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Banerjee P, Chau K, Kotla S, Davis EL, Turcios EB, Li S, Pengzhi Z, Wang G, Kolluru GK, Jain A, Cooke JP, Abe J, Le NT. A Potential Role for MAGI-1 in the Bi-Directional Relationship Between Major Depressive Disorder and Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2024; 26:463-483. [PMID: 38958925 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01223-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is characterized by persistent symptoms such as fatigue, loss of interest in activities, feelings of sadness and worthlessness. MDD often coexist with cardiovascular disease (CVD), yet the precise link between these conditions remains unclear. This review explores factors underlying the development of MDD and CVD, including genetic, epigenetic, platelet activation, inflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation, endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. RECENT FINDINGS Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the membrane-associated guanylate kinase WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 1 (MAGI-1) are associated with neuroticism and psychiatric disorders including MDD. SNPs in MAGI-1 are also linked to chronic inflammatory disorders such as spontaneous glomerulosclerosis, celiac disease, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. Increased MAGI-1 expression has been observed in colonic epithelial samples from Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients. MAGI-1 also plays a role in regulating EC activation and atherogenesis in mice and is essential for Influenza A virus (IAV) infection, endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced EC apoptosis, and thrombin-induced EC permeability. Despite being understudied in human disease; evidence suggests that MAGI-1 may play a role in linking CVD and MDD. Therefore, further investigation of MAG-1 could be warranted to elucidate its potential involvement in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Banerjee
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Khanh Chau
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sivareddy Kotla
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eleanor L Davis
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Estefani Berrios Turcios
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shengyu Li
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zhang Pengzhi
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Abhishek Jain
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Bryan, USA
| | - John P Cooke
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Junichi Abe
- Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nhat-Tu Le
- Center for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
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Wang W, Pan D, Liu Q, Chen X, Wang S. L-Carnitine in the Treatment of Psychiatric and Neurological Manifestations: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1232. [PMID: 38674921 PMCID: PMC11055039 DOI: 10.3390/nu16081232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE L-carnitine (LC), a vital nutritional supplement, plays a crucial role in myocardial health and exhibits significant cardioprotective effects. LC, being the principal constituent of clinical-grade supplements, finds extensive application in the recovery and treatment of diverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders. However, controversies persist regarding the utilization of LC in nervous system diseases, with varying effects observed across numerous mental and neurological disorders. This article primarily aims to gather and analyze database information to comprehensively summarize the therapeutic potential of LC in patients suffering from nervous system diseases while providing valuable references for further research. METHODS A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web Of Science, Embase, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library and Clinicaltrials.gov databases. The literature pertaining to the impact of LC supplementation on neurological or psychiatric disorders in patients was reviewed up until November 2023. No language or temporal restrictions were imposed on the search. RESULTS A total of 1479 articles were retrieved, and after the removal of duplicates through both automated and manual exclusion processes, 962 articles remained. Subsequently, a meticulous re-screening led to the identification of 60 relevant articles. Among these, there were 12 publications focusing on hepatic encephalopathy (HE), while neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and peripheral nervous system diseases (PNSDs) were represented by 9 and 6 articles, respectively. Additionally, stroke was addressed in five publications, whereas Raynaud's syndrome (RS) and cognitive disorder (CD) each had three dedicated studies. Furthermore, migraine, depression, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) each accounted for two publications. Lastly, one article was found for other symptoms under investigation. CONCLUSION In summary, LC has demonstrated favorable therapeutic effects in the management of HE, Alzheimer's disease (AD), carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), CD, migraine, neurofibromatosis (NF), PNSDs, RS, and stroke. However, its efficacy appears to be relatively limited in conditions such as ALS, ataxia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), Down syndrome (DS), and sciatica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
| | - Da Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
| | - Qi Liu
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, China;
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, China;
| | - Shaokang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (W.W.); (D.P.); (X.C.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang 712082, China;
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Chourpiliadis C, Zeng Y, Lovik A, Wei D, Valdimarsdóttir U, Song H, Hammar N, Fang F. Metabolic Profile and Long-Term Risk of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress-Related Disorders. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e244525. [PMID: 38564219 PMCID: PMC10988352 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.4525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Biomarkers of lipid, apolipoprotein, and carbohydrate metabolism have been previously suggested to be associated with the risk for depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders, but results are inconsistent. Objective To examine whether the biomarkers of carbohydrate, lipid, and apolipoprotein metabolism are associated with the risk of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. Design, Setting, and Participants This population-based cohort study with longitudinal data collection assessed 211 200 participants from the Apolipoprotein-Related Mortality Risk (AMORIS) cohort who underwent occupational health screening between January 1, 1985, and December 31, 1996, mainly in the Stockholm region in Sweden. Statistical analysis was performed during 2022 to 2023. Exposures Lipid, apolipoprotein, and carbohydrate biomarkers measured in blood. Main Outcomes and Measures The associations between biomarker levels and the risk of developing depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders through the end of 2020 were examined using Cox proportional hazards regression models. In addition, nested case-control analyses were conducted within the cohort, including all incident cases of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders, and up to 10 control individuals per case who were individually matched to the case by year of birth, sex, and year of enrollment to the AMORIS cohort, using incidence density sampling. Population trajectories were used to illustrate the temporal trends in biomarker levels for cases and controls. Results A total of 211 200 individuals (mean [SD] age at first biomarker measurement, 42.1 [12.6] years; 122 535 [58.0%] male; 188 895 [89.4%] born in Sweden) participated in the study. During a mean (SD) follow-up of 21.0 (6.7) years, a total of 16 256 individuals were diagnosed with depression, anxiety, or stress-related disorders. High levels of glucose (hazard ratio [HR], 1.30; 95% CI, 1.20-1.41) and triglycerides (HR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.10-1.20) were associated with an increased subsequent risk of all tested psychiatric disorders, whereas high levels of high-density lipoprotein (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80-0.97) were associated with a reduced risk. These results were similar for male and female participants as well as for all tested disorders. The nested case-control analyses demonstrated that patients with depression, anxiety, or stress-related disorders had higher levels of glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol during the 20 years preceding diagnosis, as well as higher levels of apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B during the 10 years preceding diagnosis, compared with control participants. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of more than 200 000 participants, high levels of glucose and triglycerides and low levels of high-density lipoprotein were associated with future risk of depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. These findings may support closer follow-up of individuals with metabolic dysregulations for the prevention and diagnosis of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Zeng
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anikó Lovik
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dang Wei
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Unnur Valdimarsdóttir
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center of Public Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Huan Song
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Niklas Hammar
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Yang R, Xiang H, Zheng T. Causal associations between severe mental illness and sepsis: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1341559. [PMID: 38532990 PMCID: PMC10964346 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1341559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective SMI (severe mental illness) has been identified as a risk factor for sepsis in observational studies; however, the causal association between them has yet to be firmly established. We conducted MR (mendelian randomization) to unveil the causal relationship between SMI and sepsis as well as sepsis mortality. Methods GWAS (Genome-wide association) data for major depression and schizophrenia were selected as exposure. GWAS data for sepsis and sepsis mortality were selected as outcome. Genetic variants significantly associated with the exposure (P value<1x10-6) were selected as instruments. We primarily employed the IVW (inverse-variance weighted) method for analysis. Furthermore, we employed Cochrane's Q test to assess heterogeneity and the MR-Egger intercept test to identify horizontal pleiotropy. Results We selected 108 SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism) used to predict major depression and 260 SNPs that predicted schizophrenia. Genetically predicted major depression was suggestively linked to a higher sepsis risk (OR=1.13, 95%CI 1.02-1.26, P=0.023). In contrast, MR analysis did not find an association between schizophrenia and sepsis risk (OR=1.00, 95%CI 0.97-1.04, P=0.811). Furthermore, no significant causal evidence was found for genetically predicted SMI in sepsis mortality. Moreover, no heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were detected. Conclusion Our research revealed a suggestive association between genetically predicted major depression and an elevated risk of sepsis in individuals of European ancestry. This finding can serve as a reminder for clinicians to consider the possibility of subsequent infection and sepsis in depressive patients, which may help reduce the incidence of sepsis in individuals with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruhao Yang
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Beigrezaei S, Darabi Z, Davies IG, Mazidi M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Khayyatzadeh SS. Higher global diet quality score is related to lower prevalence of depression and poor quality of life among adolescent girls. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:886. [PMID: 38017405 PMCID: PMC10683251 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05313-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a key time for the development of depression symptoms and the diet quality may be associated with mental health conditions. The present study examined the association between depression and quality of life (QoL) and the global diet quality score (GDQS) as a simple and standardized metric diet quality in Iranian adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 733 adolescent girls recruited using a random cluster sampling method. A 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used for dietary intake assessment. The GDQS is gained by summing points of all the 25 food groups, ranged from 0 to 49. Depression symptoms were assessed using a Persian version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). For assessment of health-related QoL, the Short Form 12 Survey-version 2 (SF-12v2) questionnaire was employed. Multivariable logistic regression examined the association of depression and QoL with GDQS in crude and adjusted models. RESULTS Adolescent girls in the highest tertile of GDQS score compared with the lowest tertile had a 41% lower odds of depressive symptoms (OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.39-0.90, P = 0.01). The participants in the third tertile of GDQS score had lower odds of poor QoL compared with the first tertile (OR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.37-0.85, P < 0.01). These associations remained significant (both P = 0.01) after adjustment for age, energy intake, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and menstruation (depressive symptoms: OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.38-0.92; QoL: OR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.38-0.91, P = 0.01). CONCLUSION We found that adolescent girls with a higher score of the GDQS had lower odds of depression and poor QoL Prospective and interventional investigations are needed to reach a clear vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Beigrezaei
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Zahra Darabi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ian G Davies
- Research Institute of Sport and Exercise Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mohsen Mazidi
- Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Population Health, Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, South Wing St Thomas', London, UK
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- International UNESCO center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye gomnam BLD. ALEM square, Yazd, Iran.
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Panza F, Solfrizzi V, Sardone R, Dibello V, Castellana F, Zupo R, Stallone R, Lampignano L, Bortone I, Mollica A, Berardino G, Ruan Q, Altamura M, Bellomo A, Daniele A, Lozupone M. Depressive and Biopsychosocial Frailty Phenotypes: Impact on Late-life Cognitive Disorders. J Alzheimers Dis 2023:JAD230312. [PMID: 37355907 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
In older age, frailty is a detrimental transitional status of the aging process featuring an increased susceptibility to stressors defined by a clinical reduction of homoeostatic reserves. Multidimensional frailty phenotypes have been associated with all-cause dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer's disease (AD), AD neuropathology, vascular dementia, and non-AD dementias. In the present article, we reviewed current evidence on the existing links among depressive and biopsychosocial frailty phenotypes and late-life cognitive disorders, also examining common pathways and mechanisms underlying these links. The depressive frailty phenotype suggested by the construct of late-life depression (LLD) plus physical frailty is poorly operationalized. The biopsychosocial frailty phenotype, with its coexistent biological/physical and psychosocial dimensions, defines a biological aging status and includes motivational, emotional, and socioeconomic domains. Shared biological pathways/substrates among depressive and biopsychosocial frailty phenotypes and late-life cognitive disorders are hypothesized to be inflammatory and cardiometabolic processes, together with multimorbidity, loneliness, mitochondrial dysfunction, dopaminergic neurotransmission, specific personality traits, lack of subjective/objective social support, and neuroendocrine dysregulation. The cognitive frailty phenotype, combining frailty and cognitive impairment, may be a risk factor for LLD and vice versa, and a construct of depressive frailty linking physical frailty and LLD may be a good dementia predictor. Frailty assessment may enable clinicians to better target the pharmacological and psychological treatment of LLD. Given the epidemiological links of biopsychosocial frailty with dementia and MCI, multidomain interventions might contribute to delay the onset of late-life cognitive disorders and other adverse health-related outcomes, such as institutionalization, more frequent hospitalization, disability, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Panza
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
- "Cesare Frugoni" Internal and Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- "Cesare Frugoni" Internal and Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Sardone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Vittorio Dibello
- "Cesare Frugoni" Internal and Geriatric Medicine and Memory Unit, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fabio Castellana
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zupo
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Stallone
- Neuroscience and Education, Human Resources Excellence in Research, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Luisa Lampignano
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bortone
- Unit of Research Methodology and Data Sciences for Population Health, National Institute of Gastroenterology "Saverio de Bellis", Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Anita Mollica
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Berardino
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Qingwei Ruan
- Laboratory of Aging, Anti-aging & Cognitive Performance, Shanghai Institute of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Geriatrics, Huadong Hospital, Shanghai Medical 14 College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mario Altamura
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonello Bellomo
- Psychiatric Unit, Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Daniele
- Department of Neuroscience, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Madia Lozupone
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience "DiBraiN", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Dehghan-Banadaki S, Hosseinzadeh M, Madadizadeh F, Mozaffari-Khosravi H. Empirically derived dietary patterns and postpartum depression symptoms in a large sample of Iranian women. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:422. [PMID: 37312107 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04910-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a major depressive disorder that mainly begins within one month after delivery. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary patterns and the occurrence of high PPD symptoms in women participating in the initial phase of the Maternal and Child Health cohort study, Yazd, Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional study was carried out in the years 2017-2019 included 1028 women after childbirth The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were study tools. The EPDS questionnaire was used to measure postpartum depression symptoms and a cut-off score of 13 was considered to indicate high PPD symptoms. The baseline data related to dietary intake was collected at the beginning of the study at the first visit after pregnancy diagnosis and the data related to depression, were collected in the second month after delivery. Dietary patterns were extracted by exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Frequency (percentage) and mean (SD) were used for description. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent sample t-test, and multiple logistic regression (MLR) were used for data analysis. RESULTS The incidence of high PPD symptoms was 24%. Four posterior patterns were extracted including prudent pattern, sweet and dessert pattern, junk food pattern and western pattern. A high adherence to the western pattern was associated with a higher risk of high PPD symptoms than a low adherence (ORT3/T1: 2.67; p < 0.001). A high adherence to the Prudent pattern was associated with a lower risk of high PPD symptoms than a low adherence (ORT3/T1: 0.55; p = 0.001). There are not any significant association between sweet and dessert and junk food patterns and high PPD symptoms risk (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION High adherence to prudent patterns was characterized by high intake of vegetables, fruit and juice, nuts and beans, low-fat dairy products, liquid oil, olive, eggs, fish, whole grains had a protective effect against high PPD symptoms, but the effect of western pattern was characterized by high intake of red and processed meats and organs was reverse. Therefore, it is suggested that health care providers have a particular emphasis on the healthy food patterns such as the prudent pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Dehghan-Banadaki
- International Campus, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Farzan Madadizadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hassan Mozaffari-Khosravi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Hajmir MM, Mirzababaei A, Clark CCT, Ghaffarian-Ensaf R, Mirzaei K. The interaction between MC4R gene variant (rs17782313) and dominant dietary patterns on depression in obese and overweight women: a cross sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:83. [PMID: 37072742 PMCID: PMC10111691 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that the minor allele (C allele) for melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) rs17782313 may be associated with depressed mood. Moreover, dietary patterns have potentially adverse effects on depression. This study investigates the interactions between the MC4R gene variant (rs17782313) and dietary patterns on depression among Iranian obese and overweight women. METHODS A total of 289 Iranian overweight and obese women, aged 18-50 years, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Biochemical, anthropometric, and body composition indices were assessed in all participants. Moreover, MC4R rs17782313, by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, and depression, using the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) questionnaire, were assessed. Food intakes were assessed by completing a 147-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). RESULTS By the use of factor analysis, 2 major dietary patterns were extracted: healthy dietary pattern (HDP) and unhealthy dietary pattern (UDP). Binary logistic analysis showed that individuals with minor allele risk (CC) with high adherence to the unhealthy pattern increased odds for depression (OR: 8.77, 95%CI: -0.86-18.40, P: 0.07), after controlling for confounders. Also, a logical inverse relationship was observed between CT genotype and HDP on depression in the crude and adjusted models (OR: -0.56, 95% CI: -3.69-2.57, P: 0.72) (OR: -4.17, 95% CI: -9.28-0.94, P: 0.11), although this interaction was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION According to the above findings, adherence to unhealthy food intake pattern increases odds of depression in MC4R risk allele (C allele) carriers. To confirm these findings, more studies are needed in the form of clinical trials and prospective studies with higher sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahya Mehri Hajmir
- Students' Scientific Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), PO Box 1417755331, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | | | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), P.O. Box:14155-6117, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Wang J, Ye Y, Zou Y, Chen W, Wang Z, Zou Z. Peripheral cytokine levels across psychiatric disorders: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110740. [PMID: 36893912 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Immune dysregulated cytokine production is involved in mental diseases. However, the results are inconsistent and the pattern of cytokine alterations has not been compared across disorders. We performed a network impact analysis of cytokine levels for different psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, panic disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and obsessive compressive disorder to evaluate their clinical impact across conditions. Studies were identified by searching the electronic databases up to 31/05/2022. A total of eight cytokines, together with (high-sensitivity) C-reactive proteins (hsCRP/CRP) were included in the network meta-analysis. The levels of proinflammatory cytokines, hsCRP/CRP and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were significantly increased in patients with psychiatric disorders when compared to controls. IL-6 showed no significant difference among comparisons between disorders according to the network meta-analysis. Interleukin 10 (IL-10) is significantly increased in patients with bipolar disorder compared to major depressive disorder. Further, the level of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) was significantly increased in major depressive disorder as compared to bipolar disorder. The level of interleukin 8 (IL-8) varied among these psychiatric disorders based on the network meta-analysis result. Overall, abnormal cytokine levels were found in psychiatric disorders, and some of the cytokines displayed differential characteristics in these disorders, especially IL-8, pointing to a role as potential biomarkers for general and differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Yu Ye
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yazhu Zou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zuxing Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhili Zou
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Key Laboratory of psychosomatic medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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10
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Bugge E, Wynn R, Mollnes TE, Reitan SK, Lapid M, Grønli OK. C-reactive protein levels and depression in older and younger adults - A study of 19,947 individuals. The Tromsø study. Brain Behav Immun Health 2022; 27:100571. [PMID: 36583067 PMCID: PMC9793216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2022.100571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Erlend Bugge
- University Hospital of North Norway, Regional Centre for Research and Education in Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsoe, Norway,Corresponding author.
| | - Rolf Wynn
- UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Department of Clinical Medicine, Tromsoe, Norway
| | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Oslo University Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Immunology, Oslo, Norway
| | - Solveig Klæbo Reitan
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Mental Health, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Maria Lapid
- Mayo Clinic, Division of Consultation, Department of Psychiatry & Psychology, Rochester MN, USA
| | - Ole Kristian Grønli
- University Hospital of North Norway, Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital of North-Norway, Tromsoe, Norway
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11
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de Mello AJ, Moretti M, Rodrigues ALS. SARS-CoV-2 consequences for mental health: Neuroinflammatory pathways linking COVID-19 to anxiety and depression. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:874-883. [PMID: 36051596 PMCID: PMC9331446 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i7.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been linked to an increased prevalence of mental health disorders, particularly anxiety and depression. Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused stress in people worldwide due to several factors, including fear of infection; social isolation; difficulty in adapting to new routines; lack of coping methods; high exposure to social media, misinformation, and fake reports; economic impact of the measures implemented to slow the contagion and concerns regarding the disease pathogenesis. COVID-19 patients have elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and other inflammation-related factors. Furthermore, invasion of the central nervous system by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may potentially contribute to neuroinflammatory alterations in infected individuals. Neuroinflammation, a consequence of psychological stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic, may also play a role in the development of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the general population. Considering that neuroinflammation plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety, this study investigated the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on mental health and focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the neuroinflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Julie de Mello
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-200, Brazil
| | - Morgana Moretti
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-200, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia S Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-200, Brazil
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12
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Figueroa-Hall LK, Xu B, Kuplicki R, Ford BN, Burrows K, Teague TK, Sen S, Yeh HW, Irwin MR, Savitz J, Paulus MP. Psychiatric symptoms are not associated with circulating CRP concentrations after controlling for medical, social, and demographic factors. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:279. [PMID: 35821205 PMCID: PMC9276683 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02049-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum concentrations (>3 mg/L) of the acute-phase protein, C-reactive protein (CRP), is used as a clinical marker of inflammation and is reported to be a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In psychiatric populations, CRP concentration is reported to be higher in depressed versus healthy individuals. Positive associations between CRP and depression have been established in both clinical and community samples, but effect sizes are attenuated after controlling for confounding variables. Similarly, emerging research has begun to draw a link between inflammation, symptoms of anxiety, and substance abuse. Given the high level of comorbid anxiety and substance use disorders in many depressed populations, this study examined whether depression (Patient Health Questionnaire 9 [PHQ-9]) and substance use-related (Drug Abuse Screening Test [DAST]) symptoms were associated with CRP concentrations in the blood after adjusting for relevant medical, social, and demographic covariates in a large sample undergoing screening for several transdiagnostic psychiatric research studies. A total of 1,724 participants were analyzed for association of CRP with variables using multivariate linear regression. An unadjusted model with no covariates showed that PHQ-9 was significantly associated with CRP in All (β = 0.125), Female (β = 0.091), and Male (β = 0.154) participants, but DAST was significantly associated with CRP in males only (β = 0.120). For the adjusted model, in both males and females, mood-stabilizer treatment (β = 0.630), opioid medication (β = 0.360), body mass index (β = 0.244), percent body fat (β = 0.289), nicotine use (β = 0.063), and self-reported sleep disturbance (β = 0.061) were significantly associated with increased CRP concentrations. In females, oral contraceptive use (β = 0.576), and waist-to-hip ratio (β = 0.086), and in males, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (β = 0.367) were also associated with increased CRP concentrations. There was no significant association between CRP and individual depressive, anxiety, or substance use-related symptoms when covariates were included in the regression models. These results suggest that associations between circulating CRP and the severity of psychiatric symptoms are dependent on the type of covariates controlled for in statistical analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bohan Xu
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
- Department of Computer Science, Tandy School of Computer Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | - Rayus Kuplicki
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - Bart N Ford
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, Oklahoma State University, Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, 74107, USA
| | - Kaiping Burrows
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - T Kent Teague
- Department of Surgery and Department of Psychiatry, University of Oklahoma-School of Community Medicine, Tulsa, OK, 74135, USA
| | - Sandip Sen
- Department of Computer Science, Tandy School of Computer Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74104, USA
| | - Hung-Wen Yeh
- Division of Health Services & Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Michael R Irwin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UCLA Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jonathan Savitz
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74199, USA
| | - Martin P Paulus
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
- Oxley College of Health Sciences, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, 74199, USA
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13
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Warriach ZI, Patel S, Khan F, Ferrer GF. Association of Depression With Cardiovascular Diseases. Cureus 2022; 14:e26296. [PMID: 35911274 PMCID: PMC9313050 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression has long been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We have reviewed the various factors (hormonal, inflammatory, neuroimmune, and behavioral) involved in depression and associated cardiovascular risk factors. Elevation of glucocorticoids due to activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in chronic stress of depression results in hyperglycemia, causing insulin resistance, which is a risk factor for heart diseases. This increase in glucocorticoids also stimulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Literature also showed that chronic stress in depression activates platelet receptors resulting in endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular morbidity. It has been shown by various studies that depressed patients are more prone to unhealthy lifestyles like eating more processed food, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol consumption resulting in weight gain and insulin resistance. Further in the literature, we reviewed some genetic factors associated with depression and cardiovascular outcomes. Elevated glucocorticoids reduce brain-derived neurotrophic factor-dependent upregulation of glutamate receptors involved in various neural circuits associated with depression and neural diseases by suppressing microRNA-132 expression. In depressed obese patients, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK-9), a regulator of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, has been shown to be associated with insulin resistance. This review sheds light on the importance of diagnostic, preventive, and treatment strategies in depressed patients to reduce overall cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
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14
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Kronsten VT, Shawcross DL. Hepatic encephalopathy and depression in chronic liver disease: is the common link systemic inflammation? Anal Biochem 2021; 636:114437. [PMID: 34715068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy and depression share a number of clinical features, such as cognitive impairment and psychomotor retardation, and are highly prevalent in patients with chronic liver disease. Both conditions signify a poor prognosis, carry an increased mortality and are major determinants of reduced health related quality of life. The pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy is complex. Whilst cerebral accumulation of ammonia is well-recognised as being central to the development of hepatic encephalopathy, systemic inflammation, which acts in synergy with hyperammonaemia, is emerging as a key driver in its development. The pro-inflammatory state is also widely documented in depression, and peripheral to brain communication occurs resulting in central inflammation, behavioural changes and depressive symptoms. Gut dysbiosis, with a similar reduction in beneficial bacteria, increase in pathogens and decreased bacterial diversity, has been observed in both hepatic encephalopathy and depression, and it may be that the resultant increased bacterial translocation causes their shared inflammatory pathophysiology. Whilst the literature on a positive association between hepatic encephalopathy and depression in cirrhosis remains to be substantiated, there is evolving evidence that treatment with psychobiotics may be of dual benefit, improving cognition and mood in cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Tatiana Kronsten
- Institute of Liver Studies, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK.
| | - Debbie Lindsay Shawcross
- Institute of Liver Studies, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, UK
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15
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Association between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels and depression: Moderation by age, sex, obesity, and aerobic physical activity. J Affect Disord 2021; 291:375-383. [PMID: 34091325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-grade systemic inflammation evidenced by elevated serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels can be a biomarker for depression. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms and to explore the potential moderating effects of age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and aerobic physical activity on the association. METHODS Data of 10,702 adults (≥ 19 years) were obtained from the nationwide cross-sectional Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys of 2016 and 2018. Significant depressive symptoms were defined as ≥ 10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and high hsCRP level was defined as > 3.0 mg/L. RESULTS Adults with high hsCRP levels were more likely to have depressive symptoms (odds ratio [OR]: 1.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.84) and suicidal ideation (OR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.07-1.80) than those with low hsCRP levels. In the age- and sex-stratified analysis, high hsCRP levels were associated with depressive symptoms in the non-geriatric population (age ≤ 64 years) alone, with a higher OR in males than females. In subgroup analyses, the association between them was observed only among obese adults and adults without aerobic physical activity. LIMITATIONS Causal interpretation is limited due to the cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS Our results replicate previous findings of an association between high hsCRP levels and depressive symptoms in adults using a large nationally representative sample. The association between them was more prominent in the non-geriatric population, males, obese adults, and those without aerobic physical activity.
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16
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Chertcoff A, Cejas LL, Marchesoni C, Reisin R. Depression: The Hidden Problem in Fabry Disease. A Review. JOURNAL OF INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM AND SCREENING 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/2326-4594-jiems-2021-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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17
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The Association between Dietary Patterns and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Adults. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8380151. [PMID: 32908917 PMCID: PMC7475746 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8380151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies of the relationship between diet and depression have focused on single nutrients or food. Recent research suggested that dietary patterns may offer more information than an individual nutrient in assessing disease risk. We designed this study to assess the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in the adult population of China. Methods We identified 372 Chinese residents for this research. Factor analysis was used to extract dietary patterns from 30 predefined food groups. Dietary intake was assessed using an effective self-administered food frequency questionnaire, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score. Subjects were considered to have depressive symptoms when they had a PHQ-9 score of >4. Results We identified four eating patterns: “vegetables-fruits,” “traditional Chinese,” “pastry-fruits,” and “animal food” dietary patterns. After adjusting for potential confounders, participants in the highest tertile animal food pattern (considered to be an unhealthy pattern) were more prone to depressive symptoms compared with participants in the lowest tertile (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.02-4.24). Conclusions The animal food pattern was associated with an increased risk of depressive symptoms.
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18
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Gao X, Kim S, Zhao T, Ren M, Chae J. Social defeat stress induces myocardial injury by modulating inflammatory factors. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520936903. [PMID: 32687424 PMCID: PMC7372629 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520936903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and glucose-regulated protein (GRP) 78, as well as the inflammatory factors nuclear factor (NF)-κB and IκBα, to assess how social defeat stress induces myocardial injury. Furthermore, we evaluated the protective effects of the ER stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) on myocardial injury in mice. METHODS Adult mice were divided into control, control + PBA, social defeat, and social defeat + PBA groups. The social defeat and social defeat + PBA groups were exposed to social defeat stress for 10 days. Cardiac tissues from all groups were analyzed after social defeat stress. H9C2 cells were used to detect the role of the ER stress agonist thapsigargin on expression of ER stress and inflammatory markers. RESULTS Social defeat stress promoted apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, increased CHOP, NF-κB and, phospho-NF-κB protein expression, and decreased GRP78 and IκBα protein expression. Moreover, PBA significantly reversed these changes and attenuated thapsigargin-induced increased expression of CHOP and phospho-NF-κB, and decreased IκBα expression in H9C2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Social defeat stress initiates ER stress, promotes expression of inflammatory factors, and induces myocardial injury. Inhibiting ER stress could protect the myocardium from social defeat stress-induced myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- XiaoLei Gao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - SangJin Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Tong Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - MingFen Ren
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - JeiKeon Chae
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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19
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Himmerich H, Fulda S, Linseisen J, Seiler H, Wolfram G, Himmerich S, Gedrich K, Kloiber S, Lucae S, Ising M, Uhr M, Holsboer F, Pollmächer T. Depression, comorbidities and the TNF-α system. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 23:421-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2008.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2007] [Revised: 03/18/2008] [Accepted: 03/22/2008] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractDepression has frequently been reported to be associated with other physical diseases and changes in the cytokine system. We aimed to investigate associations between a medical history of depression, its comorbidities and cytokine plasma levels in the Bavarian Nutrition Survey II (BVS II) study sample and in patients suffering from an acute depressive episode.The BVS II is a representative study of the Bavarian population aged 13–80 years. The disease history of its 1050 participants was assessed through face-to-face interviews. A sub-sample of 568 subjects and 62 additional acutely depressed inpatients of the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry participated in anthropometric measurements and blood sampling. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and soluble TNF receptor (sTNF-R) p55 and sTNF-R p75 plasma levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.A history of depression was associated with a higher incidence of high blood pressure, peptic ulcer, dyslipoproteinemia, osteoporosis, allergic skin rash, atopic eczema and thyroid disease.Within the BVS II sample, participants with a history of depression differed from subjects who had never had depression with regard to sTNF-R p55 and sTNF-R p75 levels even when controlling for age, BMI and smoking status. Acutely depressed inpatients showed even higher levels of sTNF-R p55 and sTNF-R p75 than subjects in the normal population. TNF-α levels were also significantly elevated in acutely depressed patients.These results confirm earlier studies regarding the comorbidities of depression and support the hypothesis that activation of the TNF-α system may contribute to the development of a depressive disorder.
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20
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Ravona-Springer R, Lutski M, Schnaider Beeri M, Goldbourt U, Tanne D. C-reactive protein in midlife is associated with depressive symptoms two decades later among men with coronary heart disease. Nord J Psychiatry 2020; 74:226-233. [PMID: 31769325 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2019.1695284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Aim: We investigated the relationship between midlife C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in men with coronary heart disease (CHD) and depressive symptoms at old age. CRP levels were measured in a subset of patients with CHD, who previously participated in a secondary prevention trial.Methods: Depressive symptoms were evaluated in survivors of the original cohort 15.0 ± 3 and 19.9 ± 1 years later (T1, n = 463 and T2, n = 314 respectively) using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), 15-item version. Logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95%CIs for presence of potentially clinically significant depressive symptoms (GDS ≥5) at T1 and T2.Results: Adjusting for demographic and health-related variables, the OR (95%CI) for GDS ≥5 was 1.23 (0.65-2.33); p = .53 at T1 and 2.36 (1.16-4.83); p = .018 at T2 in the top CRP tertile compared to the others. Similarly, consistently high CRP levels in the top tertile at baseline and 2 years later, were associated with OR of 2.85 (95%CI 1.29-6.30); p = .01 for GDS ≥5 at T2.Conclusions: Presence and persistence of low-grade inflammation in men with CHD during midlife are associated with increased risk of depressive symptoms twenty years later. Among middle aged men with CHD, low-grade inflammation may provide an important added value for prediction of depression in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramit Ravona-Springer
- The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Psychiatric Division, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Miri Lutski
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Israel Center for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Michal Schnaider Beeri
- The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Uri Goldbourt
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Tanne
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Stroke and Cognition Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
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21
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Johnson LA, Zhang F, Large S, Hall J, O'Bryant SE. The impact of comorbid depression-diabetes on proteomic outcomes among community-dwelling Mexican Americans with mild cognitive impairment. Int Psychogeriatr 2020; 32:17-23. [PMID: 31658917 PMCID: PMC7002187 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610219001625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mexican Americans suffer from a disproportionate burden of modifiable risk factors, which may contribute to the health disparities in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to elucidate the impact of comorbid depression and diabetes on proteomic outcomes among community-dwelling Mexican American adults and elders. METHODS Data from participants enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain among Latino Elders study was utilized. Participants were 50 or older and identified as Mexican American (N = 514). Cognition was assessed via neuropsychological test battery and diagnoses of MCI and AD adjudicated by consensus review. The sample was stratified into four groups: Depression only, Neither depression nor diabetes, Diabetes only, and Comorbid depression and diabetes. Proteomic profiles were created via support vector machine analyses. RESULTS In Mexican Americans, the proteomic profile of MCI may change based upon the presence of diabetes. The profile has a strong inflammatory component and diabetes increases metabolic markers in the profile. CONCLUSION Medical comorbidities may impact the proteomics of MCI and AD, which lend support for a precision medicine approach to treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Ann Johnson
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Stephanie Large
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - James Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Sidney E O'Bryant
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Translational Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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22
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Jung YE, Kang KY. Elevated hs-CRP level is associated with depression in younger adults: Results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2016). Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 109:104397. [PMID: 31377557 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.104397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reports on the association between the level of circulating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and depression have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to examine the association between hs-CRP and depression in a large sample. METHODS This study used data obtained from a representative Korean sample of 5447 people who participated in the first (2016) year of the seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES VII-1). Depression was identified using a cutoff of 5 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and high hs-CPR level was defined as ≥ 3.0 mg/L. FINDINGS Participants with a high CRP levels had a significantly higher rate of depression than did those with a low hs-CRP levels (25.1% vs. 19.8%, p = 0.007). Serum hs-CRP was independently associated with the PHQ-9 total score after adjusting for potentially confounding factors (B = 0.014; 95% CI = 0.008-0.020). After controlling for body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol use problems, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, chronic illness related hs-CRP, and metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, elevated hs-CRP level was significantly associated with an increased risk of depression (adjusted OR = 1.44; 95% CI = 1.01-2.07) in younger adults, but no significant association was observed among older adults. CONCLUSION These findings suggest a significant correlation between high hs-CRP levels and depression in younger adults. Further studies are necessary to investigate the age-specific association and the biological mechanism involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Eun Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwi Young Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 56 Dongsu-ro, Bupyeong-gu, Incheon, Republic of Korea.
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Linking What We Eat to Our Mood: A Review of Diet, Dietary Antioxidants, and Depression. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090376. [PMID: 31491962 PMCID: PMC6769512 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that diet and nutrition play significant roles in the prevention of depression and its clinical treatment. The present review aims to provide a clear understanding of the associations between diet patterns, specific foods, nutrients such as antioxidants, and depression. As a result, balanced dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet and certain foods such as fish, fresh vegetables, and fruits have been associated with a lower risk of depression or depressive symptoms, while high-fat Western diets and sugar-sweetened beverages have been associated with higher risk of depression or depressive symptoms. Dietary antioxidants such as green tea polyphenols or isoflavonoid intake have been negatively associated with depression or depressive symptoms. It is concluded that diet patterns, specific foods, and antioxidants play important roles in the prevention and clinical treatment of depression.
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Al-Qahtani AM, Shaikh MAK, Shaikh IA. Exercise as a treatment modality for depression: A narrative review. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Awad Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ibrahim Ahmed Shaikh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
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Emmer KM, Walker WH, Zhang N, DeVries AC. Mammary tumor and mastectomy synergistically promote neuroinflammation in a breast cancer survivor model. Brain Res 2018; 1707:133-140. [PMID: 30496733 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding why breast cancer survivors are at an increased risk for cognitive and affective disorders is essential for developing targeted treatment plans and improving quality of life. Microglia priming results in chronic neuroinflammation and can contribute to neuronal degeneration and dysfunction, thereby offering a potential mechanism for altered brain function that persists after tumor removal. This study examined whether mammary tumors alter microglia and augment the inflammatory profile and behavior of mice. To test this, non-metastatic mammary tumor cells (67NR) were injected orthotopically into the mammary glands of BALB/c mice, allowed to grow for 16 days, and then the tumors were removed via mastectomy. Following a 14-day surgical recovery, the mice were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and then central and peripheral inflammation, anxiety, and depressive-like behavior were evaluated. Here we show that major central and peripheral inflammatory markers were not altered by tumor growth nor mastectomy surgery alone. However, hippocampal mRNA expression of major proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα was increased in tumor removal animals, persisting past surgical recovery. Nonetheless, the immune and behavioral responses following LPS administration were comparable among groups. In sum, these data demonstrate that the combination of tumor and mastectomy promotes neuroinflammation; however, immune challenge did not elucidate this inflammation as maladaptive for the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn M Emmer
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Veterinary Preventative Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - William H Walker
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States; Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States; Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States; Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States; Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States
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Health, pre-disease and critical transition to disease in the psycho-immune-neuroendocrine network: Are there distinct states in the progression from health to major depressive disorder? Physiol Behav 2018; 198:108-119. [PMID: 30393143 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The psycho-immune-neuroendocrine (PINE) network is a regulatory network of interrelated physiological pathways that have been implicated in major depressive disorder (MDD). A model of disease progression for MDD is presented where the stable, healthy state of the PINE network (PINE physiome) undergoes progressive pathophysiological changes to an unstable but reversible pre-disease state (PINE pre-diseasome) with chronic stress. The PINE network may then undergo critical transition to a stable, possibly irreversible disease state of MDD (PINE pathome). Critical transition to disease is heralded by early warning signs which are detectible by biomarkers specific to the PINE network and may be used as a screening test for MDD. Critical transition to MDD may be different for each individual, as it is reliant on diathesis, which comprises genetic predisposition, intrauterine and developmental factors. Finally, we propose the PINE pre-disease state may form a "universal pre-disease state" for several non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and critical transition of the PINE network may lead to one of several frequently associated disease states (influenced by diathesis), supporting the existence of a common Chronic Illness Risk Network (CIRN). This may provide insight into both the puzzle of multifinality and the growing clinical challenge of multimorbidity.
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Pro-inflammatory Cytokines, Biomarkers, Genetics and the Immune System: A Mechanistic Approach of Depression and Psoriasis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 47:177-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Gaarden TL, Engedal K, Benth JŠ, Larsen M, Lorentzen B, Mollnes TE, Bjølseth TM, Castellheim A. Exploration of 27 plasma immune markers: a cross-sectional comparison of 64 old psychiatric inpatients having unipolar major depression and 18 non-depressed old persons. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:149. [PMID: 29940870 PMCID: PMC6020236 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0836-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of major depression (MD) according to population studies is the same for old (65 years and older) and younger adults. In contrast, an elevated proportion of old MD patients are hospitalized compared to younger adults with MD, indicating a need to expand the characteristics of old inpatients with MD. To illustrate this point, the association between inflammation and MD in old psychiatric inpatients is sparsely investigated even though an association between inflammation and treatment resistance among younger adults with MD has been reported. In this study, we aimed to explore the plasma concentrations of 27 immune markers in old inpatients with MD, and our purpose was to expand the understanding of inflammatory mechanisms in these patients. METHODS Prior to electroconvulsive treatment of MD, we compared 64 inpatients with unipolar MD (mean age 75.2 years) and 18 non-depressed controls (mean age 78.0 years). Symptoms characterizing MD were assessed by the Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression (HRSD)-17, and the immune markers from peripheral blood plasma were analysed using multiplex assay technology. For statistical analysis of data, we used the independent samples median test, independent samples t-test, χ2-test, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses, stepwise discriminant analysis, and multivariate linear regression. RESULTS Twenty-two immune markers representing pro- and anti-inflammatory, adaptive and trophic signalling had higher concentrations in the inpatients compared to the controls. Only the four immune markers IL-1β, IL-5, IL-10 and IL-15 had concentrations below the lower detection limit in a considerable portion (above 20%) of the patient cases. A combination of the concentration in plasma of TNF, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), IL-1β, IL-7 and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, correctly classified 98.4% of the depressed patients and 83.3% of the non-depressed controls. Plasma concentration of TNF and VEGF were associated with the HRSD-17 scores (p = 0.017 and 0.005, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that several inflammatory mechanisms may be highly activated in old psychiatric inpatients with MD, and indicate that immune markers may contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of MD in old persons. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT01559324 ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torfinn Lødøen Gaarden
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Pastor Fangens vei 18, 0854, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Knut Engedal
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Pastor Fangens vei 18, 0854, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Centre of Ageing and Health, and the Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jūratė Šaltytė Benth
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Campus Ahus, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Marianne Larsen
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Pastor Fangens vei 18, 0854, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bernhard Lorentzen
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Pastor Fangens vei 18, 0854, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital and K.G. Jebsen IRC, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital Bodø and K.G. Jebsen TREC, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway.,Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tor Magne Bjølseth
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Pastor Fangens vei 18, 0854, Oslo, Norway
| | - Albert Castellheim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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29
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Ramirez JL, Drudi LM, Grenon SM. Review of biologic and behavioral risk factors linking depression and peripheral artery disease. Vasc Med 2018; 23:478-488. [DOI: 10.1177/1358863x18773161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of depression has been rising rapidly, and depression has been recognized as one of the world’s leading causes of disability. More recently, depression has been associated with an increased risk of symptomatic atherosclerotic disease as well as worse perioperative outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. Additionally, recent studies have demonstrated an association between depression and peripheral artery disease (PAD), which has been estimated to affect more than 200 million people worldwide. These studies have identified that depression is associated with poor functional and surgical outcomes in patients with PAD. Although the directionality and specific mechanisms underlying this association have yet to be clearly defined, several biologic and behavioral risk factors have been identified to play a role in this relationship. These factors include tobacco use, physical inactivity, medical non-adherence, endothelial and coagulation dysfunction, and dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, autonomic system, and immune system. In this article, we review these potential mechanisms and the current evidence linking depression and PAD, as well as future directions for research and interventional strategies. Understanding and elucidating this relationship may assist in preventing the development of PAD and may improve the care that patients with PAD and comorbid depression receive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel L Ramirez
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura M Drudi
- Division of Vascular Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - S Marlene Grenon
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Vascular Surgery Section, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
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30
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Kim JM, Stewart R, Kim JW, Kang HJ, Bae KY, Kim SW, Shin IS, Yoon JS. Changes in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and late-life depression: A two year population based longitudinal study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 90:85-91. [PMID: 29471232 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal associations of cytokine levels with depression are unclear. This study aimed to investigate cross-sectional and prospective associations between five serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels and late-life depression. 732 Korean people aged 65+ were evaluated at baseline. Of 631 without depression (Geriatric Mental State schedule) at baseline, 521 (83%) were followed over a 2 year period and incident depression was ascertained. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels were assayed at both baseline and follow-up. Associations between cytokine levels and depressive status were evaluated using linear regression models, considering potential covariates (demographics, cognitive function, disability, lifestyle factors, and vascular risk factors) and applying Bonferroni corrections. Prevalent depression at baseline was significantly associated with higher contemporaneous levels of IL-1β and IL-8, independent of relevant covariates and after applying Bonferroni corrections. In the analyses of the five cytokine levels in combination, independent associations were found between prevalent depression and increased numbers of cytokines at higher levels at baseline. Incident depression was significantly associated with increases in IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 levels during the follow-up independent of relevant covariates and after applying Bonferroni corrections. In combination analyses, incident depression was independently associated with higher numbers of cytokines showing increasing levels over the same follow-up period. However, incident depression was not predicted by higher baseline pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in any analysis. Our findings suggest that depression might affect serum cytokines alterations and lead to inflammatory processes in late-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea.
| | - Robert Stewart
- King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ju-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Ju Kang
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Yeol Bae
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wan Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Seon Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Sang Yoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 501-757, Republic of Korea
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31
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O'Shea DM, Dotson VM, Woods AJ, Porges EC, Williamson JB, O'Shea A, Cohen R. Depressive Symptom Dimensions and Their Association with Hippocampal and Entorhinal Cortex Volumes in Community Dwelling Older Adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29515435 PMCID: PMC5826180 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Research has shown that depression is a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and subsequent cognitive decline. This is compounded by evidence showing an association between depression and reduced hippocampal volumes; a primary structure implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. Less is known about the relationship between depression and other AD vulnerable regions such as the entorhinal cortex. Given the heterogeneity of depressive symptom presentation, we examined whether symptom dimensions were associated with hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volumes in community dwelling older adults. Methods: Eighty-one community dwelling adults completed the Beck Depression Inventory – second edition and underwent structural neuroimaging. Measures of hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volumes were obtained using FreeSurfer software. Linear regression models included regions of interest as dependent variables, with depressive symptom dimensions, as independent variables, controlling for total intracranial volumes, age, education, and gender. Results: Somatic symptoms were negatively associated with total, right, and left hippocampal volumes. Affective symptoms were negatively associated with total entorhinal cortex volumes, with a marginal main effect on left entorhinal cortex volumes. Conclusion: Our findings provide support for examining depressive symptoms and their association with AD vulnerable regions along subdimensions of affective, cognitive, and somatic symptoms to better understand profiles of symptoms most associated with these regions. Conceptualizing depressive symptoms in this way may also better inform treatment approaches in terms of targeting types of symptoms that may be more closely linked to poorer brain and cognitive health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre M O'Shea
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Vonetta M Dotson
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Adam J Woods
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Eric C Porges
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - John B Williamson
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Andrew O'Shea
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Ronald Cohen
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Smith KJ, Au B, Ollis L, Schmitz N. The association between C-reactive protein, Interleukin-6 and depression among older adults in the community: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Exp Gerontol 2018; 102:109-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wang CJ, Yang TF, Wang GS, Zhao YY, Yang LJ, Bi BN. Association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms among middle-aged adults in China in 2016-2017. Psychiatry Res 2018; 260:123-129. [PMID: 29182923 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 11/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the associations of dietary patterns with depressive symptoms in middle-aged Chinese adults. The cross-sectional study participants were 1360 Chinese adults (45-59 years, 659 males and 701 females) who participated in a Health Survey at the time of periodic checkup. Dietary intakes were assessed via a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratio(OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI) for depressive symptoms according to quartiles of each dietary pattern score. Four major dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis: traditional Chinese, Western, grains-vegetables and high-salt patterns. After controlling for potential confounders, participants in the highest quartile of the Western pattern scores had greater odds of depressive symptoms than those in the lowest quartile. In contrast, participants in the highest quartile of the grains-vegetables pattern had lower odds of depressive symptoms than those in the lowest quartile. Nevertheless, no significant associations were observed between the traditional Chinese and high-salt patterns and the risk of depressive symptoms, even after adjusting for potential confounders. The findings indicate that the Western pattern is associated with an increased risk, and the grains-vegetables pattern is associated with a reduced risk of depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Jiang Wang
- Division of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Lanshan district, Linyi 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Tong-Fang Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Medical Technical College, Lanshan district, 276000 Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Guang-Sheng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Sixth People's Hospital, Zhangqiu district, Jinan 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhangqiu District Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhangqiu district, Jinan 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Li-Jun Yang
- Department of Neurology, Jinan Sixth People's Hospital, Zhangqiu district, Jinan 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Bin-Na Bi
- Department of Traumatology, North Medical Area, Linyi People's Hospital, Lanshan district, Linyi 276000, Shandong, China.
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Tabatabaeizadeh SA, Abdizadeh MF, Meshkat Z, Khodashenas E, Darroudi S, Fazeli M, Ferns GA, Avan A, Ghayour-Mobarhan M. There is an association between serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations and depression score in adolescent girls. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 88:102-104. [PMID: 29197794 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whilst there is evidence of an association between depression and inflammation in adults, there is limited data on this in adolescents particularly in non-westernized populations. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the association between serum hs-CRP level and depression score in adolescent girls living in northwestern Iran. METHOD Serum hs-CRP was measured in 563 adolescent girls aged 12-18 years. Depression score was assessed using the Beck's depression inventory II (BDI-II). RESULTS: Serum hs-CRP was 0.61 (0.30-0.88) mg/L [median (interquartile range)] in the non-depressed group, 0.97 (0.50-1.82) mg/L in the group with a mild depression score, 1.04 (0.57-1.60) mg/L in those with a moderate depression score, and 0.84 (0.45-2.64) mg/L in girls with severe depression (Kruskal-Wallis test, P<0.001). It has shown that hs-CRP is significantly higher in depressed groups. Multinomial logistic regression analysis, controlling for age, BMI, waist circumference, social class, alcohol consumption, smoking or being passive smoker and recent infections, showed that depression scores were positively associated with serum hs-CRP level (OR=1.93, P<0.001). Using a linear model after adjustment, B (the unstandardized beta) of hs-CRP according to the depression score was 1.43, P<0.001. CONCLUSION There is a significant association between serum hs-CRP and depression score in adolescent girls. The cross sectional study design does not allow us to conclude that there is a direct relationship between inflammation and depression, and this would need to be tested in an intervention study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed-Amir Tabatabaeizadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Fattahi Abdizadeh
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Zahra Meshkat
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ezzat Khodashenas
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Susan Darroudi
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Fazeli
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
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Musinguzi K, Obuku A, Nakasujja N, Birabwa H, Nakku J, Levin J, Kinyanda E. Association between major depressive disorder and pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins among HIV-1 positive patients in Uganda. BMC Immunol 2018; 19:1. [PMID: 29298663 PMCID: PMC5751544 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-017-0239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric complication of HIV/AIDS. While considerable research has been undertaken to understand the psychosocial risk factors of MDD, there is a paucity of data on its biological risk factors including immunological factors. To address this we undertook a study to investigate the association between MDD and pro-inflammatory cytokines and acute phase proteins among persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Uganda. We collected clinical and laboratory data on 201 PLWHA attending two HIV clinics in central and southwestern Uganda. Clinical data included DSM-IV based MDD diagnosis, while laboratory data included the concentrations of IL-6, TNF-α and CRP measured using ELISA. Multiple logistic linear regression analysis was used to determine which proteins were independently significantly associated with MDD controlling for study site, sex, age and highest educational attainment. Results The prevalence of MDD was 62/201 (30.8%). Adjusting for confounders, the odds of MDD increased with increasing levels of IL-6 [each unit increase in IL-6 titres was associated with an aOR = 0.98 (95% CI, 0.97–0.99); p < 0.001]. Participants with low levels of TNF-α were at reduced risk of MDD compared to participants with no TNF-α [those with a TNF-α of 1- <50 pg/ml titres had an aOR = 0.35(95% CI,0.10–1.16)], but as the level of TNF-α increased, the risk of MDD increased, and in particular participants with high levels of TNF-α (of 500 or above) were at a significantly increased risk of MDD [e.g. those with a TNF-α of 500- < 1000 pg/ml titres had an aOR = 3.98 (95% CI,1.29–12.33)] compared to participants with no TNF-α. There was no evidence that MDD was associated with the level of CRP titres [aOR = 0.95 (0.78–1.15); p = 0.60)]. Conclusion In this study, the pro-inflammatory proteins IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly associated with MDD, while CRP was not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Musinguzi
- MRC/UVRI, Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Andrew Obuku
- MRC/UVRI, Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Noeline Nakasujja
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Harriet Birabwa
- Butabika National Psychiatric Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Juliet Nakku
- Butabika National Psychiatric Referral Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Jonathan Levin
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Eugene Kinyanda
- MRC/UVRI, Uganda Research Unit on AIDS, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda. .,Department of Psychiatry, Makerere College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda. .,Senior Wellcome Trust Fellowship, London, UK.
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Li Y, Lv MR, Wei YJ, Sun L, Zhang JX, Zhang HG, Li B. Dietary patterns and depression risk: A meta-analysis. Psychiatry Res 2017; 253:373-382. [PMID: 28431261 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Although some studies have reported potential associations of dietary patterns with depression risk, a consistent perspective hasn't been estimated to date. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the relation between dietary patterns and the risk of depression. A literature research was conducted searching MEDLINE and EMBASE databases up to September 2016. In total, 21 studies from ten countries met the inclusion criteria and were included in the present meta-analysis. A dietary pattern characterized by a high intakes of fruit, vegetables, whole grain, fish, olive oil, low-fat dairy and antioxidants and low intakes of animal foods was apparently associated with a decreased risk of depression. A dietary pattern characterized by a high consumption of red and/or processed meat, refined grains, sweets, high-fat dairy products, butter, potatoes and high-fat gravy, and low intakes of fruits and vegetables is associated with an increased risk of depression. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that healthy pattern may decrease the risk of depression, whereas western-style may increase the risk of depression. However, more randomized controlled trails and cohort studies are urgently required to confirm this findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Li
- Outpatient Operation Room, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Rong Lv
- Department of Nursing, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Jin Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Sun
- Department of Nursing, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai-Guo Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Linyi People's Hospital, Jiefang Road Number 27, Lanshan district, Linyi 276003, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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de Menezes ST, de Figueiredo RC, Goulart AC, Nunes MA, M Benseñor I, Viana MC, Barreto SM. Lack of association between depression and C-reactive protein level in the baseline of Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). J Affect Disord 2017; 208:448-454. [PMID: 27816325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression has been linked to increased levels of inflammatory markers in clinical studies, but results from general population samples are inconsistent. We aimed to investigate whether depression was associated with serum CRP levels in a cross-sectional analysis of a large cohort from a middle-income country. METHODS We analyzed baseline data from 14,821 participants (35-74 years) of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Current depression (last 7 days) was assessed by the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R). Because individuals on antidepressants could be negative on CIS-R due to their therapeutic effect, the explanatory variable had three categories: (1) negative on CIS-R and not using antidepressant (reference); (2) negative on CIS-R but using antidepressant; (3) positive on CIS-R with/without antidepressant use. Associations with CRP were investigated by general linear model (GLM). RESULTS After adjustments for confounders, neither current depression, nor antidepressant use was statistically associated with elevated CRP levels. Additionally, analyzes stratified by gender, type and severity of depression did not change the results. LIMITATIONS The reference group in our analysis might include participants with a lifetime history of depression. Additionally, the exclusion of questions on weight fluctuation and appetite from the CIS-R applied in ELSA-Brasil may have slightly underestimated the prevalence of depression, as well as limited our ability to assess the presence of somatic symptoms. CONCLUSION This study found no association between current depression, use of antidepressants, and serum CRP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Teles de Menezes
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences Applied to Adult Health Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Angélica Nunes
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Isabela M Benseñor
- Clinical Research Center and Epidemiology, Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Carmen Viana
- Department of Social Medicine Post-Graduate Program in Public Health, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil
| | - Sandhi Maria Barreto
- Postgraduate Program in Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Professor Alfredo Balena, 190, Belo Horizonte, MG, 30130-100, Brazil.
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Peripheral Inflammatory Parameters in Late-Life Depression: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17122022. [PMID: 27918465 PMCID: PMC5187822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorders appear relatively frequently in older patients, and therefore represent an important disease burden worldwide. Given the high levels of inflammatory parameters found in depressed elderly patients, the "inflammaging" hypothesis is gaining strength. In this systematic review, we summarize current evidence regarding the relationship between inflammatory parameters and late-life depression, with a unique focus on longitudinal studies to guarantee temporality. According to the data summarized in this review, the levels of some proinflammatory parameters-especially interleukin (IL)-8, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-could serve as biomarkers for the future development of depressive symptoms in elderly patients. Proinflammatory cytokines seem to be associated with the future development of clinically significant depression, irrespective of baseline scores, thus indicating that inflammation temporally precedes and increases depression risk. As insufficient research has been conducted in this field, further prospective studies are clearly warranted.
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Jovanova O, Luik AI, Leening MJG, Noordam R, Aarts N, Hofman A, Franco OH, Dehghan A, Tiemeier H. The long-term risk of recognized and unrecognized myocardial infarction for depression in older men. Psychol Med 2016; 46:1951-1960. [PMID: 26996221 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716000544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between myocardial infarction (MI) and depression is well described. Yet, the underlying mechanisms are unclear and the contribution of psychological factors is uncertain. We aimed to determine the risk of recognized (RMI) and unrecognized (UMI) myocardial infections on depression, as both have a similar impact on cardiovascular health but differ in psychological epiphenomena. METHOD Participants of the Rotterdam Study, 1823 men aged ⩾55 years, were followed for the occurrence of depression. RMI and UMI were ascertained using electrocardiography and medical history at baseline. We determined the strength of the association of RMI and UMI with mortality, and we studied the relationship of RMI and UMI with depressive symptoms and the occurrence of major depression. RESULTS The risk of mortality was similar in men with RMI [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.45-2.03] and UMI (aHR 1.58, 95% CI 1.27-1.97). Men with RMI had on average [unstandardized regression coefficient (B) 1.14, 95% CI 0.07-2.21] higher scores for depressive symptoms. By contrast, we found no clear association between UMI and depressive symptoms (B 0.55, 95% CI -0.51 to 1.62) in men. Analysis including occurrence of major depression as the outcome were consistent with the pattern of association. CONCLUSION The discrepant association of RMI and UMI with mortality compared to depression suggests that the psychological burden of having experienced an MI contributes to the long-term risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Jovanova
- Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - A I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - M J G Leening
- Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - R Noordam
- Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - N Aarts
- Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - A Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - O H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - A Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
| | - H Tiemeier
- Department of Epidemiology,Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam,Rotterdam,The Netherlands
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Jiao JT, Cheng C, Ma YJ, Huang J, Dai MC, Jiang C, Wang C, Shao JF. Association between inflammatory cytokines and the risk of post-stroke depression, and the effect of depression on outcomes of patients with ischemic stroke in a 2-year prospective study. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1591-1598. [PMID: 27588080 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between inflammatory cytokines and the risk of post-stroke depression (PSD) remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate this association and the effect of PSD on the outcomes of ischemic stroke patients. A total of 355 patients who had experienced ischemic stroke participated in inflammatory cytokine detection by ELISA, in addition to depression, quality of life (QOL) and body performance testing. Cox regression was used to evaluate the associations between PSD risk, inflammatory cytokines and the outcomes of patients. Measurement data was evaluated using Student's t test, and counted data was measured by χ2 test. The incidence of PSD during the 2-year follow-up was 23.1%. The risk of PSD elevated with increased interleukin (IL)-6 expression levels [hazard ratio (HR)=3.18; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.37-7.36] following the adjustment of confounders. However, no significant associations were identified between PSD and other inflammatory cytokines. QOL and body performance in the depressed group were significantly worse compared with those in the non-depressed group. The risk of stroke recurrence in patients with depression increased two-fold compared with patients without depression (HR=2.020; 95% CI, 1.123-3.635; Ptrend=0.019). No significant associations between PSD and the risk of mortality (HR=1.497; 95% CI, 0.547-4.098) were observed. In conclusion, depression is prevalent in patients following ischemic stroke. IL-6 is positively associated with the risk of PSD, and may predict its development in patients following ischemic stroke. PSD correlates with outcomes of patients, and the effective management of PSD may improve the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Tong Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Ying-Jun Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Min-Chao Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Fei Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, P.R. China
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De Berardis D, Campanella D, Gambi F, La Rovere R, Carano A, Conti CM, Sivestrini C, Serroni N, Piersanti D, Di Giuseppe B, Moschetta FS, Cotellessa C, Fulcheri M, Salerno RM, Ferro FM. The Role of C-Reactive Protein in Mood Disorders. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2016; 19:721-5. [PMID: 17166394 DOI: 10.1177/039463200601900402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, a possible relationship between C-Reactive Protein (CRP), a marker of underlying low-grade inflammation, and mood disorders has been proposed by some researchers. The aim of this review is to elucidate the current facts and views about CRP in mood disorders such as Depressive and Bipolar Disorders. Several studies have examined the relationship between affective disorders and CRP, but the majority of the studies in literature have been limited by retrospective, case-controlled study design, and very few studies have examined the relationship between depression and CRP in large study samples. In conclusion, the role of CRP in mood disorders is, to date, intriguing but somewhat unclear. Further prospective studies are needed to introduce the CRP in clinical settings as a marker of affective states and suicidability.
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Affiliation(s)
- D De Berardis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Oncology and Neurosciences, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
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Chen J, Wang ZZ, Zhang S, Zuo W, Chen NH. Does mineralocorticoid receptor play a vital role in the development of depressive disorder? Life Sci 2016; 152:76-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Deep SN, Baitharu I, Sharma A, Gurjar AKS, Prasad D, Singh SB. Neuroprotective Role of L-NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) against Chronic Hypobaric Hypoxia with Crowding Stress (CHC) Induced Depression-Like Behaviour. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153371. [PMID: 27082990 PMCID: PMC4833384 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Improper neuroimmune responses following chronic stress exposure have been reported to cause neuronal dysfunctions leading to memory impairment, anxiety and depression like behaviours. Though several factors affecting microglial activation and consequent alteration in neuro-inflammatory responses have been well studied, role of NO and its association with microglia in stress induced depression model is yet to be explored. In the present study, we validated combination of chronic hypobaric hypoxia and crowding (CHC) as a stress model for depression and investigated the role of chronic stress induced elevated nitric oxide (NO) level in microglia activation and its effect on neuro-inflammatory responses in brain. Further, we evaluated the ameliorative effect of L-NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) to reverse the stress induced depressive mood state. Four groups of male Sprague Dawley rat were taken and divided into control and CHC stress exposed group with and without treatment of L-NAME. Depression like behaviour and anhedonia in rats were assessed by Forced Swim Test (FST) and Sucrose Preference Test (SPT). Microglial activation was evaluated using Iba-1 immunohistochemistry and proinflammatory cytokines were assessed in the hippocampal region. Our result showed that exposure to CHC stress increased the number of active microglia with corresponding increase in inflammatory cytokines and altered behavioural responses. The inhibition of NO synthesis by L-NAME during CHC exposure decreased the number of active microglia in hippocampus as evident from decreased Iba-1 positive cells. Further, L-NAME administration decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines in hippocampus and improved behaviour of rats. Our study demonstrate that stress induced elevation of NO plays pivotal role in altered microglial activation and consequent neurodegenerative processes leading to depression like behaviour in rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Narayan Deep
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi- 54, India
| | - Iswar Baitharu
- Post Graduate Department of Environmental Sciences, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Odisha, India
| | - Apurva Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Punjab Technical University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India
| | | | - Dipti Prasad
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi- 54, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi- 54, India
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Abstract
Frailty and depression are important issues affecting older adults. Depressive syndrome may be difficult to clinically disambiguate from frailty in advanced old age. Current reviews on the topic include studies with wide methodological variation. This review examined the published literature on cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between frailty and depressive symptomatology with either syndrome as the outcome, moderators of this relationship, construct overlap, and related medical and behavioral interventions. Prevalence of both was reported. A systematic review of studies published from 2000 to 2015 was conducted in PubMed, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and PsychInfo. Key search terms were "frailty", "frail", "frail elderly", "depressive", "depressive disorder", and "depression". Participants of included studies were ≥ 55 years old and community dwelling. Included studies used an explicit biological definition of frailty based on Fried et al's criteria and a screening measure to identify depressive symptomatology. Fourteen studies met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. The prevalence of depressive symptomatology, frailty, or their co-occurrence was greater than 10% in older adults ≥ 55 years old, and these rates varied widely, but less in large epidemiological studies of incident frailty. The prospective relationship between depressive symptomatology and increased risk of incident frailty was robust, while the opposite relationship was less conclusive. The presence of comorbidities that interact with depressive symptomatology increased incident frailty risk. Measurement variability of depressive symptomatology and inclusion of older adults who are severely depressed, have cognitive impairment or dementia, or stroke may confound the frailty syndrome with single disease outcomes, accounting for a substantial proportion of shared variance in the syndromes. Further study is needed to identify medical and behavioral interventions for frailty and depressive symptomatology that prevent adverse sequelae such as falls, disability, and premature mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Vaughan
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Akeesha L Corbin
- Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joseph S Goveas
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, MI, USA
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Tsai HJ. Dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in a Taiwanese population aged 53 years and over: Results from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study of Aging. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 16:1289-1295. [PMID: 26463836 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed to examine the associations between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms in a Taiwanese population aged 53 years and over, and evaluate the longitudinal impacts of dietary patterns on depressive symptoms. METHODS Data were from the Taiwan Longitudinal Study of Aging. RESULT Depressive symptoms were identified in 23% of adults aged ≥53 years. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a Western dietary pattern, which was characterized by frequent consumption of meat/poultry and eggs, with infrequent consumption of fish, beans/legumes, vegetables and fruit, was cross-sectionally associated with a high risk of depressive symptoms (P < 0.05). A traditional dietary pattern, which was characterized by frequent consumption of meat/poultry and eggs with infrequent consumption of fish, increased by 60% the risk of depressive symptoms during the subsequent 8 years (P < 0.05). A healthy dietary pattern, which was characterized by frequent consumption of fish, vegetables and fruits, was not significantly associated with subsequent depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Dietary patterns correlate with depressive symptoms in a Taiwanese population aged 53 years and over. The Western and traditional dietary patterns, characterized by frequent consumption of meat/poultry and eggs, and infrequent consumption of fish, increased the risk of current and subsequent depressive symptoms. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 1289-1295.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jen Tsai
- Department of Health Management, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Yang SE, Park YG, Han K, Min J, Kim S. Association between dental pain and depression in Korean adults using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. J Oral Rehabil 2015; 43:51-8. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. E. Yang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Seoul St. Mary's Dental Hospital; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - Y. G. Park
- Department of Biostatistics; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - K. Han
- Department of Biostatistics; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - J.A. Min
- Department of Psychiatry; Seoul St. Mary's Hospital; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
| | - S.Y. Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry; Seoul St. Mary's Dental Hospital; College of Medicine; The Catholic University of Korea; Seoul Korea
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Medina JL, Jacquart J, Smits JAJ. Optimizing the Exercise Prescription for Depression: The Search for Biomarkers of Response. Curr Opin Psychol 2015; 4:43-47. [PMID: 26309904 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
There is growing support for the efficacy of exercise interventions for the treatment of individuals who present with mild-to-moderate depression. The variability in treatment response across studies and individuals suggests that the efficacy of exercise for depression will be most optimal when prescribed to individuals who are most prone to respond. The present article reviews contemporary theoretical accounts and recent empirical data pointing to neuroinflammatory states and neurotrophin production as possible biomarkers of the antidepressant response to exercise. The larger exercise and depression literatures provide justification for elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and deficits in BDNF production as putative matching variables. Although there is some empirical support for these hypotheses, it is clear that this research warrants replication and extension. We offer a few suggestions for future research in this emerging area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnna L Medina
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX 78712-1043 ; Institute for Mental Health Research, The University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd St., Stop E9000, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Jolene Jacquart
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX 78712-1043 ; Institute for Mental Health Research, The University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd St., Stop E9000, Austin, TX 78712
| | - Jasper A J Smits
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton Stop A8000, Austin, TX 78712-1043 ; Institute for Mental Health Research, The University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd St., Stop E9000, Austin, TX 78712
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Gelaye B, Williams MA, Lemma S, Berhane Y, Fann JR, Vander Stoep A, Zhou XHA. Major depressive disorder and cardiometabolic disease risk among sub-Saharan African adults. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2015; 9:183-191. [PMID: 25470634 PMCID: PMC4265581 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the extent to which major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with cardiometabolic diseases and risk factors. METHODS This was a cross-sectional epidemiologic study of 1924 employed adults in Ethiopia. Structured interview was used to collect sociodemographic data, behavioral characteristics and MDD symptoms using a validated Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression scale. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, and lipid concentrations were measured using standard approaches. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS A total of 154 participants screened positive for MDD on PHQ-9 (8.0%; 95% CI: 6.7-9.2%). Among women, MDD was associated with more than 4-fold increased odds of diabetes (OR=4.14; 95% CI: 1.03-16.62). Among men the association was not significant (OR=1.12; 95% CI: 0.63-1.99). Similarly, MDD was not associated with metabolic syndrome among women (OR=1.51; 95% CI: 0.69-3.29) and men (OR=0.61; 95% CI: 0.28-1.34). Lastly, MDD was not associated with increased odds of systemic inflammation. CONCLUSION The results of our study do not provide convincing evidence that MDD is associated with cardiometabolic diseases among Ethiopian adults. Future studies need to evaluate the effect of other psychiatric disorders on cardiometabolic disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Michelle A Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Yemane Berhane
- Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jesse R Fann
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ann Vander Stoep
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xiao-Hua Andrew Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
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Song BM, Lee JM, Choi W, Youm Y, Chu SH, Park YR, Kim HC. Association between C reactive protein level and depressive symptoms in an elderly Korean population: Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project. BMJ Open 2015; 5:e006429. [PMID: 25712819 PMCID: PMC4342593 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between inflammatory markers and depressive symptoms has been reported inconsistently. Moreover, there were only a few studies conducted in an Asian population. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between C reactive protein (CRP) and depressive symptoms in an elderly Korean population. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS This study used data from the Korean Social Life, Health and Aging Project Health Examination Cohort, which started in 2011. Among participants aged 60 or over recruited from a rural community, 569 (224 men and 345 women) without a history of stroke, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction or CRP≥20 mg/L were employed for cross-sectional analyses. As a marker of systemic inflammation, CRP was measured. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between CRP and depressive symptoms. RESULTS In men, CRP levels had significant associations with depressive symptoms before (β=0.420, p=0.010) and after (β=0.336, p=0.025) adjusting for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, number of comorbidities, smoking status, alcohol intake, marital status, education and sleep duration. However, in women, the association between CRP and depressive symptoms was not significant before (p=0.250) and after (p=0.256) adjustment. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that elevated CRP levels are independently associated with the presence of depressive symptoms in elderly Korean men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Mi Song
- Department of Public Health, Yonsei University Graduate School, Seoul, Korea
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-Mi Lee
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wungrak Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University College of Social Sciences, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hui Chu
- Department of Clinical Nursing Science, Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeong-Ran Park
- Division of Silver Industry, Kangnam University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Etiology Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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C-reactive protein and depression in persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection: the Positive Living with HIV (POLH) Study. Brain Behav Immun 2014; 42:89-95. [PMID: 24929193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection has been frequently associated with chronic inflammation as well as depression. C-reactive protein (CRP) is positively associated with depression in people without HIV infection. We tested the hypothesis of an independent relationship between CRP and depression in a cohort of HIV-positive people. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 316 HIV-positive people (181 men and 135 women) aged 18-60years residing in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. The latex agglutination turbidimetric method was used to measure serum CRP concentrations and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)-I method was used to measure depression, with a cut off of ⩾20 indicating likely depression. The relationship between CRP concentrations and depression symptoms was assessed using both multiple linear regression analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis, with adjustment for potential socio-demographic, cardiovascular, life-style, and HIV-related clinical and treatment confounding factors. RESULTS Twenty-six percent participants (men: 23%; women: 29%) met criteria for depression. In multiple regression analysis, the authors observed a linear relation between serum CRP concentrations and BDI score (beta for 1 unit change in ln(CRP)=1.13, p=0.001) in HIV-positive participants. In a logistic regression analysis, participants with serum CRP levels>3mg/L had a 2.3-fold higher odds of depression symptoms compared to those with serum CRP level⩽3mg/L (p=0.005). In analyses stratified by sex, associations were stronger in men than in women. For example, CRP>3mg/L was associated with a 3.6-fold higher odds of depression in men (p=0.002), while in women the odds ratio was 1.7 (p=0.33). CONCLUSION We found a linear relationship between serum CRP concentrations and depression symptoms score in HIV-positive people, and evidence that risk of depression is elevated among HIV-positive men with a high level of inflammation (CRP>3mg/L). Further prospective study to confirm the role of inflammation in depression among HIV-positive people is warranted.
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