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Moeyersoms AHM, Gallo RA, Zhang MG, Stathias V, Maeng MM, Owens D, Abou Khzam R, Sayegh Y, Maza C, Dubovy SR, Tse DT, Pelaez D. Spatial Transcriptomics Identifies Expression Signatures Specific to Lacrimal Gland Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3211. [PMID: 37370820 PMCID: PMC10296284 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although primary tumors of the lacrimal gland are rare, adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the most common and lethal epithelial lacrimal gland malignancy. Traditional management of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (LGACC) involves the removal of the eye and surrounding socket contents, followed by chemoradiation. Even with this radical treatment, the 10-year survival rate for LGACC is 20% given the propensity for recurrence and metastasis. Due to the rarity of LGACC, its pathobiology is not well-understood, leading to difficulties in diagnosis, treatment, and effective management. Here, we integrate bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics to identify a specific LGACC gene signature that can inform novel targeted therapies. Of the 3499 differentially expressed genes identified by bulk RNA-seq, the results of our spatial transcriptomic analysis reveal 15 upregulated and 12 downregulated genes that specifically arise from LGACC cells, whereas fibroblasts, reactive fibrotic tissue, and nervous and skeletal muscle account for the remaining bulk RNA-seq signature. In light of the analysis, we identified a transitional state cell or stem cell cluster. The results of the pathway analysis identified the upregulation of PI3K-Akt signaling, IL-17 signaling, and multiple other cancer pathways. This study provides insights into the molecular and cellular landscape of LGACC, which can inform new, targeted therapies to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acadia H M Moeyersoms
- Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ryan A Gallo
- Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Michelle G Zhang
- Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Vasileios Stathias
- Department of Pharmacology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Michelle M Maeng
- Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06437, USA
| | - Dawn Owens
- Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL 33314, USA
| | - Rayan Abou Khzam
- Florida Lions Ocular Pathology Laboratory, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yoseph Sayegh
- Florida Lions Ocular Pathology Laboratory, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Cynthia Maza
- Florida Lions Ocular Pathology Laboratory, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sander R Dubovy
- Florida Lions Ocular Pathology Laboratory, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - David T Tse
- Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Daniel Pelaez
- Dr. Nasser Ibrahim Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami College of Engineering, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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Mahmood A, Faisal MN, Khan JA, Muzaffar H, Muhammad F, Hussain J, Aslam J, Anwar H. Association of a high-fat diet with I-FABP as a biomarker of intestinal barrier dysfunction driven by metabolic changes in Wistar rats. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:68. [PMID: 37237272 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epithelial lining of the gut expresses intestinal fatty-acid binding proteins (I-FABPs), which increase in circulation and in plasma concentration during intestinal damage. From the perspective of obesity, the consumption of a diet rich in fat causes a disruption in the integrity of the gut barrier and an increase in its permeability. HYPOTHESIS There is an association between the expression of I-FABP in the gut and various metabolic changes induced by a high-fat (HF) diet. METHODS Wistar albino rats (n = 90) were divided into three groups (n = 30 per group), viz. One control and two HF diet groups (15 and 30%, respectively) were maintained for 6 weeks. Blood samples were thus collected to evaluate the lipid profile, blood glucose level and other biochemical tests. Tissue sampling was conducted to perform fat staining and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS HF diet-fed rats developed adiposity, insulin resistance, leptin resistance, dyslipidemia, and increased expression of I-FABP in the small intestine compared to the control group. Increased I-FABP expression in the ileal region of the intestine is correlated significantly with higher fat contents in the diet, indicating that higher I-FABP expression occurs due to increased demand of enterocytes to transport lipids, leading to metabolic alterations. CONCLUSION In summary, there is an association between the expression of I-FABP and HF diet-induced metabolic alterations, indicating that I-FABP can be used as a biomarker for intestinal barrier dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Mahmood
- Department of Physiology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naeem Faisal
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Ali Khan
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Muzaffar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Faqir Muhammad
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bahaudin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Jazib Hussain
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jawad Aslam
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
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Qiu MQ, Wang HJ, Ju YF, Sun L, Liu Z, Wang T, Kan SF, Yang Z, Cui YY, Ke YQ, He HM, Zhang S. Fatty Acid Binding Protein 5 (FABP5) Promotes Aggressiveness of Gastric Cancer Through Modulation of Tumor Immunity. J Gastric Cancer 2023; 23:340-354. [PMID: 37129157 PMCID: PMC10154133 DOI: 10.5230/jgc.2023.23.e19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Gastric cancer (GC) is the second most lethal cancer globally and is associated with poor prognosis. Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) can regulate biological properties of carcinoma cells. FABP5 is overexpressed in many types of cancers; however, the role and mechanisms of action of FABP5 in GC remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and biological functions of FABP5 in GC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed FABP5 expression using immunohistochemical analysis in 79 patients with GC and evaluated its biological functions following in vitro and in vivo ectopic expression. FABP5 targets relevant to GC progression were determined using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). RESULTS Elevated FABP5 expression was closely associated with poor outcomes, and ectopic expression of FABP5 promoted proliferation, invasion, migration, and carcinogenicity of GC cells, thus suggesting its potential tumor-promoting role in GC. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis indicated that FABP5 activates immune-related pathways, including cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways, interleukin-17 signaling, and tumor necrosis factor signaling, suggesting an important rationale for the possible development of therapies that combine FABP5-targeted drugs with immunotherapeutics. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the biological mechanisms and clinical implications of FABP5 in GC and suggest its potential as an adverse prognostic factor and/or therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Qing Qiu
- Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Hui-Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Ya-Fei Ju
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Cancer Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Shi-Feng Kan
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Ya-Yun Cui
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - You-Qiang Ke
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Liverpool University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Hong-Min He
- Department of Oncology, Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Shandong University Cancer Center, Jinan, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
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Yepes S, Tucker MA, Koka H, Xiao Y, Jones K, Vogt A, Burdette L, Luo W, Zhu B, Hutchinson A, Yeager M, Hicks B, Freedman ND, Chanock SJ, Goldstein AM, Yang XR. Using whole-exome sequencing and protein interaction networks to prioritize candidate genes for germline cutaneous melanoma susceptibility. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17198. [PMID: 33057211 PMCID: PMC7560829 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although next-generation sequencing has demonstrated great potential for novel gene discovery, confirming disease-causing genes after initial discovery remains challenging. Here, we applied a network analysis approach to prioritize candidate genes identified from whole-exome sequencing analysis of 98 cutaneous melanoma patients from 27 families. Using a network propagation method, we ranked candidate genes by their similarity to known disease genes in protein-protein interaction networks and identified gene clusters with functional connectivity. Using this approach, we identified several new candidate susceptibility genes that warrant future investigations such as NGLY1, IL1RN, FABP2, PRKDC, and PROSER2. The propagated network analysis also allowed us to link families that did not have common underlying genes but that carried variants in genes that interact on protein-protein interaction networks. In conclusion, our study provided an analysis perspective for gene prioritization in the context of genetic heterogeneity across families and prioritized top potential candidate susceptibility genes in our dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Yepes
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Margaret A Tucker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hela Koka
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Yanzi Xiao
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kristine Jones
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Aurelie Vogt
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Laurie Burdette
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Wen Luo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Bin Zhu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Amy Hutchinson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Meredith Yeager
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Belynda Hicks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Xiaohong R Yang
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Tracey TJ, Kirk SE, Steyn FJ, Ngo ST. The role of lipids in the central nervous system and their pathological implications in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 112:69-81. [PMID: 32962914 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipids play an important role in the central nervous system (CNS). They contribute to the structural integrity and physical characteristics of cell and organelle membranes, act as bioactive signalling molecules, and are utilised as fuel sources for mitochondrial metabolism. The intricate homeostatic mechanisms underpinning lipid handling and metabolism across two major CNS cell types; neurons and astrocytes, are integral for cellular health and maintenance. Here, we explore the various roles of lipids in these two cell types. Given that changes in lipid metabolism have been identified in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, we also discuss changes in lipid handling and utilisation in the context of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in order to identify key cellular processes affected by the disease, and inform future areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Tracey
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - S E Kirk
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - F J Steyn
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - S T Ngo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Kirişci M, Koçarslan A, Altintaş Aykan D, Alkan Baylan F, Doğaner A, Orak Y. Evaluation of the cardioprotective effects of crystalloid del Nido cardioplegia solution via a rapid and accurate cardiac marker: heart-type fatty acid-binding protein. Turk J Med Sci 2020; 50:999-1006. [PMID: 32394686 PMCID: PMC7379457 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2002-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Our aim in this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of crystalloid del Nido solution and cold blood cardioplegia solution on clinical and laboratory parameters. Materials and methods Sixty patients who underwent elective coronary bypass operation between July 2019 and January 2020 were included in our study. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 30 patients using del Nido solution (DNS) and cold blood cardioplegia solution (CBCS), which were given for cardiac arrest. Demographic data, preoperative, postoperative 0th h, 6th h and 4th day creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) and troponin I values were compared with a specific cardiac enzyme heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP). Results We found that aortic cross clamp duration and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time were shorter in patients using del Nido solution than cold blood cardioplegia solution (57.30 ± 23.57 min, 76.07 ± 27.18 min, P = 0.006) (95.07 ± 23.06 min, 114.13 ± 33.93, P = 0.014). Total cardioplegia solution volume was higher in the cold blood cardioplegia solution group (1426.67 ± 416.00 vs. 1200 ± 310.73 P = 0.02). Preoperative and postoperative levels of cardiac enzymes including CK-MB, troponin I and H-FABP were comparable in del Nido solution and cold blood cardioplegia solution groups. Conclusion According to these results, when we compare both demographic data and CK-MB, troponin I and H-FABP levels, both cardioplegia solutions were comparable regarding safety and efficacy in terms of myocardial protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kirişci
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Aydemir Koçarslan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Duygun Altintaş Aykan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Filiz Alkan Baylan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Adem Doğaner
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Orak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey
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Nakagawa R, Hiep NC, Ouchi H, Sato Y, Harada K. Expression of fatty-acid-binding protein 5 in intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: the possibility of different energy metabolisms in anatomical location. Med Mol Morphol 2020; 53:42-49. [PMID: 31432248 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-019-00230-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The biliary tract cancer (BTC) covers a range of carcinomas, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), cholangiolocellular carcinoma (CoCC), perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (perihilar CC), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), and gallbladder cancer (GBC), defined according to the anatomical location. These adenocarcinomas mostly comprise biliary epithelial cell-derived malignant cells. In addition to anatomical differences, there are morphological and biological differences in BTC starting from embryonic development of the tissues extending to physiological differences. Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are closely associated with the energy metabolism. Using surgical specimens from 74 BTCs, we performed immunohistochemistry for FABP5 and its associated molecules, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), PPARγ coactivator 1 (PGC-1), and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα). We found that the expression patterns of small BTCs (ICC and CoCC) considerably differed from those of large BTCs (perihilar CC, ECC, and GBC). Expression of FABP5 and PGC-1 in large BTCs was high compared with those of small BTCs, but no difference in the expression of PPARγ and ERRα was observed. FABP5 appears to play a role in malignant progression in large BTCs. Small and large BTCs possess different energy metabolism systems owing to their different anatomical locations and course of carcinogenesis, although all BTCs originate from biliary epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Nakagawa
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Nguyen Canh Hiep
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Ouchi
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Yasunori Sato
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Japan.
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Effects of Trimetazidine Pretreatment on Endothelial Dysfunction and Myocardial Injury in Unstable Angina Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Cardiol Res Pract 2019; 2019:4230948. [PMID: 31565429 PMCID: PMC6745110 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4230948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Trimetazidine is an anti-ischemic medication licensed for the treatment of angina pectoris. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its action remain incompletely elucidated. In this study, therefore, we examined the potential beneficial effects of trimetazidine on myocardial injury and endothelial dysfunction in patients with unstable angina in the perioperative period of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods A total of 97 patients with unstable angina were randomly divided into trimetazidine (n = 48) and control (n = 49) groups. All subjects received standard medical therapy. The trimetazidine group additionally received 20 mg trimetazidine three times daily 24 hours before and after PCI. Serum levels of creatine kinase-muscle/brain (CK-MB), cardiac troponin I (cTnI), heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (h-FABP), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured before and the morning following PCI. Results In the control group, levels of CK-MB, cTnI, and vWF were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) and NO level was decreased after PCI (P < 0.05). By contrast, no significant changes in the levels of these proteins were observed in the trimetazidine group after PCI (P > 0.05). Moreover, h-FABP levels were not significantly altered after PCI whether in the control or in the trimetazidine group (P > 0.05). Finally, a time-dependent increase in the levels of h-FABP from 0 to 6 hours after PCI, followed by a progressive decline, was observed (P < 0.05). Conclusions PCI induces endothelial dysfunction and myocardial damage in patients with unstable angina. Trimetazidine therapy in the perioperative period can reduce this damage.
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Kim Y, Park HI, Lee HK, Nam HS, Lee YW, Lee SG, Park Y, Lee W, Nam MH, Song SH, Chung JW, Lee J. Development of Statistical Software for the Korean Laboratory Accreditation Program Using R Language: LaboStats. Ann Lab Med 2019; 39:552-560. [PMID: 31240883 PMCID: PMC6660338 DOI: 10.3343/alm.2019.39.6.552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Korea, the Korean Laboratory Accreditation Program (KLAP) has set minimum standards for verification of clinical test performance. This verification process is time-consuming and labor-intensive when performed manually. We developed a free, statistical software program for KLAP, using the R language (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria). METHODS We used CLSI guidelines for the algorithm. We built graphic user interfaces, including data input, with Embarcadero Delphi EX4 (Embarcadero Technologies, Inc., Texas, USA). The R Base Package and MCR Package for Method Comparison Regression were used to implement statistical and graphical procedures. RESULTS Our program LaboStats has six modules: parallel test, linearity, method comparison, precision, reference interval, and cutoff. Data can be entered into the field either manually or by copying and pasting from an MS Excel worksheet. Users can print out precise reports. CONCLUSIONS LaboStats can be useful for evaluating clinical test performance characteristics and preparing documents requested by KLAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongsic Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae Il Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Hae Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Hyun Su Nam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, Uijeongbu, Korea
| | - Yong Wha Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Sang Guk Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Younhee Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woochang Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Hyun Nam
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Chung
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Korea
| | - Jehoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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Rath NC, Gupta A, Liyanage R, Lay JO. Phorbol 12-Myristate 13-Acetate-Induced Changes in Chicken Enterocytes. PROTEOMICS INSIGHTS 2019; 10:1178641819840369. [PMID: 31019367 PMCID: PMC6463336 DOI: 10.1177/1178641819840369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Increased intestinal epithelial permeability has been linked to many enteric diseases because it allows easy access of microbial pathogens and toxins into the system. In poultry production, the restrictions in the use of antibiotic growth promoters have increased the chances of birds being susceptible to different enteric diseases. Thus, understanding the mechanisms which compromise intestinal function is pertinent. Based on our previous observation which showed the primary chicken enterocytes in culture undergoing dystrophic changes on treatment with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), we surmised that this model, which appeared to mimic increased intestinal permeability, may help to understand the mechanisms of this problem. As genomic and proteomic changes are associated with many physiological and pathological problems, we were interested to find whether certain proteomic changes underlie the morphological alterations in the enterocytes induced by PMA. We exposed primary enterocyte cultures to a sub-lethal concentration of PMA, extracted the proteins, and analyzed by mass spectrometry for differentially regulated proteins. Our results showed that PMA affected several biological processes which negatively affected their energy metabolism, nuclear activities, and differentially regulated the levels of several stress proteins, chaperon, cytoskeletal, and signal transduction proteins that appear to be relevant in the cause of enterocyte dystrophy. Phorbol myristate acetate-affected signal transduction activities also raise the possibilities of their increased susceptibility to pathogens. The changes in enterocyte integrity can make intestine vulnerable to invasion by microbial pathogens and disrupt gut homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan C Rath
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Science Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Anamika Gupta
- Department of Poultry Science, Poultry Science Center, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Rohana Liyanage
- Statewide Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Chemistry Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Jackson O Lay
- Statewide Mass Spectrometry Facility, Department of Chemistry Biochemistry, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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Jo MS, Lee J, Kim SY, Kwon HJ, Lee HK, Park DJ, Kim Y. Comparison between creatine kinase MB, heart-type fatty acid-binding protein, and cardiac troponin T for detecting myocardial ischemic injury after cardiac surgery. Clin Chim Acta 2018; 488:174-178. [PMID: 30389460 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) is a cytoplasmic protein and is released form necrotic cardiac myocytes, as well as ischemic cardiac myocytes. In this study, we compared creatine kinase MB (CK-MB), H-FABP, and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), heart valve surgery, or septal defect surgery to evaluate the difference in detecting myocardial injury between three markers. METHODS A total of 69 patients (CABG, 32; valve surgery, 27; and septal defect surgery, 10) were prospectively enrolled. Blood samples were taken at specific intervals. RESULTS Mean amount (AUC0-72h) of CK-MB and cTnT released for 72 h in the patients with valve surgery were 2446 h·ng/ml and 93.2 h·ng/ml, which were significantly larger than those in the patients with CABG or septal defect surgery (p < .05). Mean amount (AUC0-72h) of H-FABP released for 72 h in the patients with CABG was 1939 h·ng/ml, which was significantly larger than that in the patients with septal defect surgery (700.1 h·ng/ml) (p < .05). CONCLUSION H-FABP would be a more useful marker for detecting myocardial ischemic injury than CK-MB and cTnT. CK-MB and cTnT would be more sensitive to myocardial injury with surgical trauma than with ischemic injury in the patients with cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Seop Jo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular surgery, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jehoon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Young Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hi Jeong Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Kyung Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongsic Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, St. Vincent's Hospital, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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Elsherbiny ME, Chen H, Emara M, Godbout R. ω-3 and ω-6 Fatty Acids Modulate Conventional and Atypical Protein Kinase C Activities in a Brain Fatty Acid Binding Protein Dependent Manner in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10040454. [PMID: 29642372 PMCID: PMC5946239 DOI: 10.3390/nu10040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly infiltrative brain cancer with a dismal prognosis. High levels of brain fatty acid binding protein (B-FABP) are associated with increased migration/infiltration in GBM cells, with a high ratio of arachidonic acid (AA) to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) driving B-FABP-mediated migration. Since several protein kinase Cs (PKCs) are overexpressed in GBM and linked to migration, we explored a possible relationship between B-FABP and levels/activity of different PKCs, as a function of AA and DHA supplementation. We report that ectopic expression of B-FABP in U87 cells alters the levels of several PKCs, particularly PKCζ. Upon analysis of PKCζ RNA levels in a panel of GBM cell lines and patient-derived GBM neurospheres, we observed a trend towards moderate positive correlation (r = 0.624, p = 0.054) between B-FABP and PKCζ RNA levels. Analysis of PKC activity in U87 GBM cells revealed decreased typical PKC activity (23.4%) in B-FABP-expressing cells compared with nonexpressing cells, with no difference in novel and atypical PKC activities. AA and DHA modulated both conventional and atypical PKC activities in a B-FABP-dependent manner, but had no effect on novel PKC activity. These results suggest that conventional and atypical PKCs are potential downstream effectors of B-FABP/fatty acid-mediated alterations in GBM growth properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa E Elsherbiny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza 12566, Egypt.
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada.
| | - Marwan Emara
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza 12578, Egypt.
| | - Roseline Godbout
- Department of Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1Z2, Canada.
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Thangavel S, Mulet CT, Atluri VSR, Agudelo M, Rosenberg R, Devieux JG, Nair MPN. Oxidative Stress in HIV Infection and Alcohol Use: Role of Redox Signals in Modulation of Lipid Rafts and ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:324-337. [PMID: 29132227 PMCID: PMC5743035 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection induces oxidative stress and alcohol use accelerates disease progression, subsequently causing immune dysfunction. However, HIV and alcohol impact on lipid rafts-mediated immune dysfunction remains unknown. In this study, we investigate the modulation by which oxidative stress induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) affecting redox expression, lipid rafts caveiloin-1, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, and transcriptional sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) gene and protein modification and how these mechanisms are associated with arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites in HIV positive alcohol users, and how they escalate immune dysfunction. RESULTS In both alcohol using HIV-positive human subjects and in vitro studies of alcohol with HIV-1 gp120 protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, increased ROS production significantly affected redox expression in glutathione synthetase (GSS), super oxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and subsequently impacted lipid rafts Cav-1, ABC transporters ABCA1, ABCG1, ABCB1, and ABCG4, and SREBP transcription. The increased level of rate-limiting enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR), subsequently, inhibited 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR-7). Moreover, the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and lipoxygenase-5 (5-LOX) mRNA and protein modification tentatively increased the levels of prostaglandin E2 synthases (PGE2) in plasma when compared with either HIV or alcohol alone. INNOVATION This article suggests for the first time that the redox inhibition affects lipid rafts, ABC-transporter, and SREBP transcription and modulates AA metabolites, serving as an important intermediate signaling network during immune cell dysfunction in HIV-positive alcohol users. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that HIV infection induces oxidative stress and redox inhibition, affecting lipid rafts and ABC transports, subsequently upregulating AA metabolites and leading to immune toxicity, and further exacerbation with alcohol use. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 324-337.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samikkannu Thangavel
- 1 Department of Immunology, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Florida International University , Miami, Florida
| | - Carmen T Mulet
- 1 Department of Immunology, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Florida International University , Miami, Florida
| | - Venkata S R Atluri
- 1 Department of Immunology, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Florida International University , Miami, Florida
| | - Marisela Agudelo
- 1 Department of Immunology, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Florida International University , Miami, Florida
| | - Rhonda Rosenberg
- 2 Department of Health Promotion & Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel School of Public Health, Florida International University , Miami, Florida
| | - Jessy G Devieux
- 2 Department of Health Promotion & Disease Prevention, Robert Stempel School of Public Health, Florida International University , Miami, Florida
| | - Madhavan P N Nair
- 1 Department of Immunology, Institute of NeuroImmune Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Florida International University , Miami, Florida
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Rojas-Pirela M, Rigden DJ, Michels PA, Cáceres AJ, Concepción JL, Quiñones W. Structure and function of Per-ARNT-Sim domains and their possible role in the life-cycle biology of Trypanosoma cruzi. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2017; 219:52-66. [PMID: 29133150 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Per-ARNT-Sim (PAS) domains of proteins play important roles as modules for signalling and cellular regulation processes in widely diverse organisms such as Archaea, Bacteria, protists, plants, yeasts, insects and vertebrates. These domains are present in many proteins where they are used as sensors of stimuli and modules for protein interactions. Characteristically, they can bind a broad spectrum of molecules. Such binding causes the domain to trigger a specific cellular response or to make the protein containing the domain susceptible to responding to additional physical or chemical signals. Different PAS proteins have the ability to sense redox potential, light, oxygen, energy levels, carboxylic acids, fatty acids and several other stimuli. Such proteins have been found to be involved in cellular processes such as development, virulence, sporulation, adaptation to hypoxia, circadian cycle, metabolism and gene regulation and expression. Our analysis of the genome of different kinetoplastid species revealed the presence of PAS domains also in different predicted kinases from these protists. Open-reading frames coding for these PAS-kinases are unusually large. In addition, the products of these genes appear to contain in their structure combinations of domains uncommon in other eukaryotes. The physiological significance of PAS domains in these parasites, specifically in Trypanosoma cruzi, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Rojas-Pirela
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
| | - Daniel J Rigden
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Paul A Michels
- Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution and Centre for Translational and Chemical Biology, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ana J Cáceres
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
| | - Juan Luis Concepción
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela
| | - Wilfredo Quiñones
- Laboratorio de Enzimología de Parásitos, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Los Andes, Mérida 5101, Venezuela.
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Yang K, Wang L, Zhou G, Lin X, Peng J, Wang L, Luo L, Wang J, Shu G, Wang S, Gao P, Zhu X, Xi Q, Zhang Y, Jiang Q. Phytol Promotes the Formation of Slow-Twitch Muscle Fibers through PGC-1α/miRNA but Not Mitochondria Oxidation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:5916-5925. [PMID: 28654264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phytol is a side chain of chlorophyll belonging to the side-chain double terpenoid. When animals consume food rich in chlorophyll, phytol can be broken down to phytanic acid after digestion. It was reported that feeding animals with different varieties and levels of forage could significant improve pH and marbling score of steer and lamb carcasses, but the internal mechanism for this is still not reported. The marbling score and pH of muscle was mainly determined by skeletal muscle fiber type, which is due to expression of different myosin heavy-chain (MHC) isoforms. Here, we provide evidence that phytol can indeed affect the diversity of muscle fiber types both in vitro and in vivo and demonstrate that phytol can increase the expression of MHC I (p < 0.05), likely by upgrading the expression of PPARδ, PGC-1α, and related miRNAs. This fiber-type transformation process may not be caused by activated mitochondrial metabolism but by the structural changes in muscle fiber types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Yang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Lina Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Gan Zhou
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiajing Lin
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianlong Peng
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Leshan Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Lv Luo
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianbin Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Shu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Songbo Wang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Gao
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianyun Xi
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyan Jiang
- College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, People's Republic of China
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From fat to FAT (CD36/SR-B2): Understanding the regulation of cellular fatty acid uptake. Biochimie 2017; 136:21-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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18
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Ozawa S, Ueda S, Li Y, Mori K, Asanuma K, Yanagita M, Nakagawa T. Fatty acid binding protein 3 as a potential mediator for diabetic nephropathy in eNOS deficient mouse. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 454:531-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.10.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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19
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Küch EM, Vellaramkalayil R, Zhang I, Lehnen D, Brügger B, Sreemmel W, Ehehalt R, Poppelreuther M, Füllekrug J. Differentially localized acyl-CoA synthetase 4 isoenzymes mediate the metabolic channeling of fatty acids towards phosphatidylinositol. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:227-39. [PMID: 24201376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) has been implicated in carcinogenesis and neuronal development. Acyl-CoA synthetases are essential enzymes of lipid metabolism, and ACSL4 is distinguished by its preference for arachidonic acid. Two human ACSL4 isoforms arising from differential splicing were analyzed by ectopic expression in COS cells. We found that the ACSL4_v1 variant localized to the inner side of the plasma membrane including microvilli, and was also present in the cytosol. ACSL4_v2 contains an additional N-terminal hydrophobic region; this isoform was located at the endoplasmic reticulum and on lipid droplets. A third isoform was designed de novo by appending a mitochondrial targeting signal. All three ACSL4 variants showed the same specific enzyme activity. Overexpression of the isoenzymes increased cellular uptake of arachidonate to the same degree, indicating that the metabolic trapping of fatty acids is independent of the subcellular localization. Remarkably, phospholipid metabolism was changed by ACSL4 expression. Labeling with arachidonate showed that the amount of newly synthesized phosphatidylinositol was increased by all three ACSL4 isoenzymes but not by ACSL1. This was dependent on the expression level and the localization of the ACSL4 isoform. We conclude that in our model system exogenous fatty acids are channeled preferentially towards phosphatidylinositol by ACSL4 overexpression. The differential localization of the endogenous isoenzymes may provide compartment specific precursors of this anionic phospholipid important for many signaling processes.
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20
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Protein mediated fatty acid uptake: Synergy between CD36/FAT-facilitated transport and acyl-CoA synthetase-driven metabolism. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 546:8-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Tan C, Takayama T, Takaoka N, Fujita H, Miyazaki M, Sugiyama T, Ozono S. Impact of Gender in Renal Cell Carcinoma: The Relationship of FABP7 and BRN2 Expression with Overall Survival. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ONCOLOGY 2014; 8:21-7. [PMID: 24653654 PMCID: PMC3937181 DOI: 10.4137/cmo.s13684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between gender differences in fatty acid-binding protein7 (FABP7) and BRN2 (POU class 3 homeobox 2) expression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and the prognosis of patients with RCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS immunohistochemical (IHC) staining as well as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed in renal tissues from 103 patients (83 men, mean age = 63.6 years old; 20 women, mean age = 63.1 years old) underwent radical nephrectomy from January 1, 2001 through December 31, 2010. The probability of overall patient survival was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS FABP7 mRNA expression was more frequent in men (P = 0.07) while BRN2 protein expression was significantly more frequent in women (P = 0.029). In particular, FABP7 was expressed in 100% of G1 renal cell carcinoma both in mRNA and protein levels. In women, FABP7 (−) and BRN2 (+) groups had a worse prognosis both in mRNA level (P = 0.038) and protein level (P = 0.058). BRN2 was expressed 100% of papillary RCC both in mRNA and protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that gender was a key factor in FABP7 and BRN2 expression in RCC, and the combination with FABP7 and BRN2 stratified by gender could be a new potential prognostic factor in patients with RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Tan
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Takayama
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Naohisa Takaoka
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiromi Fujita
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Miki Miyazaki
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sugiyama
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Ozono
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
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Shahabi P, Siest G, Visvikis-siest S. Influence of inflammation on cardiovascular protective effects of cytochrome P450 epoxygenase-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. Drug Metab Rev 2013; 46:33-56. [DOI: 10.3109/03602532.2013.837916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Siddiqi S, Sheth A, Patel F, Barnes M, Mansbach CM. Intestinal caveolin-1 is important for dietary fatty acid absorption. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2013; 1831:1311-21. [PMID: 23665238 PMCID: PMC3751415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
How dietary fatty acids are absorbed into the enterocyte and transported to the ER is not established. We tested the possibility that caveolin-1 containing lipid rafts and endocytic vesicles were involved. Apical brush border membranes took up 15% of albumin bound (3)H-oleate whereas brush border membranes from caveolin-1 KO mice took up only 1%. In brush border membranes, the (3)H-oleate was in the detergent resistant fraction of an OptiPrep gradient. On OptiPrep gradients of intestinal cytosol, we also found the (3)H-oleate in the detergent resistant fraction, separate from OptiPrep gradients spiked with (3)H-oleate or (3)H-triacylglycerol. Caveolin-1 immuno-depletion of cytosol removed 91% of absorbed (3)H-oleate whereas immuno-depletion using IgG, or anti-caveolin-2 or -3 or anti-clathrin antibodies removed 20%. Electron microscopy showed the presence of caveolin-1 containing vesicles in WT mouse cytosol that were 4 fold increased by feeding intestinal sacs 1mM oleate. No vesicles were seen in caveolin-1 KO mouse cytosol. Caveolin-1 KO mice gained less weight on a 23% fat diet and had increased fat in their stool compared to WT mice. We conclude that dietary fatty acids are absorbed by caveolae in enterocyte brush border membranes, are endocytosed, and transported in cytosol in caveolin-1 containing endocytic vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzad Siddiqi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center 38163
| | - Atur Sheth
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center 38163
| | - Feenalie Patel
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center 38163
| | - Matthew Barnes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center 38163
| | - Charles M. Mansbach
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center 38163
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, TN 38104
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Interactions between Human Liver Fatty Acid Binding Protein and Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Selective Drugs. PPAR Res 2013; 2013:938401. [PMID: 23476633 PMCID: PMC3588188 DOI: 10.1155/2013/938401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) act as intracellular shuttles for fatty acids as well as lipophilic xenobiotics to the nucleus, where these ligands are released to a group of nuclear receptors called the peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs). PPAR mediated gene activation is ultimately involved in maintenance of cellular homeostasis through the transcriptional regulation of metabolic enzymes and transporters that target the activating ligand. Here we show that liver- (L-) FABP displays a high binding affinity for PPAR subtype selective drugs. NMR chemical shift perturbation mapping and proteolytic protection experiments show that the binding of the PPAR subtype selective drugs produces conformational changes that stabilize the portal region of L-FABP. NMR chemical shift perturbation studies also revealed that L-FABP can form a complex with the PPAR ligand binding domain (LBD) of PPARα. This protein-protein interaction may represent a mechanism for facilitating the activation of PPAR transcriptional activity via the direct channeling of ligands between the binding pocket of L-FABP and the PPARαLBD. The role of L-FABP in the delivery of ligands directly to PPARα via this channeling mechanism has important implications for regulatory pathways that mediate xenobiotic responses and host protection in tissues such as the small intestine and the liver where L-FABP is highly expressed.
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Cakir E, Ozbek M, Sahin M, Cakal E, Gungunes A, Ginis Z, Demirci T, Delibasi T. Heart type fatty acid binding protein response and subsequent development of atherosclerosis in insulin resistant polycystic ovary syndrome patients. J Ovarian Res 2012; 5:45. [PMID: 23249450 PMCID: PMC3574048 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-5-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Heart type fatty acid binding protein (HFABP) has been found to be predictive for myocardial ischemia.Wet ested whether HFABP is the predictor for CVD in PCOS patients, who have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Methods This was a prospective, cross sectional controlled study conducted in a training and research hospital.The study population consisted of 46 reproductive-age PCOS women and 28 control subjects. We evaluated anthropometric and metabolic parameters, carotid intima media thickness and HFABP levels in both PCOS patients and control group. Results Mean fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, free testosterone, total testosterone, carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) levels were significantly higher in PCOS patients. Although HFABP levels were higher in PCOS patients, the difference did not reach statistically significant in early age groups. After adjustment for age and body mass index, HFABP level was positive correlated with hsCRP, free testosterone levels, CIMT and HOMA-IR. Conclusions Heart type free fatty acid binding protein appeared to have an important role in metabolic response and subsequent development of atherosclerosis in insulin resistant, hyperandrogenemic PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evrim Cakir
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Diskapi Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
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The value of human heart-type fatty acid binding protein in diagnosis of patients with acute chest pain. Egypt Heart J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ehj.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Ahn J, Lee H, Jung CH, Ha T. Lycopene inhibits hepatic steatosis via microRNA-21-induced downregulation of fatty acid-binding protein 7 in mice fed a high-fat diet. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 56:1665-74. [PMID: 22968990 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201200182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic disorder characterized by hepatic fat accumulation and abnormal lipid metabolism. Here, we investigated the protective effect of lycopene on high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and fatty acid-induced intracellular lipid accumulation by miRNA regulation. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J mice were fed high-fat diet with or without 0.05% lycopene for 8 weeks. Hepa 1-6 cells were treated with stearic acid (SA) after 24 h pretreatment with lycopene. Treatment of lycopene improved hepatic steatosis in high-fat-fed mice and reduced intracellular lipid accumulation induced by SA in Hepa 1-6 cells. We demonstrated that miR-21 expression was decreased in livers from high-fat diet-fed mice and Hepa 1-6 cells treated with SA. Lycopene normalized the downregulation of miR-21, which led to the downregulation of fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7), a direct target of miR-21, at both the transcriptional and translational levels. This specific negative regulation of miR-21 was achieved by targeting the FABP7 3'UTR. Upregulation of miR-21 markedly blocked SA-induced intracellular lipid accumulation by blocking FABP7 expression. Moreover, silencing of FABP7 reduced SA-evoked lipid accumulation in Hepa 1-6 cells. CONCLUSION The results suggest that lycopene may be a useful functional compound for treating NAFLD by regulating hepatic lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Ahn
- Food Function Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Seoungnam, Korea
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Jeong CY, Hah YS, Cho BI, Lee SM, Joo YT, Jung EJ, Jeong SH, Lee YJ, Choi SK, Ha WS, Park ST, Hong SC. Fatty acid-binding protein 5 promotes cell proliferation and invasion in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Oncol Rep 2012; 28:1283-92. [PMID: 22825302 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.1922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 06/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a rare primary malignant liver tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. Recently its incidence has increased, however, little attention has been directed to factors related to its molecular carcinogenesis, including oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes and cell cycle-related proteins. ICC is generally characterized by strong proliferation, invasion and early metastasis. These biological behaviors of ICC, with respect to the genetic and molecular aspects, remain to be clarified. In this study, we performed a proteomic analysis to identify the proteomic alterations associated with carcinogenesis of ICC. Protein expression profiles of sixteen cases of ICC were compared with those of adjacent non-involved bile duct tissue. Among the 151 protein spots that showed a statistically significant expression difference (P<0.05), there were 50 spots with significantly increased intensity (3-fold increase) and 17 spots with decreased intensity (3-fold decrease) in cancerous tissues. Of these, increased expression of fatty acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) was further confirmed by western blot analysis and immunohistochemical analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis of FABP5 expression in tumor specimens obtained from 43 patients with mass-forming (MF) type ICC showed a positive correlation of FABP5 immunoreactivity with tumor size (P=0.047), lymph node metastasis (P=0.013), angioinvasion (P=0.032) and staging (P=0.007). In addition, silencing FABP5 with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) suppressed cell proliferation and invasiveness in HuCCT1 cells, and conversely, overexpression of FABP5 in FABP5-negative Hep3B cells increased cell proliferation and invasiveness. Our study shows that FABP5 is significantly overexpressed in ICC combined lymph node metastasis and is involved in cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. Our data suggest that FABP5 may be associated with tumor progression in ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Young Jeong
- Department of Surgery, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju 660-751, Republic of Korea
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Wang X, Pan L, Lu J, Li N, Li J. N-3 PUFAs attenuate ischemia/reperfusion induced intestinal barrier injury by activating I-FABP-PPARγ pathway. Clin Nutr 2012; 31:951-7. [PMID: 22554584 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS This study was designed to investigate whether n-3 PUFAs attenuate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced intestinal barrier injury by activating I-FABP-PPARγ pathway. METHODS 24 Male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to 4 groups: control group, I/R group, pretreated with n-3 PUFAs for 7 days before I/R (group 3), pretreated with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPARγ) agonist 30 min before I/R (group 4). The serum and intestinal mucosa samples were collected. RESULTS I/R disrupted the structure of intestinal tight junctions (TJs) and reduced occludin expression. The intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) was elevated in plasma while decreased in cells. PPARγ expression in nucleus of intestinal mucosa was attenuated. N-3 PUFAs attenuated the damaged TJ structure and elevated occludin, intracellular I-FABP and PPARγ expression. A PPARγ agonist had the same effect as n-3 PUFAs. CONCLUSIONS The intestinal barrier is severely damaged after I/R, which is related to the redistribution of I-FABP. Our findings firstly indicate that n-3 PUFAs protect the intestinal barrier by modifying intracellular I-FABP, activating the PPARγ pathway, and then upregulating TJ protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinying Wang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, 305 Zhongshan East Road, Nanjing 210002, China
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Lee EJ, Kamli MR, Bhat AR, Pokharel S, Lee DM, Kim SH, Kim TIL, Hong S, Choi I. Effect of porcine placenta steroid extract on myogenic satellite cell proliferation, transdifferentiation, and lipid accumulation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2012; 48:326-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-012-9512-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hasić S, Jadrić R, Cosović E, Kiseljaković E, Mornjaković Z, Winterhalter-Jadrić M. Heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and its relation with morphological changes in rat myocardial damage model induced by isoproterenol. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2012; 11:240-4. [PMID: 22117831 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2011.2557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We have investigated heart type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) rat serum values at different time point following subcutaneous (s.c) isoproterenol (ISO) administration and their correlation with severity of myocardial lesion. Thirty adult, male, Wistar rats were used for this study. Six rats per group were treated with a single dose of either ISO (ISO groups, dose 100 mg/kg, s.c.) at different time point (30', 60', 120', 240') or with saline (control group). Serum H-FABP was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and histological analysis was performed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) method of staining. The first serum H-FABP increase was obtained 30' following ISO administration, but maximal value was reached after 240'. Myocardial histological changes were time-dependent and correlated with serum H-FABP values (p<0.001). The results of the study suggest that H-FABP is sensitive marker for acute rat myocardial injury and its possible inclusion in myocardial injury screening studies in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabaheta Hasić
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Aguer C, Foretz M, Lantier L, Hebrard S, Viollet B, Mercier J, Kitzmann M. Increased FAT/CD36 cycling and lipid accumulation in myotubes derived from obese type 2 diabetic patients. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28981. [PMID: 22194967 PMCID: PMC3241688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Permanent fatty acid translocase (FAT/)CD36 relocation has previously been shown to be related to abnormal lipid accumulation in the skeletal muscle of type 2 diabetic patients, however mechanisms responsible for the regulation of FAT/CD36 expression and localization are not well characterized in human skeletal muscle. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Primary muscle cells derived from obese type 2 diabetic patients (OBT2D) and from healthy subjects (Control) were used to examine the regulation of FAT/CD36. We showed that compared to Control myotubes, FAT/CD36 was continuously cycling between intracellular compartments and the cell surface in OBT2D myotubes, independently of lipid raft association, leading to increased cell surface FAT/CD36 localization and lipid accumulation. Moreover, we showed that FAT/CD36 cycling and lipid accumulation were specific to myotubes and were not observed in reserve cells. However, in Control myotubes, the induction of FAT/CD36 membrane translocation by the activation of (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway did not increase lipid accumulation. This result can be explained by the fact that pharmacological activation of AMPK leads to increased mitochondrial beta-oxidation in Control cells. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Lipid accumulation in myotubes derived from obese type 2 diabetic patients arises from abnormal FAT/CD36 cycling while lipid accumulation in Control cells results from an equilibrium between lipid uptake and oxidation. As such, inhibiting FAT/CD36 cycling in the skeletal muscle of obese type 2 diabetic patients should be sufficient to diminish lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Aguer
- INSERM, U1046 Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Marc Foretz
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Louise Lantier
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Hebrard
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Inserm, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Mercier
- INSERM, U1046 Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
- CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Magali Kitzmann
- INSERM, U1046 Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles, Montpellier, France
- Université Montpellier 1, Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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Digel M, Staffer S, Ehehalt F, Stremmel W, Ehehalt R, Füllekrug J. FATP4 contributes as an enzyme to the basal and insulin-mediated fatty acid uptake of C₂C₁₂ muscle cells. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2011; 301:E785-96. [PMID: 21750264 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00079.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The function of membrane proteins in long-chain fatty acid transport is controversial. The acyl-CoA synthetase fatty acid transport protein-4 (FATP4) has been suggested to facilitate fatty acid uptake indirectly by its enzymatic activity, or directly by transport across the plasma membrane. Here, we investigated the function of FATP4 in basal and insulin mediated fatty acid uptake in C(2)C(12) muscle cells, a model system relevant for fatty acid metabolism. Stable expression of exogenous FATP4 resulted in a twofold higher fatty acyl-CoA synthetase activity, and cellular uptake of oleate was enhanced similarly. Kinetic analysis demonstrated that FATP4 allowed the cells to reach apparent saturation of fatty acid uptake at a twofold higher level compared with control. Short-term treatment with insulin increased fatty acid uptake in line with previous reports. Surprisingly, insulin increased the acyl-CoA synthetase activity of C(2)C(12) cells within minutes. This effect was sensitive to inhibition of insulin signaling by wortmannin. Affinity purified FATP4 prepared from insulin-treated cells showed an enhanced enzyme activity, suggesting it constitutes a novel target of short-term metabolic regulation by insulin. This offers a new mechanistic explanation for the concomitantly observed enhanced fatty acid uptake. FATP4 was colocalized to the endoplasmic reticulum by double immunofluorescence and subcellular fractionation, clearly distinct from the plasma membrane. Importantly, neither differentiation into myotubes nor insulin treatment changed the localization of FATP4. We conclude that FATP4 functions by its intrinsic enzymatic activity. This is in line with the concept that intracellular metabolism plays a significant role in cellular fatty acid uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarete Digel
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Masson CJ, Plat J, Mensink RP, Namiot A, Kisielewski W, Namiot Z, Füllekrug J, Ehehalt R, Glatz JFC, Pelsers MMAL. Fatty acid- and cholesterol transporter protein expression along the human intestinal tract. PLoS One 2010; 5:e10380. [PMID: 20454462 PMCID: PMC2861623 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Protein distribution profiles along the human intestinal tract of transporters involved in the absorption of cholesterol and long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) have been scarcely evaluated. Methodology/Principal Findings In post-mortem samples from 11 subjects, intestinal transporter distribution profiles were determined via Western Blot. Differences in transporter protein levels were statistically tested using ANOVA and Tukey's Post Hoc comparisons. Levels in all segments were expressed relative to those in duodenum. Except for ABCG5 and FATP4, levels (mean±SEM) were the highest in the ileum. For ABCA1, ileal levels (1.80±0.26) differed significantly from those in duodenum (P = 0.049) and proximal colon (0.92±0.14; P = 0.029). ABCG8 levels in ileum (1.91±0.30) differed from those in duodenum (P = 0.041) and distal colon (0.84±0.22; P = 0.010) and jejunum (1.64±0.26) tended to be higher than distal colon (0.84±0.22; P = 0.087). Ileal NPC1L1 levels (2.56±0.51) differed from duodenum levels (P = 0.019) and from distal colon (1.09±0.22; P = 0.030). There was also a trend (P = 0.098) for higher jejunal (2.23±0.37) than duodenal NPC1L1 levels. The levels of ABCG5 did not correlate with those of ABCG8. FAT/CD36 levels in ileum (2.03±0.42) differed from those in duodenum (P = 0.017), and proximal and distal colon (0.89±0.13 and 0.97±0.15 respectively; P = 0.011 and P = 0.014). FABPpm levels in ileum (1.04±0.13) differed from proximal (0.64±0.07; P = 0.026) and distal colon (0.66±0.09; P = 0.037). Conclusions/Significance The distribution profiles showed a bell-shape pattern along the GI-tract with the highest levels in ileum for ABCA1, ABCG8, NPC1L1, FATCD36 and FABPm, suggesting a prominent role for ileum in transporter-mediated uptake of cholesterol and LCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiaan J. Masson
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jogchum Plat
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald P. Mensink
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Andrzej Namiot
- Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kisielewski
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Namiot
- Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joachim Füllekrug
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Ehehalt
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan F. C. Glatz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice M. A. L. Pelsers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Schwenk RW, Holloway GP, Luiken JJFP, Bonen A, Glatz JFC. Fatty acid transport across the cell membrane: regulation by fatty acid transporters. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2010; 82:149-54. [PMID: 20206486 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2010.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Transport of long-chain fatty acids across the cell membrane has long been thought to occur by passive diffusion. However, in recent years there has been a fundamental shift in understanding, and it is now generally recognized that fatty acids cross the cell membrane via a protein-mediated mechanism. Membrane-associated fatty acid-binding proteins ('fatty acid transporters') not only facilitate but also regulate cellular fatty acid uptake, for instance through their inducible rapid (and reversible) translocation from intracellular storage pools to the cell membrane. A number of fatty acid transporters have been identified, including CD36, plasma membrane-associated fatty acid-binding protein (FABP(pm)), and a family of fatty acid transport proteins (FATP1-6). Fatty acid transporters are also implicated in metabolic disease, such as insulin resistance and type-2 diabetes. In this report we briefly review current understanding of the mechanism of transmembrane fatty acid transport, and the function of fatty acid transporters in healthy cardiac and skeletal muscle, and in insulin resistance/type-2 diabetes. Fatty acid transporters hold promise as a future target to rectify lipid fluxes in the body and regain metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Schwenk
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Glatz JFC, Luiken JJFP, Bonen A. Membrane Fatty Acid Transporters as Regulators of Lipid Metabolism: Implications for Metabolic Disease. Physiol Rev 2010; 90:367-417. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00003.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 515] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-chain fatty acids and lipids serve a wide variety of functions in mammalian homeostasis, particularly in the formation and dynamic properties of biological membranes and as fuels for energy production in tissues such as heart and skeletal muscle. On the other hand, long-chain fatty acid metabolites may exert toxic effects on cellular functions and cause cell injury. Therefore, fatty acid uptake into the cell and intracellular handling need to be carefully controlled. In the last few years, our knowledge of the regulation of cellular fatty acid uptake has dramatically increased. Notably, fatty acid uptake was found to occur by a mechanism that resembles that of cellular glucose uptake. Thus, following an acute stimulus, particularly insulin or muscle contraction, specific fatty acid transporters translocate from intracellular stores to the plasma membrane to facilitate fatty acid uptake, just as these same stimuli recruit glucose transporters to increase glucose uptake. This regulatory mechanism is important to clear lipids from the circulation postprandially and to rapidly facilitate substrate provision when the metabolic demands of heart and muscle are increased by contractile activity. Studies in both humans and animal models have implicated fatty acid transporters in the pathogenesis of diseases such as the progression of obesity to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. As a result, membrane fatty acid transporters are now being regarded as a promising therapeutic target to redirect lipid fluxes in the body in an organ-specific fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F. C. Glatz
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Joost J. F. P. Luiken
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - Arend Bonen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; and Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
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Tölle A, Jung M, Lein M, Johannsen M, Miller K, Moch H, Jung K, Kristiansen G. Brain-type and liver-type fatty acid-binding proteins: new tumor markers for renal cancer? BMC Cancer 2009; 9:248. [PMID: 19622156 PMCID: PMC2732640 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2009] [Accepted: 07/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common renal neoplasm. Cancer tissue is often characterized by altered energy regulation. Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP) are involved in the intracellular transport of fatty acids (FA). We examined the level of brain-type (B) and liver-type (L) FABP mRNA and the protein expression profiles of both FABPs in renal cell carcinoma. METHODS Paired tissue samples of cancerous and noncancerous kidney parts were investigated. Quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to determine B- and L-FABP in tumor and normal tissues. The tissue microarray (TMA) contained 272 clinico-pathologically characterized renal cell carcinomas of the clear cell, papillary and chromophobe subtype. SPSS 17.0 was used to apply crosstables (chi2-test), correlations and survival analyses. RESULTS B-FABP mRNA was significantly up-regulated in renal cell carcinoma. In normal tissue B-FABP mRNA was very low or often not detectable. RCC with a high tumor grading (G3 + G4) showed significantly lower B-FABP mRNA compared with those with a low grading (G1 + G2). Western blotting analysis detected B-FABP in 78% of the cases with a very strong band but in the corresponding normal tissue it was weak or not detectable. L-FABP showed an inverse relationship for mRNA quantification and western blotting. A strong B-FABP staining was present in 52% of the tumor tissues contained in the TMA. In normal renal tissue, L-FABP showed a moderate to strong immunoreactivity in proximal tubuli. L-FABP was expressed at lower rates compared with the normal tissues in 30.5% of all tumors. There was no correlation between patient survival times and the staining intensity of both FABPs. CONCLUSION While B-FABP is over expressed in renal cell carcinoma in comparison to normal renal tissues L-FABP appears to be reduced in tumor tissue. Although the expression behavior was not related to the survival outcome of the RCC patients, it can be assumed that these changes indicate fundamental alterations in the fatty metabolism in the RCC carcinogenesis. Further studies should identify the role of both FABPs in carcinogenesis, progression and with regard to a potential target in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Tölle
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Karsenty J, Helal O, de la Porte PL, Beauclair-Deprez P, Martin-Elyazidi C, Planells R, Storch J, Gastaldi M. I-FABP expression alters the intracellular distribution of the BODIPY C16 fatty acid analog. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 326:97-104. [PMID: 19125316 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-008-0004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the structure-function relationships of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) in cellular fatty acid (FA) trafficking, we compared the distribution of a fluorescent FA analog (BODIPY FL C16) in Cos-1 cells transiently transfected with the wild type protein (wt I-FABP) to that of a variant deleted of the alpha helical domain (HL I-FABP). In vector-only cells, BODIPY fluorescence was distributed throughout the cytoplasm. In the absence of added FA, wt I-FABP was found largely in the perinuclear region with some cytoplasmic staining as well. Addition of BODIPY FL C16 to transfected cells showed that the fluorescent FA was essentially completely colocalized with the protein in the cytoplasmic and perinuclear regions as well as in cytoplasmic clusters that are not observed in the absence of wt I-FABP. For HL I-FABP, the distribution of the protein in the absence of FA was diffusely cytoplasmic, in marked contrast to the wt protein. Addition of BODIPY led to less extensive colocalization than that observed for wt I-FABP. In particular, no localization to the perinuclear region was found. Organelle colocalization studies showed that both proteins colocalized with mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum/golgi markers, but little with a lysosomal marker. The perinuclear localization for wt I-FABP and BODIPY did not show colocalization with any of the markers tested. Taken together, these results indicate that I-FABP binds FA in vivo and that the helical domain may be important for targeting I-FABP to a perinuclear domain but not, perhaps, to the endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus or mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Karsenty
- INSERM, U476 Nutrition Humaine et Lipides, Marseille, 13385, France
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Slipicevic A, Jørgensen K, Skrede M, Rosnes AKR, Trøen G, Davidson B, Flørenes VA. The fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7) is involved in proliferation and invasion of melanoma cells. BMC Cancer 2008; 8:276. [PMID: 18826602 PMCID: PMC2569959 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-8-276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The molecular mechanisms underlying melanoma tumor development and progression are still not completely understood. One of the new candidates that emerged from a recent gene expression profiling study is fatty acid-binding protein 7 (FABP7), involved in lipid metabolism, gene regulation, cell growth and differentiation. Methods We studied the functional role of FABP7 in human melanoma cell lines and using immunohistochemistry analyzed its expression pattern and clinical role in 11 nevi, 149 primary melanomas and 68 metastases. Results FABP7 mRNA and protein level is down-regulated following treatment of melanoma cell lines with a PKC activator (PMA) or MEK1 inhibitor (PD98059). Down-regulation of FABP7 using siRNA decreased cell proliferation and invasion but did not affect apoptosis. In clinical specimens, FABP7 was expressed in 91% of nevi, 71% of primary melanomas and 70% of metastases, with a cytoplasmic and/or nuclear localization. FABP7 expression was associated with tumor thickness in superficial spreading melanoma (P = 0.021). In addition, we observed a trend for an association between FABP7 expression and Ki-67 score (P = 0.070) and shorter relapse-free survival (P = 0.069) in this group of patients. Conclusion Our data suggest that FABP7 can be regulated by PKC and the MAPK/ERK1/2 pathway through independent mechanisms in melanoma cell lines. Furthermore, FABP7 is involved in cell proliferation and invasion in vitro, and may be associated with tumor progression in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Slipicevic
- Pathology Clinic, Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet Medical Center, Montebello N-0310 Oslo, Norway.
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Hofstra JM, Deegens JKJ, Steenbergen EJ, Wetzels JFM. Urinary excretion of fatty acid-binding proteins in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2008; 23:3160-5. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfn190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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The interaction of liver fatty-acid-binding protein (FABP) with anionic phospholipid vesicles: is there extended phospholipid anchorage under these conditions? Biochem J 2008; 410:123-9. [PMID: 17935485 DOI: 10.1042/bj20071109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Liver FABP (fatty-acid-binding protein) binds a variety of non-polar anionic ligands including fatty acids, fatty acyl CoAs, lysophospholipids and bile acids. Liver FABP is also able to bind to anionic phospholipid vesicles under conditions of low ionic strength, and membrane binding results in the release of bound ligand. However, the molecular interactions involved in binding to the phospholipid interface and the mechanism of ligand release are not known. Ligand release could be due to a significant conformational change in the protein at the interface or interaction of a phospholipid molecule with the ligand-binding cavity of the protein resulting in ligand displacement. Two portal mutant proteins of liver FABP, L28W and M74W, have now been used to investigate the binding of liver FABP to anionic phospholipid vesicles, monitoring changes in fluorescence and also fluorescence quenching in the presence of brominated lipids. There is a large increase in fluorescence intensity when the L28W mutant protein binds to vesicles prepared from DOPG (dioleoyl-sn-phosphatidylglycerol), but a large decrease in fluorescence intensity when the M74W mutant binds to these vesicles. The Br(4)-phospholipid prepared by bromination of DOPG dramatically quenches both L28W and M74W, consistent with the close proximity of a fatty acyl chain to the tryptophan residues. The binding of liver FABP to DOPG vesicles is accompanied by only a minimal change in the CD spectrum. Overall, the results are consistent with a molecule of anionic phospholipid interacting with the central cavity of the liver FABP, possibly involving the phospholipid molecule in an extended conformation.
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Mita R, Coles JE, Glubrecht DD, Sung R, Sun X, Godbout R. B-FABP-expressing radial glial cells: the malignant glioma cell of origin? Neoplasia 2007; 9:734-44. [PMID: 17898869 PMCID: PMC1993858 DOI: 10.1593/neo.07439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2007] [Revised: 07/04/2007] [Accepted: 07/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain fatty acid-binding protein (B-FABP) is normally expressed in radial glial cells, where it plays a role in the establishment of the radial glial fiber network required for neuronal migration. B-FABP is also expressed in astrocytoma tumors and in some malignant glioma cell lines. To address the role of B-FABP in malignant glioma, we have studied the growth properties of clonal populations of malignant glioma cells modified for B-FABP expression. Here, we demonstrate that expression of B-FABP in B-FABP-negative malignant glioma cells is accompanied by the appearance of radial glial-like properties, such as increased migration and extended bipolar cell processes, as well as reduced transformation. Conversely, B-FABP depletion in B-FABP-positive malignant glioma cells results in decreased migration, reduction in cell processes, and a more transformed phenotype. Moreover, expression of B-FABP in astrocytomas is associated with regions of tumor infiltration and recurrence. Rather than being a direct manifestation of the tumorigenic process, we propose that the ability of high-grade astrocytoma cells to migrate long distances from the primary tumor reflects properties associated with their cell of origin. Thus, targeting B-FABP-expressing cells may make a significant impact on the treatment of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Mita
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Binas B, Erol E. FABPs as determinants of myocellular and hepatic fuel metabolism. Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 299:75-84. [PMID: 17001451 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-9043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In vitro experiments and expression patterns have long suggested important roles for the genetically related cytosolic fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) in lipid metabolism. However, evidence for such roles in vivo has become available only recently from genetic manipulation of FABP expression in mice. Here, we summarize the fuel-metabolic phenotypes of mice lacking the genes encoding heart-type FABP (H-/- mice) or liver-type FABP (L-/- mice). Cytosolic extracts from H-/- heart and skeletal muscle and from L-/- liver showed massively reduced binding of long chain fatty acids (LCFA) and, in case of L-/- liver, also of LCFA-CoA. Uptake, oxidation, and esterification LCFA, when measured in vivo and/or ex vivo, were markedly reduced in H-/- heart and muscle and in L-/- liver. The reduced LCFA oxidation in H-/- heart and L-/- liver was not due to reduced activity of PPARa, a fatty acid-sensitive transcription factor that determines the lipid-oxidative capacity in these organs. In H-/- mice, mechanisms of compensation were partially studied and included a redistribution of muscle mitochondria as well as increases of cardiac and skeletal muscle glucose uptakes and of hepatic ketogenesis. In skeletal muscle, the altered glucose uptake included decreased basal but increased insulin-dependent components. Metabolic compensation was only partial, however, since the H-/- mice showed decreased exercise tolerance. In conclusion, the recent studies established H- and L-FABP as major determinants of regional LCFA utilization; therefore the H-/- and L-/- mice are attractive models for studying principles of fuel selection and metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Binas
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Vet. Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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Cardiac substrate uptake and metabolism in obesity and type-2 diabetes: role of sarcolemmal substrate transporters. Mol Cell Biochem 2007. [PMID: 16988889 PMCID: PMC1915649 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-9372-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Glatz JF. Cardiac substrate uptake and metabolism in obesity and type-2 diabetes: role of sarcolemmal substrate transporters. Mol Cell Biochem 2007; 299:5-18. [PMID: 16988889 PMCID: PMC1915649 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-005-9030-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death in obesity and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Alterations in substrate metabolism are believed to be involved in the development of both cardiac dysfunction and insulin resistance in these conditions. Under physiological circumstances the heart utilizes predominantly long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) (60-70%), with the remainder covered by carbohydrates, i.e., glucose (20%) and lactate (10%). The cellular uptake of both LCFA and glucose is regulated by the sarcolemmal amount of specific transport proteins, i.e., fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 and GLUT4, respectively. These transport proteins are not only present at the sarcolemma, but also in intracellular storage compartments. Both an increased workload and the hormone insulin induce translocation of FAT/CD36 and GLUT4 to the sarcolemma. In this review, recent findings on the insulin and contraction signalling pathways involved in substrate uptake and utilization by cardiac myocytes under physiological conditions are discussed. New insights in alterations in substrate uptake and utilization during insulin resistance and its progression towards T2DM suggest a pivotal role for substrate transporters. During the development of obesity towards T2DM alterations in cardiac lipid homeostasis were found to precede alterations in glucose homeostasis. In the early stages of T2DM, relocation of FAT/CD36 to the sarcolemma is associated with the myocardial accumulation of triacylglycerols (TAGs) eventually leading to an impaired insulin-stimulated GLUT4-translocation. These novel insights may result in new strategies for the prevention of development of cardiac dysfunction and insulin resistance in obesity and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F.C. Glatz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, CARIM, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Sanchez-Hidalgo M, Lu Z, Tan DX, Maldonado MD, Reiter RJ, Gregerman RI. Melatonin inhibits fatty acid-induced triglyceride accumulation in ROS17/2.8 cells: implications for osteoblast differentiation and osteoporosis. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2007; 292:R2208-15. [PMID: 17379847 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00013.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin is produced not only by the pineal gland but by cells of the bone marrow. Moreover, melatonin is known to promote osteogenic differentiation in several cell line models and in multipotential bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Fatty acids have been independently shown to direct such cells to acquire the phenotype and molecular characteristics of adipocytes. To examine the effect of melatonin on intracellular triglyceride accumulation, an indicator of adipogenic differentiation in the rat osteoblast-like ROS17/2.8 cell line, cells were incubated with added oleic acid (100 μM), fixed and stained with Oil Red O. Cellular lipid accumulation was quantitated by an Oil Red O method highly specific for triglycerides and expressed as a triglyceride accumulation index (TGAI, triglyceride per cell). Melatonin in nanomolar concentrations inhibited oleic acid-induced triglyceride accumulation. To identify the mechanism by which melatonin reduces triglyceride accumulation, cells were incubated with the two melatonin receptor antagonists, luzindole and S20928, or forskolin, a stimulator of adenylyl cyclase and cAMP production. These compounds prevented the inhibitory effect of melatonin on triglyceride accumulation, indicating that melatonin acts through known melatonin receptor-mediated mechanisms. In view of the previously demonstrated positive effects of melatonin in promoting osteoblastic differentiation in ROS17/2.8 cells and their reciprocal adipocytic differentiation induced by fatty acids, our observations may serve to relate the known age-related decreases of melatonin production, the shift in the bone marrow toward an adipocytic line of cell development, and the development of osteoporosis during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sanchez-Hidalgo
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, USA
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Bonen A, Chabowski A, Luiken JJFP, Glatz JFC. Is membrane transport of FFA mediated by lipid, protein, or both? Mechanisms and regulation of protein-mediated cellular fatty acid uptake: molecular, biochemical, and physiological evidence. Physiology (Bethesda) 2007; 22:15-29. [PMID: 17342856 DOI: 10.1152/physiologyonline.2007.22.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Arend Bonen
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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Abstract
In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge about the biochemistry of mammalian peroxisomes, especially human peroxisomes. The identification and characterization of yeast mutants defective either in the biogenesis of peroxisomes or in one of its metabolic functions, notably fatty acid beta-oxidation, combined with the recognition of a group of genetic diseases in man, wherein these processes are also defective, have provided new insights in all aspects of peroxisomes. As a result of these and other studies, the indispensable role of peroxisomes in multiple metabolic pathways has been clarified, and many of the enzymes involved in these pathways have been characterized, purified, and cloned. One aspect of peroxisomes, which has remained ill defined, is the transport of metabolites across the peroxisomal membrane. Although it is clear that mammalian peroxisomes under in vivo conditions are closed structures, which require the active presence of metabolite transporter proteins, much remains to be learned about the permeability properties of mammalian peroxisomes and the role of the four half ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters therein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald J A Wanders
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Disease, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Shepard W, Haouz A, Graña M, Buschiazzo A, Betton JM, Cole ST, Alzari PM. The crystal structure of Rv0813c from Mycobacterium tuberculosis reveals a new family of fatty acid-binding protein-like proteins in bacteria. J Bacteriol 2006; 189:1899-904. [PMID: 17172346 PMCID: PMC1855704 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01435-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene Rv0813c from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which codes for a hypothetical protein of unknown function, is conserved within the order Actinomycetales but absent elsewhere. The crystal structure of Rv0813c reveals a new family of proteins that resemble the fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) found in eukaryotes. Rv0813c adopts the 10-stranded beta-barrel fold typical of FABPs but lacks the double-helix insert that covers the entry to the binding site in the eukaryotic proteins. The barrel encloses a deep cavity, at the bottom of which a small cyclic ligand was found to bind to the hydroxyl group of Tyr192. This residue is part of a conserved Arg-X-Tyr motif much like the triad that binds the carboxylate group of fatty acids in FABPs. Most of the residues forming the internal surface of the cavity are conserved in homologous protein sequences found in CG-rich prokaryotes, strongly suggesting that Rv0813c is a member of a new family of bacterial FABP-like proteins that may have roles in the recognition, transport, and/or storage of small molecules in the bacterial cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Shepard
- Unité de Biochimie Structurale, CNRS URA 2185, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris, France
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Murcia M, Faráldo-Gómez JD, Maxfield FR, Roux B. Modeling the structure of the StART domains of MLN64 and StAR proteins in complex with cholesterol. J Lipid Res 2006; 47:2614-30. [PMID: 16990645 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m600232-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein-related lipid transfer (StART) domains are ubiquitously involved in intracellular lipid transport and metabolism and other cell-signaling events. In this work, we use a flexible docking algorithm, comparative modeling, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to generate plausible three-dimensional atomic models of the StART domains of human metastatic lymph node 64 (MLN64) and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) proteins in complex with cholesterol. Our results show that cholesterol can adopt a similar conformation in the binding cavity in both cases and that the main contribution to the protein-ligand interaction energy derives from hydrophobic contacts. However, hydrogen-bonding and water-mediated interactions appear to be important in the fine-tuning of the binding affinity and the position of the ligand. To gain insights into the mechanism of binding, we carried out steered MD simulations in which cholesterol was gradually extracted from within the StAR model. These simulations indicate that a transient opening of loop Omega1 may be sufficient for uptake and release, and they also reveal a pathway of intermediate states involving residues known to be crucial for StAR activity. Based on these observations, we suggest specific mutagenesis targets for binding studies of cholesterol and its derivatives that could improve our understanding of the structural determinants for ligand binding by sterol carrier proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Murcia
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
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