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Gebhard D, Herz M. How to Address the Health of Home Care Workers: A Systematic Review of the Last Two Decades. J Appl Gerontol 2023; 42:689-703. [PMID: 36440715 PMCID: PMC9996797 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221141084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Making home care a healthy workplace is a societal concern but research on specific interventions is still scarce. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an initial overview of interventions addressing home care workers' health. All (quasi-) experimental studies, presenting any intervention among home care employees, and reporting any outcome related to occupational health, safety, or well-being were included. PsycArticles, Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched from January 2000 to February 2022. From 16,345 publications, 18 studies with 2432 participants were included and assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. Organizational and training/educational approaches were found in five studies each, a behavioral approach in one, and seven studies presented a combined approach. Due to methodological limitations and the heterogeneity of interventions, the existing studies are insufficient to inform new programs, but emphasize the need for tailored approaches, integrated concepts, and participatory intervention development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Gebhard
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, 9184Technical University of Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Herz
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, 9184Technical University of Munich, Germany
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Zhang Y, Dugan AG, El Ghaziri M, Siddique S, Punnett L. Work-Family Conflict and Depression Among Healthcare Workers: The Role of Sleep and Decision Latitude. Workplace Health Saf 2023; 71:195-205. [PMID: 36636904 PMCID: PMC10655495 DOI: 10.1177/21650799221139998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers report a higher incidence of depression than the general population. Work-family conflict is a risk factor, but the mechanisms explaining its association with depression are not well understood. This study examines the potential mediating and moderating role of sleep and decision latitude in translating work-family conflict into depression. METHODS In 2018, a cross-sectional survey was collected from healthcare workers (n = 1,059) in five public sector facilities in the northeast United States. The survey included questions on participants' work-family conflict, depression, sleep duration and disturbances, decision latitude, and other work environments and socio-demographic characteristics. Multivariable linear and Poisson regression modeling were used to examine associations among variables. FINDINGS There was a significant association between work-family conflict and depression (β = 2.70, p < .001). Sleep disturbances, although not short sleep duration, partially mediated this association. The association between work family-conflict and depression was stronger among workers with low decision latitude. CONCLUSIONS Depression was prevalent among healthcare workers and was associated with work-family conflict. Sleep disturbances served as a significant mediator, while decision latitude modified the strength of the association. APPLICATION TO PRACTICE Evidence-based interventions seeking to alleviate the effect of work-family conflict and improve healthcare workers' mental health should consider promoting employee sleep quality and improving employees' decision-making on the job.
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Guerin R, Glasgow R, Tyler A, Rabin B, Huebschmann A. Methods to improve the translation of evidence-based interventions: A primer on dissemination and implementation science for occupational safety and health researchers and practitioners. SAFETY SCIENCE 2022; 152:105763. [PMID: 37854304 PMCID: PMC10583726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2022.105763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective A limited focus on dissemination and implementation (D&I) science has hindered the uptake of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) that reduce workplace morbidity and mortality. D&I science methods can be used in the occupational safety and health (OSH) field to advance the adoption, implementation, and sustainment of EBIs for complex workplaces. These approaches should be responsive to contextual factors, including the needs of partners and beneficiaries (such as employers, employees, and intermediaries). Methods By synthesizing seminal literature and texts and leveraging our collective knowledge as D&I science and/or OSH researchers, we developed a D&I science primer for OSH. First, we provide an overview of common D&I terminology and concepts. Second, we describe several key and evolving issues in D&I science: balancing adaptation with intervention fidelity and specifying implementation outcomes and strategies. Next, we review D&I theories, models, and frameworks and offer examples for applying these to OSH research. We also discuss widely used D&I research designs, methods, and measures. Finally, we discuss future directions for D&I science application to OSH and provide resources for further exploration. Results We compiled a D&I science primer for OSH appropriate for practitioners and evaluators, especially those newer to the field. Conclusion This article fills a gap in the OSH research by providing an overview of D&I science to enhance understanding of key concepts, issues, models, designs, methods and measures for the translation into practice of effective OSH interventions to advance the safety, health and well-being of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R.J. Guerin
- Division of Science Integration, National Institute for
Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1090
Tusculum Ave., MS C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - R.E. Glasgow
- Dissemination and Implementation Science Program,
University of Colorado Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery
Science, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- University of Colorado Department of Family Medicine,
Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - A. Tyler
- Dissemination and Implementation Science Program,
University of Colorado Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery
Science, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- University of Colorado Department of Pediatrics, Section
of Hospital Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - B.A. Rabin
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human
Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- UC San Diego Altman Clinical and Translational Research
Institute Dissemination and Implementation Science Center, University of California
San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - A.G. Huebschmann
- Dissemination and Implementation Science Program,
University of Colorado Adult and Child Center for Outcomes Research and Delivery
Science, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- University of Colorado Division of General Internal
Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- University of Colorado Ludeman Family Center for
Women’s Health Research, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Schwatka NV, Dally M, Shore E, Tenney L, Brown CE, Scott JG, Dexter L, Newman LS. Small + Safe + Well: lessons learned from a Total Worker Health® randomized intervention to promote organizational change in small business. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1039. [PMID: 35610627 PMCID: PMC9128251 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leadership commitment to worker safety and health is one of the most important factors when organizations develop and implement a Total Worker Health® approach. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of a Total Worker Health ("TWH") leadership development program that targeted owners and other senior-level leadership positions on changing organizational and worker outcomes from baseline to one-year later. METHODS The Small + Safe + Well study included small businesses from a variety of industries in the state of Colorado, USA that were participating in Health Links™. We designed a randomized waitlisted control comparison design (RCT) to evaluate the added benefit of a TWH leadership development program. An employer assessment tool was used to assess TWH policies and programs, and an employee health and safety survey was used to assess safety leadership and health leadership practices, safety climate and health climate, safety behaviors and health behaviors, and well-being. We used a linear mixed model framework with random effects for business and employee to assess the impact of intervention on the outcomes of interest. RESULTS Thirty-six businesses (37% retention) and 250 employees (9% retention) met the RCT study inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Businesses improved their TWH policies and programs score from baseline to one-year later, regardless of leadership intervention group assignment. Neither intervention group demonstrated improvements in employee-reported outcomes. CONCLUSIONS This study sought to address a gap in the literature regarding small business senior leadership development for TWH. Our study demonstrates many of the challenges of conducting studies focused on organizational change in workplaces, specifically in small businesses. When designing TWH intervention studies, researchers should consider how to best engage small business leaders in interventions and implementations early on, as well as methods that are well matched to measuring primary and secondary outcomes longitudinally. Future research is needed to test the feasibility and sustainability of TWH interventions in small business. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov ( ID U19OH011227 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie V Schwatka
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Miranda Dally
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Erin Shore
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Present Address: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Liliana Tenney
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Carol E Brown
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Joshua G Scott
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Present Address: 2U, Inc., Lanham, MD, USA
| | - Lynn Dexter
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Lee S Newman
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, and Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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Factors Influencing Long-Term Care Workers' Self-Efficacy for Encouraging Residents to Engage in Physical Activity. J Aging Phys Act 2022; 30:987-994. [PMID: 35303711 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2021-0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to assess work-related factors and their association with long-term care workers' self-efficacy for encouraging and engaging residents in physical activity. Baseline data from a worksite wellness study with 98 workers were used. We used a linear regression model, to assess if job satisfaction, work ability, and social support for staff health behaviors from coworkers and supervisors were associated with staffs' self-efficacy for Function-Focused Care (FFC) and Staffs' Outcome Expectations for FFC. Staffs' social support for healthy behaviors from coworkers was the only factor that was significantly associated with Staffs' Outcome Expectations for FFC and staffs' self-efficacy-FFC, respectively explaining 19% and 14% of the variance. Our findings show that staffs' social support from coworkers is associated with higher self-efficacy for encouraging and engaging residents in physical activity suggests future worksite wellness studies with long-term care workers may wish to consider assessing program impacts on residents' physical activity levels.
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Giuliani-Dewig HK, Kerr ZY, Register-Mihalik JK, Mota JA, Ryan ED. Factors Associated with the Willingness to Perform a Physical Employment Standard in Probation Officers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54:330-336. [PMID: 34559720 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined worker characteristics and behaviors and the perceived importance of job-related tasks associated with the willingness to perform a proposed probation officer physical ability test (PROPAT). METHODS North Carolina probation officers (N = 1213, 46.2% female, 39.8 ± 10.1 yr, 30.7 ± 6.6 kg·m-2) completed a survey including demographics, health history, and job-related tasks. A multivariable logistic regression model estimated the odds of being willing to perform the PROPAT. Adjusted odds ratios (ORadjusted) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated, with those excluding 1.00 deemed statistically significant. RESULTS The majority (72%) of probation officers were willing to perform the PROPAT. Being male (compared with female) (ORadjusted = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.12-2.02) and having moderate (ORadjusted = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.10-2.08) and high physical activity status (ORadjusted = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.97-4.28) (compared with low) increased the odds of being willing to perform the PROPAT. Additionally, reporting a greater importance of tasks, including running to pursue a suspect (TASKRUN, 1-unit increase, ORadjusted = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.10-1.43) and dragging an unresisting person (TASKDRAG, 1-unit increase, ORadjusted = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.01-1.32), increased the odds of being willing to perform the PROPAT. Increasing age (1-yr increase, ORadjusted = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.94-0.98), class II (ORadjusted = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.28-0.71) and class III obesity (compared with normal weight, ORadjusted = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.32-0.93), and a previous musculoskeletal injury (ORadjusted = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.35-0.93) all decreased the odds of being willing to perform the PROPAT. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest being older, previously injured, obese (body mass index ≥ 35 kg·m-2), and less active is associated with being less willing to participate in the PROPAT, whereas males and reporting a higher importance of the TASKRUN and TASKDRAG activities is associated with being more willing to participate in the PROPAT. Departments can use these findings to identify feasible strategies (e.g., education and physical training) to improve the implementation of physical employment standards.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jacob A Mota
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Kelly
- Department of Anthropology, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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8
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Lemke MK. In Response to a Rebuttal that Misses the Mark: Seeing the Forest for the Trees by Integrating Complex Systems Approaches Into Total Worker Health. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:e823-e824. [PMID: 34138826 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Siegel A, Hoge AC, Ehmann AT, Martus P, Rieger MA. Attitudes of Company Executives toward a Comprehensive Workplace Health Management-Results of an Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study in Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111475. [PMID: 34769990 PMCID: PMC8583484 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Workplace health management (WHM) in Germany aims at maintaining and increasing the health and well-being of employees. Little is known about company executives’ attitudes toward WHM. To gain more insight, we conducted a large-scale survey in companies in the German county of Reutlingen in 2017. We sent a standardized questionnaire to 906 companies, containing inter alia 26 self-constructed declarative statements depicting company executives’ opinions on various WHM aspects; 222 questionnaires could be evaluated. By exploratory factor analysis we assigned the 26 items to six factors reflecting different attitudes toward WHM. Factor values were standardized to a scale from 0 to 10. The attitude ‘positive view of general health services in the company’, for example, achieved by far the lowest mean agreement (3.3 points). For the attitude ‘general skepticism toward WHM’, agreement and disagreement were balanced (5.0 points). Using multiple regression analyses, we searched for variables that could partially explain respondents’ agreement with attitudes. In conclusion, a general WHM skepticism was widespread, but not dominant. The idea that general health services should be offered in companies was predominantly rejected. Older respondents and respondents from smaller companies and craft enterprises were more skeptical than average about WHM and its possible extensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Achim Siegel
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-7071-29-86812
| | - Aileen C. Hoge
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Anna T. Ehmann
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Peter Martus
- Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, University Hospital Tübingen, Silcherstr. 5, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Monika A. Rieger
- Institute of Occupational and Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany; (A.C.H.); (A.T.E.); (M.A.R.)
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Dissemination and Implementation Science Approaches for Occupational Safety and Health Research: Implications for Advancing Total Worker Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111050. [PMID: 34769573 PMCID: PMC8583149 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Total Worker Health® (TWH), an initiative of the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, is defined as policies, programs, and practices that integrate protection from work-related health and safety hazards by promoting efforts that advance worker well-being. Interventions that apply the TWH paradigm improve workplace health more rapidly than wellness programs alone. Evidence of the barriers and facilitators to the adoption, implementation, and long-term maintenance of TWH programs is limited. Dissemination and implementation (D&I) science, the study of methods and strategies for bridging the gap between public health research and practice, can help address these system-, setting-, and worker-level factors to increase the uptake, impact, and sustainment of TWH activities. The purpose of this paper is to draw upon a synthesis of existing D&I science literature to provide TWH researchers and practitioners with: (1) an overview of D&I science; (2) a plain language explanation of key concepts in D&I science; (3) a case study example of moving a TWH intervention down the research-to-practice pipeline; and (4) a discussion of future opportunities for conducting D&I science in complex and dynamic workplace settings to increase worker safety, health, and well-being.
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Lovejoy M, Kelly EL, Kubzansky LD, Berkman LF. Work Redesign for the 21st Century: Promising Strategies for Enhancing Worker Well-Being. Am J Public Health 2021; 111:1787-1795. [PMID: 34499532 PMCID: PMC8561169 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2021.306283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Work is a key social determinant of population health and well-being. Yet, efforts to improve worker well-being in the United States are often focused on changing individual health behaviors via employer wellness programs. The COVID-19 health crisis has brought into sharp relief some of the limitations of current approaches, revealing structural conditions that heighten the vulnerability of workers and their families to physical and psychosocial stressors. To address these gaps, we build on existing frameworks and work redesign research to propose a model of work redesign updated for the 21st century that identifies strategies to reshape work conditions that are a root cause of stress-related health problems. These strategies include increasing worker schedule control and voice, moderating job demands, and providing training and employer support aimed at enhancing social relations at work. We conclude that work redesign offers new and viable directions for improving worker well-being and that guidance from federal and state governments could encourage the adoption and effective implementation of such initiatives. (Am J Public Health. 2021;111(10):1787-1795. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306283).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg Lovejoy
- Meg Lovejoy is with the Workplace and Well-Being Initiative, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the MIT Institute for Work and Employment Research and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Laura D. Kubzansky is with the Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness and the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies and the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Erin L Kelly
- Meg Lovejoy is with the Workplace and Well-Being Initiative, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the MIT Institute for Work and Employment Research and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Laura D. Kubzansky is with the Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness and the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies and the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Laura D Kubzansky
- Meg Lovejoy is with the Workplace and Well-Being Initiative, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the MIT Institute for Work and Employment Research and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Laura D. Kubzansky is with the Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness and the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies and the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
| | - Lisa F Berkman
- Meg Lovejoy is with the Workplace and Well-Being Initiative, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA. Erin L. Kelly is with the MIT Institute for Work and Employment Research and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Sloan School of Management, Cambridge. Laura D. Kubzansky is with the Lee Kum Sheung Center for Health and Happiness and the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Lisa F. Berkman is with the Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies and the Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health
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Davis J, Rohlman DS. Winter Weather-Related Crashes during the Commute to Work: An Opportunity for Total Worker Health ®. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910268. [PMID: 34639566 PMCID: PMC8507747 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background: The ways workers interface with their workplace and work are changing. These changes provide challenges and opportunities for health and safety professionals attempting to improve worker wellbeing for the future of work. For many workers, the morning commute, an activity typically outside the scope of workplace policies, is the most hazardous portion of the day. The hazard increases if workers are required to drive during winter weather or in other hazardous conditions in order to adhere to strict workplace start times. This research describes the role winter weather plays during the morning commute, demonstrating the need for organizational design and work arrangements that improve safety during the commute to work. Methods: Crash data from the Iowa Department of Transportation for the years 2013–2017 was linked to county level characteristics from the American Community Survey. Crashes were characterized by 30-min time intervals. The likelihood of the crash involving winter weather as a contributing circumstance was compared across time-intervals. Results: Winter weather was more likely to contribute to crashes during the commuting hours compared to 11:00 to 11:59 am. Winter weather was most frequently a contributing circumstance during 8:00–8:29 a.m. (OR = 2.21 95% CI: 1.93–2.52). Conclusions: Winter weather plays a role in crashes during commuting hours. Workplaces can adopt policies for flexible work start times or for telecommuting to empower workers to avoid hazardous driving conditions.
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An Exploratory, Qualitative Study of How Organizations Implement the Hierarchy of Controls Applied to Total Worker Health®. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910032. [PMID: 34639334 PMCID: PMC8508424 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of how Total Worker Health® (TWH) guidelines are implemented in employment organizations in the USA is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to explore how the principles of the Hierarchy of Controls Applied to NIOSH Total Worker Health (TWH HoC), have been implemented among organizations featured as Promising Practices for TWH between 2012–2019, with special focus on the work-related issues of fatigue, stress, sedentary work, and tobacco control. We also sought to identify benefits, obstacles, and lessons learned in the implementation of the TWH HoC. Eighteen organizations were identified to be included in the study. Using a qualitative cross-sectional design and purposive sampling, seven in-depth interviews were conducted with thirteen key informants. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to guide the thematic analysis and interpretation of qualitative data. Four themes identified include recognition of the TWH approach and TWH HoC, implementation of the TWH HoC, barriers and facilitators in addressing specific work-related issues, and implementation climate primes benefits, obstacles, and lessons learned. The inner setting (i.e., culture, implementation climate, readiness for implementation) of organizations was a prominent determinant of the implementation of integrated worker safety, health, and well-being interventions.
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Calitz C, Pratt C, Pronk NP, Fulton JE, Jinnett K, Thorndike AN, Addou E, Arena R, Brown AGM, Chang C, Latts L, Lerner D, Majors M, Mancuso M, Mills D, Sanchez E, Goff D. Cardiovascular Health Research in the Workplace: A Workshop Report. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e019016. [PMID: 34459251 PMCID: PMC8649235 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.019016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heart disease and stroke are the first and fifth leading causes of death in the United States, respectively. Employers have a unique opportunity to promote cardiovascular health, because >60% of US adults are employed, and most spend half of their waking hours at work. Despite the scope of the opportunity, <1 in 5 businesses implement evidence-based, comprehensive workplace health programs, policies, and practices. Integrated, systems-based workplace health approaches that harness data science and technology may have the potential to reach more employees and be cost-effective for employers. To evaluate the role of the workplace in promoting cardiovascular health across the lifespan, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and the American Heart Association convened a workshop on March 7, 2019, to share best practices, and to discuss current evidence and knowledge gaps, practical application, and dissemination of the evidence, and the need for innovation in workplace health research and practice. This report presents the broad themes discussed at the workshop and considerations for promoting worker cardiovascular health, including opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kimberly Jinnett
- University of California San Francisco and GenentechSan FranciscoCA
| | | | - Ebyan Addou
- National Heart Lung and Blood InstituteBethesdaMD
| | - Ross Arena
- University of Illinois at ChicagoIL
- Healthy Living for Pandemic Event Protection NetworkChicagoIL
| | | | - Chia‐Chia Chang
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health/Centers for Disease Control and PreventionWashingtonDC
| | - Lisa Latts
- Colorado Department of Health Care Policy and FinancingDenverCO
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Goff
- National Heart Lung and Blood InstituteBethesdaMD
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Education and Training to Build Capacity in Total Worker Health®: Proposed Competencies for an Emerging Field. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 62:e384-e391. [PMID: 32404840 PMCID: PMC7409771 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Establishment of core competencies for education and training of professionals entering the emerging field of Total Worker Health®. Methods: Compilation and distillation of information obtained over a 5-year period from Total Worker Health symposia, workshops, and academic offerings, plus contributions from key stakeholders regarding education and training needs. Results: A proposed set of Total Worker Health competencies aligns under six broad domains: Subject Matter Expertize; Advocacy and Engagement; Program Planning, Implementation and Evaluation; Communications and Dissemination; Leadership and Management; and Partnership Building and Coordination. Conclusions: Proposed set of core competencies will help standardize education and training for professionals being trained in Total Worker Health. It serves as an invitation for further input from stakeholders in academia, business, labor, and government.
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Tenney L, Dexter L, Shapiro DC, Dally M, Brown CE, Schwatka NV, Huebschmann AG, McMillen J, Newman LS. Impact of Advising on Total Worker Health Implementation. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:657-664. [PMID: 33950039 PMCID: PMC8729231 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is understood about the mechanisms for improving the adoption and implementation of Total Worker Health® (TWH) in workplace settings. The primary objective of this study was to identify whether the delivery of TWH advising is associated with subsequent changes in TWH in small-to-medium sized businesses. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal study of a TWH intervention in 200 organizations completing Health Links Healthy Workplace Assessments™ between October 2016 and December 2019. Organizations were offered consultation via telephonic and live web-based advising sessions. RESULTS Organizations exhibited non-significant albeit positive change in assessment scores from baseline to assessment 2. Businesses receiving advising showed significant score improvements from assessment 2 to 3, versus those without advising. CONCLUSIONS TWH consultation may enhance adoption of organizational behaviors that promote worker health, safety, and well-being over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Tenney
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., W-3111, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., 3 Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Lynn Dexter
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., W-3111, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - David C. Shapiro
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., W-3111, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Miranda Dally
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., W-3111, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., 3 Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Carol E. Brown
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., W-3111, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Natalie V. Schwatka
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., W-3111, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., 3 Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Amy G. Huebschmann
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Adult & Child Consortium for Outcomes Research and Delivery Science (ACCORDS) Dissemination and Implementation program, Division of General Internal Medicine and Center for Women’s Health Research, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12631 E. 17th Ave., Mailstop B180, Aurora, CO 80045
| | | | - Lee S. Newman
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., W-3111, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., 3 Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Pl., 3 Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045
- Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17 Place, Mailstop B119, Aurora, CO, 80045
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Pronk NP, McLellan DL, Dennerlein JT, Anderson P, Karapanos M, Nagler E, Schmidt D, Spoonheim J, Wallace LM, Sorensen G. Building Capacity for Integrated Occupational Safety, Health, and Well-Being Initiatives Using Guidelines for Total Worker Health® Approaches. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:411-421. [PMID: 33560069 PMCID: PMC10868657 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the process used to build capacity for wider dissemination of a Total Worker Health® (TWH) model using the infrastructure of a health and well-being vendor organization. METHODS A multiple-case study mixed-methods design was used to learn from a year-long investigation of the experiences by participating organizations. RESULTS Increased capacity for TWH solutions was observed as evidenced by the participation, plans of action, and experience ratings of the participating organizations. The planning process was feasible and acceptable, although the challenges of dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic only afforded two of the three worksites to deliver a comprehensive written action plan. CONCLUSIONS A suite of services including guidelines, trainings, and technical assistance is feasible to support planning, acceptable to the companies that participated, and supports employers in applying the TWH knowledge base into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaas P Pronk
- HealthPartners (Dr Pronk, Dr Anderson, Ms Schmidt, Mr Spoonheim); HealthPartners Institute (Dr Pronk); Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (Dr Pronk, Dr McLellan, Dr Dennerlein, Dr Nagler, Dr Sorensen); Northeastern University (Dr Dennerlein); University of Massachusetts (Ms Karapanos), Amherst, MA; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (Dr McLellan, Ms Wallace, Dr Sorensen), Boston, Massachusetts; and University of Minnesota (Dr Pronk), Minneapolis, Minnesota
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18
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Lemke MK. Is the Total Worker Health Program Missing Its Mark?: Integrating Complex Systems Approaches to Unify Vision and Epistemology. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:e304-e307. [PMID: 33928942 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Biswas A, Begum M, Van Eerd D, Smith PM, Gignac MAM. Organizational Perspectives on How to Successfully Integrate Health Promotion Activities into Occupational Health and Safety. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:270-284. [PMID: 33769396 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is increasing recognition of the value of integrating efforts to promote worker health with existing occupational health and safety activities. This paper aimed to identify facilitators, barriers and recommendations for implementing integrated worker health approaches. METHODS Thirteen stakeholders from different job sectors participated in a workshop that targeted key issues underlying integrated worker health approaches in their own and other organizations. Included were participants from human resources, occupational health and safety, government, and unions. Thematic analysis and an online ranking exercise identified recommendation priorities and contributed to a conceptual framework. RESULTS Participants highlighted the importance of planning phases in addition to implementation and evaluation. Themes highlighted organizational priorities, leadership buy-in, external pressures, training, program promotion and evaluation metrics. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide practical directions for integrating worker health promotion and safety and implementation steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviroop Biswas
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr Biswas, Begum, Van Eerd, Smith, Gignac); Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Biswas, Smith, Gignac); Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (Smith)
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Hanson GC, Rameshbabu A, Bodner TE, Hammer LB, Rohlman DS, Olson R, Wipfli B, Kuehl K, Perrin NA, Alley L, Schue A, Thompson SV, Parish M. A Comparison of Safety, Health, and Well-Being Risk Factors Across Five Occupational Samples. Front Public Health 2021; 9:614725. [PMID: 33614583 PMCID: PMC7892612 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.614725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to present safety, health and well-being profiles of workers within five occupations: call center work (N = 139), corrections (N = 85), construction (N = 348), homecare (N = 149), and parks and recreation (N = 178). Methods: Baseline data from the Data Repository of Oregon's Healthy Workforce Center were used. Measures were compared with clinical healthcare guidelines and national norms. Results: The prevalence of health and safety risks for adults was as follows: overweight (83.2%), high blood pressure (16.4%), injury causing lost work (9.9%), and reported pain (47.0%). Young workers were least likely to report adequate sleep (46.6%). Construction workers reported the highest rate of smoking (20.7%). All of the adult workers reported significantly lower general health than the general population. Conclusion: The number of workers experiencing poor safety, health and well-being outcomes suggest the need for improved working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginger C. Hanson
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Anjali Rameshbabu
- Oregon Healthy Workforce Center, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Todd E. Bodner
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Leslie B. Hammer
- Oregon Healthy Workforce Center, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Diane S. Rohlman
- Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Ryan Olson
- Oregon Healthy Workforce Center, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Brad Wipfli
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Kerry Kuehl
- School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Nancy A. Perrin
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lindsey Alley
- Oregon Healthy Workforce Center, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Allison Schue
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR, United States
| | - Sharon V. Thompson
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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21
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Sorensen G, Dennerlein JT, Peters SE, Sabbath EL, Kelly EL, Wagner GR. The future of research on work, safety, health and wellbeing: A guiding conceptual framework. Soc Sci Med 2021; 269:113593. [PMID: 33341740 PMCID: PMC10868656 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Work plays a central role in health. A conceptual model can help frame research priorities and questions to explore determinants of workers' safety, health, and wellbeing. A previous conceptual model focused on the workplace setting to emphasize the role of conditions of work in shaping workers' safety, health and wellbeing. These conditions of work include physical, organizational, and psychosocial factors. This manuscript presents and discusses an updated and expanded conceptual model, placing the workplace and the conditions of work within the broader context of socio-political-economic environments and consequent trends in employment and labor force patterns. Social, political and economic trends, such as growing reliance on technology, climate change, and globalization, have significant implications for workers' day-to-day experiences. These structural forces in turn shape employment and labor patterns, with implications for the availability and quality of jobs; the nature of relationships between employers and workers; and the benefits and protections available to workers. Understanding these patterns will be critical for anticipating the consequences of future changes in the conditions of work, and ultimately help inform decision-making around policies and practices intended to protect and promote worker safety, health, and wellbeing. This model provides a structure for anticipating research needs in response to the changing nature of work, including the formation of research priorities, the need for expanded research methods and measures, and attention to diverse populations of enterprises and workers. This approach anticipates changes in the way work is structured, managed, and experienced by workers and can effectively inform policies and practices needed to protect and promote worker safety, health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glorian Sorensen
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Jack T Dennerlein
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan E Peters
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erika L Sabbath
- Boston College School of Social Work, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Erin L Kelly
- MIT Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA, USA
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El Ghaziri M, Jaegers LA, Monteiro CE, Grubb PL, Cherniack MG. Progress in Corrections Worker Health: The National Corrections Collaborative Utilizing a Total Worker Health® Strategy. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 62:965-972. [PMID: 32868600 PMCID: PMC7864532 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine National Corrections Collaborative (NCC) activities, as an outreach initiative, to advance corrections workplace health and safety research, practice, and policy through a series of applied Research to Practice (r2p) meetings informed by the Total Worker Health(Total Worker Health is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services) (TWH) strategy. METHODS We mapped the coalescence of correctional worker health concerns, federal and national professional organization initiatives, and research activities that formed the NCC in 2014. RESULTS During the NCC's 5-years of TWH activities, attendance increased, partner composition expanded, and themes of concern evolved. Partners were motivated to participate and work together towards building evidence for health and safety r2p. CONCLUSIONS A unified plea to the academic and federal research communities for assistance with better evaluation instruments, data linkages, and for adopting an integrated TWH approach to workforce health and wellbeing continue to drive NCC r2p activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen El Ghaziri
- Solomont School of Nursing, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell (Dr El Ghaziri); Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University (Dr Jaegers); School of Social Work, Saint Louis University College for Public Health and Social Justice (Dr Jaegers), Saint Louis, Missouri; Sociology Department, Suffolk University, Boston (Dr Monteiro), Massachusetts; Division of Science Integration, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cincinnati, Ohio (Dr Grubb); Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut (Dr Cherniack)
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23
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Degree of Integration Between Occupational Safety and Health Programs and Wellness Programs: First-year Results From an Insurer-Sponsored Wellness Grant for Smaller Employers. J Occup Environ Med 2020; 61:704-717. [PMID: 31205207 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000001644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe levels of integration between occupational safety and health (OSH) and workplace wellness programs/practices/policies ("programs") among participants in an insurer-sponsored wellness grant program. METHODS We analyzed survey responses about year 1 of an insurer-sponsored grant to start a wellness program from 220 small- and medium-sized employers. Responses yielded 25 indicators of OSH-wellness integration, and 10 additional indicators to summarize multiple responses. RESULTS At least half of the employers (N = 220) reported some level of integration within five of seven categories of OSH-wellness integration. Employers sometimes considered ergonomics, safety, or substance exposure hazards while designing their wellness program (15%) or reduced such hazards to support their wellness program (24%). Few meaningful differences were observed by employer size. CONCLUSIONS Although high levels of integration were unusual, some degree of integration was common for most indicator categories.
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Felknor SA, Streit JMK, Chosewood LC, McDaniel M, Schulte PA, Delclos GL. How Will the Future of Work Shape the OSH Professional of the Future? A Workshop Summary. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197154. [PMID: 33007820 PMCID: PMC7579022 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and profound changes anticipated in the future of work will have significant implications for the education and training of occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals and the workforce. As the nature of the workplace, work, and the workforce change, the OSH field must expand its focus to include existing and new hazards (some yet unknown), consider how to protect the health and well-being of a diverse workforce, and understand and mitigate the safety implications of new work arrangements. Preparing for these changes is critical to developing proactive systems that can protect workers, prevent injury and illness, and promote worker well-being. An in-person workshop held on February 3–4, 2020 at The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) School of Public Health in Houston, Texas, USA, examined some of the challenges and opportunities OSH education will face in both academic and industry settings. The onslaught of the COVID-19 global pandemic reached the United States one month after this workshop and greatly accelerated the pace of change. This article summarizes presentations from national experts and thought leaders across the spectrum of OSH and professionals in the fields of strategic foresight, systems thinking, and industry, and provides recommendations for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Felknor
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jessica M. K. Streit
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA; (J.M.K.S.); (P.A.S.)
| | - L. Casey Chosewood
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA;
| | - Michelle McDaniel
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.M.); (G.L.D.)
| | - Paul A. Schulte
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA; (J.M.K.S.); (P.A.S.)
| | - George L. Delclos
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.M.); (G.L.D.)
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Jaegers LA, Ahmad SO, Scheetz G, Bixler E, Nadimpalli S, Barnidge E, Katz IM, Vaughn MG, Matthieu MM. Total Worker Health ® Needs Assessment to Identify Workplace Mental Health Interventions in Rural and Urban Jails. Am J Occup Ther 2020; 74:7403205020p1-7403205020p12. [PMID: 32365308 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2019.036400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Jail officers are an underserved population of public safety workers at high risk for developing chronic mental health conditions. OBJECTIVE In response to national calls for the examination of stressors related to the unique work contexts of correctional facilities, we implemented a pilot study informed by the Total Worker Health® (TWH) strategy at two urban and two rural jails. DESIGN Participatory teams guided areas of interest for a mixed-data needs assessment, including surveys with 320 jail officers to inform focus groups (N = 40). SETTING Urban and rural jails in the midwestern United States. PARTICIPANTS Jail correctional officers and sheriff's deputies employed at participating jails. MEASURES We measured mental health characteristics using the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Mental Health scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, and the two-item Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist. Constructs to identify workplace characteristics included emotional support, work-family conflict, dangerousness, health climate, organizational operations, effectiveness of training, quality of supervision, and organizational fairness. RESULTS On the basis of general population estimates, we found that jail officers were at higher risk for mental health disorders, including depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Jail officers identified workplace health interventions to address individual-, interpersonal-, institutional-, and community-level needs. CONCLUSION Implementation of a TWH needs assessment in urban and rural jails to identify evidence-informed, multilevel interventions was found to be feasible. Using this assessment, we identified specific workplace health protection and promotion solutions. WHAT THIS ARTICLE ADDS Results from this study support the profession's vision to influence policies, environments, and systems through collaborative work. This TWH study has implications for practice and research by addressing mental health needs among jail officers and by providing practical applications to create evidence-informed, tailored interventions to promote workplace health in rural and urban jails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Jaegers
- Lisa A. Jaegers, PhD, OTR/L, FAOTA, is Assistant Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Doisy College of Health Sciences, and School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO;
| | - Syed Omar Ahmad
- Syed Omar Ahmad, PhD, OTD, is Professor, Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Doisy College of Health Sciences, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Gregory Scheetz
- Gregory Scheetz, MSW, LCSW, is Clinical Social Worker, UCLA Health, Los Angeles. At the time of the study, he was Student, School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Emily Bixler
- Emily Bixler, MPH, CPH, ATC, is Research Associate, National Safety Council, Itasca, IL. At the time of the study, she was Student, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Department of Biosecurity, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Saketh Nadimpalli
- Saketh Nadimpalli, MPH, is Regulatory Affairs Manager, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL. At the time of the study, he was Student, Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ellen Barnidge
- Ellen Barnidge, PhD, MPH, is Associate Professor, Department of Behavioral Science and Health Education, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ian M Katz
- Ian M. Katz, MS, is Doctoral Student, Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael G Vaughn
- Michael G. Vaughn, PhD, is Professor, School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Monica M Matthieu
- Monica M. Matthieu, PhD, LCSW, is Associate Professor, School of Social Work, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO
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Golinko V, Cheberyachko S, Deryugin O, Tretyak O, Dusmatova O. Assessment of the Risks of Occupational Diseases of the Passenger Bus Drivers. Saf Health Work 2020; 11:543-549. [PMID: 33329922 PMCID: PMC7728822 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The working conditions of bus drivers are difficult; they lead to occupational diseases and require careful study, particularly in Ukraine. The objective of the article is the description of occupational health risks of passenger bus drivers that lead to deteriorating health. Methods The risk assessment was performed using a modified Risk Score method, which allowed determining the generalized level of danger to the driver's health. The hygienic hazards level was assessed as based on Stevenson's law, which was generalized later. Results Based on the modification of the Risk Score method, it was possible to depart from expert assessments method of the risk level and calculate the general indicator based on the degree of dependence of the impact on the human body on its intensity, proposed by V. Minko. This allows objective determining of the impact of hygiene hazards on the health of the driver and to predict the occurrence of occupational diseases associated with the cardiovascular system, musculoskeletal system, and partial or complete disability due to the accumulation of emotional fatigue. The hazard assessment was carried out for three brands of passenger buses common in Ukraine, in which the driver is exposed to the dangers of fever, vibration, noise, harmful impurities in the bus cabin, and emotional load. Conclusion The health of drivers in the cabins of passenger buses is most affected by hygiene hazards: fever, vibration, and emotional stress. The generalized level of risk is calculated by the modified method of Risk Score is 0.83; -0.99, -0.92 respectively.
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Schwatka NV, Dally M, Tenney L, Shore E, Brown CE, Newman LS. Total Worker Health Leadership and Business Strategies Are Related to Safety and Health Climates in Small Business. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E2142. [PMID: 32213806 PMCID: PMC7143812 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17062142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Total Worker Health® (TWH) business strategies and employee perceptions of leadership commitment and safety and health climates. Using data from 53 small enterprises and 1271 of their workers collected as part of the Small + Safe + Well (SSWell) Study, we confirm the primacy of the relationship between leadership commitment to safety and workplace safety climate. After accounting for leadership commitment to safety, business-reported policies and practices that promote the health, safety, and well-being of workers (i.e., TWH strategies) were no longer related to safety climate. In contrast, the relationship between TWH strategies and health climate were significantly associated with the level of small business leadership commitment to worksite wellness. Relatedly, our results demonstrate that leadership is a common correlate to both safety climate and health climate. Future research should investigate integrated TWH leadership development strategies as a means of simultaneously improving safety and health climates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie V. Schwatka
- Center for Health, Work & Environment and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.D.); (L.T.); (E.S.); (C.E.B.); (L.S.N.)
| | - Miranda Dally
- Center for Health, Work & Environment and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.D.); (L.T.); (E.S.); (C.E.B.); (L.S.N.)
| | - Liliana Tenney
- Center for Health, Work & Environment and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.D.); (L.T.); (E.S.); (C.E.B.); (L.S.N.)
| | - Erin Shore
- Center for Health, Work & Environment and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.D.); (L.T.); (E.S.); (C.E.B.); (L.S.N.)
| | - Carol E. Brown
- Center for Health, Work & Environment and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.D.); (L.T.); (E.S.); (C.E.B.); (L.S.N.)
| | - Lee S. Newman
- Center for Health, Work & Environment and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (M.D.); (L.T.); (E.S.); (C.E.B.); (L.S.N.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 13001 E. 17th Pl., 3rd Floor, Mail Stop B119 HSC, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Goetzel RZ, Berko J, McCleary K, Roemer EC, Stathakos K, Flynn PR, Moscola J, Nevola G. Framework for Evaluating Workplace Health Promotion in a Health Care Delivery Setting. Popul Health Manag 2019; 22:480-487. [DOI: 10.1089/pop.2018.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Z. Goetzel
- Institute for Health and Productivity Studies, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
- IBM Watson Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeff Berko
- Institute for Health and Productivity Studies, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Katherine McCleary
- Institute for Health and Productivity Studies, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Enid Chung Roemer
- Institute for Health and Productivity Studies, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
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Smith TJ, Henning RA. The Nature of the Firm – A social cybernetic analysis. Work 2019; 64:641-650. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-193000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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El Ghaziri M, Dugan AG, Zhang Y, Gore R, Castro ME. Sex and Gender Role Differences in Occupational Exposures and Work Outcomes Among Registered Nurses in Correctional Settings. Ann Work Expo Health 2019; 63:568-582. [DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxz018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mazen El Ghaziri
- Solomont School of Nursing, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Alicia G Dugan
- Department of Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, CT, USA
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Solomont School of Nursing, Zuckerberg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca Gore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Francis College of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA
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31
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Hoge A, Ehmann AT, Rieger MA, Siegel A. Caring for Workers' Health: Do German Employers Follow a Comprehensive Approach Similar to the Total Worker Health Concept? Results of a Survey in an Economically Powerful Region in Germany. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050726. [PMID: 30823428 PMCID: PMC6427417 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Similar to ‘Total Worker Health’ in the United States (USA), ‘Workplace Health Management’ in Germany is a holistic strategy to protect, promote, and manage employees’ health at the workplace. It consists of four subcategories. While the subcategories ‘occupational health and safety’ and ‘reintegration management’ contain measures prescribed by law, ‘workplace health promotion’ and ‘personnel development’ can be designed more individually by the companies. The present study focused on the current implementation of voluntary and legally required measures of the four subcategories, as well as companies’ satisfaction with the implementation. A total of N = 222/906 companies (small, medium, and big enterprises of one German county) answered a standardized questionnaire addressing the implementation of health-related measures, satisfaction with the implementation, and several company characteristics. In the subcategory ‘occupational health and safety’, 23.9% of the companies fulfilled all of the legally required measures, whereas in the category ‘reintegration management’, that rate amounted to 50.9%. There was a positive correlation between company size and the implementation grade, and as well between company size and the fulfilling of measures required by law. Companies tended to be more satisfied with higher implementation grades. Nevertheless, a surprisingly high proportion of the companies with poor implementation indicated satisfaction with the measures’ implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aileen Hoge
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Anna T Ehmann
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Monika A Rieger
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Achim Siegel
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Health Services Research, University Hospital Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 27, 72074 Tübingen, Germany.
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Strickland JR, Kinghorn AM, Evanoff BA, Dale AM. Implementation of the Healthy Workplace Participatory Program in a Retail Setting: A Feasibility Study and Framework for Evaluation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E590. [PMID: 30781669 PMCID: PMC6406806 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Participatory methods used in Total Worker Health® programs have not been well studied, and little is known about what is needed to successfully implement these programs. We conducted a participatory health promotion program with grocery store workers using the Healthy Workplace Participatory Program (HWPP) from the Center for the Promotion of Health in the New England Workplace. We recruited a design team made up of six line-level workers and a steering committee with management and union representatives; a research team member facilitated the program. Using a formal evaluation framework, we measured program implementation including workplace context, fidelity to HWPP materials, design team and steering committee engagement, program outputs, and perceptions of the program. The HWPP was moderately successful in this setting, but required a substantial amount of worker and facilitator time. Design team members did not have the skills needed to move through the process and the steering committee did not offer adequate support to compensate for the team's shortfall. The evaluation framework provided a simple and practical method for identifying barriers to program delivery. Future studies should address these barriers to delivery and explore translation of this program to other settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime R Strickland
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Anna M Kinghorn
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Bradley A Evanoff
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Ann Marie Dale
- Division of General Medical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Total Worker Health® 2014⁻2018: The Novel Approach to Worker Safety, Health, and Well-Being Evolves. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16030321. [PMID: 30682773 PMCID: PMC6388217 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16030321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: The objective of this article is to provide an overview of and update on the Office for Total Worker Health® (TWH) program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (CDC/NIOSH). Methods: This article describes the evolution of the TWH program from 2014 to 2018 and future steps and directions. Results: The TWH framework is defined as policies, programs, and practices that integrate protection from work-related safety and health hazards with promotion of injury and illness prevention efforts to advance worker well-being. Conclusions: The CDC/NIOSH TWH program continues to evolve in order to respond to demands for research, practice, policy, and capacity building information and solutions to the safety, health, and well-being challenges that workers and their employers face.
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Lee J, Henning R, Cherniack M. Correction Workers' Burnout and Outcomes: A Bayesian Network Approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16020282. [PMID: 30669527 PMCID: PMC6352158 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study seeks to demonstrate how Bayesian Network analysis can be used to support Total Worker Health® research on correction workers by (1) revealing the most probable scenario of how psychosocial and behavioral outcome variables in corrections work are interrelated and (2) identifying the key contributing factors of this interdependency relationship within the unique occupational context of corrections work. The data from 353 correction workers from a state department of corrections in the United States were utilized. A Bayesian Network analysis approach was used to probabilistically sort out potential interrelations among various psychosocial and behavioral variables. The identified model revealed that work-related exhaustion may serve as a primary driver of occupational stress and impaired workability, and also that exhaustion limits the ability of correction workers to get regular physical exercise, while their interrelations with depressed mood, a lack of work engagement, and poor work-family balance were also noted. The results suggest the importance of joint consideration of psychosocial and behavioral factors when investigating variables that may impact health and wellbeing of correction workers. Also, they supported the value of adopting the Total Worker Health® framework, a holistic strategy to integrate prevention of work-related injury and illness and the facilitation of worker well-being, when considering integrated health protection and promotion interventions for workers in high-risk occupations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Lee
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Robert Henning
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
| | - Martin Cherniack
- Department of Medicine, UConn Health, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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Alterman T, Tsai R, Ju J, Kelly KM. Trust in the Work Environment and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: Findings from the Gallup-Sharecare Well-Being Index. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16020230. [PMID: 30650574 PMCID: PMC6352238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16020230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study examined associations between trust, an important aspect of workplace social capital, with seven cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors (American Heart Association Life’s Simple 7 (LS7)): smoking, obesity, low physical activity, poor diet, diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. Data are from the U.S. Gallup-Sharecare Well-Being Index (2010–2012), a nationally representative telephone survey of U.S. workers (n = 412,884). The independent variable was the response to a work environment (WE) question as to whether their supervisor always creates an open and trusting environment. Regression models were adjusted for demographic characteristics with each of the LS7 CVD risk factors as dependent variables. Twenty-one percent of workers reported that their supervisor did not create an open and trusting environment. Trust was associated with increased adjusted odds of having many of the LS7 CVD risk factors. Among those workers whose supervisor created a mistrustful environment, the odds ratios were greatest (>20%) for having four or more of the LS7 CVD risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Alterman
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC, (MS-R17), 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | - Rebecca Tsai
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC, (MS-R17), 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | - Jun Ju
- Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC, (MS-R17), 1090 Tusculum Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | - Kevin M Kelly
- UI Healthier Workforce Center, The University of Iowa, UI Research Park, IREH #106, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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