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Chiba I, Nakaya N, Kogure M, Hatanaka R, Nakaya K, Tokioka S, Nakamura T, Nagaie S, Fuse N, Obara T, Kotozaki Y, Tanno K, Kuriyama S, Hozawa A. Associations between housing and psychological damage by earthquake and modifiable risk factors for dementia in general older adults: Tohoku Medical Megabank community-based cohort study. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:509-516. [PMID: 38700081 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the association between housing and psychological damage caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake (GEJE) and modifiable risk factors (MRFs) of dementia for general population of older adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 29 039 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 69.1 ± 2.9 years, 55.5% women). We evaluated disaster-related damage (by complete or not complete housing damage) and psychological damage (by post-traumatic stress reaction [PTSR]) after the GEJE using a self-report questionnaire. MRFs encompassed the presence of depression, social isolation, physical inactivity, smoking, and diabetes. We examined the association between disaster-related damage and MRFs using ordinary least squares and modified Poisson regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and health status variables. RESULTS Complete housing damage and PTSR were identified in 2704 (10.0%) and 855 (3.2%) individuals, respectively. The number of MRFs was significantly larger for the individuals with complete housing damage (β = 0.23; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19-0.27) and PTSR (β = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.53-0.67). Prevalence ratios (PRs) for depression and physical inactivity were higher in individuals with complete housing damage. The PRs for all domains of the MRFs were significantly higher in individuals with PTSR. CONCLUSIONS Housing and psychological damage caused by the GEJE were associated with an increased risk factor of dementia. To attenuate the risk of dementia, especially among older victims who have experienced housing and psychological damage after a disaster, multidimensional support across various aspects of MRFs is required. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 509-516.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Chiba
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Naoki Nakaya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mana Kogure
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rieko Hatanaka
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kumi Nakaya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sayuri Tokioka
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nakamura
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Faculty of Data Science, Kyoto Women's University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nagaie
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuo Fuse
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taku Obara
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuka Kotozaki
- Division of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Kozo Tanno
- Division of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan
| | - Shinichi Kuriyama
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Van den Brand FA, Martinelli T, de Haan-Bouma CI, Meerkerk GJ, Winkens B, Nagelhout GE. How a 5-Day Stay in the Tobacco-Free Environment of the Stoptober House Supports Individuals to Quit Smoking: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study. Eur Addict Res 2024; 30:103-113. [PMID: 38527439 DOI: 10.1159/000537929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Stoptober House is part of the annual national Stoptober smoking cessation campaign in the Netherlands. During the first week of October, 48 volunteers resided in the tobacco-free Stoptober House for 5 days and received smoking cessation counseling. This pilot study explored how the Stoptober House may have facilitated smoking cessation among participants. METHODS We included 48 individuals who were selected for the Stoptober House (intervention group) and 67 individuals who were not selected (control group). Surveys were conducted at baseline, immediately after 2 and 8 weeks of post-intervention. We compared self-reported abstinence, psychosocial mediators related to smoking cessation, and perceived active elements of the Stoptober House between the intervention and control groups using t/χ2 tests and linear mixed model (LMM) analysis. Sixteen semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted to explore participants' perspectives on the elements contributing to their success in quitting smoking. RESULTS At 8 weeks of follow-up, a higher proportion of participants in the intervention group (24/48 [50%]) reported being abstinent compared to the control group (5/67 [7%]; p < 0.001). Among participants who reported making a quit attempt, 22/38 (57.9%) in the intervention group remained abstinent compared to 4/17 (23.5%) in the control group (p = 0.022). The intervention group also exhibited higher self-efficacy to quit smoking throughout the follow-up period and higher social support immediately after the Stoptober House. No significant differences were observed in other psychosocial factors. The interviews highlighted several perceived elements of the Stoptober House that contributed to smoking cessation success, including restricted smoking opportunities, access to smoking cessation counselors, and peer support. CONCLUSION This pilot study suggests that the Stoptober House provides support that can help people quit smoking. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and determine the cost-effectiveness of this intervention in promoting long-term abstinence among specific groups of smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floor A Van den Brand
- Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Charlotte I de Haan-Bouma
- Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Bjorn Winkens
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gera E Nagelhout
- IVO Research Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Promotion, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Choi SH, Templin T. Discrete choice experiment for dyadic data collection: eliciting preferences of couple-based smoking cessation interventions. WOMEN'S HEALTH NURSING (SEOUL, KOREA) 2024; 30:9-17. [PMID: 38650323 PMCID: PMC11073556 DOI: 10.4069/whn.2024.03.08.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
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Lin H, Lin H, Zhang L, Zhang C, Yang X, Cao W, Chang C. Development and psychometric assessment of Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) in terms of smoking cessation among Chinese smokers. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4056. [PMID: 38374426 PMCID: PMC10876652 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54404-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) is a two-stage (pre-intentional and post-intentional) behavioral change model that distinguishes between motivation and volition in behavior change process. This study aims to develop HAPA-based assessments for smoking cessation among current smokers. The HAPA-based measures were developed and the draft measures included nine constructs, namely, risk perception in smoking-induced cancer, risk perception in smoking-induced systemic disease, positive outcome expectancy, negative outcome expectancy, self-efficacy in quitting smoking, self-efficacy in maintaining, self-efficacy in re-initiating, quitting planning and coping planning in smoking cessation, with a total of 26 items. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in China in 2022. Principal Component Analysis was used for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated to evaluate the internal consistency. Variables such as severity of smoking addiction were selected to evaluate the correlation between the HAPA scale and these variables. Of the 928 participants, 76.4% (709/928) were male and the median age was 35 years. Five factors were extracted by EFA. The factor loadings of each item were all greater than 0.60, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 90.15%. The Cronbach's α coefficient of each HAPA-based subscales was 0.929-0.986. The HAPA-based measurements are comprehensive, reliable and valid in the assessment of smokers' smoking cessation cognition, which can be used to guide the design and implementation of intervention and the development of theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Lin
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoxiang Lin
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lanchao Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengqian Zhang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaochen Yang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wangnan Cao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chun Chang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Ruan S, Wang X, Zhao C, Li Q, Li WM, Zhang G, Pan J, Yang X. Psychosocial Correlates of Motivation for Abstinence Among People Who Used Drugs After Community Rehabilitation Treatment in China: A Structural Equation Modelling. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:39-50. [PMID: 38192274 PMCID: PMC10773245 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s440876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Enhancing abstinence motivation of drugs is an effective strategy for the rehabilitation of people who used drugs and prevention of drug use relapse. However, little is known about its risk and protective factors. This study aimed to examine the potential intrapersonal (ie, impulsivity, depression, anxiety, sleep quality) and interpersonal factors (ie, perceived social support) of abstinence motivation among people who completed the community rehabilitation treatment. Methods A total of 222 participants (mean age = 43; male = 89.2%) were recruited from eleven communities located in Wenzhou, China. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire in counselling room settings between April and June 2021. Results The proportions of participants with depression, anxiety, and poor sleep quality were 38.8%, 19.5%, and 21.2%, respectively. Age and family history of physical disease were significant background factors of abstinence motivation. Impulsivity, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and poor quality of sleep were negatively associated with abstinence motivation. Perceived social support from family and important others was positively associated with abstinence motivation. Structural equation modeling fitted the data well in which impulsivity and perceived social support were both associated with abstinence motivation indirectly through mental health problems. Conclusion The identified psychosocial factors should be addressed in community rehabilitation treatment and follow-up service to enhance abstinence motivation and the long-term effectiveness of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songli Ruan
- Mental Health Education and Guidance Center of College Students, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengjia Zhao
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wing Ming Li
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guohua Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianshe Pan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Yang
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
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Rubenstein D, Carroll DM, Denlinger-Apte RL, Cornacchione Ross J, McClernon FJ. Differences in Normative Beliefs and Tobacco Product Use by Age Among Adults Who Smoke: Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Nationally Representative Sample. SUBSTANCE USE & ADDICTION JOURNAL 2024; 45:54-64. [PMID: 38258860 DOI: 10.1177/29767342231210554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of combusted cigarette (CC) smoking among older adults is stagnant, with 0 declines attributable to e-cigarette (EC) use. Given that normative beliefs are associated with quitting and switching to ECs, we assessed cross-sectional associations between age, CC, and EC descriptive and injunctive norms and potential interactions with tobacco use behavior. METHODS Data are from people with current, established (≥100 lifetime CCs) CC use (n = 8072) at Wave 5 (2018-2019) of the adult Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. We used adjusted multivariable logistic regressions to model social norms as a function of age (18-24, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, ≥65 years). We also dichotomized age (≥55 vs 18-54) to investigate interactions between age and social norms on past 12-month CC quit attempts and past-month EC use. RESULTS Older age was positively associated with pro- and anti-CC norms and anti-EC norms. Significant interactive effects revealed that being advised to quit smoking by a healthcare provider was more strongly associated with CC quit attempts among adults ≥55 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] [95% CI]: 2.12 [1.66, 2.71]) than adults <55 years (aOR: 1.63 [1.34, 2.00]). Reporting people close to you use ECs was also more strongly associated with EC use among adults ≥55 years (aOR: 4.37 [3.35, 5.69]) than among adults <55 years (aOR: 3.43 [2.89, 4.08]). CONCLUSIONS This study identified modifiable risk factors for tobacco use that may be particularly beneficial for older adults. Behavioral and communication interventions that target normative beliefs may maximize smoking cessation, or harm reduction when cessation is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Rubenstein
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dana M Carroll
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rachel L Denlinger-Apte
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Cornacchione Ross
- Department of Health Law, Policy and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - F Joseph McClernon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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Sreedevi A, Majumdar A, Olando Y, Sun MC, Jennings C, Tibazarwa K, Gray H, Zatonska K, PK R, Najeeb SS. Experiences and Beliefs on Tobacco Use, Cessation in India: A Qualitative Study. Glob Heart 2023; 18:51. [PMID: 37744208 PMCID: PMC10516136 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Almost 80% of global tobacco usage is concentrated in low- and-middle-income countries (LMICs) like India. Added to this, there is dearth of dedicated tobacco cessation specialist services in healthcare settings in these regions. Identification of challenges in the delivery of cessation interventions and understanding the experiences of tobacco users will aid in formulating successful quit strategies. Objectives This qualitative study in India aimed to understand the perspectives of tobacco-using patients in healthcare facilities regarding tobacco use and cessation. Methods This qualitative study was conducted in urban and rural areas of four study sites, two each in the North and South India. Using purposive sampling, patients who were tobacco users were selected from healthcare facilities. The interviews were transcribed, coded and organised into themes. Analysis was done using NVivo 10 software. Results A total of 22 in-depth interviews were conducted on participants aged 23 to 80 years who were either current or past tobacco users. A majority of the participants were aware of their increased health risks associated with tobacco consumption and had attempted quitting; however, barriers such as peer influence, formed habit, certain cultural barriers and the addictive nature of nicotine prevented them from successfully quitting. Familial and peer support, the government's role in spreading public awareness, and limiting the sale of tobacco were stated as facilitators for tobacco cessation. Conclusions The findings of this study point out that despite awareness of the perils of tobacco among smokers, there are various barriers and beliefs related to tobacco use and cessation. These findings would prove advantageous for policy-makers to implement and promote addiction treatment programmes for successful tobacco cessation efforts. In order to optimise strategies, policies must be well informed by ongoing dialogue between the public, service providers and policy-makers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anindo Majumdar
- Dept of Community Medicine, All India institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal(AIIMS), Bhopal, IN
| | - Yvonne Olando
- National Authority for the Campaign against Alcohol and Drugs Abuse (NACADA), Nairobi, KE
| | - Marie Chan Sun
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit, MU
| | - Catriona Jennings
- National Institute for Prevention and Cardiovascular Health, Univerity of Galway, IE
| | | | | | | | - Rinu PK
- John Snow India Private Limited, IN
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Yuan P, Westmaas JL, Thrul J, Toussaert S, Hilton JF, White JS. Effectiveness of Peer-Support Interventions for Smoking Cessation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Nicotine Tob Res 2023; 25:1515-1524. [PMID: 37042206 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peer support has been recommended to promote smoking cessation, but results from prior meta-analyses have not established its efficacy. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess current evidence and identify potential modifiers of efficacy. METHODS Randomized controlled trials of peer-support interventions with a smoking cessation outcome were identified in January 2022 from PubMed and references listed in identified studies. The meta-analysis outcome measure was mean risk ratio (RR, 95% confidence interval [CI]) for abstinence at the longest follow-up timepoint between 3 and 9 months from baseline. Potential modifiers tested were peer smoking status (former, current, or unknown), follow-up timepoint, abstinence measure, and cumulative engagement time between peers and smokers ("dose"). Studies were assessed for risk of bias and certainty of evidence. RESULTS We identified 16 trials, which varied in abstinence effect size (RR 0.61-3.07), sample size (23-2121), dose (41-207 minutes), and follow-up timepoint (<1-15 months). Across 15 trials with follow-up between 3 and 9 months (N = 8573 participants; 4565 intervention, 4008 control), the pooled Mantel-Haenszel RR was 1.34 (95% CI: 1.11-1.62). Effect sizes were greatest among interventions with formerly smoking peers (RR 1.43, 95% CI 1.17-1.74; five trials). We found positive effects for follow-up timepoints ≥3 months but no effect of intervention dose. The overall quality of evidence was deemed "very low." CONCLUSIONS Peer-support interventions increased smoking abstinence. There remains a lack of consensus about how to define a peer. Intervention features such as peer smoking status appear to have explanatory power. Additional high-quality and more comparable trials are needed. IMPLICATIONS This study reviewed the latest evidence from randomized controlled trials and found that peer-support interventions enhance smoking cessation. Efficacy varies with key intervention features such as peer smoking status and follow-up timepoint, which may be used to facilitate development of more effective peer-support interventions. Future trials and reviews would benefit from careful consideration and clear reporting of peer smoking status, length of follow-up, abstinence measures, and intervention dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Yuan
- Cancer Clinical Trials Office, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - J Lee Westmaas
- Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Johannes Thrul
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Joan F Hilton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Justin S White
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Ma Y, Zhou M, Yu W, Zou Z, Ge P, Ma ZF, Tong Y, Li W, Li Q, Li Y, Zhu S, Sun X, Wu Y. Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and e-health literacy(e-HL) to investigate the tobacco control intentions and behaviors of non-smoking college students in China: a cross-sectional investigation. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:765. [PMID: 37098499 PMCID: PMC10127360 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15644-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-smoking college students are starting to smoke in increasing numbers, which shows that their tobacco control situation seems not optimistic. The UTAUT and e-HL are commonly used models and theories to predict health behaviors, while there are few studies on tobacco control. This paper aims to study the influencing factors of tobacco control intention and behavior of non-smoking college students in China by combining the UTAUT and e-HL. METHODS Based on the stratified sampling method, 625 college students from 12 universities were selected. Data were collected using a self-made questionnaire designed based on the UTAUT and e-health literacy scales. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 and AMOS 26, including descriptive statistics, one-way variance analysis and structural equation model analysis. RESULTS The results of one-way variance analysis showed that there were significant differences in the score of non-smoking college students' tobacco control intention or behavior by hometowns, monthly living expenses, and parents' smoking history. Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence had direct positive effects on behavioral intention. Facilitating condition, behavioral intention had direct positive impacts on use behavior and e-HL had an indirect positive impact on use behavior. CONCLUSIONS The combination of the UTAUT and e-HL can be used as an appropriate framework to predict the influencing factors of non-smoking college students' intention and behavior of tobacco control. Improving performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and e-HL among non-smoking college students, creating positive social environments, and providing facilitating condition are key aspects of increasing their tobacco control intention and behavior. It is also beneficial to promote the implementation of smoke-free campus and smoke-free family projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ma
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mengxia Zhou
- School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Wenli Yu
- School of Foreign Languages, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, 262700, China
| | - Ziyue Zou
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Pu Ge
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Zheng Feei Ma
- Centre for Public Health and Wellbeing, School of Health and Social Wellbeing, College of Health, Science and Society, University of the West of England, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Yuting Tong
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Second Clinical Medical School, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qiyu Li
- School of Humanities and Health Management, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121000, China
| | - Yunshan Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Siya Zhu
- School of Foreign Languages, Anhui University of Technology, Anhui, 243000, China
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Haidian District, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Alghzawi HM, Storr CL. Gender Differences in the Interrelations Among Social Support, Stressful Life Events, and Smoking Cessation in People With Severe Mental Illnesses. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2023; 29:146-160. [PMID: 33926296 DOI: 10.1177/10783903211008248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support and stressful life events (SLEs) have been found to be influential factors for smoking cessation in the general population, but little is known about these factors among smokers with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) and whether their associations with smoking cessation differ by gender. AIMS To examine the association between social support and smoking cessation as mediated by SLEs in people with SMI and to examine whether the interrelations among social support, SLEs, and smoking cessation differ by gender. METHODS A population sample of 4,610 American lifetime adult smokers with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major depressive disorder were identified in a limited public use data set of the 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Four mediation and moderated mediation models were used to examine gender differences in the interrelations among social support (total and three subscales of the Interpersonal Support Evaluation List-12), SLEs (summative score of positive responses to 16 types experienced in past year and related to health, job, death, or legal situations), and smoking status in prior year. RESULTS Total, appraisal, and tangible support among females exerted indirect effects on smoking cessation via decreasing SLE scores. Among males, only belonging support exerted an indirect effect on smoking cessation via an increased SLE score. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that interventions focusing on improving social support should be a priority for those working with smokers with SMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamzah M Alghzawi
- Hamzah M. Alghzawi, PhD, MSN, RN, Medstar Good Samaritan Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Carla L Storr
- Carla L. Storr, ScD, MPH, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Allen MS, Tostes RC. Cigarette smoking and erectile dysfunction: an updated review with a focus on pathophysiology, e-cigarettes, and smoking cessation. Sex Med Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1093/sxmrev/qeac007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cigarette smoking has major health implications and causes substantial damage to all organ systems. Approximately one-third of men are active smokers worldwide, and most men are unaware that cigarette smoking can contribute to erectile dysfunction (ED).
Objectives
This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of research conducted on cigarette smoking and ED, with a particular focus on pathophysiology, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), and smoking cessation.
Methods
A manual literature search was conducted on all research conducted on cigarette smoking and ED up to October 2022.
Results
Substantial evidence is now available showing that past and current cigarette smoking has dose-dependent associations with ED in studies controlling for age and important health comorbidities. Cigarette smoke contains nicotine, carbon monoxide, oxidant chemicals, and metals that can damage the endothelium and disrupt erectile processes. For current smokers, smoking abstinence can strengthen the endothelium and reverse diminished erectile function. The effect of e-cigarettes on endothelial damage and ED remains largely untested. E-cigarettes expose users to fine and ultrafine particles and toxins that can increase risk of cardiovascular injury, but these acute effects appear less potent than conventional cigarettes (long-term cardiovascular effects are still unknown). E-cigarettes are therefore likely to have less harmful effects on ED than conventional cigarettes.
Conclusions
Smoking cessation programs that focus on nicotine replacement therapy (transdermal patches, gum, or inhalers), behavioral counseling, social support, and education programs can be effective approaches to ED treatment in active smokers. Temporarily transferring from regular cigarettes to e-cigarettes—which transmit some of the same carcinogens as conventional cigarettes and are likely to have some long-term cardiovascular effects that disrupt erectile function—might also be useful for long-term smoking cessation and treatment of ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark S Allen
- Department of Psychology and Therapeutic Studies , Leeds Trinity University, Leeds, LS18 5HD, UK
| | - Rita C Tostes
- Department of Pharmacology, University of São Paulo , São Paulo, Brazil
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Yang M, Russell AM, Barry AE, Merianos AL, Lin HC. Stealth vaping and associated attitudes, perceptions, and control beliefs among US college students across four tobacco-free campuses. Addict Behav 2023; 136:107490. [PMID: 36113279 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Stealth vaping gained popularity among college students in recent years. It may undermine the benefits introduced by tobacco-free policies. Yet, no studies have investigated attitude and belief factors associated with stealth vaping. The objective of the study was to explore the relationship between attitudes toward on-campus tobacco regulations, normative perceptions of stealth vaping behaviors, and control beliefs with on-campus stealth vaping among U.S. college students. METHODS Participants from four large, public universities with policies prohibiting use of all forms of tobacco (including e-cigarettes) on campus (N = 863) completed an online survey in Fall 2020. On-campus stealth vaping behavior was captured by past 30-day stealth vaping status and frequency. Hurdle models with logistic and negative binomial regressions were conducted, where stealth vaping status was treated as a binary variable based on the non-zero and zero frequency, and stealth vaping frequency was treated as a count variable. Multiple imputation by chained equations was employed to handle the missing data. RESULTS Participants with more positive attitudes toward regulating on-campus tobacco use were less likely to practice stealth vaping on campus (OR = 1.16, p < 0.01 [predicting zero]). Those with higher perceptions of stealth vaping among other students were more likely to stealth vape more frequently (IRR = 1.03, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Our results highlight the need for interventions to address students' attitudes and normative beliefs about stealth vaping. Efforts are needed to educate college students about the risk of e-cigarettes and to enhance enforcement of campus tobacco-free policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Yang
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Alex M Russell
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Adam E Barry
- Department of Health Behavior, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ashley L Merianos
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Hsien-Chang Lin
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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13
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Longitudinal analysis of peer social support and quitting Smoking: Moderation by sex and implications for cessation interventions. Prev Med Rep 2022; 30:102059. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.102059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Baishya ML, Collins BN, Lepore SJ. Antecedents of Self-Efficacy to Achieve Smoking-Behavior-Change Goals among Low-Income Parents Enrolled in an Evidence-Based Tobacco Intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13573. [PMID: 36294153 PMCID: PMC9603224 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that greater self-efficacy (SE) to modify smoking behaviors during treatment improves long-term post-treatment outcomes. Little is known about factors that might enhance SE for smoking abstinence and for reducing children's tobacco smoke exposure (TSE). The present study investigated hypothesized predictors of end-of-treatment SE to abstain from smoking and to protect children from TSE by conducting secondary multiple regression analyses of data (N = 327) from the Kids Safe and Smokefree (KiSS) behavioral intervention trial. KiSS aimed to reduce parental smoking and child TSE in urban, low-income, and minority communities. The results showed that partner support and initiating a planned quit attempt during treatment were positively related to SE to abstain from smoking and to reduce children's TSE (all p's < 0.001) at the end of treatment (EOT). Further, lower baseline nicotine dependence and the use of nicotine replacement were related to higher SE to abstain from smoking at EOT (p < 0.01), whereas more restrictive residential smoking rules and lower children's TSE at baseline was associated with higher SE to reduce children's TSE at EOT (all p's < 0.05). These findings inform theory and future intervention design, identifying individual and social-environmental factors that might enhance smoking-behavior-change SE.
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15
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Hohn RE, Shum J, Poureslami I. A risk perception model to promote smoking cessation among adult current smokers: Application of a community-based smoking cessation intervention. Tob Prev Cessat 2022; 8:36. [PMID: 36313191 PMCID: PMC9558149 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/152888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aims to assess the changes in cigarette consumption CO levels, and importance and self-confidence levels of quitting smoking in adult smokers after participation in a 6-month community-based smoking cessation program. METHODS Participants were enrolled in the intervention (counseling group) or noncounseling group after completing a baseline assessment and receiving educational materials. A final assessment was completed at 6 months and at 8 months. Mixed factorial analyses of variance (ANOVAs) with 2 (condition: counseling vs non-counseling) × 2 (spoken language: Chinese vs English) × 2 (time: initial measurement vs last measurement) designs, were conducted for each of the four outcome measures. RESULTS Seventy smokers (50 males, 20 females; mean age 34 years, SD=9.68) from the Mandarin- and Cantonese-speaking (n=30) and English-speaking (n=40) communities in Vancouver, Canada were enrolled. Cigarette consumption: Both Chinese- and English-speaking participants significantly decreased their cigarette consumption at near equal rates and English-speaking participants smoked significantly more cigarettes than the Chinese-speaking participants did across both the initial and last measurement time points. No significant interactions or main effects related to the study condition variable were observed. CO levels: Average levels of CO also decreased near equally for the English- and Chinese-speaking groups. No significant interactions or main effects related to the study condition variable were observed. Importance ratings: Chinese-speakers in the non-counseling group showed no increase in importance ratings, whereas Chinese-speakers in the counseling group saw an average increase of 0.73 (SD=1.10). For the English-speaking group, importance ratings remained stable over time with no significant changes. Self-confidence ratings: A larger average rating increase for the counseling group compared to the non-counseling group was observed for the study condition and time variables. On average, confidence ratings increased significantly for the whole sample. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that participation in a community-based smoking cessation intervention study, regardless of study group, resulted in significant decreases over time in self-reported cigarettes smoked per day and measured CO levels; as well as a significant effect on importance ratings depending on the language group, and a significant increase in confidence ratings overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard E. Hohn
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Jessica Shum
- Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Division, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Iraj Poureslami
- Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Division, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Canadian Multicultural Health Promotion Society, Vancouver, Canada
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16
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Xie Z, Cartujano-Barrera F, Cupertino P, Li D. Cross-Sectional Associations of Self-Reported Social/Emotional Support and Life Satisfaction with Smoking and Vaping Status in Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10722. [PMID: 36078438 PMCID: PMC9517882 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional association of self-reported social/emotional support and life satisfaction with smoking/vaping status in US adults. The study included 47,163 adult participants who self-reported social/emotional support, life satisfaction, and smoking/vaping status in the 2016 and 2017 BRFSS national survey data. We used multivariable weighted logistic regression models to measure the cross-sectional association of self-reported social/emotional support and life satisfaction with smoking/vaping status. Compared to never users, dual users and exclusive smokers were more likely to have low life satisfaction, with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.770 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.135, 2.760) and an aOR = 1.452 (95% CI: 1.121, 1.880) respectively, especially for the age group 18-34. Exclusive cigarette smokers were more likely to have low life satisfaction compared to ex-smokers (aOR = 1.416, 95% CI: 1.095, 1.831). Exclusive cigarette smokers were more likely to have low social/emotional support (aOR = 1.193, 95% CI: 1.030, 1.381) than never users, especially those aged 65 and above. In addition, exclusive cigarette smokers were more likely to have low social/emotional support than ex-smokers, with an aOR = 1.279 (95% CI: 1.097, 1.492), which is more pronounced among the age group 18-34, as well as 65 and above. Our results suggest that life satisfaction and social/emotional support may play important roles in smoking and vaping, which should be incorporated into behavioral interventions to reduce tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidian Xie
- Department of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Francisco Cartujano-Barrera
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Paula Cupertino
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Cancer Center, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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17
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Nagawa CS, Pbert L, Wang B, Cutrona SL, Davis M, Lemon SC, Sadasivam RS. Association between family or peer views towards tobacco use and past 30-day smoking cessation among adults with mental health problems. Prev Med Rep 2022; 28:101886. [PMID: 35855923 PMCID: PMC9287352 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adults with mental health problems have a higher prevalence of cigarette smoking. We examined the association between family or peer views towards tobacco use and past 30-day cessation among adult with mental health conditions who smoke. We used nationally representative data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. We included individuals who currently smoked and reported mental health symptoms over the past year (n = 4201). We used the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs Short Screener questionnaire to assess mental health conditions. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) in the association between family and peer views towards tobacco use and past 30-day smoking cessation. Compared to participants who had family or peers with negative views towards tobacco use, those with family or peers with neutral or positive views were 32% less likely (adjusted OR: 0.68, 95%CI: 0.51 - 0.93) to report past 30-day smoking cessation. The association between family/peer views towards tobacco use and smoking cessation was statisitcally significant for individuals with symptoms on the both internalizing and externalizing sub-scales (adjusted OR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.42 - 0.92), but not for those reporting symptoms on a single sub scale. Our findings suggest that having family members or peers who hold neutral or positive views towards tobacco use may deter cessation efforts of people with mental health conditions who smoke. Efforts to modify these views are needed to improve quit rates in people with mental health conditions who smoke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine S. Nagawa
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lori Pbert
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Sarah L. Cutrona
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Center for Healthcare Organization and Implementation Research (CHOIR), VA Bedford Healthcare System, Bedford, MA, USA
| | - Maryann Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Center of Innovation, Edith Nurse Rogers Memorial Hospital Veterans Health Administration, USA
| | - Stephenie C. Lemon
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Rajani S. Sadasivam
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Center of Innovation, Edith Nurse Rogers Memorial Hospital Veterans Health Administration, USA
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18
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Oh H, Boo S. Smoking in the workplace: A study of female call center employees in South Korea. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267685. [PMID: 35901095 PMCID: PMC9333211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking among women is characteristically high among call center employees and is associated with various individual and work-related characteristics, which have been paid little attention so far. This study explored the differences in intrapersonal and interpersonal characteristics and environmental factors among Korean women working in call centers by smoking status, based on an ecological model. In this cross-sectional study, an anonymous online survey was conducted among a sample of female employees from three credit card-based call centers (N = 588). Differences in intrapersonal (social nicotine dependence, smoking attitudes, emotional labor), interpersonal (smoking among family or friends, social support), and environmental factors (smoking cessation education, and perceived and preferred smoking policy at work) were compared according to smoking status (smokers, ex-smokers, and never smokers). Approximately 20% (n = 115) were smokers. Smokers were younger, mostly unmarried, had lower education, and had poorer perceived health status than ex- and never smokers. The mean scores for social nicotine dependence and smoking attitude were the highest among smokers, indicating their tendency to underestimate the negative effects of smoking. They also reported the highest level of emotional labor, with about half (50.4%) and almost all (95.7%) reporting smoking behaviors in their families and friends, respectively. Smokers took a lenient stance on the smoking ban policy. The results indicated the necessity to develop tailored smoking cessation programs to motivate female call center employees to quit smoking. As call centers may have a smoking-friendly environment, comprehensive smoking prevention programs considering multilevel factors are required to support smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjin Oh
- College of Nursing, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sunjoo Boo
- College of Nursing·Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
- * E-mail:
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19
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Neumann M, Murphy N, Seetharamu N. Impact of Family and Social Network on Tobacco Cessation Amongst Cancer Patients. Cancer Control 2021; 28:10732748211056691. [PMID: 34798778 PMCID: PMC8606921 DOI: 10.1177/10732748211056691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Continued smoking after a cancer diagnosis adversely affects outcomes, including recurrence of the primary cancer and/or the development of second primary cancers. Despite this, prevalence of smoking is high in cancer survivors and higher in survivors of tobacco-related cancers. The diagnosis of cancer provides a teachable moment, and social networks, such as family, friends, and social groups, seem to play a significant role in smoking habits of cancer patients. Interventions that involve members of patients’ social network, especially those who also smoke, might improve tobacco cessation rates. Very few studies have been conducted to evaluate and target patients’ social networks. Yet, many studies have demonstrated that cancer survivors who received higher levels of social support were less likely to be current smokers. Clinicians should be doing as much as they can to encourage smoking cessation in both patients and relevant family members. Research aimed at influencing smoking behavioral change in the entire family is needed to increase cessation intervention success rate, which can ultimately improve the health and longevity of patients as well as their family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Neumann
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Neal Murphy
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 5799Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Lake Success, NY, USA
| | - Nagashree Seetharamu
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 5799Northwell Health Cancer Institute, Lake Success, NY, USA
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20
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Bradley T, Hansen V, Wye P, Campbell E, Bartlem K, Reid K, Bowman J. Telephone-delivered health behaviour change support for people with a mental health condition: the coaches' perspective. BMC Health Serv Res 2021; 21:1130. [PMID: 34670561 PMCID: PMC8529807 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-021-07126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People with a mental health condition experience a greater prevalence of chronic disease and reduced life expectancy compared to the general population. Modifiable health risk behaviours, such as physical inactivity and poor nutrition are major contributing factors. Population-level health coaching delivering behavioural change support via telephone for healthy eating, physical activity, and weight management is an opportunity utilised by this group to support improvement in healthy lifestyle behaviours. Health coaches offer a valuable perspective into the provision of services to this high-risk group. This study aims to qualitatively explore coaches’ experiences in providing support to these participants, consider factors which may contribute to engagement and outcomes; and potentially inform future service improvement. Method A qualitative study design was employed involving semi-structured telephone interviews with six coaches employed in a telephone-based behaviour change support service in New South Wales, Australia, between April and July 2019. Interview data was analysed using an inductive thematic analysis. Results Coaches believed that the service was of benefit to people with a mental health condition, however making changes to health risk behaviours was potentially more difficult for this group of service users. Coaches indicated that in supporting this group there was a greater focus on building confidence and readiness to change. They noted that improvement in mental health as a result of physical health changes was an additional ‘measure of success’ of particular relevance. Coaches expressed a desire to receive more mental health training to better deliver coaching to participants with a mental health condition. Program variables such as limited call length were posed as possible barriers to care. Conclusion Further training and additional support for coaches, in additon to considering variations to aspects of service delivery may assist in improving engagement and outcomes for participants with mental health conditions. Examining mental health consumers’ experiences when engaging with telephone coaching services would be an important area to address in further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegan Bradley
- University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Cct, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.
| | - Vibeke Hansen
- Southern Cross University, Hogbin Dr, Coffs Harbour, NSW, 2450, Australia
| | - Paula Wye
- University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Campbell
- Hunter New England Population Health, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
| | - Kate Bartlem
- University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Cct, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Kate Reid
- NSW Office of Preventive Health, Liverpool Hospital, Don Everett Building, Locked Bag 7103, Liverpool, NSW, BC1871, Australia
| | - Jenny Bowman
- University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Lot 1, Kookaburra Cct, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
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21
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Mak YW, Loke AY, Leung DYP. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy versus Social Support for Smoking Cessation for People with Schizophrenia: A Randomised Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4304. [PMID: 34640321 PMCID: PMC8509331 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is prevalent among people with schizophrenia. It has been found that Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is effective for treating psychotic symptoms and addictive behaviours, but the therapy has not been modified to help individuals with schizophrenia to quit smoking. A randomised controlled trial was conducted with the objective of comparing a 10-week, individual, face-to-face ACT programme (n = 65) to a social support programme on smoking cessation, experiential avoidance, and emotion-regulation strategies among people with schizophrenia who smoke (n = 65). The primary outcome was self-reported smoking abstinence for 7 days at 6 months after the start of the intervention. Secondary outcomes were self-reported and biochemically validated quit rates post-intervention. The Avoidance and Inflexibility Scale (AIS), Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQII), and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) were employed. The self-reported quit rates in the ACT group were higher than in the social support group, although no significant differences were found (6 months: 12.3% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.56, 12 months: 10.8% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.76). We found significantly greater improvements in smoking-specific and ACT-specific experiential avoidance and less reliance on emotion regulation strategies in the ACT group at some time points. Overall, ACT is better than social support at enhancing experiential avoidance and reducing reliance on emotion regulation strategies in adults with schizophrenia who smoke. However, ACT did not produce a much better result than social support in helping them to completely quit smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yim-Wah Mak
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China; (A.-Y.L.); (D.Y.P.L.)
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22
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Schwaninger P, Berli C, Scholz U, Lüscher J. Effectiveness of a Dyadic Buddy App for Smoking Cessation: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e27162. [PMID: 34499045 PMCID: PMC8461528 DOI: 10.2196/27162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking is one of the biggest public health threats. Smartphone apps offer new promising opportunities for supporting smoking cessation in real time. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of an app that encourages individuals to quit smoking with the help of a social network member (buddy) in daily life. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to test the effectiveness of the SmokeFree buddy app compared with a control group with self-reported smoking abstinence and carbon monoxide (CO)-verified smoking abstinence as primary outcomes and self-reports of smoked cigarettes per day (CPD) as a secondary outcome. METHODS A total of 162 adults who smoked participated in this single-blind, two-arm, parallel-group, intensive longitudinal randomized controlled trial. Around a self-set quit date (ie, 7 days before the self-set quit date and 20 days after) and 6 months later, participants of the intervention and control groups reported on daily smoking abstinence and CPD in end-of-day diaries. Daily smoking abstinence was verified via daily exhaled CO assessments. This assessment was administered via an app displaying results of exhaled CO, thus addressing self-monitoring in both groups. In addition, participants in the intervention group used the SmokeFree buddy app, a multicomponent app that facilitates social support from a buddy of choice. RESULTS A significant reduction in CPD from baseline to the 6-month follow-up was observed among participants in both groups. Multilevel analyses revealed no significant intervention effect on self-reported and CO-verified daily smoking abstinence at the quit date and 3 weeks later. However, CPD was lower at the quit date and 3 weeks later in the intervention group than in the control group. No significant differences between groups were found for any outcome measures 6 months after the quit date. Overall, low app engagement and low perceived usefulness were observed. CONCLUSIONS Despite some encouraging short-term findings on the amount of smoking, the SmokeFree buddy app did not have beneficial effects on smoking abstinence over and above the self-monitoring control condition. Future studies should examine whether and what support processes can be effectively stimulated and how app use can be improved to better achieve this goal. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN Registry 11154315; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11154315. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12889-019-7723-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schwaninger
- Applied Social and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corina Berli
- Applied Social and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urte Scholz
- Applied Social and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Programme "Dynamic of Healthy Aging", Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Janina Lüscher
- Applied Social and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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23
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Haskins LB, vanDellen MR, Lewis MA, Toll BA, Lipkus IM. Assessing multiple features of partner support for smoking cessation in dual-smoker couples. J Health Psychol 2021; 26:1561-1574. [PMID: 31642339 PMCID: PMC9904416 DOI: 10.1177/1359105319883924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new scale to measure multiple aspects of partner support for quitting smoking relevant to dual-smoker couples, called the Partner Support for Quitting Scale. The best model fit (N = 238 individuals in 119 couples) considers the frequency of, confidence in, and perceived usefulness of partner support behaviors. Path analysis revealed that the Partner Support for Quitting Scale factors were uniquely predicted by relationship commitment and nicotine dependence and, in turn, predicted self-efficacy for smoking cessation and desire to quit. Preliminary support was found for the Partner Support for Quitting Scales' value as an assessment tool for measuring partner support for smoking cessation among dual-smoker couples.
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Affiliation(s)
- LeeAnn B. Haskins
- University of Georgia, Department of Psychology, 125 Baldwin Street, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Michelle R. vanDellen
- University of Georgia, Department of Psychology, 125 Baldwin Street, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Megan A. Lewis
- RTI International, 119 South Main Street, Union Trust Building, Suite 220, Seattle, WA, 98104
| | - Benjamin A. Toll
- Medical University of South Carolina and Hollings Cancer Center, 135 Cannon Street, Charleston, SC, 29425
| | - Isaac M. Lipkus
- Duke University School of Nursing, 3067 Pearson Building, Durham, NC, 27710
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Theory-Based Social and Non-Social Engagement Features in Smoking Cessation Mobile Apps: A Content Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179106. [PMID: 34501696 PMCID: PMC8431714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite the ubiquity of smartphone ownership and the increasing integration of social engagement features in smoking cessation apps to engage users, the social and non-social engagement features that are present in current smoking cessation apps and the effectiveness of these features in engaging users remain understudied. To fill the gap in the literature, a content analysis of free and paid smoking cessation mobile apps was conducted to examine (a) the presence of social features (i.e., social support, social announcement, and social referencing) and non-social engagement features (e.g., personal environmental changes, goal setting, progress tracking, reinforcement tracking, self-monitoring, and personalized recommendations) and (b) their relationships with user engagement scores measured by the Mobile App Rating Scale. In this study, 28.2% of the smoking cessation apps enable social announcement and 8.1% offered the social support feature. Only two apps provided a social referencing feature (1.3%). No app included reinforcement tracking, with the percentage of other non-social engagement features ranging from 9.4% to 49.0%. Social support (β = 0.30, p < 0.001), social announcement (β = 0.21, p < 0.05), and social referencing (β = 0.18, p < 0.05) were significant predictors of user engagement. Regarding the non-social engagement features, personal environment changes (β = 0.38, p < 0.001), progress tracking (β = 0.18, p < 0.05), and personalized recommendations (β = 0.37, p < 0.001) significantly predicted user engagement. The findings not only contribute to the mobile communication literature by applying and extending the theory-based mobile health apps engagement typology, but also inform the future architecture design of smoking cessation mobile apps.
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Cao N, Li X, Chen H, Li X, Li W. Decisional Balance of Smoking and Planning to Quit Smoking: A Moderated Mediation Model among Chinese Male Smokers. J Psychoactive Drugs 2021; 54:158-166. [PMID: 34423746 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2021.1942339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Decisional balance in quitting smoking involves positive and negative attitudes toward smoking. This study explored the relationship between the decisional balance of smoking and planning to quit smoking, and examined the mediating role of willingness to quit smoking and the moderating role of social support. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 326 daily male smokers from China in 2016, including the decisional balance of smoking, willingness to quit smoking, social support, planning to quit, and nicotine dependence. The results showed: (1) willingness to quit smoking mediated the relationship between the decisional balance of smoking and planning to quit smoking; (2) the relationship between the decisional balance of smoking and planning to quit smoking was moderated by emotional support rather than instrumental support. Smokers with a higher level of emotional support for quitting smoking were more likely to progress to planning to quit smoking, while this relationship was not found among smokers with a lower level of emotional support. These findings suggested that smokers' willingness to quit smoking would be key to promoting their planning to quit. Meanwhile, the dynamic process of planning to quit smoking was moderated by emotional support from others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningmeng Cao
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Human Development, Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinwei Li
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Human Development, Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haide Chen
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Human Development, Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Human Development, Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijian Li
- Department of Psychology, College of Education and Human Development, Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China
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Qian Y, Gui W, Ma F, Dong Q. Exploring features of social support in a Chinese online smoking cessation community: A multidimensional content analysis of user interaction data. Health Informatics J 2021; 27:14604582211021472. [PMID: 34082598 DOI: 10.1177/14604582211021472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the rapid development of information technology, an increasing number of smokers choose online smoking cessation communities to interact with other individuals to help themselves quit smoking. Though it is well known that social support plays a key role in the process of smoking cessation, the features of social support that one can get from online smoking cessation communities remain unclear. We collected user interaction data from the largest Chinese online smoking cessation community, the quit smoking forum of Baidu Tieba. We selected 2758 replies from 29 active repliers and 408 correlated posts as our data set. Multidimensional content analysis is carried out from three aspects: posting scenarios, user quitting behavior stages, and types of social support. This article also explores the co-occurrence relationships of different types of social support by social network analysis. Results showed that users receive different compositions of social support in various posting scenarios and behavior stages. In most cases, emotional support is the most typical support the community provides. The community will provide more informational support when needed. Besides, informational support, especially personal experience and perceptual knowledge, has more diverse combination patterns with other types of social support. "Gratitude-Mutual assistance" and "Encouragement-Mutual assistance" are the most frequent co-occurrence relationships. The online smoking cessation community brings people who quit smoking together, and users provide rich types of social support for each other. Users can effectively obtain expected social support in different posting scenarios and smoking cessation stages. Smoking cessation projects should be designed to promote user communication and interaction, which positively affects achieving users' smoking cessation goals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qingxing Dong
- Wuhan University, China.,Central China Normal University, China
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Borrelli B, Endrighi R, Quintiliani LM, Hughes RB, Pagoto S. Facebook usage, participation patterns, and social support from Facebook activity among smokers with mobility impairments. Transl Behav Med 2021; 11:882-890. [PMID: 33710308 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
People with mobility impairments (MIs; use assistive devices to ambulate) have twice the smoking prevalence versus the general population. A Facebook intervention could improve reach to smokers with MIs, but use and patterns of use are unknown. The study examined: (a) Facebook use and relationship with Facebook-based social support and (b) whether Facebook use differs by motivation to quit smoking. Participants (N = 510; 56.3% female, mean age = 42.4 years) were recruited via a recruitment company to complete a one-time online survey assessing motivation to quit within 30 days, Facebook use (Facebook Activities Scale), reasons for use (Facebook Motives Scale), attitudes (Facebook Intensity Scale), and social support (Facebook Measure of Social Support). The vast majority said that Facebook is part of their daily routine (92.9%), 83% checked Facebook >once a day, and 69% spent >30 min/day on Facebook. Facebook was used to connect with similar others (68.4%), participate in groups (72.9%), decrease loneliness (69.2%), and obtain health information (62.5%); 88% said that they would join a Facebook program to help them quit smoking. A greater number of Facebook friends (rs = .18-.22, p < .001) and greater Facebook use (rs = .20 to rs = .59; p < .001) were correlated with greater perceived social and emotional support. Those motivated to quit posted more frequently (odds ratio [OR] = 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10, 2.22) and were more likely to indicate that they would join a Facebook group for smoking cessation (OR = 4.15, 95% CI = 2.05, 8.38) than those not motivated. Facebook could circumvent disability and environmental barriers to accessing cessation among this health disparity population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Borrelli
- Center for Behavioral Science Research, Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Romano Endrighi
- Center for Behavioral Science Research, Department of Health Policy and Health Services Research, Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa M Quintiliani
- Section of General Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rosemary B Hughes
- Rural Institute for Inclusive Communities, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Sherry Pagoto
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Kenny JD, Tsoh JY, Nguyen BH, Le K, Burke NJ. Keeping Each Other Accountable: Social Strategies for Smoking Cessation and Healthy Living in Vietnamese American Men. FAMILY & COMMUNITY HEALTH 2021; 44:215-224. [PMID: 33055576 PMCID: PMC8032815 DOI: 10.1097/fch.0000000000000270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vietnamese American males have high smoking rates. This study explored social support mechanisms provided by lay health workers (LHWs) and family members through a smoking cessation intervention. Eight focus groups (N = 54) were conducted in Vietnamese stratified by intervention arms (Tobacco [experimental] and healthy living [control]) with 18 smokers, 18 family members, and 18 LHWs. Smokers reported feeling more accountable for their health behaviors, and smoking changes were reinforced by family members, peers, and LHWs through conversations facilitated during and outside the program. Culturally appropriate interventions with multiple social support mechanisms may reduce smoking in minority populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazmine D Kenny
- Public Health, University of California, Merced (Drs Kenny and Burke); and Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco (Drs Tsoh, Nguyen, and Le)
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Group Support for Smoking Cessation: Importance of the Smoker's Choice for Better Outcomes. BEHAVIOUR CHANGE 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/bec.2021.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSmoking cessation method effectiveness is discussed among socially disadvantaged smokers. Our aim was to measure real-life effectiveness of the choice of a multi-component group intervention in comparison with individual usual care. We report an observational study (N = 100). Disadvantaged smokers were screened with a validated tool. We designed a multi-component structured behavioural group intervention, delivered in weekly group sessions during 6 weeks. Usual care consisted of individual visits. Both groups received free nicotine replacement therapy. We observed 33 smokers participating in the group intervention, while 67 received usual care. Abstinence at 6 weeks was 24.2% (n = 8) in the group intervention versus 11.9% (n = 8) in usual care (p = .115). Also, 36.4% (n = 12) of group intervention patients had reduced their cigarette consumption versus 16.4% (n = 11) in usual care (p = .026). In addition, 6.1% (n = 2) dropped out of group versus 31.3% (n = 21) in usual care (p = .005). Finally, 6 months after their first visit, 15.2% (n = 5) of group intervention patients and 4.5% (n = 3) in usual care were abstinent (p = .111). Group intervention choice versus usual care might facilitate smoking abstinence, reduction, and follow-up adherence.
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Schwaninger P, Lüscher J, Berli C, Scholz U. Daily support seeking as coping strategy in dual-smoker couples attempting to quit. Psychol Health 2021; 37:811-827. [PMID: 34019454 PMCID: PMC9344997 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1913157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Smoking cessation is a stressful event and lapses are frequent. The dynamic model of relapse has been criticized for not integrating interpersonal factors as phasic influences. Seeking social support, as a coping strategy to deal with cravings, may help to refrain from smoking. DESIGN Overall, 83 heterosexual dual-smoker couples reported on their craving, the extent of seeking social support from one's partner regarding smoking cessation, and their number of cigarettes smoked in smartphone-based end-of-day diaries, from a joint self-set quit date on across 22 consecutive days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Number of cigarettes smoked. RESULTS Multilevel analyses indicated that on days with higher-than-average levels of craving, male and female smokers reported more cigarettes smoked. Higher-than-usual support seeking was related to fewer cigarettes smoked that same day. For women only, we found a within-person interaction between craving and support seeking on smoking. On days with higher-than-average support-seeking, the effect of craving on smoking was attenuated. CONCLUSION Findings confirm the relevance of interpersonal processes in the relapse process, such as support seeking as coping behavior. Further, as a 'first act' in initiating supportive interactions, support seeking is an important piece in the social support process and a promising target for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janina Lüscher
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Corina Berli
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urte Scholz
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Jitnarin N, Poston WSC, Jahnke SA, Haddock CK, Kelley HN, Severson HH. A qualitative study to assess perceptions, barriers, and motivators supporting smokeless tobacco cessation in the US fire service. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0251128. [PMID: 33974644 PMCID: PMC8112677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0251128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
While firefighters currently have low smoking rates, rates of smokeless tobacco (SLT) use among this population are remarkably high and substantially greater than similar occupational groups, and the general population. This study explored determinants associated with SLT use, barriers to cessation, and motivators for SLT cessation in the fire service. Key informant interviews were conducted in 23 career firefighters who were current (n = 14) and former (n = 9) SLT users from across the U.S. Discussions were recorded and independently coded according to questions and themes. Major themes that developed among firefighters regarding SLT use determinants included positive perceptions of SLT products, social influences from their peers and family members, acceptability of SLT use in the fire service, and a coping resource for job stress. Firefighters discussed several barriers to SLT cessation, including intrapersonal barriers such as SLT use habits and its dependency, concerns about withdrawal symptoms; and social-environmental barriers including lack of support from health and other services providers, and lack of enforcement of existing tobacco policies regarding SLT use. Firefighters also mentioned both internal and external motivators for cessation. Internal motivators included self-motivation and their health concerns while external motivators included friends and family support, incentives or rewards, and price of SLT products. Findings provide unique perspectives from firefighters on factors that influence SLT use and barriers and motivators to SLT cessation. These are insufficiently assessed and considered by the fire service organizations and their health care providers. Thus, the organizations must understand these issues in order to mitigate barriers and motivate the personnel to quit using SLT. Information gained from firefighters who were current and former SLT users can be used to develop an effective, culturally-tailored intervention that is acceptable to fire service personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattinee Jitnarin
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Walker S. C. Poston
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Sara A. Jahnke
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Christopher K. Haddock
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Hannah N. Kelley
- Center for Fire, Rescue & EMS Health Research, NDRI–USA, Inc., Leawood, Kansas, United States of America
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Family Support and Readiness to Consider Smoking Cessation among Chinese and Vietnamese American Male Smokers. J Smok Cessat 2021; 2021. [PMID: 34178159 PMCID: PMC8232893 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6678219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Smoking prevalence is disproportionately high among Asian American immigrant men with limited English proficiency. Understanding the role of family support may provide insights on culturally acceptable strategies to promote smoking cessation. Aims This study examined how family support was associated with readiness to consider smoking cessation among Chinese and Vietnamese American male daily smokers. Methods We analyzed baseline data (N=340) from a cluster randomized trial of a family-based healthy lifestyle intervention. We assessed the frequency of receiving family support in various forms (encouraging use of cessation resources; praising efforts; checking-in; reminding of familial role). Multiple regression analysis was used to determine associations between family support areas and readiness to consider smoking cessation, controlling for covariates. Results/Findings Reporting a higher frequency of receiving praise and encouragement for one's efforts to quit was positively associated with readiness to consider cessation. Other areas of family support were not significant. Conclusions These findings provide evidence to explore specific areas of family support in enhancing Asian American smokers' readiness to consider cessation. As there is high interest from Asian American family members to support their smokers for quitting, culturally specific and acceptable strategies are needed to promote smoking cessation among Asian Americans.
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Cartujano-Barrera F, Lee D’Abundo M, Arana-Chicas E, Chock S, Valera P, Kamen CS, Cupertino AP. Barriers and Facilitators of Smoking Cessation among Latinos Living with HIV: Perspectives from Key Leaders of Community-Based Organizations and Clinics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073437. [PMID: 33810269 PMCID: PMC8036939 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the perspectives from key leaders of community-based organizations (CBOs) and clinics serving people living with HIV on barriers and facilitators of smoking cessation among Latino smokers living with HIV. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in English and Spanish with 10 key leaders. Using a social ecological model, qualitative theoretical analysis was used to analyze the results. Participants identified barriers at the individual (e.g., low education level, HIV, and financial stress), interpersonal (e.g., language barriers, low social support), organizational (e.g., lack of smoking cessation resources and targeted interventions), community (e.g., HIV and mental health stigma), and policy (e.g., paperwork for insurance) level. Participants identified facilitators at the individual (e.g., high participation in trials, good medication adherence), interpersonal (e.g., no smoking in social circles), organizational (e.g., bilingual staff, culturally competent care), community (e.g., providing transportation, the coronavirus disease 2019 as an opportunity for smoking cessation), and policy level (e.g., existence of funding, comprehensive insurance programs). These results provide operational strategies to address smoking disparities among Latino smokers living with HIV. Further research is needed on how to integrate these perspectives into effective smoking cessation interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Cartujano-Barrera
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (E.A.-C.); (S.C.); (C.S.K.); (A.P.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-585-353-0035
| | - Michelle Lee D’Abundo
- Department of Interprofessional Health Sciences and Health Administration, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA;
| | - Evelyn Arana-Chicas
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (E.A.-C.); (S.C.); (C.S.K.); (A.P.C.)
| | - Surina Chock
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (E.A.-C.); (S.C.); (C.S.K.); (A.P.C.)
| | - Pamela Valera
- Department of Urban-Global Public Health, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA;
| | - Charles S. Kamen
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (E.A.-C.); (S.C.); (C.S.K.); (A.P.C.)
| | - Ana Paula Cupertino
- James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (E.A.-C.); (S.C.); (C.S.K.); (A.P.C.)
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Gücük S, Erim BR, Kayhan M. A pre-evaluation of psychological factors may positively affect the outcomes of smoking cessation treatments: A comparison in terms of smoking behavior. Tob Prev Cessat 2021; 7:12. [PMID: 33598591 PMCID: PMC7879486 DOI: 10.18332/tpc/131627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare smoking behavior in out-patients in terms of psychological factors with a view to supporting cessation treatment. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional and analytical study through face-to-face interviews by the primary care physician with 765 volunteer participants who applied to our hospital for any reason between March and July 2019. The questionnaire administered had two parts: questions about sociodemographic characteristics and usage of tobacco and tobacco products, and questions of the UCLA Loneliness Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMBS), and Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). RESULTS The study was completed with 765 participants of which 53.1% (n=406) were female and 46.9% (n=359) male. Multidimensional perceived social support scale mean score of the participants was 69.9±15.2 (min=12, max=84). There was a significant relation between mean MPSS and mean WEMBS (p<0.05). As nicotine scores increased, the mean scores both in MPSS and WEMBS decreased (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS We suggest that the results of the psychometric preliminary evaluations should be customized for individuals applying to smoking cessation clinics and that including the individual's close social connections in the process can facilitate the decision to quit, thus increase smoking cessation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebahat Gücük
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Burcu Rahşan Erim
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kayhan
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Abant İzzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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Li C, Mao Z, He G, Hu Q. Does smoking impact trust in physicians and satisfaction with the health system in China? Tob Induc Dis 2021; 19:06. [PMID: 33542678 PMCID: PMC7848684 DOI: 10.18332/tid/131626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trust and satisfaction play vital roles in how smokers react to smoking cessation treatment delivered by physicians. This paper aims to ascertain whether smoking status and pack-years of smoking affect trust in physicians and satisfaction with the health system in China. METHODS The current study used the ordered probit model to evaluate how smoking status affects trust in physicians and satisfaction with the health system in China. Data from the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2018 were used for the analysis, and the final sample consisted of 29500 adults. The CFPS is a nationally representative, comprehensive, high-quality, biennial longitudinal survey of Chinese communities, families, and individuals. The survey was conducted in 25 provinces and their administrative equivalents. The population of 25 provinces represents 95% of the total population in Mainland China. RESULTS According to the ordered probit model, the results showed that current smokers were significantly negatively associated with trust in physicians, and more cigarette smoking was associated with decreased trust in physicians. Moreover, current smokers were also significantly negatively related to satisfaction with the health system. CONCLUSIONS The present study found that current smokers would be more likely to rate trust in physicians lower, and less likely to rate greater satisfaction with the health system, than never smokers. These results may have important implications for regaining trust in physicians from smokers and supporting health-system reform for tobacco treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changle Li
- Department of Health Economics, School of Health Management, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhengzhong Mao
- Huaxi School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang He
- General Affairs Section, Chifeng Municipal Hospital, Chifeng, China
| | - Qitu Hu
- Department of General Psychology, College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
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Buczkowski K, Dachtera-Frąckiewicz M, Luszkiewicz D, Klucz K, Sawicka-Powierza J, Marcinowicz L. Reasons for and Scenarios Associated with Failure to Cease Smoking: Results from a Qualitative Study Among Polish Smokers Who Had Unsuccessfully Attempted to Quit. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:2071-2084. [PMID: 34556977 PMCID: PMC8453429 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s320798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Most smokers attempt to quit smoking, but few are successful. Data regarding the reasons for this relapse and the course of the relapse process may be helpful for determining efficient methods of smoking cessation. This study aimed to identify the causes of and scenarios associated with smoking relapse after effective smoking cessation. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with smokers who had previously unsuccessfully attempted to quit. The data underwent qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Three major themes were identified: reasons for smoking relapse; smoking relapse scenarios; and perception of the influence of personal environments, including family and physicians, on refraining from smoking after cessation. The first theme comprised the following subthemes: insufficient willpower and self-discipline, contact with smokers, exposure to stressful situations, lack of family support, weight gain, and insufficient improvement in one's mental and physical well-being. The second theme contained enjoyable social events, professional life, critical events, and encouragement to smoke from family members. The respondents frequently emphasized the large role of interaction with other smokers. CONCLUSION The predominant factors underlying smoking relapse include insufficient willpower and self-discipline and exposure to stress. The most frequent relapse scenario concerned experiencing negative or positive emotions when interacting with other smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Buczkowski
- Department of Family Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
- Correspondence: Krzysztof Buczkowski Email
| | | | - Dorota Luszkiewicz
- Department of Family Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Klucz
- Department of Family Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland
| | | | - Ludmila Marcinowicz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Maternity Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Lowenstein C, Dow WH, White JS. Peer effects in smoking cessation: An instrumental variables analysis of a worksite intervention in Thailand. SSM Popul Health 2020; 12:100659. [PMID: 32964096 PMCID: PMC7490727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While smoking is widely acknowledged to be a social activity, limited evidence exists on the extent to which friends influence each other during worksite-based tobacco cessation interventions. Drawing on data from adult smokers (N = 1823) in a large, cluster randomized controlled trial in worksites in Thailand, this study examines the presence of social spillovers in the decision to abstain from smoking. We leverage a unique aspect of social network structure in these data-the existence of non-overlapping friendship networks-to address the challenge of isolating the effects of peers on smoking behavior from the confounding effects of endogenous friend selection and bidirectional peer influence. We find that individuals with workplace friends who have abstained from smoking during the trial are significantly more likely to abstain themselves. Instrumental variables estimates suggest that abstinence after 3 and 12 months increases 26 and 32 percentage points, respectively, for each additional workplace friend who abstains. These findings highlight the potential for workplace interventions to use existing social networks to magnify the effect of individual-level behavior change, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where tobacco cessation support tends to be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Lowenstein
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - William H. Dow
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Justin S. White
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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Majmundar A, Cerrada C, Fang W, Huh J. In Lieu of Smoking: Are Smokers More Likely to Enact Certain Types of Implementation Intention Plans During a JIT Smoking Cessation? Int J Behav Med 2020; 27:556-564. [PMID: 32378047 PMCID: PMC8259899 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-020-09893-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify actionable and effective implementation intention (II) plans, we examined whether (a) IIs suggesting food or nicotine-based substitution strategies to help quit smoking cigarettes would be more likely to be enacted in real time, (b) IIs reminding participants to cognitively motivate themselves or engage in solitary activity would be more likely to be enacted than those suggesting seeking social support, and (c) II plan enactment based on the above strategies would be associated with reporting momentary lapse avoidance. METHOD A sample of 57 Asian American young adult (18-25 years) smokers participated in a 4-week, mobile-based smoking cessation intervention, implemented in a Just-In-Time framework. User-specified IIs were categorized into nature of activity (cognitively motivate themselves, engage in solitary activity, seek social support) and type of substitution strategy (food, nicotine, no substitution). Outcome variable was momentary enactment of the given II. Generalized mixed linear models were used for analyses. RESULTS IIs reminding participants to cognitively motivate themselves and/or engage in solitary activities were more likely to be enacted than IIs recommending seeking social support. IIs recommending nicotine-based substitution were more likely to be enacted than IIs that did not specify any substitution. IIs suggesting food-based substitution, however, were less likely to be enacted than those not suggesting a specific substitution. II plan enactment based on the above strategies was significantly associated with avoiding momentary lapses compared to when momentary lapses occurred. CONCLUSION Specifying II recommendations found to be helpful with avoiding lapses in a smoking cessation context, can increase chances of II enactment, and improve overall health intervention outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Majmundar
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA.
| | - Christian Cerrada
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
| | - William Fang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jimi Huh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 N. Soto Street, 3rd Floor, Los Angeles, CA, 90032, USA
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Simmons VN, Sutton SK, Meltzer LR, Martinez U, Palmer AM, Meade CD, Jacobsen PB, McCaffrey JC, Haura EB, Brandon TH. Preventing smoking relapse in patients with cancer: A randomized controlled trial. Cancer 2020; 126:5165-5172. [PMID: 32902856 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abstaining from smoking after a cancer diagnosis is critical to mitigating the risk of multiple adverse health outcomes. Although many patients with cancer attempt to quit smoking, the majority relapse. The current randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of adapting an evidence-based smoking relapse prevention (SRP) intervention for patients with cancer. METHODS The trial enrolled 412 patients newly diagnosed with cancer who had recently quit smoking. Participants were randomized to usual care (UC) or SRP. Participants in the UC group received the institution's standard of care for treating tobacco use. Participants in the SRP group in addition received a targeted educational DVD plus a validated self-help intervention for preventing smoking relapse. The primary outcome was smoking abstinence at 2 months, 6 months, and 12 months. RESULTS Abstinence rates for participants in the SRP and UC groups were 75% versus 71% at 2 months and 69% versus 64% at 6 months (Ps > .20). At 12 months, abstinence rates among survivors were 68% for those in the SRP group and 63% for those in the UC group (P = .38). Post hoc analyses revealed that across 2 months and 6 months, patients who were married/partnered were more likely to be abstinent after SRP than UC (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS A smoking relapse prevention intervention did not reduce relapse rates overall, but did appear to have benefited those participants who had the social support of a partner. Future work is needed to extend this effect to the larger population of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani N Simmons
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Steven K Sutton
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Lauren R Meltzer
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Ursula Martinez
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Amanda M Palmer
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Cathy D Meade
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Nursing, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
| | - Paul B Jacobsen
- Healthcare Delivery Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Judith C McCaffrey
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Eric B Haura
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
| | - Thomas H Brandon
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida
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White JS, Toussaert S, Thrul J, Bontemps-Jones J, Abroms L, Westmaas JL. Peer Mentoring and Automated Text Messages for Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Pilot Trial. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:371-380. [PMID: 30892616 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Text-messaging programs for smoking cessation, while efficacious, have high dropout rates. To address this problem, we developed and tested the feasibility and early efficacy of a peer-mentoring intervention for smoking cessation provided by former smokers. METHODS Adult US smokers were recruited nationally into a randomized pilot trial (N = 200), comparing 6-8 weeks of automated text-messaging support (SmokefreeTXT) and automated text support plus personalized texts from a peer mentor who formerly smoked. The primary outcome was biochemically verified 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at 3 months post-quit date, assessed on an intention-to-treat basis (missing = smoking). Self-reported abstinence, program acceptability, user engagement, and user perceptions were also assessed. RESULTS Biochemically verified abstinence at 3 months was 7.9% (8/101) in the intervention group and 3.0% (3/99) in the control group (adjusted difference 6.5, 95% CI = 0.7% to 12.3%; p = .03). Self-reported abstinence at 3 months was 23.8% (24/101) in the intervention group versus 13.1% (13/99) in the control group (adjusted difference 12.7, 95% CI = 1.2% to 24.1%; p = .03). The intervention had a positive but insignificant effect on overall satisfaction (78.3% vs. 72.9% control group, p = .55). Having a mentor did not significantly alter duration of interaction with the program nor the proportion unsubscribing, although the intervention group reset their quit date with greater frequency (p < .01) and sent more messages (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Peer mentoring combined with automated text messages was feasible and acceptable and increased smoking abstinence compared with automated messages alone. The results highlight the promise of this intervention approach and the need for a full-scale evaluation. IMPLICATIONS Providing quitting assistance by automated text messaging has been shown to increase smoking abstinence. Yet, dropout rates in text-messaging programs are high. No studies have tested the effectiveness of peer mentors who are former smokers as part of a text-messaging intervention, although they represent a promising way to retain, engage, and support smokers. This randomized pilot trial suggests that peer mentors can complement automated text-messaging programs to promote smoking abstinence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin S White
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, CA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA
| | | | - Johannes Thrul
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Lorien Abroms
- Department of Prevention and Community Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - J Lee Westmaas
- Behavioral and Epidemiology Research Group, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA
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Tedeschi GJ, Zoref LS, Cummins SE, Zhu SH. Targeting Nonsmokers to Help Smokers Quit: Features of a Large-scale Intervention. Tob Use Insights 2020; 13:1179173X20943565. [PMID: 32753992 PMCID: PMC7378709 DOI: 10.1177/1179173x20943565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking continues to be a major public health problem, despite a substantial
decline in prevalence rates over the last decades. Quit smoking interventions
typically target smokers, whether through individual or group treatment or
through broader public health campaigns. Yet, nonsmokers represent a vast and
largely untapped resource to help smokers quit. This article describes an
innovative approach that targeted nonsmokers through a media-style campaign with
repeated reminders about smoking cessation. We tested the nonsmoker intervention
in a large randomized trial and showed it to be effective in helping smokers
quit. Components of the intervention included repeated mailings with relevant
cessation messages over a 10-week period, 2 brief check-in telephone calls, and
access to a study Web site. In this article, we discuss details of the
intervention development, content, and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary J Tedeschi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Leslie S Zoref
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sharon E Cummins
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shu-Hong Zhu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Poureslami I, Shum J, Aran N, Tregobov N. Chinese- and English-speaking adult current smokers' perspectives on smoking and culturally and linguistically appropriate cessation: a qualitative analysis. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2020; 15:23. [PMID: 32631420 PMCID: PMC7339422 DOI: 10.1186/s13722-020-00197-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate smoking cessation intervention programs exist among Chinese-Canadian communities. Smoking cessation programs that are provided in Canadian mainstream culture and language have shown limited effectiveness in altering smoking behaviours of smokers from these communities. Our study aimed to explore and compare smoking patterns, knowledge, beliefs, and risk perceptions of adult current smokers between Chinese- and English-speaking Canadians participating in a culturally and linguistically tailored smoking cessation program. METHODS AND DESIGN A qualitative study embedded in an effectiveness study using an 8-month quasi-experimental design, was conducted to compare the effects of four one-on-one culturally and linguistically sensitive consultation sessions (intervention group) and three telephone follow-up assessments (control group). All participants were provided take-home educational materials (designed exclusively for this study), and completed study questionnaires at baseline and 6-month post-intervention. An 8-month post-intervention phone assessment was conducted with all participants to assess cessation progress and maintenance. PARTICIPANTS 70 Chinese- and English-speaking adult (aged 19-80) current smokers (≥ 5 cigarettes per day) residing in the Greater Vancouver Area, Canada, were recruited between May 2018 and April 2019. DATA ANALYSIS Thematic analysis was conducted on self-reported qualitative information from study questionnaires and verbatim transcripts of in-person consultations and telephone follow-ups. Cultural- and demographic-related themes were considered. RESULTS Perceptions of smoking patterns, smoking status, triggers, and barriers to smoking cessation were identified. Important elements of smoking cessation program, including facilitator characteristics, duration, procedures, cultural factors, and topics were also identified. Differences in perceptions of smoking were observed between gender and language groups. Stress was a major trigger for smoking in both language groups. An individual's social network was reported as the largest barrier to successful cessation for Chinese-speaking participants. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides knowledge and information to further examine the role of risk perception (realization of the possible harms of smoking) in smoking cessation to facilitate the development of future interventions that could more effectively promote smoking cessation among new immigrants and within ethnocultural communities. We found that our program was generally accepted by smokers in both language groups and the participants reported that they were able to apply the strategies learned in the intervention during their quit smoking plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Poureslami
- UBC, Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Division, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation (C2E2), Vancouver General Hospital - Research Pavilion, 716-828 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada.
| | - Jessica Shum
- UBC, Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Division, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation (C2E2), Vancouver General Hospital - Research Pavilion, 716-828 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Niloufar Aran
- UBC, Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Division, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation (C2E2), Vancouver General Hospital - Research Pavilion, 716-828 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Noah Tregobov
- UBC, Faculty of Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Division, Centre for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation (C2E2), Vancouver General Hospital - Research Pavilion, 716-828 West 10th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
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Hasan MZ, Cohen JE, Bishai D, Kennedy CE, Rao KD, Ahuja A, Gupta S. Social capital and peer influence of tobacco consumption: a cross-sectional study among household heads in rural Uttar Pradesh, India. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e037202. [PMID: 32606063 PMCID: PMC7328809 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Having the world's second-largest tobacco-consuming population, tobacco control is a priority agenda of the Indian Government. Yet, there is no evidence of how peer influence and nature of social relationships-defined as social capital-affect tobacco use. This study aimed to explore the role of social capital and peer influence on tobacco consumption among household heads in rural Uttar Pradesh (UP), India. DESIGN AND SETTING This study was embedded within the baseline evaluation of Project Samuday. A cross-sectional multistage cluster survey was implemented in six census blocks of Hardoi and Sitapur districts of UP from June to August 2017. Self-reported tobacco consumption status of randomly selected 6218 household heads (≥18 years; men vs women=5312 vs 906) was assessed from 346 rural communities. Peer influence of tobacco use was measured by the non-self cluster proportion of tobacco consumption among respondents. Community engagement, social support, trust and social cohesion were separately measured as unique facets of social capital both at individual and community levels using the Shortened Adapted Social Capital Assessment Tool in India (SASCAT-I). The explanatory power of covariates was assessed using gender-stratified generalised estimating equations (GEE) with robust-variance estimator. RESULT Tobacco consumption patterns were starkly different for men and women (71% vs 14%). The peer influence only affected men (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=1.10, 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.16, p<0.01), whereas women were more likely to consume tobacco if they were more engaged with community organisations (AOR=1.33, 95% CI=1.07 to 1.66, p<0.01). CONCLUSION Gender alters the way social engagement affects tobacco use in rural India. Countering peer influence on Indian men should be prioritised as a tobacco control strategy. Moreover, as gender mainstreaming is a critical egalitarian agenda in India, further research is needed to understand how social engagement affects tobacco consumption behaviours among women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zabir Hasan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Joanna E Cohen
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Institute for Global Tobacco Control (IGTC), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - David Bishai
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Caitlin E Kennedy
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Krishna D Rao
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Akshay Ahuja
- School of Public Policy, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Shivam Gupta
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Evolutionary Processes in Quantum Decision Theory. ENTROPY 2020; 22:e22060681. [PMID: 33286454 PMCID: PMC7517214 DOI: 10.3390/e22060681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The review presents the basics of quantum decision theory, with an emphasis on temporary processes in decision making. The aim is to explain the principal points of the theory. How an operationally-testable, rational choice between alternatives differs from a choice decorated by irrational feelings is elucidated. Quantum-classical correspondence is emphasized. A model of quantum intelligence network is described. Dynamic inconsistencies are shown to be resolved in the frame of the quantum decision theory.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the relationships between tobacco, social support, job satisfaction, and depression among truck drivers. METHODS Cross-sectional data were collected from 797 truck drivers in six US states. Data collected included self-reported medical history and biological samples. Modified Zung depression scale and Work Apgar scores were used to measure depression and social support. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (OR). RESULTS 24.0% of tobacco users were in the least depressed category and 18.2% were most depressed. 22.8% of the tobacco users had the most social support compared with 27.9% of the non-users. Drivers in the two most depressed categories were significantly less likely to use tobacco (OR = 0.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.39-0.96, and OR = 0.64, 95% CI = 0.41-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Drivers with low social support or low levels of depression are more likely to be tobacco users.
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Stevens M, Cruwys T, Murray K. Social support facilitates physical activity by reducing pain. Br J Health Psychol 2020; 25:576-595. [DOI: 10.1111/bjhp.12424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Stevens
- Research School of Psychology The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Tegan Cruwys
- Research School of Psychology The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Kristen Murray
- Research School of Psychology The Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
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Puljević C, Segan CJ. Systematic Review of Factors Influencing Smoking Following Release From Smoke-Free Prisons. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 21:1011-1020. [PMID: 29733380 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/nty088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Given the current proliferation of prison smoke-free policies internationally, and the multiple benefits of continued smoking abstinence for correctional populations, improved understanding of factors influencing postrelease smoking abstinence is required to inform support strategies aimed at individuals exiting smoke-free prisons. METHODS We systematically searched health, social science, and criminal justice databases for studies relating to smoking behaviors among people released from smoke-free prisons. Studies were included if: they were published between January 1, 2000 and July 26, 2017; they were published in English; the population was people who were incarcerated or formerly incarcerated in prisons with total smoke-free policies; and the reported outcomes included measures of: (1) prerelease intention to smoke or remain abstinent from smoking following release, (2) smoking relapse or abstinence following release, or (3) quit attempts following postrelease smoking relapse. Both authors independently screened returned citations to assess eligibility and reviewed studies for methodological quality using the Effective Public Health Practice Project's Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies. RESULTS Fifteen of 121 publications were included. The evidence base in this area is small, almost exclusively US-based, and is mostly methodologically weak. Interventions delivered both pre and postrelease, that strengthen intention to quit, integrate with other substance-use treatment, and facilitate social support for quitting may help maintain postrelease smoking abstinence. CONCLUSIONS There is an urgent need for high-quality research to inform interventions to reduce high smoking relapse rates upon release from smoke-free prisons, to extend the multiple benefits of continued smoking abstinence into the community. IMPLICATIONS Interventions designed to help people remain abstinent from tobacco following release from smoke-free prisons are an important opportunity to improve the health, finances, and well-being of this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheneal Puljević
- Griffith Criminology Institute, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia.,Queensland Alcohol and Drug Research and Education Centre, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,The Institute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Catherine J Segan
- Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.,Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Dadipoor S, Kok G, Heyrani A, Aghamolaei T, Ghaffari M, Ghanbarnezhad A. Explaining the determinants of hookah smoking cessation among southern Iranian women: a qualitative study. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2020.1736663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Dadipoor
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Gerjo Kok
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ali Heyrani
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Teamur Aghamolaei
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohtasham Ghaffari
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Ghanbarnezhad
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Akers L, Andrews JA, Lichtenstein E, Severson HH, Gordon JS. Effect of a Responsiveness-Based Support Intervention on Smokeless Tobacco Cessation: The UCare-ChewFree Randomized Clinical Trial. Nicotine Tob Res 2020; 22:381-389. [PMID: 31070741 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntz074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Partner behaviors and attitudes can motivate or undermine a tobacco user's cessation efforts. We developed a multimedia intervention, UCare (Understanding-CAring-REspect) for women who wanted their male partner to quit smokeless tobacco (ST), based on perceived partner responsiveness-the empirically based theory that support is best received when the supporter conveys respect, understanding, and caring. METHODS One thousand one hundred three women were randomized to receive either immediate access to the UCare website and printed booklet (Intervention; N = 552), or a Delayed Treatment control (N = 551). We assessed supportive behaviors and attitudes at baseline and 6-week follow-up, and the ST-using partner's abstinence at 6 weeks and 7.5 months (surrogate report). RESULTS For partners of women assigned to Intervention, 7.0% had quit all tobacco at 7.5 months, compared with 6.6% for control (χ2 (1, n = 1088) = .058, p = .810). For partners of women completing the intervention, 12.4% had quit all tobacco at 7.5 months, compared with 6.6% for Delayed Treatment (χ2 (1, n = 753) = 6.775, p = .009). A previously reported change in responsiveness-based behaviors and instrumental behaviors at 6 weeks mediated 7.5-month cessation, and change in responsiveness-based attitudes mediated the change in responsiveness-based behaviors, indirectly increasing cessation. CONCLUSIONS A responsiveness-based intervention with female partners of male ST users improved supportive attitudes and behaviors, leading to higher cessation rates among tobacco users not actively seeking to quit. The study demonstrates the potential for responsiveness as a basis for effective intervention with supporters. This approach may reach tobacco users who would not directly seek help. IMPLICATIONS This study demonstrates the value of a responsiveness-based intervention (showing respect, understanding, and caring) in training partners to provide support for a loved one to quit ST. In a randomized clinical trial, 1,103 women married to or living with a ST user were randomized to receive the UCare-ChewFree intervention (website + booklet) or a Delayed Treatment control. Women completing the intervention were more likely to improve their behaviors and attitudes, and change in behaviors and attitudes mediated cessation outcomes for their partners, who had not enrolled in the study and may not have been seeking to quit. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01885221.
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How men receive and utilise partner support when trying to change their diet and physical activity within a men's weight management programme. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:199. [PMID: 32033544 PMCID: PMC7006401 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8213-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impacts of interventions designed to change health behaviours are potentially affected by the complex social systems in which they are embedded. This study uses Scottish data to explore how men receive and utilise partner support when attempting to change dietary practices and physical activity within the context of Football Fans in Training (FFIT), a gender-sensitised weight management and healthy living programme for men who are overweight/obese. METHODS Separate semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted with 20 men and their cohabiting female partners (total n = 40), 3-12 months after the men had completed FFIT. Data were thematically analysed and individual interviews were combined for dyadic analysis. RESULTS Men's and women's accounts suggested variations in men's need for, and utilisation of, partner support in order to make changes to dietary practices and physical activity. There were also differences in descriptions of women's involvement in men's behaviour changes. Typologies were developed categorising men as 'resolute', 'reliant'/'receptive' and 'non-responsive' and women as 'very involved', 'partially involved' and 'not involved'. Men were more reliant, and women more involved, in changes to dietary practices compared to physical activity. The role of partner involvement in promoting men's behaviour change seemed contingent on men's resoluteness, or their reliance on the partner support. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight how interactions between men's resoluteness/reliance on cohabiting female partners and the partners' involvement impact the extent to which female partners influence men's changes to dietary practices and physical activity following a weight loss intervention. Understanding this interaction could increase the impact of health interventions aimed at one individual's behaviour by considering other family members' roles in facilitating those changes. The typologies developed for this study might contribute towards the development of behaviour change theories within the cohabiting couple context.
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