1
|
Zhao L, Zhou J, Abbasi F, Fathzadeh M, Knowles JW, Leung LLK, Morser J. Chemerin in Participants with or without Insulin Resistance and Diabetes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:924. [PMID: 38672278 PMCID: PMC11048116 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemerin is a chemokine/adipokine, regulating inflammation, adipogenesis and energy metabolism whose activity depends on successive proteolytic cleavages at its C-terminus. Chemerin levels and processing are correlated with insulin resistance. We hypothesized that chemerin processing would be higher in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and in those who are insulin resistant (IR). This hypothesis was tested by characterizing different chemerin forms by specific ELISA in the plasma of 18 participants with T2D and 116 without T2D who also had their insulin resistance measured by steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) concentration during an insulin suppression test. This approach enabled us to analyze the association of chemerin levels with a direct measure of insulin resistance (SSPG concentration). Participants were divided into groups based on their degree of insulin resistance using SSPG concentration tertiles: insulin sensitive (IS, SSPG ≤ 91 mg/dL), intermediate IR (IM, SSPG 92-199 mg/dL), and IR (SSPG ≥ 200 mg/dL). Levels of different chemerin forms were highest in patients with T2D, second highest in individuals without T2D who were IR, and lowest in persons without T2D who were IM or IS. In the whole group, chemerin levels positively correlated with both degree of insulin resistance (SSPG concentration) and adiposity (BMI). Participants with T2D and those without T2D who were IR had the most proteolytic processing of chemerin, resulting in higher levels of both cleaved and degraded chemerin. This suggests that increased inflammation in individuals who have T2D or are IR causes more chemerin processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Jonathan Zhou
- University Program in Genetics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA;
| | - Fahim Abbasi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (F.A.); (M.F.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Mohsen Fathzadeh
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (F.A.); (M.F.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Joshua W. Knowles
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; (F.A.); (M.F.); (J.W.K.)
| | - Lawrence L. K. Leung
- Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - John Morser
- Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA;
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin X, Qu J, Yin L, Wang R, Wang X. Aerobic exercise-induced decrease of chemerin improved glucose and lipid metabolism and fatty liver of diabetes mice through key metabolism enzymes and proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023; 1868:159409. [PMID: 37871796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies have implicated an important role of adipokine chemerin in exercise-induced improvements of glycolipid metabolism and fatty liver in diabetes rat, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. This study first used an exogenous chemerin supplement to clarify the roles of decreased chemerin in exercised diabetes mice and possible mechanisms of glucose and lipid metabolism key enzymes and proteins [such as adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4)]. In addition, two kinds of adipose-specific chemerin knockout mice were generated to demonstrate the regulation of chemerin on glucose and lipid metabolism enzymes and proteins. We found that in diabetes mice, exercise-induced improvements of glucose and lipid metabolism and fatty liver, and exercise-induced increases of ATGL, LPL, and GLUT4 in liver, gastrocnemius and fat were reversed by exogenous chemerin. Furthermore, in chemerin knockdown mice, chemerin(-/-)∙adiponectin mice had lower body fat mass, improved blood glucose and lipid, and no fatty liver; while chemerin(-/-)∙fabp4 mice had hyperlipemia and unchanged body fat mass. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), ATGL, LPL, GLUT4 and PEPCK in the liver and gastrocnemius had improve changes in chemerin(-/-)·adiponectin mice while deteriorated alterations in chemerin(-/-)·fabp4 mice, although PPARγ, ATGL, LPL, and GLUT4 increased in the fat of two kinds of chemerin(-/-) mice. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased chemerin exerts an important role in exercise-induced improvements of glucose and lipid metabolism and fatty liver in diabetes mice, which was likely to be through PPARγ mediating elevations of ATGL, LPL and GLUT4 in peripheral metabolic organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Lin
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jing Qu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lijun Yin
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ru Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hussein AA, Ahmed NA, Sakr HI, Atia T, Ahmed OM. Omentin roles in physiology and pathophysiology: an up-to-date comprehensive review. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37994431 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2283685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Omentin (intelectin) was first detected in the visceral omental adipose tissue. It has mainly two isoforms, omentin-1 and -2, with isoform-1 being the main form in human blood. It possesses insulin-sensitizing, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, cardio-protective, and oxidative stress-decreasing effects. Omentin's cardiovascular protective actions are caused by the improved endothelial cell survival and function, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, enhanced vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) relaxation with reduced proliferation, decreased inflammation, and suppressed oxidative stress. Omentin may also have a potential role in different cancer types and rheumatic diseases. Thus, omentin is an excellent therapeutic target in many diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM), metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), inflammatory diseases, and cancer. This review demonstrates the physiological functions of omentin in ameliorating insulin resistance (IR), vascular function, and inflammation and its possible share in managing obesity-linked diseases, such as metabolic disorders, DM, and cardiovascular conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aida A Hussein
- Zoology Department, Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
| | - Noha A Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| | - Hader I Sakr
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Physiology, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek Atia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Osama M Ahmed
- Department of Zoology, Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Onofrei VA, Anisie E, Zamfir CL, Ceasovschih A, Constantin M, Mitu F, Grigorescu ED, Petroaie AD, Timofte DV. Role of Chemerin and Perivascular Adipose Tissue Characteristics on Cardiovascular Risk Assessment by Arterial Stiffness Markers in Patients with Morbid Obesity. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082885. [PMID: 37109222 PMCID: PMC10145532 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The development of arterial stiffness (AS) in obesity is a multifactorial and complex process. The pleomorphic actions of adipokines and their local activity in perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) are potential modulators of AS appearance and progression. We aimed to assess the correlations between two adipokines (chemerin, adiponectin), PVAT morphological changes (adipocyte size, blood vessel wall thickness) and AS parameters in the special subgroup of patients with morbid obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS We enrolled 25 patients with morbid obesity and 25 non-obese patients, who were age- and gender-matched, untreated for cardiovascular risk factors, and admitted to hospital for laparoscopic surgical procedures (bariatric surgery for morbid obesity and non-inflammatory benign pathology surgery for non-obese patients). Before the surgical procedures, we evaluated demographic and anthropometric data and biochemical parameters including the studied adipokines. Arterial stiffness was evaluated using a Medexpert ArteriographTM TL2 device. In both groups, adipocyte size and vascular wall thickness as well as local adiponectin activity were analyzed in PVAT from intraoperative biopsies. RESULTS In our study, adiponectin (p = 0.0003), chemerin (p = 0.0001) and their ratio (p = 0.005) had statistically significant higher mean values in patients with morbid obesity compared to normal-weight patients. In patients with morbid obesity there were significant correlations between chemerin and AS parameters such as aortic pulse wave velocity (p = 0.006) and subendocardial viability index (p = 0.009). In the same group adipocyte size was significantly correlated with another AS parameter, namely, aortic systolic blood pressure (p = 0.030). In normal-weight patients, blood vessel wall thickness positively correlated with AS parameters such as brachial (p = 0.023) and aortic augmentation index (p = 0.023). An important finding was the negative adipoR1 and adipoR2 immunoexpression in PVAT adipocytes of patients with morbid obesity. Additionally, we found significant correlations between blood vessel wall thickness and blood fasting glucose (p < 0.05) in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Chemerin and adipocyte size could be predictive biomarkers for AS in patients with morbid obesity. Given the small number of patients included, our results need further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Aursulesei Onofrei
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, St. Spiridon, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independence Boulevard No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Anisie
- Cardiology Clinic, St. Spiridon, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independence Boulevard No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carmen Lacramioara Zamfir
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandr Ceasovschih
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, St. Spiridon, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independence Boulevard No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mihai Constantin
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Florin Mitu
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Clinic, Pantelimon Halipa Street No. 14, 700661 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Ion C. Brătianu Boulevard No. 1, 030173 Bucharest, Romania
- Romanian Academy of Scientists, Dimitrie Mangeron Boulevard No. 433, 700050 Iasi, Romania
| | - Elena-Daniela Grigorescu
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Antoneta Dacia Petroaie
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniel Vasile Timofte
- Department of Medical Specialties, Grigore T. Popa, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Street No. 16, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Cardiology Clinic, St. Spiridon, Clinical Emergency Hospital, Independence Boulevard No. 1, 700111 Iasi, Romania
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Ion C. Brătianu Boulevard No. 1, 030173 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sahu B, Bal NC. Adipokines from white adipose tissue in regulation of whole body energy homeostasis. Biochimie 2023; 204:92-107. [PMID: 36084909 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Diseases originating from altered energy homeostasis including obesity, and type 2 diabetes are rapidly increasing worldwide. Research in the last few decades on animal models and humans demonstrates that the white adipose tissue (WAT) is critical for energy balance and more than just an energy storage site. WAT orchestrates the whole-body metabolism through inter-organ crosstalk primarily mediated by cytokines named "Adipokines". The adipokines influence metabolism and fuel selection of the skeletal muscle and liver thereby fine-tuning the load on WAT itself in physiological conditions like starvation, exercise and cold. In addition, adipokine secretion is influenced by various pathological conditions like obesity, inflammation and diabetes. In this review, we have surveyed the current state of knowledge on important adipokines and their significance in regulating energy balance and metabolic diseases. Furthermore, we have summarized the interplay of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adipokines in the modulation of pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bijayashree Sahu
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| | - Naresh C Bal
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang B, Kou W, Ji S, Shen R, Ji H, Zhuang J, Zhao Y, Li B, Peng W, Yu X, Li H, Xu Y. Prognostic value of plasma adipokine chemerin in patients with coronary artery disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:968349. [PMID: 36158825 PMCID: PMC9493186 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.968349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipokine chemerin was proven to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD), but its prognostic implications in CAD remain unclear. Methods This study consists of two parts, one is a basic study and the other is a clinical cohort study. First, we investigated the differential expression of six adipokines in the atherosclerotic mice model compared to mice with milder degrees of atherosclerosis and mice without atherosclerosis using microarray data. We then examined the potential of chemerin as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator in a CAD cohort. A total of 152 patients were enrolled in our study, including 77 patients with angiographically proven CAD and 75 control subjects without cardiovascular disease. Plasma adipokine chemerin levels were measured in all patients, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were followed up, including ischemic stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, revascularization, and cardiovascular death. Results In the aortas of atherosclerotic mice, chemerin expression was up-regulated compared to control mice. The plasma chemerin levels of CAD patients were higher than those of non-CAD patients (128.93 ± 37.06 vs. 109.85 ± 27.47 mmol/L, respectively, P < 0.001). High chemerin levels were an independent predictor of CAD (β = 2.702, 95% CI, 1.344–5.431, P = 0.001). We followed up with patients for a median duration of 5.5 years (3.9–5.6). The Kaplan–Meier curves showed that patients in the high chemerin group had a significantly higher risk of MACEs than the low chemerin group in patients with CAD (log-rank P = 0.003), not with non-CAD (Log-rank P = 0.120). Furthermore, Cox multivariate analysis revealed that high chemerin levels were an independent predictor of MACEs (HR 2.267; 95% CI, 1.139–4.515; P = 0.020). Finally, the cellular study showed that chemerin is predominantly expressed in PBMC-derived macrophages. Conclusion Plasma chemerin levels were increased in the CAD patients, and a high chemerin level increased the risk of MACEs in CAD patients.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zerón H, Sosa García B, Hinojosa Juárez A, García García MC, Pérez-Amado C, Jiménez-Morales S. Retinoic acid receptor responder protein 2 and intelectin-1 in visceral adipose tissue from pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. MEDICAL JOURNAL OF DR. D.Y. PATIL VIDYAPEETH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mjdrdypu.mjdrdypu_869_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
8
|
Jun L, Lin-lin S, Hui S. Chemerin promotes microangiopathy in diabetic retinopathy via activation of ChemR23 in rat primary microvascular endothelial cells. Mol Vis 2021; 27:575-587. [PMID: 34531648 PMCID: PMC8421059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The correlation between chemerin and diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been demonstrated previously. We aimed to investigate the potential inflammatory and angiogenic roles of chemerin in DR using rat primary retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RRMECs). Methods RRMECs were incubated in low- and high-glucose media, and stable chemerin receptor (ChemR23) knockdown in RRMECs was established by lentiviral infection. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and western blotting were employed to investigate the mRNA and protein expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and the interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) to explore the inflammatory and angiogenic effects of chemerin. A scratch assay was employed to evaluate the effect of chemerin on RRMEC migration. Results Chemerin and TNF-α markedly increased the mRNA and protein expression of ICAM-1 in RRMECs (p<0.001). ChemR23 knockdown may have decreased the ICAM-1 expression under low- and high-glucose conditions (p<0.001). Even in the ChemR23-knockdown group, TNF-α significantly increased the mRNA and protein levels of ICAM-1 under low- and high-glucose conditions (p<0.001). Chemerin promoted VEGF expression under low- and high-glucose conditions. ChemR23 knockdown markedly decreased VEGF levels under low- and high-glucose conditions (p<0.05) and significantly decreased RRMEC migration (p<0.001). Conclusions Chemerin promotes the expression of ICAM-1, the secretion of VEGF, and the migration of RRMECs via the activation of ChemR23.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Jun
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Clinical College of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Lin-lin
- Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, School of Optometry & Eye Institute Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Song Hui
- Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Clinical College of Ophthalmology Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ferland DJ, Mullick AE, Watts SW. Chemerin as a Driver of Hypertension: A Consideration. Am J Hypertens 2020; 33:975-986. [PMID: 32453820 PMCID: PMC7759724 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The protein chemerin (tazarotene-induced gene, TIG2; RARRES2) is a relatively new adipokine. Many studies support that circulating chemerin levels associate strongly and positively with body mass index, visceral fat, and blood pressure. Here, we focus on the specific relationship of chemerin and blood pressure with the goal of understanding whether and how chemerin drives (pathological) changes in blood pressure such that it could be interfered with therapeutically. We dissect the biosynthesis of chemerin and how current antihypertensive medications change chemerin metabolism. This is followed with a review of what is known about where chemerin is synthesized in the body and what chemerin and its receptors can do to the physiological function of organs important to blood pressure determination (e.g., brain, heart, kidneys, blood vessels, adrenal, and sympathetic nervous system). We synthesize from the literature our best understanding of the mechanisms by which chemerin modifies blood pressure, with knowledge that plasma/serum levels of chemerin may be limited in their pathological relevance. This review reveals several gaps in our knowledge of chemerin biology that could be filled by the collective work of protein chemists, biologists, pharmacologists, and clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David J Ferland
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Adam E Mullick
- Cardiovascular Antisense Drug Discovery, Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Carlsbad, California, USA
| | - Stephanie W Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wójcik M, Kozioł-Kozakowska A, Januś D, Furtak A, Małek A, Sztefko K, Starzyk JB. Circulating chemerin level may be associated with early vascular pathology in obese children without overt arterial hypertension - preliminary results. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2020; 33:729-734. [PMID: 32469331 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2019-0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Elevated chemerin level is observed in patients with arterial hypertension. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between chemerin level, and parameters of blood pressure and arterial stiffness in children and adolescents with obesity but without arterial hypertension. Methods In 23 children with obesity (13 girls, mean age 9.3, SD 1.9, mean BMI SDS 3.9, SD 1.7) 24 h ABPM (Spacelabs 90,217, USA), common carotids and abdominal aorta intima media thickness measurements (Voluson 730, GE Medical System 8.5 and 3.5 MHz probes), body composition analysis (Tanita BC 418 S MA, Tokyo, Japan) were performed. Glucose, triglycerides, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, liver enzymes, uric acid, creatinine, sodium, insulin and chemerin levels were assessed in blood sample taken after a 12-h fasting period. Results There was a significant correlation of circulating chemerin level with systolic blood pressure load in ABPM (r=0.5, p<0.05). Conclusion Elevated chemerin level may be associated with increased systolic blood pressure in obese children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Wójcik
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Pediatric Institute, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Ul. Wielicka 265, 30-663, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kozioł-Kozakowska
- Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dominika Januś
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Furtak
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Małek
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krystyna Sztefko
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Jerzy B Starzyk
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Endocrinology, Chair of Pediatrics, Institute of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tafere GG, Wondafrash DZ, Zewdie KA, Assefa BT, Ayza MA. Plasma Adipsin as a Biomarker and Its Implication in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:1855-1861. [PMID: 32547147 PMCID: PMC7264027 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s253967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide health threat affecting millions of people, which is associated with different micro- and macro-vascular complications. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the different types of DM caused by insulin resistance and/or reduced secretion of insulin from the pancreas. A validated novel biomarker is required to enhance the accuracy of disease prediction, provide novel insights into pathophysiology and contribute to future prevention of T2DM. Various newer diagnostic methods have been developed by targeting endogenous proteins among which Adipsin is one of the promising target. Therefore, this review discusses Adipsin as a potential biomarker and its implication in T2DM. Adipsin is one of the adipokines secreted by adipose tissues which is involved in maintaining adipose tissue homeostasis and increasing insulin secretion in response to glucose. According to different experimental and clinical studies, plasma Adipsin concentrations are low in animals and patients with DM which support its use as a biomarker in combination to the other diagnostic modalities for DM. Additionally, the existence of Adipsin could be important in improving hyperglycemia by preserving β-cell mass through improving β-cell survival and maintaining their transcriptional identity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Kaleab Alemayehu Zewdie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Brhane Teklebrhan Assefa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Altaye Ayza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Serum chemerin and visfatin levels and their ratio as possible diagnostic parameters of rheumatoid arthritis. Reumatologia 2020; 58:67-75. [PMID: 32476678 PMCID: PMC7249522 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2020.95359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the synovium and articular cartilage that initiates joint damage. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a change in many inflammatory biomarkers. The present study aims to examine the diagnostic ability of inflammatory adipocytokines (chemerin and visfatin) and their ratio for RA disease. Material and methods The study recruited 60 RA patients and 30 healthy controls. Serum visfatin and chemerin were measured using the ELISA technique. Some related parameters including body mass index (BMI), lipid profile components, C-reactive protein (CRP), and uric acid levels were also determined and correlated with the level of these adipokines. Results Serum chemerin, visfatin, CRP, and uric acid (UA) levels were significantly higher (p< 0.05) in RA patients than those of the control group. The multivariate general linear model (GLM) analysis showed that 70.7% of the change in the level of measured parameters can be explained by the presence of RA disease (partial η2 = 0.707, p< 0.001). To explore which parameter was affected by the diagnosis, the results of tests between subjects showed that all biomarkers were affected significantly by the diagnosis and the greater effects were on CRP (partial η2 = 0.480, p< 0.001) followed by chemerin (partial η2 = 0.295, p< 0.001), while visfatinshowed partial η2 = 0.079 only. Chemerin showed the highest sensitivity (88.1%) and specificity (75.9%) for diagnosis of RA at cut-off concentration = 187.88 ng/ml as compared with other parameters. Conclusions Chemerin and visfatin levels are affected by RA disease when adjusted for other cofounders. The present results suggest that serum chemerin can be used as an inflammatory marker of RA patients as it has good sensitivity and specificity.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ministrini S, Ricci MA, Nulli Migliola E, De Vuono S, D'Abbondanza M, Paganelli MT, Vaudo G, Siepi D, Lupattelli G. Chemerin predicts carotid intima-media thickening in severe obesity. Eur J Clin Invest 2020; 50:e13256. [PMID: 32350849 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chemerin is an adipokine with an emerging role in the crosstalk between adipose tissue and immune system. It is overexpressed in severe obesity, affects adipogenesis and glucose homeostasis and it correlates with early vascular damage. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between circulating levels of chemerin and early vascular damage in subjects with severe obesity, before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). METHODS Fifty-six obese subjects eligible for LSG were enrolled in the study. The following parameters were evaluated: body mass index (BMI), glycemia, insulinemia, glycated haemoglobin, lipid profile, plasma chemerin levels and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). Fifty-four subjects were evaluated 1 year after the intervention. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed a direct and significant correlation between chemerin and waist circumference, insulin resistance, glycated haemoglobin and cIMT. Chemerin was a better predictor of intima-media thickening than waist circumference and glycated haemoglobin at the ROC curve analysis, with a cut-off value for chemerin of 140 ng/mL. The reduction of chemerin is independently associated with the reduction of cIMT and the improvement of insulin sensitivity after LSG. CONCLUSION Chemerin is involved in the development and progression of early vascular damage and insulin resistance in subjects with severe obesity, and in their healing after bariatric surgery. Chemerin could also have a role in the assessment of cardiovascular risk in subjects with severe obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ministrini
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Anastasia Ricci
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elisa Nulli Migliola
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano De Vuono
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco D'Abbondanza
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Paganelli
- General Surgery, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gaetano Vaudo
- Internal Medicine, "Santa Maria" University Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera di Terni, Perugia, Italy
| | - Donatella Siepi
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Graziana Lupattelli
- Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li H, Zhan J, Liao B, Wang Y, Liu Y. Plasma levels of adiponectin and chemerin are associated with early stage of atherosclerosis in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aging Med (Milton) 2019; 2:198-206. [PMID: 34553107 PMCID: PMC8445043 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adipokines, such as adiponectin and chemerin, regulate fat metabolism and are critical for the development of atherosclerosis. Investigating the correlations of adiponectin and chemerin with atherosclerosis in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) will shed light on the search for new markers for early diagnosis of diabetic atherosclerosis. METHODS A total of 120 older T2DM patients and nine healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The clinical parameters, such as brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV), adiponectin, and chemerin, were examined and recorded. T2DM subjects were divided into three groups according to ba-PWV level (high, medium, or low). The data were processed and analyzed by identical methods. RESULTS Significantly higher chemerin and lower adiponectin levels were detected in the plasma of T2DM patients than in healthy controls. The plasma levels of chemerin and adiponectin were negatively correlated in T2DM patients. Moreover, chemerin and adiponectin were significantly correlated with body mass index, ankle-brachial index, insulin, and ba-PWV. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that chemerin and adiponectin were independently affecting ba-PWV. CONCLUSION Adiponectin and chemerin are potential markers for diagnosis and monitoring of early stage of atherosclerosis in older adults with T2DM. Further clinical investigations are required to confirm these markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Li
- Department of GeriatricsThe Hunan Provincial People's HospitalFirst Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Junkun Zhan
- Department of GeriatricsThe Second Xiang‐Ya HospitalInstitute of Aging and Geriatric ResearchCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Bin Liao
- Department of GeriatricsThe Hunan Provincial People's HospitalFirst Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yanjiao Wang
- Department of GeriatricsThe Second Xiang‐Ya HospitalInstitute of Aging and Geriatric ResearchCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Youshuo Liu
- Department of GeriatricsThe Second Xiang‐Ya HospitalInstitute of Aging and Geriatric ResearchCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Adipose Tissue-Derived Signatures for Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Adipokines, Batokines and MicroRNAs. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060854. [PMID: 31208019 PMCID: PMC6617388 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
: Obesity is one of the main risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is closely related to metabolic disturbances in the adipose tissue that primarily functions as a fat reservoir. For this reason, adipose tissue is considered as the primary site for initiation and aggravation of obesity and T2DM. As a key endocrine organ, the adipose tissue communicates with other organs, such as the brain, liver, muscle, and pancreas, for the maintenance of energy homeostasis. Two different types of adipose tissues-the white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT)-secrete bioactive peptides and proteins, known as "adipokines" and "batokines," respectively. Some of them have beneficial anti-inflammatory effects, while others have harmful inflammatory effects. Recently, "exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs)" were identified as novel adipokines, as adipose tissue-derived exosomal miRNAs can affect other organs. In the present review, we discuss the role of adipose-derived secretory factors-adipokines, batokines, and exosomal miRNA-in obesity and T2DM. It will provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in disturbances of adipose-derived factors and will support the development of adipose-derived factors as potential therapeutic targets for obesity and T2DM.
Collapse
|
16
|
Loader J, Khouri C, Taylor F, Stewart S, Lorenzen C, Cracowski JL, Walther G, Roustit M. The continuums of impairment in vascular reactivity across the spectrum of cardiometabolic health: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2019; 20:906-920. [PMID: 30887713 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess, for the first time, the change in vascular reactivity across the full spectrum of cardiometabolic health. Systematic searches were conducted in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from their inception to March 13, 2017, including studies that assessed basal vascular reactivity in two or more of the following health groups (aged ≥18 years old): healthy, overweight, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, metabolic syndrome, or type 2 diabetes with or without complications. Direct and indirect comparisons of vascular reactivity were combined using a network meta-analysis. Comparing data from 193 articles (7226 healthy subjects and 19344 patients), the network meta-analyses revealed a progressive impairment in vascular reactivity (flow-mediated dilation data) from the clinical onset of an overweight status (-0.41%, 95% CI, -0.98 to 0.15) through to the development of vascular complications in those with type 2 diabetes (-4.26%, 95% CI, -4.97 to -3.54). Meta-regressions revealed that for every 1 mmol/l increase in fasting blood glucose concentration, flow-mediated dilation decreased by 0.52%. Acknowledging that the time course of disease may vary between patients, this study demonstrates multiple continuums of vascular dysfunction where the severity of impairment in vascular reactivity progressively increases throughout the pathogenesis of obesity and/or insulin resistance, providing information that is important to enhancing the timing and effectiveness of strategies that aim to improve cardiovascular outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Loader
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,LAPEC EA4278, Avignon Université, Avignon, France
| | - Charles Khouri
- Inserm U1042, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Clinical Pharmacology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Frances Taylor
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon Stewart
- Hatter Institute for Reducing Cardiovascular Disease in Africa, The University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Christian Lorenzen
- School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jean-Luc Cracowski
- Inserm U1042, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Clinical Pharmacology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Walther
- LAPEC EA4278, Avignon Université, Avignon, France.,School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthieu Roustit
- Inserm U1042, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,Clinical Pharmacology, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chemerin in human cardiovascular disease. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 110:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
18
|
Watts SW, Darios ES, Mullick AE, Garver H, Saunders TL, Hughes ED, Filipiak WE, Zeidler MG, McMullen N, Sinal CJ, Kumar RK, Ferland DJ, Fink GD. The chemerin knockout rat reveals chemerin dependence in female, but not male, experimental hypertension. FASEB J 2018; 32:fj201800479. [PMID: 29906243 PMCID: PMC6219827 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201800479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Measures of the adipokine chemerin are elevated in multiple cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, but little mechanistic work has been done to implicate chemerin as being causative in such diseases. The chemerin knockout (KO) rat was created to test the hypothesis that removal of chemerin would reduce pressure in the normal and hypertensive state. Western analyses confirmed loss of chemerin in the plasma and tissues of the KO vs. wild-type (WT) rats. Chemerin concentration in plasma and tissues was lower in WT females than in WT males, as determined by Western analysis. Conscious male and female KO rats had modest differences in baseline measures vs. the WT that included systolic, diastolic, mean arterial and pulse pressures, and heart rate, all measured telemetrically. The mineralocorticoid deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and salt water, combined with uninephrectomy as a hypertensive stimulus, elevated mean and systolic blood pressures of the male KO higher than the male WT. By contrast, all pressures in the female KO were lower than their WT throughout DOCA-salt treatment. These results revealed an unexpected sex difference in chemerin expression and the ability of chemerin to modify blood pressure in response to a hypertensive challenge.-Watts, S. W., Darios, E. S., Mullick, A. E., Garver, H., Saunders, T. L., Hughes, E. D., Filipiak, W. E., Zeidler, M. G., McMullen, N., Sinal, C. J., Kumar, R. K., Ferland, D. J., Fink, G. D. The chemerin knockout rat reveals chemerin dependence in female, but not male, experimental hypertension.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie W. Watts
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Emma S. Darios
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | | | - Hannah Garver
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Thomas L. Saunders
- University of Michigan Transgenic Animal Model Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Division of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Elizabeth D. Hughes
- University of Michigan Transgenic Animal Model Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Wanda E. Filipiak
- University of Michigan Transgenic Animal Model Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael G. Zeidler
- University of Michigan Transgenic Animal Model Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Nichole McMullen
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | | | - Ramya K. Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - David J. Ferland
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Gregory D. Fink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zylla S, Dörr M, Völzke H, Schminke U, Felix SB, Nauck M, Friedrich N. Association of Circulating Chemerin With Subclinical Parameters of Atherosclerosis: Results of a Population-Based Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:1656-1664. [PMID: 29853566 PMCID: PMC6039419 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective— Chemerin has been shown to be associated with inflammation and metabolic syndrome, which are in turn leading risk factors for atherosclerosis. A few clinical studies have concentrated on the role of chemerin in atherosclerosis but revealed divergent findings. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association of plasma chemerin levels with different subclinical measurements of atherosclerosis in a population-based sample. Approach and Results— Linear and logistic regression models with different atherosclerotic parameters as subclinical outcomes were applied to analyze data from 4003 subjects of the SHIP (Study of Health in Pomerania). After adjustment for metabolic and inflammatory parameters, these models revealed no association of chemerin with carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaque, or carotid stenosis but a significant inverse association between chemerin and ankle-brachial index. In detail, logistic regression analysis showed that a 25-ng/mL increase in chemerin was associated with a 30% higher odd (95% confidence interval, 1.20–1.41) of having an ankle-brachial index value below the 25th age- and sex-specific quartile. Conclusions— Our analyses revealed a modest inverse association between chemerin and ankle-brachial index that remained consistent after adjustment for metabolic and inflammatory parameters. The association of chemerin with carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaque, or carotid stenosis was not significant after adjustment for the same confounder set. The investigated subclinical atherosclerotic parameters are representative for the atherosclerotic burden of different arterial regions and different disease stages. Thus, our results might suggest that the value of chemerin as a marker of higher atherosclerotic risk differs depending on the affected arterial region and disease stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Zylla
- From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (S.Z., M.N., N.F.) .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (S.Z., M.D., H.V., S.B.F., M.N., N.F.)
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B (M.D., S.B.F.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (S.Z., M.D., H.V., S.B.F., M.N., N.F.)
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine (H.V.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (S.Z., M.D., H.V., S.B.F., M.N., N.F.)
| | - Ulf Schminke
- Department of Neurology (U.S.), University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan B Felix
- Department of Internal Medicine B (M.D., S.B.F.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (S.Z., M.D., H.V., S.B.F., M.N., N.F.)
| | - Matthias Nauck
- From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (S.Z., M.N., N.F.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (S.Z., M.D., H.V., S.B.F., M.N., N.F.)
| | - Nele Friedrich
- From the Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (S.Z., M.N., N.F.).,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Germany (S.Z., M.D., H.V., S.B.F., M.N., N.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kammerer A, Staab H, Herberg M, Kerner C, Klöting N, Aust G. Increased circulating chemerin in patients with advanced carotid stenosis. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:65. [PMID: 29653511 PMCID: PMC5899364 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0803-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chemerin is an adipokine which plays a crucial role in atherosclerosis. Here, we examined whether circulating chemerin is enhanced in patients with advanced carotid stenosis. Methods Chemerin was quantified in 178 patients prior to carotid end arterectomy (CEA) and in age- and gender-matched controls (n = 163). Chemerin levels were related to anthropometric, clinical and metabolic characteristics of the patients. Results Chemerin levels were higher in patients compared to controls (p < 0.001). Chemerin correlated to parameters associated with inflammation such as C-reactive protein (CRP, p < 0.001), leukocyte blood count (p < 0.001) and circulating TNF-α (p = 0.004) in the patients. Chemerin levels did not differ between asymptomatic (n = 93) and symptomatic patients who experienced an ischemic event within 6 months prior to CEA (n = 85). However, in the case of high-grade carotid stenosis (≥ 90%), chemerin levels were higher in symptomatic (n = 44) compared to asymptomatic patients (n = 41, p = 0.014). Chemerin was increased in patients with (n = 50) compared to patients without (n = 128) coronary artery disease (CAD, p = 0.002). A high level of chemerin increases the risk for CAD in patients (p = 0.0013). Conclusions Circulating chemerin is increased and correlates to inflammatory parameters in patients with advanced carotid stenosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kammerer
- Research Laboratories; Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Leipzig University, Liebigstr. 19, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Staab
- Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Medical Centre Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maria Herberg
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christine Kerner
- Research Laboratories; Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Leipzig University, Liebigstr. 19, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nora Klöting
- IFB Adiposity Disease, Junior Research Group 2, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gabriela Aust
- Research Laboratories; Clinic for Visceral, Transplantation, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Leipzig University, Liebigstr. 19, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Dimitriadis GK, Kaur J, Adya R, Miras AD, Mattu HS, Hattersley JG, Kaltsas G, Tan BK, Randeva HS. Chemerin induces endothelial cell inflammation: activation of nuclear factor-kappa beta and monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Oncotarget 2018; 9:16678-16690. [PMID: 29682177 PMCID: PMC5908278 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemerin, a chemoattractant protein, acts via a G-protein coupled chemokine receptor, i.e. Chemokine like Receptor 1/ChemR23; levels of which are elevated in pro-inflammatory states such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Obesity and T2DM patients are at high risk of developing cardiovascular disorders such as atherosclerosis. We have reported that chemerin induces human endothelial cell angiogenesis and since dysregulated angiogenesis and endothelial dysfunction are hallmarks of vascular disease; we sought to determine the effects of chemerin on monocyte-endothelial adhesion, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), a critical pro-inflammatory transcription factor. Human endothelial cells were transfected with pNF-kappaB-Luc plasmid. Chemerin induced NF-κB activation via the MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways. Western blot analyses and monocyte-endothelial adhesion assay showed that chemerin increased endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression and secretion, namely E-selectin (Endothelial Selectin), VCAM-1 (Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1) and ICAM-1 (Intracellular Adhesion Molecule-1), leading to enhancement of monocyte-endothelial adhesion. Additionally, we showed a synergistic response of the pro-inflammatory mediator, Interleukin-1β with chemerin induced effects. Chemerin plays an important role in endothelial inflammation, as it induces monocyte-endothelial adhesion, a critical step in the development of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios K Dimitriadis
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Division of Endocrinology and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, UK.,WISDEM Centre, Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Raghu Adya
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Alexander D Miras
- Division of Endocrinology and Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, London, UK
| | - Harman S Mattu
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - John G Hattersley
- WISDEM Centre, Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- WISDEM Centre, Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - Bee K Tan
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Harpal S Randeva
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,WISDEM Centre, Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.,Division of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
El husseny MWA, Mamdouh M, Shaban S, Ibrahim Abushouk A, Zaki MMM, Ahmed OM, Abdel-Daim MM. Adipokines: Potential Therapeutic Targets for Vascular Dysfunction in Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity. J Diabetes Res 2017; 2017:8095926. [PMID: 28286779 PMCID: PMC5327767 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8095926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are bioactive molecules that regulate several physiological functions such as energy balance, insulin sensitization, appetite regulation, inflammatory response, and vascular homeostasis. They include proinflammatory cytokines such as adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as adiponectin, as well as vasodilator and vasoconstrictor molecules. In obesity and type II diabetes mellitus (DM), insulin resistance causes impairment of the endocrine function of the perivascular adipose tissue, an imbalance in the secretion of vasoconstrictor and vasodilator molecules, and an increased production of reactive oxygen species. Recent studies have shown that targeting plasma levels of adipokines or the expression of their receptors can increase insulin sensitivity, improve vascular function, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several reviews have discussed the potential of adipokines as therapeutic targets for type II DM and obesity; however, this review is the first to focus on their therapeutic potential for vascular dysfunction in type II DM and obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Wanees Ahmed El husseny
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
- NovaMed Medical Research Association, Cairo, Egypt
- Fayoum Medical Student Association, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Sara Shaban
- Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | | | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kennedy AJ, Yang P, Read C, Kuc RE, Yang L, Taylor EJA, Taylor CW, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP. Chemerin Elicits Potent Constrictor Actions via Chemokine-Like Receptor 1 (CMKLR1), not G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 1 (GPR1), in Human and Rat Vasculature. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e004421. [PMID: 27742615 PMCID: PMC5121526 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating levels of chemerin are significantly higher in hypertensive patients and positively correlate with blood pressure. Chemerin activates chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1 or ChemR23) and is proposed to activate the "orphan" G-protein-coupled receptor 1 (GPR1), which has been linked with hypertension. Our aim was to localize chemerin, CMKLR1, and GPR1 in the human vasculature and determine whether 1 or both of these receptors mediate vasoconstriction. METHODS AND RESULTS Using immunohistochemistry and molecular biology in conduit arteries and veins and resistance vessels, we localized chemerin to endothelium, smooth muscle, and adventitia and found that CMKLR1 and GPR1 were widely expressed in smooth muscle. C9 (chemerin149-157) contracted human saphenous vein (pD2=7.30±0.31) and resistance arteries (pD2=7.05±0.54) and increased blood pressure in rats by 9.1±1.0 mm Hg at 200 nmol. Crucially, these in vitro and in vivo vascular actions were blocked by CCX832, which we confirmed to be highly selective for CMKLR1 over GPR1. C9 inhibited cAMP accumulation in human aortic smooth muscle cells and preconstricted rat aorta, consistent with the observed vasoconstrictor action. Downstream signaling was explored further and, compared to chemerin, C9 showed a bias factor=≈5000 for the Gi protein pathway, suggesting that CMKLR1 exhibits biased agonism. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that chemerin acts at CMKLR1, but not GPR1, to increase blood pressure. Chemerin has an established detrimental role in metabolic syndrome, and these direct vascular actions may contribute to hypertension, an additional risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study provides proof of principle for the therapeutic potential of selective CMKLR1 antagonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Kennedy
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Peiran Yang
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Cai Read
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rhoda E Kuc
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Yang
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Emily J A Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Janet J Maguire
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony P Davenport
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Chen HY, Chiu YL, Hsu SP, Pai MF, Yang JY, Wu HY, Peng YS. Reappraisal of effects of serum chemerin and adiponectin levels and nutritional status on cardiovascular outcomes in prevalent hemodialysis patients. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34128. [PMID: 27667092 PMCID: PMC5036174 DOI: 10.1038/srep34128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although chemerin, an adipokine, increases the cardiovascular (CV) risk in obese people, it is associated with a survival advantage in incident hemodialysis (HD) patients. We explored the potential effects of chemerin on CV outcomes in prevalent HD patients. This prospective study included 343 prevalent HD patients. The composite outcome was the occurrence of CV events and death during follow-up. We used multivariate Cox regression analysis to test the predictive power of different chemerin and adiponectin levels and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) for the outcomes. HD patients with higher chemerin levels (≥211.4 ng/mL) had a lower risk of CV events (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.41-0.98) and composite CV outcome (adjusted HR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45-0.99) than those with lower chemerin levels (<211.4 ng/mL). When evaluating CV outcomes, we identified an interaction between chemerin levels and GNRI, but not between chemerin and adiponectin levels. The findings remained robust in the sensitivity analysis. Thus, in prevalent HD patients with negligible residual renal function, higher chemerin levels predict more favourable CV outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yuan Chen
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lin Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Ping Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Fen Pai
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ju-Yeh Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Yen Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sen Peng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Villegas-Rodríguez ME, Uribarri J, Solorio-Meza SE, Fajardo-Araujo ME, Cai W, Torres-Graciano S, Rangel-Salazar R, Wrobel K, Garay-Sevilla ME. The AGE-RAGE Axis and Its Relationship to Markers of Cardiovascular Disease in Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Patients. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159175. [PMID: 27434539 PMCID: PMC4951143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The purpose of the study was the simultaneous measurement of all the different components of the AGE-RAGE axis as well as several non-invasive markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a cohort of newly diagnosed diabetic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 80 newly diagnosed diabetic patients we measured serum carboxymethyllysine (CML), soluble RAGE (sRAGE) and peripheral mononuclear (PMNC) RAGE and AGER1 mRNA together with ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and malondialdehyde (MDA). We also assessed cardiovascular function by measurement of flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), intima-media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness. Univariant correlation analysis was used to determine correlation between the variables in the study and multiple regression analysis was used to examine the association between the AGE-RAGE axis components and FMD, IMT and arterial stiffness. RESULTS Serum CML correlated positively with sRAGE, PMNC RAGE, HOMA-IR, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and MDA, but inversely with PMNC AGER1. sRAGE and RAGE was positively correlated with AGER; IMT was positively correlated with HOMA-IR, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MDA, and sRAGE and arterial stiffness had correlation with HOMA-IR, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, MDA, CML, sRAGE, AGER1 and RAGE. In multivariate analysis we found a significant relationship between CML with PMNC RAGE, HOMA-IR; sRAGE with VCAM-1 and MDA; PMNC RAGE with PMNC AGER1and CML; PMNC AGER1 with PMNC RAGE; FMD with sRAGE, CML and HbA1c; IMT with sRAGE, and arterial stiffness with sRAGE, sCML and AGER1. CONCLUSIONS We found significant and strong associations between the different components of the AGE-RAGE axis and also found significant association between AGE-RAGE axis markers, especially sRAGE with several noninvasive markers of cardiovascular disease risk. sRAGE, an easily measured parameter in blood, may potentially be used as a surrogate marker of AGEs-RAGE in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jaime Uribarri
- Department of Medicine. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | | | - Martha E. Fajardo-Araujo
- Department of Medical Science. Division of Health Science. University of Guanajuato Campus. León, Guanajuato, México
| | - Weijing Cai
- Department of Medicine. The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Sofía Torres-Graciano
- Department of Medical Science. Division of Health Science. University of Guanajuato Campus. León, Guanajuato, México
| | - Rubén Rangel-Salazar
- Department of Medical Science. Division of Health Science. University of Guanajuato Campus. León, Guanajuato, México
| | - Kazimierz Wrobel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
| | - Ma. Eugenia Garay-Sevilla
- Department of Medical Science. Division of Health Science. University of Guanajuato Campus. León, Guanajuato, México
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|