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Singh D. Revolutionizing Lung Cancer Treatment: Innovative CRISPR-Cas9 Delivery Strategies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:129. [PMID: 38844700 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02834-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung carcinoma, including both non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), remains a significant global health challenge due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. The objsective of this review is to meticulously examine the current advancements and strategies in the delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology for the treatment of lung carcinoma. This technology heralds a new era in molecular biology, offering unprecedented precision in genomic modifications. However, its therapeutic potential is contingent upon the development of effective delivery mechanisms that ensure the efficient and specific transport of gene-editing tools to tumor cells. We explore a variety of delivery approaches, such as viral vectors, lipid-based nanoparticles, and physical methods, highlighting their respective advantages, limitations, and recent breakthroughs. This review also delves into the translational and clinical significance of these strategies, discussing preclinical and clinical studies that investigate the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of CRISPR-Cas9 delivery for lung carcinoma. By scrutinizing the landscape of ongoing clinical trials and offering translational perspectives, we aim to elucidate the current state and future directions of this rapidly evolving field. The review is structured to first introduce the problem and significance of lung carcinoma, followed by an overview of CRISPR-Cas9 technology, a detailed examination of delivery strategies, and an analysis of clinical applications and regulatory considerations. Our discussion concludes with future perspectives and challenges, such as optimizing delivery strategies, enhancing specificity, mitigating immunogenicity concerns, and addressing regulatory issues. This comprehensive overview seeks to provide insights into the potential of CRISPR-Cas9 as a revolutionary approach for targeted therapies and personalized medicine in lung carcinoma, emphasizing the importance of delivery strategy development in realizing the full potential of this groundbreaking technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilpreet Singh
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, India.
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, India.
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2
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Miyashita Y, Hirotsu Y, Nagakubo Y, Kobayashi H, Kawaguchi M, Hata K, Saito R, Kakizaki Y, Tsutsui T, Oyama T, Omata M. Brief Report: Tepotinib as a Treatment Option in MET Exon 14 Skipping-Positive Lung Cancers-Investigating Discordance Between ArcherMET and the Oncomine Dx Target Test. JTO Clin Res Rep 2024; 5:100679. [PMID: 38841537 PMCID: PMC11150947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtocrr.2024.100679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction NSCLC is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Specific genetic alterations, such as MET exon 14 (METex14) skipping, have been identified in NSCLC, allowing targeted therapy. Tepotinib, a highly selective MET inhibitor, has displayed promise in patients with advanced NSCLC. Nevertheless, challenges arise when identifying treatment strategies for patients with discordant results regarding METex14 skipping detection between diagnostic tests. Methods We investigated patients with NSCLC and discordant results for METex14 skipping between the Oncomine Dx Target Test (ODxTT) and ArcherMET. Clinical response, adverse events, and the duration of tepotinib treatment were assessed, and statistical analysis was performed. Results Among the 19 patients deemed METex14 skipping positive by ODxTT, only 10 had concordant results with ArcherMET. The number of METex14 skipping reads detected by ODxTT was significantly lower in discordant cases. Of the 19 patients, 14 received tepotinib, and comparable response and disease control rates were observed in both concordant and discordant cases. The duration of treatment did not significantly differ between the two groups. Conclusions Our findings suggest that tepotinib has comparable therapeutic effects in patients with METex14 skipping-positive NSCLC irrespective of the concordance of results between ODxTT and ArcherMET. Tepotinib is a possible treatment option for patients with METex14 skipping, even in patients with discordant test results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Miyashita
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagakubo
- Division of Genetics and Clinical Laboratory, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kobayashi
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Makoto Kawaguchi
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Koki Hata
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Ryota Saito
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kakizaki
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Tsutsui
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toshio Oyama
- Pathology Division, Laboratory Department, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masao Omata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
- The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Nagakubo Y, Hirotsu Y, Yoshino M, Amemiya K, Saito R, Kakizaki Y, Tsutsui T, Miyashita Y, Goto T, Omata M. Comparison of diagnostic performance between Oncomine Dx target test and AmoyDx panel for detecting actionable mutations in lung cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12480. [PMID: 38816489 PMCID: PMC11139982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62857-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Companion diagnostic (CDx) tests play important roles in identifying oncogenic driver genes and tailoring effective molecularly targeted therapies for lung cancer patients. In Japan, the Oncomine Dx target test (ODxTT) and the AmoyDx pan lung cancer PCR panel (AmoyDx) are prominent CDx tests and only one of these tests is covered by the domestic insurance system. However, these CDx tests cover different target regions and apply different technologies (ODxTT is amplicon-based next-generation sequencing and AmoyDx is multiplex PCR-based assay), which may lead to missing of actionable mutations affecting patient prognosis. Here, we performed a direct comparison analysis of 1059 genetic alterations of eight driver genes from 131 samples and evaluated the concordance between two CDx tests for detecting actionable variants and fusions. When excluding the eight uncovered variants (ODxTT: two variants, AmoyDx: six variants), the overall percent agreement was 97.6% (1026/1051) with 89.0% of overall positive percent agreement (89/100) and 98.5% of overall negative percent agreement (937/951). Of the 25 discordant genetic alterations, two were undetected despite being covered in the AmoyDx (one EGFR variant and one ROS1 fusion). Furthermore, there were potential false positives in the ODxTT (nine MET exon 14 skippings) and in the AmoyDx (five variants, six ROS1 and three RET fusions). These potential false positives in the AmoyDx likely due to non-specific amplification, which was validated by the unique molecular barcoding sequencing. The ODxTT missed two uncovered EGFR rare variants, which was visually confirmed in the raw sequencing data. Our study provides insights into real-world performance of CDx tests for lung cancer and ensures reliability to advance precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nagakubo
- Division of Genetics and Clinical Laboratory, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8506, Japan.
| | - Mona Yoshino
- Division of Genetics and Clinical Laboratory, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kenji Amemiya
- Division of Genetics and Clinical Laboratory, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Ryota Saito
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kakizaki
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Tsutsui
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyashita
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Taichiro Goto
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masao Omata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
- The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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4
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Kajiwara N, Kakihana M, Maeda J, Kaneko M, Ota S, Enomoto A, Ikeda N, Sugimoto M. Salivary metabolomic biomarkers for non-invasive lung cancer detection. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1695-1705. [PMID: 38417449 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Identifying novel biomarkers for early detection of lung cancer is crucial. Non-invasively available saliva is an ideal biofluid for biomarker exploration; however, the rationale underlying biomarker detection from organs distal to the oral cavity in saliva requires clarification. Therefore, we analyzed metabolomic profiles of cancer tissues compared with those of adjacent non-cancerous tissues, as well as plasma and saliva samples collected from patients with lung cancer (n = 109 pairs). Additionally, we analyzed plasma and saliva samples collected from control participants (n = 83 and 71, respectively). Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were performed to comprehensively quantify hydrophilic metabolites. Paired tissues were compared, revealing 53 significantly different metabolites. Plasma and saliva showed 44 and 40 significantly different metabolites, respectively, between patients and controls. Of these, 12 metabolites exhibited significant differences in all three comparisons and primarily belonged to the polyamine and amino acid pathways; N1-acetylspermidine exhibited the highest discrimination ability. A combination of 12 salivary metabolites was evaluated using a machine learning method to differentiate patients with lung cancer from controls. Salivary data were randomly split into training and validation datasets. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.744 for cross-validation using training data and 0.792 for validation data. This model exhibited a higher discrimination ability for N1-acetylspermidine than that for other metabolites. The probability of lung cancer calculated using this model was independent of most patient characteristics. These results suggest that consistently different salivary biomarkers in both plasma and lung tissues might facilitate non-invasive lung cancer screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Kajiwara
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hachioji Medical Center of Tokyo Medical College Hospital, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Junichi Maeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Mitsui Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miku Kaneko
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Sana Ota
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ayame Enomoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Norihiko Ikeda
- Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sugimoto
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan
- Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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De Rubis G, Paudel KR, Corrie L, Mehndiratta S, Patel VK, Kumbhar PS, Manjappa AS, Disouza J, Patravale V, Gupta G, Manandhar B, Rajput R, Robinson AK, Reyes RJ, Chakraborty A, Chellappan DK, Singh SK, Oliver BGG, Hansbro PM, Dua K. Applications and advancements of nanoparticle-based drug delivery in alleviating lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2793-2833. [PMID: 37991539 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02830-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Cigarette smoking is among the main aetiologic factors for both ailments. These diseases share common pathogenetic mechanisms including inflammation, oxidative stress, and tissue remodelling. Current therapeutic approaches are limited by low efficacy and adverse effects. Consequentially, LC has a 5-year survival of < 20%, while COPD is incurable, underlining the necessity for innovative treatment strategies. Two promising emerging classes of therapy against these diseases include plant-derived molecules (phytoceuticals) and nucleic acid-based therapies. The clinical application of both is limited by issues including poor solubility, poor permeability, and, in the case of nucleic acids, susceptibility to enzymatic degradation, large size, and electrostatic charge density. Nanoparticle-based advanced drug delivery systems are currently being explored as flexible systems allowing to overcome these limitations. In this review, an updated summary of the most recent studies using nanoparticle-based advanced drug delivery systems to improve the delivery of nucleic acids and phytoceuticals for the treatment of LC and COPD is provided. This review highlights the enormous relevance of these delivery systems as tools that are set to facilitate the clinical application of novel categories of therapeutics with poor pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele De Rubis
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Keshav Raj Paudel
- Centre of Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Leander Corrie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Samir Mehndiratta
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Vyoma K Patel
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Popat S Kumbhar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
| | - Arehalli Sidramappa Manjappa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Vasantidevi Patil Institute of Pharmacy, Kodoli, Kolkapur, Maharashtra, 416114, India
| | - John Disouza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga, Mumbai, 400019, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India, Chennai, India
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, 302017, India
| | - Bikash Manandhar
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Rashi Rajput
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Alexandra Kailie Robinson
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Ruby-Jean Reyes
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Amlan Chakraborty
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine (DIIIRM), School of Biological Sciences I Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Brian Gregory George Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip Michael Hansbro
- Centre of Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Faculty of Science, School of Life Sciences, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.
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Ogimoto T, Ozasa H, Tsuji T, Funazo T, Yamazoe M, Hashimoto K, Yoshida H, Hosoya K, Ajimizu H, Nomizo T, Yoshida H, Hamaji M, Menju T, Yoshizawa A, Date H, Hirai T. Combination Therapy with EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and TEAD Inhibitor Increases Tumor Suppression Effects in EGFR Mutation-positive Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:564-576. [PMID: 38052760 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are the first-line therapies for EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer. EGFR-TKIs have favorable therapeutic effects. However, a large proportion of patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer subsequently relapse. Some cancer cells survive the initial treatment with EGFR-TKIs, and this initial survival may be associated with subsequent recurrence. Therefore, we aimed to overcome the initial survival against EGFR-TKIs. We hypothesized that yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) is involved in the initial survival against EGFR-TKIs, and we confirmed the combined effect of EGFR-TKIs and a YAP1-TEAD pathway inhibitor. The KTOR27 (EGFR kinase domain duplication) lung cancer cell lines established from a patient with EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer and commercially available PC-9 and HCC827 (EGFR exon 19 deletions) lung cancer cell lines were used. These cells were used to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo effects of VT104, a TEAD inhibitor. In addition, YAP1 involvement was investigated in pathologic specimens. YAP1 was activated by short-term EGFR-TKI treatment in EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer cells. In addition, inhibiting YAP1 function using siRNA increased the sensitivity to EGFR-TKIs. Combination therapy with VT104 and EGFR-TKIs showed better tumor-suppressive effects than EGFR-TKIs alone, in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the combined effect of VT104 and EGFR-TKIs was observed regardless of the localization status of YAP1 before EGFR-TKI exposure. These results suggest that combination therapy with the TEAD inhibitor and EGFR-TKIs may improve the prognosis of patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ogimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ozasa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Tsuji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomoko Funazo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yamazoe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Hosoya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitomi Ajimizu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Nomizo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hironori Yoshida
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masatsugu Hamaji
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toshi Menju
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshizawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Hirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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7
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Shelton J, Zotow E, Smith L, Johnson SA, Thomson CS, Ahmad A, Murdock L, Nagarwalla D, Forman D. 25 year trends in cancer incidence and mortality among adults aged 35-69 years in the UK, 1993-2018: retrospective secondary analysis. BMJ 2024; 384:e076962. [PMID: 38479774 PMCID: PMC10935512 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2023-076962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine and interpret trends in UK cancer incidence and mortality for all cancers combined and for the most common cancer sites in adults aged 35-69 years. DESIGN Retrospective secondary data analysis. DATA SOURCES Cancer registration data, cancer mortality and national population data from the Office for National Statistics, Public Health Wales, Public Health Scotland, Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, NHS England, and the General Register Office for Northern Ireland. SETTING 23 cancer sites were included in the analysis in the UK. PARTICIPANTS Men and women aged 35-69 years diagnosed with or who died from cancer between 1993 to 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Change in cancer incidence and mortality age standardised rates over time. RESULTS The number of cancer cases in this age range rose by 57% for men (from 55 014 cases registered in 1993 to 86 297 in 2018) and by 48% for women (60 187 to 88 970) with age standardised rates showing average annual increases of 0.8% in both sexes. The increase in incidence was predominantly driven by increases in prostate (male) and breast (female) cancers. Without these two sites, all cancer trends in age standardised incidence rates were relatively stable. Trends for a small number of less common cancers showed concerning increases in incidence rates, for example, in melanoma skin, liver, oral, and kidney cancers. The number of cancer deaths decreased over the 25 year period, by 20% in men (from 32 878 to 26 322) and 17% in women (28 516 to 23 719); age standardised mortality rates reduced for all cancers combined by 37% in men (-2.0% per year) and 33% in women (-1.6% per year). The largest decreases in mortality were noted for stomach, mesothelioma, and bladder cancers in men and stomach and cervical cancers and non-Hodgkin lymphoma in women. Most incidence and mortality changes were statistically significant even when the size of change was relatively small. CONCLUSIONS Cancer mortality had a substantial reduction during the past 25 years in both men and women aged 35-69 years. This decline is likely a reflection of the successes in cancer prevention (eg, smoking prevention policies and cessation programmes), earlier detection (eg, screening programmes) and improved diagnostic tests, and more effective treatment. By contrast, increased prevalence of non-smoking risk factors are the likely cause of the observed increased incidence for a small number of specific cancers. This analysis also provides a benchmark for the following decade, which will include the impact of covid-19 on cancer incidence and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ewa Zotow
- University College London, London, UK
| | - Lesley Smith
- Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - David Forman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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8
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Baston C, Parosanu AI, Mihai M, Moldoveanu O, Stanciu IM, Nitipir C. Tumor-to-Tumor Metastasis of Lung Cancer to Kidney Cancer: A Review of the Literature and Our Experience. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:553. [PMID: 38473025 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-to-tumor metastasis (TTM) is a rare phenomenon documented in patients with multiple primary cancers. This condition is defined as a metastasis between two true primary tumors. The most frequently reported recipient tumor is renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and the lung carcinomas are the most common metastatic tumor donors. Therefore, this paper attempts to address the current gap in knowledge about this rare phenomenon. The first part of this review outlines the recently proposed models and mechanisms involved in the TTM process. The second part then summarizes and analyzes previous case reports in the literature. We also present our experience with the case of lung cancer that metastasized into RCC. Given the sporadic incidence of TTM, no specific management guidelines exist. Therefore, considering TTM in patients with multiple primary tumors is important as it could potentially modify the oncological management offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalin Baston
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Sanitary Heroes Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andreea Ioana Parosanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Sanitary Heroes Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Mihai
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana Moldoveanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Sanitary Heroes Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana Miruna Stanciu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Sanitary Heroes Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cornelia Nitipir
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Sanitary Heroes Boulevard, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
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9
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AlRabeeah SM, Alzahrani EM, Aldhahir AM, Siraj RA, Alqarni AA, AlDraiwiesh IA, Alqahtani AS, Almqati BS, Alharbi TG, Almuntashiri AA, Alghamdi SM, Aljohani FE, Almulhim MA, Alshehri AF, Naser AY, Alwafi H, Alobaidi NY, Hjazi AM, Alsulaimani MA, Oyelade T, Alahmari M, Alanazi TM, Almeshari MA, Alqahtani JS. A population-based study of 15,000 people on Knowledge and awareness of lung cancer symptoms and risk factors in Saudi Arabia. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1295847. [PMID: 38450193 PMCID: PMC10916300 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1295847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is currently the most fatal form of cancer worldwide, ranking as the fourth most prevalent type in Saudi Arabia, particularly among males. This trend is expected to increase with growing population, lifestyle changes, and aging population. Understanding the awareness of the Saudi population regarding the risk factors and symptoms of lung cancer is necessary to attenuate the predicted increase in cases. Method A cross-sectional, population-based survey was performed using a previously validated questionnaire (Lung CAM). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to assess variables associated with deficiency in knowledge and awareness of risk factors and symptoms of lung cancer. Results Majority of the 15,099 respondents were male (65%), aged between 18 and 30 years (53%), 50% of which were educated up to a bachelor's degree level. Overall awareness of lung cancer signs and symptoms was 53%, with painful cough and coughing up blood being the best-known symptoms. Conversely, persistent shoulder pain (44%) and clubbing fingers (47%) were the least known lung cancer symptoms. Also, 60% of the respondents showed low confidence in identifying the signs and symptoms of lung cancer. The overall awareness of the risk factors for lung cancer development was 74%, with first-hand (74%) and second-hand (68%) smoking being the most known risk factors. However, only ≤ 62% know the other non-smoking risk factors. Awareness of the risk factors and symptoms of lung cancer depended on age, gender, education, marital and employment status (p < 0.001). Conclusion Public awareness of the risk factors and symptoms of lung cancer in Saudi Arabia is inadequate and heavily dependent on education and socio-economic status. Awareness can be improved through campaigns to raise awareness about other lesser-known lung cancer risk factors and symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad M. AlRabeeah
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eidan M. Alzahrani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulelah M. Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rayan A. Siraj
- Respiratory Therapy Department, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A. Alqarni
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim A. AlDraiwiesh
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badr S. Almqati
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki G. Alharbi
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Saeed M. Alghamdi
- Respiratory Care Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad E. Aljohani
- Pediatric Department, Khobar Governmental Hospital, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali F. Alshehri
- Preventive Medicine Department, Khobar Primary Health Care Centers, Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah Y. Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hassan Alwafi
- Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nowaf Y. Alobaidi
- Respiratory Therapy Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M. Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mujahid A. Alsulaimani
- Basic Medical Unit, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tope Oyelade
- University College London (UCL) Division of Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mushabbab Alahmari
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki M. Alanazi
- Respiratory Therapy Department, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Alahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Almeshari
- Rehabilitation Health Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Jaber S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Chen S, Zhang K, Zou J, Yu Z, Gai C, Chai X, Zhao Q, Zou Y. Further structural optimization and SAR study of sungsanpin derivatives as cell-invasion inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2024; 99:129627. [PMID: 38272189 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Metastasis is one of the major causes of death in patients with cancer, and cell invasion plays a fundamental part in this process. Because of the absence of efficacious treatments, caring for these patients is challenging. Recently, we optimized the structure of the naturally occurring lasso peptide sungsanpin. We identified two peptides, octapeptide S3 and cyclic peptide S4, which inhibited invasion into A549 cells effectively. We undertook an alanine scan of S3 to explore the structure-activity relationship. The linear octapeptide S3-4 and cyclic peptide S4-1 exhibited improved inhibition of invasion into A549 cells. We modified S3-4 to obtain S3-4K, which displayed much higher inhibitory activity against invasion into A549 cells than S3-4. Of all peptides tested, S4-1 upregulated significantly mRNA of tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase TIMP-1 and TIMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Kai Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jihua Zou
- Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350122, PR China
| | - Zhou Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Conghao Gai
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Chai
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Qingjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Yan Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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11
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Nazeam JA, El-Emam SZ. Middle Eastern Plants with Potent Cytotoxic Effect Against Lung Cancer Cells. J Med Food 2024; 27:198-207. [PMID: 38381516 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of increasing global mortality with uprising health concerns and threats. Unfortunately, conventional chemotherapy has substantial side effects, limiting its relevance and prompting a quest for safe and efficient alternatives. For thousands of years, plants have provided a rich reservoir for curing a variety of ailments, including cancer. According to the World Health Organization, medicinal plants would be the best source of medications. However, only 25% of drugs in the present pharmacopoeia are derived from plants. Hence, further research into different plants is required to better understand their efficacy. Twenty extracts of widely distributed Middle Eastern plants were screened for the cytotoxic effect against lung cancer cell lines (A549). Eleven plants showed IC50 below 25 μg/mL, consequently, the bioactive extracts were further fractionated by graded precipitation using absolute ethanol. All fraction A (FA; crude polysaccharides precipitate) showed potent IC50, 0.2-5.5 μg/mL except the FA of Brassica juncea, Silybum marianum, and Phaseolus vulgaris, whereas FB fractions (filtrate) of Anastatica hierochuntica, Plantago ovate, Tussilago farfara, and Cucurbita moschata had lower efficacy than other fractions with IC50 values in the range of 0.1-7.7 μg/mL. The fractions of FA Taraxacum officinale and FB Ziziphus spina possess the most potent cytotoxic activity with IC50, 0.2 and 0.1 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, cell cycle analysis of both fractions revealed an arrest at G1/S-phase and activation of apoptosis rather than necrosis as the mode of cell death. Therefore, T. officinale and Z. spina fractions may pave the way to manage lung carcinoma as an alternative and complementary food regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilan A Nazeam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Soad Z El-Emam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt
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12
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Hirotsu Y, Nakagomi T, Nagakubo Y, Goto T, Omata M. Simulation analysis of EGFR mutation detection: Oncomine Dx target test and AmoyDx panel impact on lung cancer treatment decisions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1594. [PMID: 38238401 PMCID: PMC10796947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) driver mutations are crucial for treatment decisions for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to assess the differences in EGFR mutation detection between two companion diagnostic (CDx) tests-the Oncomine Dx Target Test (ODxTT) and the AmoyDx Pan Lung Cancer PCR Panel-and their impact on treatment applicability. To this end, we used an in-house targeted sequencing dataset of 282 samples from 127 EGFR-mutated NSCLC patients to simulate the concordance between the EGFR variants targeted by the ODxTT and AmoyDx panel, the oncogenicity of the variants, and their therapeutic potential. Of the 216 EGFR mutations identified by the in-house panel, 51% were detectable by both CDx tests, 3% were specific to ODxTT, and 46% were not targeted by either test. Most non-targeted mutations did not have oncogenicity and were located outside exons 18-21. Notably, 95% of the mutations detectable by both tests had potential oncogenicity. Furthermore, among the 96 patients harboring actionable EGFR mutations, 97% had mutations detectable by both CDx tests and 1% by ODxTT, while 2% had mutations not covered by either test. These findings suggest that while both CDx tests are effective in detecting almost all actionable EGFR mutations, ODxTT provides slightly broader coverage. These results emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate CDx tests to inform treatment decisions for EGFR-positive NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Hirotsu
- Genome Analysis Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8506, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Nakagomi
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Nagakubo
- Division of Genetics and Clinical Laboratory, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Taichiro Goto
- Lung Cancer and Respiratory Disease Center, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Masao Omata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yamanashi Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Fujimi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan
- The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Umar H, Wahab HA, Attiq A, Amjad MW, Bukhari SNA, Ahmad W. Platinum-based targeted chemotherapies and reversal of cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Mutat Res 2024; 828:111856. [PMID: 38520879 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2024.111856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the one of the most prevalent cancer in the world. It kills more people from cancer than any other cause and is especially common in underdeveloped nations. With 1.2 million instances, it is also the most prevalent cancer in men worldwide, making about 16.7% of the total cancer burden. Surgery is the main form of curative treatment for early-stage lung cancer. However, the majority of patients had incurable advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) recurrence after curative purpose surgery, which is indicative of the aggressiveness of the illness and the dismal outlook. The gold standard of treatment for NSCLC patients includes drug targeting of specific mutated genes drive in development of lung cancer. Furthermore, patients with advanced NSCLC and those with early-stage illness needing adjuvant therapy should use cisplatin as it is the more active platinum drug. So, this review encompasses the non-small cell lung cancer microenvironment, treatment approaches, and use of cisplatin as a first-line regimen for NSCLC, its mechanism of action, cisplatin resistance in NSCLC and also the prevention strategies to revert the drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassaan Umar
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Habibah A Wahab
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia.
| | - Ali Attiq
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Wahab Amjad
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood and, Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Syed Nasir Abbas Bukhari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Pulau Pinang 11800, Malaysia.
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14
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Ruan GT, Wei YP, Ge YZ, Liu LS, Zhou ZY, Siddiqi SM, He QQ, Li SQ, Xu JF, Song Y, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Yang M, Chen P, Sun Y, Wang XB, Wang BY, Shi HP. Poor sleep quality association with higher lung cancer risk: a nested case-control study. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16540. [PMID: 38111660 PMCID: PMC10726752 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known about the relationship between sleep quality and lung cancer incidence. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the potential connection between sleep quality and lung cancer incidence. Methods We performed and selected a nested case-control study that included 150 lung cancer cases and 150 matched controls based on the Lianyungang cohort. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was utilized to investigate the connection between potential risk factors and lung cancer incidence risk. Results In this study, the average age of participants was 66.5 ± 9.1 years, with 58.7% being male, and 52.7% reportedly experiencing sleep quality problems. The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that poor sleep quality was connected to an increased lung cancer incidence risk (P = 0.033, odds ratio = 1.83, 95% confidence interval = [1.05-3.19]) compared with those with good sleep quality. The stratified analyses showed a significantly positive connection between poor sleep quality (vs. good sleep quality) and cancer risk in smokers (vs. non-smoker, P for interaction = 0.085). The combined effect analysis indicated that smokers with poor sleep quality suffered from a 2.79-fold increase in cancer incidence rates when compared with non-smokers with good sleep quality. Conclusions Poor sleep quality was positively connected to an increased lung cancer incidence risk. In addition, among those individuals with poor sleep quality, smoking increased the lung cancer incidence risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Tian Ruan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Ping Wei
- College of Public Health, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Zhong Ge
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Shun Liu
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zi-Yi Zhou
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Qiang-Qiang He
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shu-Qun Li
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia-Feng Xu
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Song
- AUSA Research Institute, Shenzhen AUSA Pharmed Co Ltd, Shenzhen, China
- Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Inspection and Testing Center, Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Shenzhen, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Sun
- The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang City, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Bin-Yan Wang
- Shenzhen Evergreen Medical Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Han-Ping Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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15
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Paul B, Jean Simon D, Kondo Tokpovi VC, Kiragu A, Balthazard-Accou K, Emmanuel E. Tobacco use in Haiti: findings from demographic and health survey. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2504. [PMID: 38097954 PMCID: PMC10720190 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although tobacco has harmful effects on the physical and mental health of individuals, its use remains significant, according to the World Health Organization. To understand this phenomenon, studies have been carried out in many countries around the world, while in Haiti where more than 5,000 people die each year due to tobacco use, little is known about the use of this substance. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and the factors associated with tobacco use in Haiti. METHODS We used data from the 2016/17 Haitian Demographic Health Survey. Both descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted using STATA 16.0 software to assess the prevalence and identify factors associated with tobacco use. Results were reported as adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of tobacco use was estimated at 9.8% (95% CI: 9.2-10.4) among men and 1.7% (95% CI: 1.5-1.9) among women. Although the prevalence of tobacco use was low among young people, it increased with age. Respondents aged 35 and above, with no formal education, non-Christians, divorced/separated/widowed, from poorest households, rural areas, "Aire Métropolitaine de Port-au-Prince" region, with high media exposure had a higher likelihood of tobacco use. CONCLUSION The low prevalence of tobacco use among Haitian women and youth represents a public policy opportunity to prevent these vulnerable groups from starting smoking. Adult male smokers should also be targeted by appropriate policy to reduce the different health burdens associated with tobacco, both for the smokers and other people they may expose to passive smoking. Government and health sector stakeholders, along with community leaders, should create and enforce awareness strategies and rules to control advertisements that encourage irresponsible and health-risky consumption behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédique Paul
- Department of Agro-socio-economics, Chibas, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
- Groupe d'Etude sur les Sciences de la Durabilité, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
| | - David Jean Simon
- Bureau d'Etudes et de Recherche en Statistiques Appliquées, Suivi et Evaluation (BERSA-SE), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | | | - Ann Kiragu
- Department of Law and Political and Social Sciences, University of Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France
| | - Ketty Balthazard-Accou
- Groupe d'Etude sur les Sciences de la Durabilité, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
- Espace universitaire One Health, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Evens Emmanuel
- Espace universitaire One Health, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
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Han WJ, He P. A novel tumor microenvironment-related gene signature with immune features for prognosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:13137-13154. [PMID: 37479755 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05042-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is an aggressive subset of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the development of LUSC. We aim to identify potential therapeutic targets and a TME-related prognostic signature and for LUSC. METHODS TME-related genes were obtained from TCGA-LUSC dataset. LUSC samples were clustered by the non-negative matrix clustering algorithm (NMF). The prognostic signature was constructed through univariate Cox regression, multivariate Cox regression, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analyses. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was carried out to explore the enrichment pathways. RESULTS This study constructed a prognostic signature which contained 12 genes: HHIPL2, PLK4, SLC6A4, LSM1, TSLP, P4HA1, AMH, CLDN5, NRTN, CDH2, PTGIS, and STX1A. Patients were classified into high-risk and low-risk groups according to the median risk score of this signature. Compared with low-risk group patients, patients in high-risk group patients had poorer overall survival, which demonstrated this signature was an independent prognostic factor. Besides, correlation analysis and GSEA results revealed that genes of this signature were correlated with immune cells and drug response. CONCLUSION Our novel signature based on 12 TME-related genes might be applied as an independent prognostic indicator. Importantly, the signature could be a promising biomarker and accurately predict the prognosis of LUSC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Jia Han
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
- Sichuan Second Hospital of TCM, Chengdu, China.
| | - Pengzhi He
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Sichuan Second Hospital of TCM, Chengdu, China
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17
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Zhang L, Zhang X, Guan M, Yu F, Lai F. In-depth single-cell and bulk-RNA sequencing developed a NETosis-related gene signature affects non-small-cell lung cancer prognosis and tumor microenvironment: results from over 3,000 patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1282335. [PMID: 37927467 PMCID: PMC10620915 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1282335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cell death caused by neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is known as NETosis. Despite the increasing importance of NETosis in cancer diagnosis and treatment, its role in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Methods A total of 3298 NSCLC patients from different cohorts were included. The AUCell method was used to compute cells' NETosis scores from single-cell RNA-sequencing data. DEGs in sc-RNA dataset were obtained by the Seurat's "FindAllMarkers" function, and DEGs in bulk-RNA dataset were acquired by the DESeq2 package. ConsensusClusterPlus package was used to group patients into different NETosis subtypes, and the Enet algorithm was used to construct the NETosis-Related Riskscore (NETRS). Enrichment analyses were conducted using the GSVA and ClusterProfiler packages. Six distinct algorithms were utilized to evaluate patients' immune cell infiltration level. Patients' SNV and CNV data were analyzed by maftools and GISTIC2.0, respectively. Drug information was obtained from the GDSC1, and predicted by the Oncopredict package. Patient response to immunotherapy was evaluated by the TIDE algorithm in conjunction with the phs000452 immunotherapy cohort. Six NRGs' differential expression was verified using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results Among all cell types, neutrophils had the highest AUCell score. By Intersecting the DEGs between high and low NETosis classes, DEGs between normal and LUAD tissues, and prognostic related genes, 61 prognostic related NRGs were identified. Based on the 61 NRGs, all LUAD patients can be divided into two clusters, showing different prognostic and TME characteristics. Enet regression identified the NETRS composed of 18 NRGs. NETRS significantly associated with LUAD patients' clinical characteristics, and patients at different NETRS groups showed significant differences on prognosis, TME characteristics, immune-related molecules' expression levels, gene mutation frequencies, response to immunotherapy, and drug sensitivity. Besides, NETRS was more powerful than 20 published gene signatures in predicting LUAD patients' survival. Nine independent cohorts confirmed that NETRS is also valuable in predicting the prognosis of all NSCLC patients. Finally, six NRGs' expression was confirmed using three independent datasets, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Conclusion NETRS can serves as a valuable prognostic indicator for patients with NSCLC, providing insights into the tumor microenvironment and predicting the response to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Maohao Guan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fengqiang Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fancai Lai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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El Harch I, Guendaoui S, Charkaoui M, Benmaamar S, Omari M, El Youbi M, Belakhhel L, Abouselham L, Hachri H, El Menchay I, El Fakir S, Berraho M, Benchekroun N, Tachfouti N. Economic burden of lung cancer in Morocco: A cost of illness study. J Cancer Policy 2023; 37:100428. [PMID: 37353003 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpo.2023.100428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is the most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women. It is associated with substantial economic impact in terms of direct and indirect costs. The main objective of this study is to estimate the direct medical cost of lung cancer management in Morocco MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cost-of-illness study was conducted among patients treated at the Mohammed VI Center of Cancer (Casablanca) in 2019. The costs were estimated from the societal perspective using a bottom-up approach. The materials and procedures used were identified and quantified retrospectively from the information system and files. Their monetary value was calculated according to official prices published by the national health insurance agency. The horizon time adopted was 12 months. RESULTS The study included 271 patients, with an average age of 62.5 ± 9.5 years. Of these, 93.4 % were men and 92.1 % were former smokers. In terms of cancer staging, 68.3 % of patients were in stage IV while 28.8 % were in stage III. Adenocarcinoma was present in 43.5 % of cases. Patients underwent an average of 10.6 ± 5.1 radiological investigations, 56.1 ± 30.9 biological tests, and 24.1 ± 11.7 consultations. The average direct medical cost was 4455.3 USD (95 % CI: 4037.4-4873.2). Chemotherapy accounted for 19.9 % of the total cost, while radiological investigations and drugs accounted for 18.7 % and 17.6 %, respectively. Diagnostic tests and radiotherapy each accounted for 7.6 % of the total cost, while biological tests accounted for 7.5 % and hospitalizations accounted for 7.1 %. The cost was statistically higher in young patients (p = 0.017), in patients with adenocarcinoma (p < 0.0001), in patients with stage II tumor (< 0.00001), in patients who have undergone surgery (p = 0.002), chemotherapy (p < 0.0001), radiotherapy (p < 0.001) and in those without metastases (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION These results provide evidence to support the ratification of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and the full adherence of the Kingdom of Morocco to the MPOWER measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- I El Harch
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco.
| | - S Guendaoui
- Moahammed VI Center for Cancer Care, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - M Charkaoui
- Moahammed VI Center for Cancer Care, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - S Benmaamar
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco
| | - M Omari
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco
| | - M El Youbi
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco
| | - L Belakhhel
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco
| | - L Abouselham
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco
| | - H Hachri
- World Health Oranization Country of Morocco, Morocco
| | - I El Menchay
- World Health Oranization Country of Morocco, Morocco
| | - S El Fakir
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco
| | - M Berraho
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco
| | - N Benchekroun
- Moahammed VI Center for Cancer Care, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - N Tachfouti
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, Morocco
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Zhang K, Lin G, Nie Z, Jin S, Bing X, Li Z, Li M. TRIM38 suppresses migration, invasion, metastasis, and proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) via regulating the AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04823-y. [PMID: 37566200 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04823-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating data have revealed the pivotal function of tripartite motif protein 38 (TRIM38) in tumors. In view of this, this investigation aims to explore the function and potential mechanism of TRIM38 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A xenotypic tumor model was established in vivo by subcutaneously injecting NSCLC cells (2 × 106 cells) in tail vein of each mouse. Relative expression of TRIM38 mRNA was detected via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). For exploring the role of TRIM38 in vivo and in vitro, mice or NSCLC cells were divided into two groups: the vector group and the TRIM38 overexpression group. Also, protein expression levels of TRIM38, Vimentin, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin were determined using western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining. Tumor nodules of mouse lung tissues were assessed via performing H&E staining. Moreover, proliferation of NSCLC cells was evaluated through colony formation and CCK-8 assays. Further, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells were assessed through wound healing and transwell assays. Protein levels of pathway-related proteins including p-p65, p65, IκB, p-IκB, p-AMPK, AMPK, and NLRP3 were examined through western blotting analysis. Tumor lung tissues of mice and NSCLC cells showed low protein and mRNA expression of TRIM38. Functionally, up-regulation of TRIM38 reduced the number of tumor nodules and suppressed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in lung tissues of mice. Furthermore, up-regulation of TRIM38 in NSCLC cells inhibited migration, invasion, EMT, and proliferation. With respect to the mechanism, in vivo experiments, the inhibitory effects of TRIM38 overexpression on tumor nodules, and EMT were reversed by AMPK inhibitor. In vitro experiments, TRIM38 overexpression caused down-regulation of p-IκB and p-p65 as well as up-regulation of p-AMPK. The inhibitory effects of TRIM38 overexpression on migration, proliferation, invasion, and EMT of NSCLC cells were reversed by overexpression of NLRP3. Concurrently, AMPK inhibitor enhanced the TRIM38-overexpressed NSCLC cell's abilities in migration, clone formation, invasion, and proliferation. TRIM38 regulated the AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway to suppress the NSCLC's progression and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihua Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, No. 3, Zhen Gang Nan Li, Yun Gang, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100074, China
| | - Guihu Lin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, No. 3, Zhen Gang Nan Li, Yun Gang, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100074, China
| | - Zhenkai Nie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, No. 3, Zhen Gang Nan Li, Yun Gang, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100074, China
| | - Shan Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, No. 3, Zhen Gang Nan Li, Yun Gang, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100074, China
| | - Xiaohan Bing
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, No. 3, Zhen Gang Nan Li, Yun Gang, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100074, China
| | - Zhantao Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, No. 3, Zhen Gang Nan Li, Yun Gang, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100074, China
| | - Mingru Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, China Aerospace Science & Industry Corporation 731 Hospital, No. 3, Zhen Gang Nan Li, Yun Gang, Feng Tai District, Beijing, 100074, China.
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20
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Ali SH, Osmaniye D, Sağlık BN, Levent S, Özkay Y, Kaplancıklı ZA. Design, synthesis, and molecular docking studies of novel quinoxaline derivatives as anticancer agents. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:303-315. [PMID: 37094830 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
As lung cancer was placed foremost part among other types of cancer in terms of mortality. Recent researches are widely focused on developing multi-targeted and site-specific targeted drug designs. In the present study, we designed and developed a series of quinoxaline pharmacophore derivatives as active EGFR inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. The compounds were synthesized through a condensation reaction between hexane-3,4-dione and methyl 3,4-diaminobenzoate as a first step. Their structures were confirmed by 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, and HRMS spectroscopic methods. Cytotoxicity (MTT) were applied to determine anticancer activity of the compounds against breast (MCF7), fibroblast (NIH3 T3), and lung (A549) cell lines as EGFR inhibitors. Doxorubicin was used as a reference agent, compound 4i exhibited a significant effect among other derivatives with IC50 = 3.902 ± 0.098 μM value against A549 cell line. The docking study showed that the best position on EGFR receptor could be observed with 4i. From the obtained evaluations of the designed series, compound 4i was a promising agent as EGFR inhibitor for further investigation and evaluation studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sazan Haji Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Derya Osmaniye
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Begüm Nurpelin Sağlık
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Serkan Levent
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Özkay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
- Central Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Zafer Asım Kaplancıklı
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskişehir, Turkey
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21
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Mao G, Yang D, Liu B, Zhang Y, Ma S, Dai S, Wang G, Tang W, Lu H, Cai S, Zhu J, Yang H. Deciphering a cell death-associated signature for predicting prognosis and response to immunotherapy in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Respir Res 2023; 24:176. [PMID: 37415224 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02402-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is a subtype of non-small cell carcinoma, accounting for about 30% of all lung cancers. Yet, the evaluation of prognostic outcome and therapy response of patients with LUSC remains to be resolved. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of cell death pathways and develop a cell death-associated signature for predicting prognosis and guiding treatment in LUSC. METHODS Transcriptome profiles and corresponding clinical information of LUSC patients were gathered from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA-LUSC, n = 493) and Gene Expression Omnibus database (GSE74777, n = 107). The cell death-related genes including autophagy (n = 348), apoptosis (n = 163), and necrosis (n = 166) were retrieved from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology databases. In the training cohort (TCGA-LUSC), LASSO Cox regression was used to construct four prognostic signatures of respective autophagy, apoptosis, and necrosis pathway and genes of three pathways. After comparing the four signatures, the cell death index (CDI), the signature of combined genes, was further validated in the GSE74777 dataset. We also investigated the clinical significance of the CDI signature in predicting the immunotherapeutic response of LUSC patients. RESULTS The CDI signature was significantly associated with the overall survival of LUSC patients in the training cohort (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.62‒2.82; P < 0.001) and in the validation cohort (HR, 1.94; 95% CI, 1.01‒3.72; P = 0.04). The differentially expressed genes between the high- and low-risk groups contained cell death-associated cytokines and were enriched in immune-associated pathways. We also found a higher infiltration of naive CD4+ T cells, monocytes, activated dendritic cells, neutrophils, and lower infiltration of plasma cells and resting memory CD4+ T cells in the high-risk group. Tumor stemness indices, mRNAsi and mDNAsi, were both negatively correlated with the risk score of the CDI. Moreover, LUSC patients in the low-risk group are more likely to respond to immunotherapy than those in the high-risk group (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a reliable cell death-associated signature (CDI) that closely correlated with prognosis and the tumor microenvironment in LUSC, which may assist in predicting the prognosis and response to immunotherapy for patients with LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxian Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Dongyong Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Guangzhou, 362000, China
| | - Bin Liu
- First Division, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Zhuzhou Hospital, Central South University, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou, 412007, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Shang Dai
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | | | - Wenxiang Tang
- Department of General Practice, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Huafei Lu
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Shangli Cai
- Burning Rock Biotech, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Jialiang Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, 138 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Huaping Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, China.
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22
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Thomas R, Balaram G, Varayathu H, Ghorpade SN, Kowsik PV, Dharman B, Thomas BE, Ramaswamy V, Nanjaiah T, Patil S, Naik R, Basavalinga AK, Ghosh M. Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in NSCLC: A single-center experience from India. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:1398-1406. [PMID: 37787315 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1986_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Background The genetic profiling of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has contributed to the discovery of actionable targetable mutations, which have significantly improved outcomes in disease with poor prognosis. Molecular epidemiological data of driver mutations in Indian populations have not been extensively elaborated compared to western and eastern Asian NSCLC populations. This study assessed the prevalence and clinical outcomes of EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) mutations among the Indian NSCLC cohort in South India. Patients and Methods Retrospective analysis of 2,003 NSCLC patients who had undergone EGFR mutational analysis from 2013 to 2020 was performed. Clinical analysis was performed for 141 patients from 2013 to 2017 using Kaplan-Meier and Chi-square methods. Descriptive and survival statistics were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 23.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Results EGFR-sensitizing mutations were detected in 41.6% (834/2003) in the study cohort with compound mutations detected in 7.55% (63/834) of EGFR-positive cases. A significant relationship with regard to female gender and EGFR mutation status (P <.001) was observed. Exon 18 G719X (8.7%) mutations and exon 20 T790M point mutation (3.1%) were the most frequently isolated uncommon EGFR mutations. In the clinical cohort, EGFR mutations were detected at a significantly higher prevalence in females (P =0.002) and never-smokers (P < 0.001). EGFR mutation demonstrated a significant relationship with regard to brain metastasis (P = 0.011). EGFR mutated individuals had significantly longer median overall survival compared to EGFR wild type (26 months vs. 12 months, P = 0.044). Conclusion We reports the highest number of EGFR mutation analysis performed from India and mutational analysis indicated a loco-regional variation in India with regard to EGFR mutation frequency and its subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjan Thomas
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Triesta Sciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Gautam Balaram
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Triesta Sciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Hrish Varayathu
- Department of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Suhas N Ghorpade
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Triesta Sciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Prarthana V Kowsik
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Triesta Sciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Baby Dharman
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Triesta Sciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Beulah Elsa Thomas
- Department of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Veena Ramaswamy
- Department of Histopathology, Triesta Sciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Tejaswini Nanjaiah
- Department of Histopathology, Triesta Sciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | - Shekar Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radiation Oncology, Health Care Global Enterprises Limited, Bangalore, India
| | - Radheysham Naik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radiation Oncology, Health Care Global Enterprises Limited, Bangalore, India
| | - Ajai Kumar Basavalinga
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Health Care Global Enterprises Limited, Bangalore, India
| | - Mithua Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Triesta Sciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore, India
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23
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Lee KL, Lai TC, Lee WJ, Chen YC, Ho KH, Hung WY, Yang YC, Chan MH, Hsieh FK, Chung CL, Chang JH, Chien MH. Sustaining the Activation of EGFR Signal by Inflammatory Cytokine IL17A Prompts Cell Proliferation and EGFR-TKI Resistance in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3288. [PMID: 37444399 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a typical inflammation-associated cancer, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common pathological subtype. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) mutations are the most common driver mutations of LUAD, and they have been identified as important therapeutic targets by EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). The proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-17A, and IL-17A-producing cells were reported to be elevated in the tumor microenvironment and peripheral blood of NSCLC patients and to be correlated with tumor progression and poor prognoses. However, the pathophysiological role of IL-17A in NSCLC remains unclear, although some studies suggested its involvement in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Herein, we observed that expressions of IL-17A and its receptor, IL-17 receptor C (IL-17RC), were elevated in LUAD tissues and were correlated with poor survival in different lung cancer cohorts. In LUAD cells with mutant EGFR, the IL-17A/IL-17RC axis was shown to enhance phosphorylation of EGFR and Met, thereby promoting proliferation and resistance to EGFR-TKIs such as afatinib. In LUAD cells with wild-type (WT) EGFR, we found that the IL-17A/IL-17RC axis enhanced EGF-induced EGFR activation and cell proliferation through causing impairment of EGF-induced EGFR lysosomal degradation. Collectively, our results indicated diverse impacts of the IL-17A/IL-17RC axis on EGFR activation in LUAD cells with WT and mutant EGFR and suggested that developing therapeutic strategies against IL-17A/IL-17RC would be valuable for LUAD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ling Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ching Lai
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hao Ho
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yueh Hung
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung 433402, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chan
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112304, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Koo Hsieh
- The Genome Engineering & Stem Cell Center, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Chi-Li Chung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Hwa Chang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11696, Taiwan
- Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Freeman B, Mamallapalli J, Bian T, Ballas K, Lynch A, Scala A, Huo Z, Fredenburg KM, Bruijnzeel AW, Baglole CJ, Lu J, Salloum RG, Malaty J, Xing C. Opportunities and Challenges of Kava in Lung Cancer Prevention. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119539. [PMID: 37298489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths due to its high incidence, late diagnosis, and limited success in clinical treatment. Prevention therefore is critical to help improve lung cancer management. Although tobacco control and tobacco cessation are effective strategies for lung cancer prevention, the numbers of current and former smokers in the USA and globally are not expected to decrease significantly in the near future. Chemoprevention and interception are needed to help high-risk individuals reduce their lung cancer risk or delay lung cancer development. This article will review the epidemiological data, pre-clinical animal data, and limited clinical data that support the potential of kava in reducing human lung cancer risk via its holistic polypharmacological effects. To facilitate its future clinical translation, advanced knowledge is needed with respect to its mechanisms of action and the development of mechanism-based non-invasive biomarkers in addition to safety and efficacy in more clinically relevant animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breanne Freeman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Jessica Mamallapalli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Tengfei Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kayleigh Ballas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Allison Lynch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Alexander Scala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Zhiguang Huo
- Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health & Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Kristianna M Fredenburg
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Adriaan W Bruijnzeel
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Carolyn J Baglole
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Junxuan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, PennState Cancer Institute, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Ramzi G Salloum
- Department of Health Outcome & Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - John Malaty
- Department of Community Health & Family Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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25
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Liu W, Huo G, Chen P. Clinical benefit of pembrolizumab in treatment of first line non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical characteristics. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:458. [PMID: 37202730 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pembrolizumab has become an integral first line therapeutic agent for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its potential predictive role in clinical and molecular characteristics remains to be clarified. Accordingly, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the clinical benefit of pembrolizumab in treatment of first line NSCLC and to select individuals with the greatest potential benefit from pembrolizumab therapy, in order to obtain a more accurate treatment of NSCLC in immunotherapy. METHODS Mainstream oncology datasets and conferences were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) published before August 2022. RCTs involved individuals with first line NSCLC treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy. Two authors independently selected the studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. The basic characteristics of the included studies were recorded, along with 95 percent confidence intervals (CI) and hazard ratios (HR) for all patients and subgroups. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and secondary endpoints was progression-free survival (PFS). Pooled treatment data were estimated using the inverse variance-weighted method. RESULTS Five RCTs involving 2,877 individuals were included in the study. Pembrolizumab-based therapy significantly improved OS (HR 0.66; CI 95%, 0.55-0.79; p < 0.00001) and PFS (HR 0.60; CI 95%, 0.40-0.91; p = 0.02) compared with chemotherapy. OS was substantially enhanced in individuals aged < 65 years (HR 0.59; CI 95%, 0.42-0.82; p = 0.002), males (HR 0.74; CI 95%, 0.65-0.83; p < 0.00001), with a smoking history (HR 0.65; CI 95%, 0.52-0.82; p = 0.0003), with PD-L1 tumor proportion score (TPS) < 1% (HR 0.55; CI 95%, 0.41-0.73; p < 0.0001) and TPS ≥ 50% (HR 0.66; CI 95%, 0.56-0.76; p < 0.00001), but not in individuals aged ≥ 75 years (HR 0.82; CI 95%, 0.56-1.21; p = 0.32), females (HR 0.57; CI 95%, 0.31-1.06; p = 0.08), never smokers (HR 0.57; CI 95%, 0.18-1.80; p = 0.34), or with TPS 1-49% (HR 0.72; CI 95%, 0.52-1.01; p = 0.06). Pembrolizumab significantly prolonged OS in NSCLC patients, regardless of histology type (squamous or non-squamous NSCLC), performance status (PS) (0 or 1), and brain metastatic status (all p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that pembrolizumab combined with chemotherapy had more favorable HR values than pembrolizumab monotherapy in improving the OS of individuals with different clinical and molecular features. CONCLUSION Pembrolizumab-based therapy is a valuable option for first line treating advanced or metastatic NSCLC. Age, sex, smoking history and PD-L1 expression status can be used to predict the clinical benefit of pembrolizumab. Cautiousness was needed when using pembrolizumab in NSCLC patients aged ≥ 75 years, females, never smokers, or in patients with TPS 1-49%. Furthermore, pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy may be a more effective treatment regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Liu
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Gengwei Huo
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Ismail MS, Kassem L, Ali AAH, Ahmed FE, Shalaby M, Magdy S. Molecular patterns of egyptian patients with non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancers: a clinicopathological study. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst 2023; 35:7. [PMID: 37009936 DOI: 10.1186/s43046-023-00167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Driver molecular aberrations, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement, play an important role in the oncogenesis and progression of non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Therefore, this study aimed to detect the incidence of driver mutations among non-squamous NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was a retrospective-prospective cohort study on 131 patients with non-squamous NSCLC. Data on age, smoking status, chest symptoms, method of lung cancer diagnosis, molecular testing, including EGFR mutations in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue and serum circulating tumor DNA using next-generation sequencing and ALK gene rearrangement by FFPE tumor tissue, and follow-up data regarding treatment modalities and outcomes were collected. RESULTS The median age of the patients was 57 years (range: 32-79 years). Out of 131 patients, 97 were males (74%), and 90 (68.7%) were smokers. Among 128 patients tested, 16 (12.5%) had EGFR mutations detected with either technique by formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor tissue or/and serum circulating tumor DNA using next-generation sequencing, and 6 (4.7%) had ALK rearrangement by FFPE tumor tissue. The majority (62.6%) presented with metastatic disease. Among the 102 patients who received first-line systemic therapy, the objective response rate was 50.0% in mutated NSCLC versus 14.6% in non-mutated (p < 0.001). Among the eight mutated patients who received first-line tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), 7 patients achieved either complete response or partial response. Among the 22 mutated patients, the median overall survival was 3 months in those who did not receive targeted therapy versus not reached in those who received any type of targeted therapy (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Screening patients with newly diagnosed non-squamous NSCLC for driver mutations is essential for major prognostic and therapeutic implications. Early administration of TKIs in mutated patients significantly improves disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Said Ismail
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Loay Kassem
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Al-Husseiny Ali
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma Elzahraa Ahmed
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Shalaby
- Surgical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sally Magdy
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
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Shariati MM, Khazaei S. Choroidal metastasis and bilateral optic nerve involvement as presenting sign of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7172. [PMID: 37006849 PMCID: PMC10062305 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A 49‐year‐old male presented with a gradually progressive loss of vision in both eyes. Funduscopic examination revealed bilateral optic disc swelling and two yellowish elevated choroidal lesions in the left eye. Ophthalmic imaging raised suspicion of choroidal metastasis. Adenocarcinoma of the lung was detected in further systemic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sahel Khazaei
- Eye research centerMashhad University of medical sciencesMashhadIran
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Cierpiał-Wolan M, Wójcik S, Gawełko J, Czarnota M. Does the Level of Air Pollution Affect the Incidence of Lung Adenocarcinoma in South-Eastern Poland? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3177. [PMID: 36833873 PMCID: PMC9961870 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the association of long-term exposure to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter, PM2.5, PM10, NO2 and SO2 as well as CO, with lung adenocarcinoma (AD) in south-east Poland for the years from 2004 to 2014. The study group consisted of 4296 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and the level of selected pollutants. To analyse the data, a standard statistics for cohort data, that is a risk ratio (RR), was used. The dependencies occurring in the distribution of pollutants and cancer incidence were examined using Moran's I correlation coefficient. The current study suggests that PM10, NO2 and SO2 exposure as an air pollutant may increase female lung adenocarcinoma incidence. In men, the increased risk of adenocarcinoma lung cancer is affected by SO2 and PM10. A high morbidity rate in urban areas and suburbs may be connected with commuting from moderately polluted living areas to highly polluted working areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Cierpiał-Wolan
- Institute of Economics and Finance, College of Social Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Department, Statistical Office in Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Sebastian Wójcik
- Department, Statistical Office in Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
- Institute of Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Jan Gawełko
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Michalina Czarnota
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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Wang Y, Xiao X, Li Y. Construction and validation of a cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature for the prediction of the prognosis of LUAD and LUSC. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2477. [PMID: 36774418 PMCID: PMC9922262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29719-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide, with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accounting for the majority of cases. Cuproptosis, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) have been demonstrated to be associated with tumorigenesis. The objective of the present study was to develop a novel cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature to assess the association between cuproptosis and TIME in patients with LUAD or LUSC and to predict prognosis. Based on the outputs of the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model, a cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature was developed. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were generated to confirm the predictive ability of the signature. Univariate and multivariate analysis was also performed to determine the association between overall survival and this signature and other clinical characteristics, and a nomogram was created. Additionally, the relationship between the signature, TIME, tumor mutation burden and m6A methylation was established. The results of the present study revealed that 8 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were associated with the prognosis of patients with LUAD and LUSC. This novel cuproptosis-related lncRNA signature is associated with TIME and m6A methylation in LUAD and LUSC and can predict prognosis with accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Qianhai Taikang Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Esophageal surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Qianhai Taikang Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Qianhai Taikang Hospital, No. 63 Qianwan Road 1, Shenzhen, 518054, Guangdong, China.
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Moorthi S, Paguirigan A, Ko M, Pettinger M, Hoge ACH, Nag A, Patel NA, Wu F, Sather C, Fitzgibbon MP, Thorner AR, Anderson GL, Ha G, Berger AH. Somatic mutation but not aneuploidy differentiates lung cancer in never-smokers and smokers. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.05.522947. [PMID: 36712079 PMCID: PMC9881937 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.05.522947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer in never-smokers disproportionately affects older women. To understand the mutational landscape of this cohort, we performed detailed genome characterization of 73 lung adenocarcinomas from participants of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI). We find enrichment of EGFR mutations in never-/light-smokers and KRAS mutations in heavy smokers as expected, but we also show that the specific variants of these genes differ by smoking status, with important therapeutic implications. Mutational signature analysis revealed signatures of clock, APOBEC, and DNA repair deficiency in never-/light-smokers; however, the mutational load of these signatures did not differ significantly from those found in smokers. Last, tumors from both smokers and never-/light-smokers shared copy number subtypes, with no significant differences in aneuploidy. Thus, the genomic landscape of lung cancer in never-/light-smokers and smokers is predominantly differentiated by somatic mutations and not copy number alterations.
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Yang F, Gao L, Wang Q, Gao W. Development and Validation of Prognostic Nomograms for Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Brain Metastasis in Patients Aged 45 Years or Older: A Population-Based Study. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231202953. [PMID: 37776257 PMCID: PMC10542326 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231202953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to establish nomograms to predict the survival in patients aged ≥45 years with lung squamous cell carcinoma and brain metastasis. METHODS We collected patients diagnosed as lung squamous cell carcinoma with brain metastasis aged ≥45 years between 2010 and 2019 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Prognostic factors were determined by the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis, and then the nomogram was constructed to predict cancer-specific survival and overall survival. Nomograms were evaluated by decision curve analysis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, calibration plot, concordance index, and risk group stratification. RESULTS In total, 2437 patients were included, with 1706 and 731 in the cohorts of training and validation, respectively. The age, N stage, T stage, liver metastasis, chemotherapy, bone metastasis, along with radiotherapy were significant in predicting the survival, and adopted for the establishment of nomograms. In the training and validation sets, the concordance index were .713(95%CI:0.699-.728) & .700(95%CI:0.677-.722) in predicting cancer-specific survival and .715(95%CI:0.701-.729) & .712(95%CI:0.690-.735) in predicting overall survival, respectively. Besides, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting cancer-specific survival and overall survival in the training set were all >.7 at 1-, 2-, and 3- years. Calibration plots proved the survival predicted by nomograms were consistent with the actual values. decision curve analysis revealed better clinical validity of the nomogram in predicting cancer-specific survival and overall survival at 1-year than TNM staging. Patients were stratified into the high-/low-risk groups according to the optimal cutoff value of 100.21 for cancer-specific survival and 91.98 for overall survival. A web-based probability calculator was constructed finally. CONCLUSION Two nomograms were developed for the prognostic prediction of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients with brain metastasis aged ≥45 years, providing guidance for decision-making in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lianjun Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qimin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Yamaoka M, Igarashi T, Shiratori N, Miyadera K, Sugano T, Noro R, Takahashi H. A Case of Binocular Metastatic Choroidal Tumor Originating from Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Successfully Treated with Molecular Target Therapy. Case Rep Ophthalmol 2023; 14:426-432. [PMID: 37901630 PMCID: PMC10601831 DOI: 10.1159/000530130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of ocular metastasis from lung cancer is uncommon. In our current case, we report on a 64-year-old male patient found to have metastatic lesions in both choroids after being diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma. As the patient was found to have a mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), he was treated with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR TKI), afatinib. However, the treatment response suggested the presence of a progressive disease. Thus, due to cancerous meningitis, the patient's treatment was changed from afatinib to erlotinib, in addition to adding bevacizumab. Although the general condition of the patient did not change, improvement was noted for the choroidal metastasis. Moreover, the drug change also resulted in an improvement of the visual power of both eyes. Therefore, the results for this patient suggest that systemic administration of erlotinib and bevacizumab may be an effective treatment that leads to morphological and functional improvement in choroidal metastasis cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Yamaoka
- Department of Ophthalmology Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Igarashi
- Department of Ophthalmology Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naka Shiratori
- Department of Ophthalmology Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiki Miyadera
- Department of Respiratory medicine Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teppei Sugano
- Department of Respiratory medicine Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rintaro Noro
- Department of Respiratory medicine Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Department of Ophthalmology Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Pizzato M, La Vecchia C, Malvezzi M, Levi F, Boffetta P, Negri E, Dalmartello M. Cancer mortality and predictions for 2022 in selected Australasian countries, Russia, and Ukraine with a focus on colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer Prev 2023; 32:18-29. [PMID: 35822596 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed at predicting cancer mortality rates for the current year for the Russian Federation, Ukraine, Israel, Hong Kong SAR, Japan, Korea, and Australia, with a focus on colorectal cancer. METHODS We retrieved official death certification and population data from the WHO and the United Nations Population Division databases. We analyzed mortality for all cancers combined and for 10 major cancer sites from 1970 to 2019, or the latest available year. We predicted numbers of deaths and age-standardized mortality rates for 2022 using Poisson joinpoint regression models. We estimated the number of averted deaths over the period 1994-2022 because of the decline in mortality rates. RESULTS Total cancer mortality declined in all countries and both sexes. Russia had the highest total cancer predicted rates for 2022: 156.4/100 000 (world standard) in men and 81.4 in women; the lowest rates were reported in Israeli men (90.6/100 000) and Korean women (44.5/100 000). Between 1994 and 2022, a total of 1 487 000 deaths were estimated to be avoided in Russia, 502 000 in Ukraine, 58 000 in Israel, 102 000 in Hong Kong SAR, 1 020 000 in Japan, 533 000 in the Republic of Korea, and 263 000 in Australia. Colorectal cancer mortality trends were downward for the last decades with favorable predictions for 2022 in both sexes. CONCLUSION In the countries considered, predicted downward trends started later and were less marked than those in the European Union and the USA. Despite overall favorable predictions, colorectal cancer remains one of the major causes of cancer mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margherita Pizzato
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo La Vecchia
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Malvezzi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Levi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Unisanté, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Eva Negri
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michela Dalmartello
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Lv Y, Zhang Z, Tian S, Wang W, Li H. Therapeutic potential of fucosyltransferases in cancer and recent development of targeted inhibitors. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103394. [PMID: 36223858 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2022.103394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fucosyltransferases (FUTs) have significant roles in various pathophysiological events. Their high expression is a signature of malignant cell transformation, contributing to many abnormal events during cancer development, such as uncontrolled cell proliferation, tumor cell invasion, angiogenesis, metastasis, immune evasion, and therapy resistance. Therefore, FUTs have evolved as an attractive therapeutic target for treating solid cancers, and many substrate analogs have been discovered with potential as FUT inhibitors for cancer therapy. Meanwhile, the development of FUT protein structures represents a significant advance in the design of FUT inhibitors with nonsubstrate structures. In this review, we summarize the role of FUTs in cancers, the resolved protein crystal structures and progress in the development of FUT inhibitors as cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhoudong Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weipeng Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Huanqiu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu, China.
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Liu Z, Xiao Z, Wang X, Zhang L, Zhang Z. Ion channel gene GJB2 influences the intercellular communication by Up-regulating the SPP1 signaling pathway identified by the single-cell RNA sequencing in lung adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1146976. [PMID: 37188183 PMCID: PMC10175797 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1146976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Firstly, observe the prognostic significance and the biological functional effects of gap junction protein beta 2 (GJB2 or Cx26) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Subsequently, explore the role played by GJB2 in intercellular communication by single-cell RNA sequencing. Method We made a differential analysis of GJB2 expression through public databases and investigated the clinical characteristics and prognostic significance. ESTIMATE analysis and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) database were utilized to illustrate the association of GJB2 with immune infiltration and components of the tumor microenvironment. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), and Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed to study the biological function of GJB2. Cell-cell communication was analyzed using the CellChat R package through sc-RNA data. Results GJB2 has an outstanding prognosis value in LUAD and a close relationship was found between GJB2 and immune infiltration in LUAD. GJB2 could participate in several tumor biological processes, including extracellular matrix remodeling and upregulation of multiple cancer-related active pathways. GJB2 related hub-genes influence intercellular communication through the SPP1 signaling pathway. Conclusion Our study illustrates one mechanism by which GJB2 exerts its cancer-specific relevant effects, that is, causing changes in intercellular communication through the SPP1 signaling pathway. Blockade of this pathway may limit the functional role of GJB2 and provide us with promising new perceptions for LUAD treatment.
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Qureshi R, Zou B, Alam T, Wu J, Lee VHF, Yan H. Computational Methods for the Analysis and Prediction of EGFR-Mutated Lung Cancer Drug Resistance: Recent Advances in Drug Design, Challenges and Future Prospects. IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS 2023; 20:238-255. [PMID: 35007197 DOI: 10.1109/tcbb.2022.3141697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide, and has a very low survival rate. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the largest subset of lung cancers, which accounts for about 85% of all cases. It has been well established that a mutation in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) can lead to lung cancer. EGFR Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) are developed to target the kinase domain of EGFR. These TKIs produce promising results at the initial stage of therapy, but the efficacy becomes limited due to the development of drug resistance. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of computational methods, for understanding drug resistance mechanisms. The important EGFR mutants and the different generations of EGFR-TKIs, with the survival and response rates are discussed. Next, we evaluate the role of important EGFR parameters in drug resistance mechanism, including structural dynamics, hydrogen bonds, stability, dimerization, binding free energies, and signaling pathways. Personalized drug resistance prediction models, drug response curve, drug synergy, and other data-driven methods are also discussed. Recent advancements in deep learning; such as AlphaFold2, deep generative models, big data analytics, and the applications of statistics and permutation are also highlighted. We explore limitations in the current methodologies, and discuss strategies to overcome them. We believe this review will serve as a reference for researchers; to apply computational techniques for precision medicine, analyzing structures of protein-drug complexes, drug discovery, and understanding the drug response and resistance mechanisms in lung cancer patients.
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Elsaka RO, Helal SM, Abdelhady AM, Kolaib NM, Soliman MA. Immunohistochemical expression of CD8, CTLA4, and PD-L1 in NSCLC of smokers versus non smokers and its effect on prognosis. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/20905068.2022.2101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rasha. O. Elsaka
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Suzan. M. Helal
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed. M. Abdelhady
- Department of Chest Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nourhan. M. Kolaib
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Manal. A. Soliman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Cavers D, Nelson M, Rostron J, Robb KA, Brown LR, Campbell C, Akram AR, Dickie G, Mackean M, van Beek EJR, Sullivan F, Steele RJ, Neilson AR, Weller D. Understanding patient barriers and facilitators to uptake of lung screening using low dose computed tomography: a mixed methods scoping review of the current literature. Respir Res 2022; 23:374. [PMID: 36564817 PMCID: PMC9789658 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeted lung cancer screening is effective in reducing mortality by upwards of twenty percent. However, screening is not universally available and uptake is variable and socially patterned. Understanding screening behaviour is integral to designing a service that serves its population and promotes equitable uptake. We sought to review the literature to identify barriers and facilitators to screening to inform the development of a pilot lung screening study in Scotland. METHODS We used Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology and PRISMA-ScR framework to identify relevant literature to meet the study aims. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods primary studies published between January 2000 and May 2021 were identified and reviewed by two reviewers for inclusion, using a list of search terms developed by the study team and adapted for chosen databases. RESULTS Twenty-one articles met the final inclusion criteria. Articles were published between 2003 and 2021 and came from high income countries. Following data extraction and synthesis, findings were organised into four categories: Awareness of lung screening, Enthusiasm for lung screening, Barriers to lung screening, and Facilitators or ways of promoting uptake of lung screening. Awareness of lung screening was low while enthusiasm was high. Barriers to screening included fear of a cancer diagnosis, low perceived risk of lung cancer as well as practical barriers of cost, travel and time off work. Being health conscious, provider endorsement and seeking reassurance were all identified as facilitators of screening participation. CONCLUSIONS Understanding patient reported barriers and facilitators to lung screening can help inform the implementation of future lung screening pilots and national lung screening programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debbie Cavers
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Doorway 1, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG UK
| | - Mia Nelson
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Doorway 1, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG UK
| | - Jasmin Rostron
- The National Institute of Economic and Social Research, 2 Dean Trench Street, London, NW1P 3HE UK
| | - Kathryn A. Robb
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, 1 Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow, G12 8RZ UK
| | - Lynsey R. Brown
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9TF UK
| | - Christine Campbell
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Doorway 1, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG UK
| | - Ahsan R. Akram
- MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Graeme Dickie
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Doorway 1, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG UK
| | - Melanie Mackean
- Edinburgh Cancer Centre, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU UK
| | - Edwin J. R. van Beek
- Edinburgh Imaging, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ UK
| | - Frank Sullivan
- School of Medicine, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, KY16 9TF UK
| | - Robert J. Steele
- School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, DD1 9SY UK
| | - Aileen R. Neilson
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Doorway 1, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG UK
| | - David Weller
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Doorway 1, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG UK
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Yuan G, Hu B, Ma J, Zhang C, Xie H, Wei T, Yang Y, Ni B. Histone lysine methyltransferase
SETDB2
suppresses
NRF2
to restrict tumor progression and modulates chemotherapy sensitivity in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Med 2022; 12:7258-7272. [PMID: 36504353 PMCID: PMC10067124 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aberrant epigenetic remodeling represents a molecular hallmark in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We aim to investigate the biological roles of SETDB2 and its underlying associations with oxidative stress, providing therapeutic targets for individualized treatment of LUAD. METHODS Differential analysis was conducted via Limma package, and Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed with survival package. CCK-8, cell proliferation assay, transwell assay, and in vivo assays were conducted to assess the function of SETDB2. Western blot assay, RT-qPCR, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were conducted to assess the expression levels of SETDB2/NRF2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay and ChIP-qPCR were conducted to assess the epigenetic roles of SETDB2. RESULTS We found that SETDB2 expression is decreased in tumor samples versus normal tissues in TCGA-LUAD cohort, LUAD-EAS cohort, GSE72094 dataset, and independent Soochow-LUAD dataset. Patients with low SETDB2 levels had a worse prognosis relative to those with high SETDB2. SETDB2 inhibition could significantly promote cell growth, migration ability, and stemness maintenance. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested that SETDB2 correlated with oxidative stress crosstalk and regulated NRF2 mRNA levels. ChIP assay suggested that SETDB2 mainly recruited the H3K9me3 enrichment at the NRF2 promoter region to suppress the mRNA levels of NRF2. Downregulated SETDB2 could activate NRF2 transcription and expression, thereby promoting its downstream targets, like NQO1, FTH1, and ME1. Functional experiments demonstrated that low SETDB2 allowed NRF2 to drive malignant processes of LUAD. SETDB2 overexpression attenuated the ability of NRF2 signaling to neutralize cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to enhanced cell apoptosis. Overexpressed SETDB2 could inhibit tumor progression in vivo and further render LUAD cells sensitive to chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, these findings uncovered the suppressive role of SETDB2 in LUAD. SETDB2 negatively regulates NRF2 signaling to modulate tumor progression, which creates a therapeutic vulnerability in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangda Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Bowen Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Chuanyu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Hongya Xie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Tengteng Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Suzhou China
| | - Bin Ni
- Department of Thoracic Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
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Li S, Li W, Ma T, Fu S, Gao X, Qin N, Wu Y, Zhang X, Wang J, Pan Y, Liu Z. Assessing the efficacy of immunotherapy in lung squamous carcinoma using artificial intelligence neural network. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1024707. [PMID: 36518765 PMCID: PMC9742243 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1024707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At present, immunotherapy is a very promising treatment method for lung cancer patients, while the factors affecting response are still controversial. It is crucial to predict the efficacy of lung squamous carcinoma patients who received immunotherapy. Methods In our retrospective study, we enrolled lung squamous carcinoma patients who received immunotherapy at Beijing Chest Hospital from January 2017 to November 2021. All patients were grouped into two cohorts randomly, the training cohort (80% of the total) and the test cohort (20% of the total). The training cohort was used to build neural network models to assess the efficacy and outcome of immunotherapy in lung squamous carcinoma based on clinical information. The main outcome was the disease control rate (DCR), and then the secondary outcomes were objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results A total of 289 patients were included in this study. The DCR model had area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) value of 0.9526 (95%CI, 0.9088-0.9879) in internal validation and 0.9491 (95%CI, 0.8704-1.0000) in external validation. The ORR model had AUC of 0.8030 (95%CI, 0.7437-0.8545) in internal validation and 0.7040 (95%CI, 0.5457-0.8379) in external validation. The PFS model had AUC of 0.8531 (95%CI, 0.8024-0.8975) in internal validation and 0.7602 (95%CI, 0.6236-0.8733) in external validation. The OS model had AUC of 0.8006 (95%CI, 0.7995-0.8017) in internal validation and 0.7382 (95%CI, 0.7366-0.7398) in external validation. Conclusions The neural network models show benefits in the efficacy evaluation of immunotherapy to lung squamous carcinoma patients, especially the DCR and ORR models. In our retrospective study, we found that neoadjuvant and adjuvant immunotherapy may bring greater efficacy benefits to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyu Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyun Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Na Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhua Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyong Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,Cancer Research Center, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jinghui Wang, ; Zhidong Liu, ; Yuanming Pan,
| | - Yuanming Pan
- Cancer Research Center, Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute/Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jinghui Wang, ; Zhidong Liu, ; Yuanming Pan,
| | - Zhidong Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beijing Chest Hospital/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Jinghui Wang, ; Zhidong Liu, ; Yuanming Pan,
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Recent Trends in Synchronous Brain Metastasis Incidence and Mortality in the United States: Ten-Year Multicenter Experience. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:8374-8389. [PMID: 36354720 PMCID: PMC9689090 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large epidemiological studies describing the trends in incidence rates and mortality of synchronous brain metastases (SBMs) are lacking. The study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the changes in the incidence and mortality of SBMs over the previous ten years. METHODS Trends in the incidence of solid malignancies outside of the CNS in patients with SBMs and incidence-based mortality rates were assessed using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Joinpoint analyses were used to calculate annual percent changes (APCs) and 95% CIs. RESULTS Between 2010 and 2019, 66,655 patients, including 34,821 (52.24%) men and 31,834 (47.76%) women, were found to have SBMs, and 57,692 deaths occurred over this period. Lung cancer SBMs, melanoma SBMs, and breast cancer SBMs were ranked in the top three, having the highest age-standardized incidence rates. The incidence of SBMs decreased significantly with an APC of -0.6% from 2010 to 2019, while the APC was 1.2% for lung cancer SBMs, 2.5% for melanoma SBMs, and 0.6% for breast cancer SBMs. The SBM mortality first experienced a rapid increase (APC = 28.6%) from 2010 to 2012 and then showed a significant decline at an APC of -1.8% from 2012 to 2019. Lung cancer SBMs showed similar trends, while melanoma SBM and breast cancer SBM mortality increased continuously. CONCLUSIONS SBMs incidence (2010-2019) and incidence-based mortality (2012-2019) declined significantly. These findings can advance our understanding of the prevalence of SBMs.
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Liu Y, Sun M, Xiong Y, Gu X, Zhang K, Liu L. Construction and Validation of Prognosis Nomogram for Metastatic Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Study. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221132035. [PMID: 36217877 PMCID: PMC9558863 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221132035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to establish a nomogram to predict overall
survival in lung squamous cell carcinoma patients with metastasis for clinical
decision-making. Methods: We investigated lung squamous cell
carcinoma patients diagnosed with stage M1 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology,
and Final Results database between 2010 and 2015. They were divided into
training cohort and validation cohort. In the training cohort, statistically
significant prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate
Cox regression analysis, and an individualized nomogram model was developed. The
model was evaluated by C-index, area under the curve, calibration plot, decision
curve analysis, and risk group stratification. Results: In total,
9910 patients were included in our study, including 6937 in the training cohort
and 2937 in the validation cohort. Factors containing age, T stage, N stage,
bone metastasis, brain metastasis, liver metastasis, surgery, chemotherapy, and
radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors for overall survival and were
used in the construction of the nomogram. The C-index in the training cohort and
validation cohort were 0.711 (95% confidenc interval: 0.705-0.717) and 0.707
(95% confidenc interval: 0.697-0.717), respectively. The time-dependent area
under the curve of both groups was higher than 0.7 within 5 years. Calibration
plots indicated that the nomogram-predicted survival was consistent with the
recorded 6-month, 1-year, and 2-year prognoses. Furthermore, decision curve
analysis revealed that the nomogram was clinically useful and had a better
discriminative ability to recognize patients at high risk than the TNM
criteria-based tumor staging. And then we developed an overall survival risk
classification system based on the nomogram total points for each patient, which
divided all patients into a high-risk group and a low-risk group. Finally, we
implemented this nomogram in a free online tool. Conclusion: We
constructed a nomogram and a corresponding risk classification system predicting
the overall survival of lung squamous cell carcinoma patients with metastasis.
These tools can assist in patients’ counseling and guide treatment
decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Sun
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyue Gu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Kai Zhang, Cancer Center, Union Hospital,
Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan
430022, China. Li Liu, Cancer Center,
Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and
Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong
University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Aide N, Weyts K, Lasnon C. Prediction of the Presence of Targetable Molecular Alteration(s) with Clinico-Metabolic 18 F-FDG PET Radiomics in Non-Asian Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102448. [PMID: 36292136 PMCID: PMC9601118 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate if combining clinical characteristics with pre-therapeutic 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) radiomics could predict the presence of molecular alteration(s) in key molecular targets in lung adenocarcinoma. This non-interventional monocentric study included patients with newly diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma referred for baseline PET who had tumour molecular analyses. The data were randomly split into training and test datasets. LASSO regression with 100-fold cross-validation was performed, including sex, age, smoking history, AJCC cancer stage and 31 PET variables. In total, 109 patients were analysed, and it was found that 63 (57.8%) patients had at least one molecular alteration. Using the training dataset (n = 87), the model included 10 variables, namely age, sex, smoking history, AJCC stage, excessKustosis_HISTO, sphericity_SHAPE, variance_GLCM, correlation_GLCM, LZE_GLZLM, and GLNU_GLZLM. The ROC analysis for molecular alteration prediction using this model found an AUC equal to 0.866 (p < 0.0001). A cut-off value set to 0.48 led to a sensitivity of 90.6% and a positive likelihood ratio (LR+) value equal to 2.4. After application of this cut-off value in the unseen test dataset of patients (n = 22), the test presented a sensitivity equal to 90.0% and an LR+ value of 1.35. A clinico-metabolic 18 F-FDG PET phenotype allows the detection of key molecular target alterations with high sensitivity and negative predictive value. Hence, it opens the way to the selection of patients for molecular analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Aide
- UNICAEN, INSERM 1086 ANTICIPE, Normandy University, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Kathleen Weyts
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Comprehensive Cancer Centre F. Baclesse, UNICANCER, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Charline Lasnon
- UNICAEN, INSERM 1086 ANTICIPE, Normandy University, 14000 Caen, France
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Comprehensive Cancer Centre F. Baclesse, UNICANCER, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-261-455-268; Fax: +33-231-455-101
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Assisi D, Gallina FT, Forcella D, Tajè R, Melis E, Visca P, Pierconti F, Venti E, Facciolo F. Transesophageal Endoscopic Ultrasound Fine Needle Biopsy for the Diagnosis of Mediastinal Masses: A Retrospective Real-World Analysis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11185469. [PMID: 36143116 PMCID: PMC9506435 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11185469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) plays an important role in the diagnosis and staging of thoracic disease. Our report studies the diagnostic performance and clinical impact of EUS fine needle aspiration (FNA) in a homogenous cohort of patients according to the distribution of the enlarged MLNs or pulmonary masses. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the diagnostic performance of 211 EUS-FNA in 200 consecutive patients with enlarged or PET-positive MLNs and para-mediastinal masses who were referred to our oncological center between January 2019 and May 2020. Results: The overall sensitivity of EUS-FNA was 85% with a corresponding negative predictive value (NPV) of 56% and an accuracy of 87.5%. The sensitivity and accuracy in patients with abnormal MLNs were 81.1% and 84.4%, respectively. In those with para-mediastinal masses, sensitivity and accuracy were 96.4% and 96.8%. The accuracy for both masses and lymph nodes was 100%, and in the LAG (left adrenal gland), it was 66.6%. Conclusions: Our results show that, in patients with suspected mediastinal masses, EUS-FNA is an accurate technique to evaluate all reachable mediastinal nodal stations, including station 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Assisi
- Digestive Endoscopy Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Tommaso Gallina
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0652665218
| | - Daniele Forcella
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Tajè
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Melis
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Pierconti
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Venti
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Facciolo
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
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Shen Z, Li X, Hu Z, Yang Y, Yang Z, Li S, Zhou Y, Ma J, Li H, Liu X, Cai J, Pu L, Wang X, Huang Y. Linc00996 is a favorable prognostic factor in LUAD: Results from bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Front Genet 2022; 13:932973. [PMID: 36118847 PMCID: PMC9479463 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.932973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Linc00996 has been reported in a variety of malignant tumors, but its potential role and significance in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are not fully understood. The authors investigated the expression and biological behavior of Linc00996 in LUAD and elucidated the function of its potential target genes.Materials and methods: The data of Linc00996 expression in cancers were derived from GEPIA. GEO and TCGA datasets were used to identify the differential expression of Linc00996 in LUAD and analyze the respective correlation between different expression levels and LUAD stage and survival prognosis. We further elucidated the potential biological processes and pathways involved with Linc00996 in LAUD by GSEA. ssGSEA was applied to explore the relationship between Linc00996 and immune activity. Finally, the clinical impact of Linc00996 was assessed in 61 patients with LUAD, and the biological functions of Linc00996 were determined by a series of experiments in vitro, such as CCK8, colony formation, migration, and invasion assays.Results: Compared with adjacent normal lung tissues, Linc00996 was significantly downregulated in LUAD, and its expression was negatively correlated with T stage, N stage, and pathological stage. An in vitro study suggested that enhanced Linc00996 expression could inhibit cell proliferation, clonal formation, migration, and invasion in LUAD cell lines. Via GSEA and ssGSEA, we observed that Linc00996 might be connected with immune infiltration in LUAD, and Linc00996 might inhibit tumorigenesis and metastasis by regulating antigen processing and presentation, JAK-STAT3, and cell adhesion molecular signaling pathways.Conclusion: Linc00996 is a novel tumor suppressor in LUAD and may suppress the tumorigenesis and metastasis of LUAD via the tumor-related signaling pathway, such as antigen processing and presentation, JAK-STAT3, and cell adhesion molecular signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghai Shen
- Cancer Center Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
- Molecular Diagnosis Sub Center of Yunnan Cancer Center, Yunnan Cancer Molecular Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Zaoxiu Hu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Yanlong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhenghong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Yongchun Zhou
- Cancer Center Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
- Molecular Diagnosis Sub Center of Yunnan Cancer Center, Yunnan Cancer Molecular Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Cancer Center Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Hongsheng Li
- Molecular Diagnosis Sub Center of Yunnan Cancer Center, Yunnan Cancer Molecular Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Xi Liu
- Cancer Center Office, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
- Molecular Diagnosis Sub Center of Yunnan Cancer Center, Yunnan Cancer Molecular Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Molecular Diagnosis Sub Center of Yunnan Cancer Center, Yunnan Cancer Molecular Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
| | - Lisa Pu
- Department of Nephrology, Kunming Yanan Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Wang
- Molecular Diagnosis Sub Center of Yunnan Cancer Center, Yunnan Cancer Molecular Diagnosis Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoxiong Wang, ; Yunchao Huang,
| | - Yunchao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery I, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center), Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoxiong Wang, ; Yunchao Huang,
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Hao B, Li F, Wan X, Pan S, Li D, Song C, Li N, Geng Q. Squamous cell carcinoma predicts worse prognosis than adenocarcinoma in stage IA lung cancer patients: A population-based propensity score matching analysis. Front Surg 2022; 9:944032. [PMID: 36090323 PMCID: PMC9461700 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.944032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although numerous studies have reported the association between histological types and the prognosis of IA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, few studies have deeply investigated the impact of pathology on the outcome of NSCLC patients. In this study, we comprehensively explored whether the type of histology influenced the outcome of IA-stage NSCLC patients. Methods The study population was obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program, which is supported by the National Cancer Institute of the United States. To avoid potential bias, the method of propensity score matching (PSM) was used to obtain a balanced cohort for further analysis. Results The results from univariate and multivariate regression models showed that lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSQCC) patients were at a significantly greater risk of undergoing shorter overall survival (OS) and lung cancer–specific survival (LCSS). After PSM analysis, LSQCC was still closely associated with a reduction in OS and LCSS. All of these suggested that the histological type was an independent prognostic factor for OS and LCSS. Conclusion Our study demonstrated that squamous cell carcinoma predicted worse OS and LCSS in IA-stage NSCLC patients compared with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). We suggest that the outcomes of LSQCC and LUAD are very different and that the two histological types should be differently analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, China
| | - Shize Pan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Donghang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Congkuan Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Alternative Treatment Options to ALK Inhibitor Monotherapy for EML4-ALK-Driven Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14143452. [PMID: 35884511 PMCID: PMC9325236 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14143452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
EML4-ALK is an oncogenic fusion protein that accounts for approximately 5% of NSCLC cases. Targeted inhibitors of ALK are the standard of care treatment, often leading to a good initial response. Sadly, some patients do not respond well, and most will develop resistance over time, emphasizing the need for alternative treatments. This review discusses recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms behind EML4-ALK-driven NSCLC progression and the opportunities they present for alternative treatment options to ALK inhibitor monotherapy. Targeting ALK-dependent signalling pathways can overcome resistance that has developed due to mutations in the ALK catalytic domain, as well as through activation of bypass mechanisms that utilise the same pathways. We also consider evidence for polytherapy approaches that combine targeted inhibition of these pathways with ALK inhibitors. Lastly, we review combination approaches that use targeted inhibitors of ALK together with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or immunotherapy. Throughout this article, we highlight the importance of alternative breakpoints in the EML4 gene that result in the generation of distinct EML4-ALK variants with different biological and pathological properties and consider monotherapy and polytherapy approaches that may be selective to particular variants.
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How Is the Lung Cancer Incidence Rate Associated with Environmental Risks? Machine-Learning-Based Modeling and Benchmarking. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148445. [PMID: 35886298 PMCID: PMC9316771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The lung cancer threat has become a critical issue for public health. Research has been devoted to its clinical study but only a few studies have addressed the issue from a holistic perspective that included social, economic, and environmental dimensions. Therefore, in this study, risk factors or features, such as air pollution, tobacco use, socioeconomic status, employment status, marital status, and environment, were comprehensively considered when constructing a predictive model. These risk factors were analyzed and selected using stepwise regression and the variance inflation factor to eliminate the possibility of multicollinearity. To build efficient and informative prediction models of lung cancer incidence rates, several machine learning algorithms with cross-validation were adopted, namely, linear regression, support vector regression, random forest, K-nearest neighbor, and cubist model tree. A case study in Taiwan showed that the cubist model tree with feature selection was the best model with an RMSE of 3.310 and an R-squared of 0.960. Through these predictive models, we also found that apart from smoking, the average NO2 concentration, employment percentage, and number of factories were also important factors that had significant impacts on the incidence of lung cancer. In addition, the random forest model without feature selection and with feature selection could support the interpretation of the most contributing variables. The predictive model proposed in the present study can help to precisely analyze and estimate lung cancer incidence rates so that effective preventative measures can be developed. Furthermore, the risk factors involved in the predictive model can help with the future analysis of lung cancer incidence rates from a holistic perspective.
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Identification of a cytokine-dominated immunosuppressive class in squamous cell lung carcinoma with implications for immunotherapy resistance. Genome Med 2022; 14:72. [PMID: 35799269 PMCID: PMC9264601 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01079-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). However, a significant proportion of patients with high tumour PD-L1 expression remain resistant to immune checkpoint inhibitors. To understand the underlying resistance mechanisms, characterization of the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment and identification of biomarkers to predict resistance in patients are urgently needed. METHODS Our study retrospectively analysed RNA sequencing data of 624 LUSC samples. We analysed gene expression patterns from tumour microenvironment by unsupervised clustering. We correlated the expression patterns with a set of T cell exhaustion signatures, immunosuppressive cells, clinical characteristics, and immunotherapeutic responses. Internal and external testing datasets were used to validate the presence of exhausted immune status. RESULTS Approximately 28 to 36% of LUSC patients were found to exhibit significant enrichments of T cell exhaustion signatures, high fraction of immunosuppressive cells (M2 macrophage and CD4 Treg), co-upregulation of 9 inhibitory checkpoints (CTLA4, PDCD1, LAG3, BTLA, TIGIT, HAVCR2, IDO1, SIGLEC7, and VISTA), and enhanced expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. TGFβ and CCL18). We defined this immunosuppressive group of patients as exhausted immune class (EIC). Although EIC showed a high density of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, these were associated with poor prognosis. EIC had relatively elevated PD-L1 expression, but showed potential resistance to ICB therapy. The signature of 167 genes for EIC prediction was significantly enriched in melanoma patients with ICB therapy resistance. EIC was characterized by a lower chromosomal alteration burden and a unique methylation pattern. We developed a web application ( http://lilab2.sysu.edu.cn/tex & http://liwzlab.cn/tex ) for researchers to further investigate potential association of ICB resistance based on our multi-omics analysis data. CONCLUSIONS We introduced a novel LUSC immunosuppressive class which expressed high PD-L1 but showed potential resistance to ICB therapy. This comprehensive characterization of immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment in LUSC provided new insights for further exploration of resistance mechanisms and optimization of immunotherapy strategies.
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Explainable Machine Learning Solution for Observing Optimal Surgery Timings in Thoracic Cancer Diagnosis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12136506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce an AI-based procedure to estimate and assist in choosing the optimal surgery timing, in the case of a thoracic cancer diagnostic, based on an explainable machine learning model trained on a knowledge base. This decision is usually taken by the surgeon after examining a set of clinical parameters and their evolution in time. Therefore, it is sometimes subjective, it depends heavily on the previous experience of the surgeon, and it might not be confirmed by the histopathological exam. Therefore, we propose a pipeline of automatic processing steps with the purpose of inferring the prospective result of the histopathologic exam, generating an explanation of why this inference holds, and finally, evaluating it against the conclusive opinion of an experienced surgeon. To obtain an accurate practical result, the training dataset is labeled manually by the thoracic surgeon, creating a training knowledge base that is not biased towards clinical practice. The resulting intelligent system benefits from both the precision of a classical expert system and the flexibility of deep neural networks, and it is supposed to avoid, at maximum, any possible human misinterpretations and provide a factual estimate for the proper timing for surgical intervention. Overall, the experiments showed a 7% improvement on the test set compared with the medical opinion alone. To enable the reproducibility of the AI system, complete handling of a case study is presented from both the medical and technical aspects.
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