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Chen C, Wu Q, Yue J, Wang X, Wang C, Wei R, Li R, Jin G, Chen T, Chen P. A cyclic nucleotide-gated channel gene HcCNGC21 positively regulates salt and drought stress responses in kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 345:112111. [PMID: 38734143 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels (CNGCs) serve as Ca2+ permeable cation transport pathways, which are involved in the regulation of various biological functions such as plant cell ion selective permeability, growth and development, responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. At the present study, a total of 31 CNGC genes were identified and bioinformatically analyzed in kenaf. Among these genes, HcCNGC21 characterized to localize at the plasma membrane, with the highest expression levels in leaves, followed by roots. In addition, HcCNGC21 could be significantly induced under salt or drought stress. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of HcCNGC21 in kenaf caused notable growth inhibition under salt or drought stress, characterized by reductions in plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, root length, root surface area, and root tip number. Meanwhile, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly decreased, accompanied by reduced levels of osmoregulatory substances and total chlorophyll content. However, ROS accumulation and Na+ content increased. The expression of stress-responsive genes, such as HcSOD, HcPOD, HcCAT, HcERF3, HcNAC29, HcP5CS, HcLTP, and HcNCED, was significantly downregulated in these silenced lines. However, under salt or drought stress, the physiological performance and expression of stress-related genes in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants overexpressing HcCNGC21 were diametrically opposite to those of TRV2-HcCNGC21 kenaf line. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays revealed that HcCNGC21 interacts with HcAnnexin D1. These findings collectively underscore the positive role of HcCNGC21 in plant resistance to salt and drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canni Chen
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Qijing Wu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jiao Yue
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Xu Wang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Caijin Wang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Rujian Wei
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ru Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Gang Jin
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Peng Chen
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Breeding and Germplasm Innovation, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products safety, Nanning 530004, China.
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Ohm H, Åstrand J, Ceplitis A, Bengtsson D, Hammenhag C, Chawade A, Grimberg Å. Novel SNP markers for flowering and seed quality traits in faba bean ( Vicia faba L.): characterization and GWAS of a diversity panel. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1348014. [PMID: 38510437 PMCID: PMC10950902 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1348014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a legume crop grown in diverse climates worldwide. It has a high potential for increased cultivation to meet the need for more plant-based proteins in human diets, a prerequisite for a more sustainable food production system. Characterization of diversity panels of crops can identify variation in and genetic markers for target traits of interest for plant breeding. In this work, we collected a diversity panel of 220 accessions of faba bean from around the world consisting of gene bank material and commercially available cultivars. The aims of this study were to quantify the phenotypic diversity in target traits to analyze the impact of breeding on these traits, and to identify genetic markers associated with traits through a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Characterization under field conditions at Nordic latitude across two years revealed a large genotypic variation and high broad-sense heritability for eleven agronomic and seed quality traits. Pairwise correlations showed that seed yield was positively correlated to plant height, number of seeds per plant, and days to maturity. Further, susceptibility to bean weevil damage was significantly higher for early flowering accessions and accessions with larger seeds. In this study, no yield penalty was found for higher seed protein content, but protein content was negatively correlated to starch content. Our results showed that while breeding advances in faba bean germplasm have resulted in increased yields and number of seeds per plant, they have also led to a selection pressure towards delayed onset of flowering and maturity. DArTseq genotyping identified 6,606 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by alignment to the faba bean reference genome. These SNPs were used in a GWAS, revealing 51 novel SNP markers significantly associated with ten of the assessed traits. Three markers for days to flowering were found in predicted genes encoding proteins for which homologs in other plant species regulate flowering. Altogether, this work enriches the growing pool of phenotypic and genotypic data on faba bean as a valuable resource for developing efficient breeding strategies to expand crop cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Ohm
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Lomma, Sweden
| | - Johanna Åstrand
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Lomma, Sweden
- Lantmännen Agriculture, Plant Breeding, Svalöv, Sweden
| | - Alf Ceplitis
- Lantmännen Agriculture, Plant Breeding, Svalöv, Sweden
| | | | - Cecilia Hammenhag
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Lomma, Sweden
| | - Aakash Chawade
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Lomma, Sweden
| | - Åsa Grimberg
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Lomma, Sweden
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Kim EY, Kim MH, Yun SD, Lee SK, Kim EJ, Kim JH, Oh SA, Kim YJ, Jung KH, Park SK. Redundant role of OsCNGC4 and OsCNGC5 encoding cyclic nucleotide-gated channels in rice pollen germination and tube growth. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 208:108522. [PMID: 38493663 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In staple crops, such as rice (Oryza sativa L.), pollen plays a crucial role in seed production. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying rice pollen germination and tube growth remain underexplored. Notably, we recently uncovered the redundant expression and mutual interaction of two rice genes encoding cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs), OsCNGC4 and OsCNGC5, in mature pollen. Building on these findings, the current study focused on clarifying the functional roles of these two genes in pollen germination and tube growth. To overcome functional redundancy, we produced gene-edited rice plants with mutations in both genes using the CRISPR-Cas9 system. The resulting homozygous OsCNGC4 and OsCNGC5 gene-edited mutants (oscngc4/5) exhibited significantly lower pollen germination rates than the wild type (WT), along with severely reduced fertility. Transcriptome analysis of the double oscngc4/5 mutant revealed downregulation of genes related to receptor kinases, transporters, and cell wall metabolism. To identify the direct regulators of OsCNGC4, which form a heterodimer with OsCNGC5, we screened a yeast two-hybrid library containing rice cDNAs from mature anthers. Subsequently, we identified two calmodulin isoforms (CaM1-1 and CaM1-2), NETWORKED 2 A (NET2A), and proline-rich extension-like receptor kinase 13 (PERK13) proteins as interactors of OsCNGC4, suggesting its roles in regulating Ca2+ channel activity and F-actin organization. Overall, our results suggest that OsCNGC4 and OsCNGC5 may play critical roles in pollen germination and elongation by regulating the Ca2+ gradient in growing pollen tubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Young Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea; Genomics Division, Department of Agricultural Bio-Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wansan-gu, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Dae Yun
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Kyoung Lee
- Graduate School of Green Bio-Science & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Jung Kim
- Graduate School of Green Bio-Science & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Aeong Oh
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Green Bio-Science & Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea.
| | - Soon Ki Park
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Kang X, Zhao L, Liu X. Calcium Signaling and the Response to Heat Shock in Crop Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:324. [PMID: 38203495 PMCID: PMC10778685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change and the increasing frequency of high temperature (HT) events are significant threats to global crop yields. To address this, a comprehensive understanding of how plants respond to heat shock (HS) is essential. Signaling pathways involving calcium (Ca2+), a versatile second messenger in plants, encode information through temporal and spatial variations in ion concentration. Ca2+ is detected by Ca2+-sensing effectors, including channels and binding proteins, which trigger specific cellular responses. At elevated temperatures, the cytosolic concentration of Ca2+ in plant cells increases rapidly, making Ca2+ signals the earliest response to HS. In this review, we discuss the crucial role of Ca2+ signaling in raising plant thermotolerance, and we explore its multifaceted contributions to various aspects of the plant HS response (HSR).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liqun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China;
| | - Xiaotong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Research Center of the Basic Discipline of Cell Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China;
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Peng S, Li P, Li T, Tian Z, Xu R. GhCNGC13 and 32 Act as Critical Links between Growth and Immunity in Cotton. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:1. [PMID: 38203172 PMCID: PMC10778622 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGCs) remain poorly studied in crop plants, most of which are polyploid. In allotetraploid Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), silencing GhCNGC13 and 32 impaired plant growth and shoot apical meristem (SAM) development, while triggering plant autoimmunity. Both growth hormones (indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellin) and stress hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and jasmonate) increased, while leaf photosynthesis decreased. The silenced plants exhibited an enhanced resistance to Botrytis cinerea; however, Verticillium wilt resistance was weakened, which was associated with LIPOXYGENASE2 (LOX2) downregulation. Transcriptomic analysis of silenced plants revealed 4835 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with functional enrichment in immunity and photosynthesis. These DEGs included a set of transcription factors with significant over-representation in the HSF, NAC, and WRKY families. Moreover, numerous members of the GhCNGC family were identified among the DEGs, which may indicate a coordinated action. Collectively, our results suggested that GhCNGC13 and 32 functionally link to photosynthesis, plant growth, and plant immunity. We proposed that GhCNGC13 and 32 play a critical role in the "growth-defense tradeoff" widely observed in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Peng
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Panyu Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Tianming Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zengyuan Tian
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruqiang Xu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (S.P.); (P.L.); (T.L.)
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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Lin R, Song J, Tang M, Wang L, Yu J, Zhou Y. CALMODULIN6 negatively regulates cold tolerance by attenuating ICE1-dependent stress responses in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2105-2121. [PMID: 37565524 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Chilling temperatures induce an increase in cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+) ions to transmit cold signals, but the precise role of Calmodulins (CaMs), a type of Ca2+ sensor, in plant tolerance to cold stress remains elusive. In this study, we characterized a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) CaM gene, CALMODULIN6 (CaM6), which responds to cold stimulus. Overexpressing CaM6 increased tomato sensitivity to cold stress whereas silencing CaM6 resulted in a cold-insensitive phenotype. We showed that CaM6 interacts with Inducer of CBF expression 1 (ICE1) in a Ca2+-independent process and ICE1 contributes to cold tolerance in tomato plants. By integrating RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing (ChIP-seq) assays, we revealed that ICE1 directly altered the expression of 76 downstream cold-responsive (COR) genes that potentially confer cold tolerance to tomato plants. Moreover, the physical interaction of CaM6 with ICE1 attenuated ICE1 transcriptional activity during cold stress. These findings reveal that CaM6 attenuates the cold tolerance of tomato plants by suppressing ICE1-dependent COR gene expression. We propose a CaM6/ICE1 module in which ICE1 is epistatic to CaM6 under cold stress. Our study sheds light on the mechanism of plant response to cold stress and reveals CaM6 is involved in the regulation of ICE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lin
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jianing Song
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Mingjia Tang
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Lingyu Wang
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jingquan Yu
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plants Growth and Development, Agricultural Ministry of China, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, PR China
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Zhu T, Yang SL, De Smet I. It is time to move: Heat-induced translocation events. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 75:102406. [PMID: 37354735 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-induced temperature fluctuations impact agricultural productivity through short-term intense heat waves or long-term heat stress. Plants have evolved sophisticated strategies to deal with heat stress. Understanding perception and transduction of heat signals from outside to inside cells is essential to improve plant thermotolerance. In this review, we will focus on translocation of molecules and proteins associated with signal transduction to understand how plant cells decode signals from the environment to trigger a suitable response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shao-Li Yang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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Pagano A, Kunz L, Dittmann A, Araújo SDS, Macovei A, Shridhar Gaonkar S, Sincinelli F, Wazeer H, Balestrazzi A. Changes in Medicago truncatula seed proteome along the rehydration-dehydration cycle highlight new players in the genotoxic stress response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1188546. [PMID: 37409306 PMCID: PMC10319343 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1188546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Several molecular aspects underlying the seed response to priming and the resulting vigor profile are still poorly understood. Mechanisms involved in genome maintenance deserve attention since the balance between stimulation of germination and DNA damage accumulation versus active repair is a key determinant for designing successful seed priming protocols. Methods Changes in the Medicago truncatula seed proteome were investigated in this study, using discovery mass spectrometry and label-free quantification, along the rehydration-dehydration cycle of a standard vigorization treatment (hydropriming plus dry-back), and during post-priming imbibition. Resuts and discussion From 2056 to 2190 proteins were detected in each pairwise comparison, among which six were differentially accumulated and 36 were detected only in one condition. The following proteins were selected for further investigation: MtDRP2B (DYNAMIN-RELATED PROTEIN), MtTRXm4 (THIOREDOXIN m4), and MtASPG1 (ASPARTIC PROTEASE IN GUARD CELL 1) showing changes in seeds under dehydration stress; MtITPA (INOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE PYROPHOSPHORYLASE), MtABA2 (ABSCISIC ACID DEFICIENT 2), MtRS2Z32 (SERINE/ARGININE-RICH SPLICING FACTOR RS2Z32), and MtAQR (RNA HELICASE AQUARIUS) that were differentially regulated during post-priming imbibition. Changes in the corresponding transcript levels were assessed by qRT-PCR. In animal cells, ITPA hydrolyses 2'-deoxyinosine triphosphate and other inosine nucleotides, preventing genotoxic damage. A proof of concept was performed by imbibing primed and control M. truncatula seeds in presence/absence of 20 mM 2'-deoxyinosine (dI). Results from comet assay highlighted the ability of primed seeds to cope with dI-induced genotoxic damage. The seed repair response was assessed by monitoring the expression profiles of MtAAG (ALKYL-ADENINE DNA GLYCOSILASE) and MtEndoV (ENDONUCLEASE V) genes that participate in the repair of the mismatched I:T pair in BER (base excision repair) and AER (alternative excision repair) pathways, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pagano
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Kunz
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (FGCZ), University of Zurich/Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antje Dittmann
- Functional Genomics Center Zurich (FGCZ), University of Zurich/Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susana De Sousa Araújo
- Association BLC3 - Campus of Technology and Innovation, Centre BIO R&D Unit | North Delegation, Macedo de Cavaleiros, Portugal
| | - Anca Macovei
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Federico Sincinelli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Hisham Wazeer
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alma Balestrazzi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology ‘L. Spallanzani’, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, Italy
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Zhang N, Lin H, Zeng Q, Fu D, Gao X, Wu J, Feng X, Wang Q, Ling Q, Wu Z. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel (CNGC) gene family in Saccharum spontaneum. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:281. [PMID: 37231370 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09307-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels (CNGCs) are nonselective cation channels that are ubiquitous in eukaryotic organisms. As Ca2+ channels, some CNGCs have also proven to be K+-permeable and involved in plant development and responses to environmental stimuli. Sugarcane is an important sugar and energy crop worldwide. However, reports on CNGC genes in sugarcane are limited. RESULTS In this study, 16 CNGC genes and their alleles were identified from Saccharum spontaneum and classified into 5 groups based on phylogenetic analysis. Investigation of gene duplication and syntenic relationships between S. spontaneum and both rice and Arabidopsis demonstrated that the CNGC gene family in S. spontaneum expanded primarily by segmental duplication events. Many SsCNGCs showed variable expression during growth and development as well as in tissues, suggesting functional divergence. Light-responsive cis-acting elements were discovered in the promoters of all the identified SsCNGCs, and the expression of most of the SsCNGCs showed a diurnal rhythm. In sugarcane, the expression of some SsCNGCs was regulated by low-K+ treatment. Notably, SsCNGC13 may be involved in both sugarcane development and its response to environmental stimuli, including response to low-K+ stress. CONCLUSION This study identified the CNGC genes in S. spontaneum and provided insights into the transcriptional regulation of these SsCNGCs during development, circadian rhythm and under low-K+ stress. These findings lay a theoretical foundation for future investigations of the CNGC gene family in sugarcane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Zhang
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Huanzhang Lin
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China
- Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Qiaoying Zeng
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Danwen Fu
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Xiaoning Gao
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Jiayun Wu
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Xiaomin Feng
- Rice Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qinnan Wang
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China
| | - Qiuping Ling
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China.
| | - Zilin Wu
- Guangdong Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Engineering Center, Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316, China.
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Reimann TM, Müdsam C, Schachtler C, Ince S, Sticht H, Herrmann C, Stürzl M, Kost B. The large GTPase AtGBPL3 links nuclear envelope formation and morphogenesis to transcriptional repression. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:766-784. [PMID: 37095224 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01400-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) are prominent regulators of immunity not known to be required for nuclear envelope formation and morphogenesis. Here we identify the Arabidopsis GBP orthologue AtGBPL3 as a lamina component with essential functions in mitotic nuclear envelope reformation, nuclear morphogenesis and transcriptional repression during interphase. AtGBPL3 is preferentially expressed in mitotically active root tips, accumulates at the nuclear envelope and interacts with centromeric chromatin as well as with lamina components transcriptionally repressing pericentromeric chromatin. Reduced expression of AtGBPL3 or associated lamina components similarly altered nuclear morphology and caused overlapping transcriptional deregulation. Investigating the dynamics of AtGBPL3-GFP and other nuclear markers during mitosis (1) revealed that AtGBPL3 accumulation on the surface of daughter nuclei precedes nuclear envelope reformation and (2) uncovered defects in this process in roots of AtGBPL3 mutants, which cause programmed cell death and impair growth. AtGBPL3 functions established by these observations are unique among dynamin-family large GTPases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Maria Reimann
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Müdsam
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Schachtler
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Semra Ince
- Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry 1, Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB), Bochum, Germany
| | - Heinrich Sticht
- Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Herrmann
- Physical and Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry 1, Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB), Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Stürzl
- Molecular and Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kost
- Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
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11
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Iosip AL, Scherzer S, Bauer S, Becker D, Krischke M, Al-Rasheid KAS, Schultz J, Kreuzer I, Hedrich R. DYSCALCULIA, a Venus flytrap mutant without the ability to count action potentials. Curr Biol 2023; 33:589-596.e5. [PMID: 36693369 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The Venus flytrap Dionaea muscipula estimates prey nutrient content by counting trigger hair contacts initiating action potentials (APs) and calcium waves traveling all over the trap.1,2,3 A first AP is associated with a subcritical rise in cytosolic calcium concentration, but when the second AP arrives in time, calcium levels pass the threshold required for fast trap closure. Consequently, memory function and decision-making are timed via a calcium clock.3,4 For higher numbers of APs elicited by the struggling prey, the Ca2+ clock connects to the networks governed by the touch hormone jasmonic acid (JA), which initiates slow, hermetic trap sealing and mining of the animal food stock.5 Two distinct phases of trap closure can be distinguished within Dionaea's hunting cycle: (1) very fast trap snapping requiring two APs and crossing of a critical cytosolic Ca2+ level and (2) JA-dependent slow trap sealing and prey processing induced by more than five APs. The Dionaea mutant DYSC is still able to fire touch-induced APs but does not snap close its traps and fails to enter the hunting cycle after prolonged mechanostimulation. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that upon trigger hair touch/AP stimulation, activation of calcium signaling is largely suppressed in DYSC traps. The observation that external JA application restored hunting cycle progression together with the DYSC phenotype and its transcriptional landscape indicates that DYSC cannot properly read, count, and decode touch/AP-induced calcium signals that are key in prey capture and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anda-Larisa Iosip
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany; Center for Computational and Theoretical Biology, University of Würzburg, Clara-Oppenheimer-Weg 32, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Scherzer
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Bauer
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Becker
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Krischke
- Pharmaceutical Biology, Julius-von-Sachs Institute of Biosciences, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Khaled A S Al-Rasheid
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jörg Schultz
- Center for Computational and Theoretical Biology, University of Würzburg, Clara-Oppenheimer-Weg 32, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ines Kreuzer
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany.
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12
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Jia B, Li Y, Sun X, Sun M. Structure, Function, and Applications of Soybean Calcium Transporters. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214220. [PMID: 36430698 PMCID: PMC9693241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycine max is a calcium-loving crop. The external application of calcium fertilizer is beneficial to the increase of soybean yield. Indeed, calcium is a vital nutrient in plant growth and development. As a core metal ion in signaling transduction, calcium content is maintained in dynamic balance under normal circumstances. Now, eight transporters were found to control the uptake and efflux of calcium. Though these calcium transporters have been identified through genome-wide analysis, only a few of them were functionally verified. Therefore, in this study, we summarized the current knowledge of soybean calcium transporters in structural features, expression characteristics, roles in stress response, and prospects. The above results will be helpful in understanding the function of cellular calcium transport and provide a theoretical basis for elevating soybean yield.
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13
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Lee SK, Lee SM, Kim MH, Park SK, Jung KH. Genome-Wide Analysis of Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel Genes Related to Pollen Development in Rice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223145. [PMID: 36432876 PMCID: PMC9692566 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In the angiosperm, pollen germinates and rapidly expands the pollen tube toward the ovule. This process is important for plant double fertilization and seed setting. It is well known that the tip-focused calcium gradient is essential for pollen germination and pollen tube growth. However, little is known about the Ca2+ channels that play a role in rice pollen germination and tube growth. Here, we divided the 16 cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) genes from rice into five subgroups and found two subgroups (clades II and III) have pollen-preferential genes. Then, we performed a meta-expression analysis of all OsCNGC genes in anatomical samples and identified three pollen-preferred OsCNGCs (OsCNGC4, OsCNGC5, and OsCNGC8). The subcellular localization of these OsCNGC proteins is matched with their roles as ion channels on the plasma membrane. Unlike other OsCNGCs, these genes have a unique cis-acting element in the promoter. OsCNGC4 can act by forming a homomeric complex or a heteromeric complex with OsCNGC5 or OsCNGC8. In addition, it was suggested that they can form a multi-complex with Mildew Resistance Locus O (MLO) protein or other types of ion transporters, and that their expression can be modulated by Ruptured Pollen tube (RUPO) encoding receptor-like kinase. These results shed light on understanding the regulatory mechanisms of pollen germination and pollen tube growth through calcium channels in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Kyoung Lee
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Min Lee
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Ki Park
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Green-Bio Science and Crop Biotech Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
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14
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Park CJ, Shin R. Calcium channels and transporters: Roles in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:964059. [PMID: 36161014 PMCID: PMC9493244 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.964059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) serves as a ubiquitous second messenger by mediating various signaling pathways and responding to numerous environmental conditions in eukaryotes. Therefore, plant cells have developed complex mechanisms of Ca2+ communication across the membrane, receiving the message from their surroundings and transducing the information into cells and organelles. A wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses cause the increase in [Ca2+]cyt as a result of the Ca2+ influx permitted by membrane-localized Ca2+ permeable cation channels such as CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATE CHANNELs (CNGCs), and voltage-dependent HYPERPOLARIZATION-ACTIVATED CALCIUM2+ PERMEABLE CHANNELs (HACCs), as well as GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-LIKE RECEPTORs (GLRs) and TWO-PORE CHANNELs (TPCs). Recently, resistosomes formed by some NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING LEUCINE-RICH REPEAT RECEPTORs (NLRs) are also proposed as a new type of Ca2+ permeable cation channels. On the contrary, some Ca2+ transporting membrane proteins, mainly Ca2+-ATPase and Ca2+/H+ exchangers, are involved in Ca2+ efflux for removal of the excessive [Ca2+]cyt in order to maintain the Ca2+ homeostasis in cells. The Ca2+ efflux mechanisms mediate the wide ranges of cellular activities responding to external and internal stimuli. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the recent discoveries of various membrane proteins involved in Ca2+ influx and efflux which play an essential role in fine-tuning the processing of information for plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jin Park
- Department of Bioresources Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ryoung Shin
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
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15
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Yuan J, Yu Z, Li Y, Shah SHA, Xiao D, Hou X, Li Y. Ectopic expression of BrIQD35 promotes drought stress tolerance in Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2022; 24:887-896. [PMID: 35377963 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant IQD gene family is responsive to a variety of stresses. In this study, we studied the structural features and functions of the gene BrIQD35 in Chinese cabbage, a member of the IQD gene family. BrIQD35 was cloned and shown to contain an IQ motif. Transient expression of BrIQD35 indicated that it was localized on the plasma membrane and was significantly upregulated under drought and salt stress in Chinese cabbage. To further identify the function of BrIQD35, it was heterologously overexpressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. Although there was no significant difference between BrIQD35-overexpressed and wild-type (WT) plants under salt stress, WT N. benthamiana showed more wilting than the BrIQD35-overexpressed plants under drought stress. Since the IQ motif has been annotated as a CaM binding site, yeast two-hybrid assays were used to explore the interaction between BrIQD35 and CaM. The results indicated that BrIQD35 interacts weakly with CaMb, but not with CaMa, suggesting that BrIQD35 may function through the Ca2+ -CaMb pathway. The findings reveal a novel gene involved in drought tolerance, which is important for plant breeding and quality improvement for Chinese cabbage.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Z Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - S H A Shah
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - D Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - X Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Engineering Research Center of Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Guihur A, Rebeaud ME, Bourgine B, Goloubinoff P. How do humans and plants feel the heat? TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:630-632. [PMID: 35361524 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The 2021 Nobel prize was awarded for the discovery of the animal thermosensory channel TRPV1. We highlight notable shared features with the higher plant thermosensory channel CNGC2/4. Both channels respond to temperature-induced changes in plasma membrane fluidity, leading to hyperphosphorylation of the HSF1 transcription factor via a specific heat-signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Guihur
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Mathieu E Rebeaud
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Baptiste Bourgine
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Goloubinoff
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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17
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Köster P, DeFalco TA, Zipfel C. Ca 2+ signals in plant immunity. EMBO J 2022; 41:e110741. [PMID: 35560235 PMCID: PMC9194748 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022110741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ions function as a key second messenger ion in eukaryotes. Spatially and temporally defined cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals are shaped through the concerted activity of ion channels, exchangers, and pumps in response to diverse stimuli; these signals are then decoded through the activity of Ca2+ -binding sensor proteins. In plants, Ca2+ signaling is central to both pattern- and effector-triggered immunity, with the generation of characteristic cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevations in response to potential pathogens being common to both. However, despite their importance, and a long history of scientific interest, the transport proteins that shape Ca2+ signals and their integration remain poorly characterized. Here, we discuss recent work that has both shed light on and deepened the mysteries of Ca2+ signaling in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Köster
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas A DeFalco
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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18
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Engineered CaM2 modulates nuclear calcium oscillation and enhances legume root nodule symbiosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2200099119. [PMID: 35324326 PMCID: PMC9060481 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2200099119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oscillations in intracellular calcium concentration play an essential role in the regulation of multiple cellular processes. In plants capable of root endosymbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and/or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, nuclear localized calcium oscillations are essential to transduce the microbial signal. Although the ion channels required to generate the nuclear localized calcium oscillations have been identified, their mechanisms of regulation are unknown. Here, we combined proteomics and engineering approaches to demonstrate that the calcium-bound form of the calmodulin 2 (CaM2) associates with CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE GATED CHANNEL 15 (CNGC15s), closing the channels and providing the negative feedback to sustain the oscillatory mechanism. We further unraveled that the engineered CaM2 accelerates early endosymbioses and enhanced root nodule symbiosis but not arbuscular mycorrhization. The key physiological event essential to the establishment of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and phosphate-delivering arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses is the induction of nuclear calcium oscillations that are required for endosymbioses. These regular fluctuations in nucleoplasmic calcium concentrations are generated by ion channels and a pump located at the nuclear envelope, including the CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE GATED CHANNEL 15 (CNGC15). However, how the CNGC15s are regulated in planta to sustain a calcium oscillatory mechanism remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the CNGC15s are regulated by the calcium-bound form of the calmodulin 2 (holo-CaM2), which, upon release of calcium, provides negative feedback to close the CNGC15s. Combining structural and evolutionary analyses of CaM residues with bioinformatic analysis, we engineered a holo-CaM2 with an increased affinity for CNGC15s. In planta, the expression of the engineered holo-CaM2 accelerates the calcium oscillation frequency, early endosymbioses signaling and is sufficient to sustain over time an enhanced root nodule symbiosis but not an increased arbuscular mycorrhization. Together, these results reveal that holo-CaM2 is a component of endosymbiosis signaling required to modulate CNGC15s activity and the downstream root nodule symbiosis pathway.
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19
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Yuan P, Tanaka K, Poovaiah BW. Calmodulin-binding transcription activator AtSR1/CAMTA3 fine-tunes plant immune response by transcriptional regulation of the salicylate receptor NPR1. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:3140-3154. [PMID: 34096631 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+ ) signalling regulates salicylic acid (SA)-mediated immune response through calmodulin-meditated transcriptional activators, AtSRs/CAMTAs, but its mechanism is not fully understood. Here, we report an AtSR1/CAMTA3-mediated regulatory mechanism involving the expression of the SA receptor, NPR1. Results indicate that the transcriptional expression of NPR1 was regulated by AtSR1 binding to a CGCG box in the NPR1 promotor. The atsr1 mutant exhibited resistance to the virulent strain of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst), however, was susceptible to an avirulent Pst strain carrying avrRpt2, due to the failure of the induction of hypersensitive responses. These resistant/susceptible phenotypes in the atsr1 mutant were reversed in the npr1 mutant background, suggesting that AtSR1 regulates NPR1 as a downstream target during plant immune response. The virulent Pst strain triggered a transient elevation in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, whereas the avirulent Pst strain triggered a prolonged change. The distinct Ca2+ signatures were decoded into the regulation of NPR1 expression through AtSR1's IQ motif binding with Ca2+ -free-CaM2, while AtSR1's calmodulin-binding domain with Ca2+ -bound-CaM2. These observations reveal a role for AtSR1 as a Ca2+ -mediated transcription regulator in controlling the NPR1-mediated plant immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiguo Yuan
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Kiwamu Tanaka
- Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - B W Poovaiah
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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20
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Bourgine B, Guihur A. Heat Shock Signaling in Land Plants: From Plasma Membrane Sensing to the Transcription of Small Heat Shock Proteins. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:710801. [PMID: 34434209 PMCID: PMC8381196 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.710801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress events are major factors limiting crop productivity. During summer days, land plants must anticipate in a timely manner upcoming mild and severe temperature. They respond by accumulating protective heat-shock proteins (HSPs), conferring acquired thermotolerance. All organisms synthetize HSPs; many of which are members of the conserved chaperones families. This review describes recent advances in plant temperature sensing, signaling, and response. We highlight the pathway from heat perception by the plasma membrane through calcium channels, such as cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, to the activation of the heat-shock transcription factors (HSFs). An unclear cellular signal activates HSFs, which act as essential regulators. In particular, the HSFA subfamily can bind heat shock elements in HSP promoters and could mediate the dissociation of bound histones, leading to HSPs transcription. Although plants can modulate their transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome to protect the cellular machinery, HSP chaperones prevent, use, and revert the formation of misfolded proteins, thereby avoiding heat-induced cell death. Remarkably, the HSP20 family is mostly tightly repressed at low temperature, suggesting that a costly mechanism can become detrimental under unnecessary conditions. Here, the role of HSP20s in response to HS and their possible deleterious expression at non-HS temperatures is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony Guihur
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Świeżawska-Boniecka B, Duszyn M, Kwiatkowski M, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K. Cross Talk Between Cyclic Nucleotides and Calcium Signaling Pathways in Plants-Achievements and Prospects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:643560. [PMID: 33664763 PMCID: PMC7921789 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.643560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A variety of plant cellular activities are regulated through mechanisms controlling the level of signal molecules, such as cyclic nucleotides (cNMPs, e.g., cyclic adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate, cAMP, and cyclic guanosine 3':5'- monophosphate, cGMP) and calcium ions (Ca2+). The mechanism regulating cNMP levels affects their synthesis, degradation, efflux and cellular distribution. Many transporters and the spatiotemporal pattern of calcium signals, which are transduced by multiple, tunable and often strategically positioned Ca2+-sensing elements, play roles in calcium homeostasis. Earlier studies have demonstrated that while cNMPs and Ca2+ can act separately in independent transduction pathways, they can interact and function together. Regardless of the context, the balance between Ca2+ and cNMP is the most important consideration. This balance seems to be crucial for effectors, such as phosphodiesterases, cyclic nucleotide gated channels and cyclase activity. Currently, a wide range of molecular biology techniques enable thorough analyses of cellular cross talk. In recent years, data have indicated relationships between calcium ions and cyclic nucleotides in mechanisms regulating specific signaling pathways. The purpose of this study is to summarize the current knowledge on nucleotide-calcium cross talk in plants.
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22
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Jarratt-Barnham E, Wang L, Ning Y, Davies JM. The Complex Story of Plant Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020874. [PMID: 33467208 PMCID: PMC7830781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) are tetrameric cation channels which may be activated by the cyclic nucleotides (cNMPs) adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP). The genome of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes 20 CNGC subunits associated with aspects of development, stress response and immunity. Recently, it has been demonstrated that CNGC subunits form heterotetrameric complexes which behave differently from the homotetramers produced by their constituent subunits. These findings have widespread implications for future signalling research and may help explain how specificity can be achieved by CNGCs that are known to act in disparate pathways. Regulation of complex formation may involve cyclic nucleotide-gated channel-like proteins.
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Xu L, Zong X, Wang J, Wei H, Chen X, Liu Q. Transcriptomic analysis reveals insights into the response to Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) in sweet cherry ( Prunus avium L.) fruits. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10005. [PMID: 33005494 PMCID: PMC7513744 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) is a member of the genus Hostuviroid of the family Pospiviroidae and has been found in a wide range of herbaceous and woody hosts. It causes serious dapple fruit symptoms on infected sweet cherry, notably inducing cherry tree decay. In order to better understand the molecular mechanisms of HSVd infection in sweet cherry fruit, transcriptome analysis of HSVd-infected and healthy sweet cherry fruits was carried out. A total of 1,572 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, involving 961 upregulated DEGs and 611 downregulated DEGs. Functional analysis indicated that the DEGs were mainly involved in plant hormone signal transduction, plant-pathogen interactions, secondary metabolism, and the MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, C2H2 zinc finger, MYB, bHLH, AP2/ERF, C2C2-dof, NAC and WRKY transcription factors can respond to HSVd infection. In order to confirm the high-throughput sequencing results, 16 DEGs were verified by RT-qPCR analysis. The results provided insight into the pathways and genes of sweet cherry fruit in response to HSVd infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Biotechnology Breeding of Shandong Province, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Zong
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Biotechnology Breeding of Shandong Province, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Biotechnology Breeding of Shandong Province, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hairong Wei
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Biotechnology Breeding of Shandong Province, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Biotechnology Breeding of Shandong Province, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingzhong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Fruit Biotechnology Breeding of Shandong Province, Shandong Institute of Pomology, Taian, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Dietrich P, Moeder W, Yoshioka K. Plant Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channels: New Insights on Their Functions and Regulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 184:27-38. [PMID: 32576644 PMCID: PMC7479878 DOI: 10.1104/pp.20.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances of plant cyclic nucleotide-gated channels give new insight into their molecular functions focusing on regulation, subunit assembly, and phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Dietrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Moeder
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Keiko Yoshioka
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B2, Canada
- Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3B2, Canada
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25
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Niu WT, Han XW, Wei SS, Shang ZL, Wang J, Yang DW, Fan X, Gao F, Zheng SZ, Bai JT, Zhang B, Wang ZX, Li B. Arabidopsis cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 6 is negatively modulated by multiple calmodulin isoforms during heat shock. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:90-104. [PMID: 31587070 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
An increased concentration of cytosolic Ca2+ is an early response of plant cells to heat shock. Arabidopsis cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channel 6 (CNGC6) mediates heat-induced Ca2+ influx and is activated by cAMP. However, it remains unclear how the Ca2+ conductivity of CNGC6 is negatively regulated under the elevated cytosolic Ca2+ concentration. In this study, Arabidopsis calmodulin isoforms CaM1/4, CaM2/3/5, CaM6, and CaM7 were found to bind to CNGC6 to varying degrees, and this binding was dependent on the presence of Ca2+ and IQ6, an atypical isoleucine-glutamine motif in CNGC6. Knockout of CaM2, CaM3, CaM5, and CaM7 genes led to a marked increase in plasma membrane inward Ca2+ current under heat shock conditions; however, knockout of CaM1, CaM4, and CaM6 genes had no significant effect on plasma membrane Ca2+ current. Moreover, the deletion of IQ6 from CNGC6 led to a marked increase in plasma membrane Ca2+ current under heat shock conditions. Taken together, the data suggest that CNGC6-mediated Ca2+ influx is likely to be negatively regulated by CaM2/3/5 and CaM7 isoforms under heat shock conditions, and that IQ6 plays an important role in CaM binding and the feedback regulation of the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Tao Niu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Xingtai University, Xingtai 054001, China
| | - Xiao-Wei Han
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, China
| | - Shan-Shan Wei
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Shang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - De-Wei Yang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Xiao Fan
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Shu-Zhi Zheng
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Jiao-Teng Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Zi-Xuan Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
| | - Bing Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
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26
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Yu X, Xu G, Li B, de Souza Vespoli L, Liu H, Moeder W, Chen S, de Oliveira MVV, Ariádina de Souza S, Shao W, Rodrigues B, Ma Y, Chhajed S, Xue S, Berkowitz GA, Yoshioka K, He P, Shan L. The Receptor Kinases BAK1/SERK4 Regulate Ca 2+ Channel-Mediated Cellular Homeostasis for Cell Death Containment. Curr Biol 2019; 29:3778-3790.e8. [PMID: 31679931 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell death is a vital and ubiquitous process that is tightly controlled in all organisms. However, the mechanisms underlying precise cell death control remain fragmented. As an important shared module in plant growth, development, and immunity, Arabidopsis thaliana BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-associated receptor kinase 1 (BAK1) and somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 4 (SERK4) redundantly and negatively regulate plant cell death. By deploying an RNAi-based genetic screen for bak1/serk4 cell death suppressors, we revealed that cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 20 (CNGC20) functions as a hyperpolarization-activated Ca2+-permeable channel specifically regulating bak1/serk4 cell death. BAK1 directly interacts with and phosphorylates CNGC20 at specific sites in the C-terminal cytosolic domain, which in turn regulates CNGC20 stability. CNGC19, the closest homolog of CNGC20 with a low abundance compared with CNGC20, makes a quantitative genetic contribution to bak1/serk4 cell death only in the absence of CNGC20, supporting the biochemical data showing homo- and heteromeric assembly of the CNGC20 and CNGC19 channel complexes. Transcripts of CNGC20 and CNGC19 are elevated in bak1/serk4 compared with wild-type plants, further substantiating a critical role of homeostasis of CNGC20 and CNGC19 in cell death control. Our studies not only uncover a unique regulation of ion channel stability by cell-surface-resident receptor kinase-mediated phosphorylation but also provide evidence for fine-tuning Ca2+ channel functions in maintaining cellular homeostasis by the formation of homo- and heterotetrameric complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yu
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Guangyuan Xu
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P.R. China
| | - Luciano de Souza Vespoli
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Hai Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P. R. China
| | - Wolfgang Moeder
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function (CAGEF), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Sixue Chen
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Marcos V V de Oliveira
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Suzane Ariádina de Souza
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Wenyong Shao
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Bárbara Rodrigues
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Yi Ma
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Shweta Chhajed
- Department of Biology, Genetics Institute, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Shaowu Xue
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, P. R. China
| | - Gerald A Berkowitz
- Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Keiko Yoshioka
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function (CAGEF), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Ping He
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
| | - Libo Shan
- Institute for Plant Genomics & Biotechnology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
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Duszyn M, Świeżawska B, Szmidt-Jaworska A, Jaworski K. Cyclic nucleotide gated channels (CNGCs) in plant signalling-Current knowledge and perspectives. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 241:153035. [PMID: 31491601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.153035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell signaling is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that responds and adapts to various internal and external factors. Generally, a signal is mediated by various signaling molecules and is transferred to a cascade of effector proteins. To date, there is significant evidence that cyclic nucleotides (cNMPs), e.g., adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP), may represent important elements of many signaling pathways in plants. However, in contrast to the impressive progress made in understanding cyclic nucleotide signaling in mammalian hosts, only few studies have investigated this topic in plants. Existing evidence indicates that cNMPs participate in growth and developmental processes, as well as the response to various stresses. Once synthesized by adenylyl or guanylyl cyclases, these signals are transduced by acting through a number of cellular effectors. The regulatory effects of cNMPs in eukaryotes can be mediated via various downstream effector proteins, such as protein kinases, Exchange Protein directly Activated by cAMP (EPAC), and Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated ion Channels (CNGC). These proteins sense changes in intracellular cNMP levels and regulate numerous cellular responses. Moreover, the amplitude of cNMP levels and the duration of its signal in the cell is also governed by phosphodiesterases (PDEs), enzymes that are responsible for the breakdown of cNMPs. Data collected in recent years strongly suggest that cyclic nucleotide gated channels are the main cNMP effectors in plant cells. These channels are important cellular switches that transduce changes in intracellular concentrations of cyclic nucleotides into changes in membrane potential and ion concentrations. Structurally, these channels belong to the superfamily of pore-loop cation channels. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular properties of CNGC structure, regulation and ion selectivity, and subcellular localization, as well as describing the signal transduction pathways in which these channels are involved. We will also summarize recent insights into the role of CNGC proteins in plant growth, development and response to stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Duszyn
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Brygida Świeżawska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Adriana Szmidt-Jaworska
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Jaworski
- Nicolaus Copernicus University, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Chair of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Lwowska St. 1, PL 87-100 Torun, Poland.
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28
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Brost C, Studtrucker T, Reimann R, Denninger P, Czekalla J, Krebs M, Fabry B, Schumacher K, Grossmann G, Dietrich P. Multiple cyclic nucleotide-gated channels coordinate calcium oscillations and polar growth of root hairs. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:910-923. [PMID: 31033043 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Calcium gradients underlie polarization in eukaryotic cells. In plants, a tip-focused Ca2+ -gradient is fundamental for rapid and unidirectional cell expansion during epidermal root hair development. Here we report that three members of the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel family are required to maintain cytosolic Ca2+ oscillations and the normal growth of root hairs. CNGC6, CNGC9 and CNGC14 were expressed in root hairs, with CNGC9 displaying the highest root hair specificity. In individual channel mutants, morphological defects including root hair swelling and branching, as well as bursting, were observed. The developmental phenotypes were amplified in the three cngc double mutant combinations. Finally, cngc6/9/14 triple mutants only developed bulging trichoblasts and could not form normal root hair protrusions because they burst after the transition to the rapid growth phase. Prior to developmental defects, single and double mutants showed increasingly disturbed patterns of Ca2+ oscillations. We conclude that CNGC6, CNGC9 and CNGC14 fulfill partially but not fully redundant functions in generating and maintaining tip-focused Ca2+ oscillations, which are fundamental for proper root hair growth and polarity. Furthermore, the results suggest that these calmodulin-binding and Ca2+ -permeable channels organize a robust tip-focused oscillatory calcium gradient, which is not essential for root hair initiation but is required to control the integrity of the root hair after the transition to the rapid growth phase. Our findings also show that root hairs possess a large ability to compensate calcium-signaling defects, and add new players to the regulatory network, which coordinates cell wall properties and cell expansion during polar root hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Brost
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja Studtrucker
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ronny Reimann
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Denninger
- CellNetworks Cluster of Excellence and Centre for Organismal Studies, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Czekalla
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Melanie Krebs
- Plant Developmental Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ben Fabry
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestrasse 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Plant Developmental Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guido Grossmann
- CellNetworks Cluster of Excellence and Centre for Organismal Studies, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Dietrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
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29
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Meena MK, Prajapati R, Krishna D, Divakaran K, Pandey Y, Reichelt M, Mathew M, Boland W, Mithöfer A, Vadassery J. The Ca 2+ Channel CNGC19 Regulates Arabidopsis Defense Against Spodoptera Herbivory. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:1539-1562. [PMID: 31076540 PMCID: PMC6635850 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellular calcium elevation is an important signal used by plants for recognition and signaling of environmental stress. Perception of the generalist insect, Spodoptera litura, by Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) activates cytosolic Ca2+ elevation, which triggers downstream defense. However, not all the Ca2+ channels generating the signal have been identified, nor are their modes of action known. We report on a rapidly activated, leaf vasculature- and plasma membrane-localized, CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE GATED CHANNEL19 (CNGC19), which activates herbivory-induced Ca2+ flux and plant defense. Loss of CNGC19 function results in decreased herbivory defense. The cngc19 mutant shows aberrant and attenuated intravascular Ca2+ fluxes. CNGC19 is a Ca2+-permeable channel, as hyperpolarization of CNGC19-expressing Xenopus oocytes in the presence of both cyclic adenosine monophosphate and Ca2+ results in Ca2+ influx. Breakdown of Ca2+-based defense in cngc19 mutants leads to a decrease in herbivory-induced jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine biosynthesis and expression of JA responsive genes. The cngc19 mutants are deficient in aliphatic glucosinolate accumulation and hyperaccumulate its precursor, methionine. CNGC19 modulates aliphatic glucosinolate biosynthesis in tandem with BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINO ACID TRANSAMINASE4, which is involved in the chain elongation pathway of Met-derived glucosinolates. Furthermore, CNGC19 interacts with herbivory-induced CALMODULIN2 in planta. Together, our work reveals a key mechanistic role for the Ca2+ channel CNGC19 in the recognition of herbivory and the activation of defense signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar Meena
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Ramgopal Prajapati
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Deepthi Krishna
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Keerthi Divakaran
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Yogesh Pandey
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Michael Reichelt
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - M.K. Mathew
- National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore, Karnataka 560065, India
| | - Wilhelm Boland
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Axel Mithöfer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, 07745 Jena, Germany
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30
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Yuan J, Liu T, Yu Z, Li Y, Ren H, Hou X, Li Y. Genome-wide analysis of the Chinese cabbage IQD gene family and the response of BrIQD5 in drought resistance. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:603-620. [PMID: 30783953 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00839-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Thirty-five IQD genes were identified and analysed in Chinese cabbage and BrIQD5 transgenic plants enhanced the drought resistance of plants. The IQD (IQ67-domain) family plays an important role in various abiotic stress responses in plant species. However, the roles of IQD genes in the Chinese cabbage response to abiotic stress remain unclear. Here, 35 IQD genes, from BrIQD1 to BrIQD35, were identified in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). Based on the phylogenetic analysis, these genes were clustered into three subfamilies (I-III), and members within the same subfamilies shared conserved exon-intron distribution and motif composition. The 35 BrIQD genes were unevenly distributed on 9 of the 10 chromosomes with 4 segmental duplication events. Ka/Ks ratios showed that the duplicated BrIQDs had mainly experienced strong purifying selection. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction of 35 BrIQDs under PEG6000 indicated that BrIQD5 was significantly induced by PEG6000. To verify BrIQD5 function, BrIQD5 was heterologously overexpressed in tobacco and was silenced in Chinese cabbage. BrIQD5-overexpressed plants showed more tolerance to drought stress than wild-type plants, while BrIQD5-silenced plants in Chinese cabbage showed decreased drought tolerance. Additionally, six BrIQD5 potential interactive proteins were isolated by the yeast two-hybrid assay, including BrCaMa, BrCaMb and four other stress-related proteins. Motif IQ1 of BrIQD5 is important for the interaction with BrCaMa and BrCaMb, and the isoleucine in motif IQ1 is an essential amino acid for calmodulin binding to BrIQD5. The identification and cloning of the new Chinese cabbage drought tolerance genes will promote the drought-resistant breeding of Chinese cabbage and help to better understand the mechanism of IQD involved in the drought tolerance of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tongkun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhanghong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haibo Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xilin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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Moeder W, Phan V, Yoshioka K. Ca 2+ to the rescue - Ca 2+channels and signaling in plant immunity. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 279:19-26. [PMID: 30709488 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ is a universal second messenger in many signaling pathways in all eukaryotes including plants. Transient changes in [Ca2+]cyt are rapidly generated upon a diverse range of stimuli such as drought, heat, wounding, and biotic stresses (infection by pathogenic and symbiotic microorganisms), as well as developmental cues. It has been known for a while that [Ca2+]cyt transient signals play crucial roles to activate plant immunity and recently significant progresses have been made in this research field. However the identity and regulation of ion channels that are involved in defense related Ca2+ signals are still enigmatic. Members of two ligand gated ion channel families, glutamate receptor-like channels (GLRs) and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) have been implicated in immune responses; nevertheless more precise data to understand their direct involvement in the creation of Ca2+ signals during immune responses is necessary. Furthermore, the study of other ion channel groups is also required to understand the whole picture of the intra- and inter-cellular Ca2+ signalling network. In this review we summarize Ca2+ signals in plant immunity from an ion channel point of view and discuss future challenges in this exciting research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Moeder
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Van Phan
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Keiko Yoshioka
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada; Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function (CAGEF), University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3B2, Canada.
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32
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Pan Y, Chai X, Gao Q, Zhou L, Zhang S, Li L, Luan S. Dynamic Interactions of Plant CNGC Subunits and Calmodulins Drive Oscillatory Ca 2+ Channel Activities. Dev Cell 2019; 48:710-725.e5. [PMID: 30713075 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcium is a universal signal in all eukaryotes, but the mechanism for encoding calcium signatures remains largely unknown. Calcium oscillations control pollen tube growth and fertilization in flowering plants, serving as a model for dissecting the molecular machines that mediate calcium fluctuations. We report that pollen-tube-specific cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGC18, CNGC8, and CNGC7) together with calmodulin 2 (CaM2) constitute a molecular switch that either opens or closes the calcium channel depending on cellular calcium levels. Under low calcium, calcium-free calmodulin 2 (Apo-CaM2) interacts with CNGC18-CNGC8 complex, leading to activation of the influx channel and consequently increasing cytosolic calcium levels. Calcium-bound CaM2 dissociates from CNGC18/8 heterotetramer, closing the channel and initiating a downturn of cellular calcium levels. We further reconstituted the calcium oscillator in HEK293 cells, supporting the model that Ca2+-CaM-dependent regulation of CNGC channel activity provides an auto-regulatory feedback mechanism for calcium oscillations during pollen tube growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xuyang Chai
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Qifei Gao
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Liming Zhou
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Sisi Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Legong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Wang L, Stacey G, Leblanc-Fournier N, Legué V, Moulia B, Davies JM. Early Extracellular ATP Signaling in Arabidopsis Root Epidermis: A Multi-Conductance Process. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1064. [PMID: 31552068 PMCID: PMC6737080 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is an important extracellular signaling agent, operating in growth regulation, stomatal conductance, and wound response. With the first receptor for extracellular ATP now identified in plants (P2K1/DORN1) and a plasma membrane NADPH oxidase revealed as its target, the search continues for the components of the signaling cascades they command. The Arabidopsis root elongation zone epidermal plasma membrane has recently been shown to contain cation transport pathways (channel conductances) that operate downstream of P2K1 and could contribute to extracellular ATP (eATP) signaling. Here, patch clamp electrophysiology has been used to delineate two further conductances from the root elongation zone epidermal plasma membrane that respond to eATP, including one that would permit chloride transport. This perspective addresses how these conductances compare to those previously characterized in roots and how they might operate together to enable early events in eATP signaling, including elevation of cytosolic-free calcium as a second messenger. The role of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) that could arise from eATP's activation of NADPH oxidases is considered in a qualitative model that also considers the regulation of plasma membrane potential by the concerted action of the various cation and anion conductances. The molecular identities of the channel conductances in eATP signaling remain enigmatic but may yet be found in the multigene families of glutamate receptor-like channels, cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, annexins, and aluminum-activated malate transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Stacey
- Divisions of Plant Science and Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | | | - Valérie Legué
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Bruno Moulia
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Julia M. Davies,
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Zhang Z, Hou C, Tian W, Li L, Zhu H. Electrophysiological Studies Revealed CaM1-Mediated Regulation of the Arabidopsis Calcium Channel CNGC12. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1090. [PMID: 31572412 PMCID: PMC6749817 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) family consists of 20 members, which have been reported to participate in various physiological processes, such as pathogen defense, development, and thermotolerance. Although CNGC11 and CNGC12 have been identified a decade ago and their role in programmed cell death is well studied, their precise channel regulation has not been studied electrophysiologically. Here, we determined the channel activities of CNGC11 and CNGC12 utilizing the two-electrode voltage-clamp technique in the Xenopus laevis oocyte heterologous expression system. Our results suggest that CNGC12 but not CNGC11 functions as an active calcium channel. Furthermore, the cyclic nucleotide monophosphates (cNMPs) did not affect the activities of CNGC11 nor CNGC12 in Xenopus oocytes. Interestingly, while the activity of CNGC11 was not affected by co-expression with calmodulin (CaM), the activity of CNGC12 was significantly enhanced when CaM1 was co-expressed in oocytes. This study reveals that the channel activities and the mechanisms of regulation by CaM are different between CNGC11 and CNGC12.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Legong Li
- *Correspondence: Legong Li, ; Huifen Zhu,
| | - Huifen Zhu
- *Correspondence: Legong Li, ; Huifen Zhu,
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Hao L, Qiao X. Genome-wide identification and analysis of the CNGC gene family in maize. PeerJ 2018; 6:e5816. [PMID: 30356996 PMCID: PMC6195792 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the non-selective cation channel gene families, the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (CNGC) gene family plays a vital role in plant physiological processes that are related to signal pathways, plant development, and environmental stresses. However, genome-wide identification and analysis of the CNGC gene family in maize has not yet been undertaken. In the present study, twelve ZmCNGC genes were identified in the maize genome, which were unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8. They were classified into five major groups: Groups I, II, III, IVa, and IVb. Phylogenetic analysis showed that gramineous plant CNGC genes expanded unequally during evolution. Group IV CNGC genes emerged first, whereas Groups I and II appeared later. Prediction analysis of cis-acting regulatory elements showed that 137 putative cis-elements were related to hormone-response, abiotic stress, and organ development. Furthermore, 120 protein pairs were predicted to interact with the 12 ZmCNGC proteins and other maize proteins. The expression profiles of the ZmCNGC genes were expressed in tissue-specific patterns. These results provide important information that will increase our understanding of the CNGC gene family in maize and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Hao
- College of Agriculture and Hydraulic Engineering, Suihua University, Suihua, HeiLongjiang province, China
| | - Xiuli Qiao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Suihua University, Suihua, HeiLongjiang province, China
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36
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Demidchik V, Shabala S, Isayenkov S, Cuin TA, Pottosin I. Calcium transport across plant membranes: mechanisms and functions. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 220:49-69. [PMID: 29916203 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 196] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 49 I. Introduction 49 II. Physiological and structural characteristics of plant Ca2+ -permeable ion channels 50 III. Ca2+ extrusion systems 61 IV. Concluding remarks 64 Acknowledgements 64 References 64 SUMMARY: Calcium is an essential structural, metabolic and signalling element. The physiological functions of Ca2+ are enabled by its orchestrated transport across cell membranes, mediated by Ca2+ -permeable ion channels, Ca2+ -ATPases and Ca2+ /H+ exchangers. Bioinformatics analysis has not determined any Ca2+ -selective filters in plant ion channels, but electrophysiological tests do reveal Ca2+ conductances in plant membranes. The biophysical characteristics of plant Ca2+ conductances have been studied in detail and were recently complemented by molecular genetic approaches. Plant Ca2+ conductances are mediated by several families of ion channels, including cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs), ionotropic glutamate receptors, two-pore channel 1 (TPC1), annexins and several types of mechanosensitive channels. Key Ca2+ -mediated reactions (e.g. sensing of temperature, gravity, touch and hormones, and cell elongation and guard cell closure) have now been associated with the activities of specific subunits from these families. Structural studies have demonstrated a unique selectivity filter in TPC1, which is passable for hydrated divalent cations. The hypothesis of a ROS-Ca2+ hub is discussed, linking Ca2+ transport to ROS generation. CNGC inactivation by cytosolic Ca2+ , leading to the termination of Ca2+ signals, is now mechanistically explained. The structure-function relationships of Ca2+ -ATPases and Ca2+ /H+ exchangers, and their regulation and physiological roles are analysed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Demidchik
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
- Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Professora Popova Street, St Petersburg, 197376, Russia
| | - Sergey Shabala
- Department of Horticulture, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | - Stanislav Isayenkov
- Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 2a Osipovskogo Street, Kyiv, 04123, Ukraine
| | - Tracey A Cuin
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas, 7001, Australia
| | - Igor Pottosin
- Centro Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Colima, Avenida 25 de julio 965, Colima, 28045, Mexico
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Irving HR, Cahill DM, Gehring C. Moonlighting Proteins and Their Role in the Control of Signaling Microenvironments, as Exemplified by cGMP and Phytosulfokine Receptor 1 (PSKR1). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:415. [PMID: 29643865 PMCID: PMC5883070 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Signal generating and processing complexes and changes in concentrations of messenger molecules such as calcium ions and cyclic nucleotides develop gradients that have critical roles in relaying messages within cells. Cytoplasmic contents are densely packed, and in plant cells this is compounded by the restricted cytoplasmic space. To function in such crowded spaces, scaffold proteins have evolved to keep key enzymes in the correct place to ensure ordered spatial and temporal and stimulus-specific message generation. Hence, throughout the cytoplasm there are gradients of messenger molecules that influence signaling processes. However, it is only recently becoming apparent that specific complexes involving receptor molecules can generate multiple signal gradients and enriched microenvironments around the cytoplasmic domains of the receptor that regulate downstream signaling. Such gradients or signal circuits can involve moonlighting proteins, so called because they can enable fine-tune signal cascades via cryptic additional functions that are just being defined. This perspective focuses on how enigmatic activity of moonlighting proteins potentially contributes to regional intracellular microenvironments. For instance, the proteins associated with moonlighting proteins that generate cyclic nucleotides may be regulated by cyclic nucleotide binding directly or indirectly. In this perspective, we discuss how generation of cyclic nucleotide-enriched microenvironments can promote and regulate signaling events. As an example, we use the phytosulfokine receptor (PSKR1), discuss the function of its domains and their mutual interactions and argue that this complex architecture and function enhances tuning of signals in microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen R. Irving
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bendigo, VIC, Australia
| | - David M. Cahill
- Faculty of Science Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Chris Gehring
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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38
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Demidchik V, Shabala S. Mechanisms of cytosolic calcium elevation in plants: the role of ion channels, calcium extrusion systems and NADPH oxidase-mediated 'ROS-Ca 2+ Hub'. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2018; 45:9-27. [PMID: 32291018 DOI: 10.1071/fp16420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Elevation in the cytosolic free calcium is crucial for plant growth, development and adaptation. Calcium influx into plant cells is mediated by Ca2+ depolarisation-activated, hyperpolarisation-activated and voltage-independent Ca2+-permeable channels (DACCs, HACCs and VICCs respectively). These channels are encoded by the following gene families: (1) cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs), (2) ionotropic glutamate receptors (GLRs), (3) annexins, (4) 'mechanosensitive channels of small (MscS) conductance'-like channels (MSLs), (5) 'mid1-complementing activity' channels (MCAs), Piezo channels, and hyperosmolality-induced [Ca2+]cyt. channel 1 (OSCA1). Also, a 'tandem-pore channel1' (TPC1) catalyses Ca2+ efflux from the vacuole in response to the plasma membrane-mediated Ca2+ elevation. Recent experimental data demonstrated that Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. CNGCs 2, 5-10, 14, 16 and 18, GLRs 1.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6 and 3.7, TPC1, ANNEXIN1, MSL9 and MSL10,MCA1 and MCA2, OSCA1, and some their homologues counterparts in other species, are responsible for Ca2+ currents and/or cytosolic Ca2+ elevation. Extrusion of Ca2+ from the cytosol is mediated by Ca2+-ATPases and Ca2+/H+ exchangers which were recently examined at the level of high resolution crystal structure. Calcium-activated NADPH oxidases and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-activated Ca2+ conductances form a self-amplifying 'ROS-Ca2+hub', enhancing and transducing Ca2+ and redox signals. The ROS-Ca2+ hub contributes to physiological reactions controlled by ROS and Ca2+, demonstrating synergism and unity of Ca2+ and ROS signalling mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Demidchik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia
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Xu Y, Yang J, Wang Y, Wang J, Yu Y, Long Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Ren Y, Chen J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Guo X, Wu F, Zhu S, Lin Q, Jiang L, Wu C, Wang H, Wan J. OsCNGC13 promotes seed-setting rate by facilitating pollen tube growth in stylar tissues. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006906. [PMID: 28708858 PMCID: PMC5533464 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed-setting rate is a critical determinant of grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rapid and healthy pollen tube growth in the style is required for high seed-setting rate. The molecular mechanisms governing this process remain largely unknown. In this study, we isolate a dominant low seed-setting rate rice mutant, sss1-D. Cellular examination results show that pollen tube growth is blocked in about half of the mutant styles. Molecular cloning and functional assays reveals that SSS1-D encodes OsCNGC13, a member of the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel family. OsCNGC13 is preferentially expressed in the pistils and its expression is dramatically reduced in the heterozygous plant, suggesting a haploinsufficiency nature for the dominant mutant phenotype. We show that OsCNGC13 is permeable to Ca2+. Consistent with this, accumulation of cytoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) is defective in the sss1-D mutant style after pollination. Further, the sss1-D mutant has altered extracellular matrix (ECM) components and delayed cell death in the style transmission tract (STT). Based on these results, we propose that OsCNGC13 acts as a novel maternal sporophytic factor required for stylar [Ca2+]cyt accumulation, ECM components modification and STT cell death, thus facilitating the penetration of pollen tube in the style for successful double fertilization and seed-setting in rice. Rice is not only the staple food for more than half of the world’s population, but also a model species for plant developmental and genetic studies. After pollination, rice pollen grains adhere and hydrate at the surface of stigmatic papilla cells. Then, the germinated pollen tubes invade the stigma and navigate through the style transmission tract to reach the micropyle of the embryo sac for fertilization. During this long and arduous process, pollen tube requires abundant communication with the surrounding sporophytic maternal tissues. However, how the growth of pollen tube is regulated by maternal tissue remains largely elusive. This work identifies a typical cyclic nucleotide-gated channel protein in rice, OsCNGC13, which can mediate Ca2+ inward current. Our results suggest that OsCNGC13 acts as a novel maternal sporophytic factor required for stylar [Ca2+]cyt accumulation, extracellular matrix components modification and style cell death, thus facilitating the penetration of pollen tube in the style for successful double fertilization and seed-setting in rice. These findings provide new insights into the molecular genetic control mechanisms of seed-setting rate/grain yield in rice and expand our knowledge on the cyclic nucleotide-gated channel proteins in plant sexual reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiachang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Long
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, National Plant Gene Research Centre (Beijing), China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulong Ren
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuping Guo
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fuqing Wu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qibing Lin
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanyin Wu
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Plant Gene Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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40
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Fischer C, DeFalco TA, Karia P, Snedden WA, Moeder W, Yoshioka K, Dietrich P. Calmodulin as a Ca2+-Sensing Subunit of Arabidopsis Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel Complexes. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 58:1208-1221. [PMID: 28419310 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcx052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ serves as a universal second messenger in eukaryotic signaling pathways, and the spatial and temporal patterns of Ca2+ concentration changes are determined by feedback and feed-forward regulation of the involved transport proteins. Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) are Ca2+-permeable channels that interact with the ubiquitous Ca2+ sensor calmodulin (CaM). CNGCs interact with CaMs via diverse CaM-binding sites, including an IQ-motif, which has been identified in the C-termini of CNGC20 and CNGC12. Here we present a family-wide analysis of the IQ-motif from all 20 Arabidopsis CNGC isoforms. While most of their IQ-peptides interacted with conserved CaMs in yeast, some were unable to do so, despite high sequence conservation across the family. We showed that the CaM binding ability of the IQ-motif is highly dependent on its proximal and distal vicinity. We determined that two alanine residues positioned N-terminal to the core IQ-sequence play a significant role in CaM binding, and identified a polymorphism at this site that promoted or inhibited CaM binding in yeast. Through detailed biophysical analysis of the CNGC2 IQ-motif, we found that this polymorphism specifically affected the Ca2+-independent interactions with the C-lobe of CaM. This same polymorphism partially suppressed the induction of programmed cell death by CNGC11/12 in planta. Our work expands the model of CNGC regulation, and posits that the C-lobe of apo-CaM is permanently associated with the channel at the N-terminal part of the IQ-domain. This mode allows CaM to function as a Ca2+-sensing regulatory subunit of the channel complex, providing a mechanism by which Ca2+ signals may be fine-tuned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Fischer
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas A DeFalco
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2
| | - Purva Karia
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2
| | - Wayne A Snedden
- Department of Biology, Biosciences Complex, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada, K7L 3N6
| | - Wolfgang Moeder
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2
| | - Keiko Yoshioka
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2
- Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function (CAGEF), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 3B2
| | - Petra Dietrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Staudtstrasse 5, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Bürstenbinder K, Möller B, Plötner R, Stamm G, Hause G, Mitra D, Abel S. The IQD Family of Calmodulin-Binding Proteins Links Calcium Signaling to Microtubules, Membrane Subdomains, and the Nucleus. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 173:1692-1708. [PMID: 28115582 PMCID: PMC5338658 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling and dynamic reorganization of the cytoskeleton are essential processes for the coordination and control of plant cell shape and cell growth. Calmodulin (CaM) and closely related calmodulin-like (CML) polypeptides are principal sensors of Ca2+ signals. CaM/CMLs decode and relay information encrypted by the second messenger via differential interactions with a wide spectrum of targets to modulate their diverse biochemical activities. The plant-specific IQ67 DOMAIN (IQD) family emerged as possibly the largest class of CaM-interacting proteins with undefined molecular functions and biological roles. Here, we show that the 33 members of the IQD family in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) differentially localize, using green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged proteins, to multiple and distinct subcellular sites, including microtubule (MT) arrays, plasma membrane subdomains, and nuclear compartments. Intriguingly, the various IQD-specific localization patterns coincide with the subcellular patterns of IQD-dependent recruitment of CaM, suggesting that the diverse IQD members sequester Ca2+-CaM signaling modules to specific subcellular sites for precise regulation of Ca2+-dependent processes. Because MT localization is a hallmark of most IQD family members, we quantitatively analyzed GFP-labeled MT arrays in Nicotiana benthamiana cells transiently expressing GFP-IQD fusions and observed IQD-specific MT patterns, which point to a role of IQDs in MT organization and dynamics. Indeed, stable overexpression of select IQD proteins in Arabidopsis altered cellular MT orientation, cell shape, and organ morphology. Because IQDs share biochemical properties with scaffold proteins, we propose that IQD families provide an assortment of platform proteins for integrating CaM-dependent Ca2+ signaling at multiple cellular sites to regulate cell function, shape, and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Bürstenbinder
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany (K.B., R.P., G.S., D.M., S.A.);
- Institute of Computer Science (B.M.), Biocenter (G.H.), and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (S.A.), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (S.A.)
| | - Birgit Möller
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany (K.B., R.P., G.S., D.M., S.A.)
- Institute of Computer Science (B.M.), Biocenter (G.H.), and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (S.A.), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (S.A.)
| | - Romina Plötner
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany (K.B., R.P., G.S., D.M., S.A.)
- Institute of Computer Science (B.M.), Biocenter (G.H.), and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (S.A.), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (S.A.)
| | - Gina Stamm
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany (K.B., R.P., G.S., D.M., S.A.)
- Institute of Computer Science (B.M.), Biocenter (G.H.), and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (S.A.), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (S.A.)
| | - Gerd Hause
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany (K.B., R.P., G.S., D.M., S.A.)
- Institute of Computer Science (B.M.), Biocenter (G.H.), and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (S.A.), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (S.A.)
| | - Dipannita Mitra
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany (K.B., R.P., G.S., D.M., S.A.)
- Institute of Computer Science (B.M.), Biocenter (G.H.), and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (S.A.), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (S.A.)
| | - Steffen Abel
- Department of Molecular Signal Processing, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany (K.B., R.P., G.S., D.M., S.A.)
- Institute of Computer Science (B.M.), Biocenter (G.H.), and Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology (S.A.), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany; and
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 (S.A.)
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42
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Fischer C, Sauter M, Dietrich P. BiFC Assay to Detect Calmodulin Binding to Plant Receptor Kinases. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1621:141-149. [PMID: 28567651 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7063-6_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are regulated at various levels including posttranscriptional modification and interaction with regulatory proteins. Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-sensing protein that was shown to bind to some RLKs such as the PHYTOSULFOKINE RECEPTOR1 (PSKR1). The CaM-binding site is embedded in subdomain VIa of the kinase domain. It is possible that many more of RLKs interact with CaM than previously described. To unequivocally confirm CaM binding, several methods exist. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and pull-down assays have been successfully used to study CaM binding to PSKR1 and are described in this chapter (BiFC) and in Chapter 15 (pull down). The two methods are complementary. BiFC is useful to show localization and interaction of soluble as well as of membrane-bound proteins in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Fischer
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Margret Sauter
- Plant Developmental Biology and Plant Physiology, University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 5, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Petra Dietrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstrasse 5, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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Braganza A, Li J, Zeng X, Yates NA, Dey NB, Andrews J, Clark J, Zamani L, Wang XH, St Croix C, O'Sullivan R, Garcia-Exposito L, Brodsky JL, Sobol RW. UBE3B Is a Calmodulin-regulated, Mitochondrion-associated E3 Ubiquitin Ligase. J Biol Chem 2016; 292:2470-2484. [PMID: 28003368 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.766824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide studies found that patients with hypotonia, developmental delay, intellectual disability, congenital anomalies, characteristic facial dysmorphic features, and low cholesterol levels suffer from Kaufman oculocerebrofacial syndrome (KOS, also reported as blepharophimosis-ptosis-intellectual disability syndrome). The primary cause of KOS is autosomal recessive mutations in the gene UBE3B However, to date, there are no studies that have determined the cellular or enzymatic function of UBE3B. Here, we report that UBE3B is a mitochondrion-associated protein with homologous to the E6-AP Cterminus (HECT) E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. Mutating the catalytic cysteine (C1036A) or deleting the entire HECT domain (amino acids 758-1068) results in loss of UBE3B's ubiquitylation activity. Knockdown of UBE3B in human cells induces changes in mitochondrial morphology and physiology, a decrease in mitochondrial volume, and a severe suppression of cellular proliferation. We also discovered that UBE3B interacts with calmodulin via its N-terminal isoleucine-glutamine (IQ) motif. Deletion of the IQ motif (amino acids 29-58) results in loss of calmodulin binding and a significant increase in the in vitro ubiquitylation activity of UBE3B. In addition, we found that changes in calcium levels in vitro disrupt the calmodulin-UBE3B interaction. These studies demonstrate that UBE3B is an E3 ubiquitin ligase and reveal that the enzyme is regulated by calmodulin. Furthermore, the modulation of UBE3B via calmodulin and calcium implicates a role for calcium signaling in mitochondrial protein ubiquitylation, protein turnover, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Braganza
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261.,the Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute
| | - Jianfeng Li
- the Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604
| | - Xuemei Zeng
- Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Center, School of the Health Sciences, and
| | - Nathan A Yates
- the Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute.,Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Center, School of the Health Sciences, and.,the Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, and
| | - Nupur B Dey
- the Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604
| | - Joel Andrews
- the Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604
| | - Jennifer Clark
- the Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604
| | - Leila Zamani
- the Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604
| | - Xiao-Hong Wang
- the Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute
| | - Claudette St Croix
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Roderick O'Sullivan
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261.,the Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute
| | - Laura Garcia-Exposito
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261.,the Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute
| | - Jeffrey L Brodsky
- the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
| | - Robert W Sobol
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, .,the Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute.,the Department of Oncologic Sciences, Mitchell Cancer Institute, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama 36604
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44
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DeFalco TA, Moeder W, Yoshioka K. Opening the Gates: Insights into Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Channel-Mediated Signaling. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 21:903-906. [PMID: 27623305 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Recent work has expanded our understanding of the roles of cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) in plant signaling. In this spotlight article, we discuss advances and future perspectives in determining how CNGCs mediate calcium signaling in response to diverse stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A DeFalco
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Wolfgang Moeder
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3B2
| | - Keiko Yoshioka
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3B2; Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function (CAGEF), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3B2.
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45
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Wilkins KA, Matthus E, Swarbreck SM, Davies JM. Calcium-Mediated Abiotic Stress Signaling in Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1296. [PMID: 27621742 PMCID: PMC5002411 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Roots are subjected to a range of abiotic stresses as they forage for water and nutrients. Cytosolic free calcium is a common second messenger in the signaling of abiotic stress. In addition, roots take up calcium both as a nutrient and to stimulate exocytosis in growth. For calcium to fulfill its multiple roles must require strict spatio-temporal regulation of its uptake and efflux across the plasma membrane, its buffering in the cytosol and its sequestration or release from internal stores. This prompts the question of how specificity of signaling output can be achieved against the background of calcium's other uses. Threats to agriculture such as salinity, water availability and hypoxia are signaled through calcium. Nutrient deficiency is also emerging as a stress that is signaled through cytosolic free calcium, with progress in potassium, nitrate and boron deficiency signaling now being made. Heavy metals have the capacity to trigger or modulate root calcium signaling depending on their dose and their capacity to catalyze production of hydroxyl radicals. Mechanical stress and cold stress can both trigger an increase in root cytosolic free calcium, with the possibility of membrane deformation playing a part in initiating the calcium signal. This review addresses progress in identifying the calcium transporting proteins (particularly channels such as annexins and cyclic nucleotide-gated channels) that effect stress-induced calcium increases in roots and explores links to reactive oxygen species, lipid signaling, and the unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julia M. Davies
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of CambridgeCambridge, UK
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46
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Comparative transcriptomic profiling of larvae and post-larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii in response to metamorphosis and salinity exposure. Genes Genomics 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13258-016-0452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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47
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Lohscheider JN, Río Bártulos C. Plastoglobules in algae: A comprehensive comparative study of the presence of major structural and functional components in complex plastids. Mar Genomics 2016; 28:127-136. [PMID: 27373732 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Plastoglobules (PG) are lipophilic droplets attached to thylakoid membranes in higher plants and green algae and are implicated in prenyl lipid biosynthesis. They might also represent a central hub for integration of plastid signals under stress and therefore the adaptation of the thylakoid membrane under such conditions. In Arabidopsis thaliana, PG contain around 30 specific proteins of which Fibrillins (FBN) and Activity of bc1 complex kinases (ABC1K) represent the majority with respect to both number and protein mass. However, nothing is known about the presence of PG in most algal species, which are responsible for about 50% of global primary production. Therefore, we searched the genomes of publicly available algal genomes for components of PG and the associated functional network in order to predict their presence and potential evolutionary conservation of physiological functions. We could identify homologous sequences for core components of PG, like FBN and ABC1K, in most investigated algal species. Furthermore, proteins at central and interesting positions within the PG functional coexpression network were identified. Phylogenetic sequence analysis revealed diversity within FBN and ABC1K sequences among algal species with complex plastids of the red lineage and large differences compared with green lineage species. Two types of FBN were detected that differ in their isoelectric point which seems to correlate with subcellular localization. Subgroups of FBN were shared between many investigated species and modeling of their 3D-structure implied a conserved structure. FBN and ABC1K are essential structural and functional components of PG. Their occurrence in investigated algal species suggests presence of PG therein and functions in prenyl lipid metabolism and adaptation of the thylakoid membrane that are conserved during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens N Lohscheider
- Section of Plant Biology, School of Integrated Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Emerson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion, Ecophysiology of Plants, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Carolina Río Bártulos
- Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Sektion, Ecophysiology of Plants, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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48
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DeFalco TA, Marshall CB, Munro K, Kang HG, Moeder W, Ikura M, Snedden WA, Yoshioka K. Multiple Calmodulin-Binding Sites Positively and Negatively Regulate Arabidopsis CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNEL12. THE PLANT CELL 2016; 28:1738-51. [PMID: 27335451 PMCID: PMC4981125 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.15.00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ca(2+) signaling is critical to plant immunity; however, the channels involved are poorly characterized. Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) are nonspecific, Ca(2+)-permeable cation channels. Plant CNGCs are hypothesized to be negatively regulated by the Ca(2+) sensor calmodulin (CaM), and previous work has focused on a C-terminal CaM-binding domain (CaMBD) overlapping with the cyclic nucleotide binding domain of plant CNGCs. However, we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana isoform CNGC12 possesses multiple CaMBDs at cytosolic N and C termini, which is reminiscent of animal CNGCs and unlike any plant channel studied to date. Biophysical characterizations of these sites suggest that apoCaM interacts with a conserved isoleucine-glutamine (IQ) motif in the C terminus of the channel, while Ca(2+)/CaM binds additional N- and C-terminal motifs with different affinities. Expression of CNGC12 with a nonfunctional N-terminal CaMBD constitutively induced programmed cell death, providing in planta evidence of allosteric CNGC regulation by CaM. Furthermore, we determined that CaM binding to the IQ motif was required for channel function, indicating that CaM can both positively and negatively regulate CNGC12. These data indicate a complex mode of plant CNGC regulation by CaM, in contrast to the previously proposed competitive ligand model, and suggest exciting parallels between plant and animal channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A DeFalco
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Christopher B Marshall
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute/Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Kim Munro
- Protein Function Discovery Facility, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Hong-Gu Kang
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas 78666
| | - Wolfgang Moeder
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Mitsuhiko Ikura
- Department of Medical Biophysics, Campbell Family Cancer Research Institute/Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Wayne A Snedden
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Keiko Yoshioka
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada Center for the Analysis of Genome Evolution and Function (CAGEF), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3B2, Canada
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49
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Zierer W, Hajirezaei MR, Eggert K, Sauer N, von Wirén N, Pommerrenig B. Phloem-Specific Methionine Recycling Fuels Polyamine Biosynthesis in a Sulfur-Dependent Manner and Promotes Flower and Seed Development. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 170:790-806. [PMID: 26662272 PMCID: PMC4734553 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.00786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The Yang or Met Cycle is a series of reactions catalyzing the recycling of the sulfur (S) compound 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) to Met. MTA is produced as a by-product in ethylene, nicotianamine, and polyamine biosynthesis. Whether the Met Cycle preferentially fuels one of these pathways in a S-dependent manner remained unclear so far. We analyzed Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants with defects in the Met Cycle enzymes 5-METHYLTHIORIBOSE-1-PHOSPHATE-ISOMERASE1 (MTI1) and DEHYDRATASE-ENOLASE-PHOSPHATASE-COMPLEX1 (DEP1) under different S conditions and assayed the contribution of the Met Cycle to the regeneration of S for these pathways. Neither mti1 nor dep1 mutants could recycle MTA but showed S-dependent reproductive failure, which was accompanied by reduced levels of the polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine in mutant inflorescences. Complementation experiments with external application of these three polyamines showed that only the triamine spermine could specifically rescue the S-dependent reproductive defects of the mutant plants. Furthermore, expressing gene-reporter fusions in Arabidopsis showed that MTI1 and DEP1 were mainly expressed in the vasculature of all plant parts. Phloem-specific reconstitution of Met Cycle activity in mti1 and dep1 mutant plants was sufficient to rescue their S-dependent mutant phenotypes. We conclude from these analyses that phloem-specific S recycling during periods of S starvation is essential for the biosynthesis of polyamines required for flowering and seed development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Zierer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology, 91058 Erlangen, Germany (W.Z., N.S.); andMolecular Plant Nutrition (M.R.H., K.E., N.v.W.) and Metalloid Transport (B.P.), Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Mohammad R Hajirezaei
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology, 91058 Erlangen, Germany (W.Z., N.S.); andMolecular Plant Nutrition (M.R.H., K.E., N.v.W.) and Metalloid Transport (B.P.), Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Kai Eggert
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology, 91058 Erlangen, Germany (W.Z., N.S.); andMolecular Plant Nutrition (M.R.H., K.E., N.v.W.) and Metalloid Transport (B.P.), Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Norbert Sauer
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology, 91058 Erlangen, Germany (W.Z., N.S.); andMolecular Plant Nutrition (M.R.H., K.E., N.v.W.) and Metalloid Transport (B.P.), Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology, 91058 Erlangen, Germany (W.Z., N.S.); andMolecular Plant Nutrition (M.R.H., K.E., N.v.W.) and Metalloid Transport (B.P.), Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Department of Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology, 91058 Erlangen, Germany (W.Z., N.S.); andMolecular Plant Nutrition (M.R.H., K.E., N.v.W.) and Metalloid Transport (B.P.), Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), 06466 Gatersleben, Germany
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50
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Campe R, Langenbach C, Leissing F, Popescu GV, Popescu SC, Goellner K, Beckers GJM, Conrath U. ABC transporter PEN3/PDR8/ABCG36 interacts with calmodulin that, like PEN3, is required for Arabidopsis nonhost resistance. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 209:294-306. [PMID: 26315018 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nonhost resistance (NHR) is the most prevalent form of plant immunity. In Arabidopsis, NHR requires membrane-localized ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter PENETRATION (PEN) 3. Upon perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns, PEN3 becomes phosphorylated, suggestive of PEN3 regulation by post-translational modification. Here, we investigated the PEN3 protein interaction network. We probed the Arabidopsis protein microarray AtPMA-5000 with the N-terminal cytoplasmic domain of PEN3. Several of the proteins identified to interact with PEN3 in vitro represent cellular Ca(2+) sensors, including calmodulin (CaM) 3, CaM7 and several CaM-like proteins, pointing to the importance of Ca(2+) sensing to PEN3-mediated NHR. We demonstrated co-localization of PEN3 and CaM7, and we confirmed PEN3-CaM interaction in vitro and in vivo by PEN3 pull-down with CaM Sepharose, CaM overlay assay and bimolecular fluorescence complementation. We also show that just like in pen3, NHR to the nonadapted fungal pathogens Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei is compromised in the Arabidopsis cam7 and pen3 cam7 mutants. Our study discloses CaM7 as a PEN3-interacting protein crucial to Arabidopsis NHR and emphasizes the importance of Ca(2+) sensing to plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Campe
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany
| | - Caspar Langenbach
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany
| | - Franz Leissing
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany
| | - George V Popescu
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1801, USA
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma & Radiation Physics, Str. Atomistilor, Nr. 409, Magurele, 077125, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorina C Popescu
- Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, 14853-1801, USA
| | - Katharina Goellner
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany
| | - Gerold J M Beckers
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany
| | - Uwe Conrath
- Department of Plant Physiology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, 52056, Germany
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