1
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Zhou B, Fan Z, He G, Zhang W, Yang G, Ye L, Xu J, Liu R. SHP2 mutations promote glycolysis and inhibit apoptosis via PKM2/hnRNPK signaling in colorectal cancer. iScience 2024; 27:110462. [PMID: 39104405 PMCID: PMC11298658 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal tumors. Src homology-2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) mutations occur in human solid tumors, including CRC. However, the function and underlying mechanism in CRC have not been well characterized. We demonstrated that the SHP2D61Y and SHP2E76K mutations occurred in CRC tissues, and these mutations promoted CRC cell proliferation, migration/invasion, and reduced CDDP-induced cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SHP2D61Y and SHP2E76K promote glycolysis by accelerating pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) nuclear translocation through mechanism beyond ERK activation. PKM2-IN-1 attenuates PKM2-dependent glycolysis and reduce glucose uptake, lactate production, and ATP levels promoted by SHP2D61Y and SHP2E76K in CRC cells. Furthermore, PKM2 upregulates heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) expression and increases CRC cell proliferation and migration/invasion via regulating hnRNPK ubiquitination. These findings provide evidence that SHP2D61Y and SHP2E76K regulate CDDP-induced apoptosis, glucose metabolism, and CRC migration/invasion through PKM2 nuclear translocation and PKM2/hnRNPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhuoyang Fan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guodong He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Technology, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guowei Yang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lechi Ye
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jianmin Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Colorectal Cancer Minimally Invasive Technology, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rong Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai 200032, China
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2
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Zandhuis ND, Guislain A, Popalzij A, Engels S, Popović B, Turner M, Wolkers MC. Regulation of IFN-γ production by ZFP36L2 in T cells is time-dependent. Eur J Immunol 2024:e2451018. [PMID: 38980256 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202451018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
CD8+ T cells kill target cells by releasing cytotoxic molecules and proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF and IFN-γ. The magnitude and duration of cytokine production are defined by posttranscriptional regulation, and critical regulator herein are RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Although the functional importance of RBPs in regulating cytokine production is established, the kinetics and mode of action through which RBPs control cytokine production are not well understood. Previously, we showed that the RBP ZFP36L2 blocks the translation of preformed cytokine encoding mRNA in quiescent memory T cells. Here, we uncover that ZFP36L2 regulates cytokine production in a time-dependent manner. T cell-specific deletion of ZFP36L2 (CD4-cre) had no effect on T-cell development or cytokine production during early time points (2-6 h) of T-cell activation. In contrast, ZFP36L2 specifically dampened the production of IFN-γ during prolonged T-cell activation (20-48 h). ZFP36L2 deficiency also resulted in increased production of IFN-γ production in tumor-infiltrating T cells that are chronically exposed to antigens. Mechanistically, ZFP36L2 regulates IFN-γ production at late time points of activation by destabilizing Ifng mRNA in an AU-rich element-dependent manner. Together, our results reveal that ZFP36L2 employs different regulatory nodules in effector and memory T cells to regulate cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nordin D Zandhuis
- Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Department of Research, T cell differentiation Lab, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Aurélie Guislain
- Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Department of Research, T cell differentiation Lab, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Abeera Popalzij
- Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Department of Research, T cell differentiation Lab, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Engels
- Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Department of Research, T cell differentiation Lab, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Branka Popović
- Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Department of Research, T cell differentiation Lab, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Turner
- Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Monika C Wolkers
- Sanquin Blood Supply Foundation, Department of Research, T cell differentiation Lab, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Cancer center Amsterdam, Cancer Immunology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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3
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Xu Y, Xu H, Cheng X, Chen N, Wang Y, Huang Y, Guo J, Zheng Y, Zhang M, Du C, Zhao C, Li C, Zhang P. Deletion of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K in satellite cells leads to inhibited skeletal muscle regeneration in mice. Genes Dis 2024; 11:101062. [PMID: 38510474 PMCID: PMC10950818 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yongjie Xu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountain, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountain, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Xiaofang Cheng
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountain, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Nuo Chen
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Yueru Huang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Jiahua Guo
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Yueqian Zheng
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Mengjia Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Chunyu Du
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Cunzhen Zhao
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountain, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Cencen Li
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountain, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
| | - Pengpeng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountain, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, China
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Yan R, Song Y, Liu D, Yu W, Sun Y, Tang C, Yang X, Ding W, Yu N, Zhang Z, Ling M, Li X, Zhao C, Xing Y. Multi-omics reveals the role of MCM2 and hnRNP K phosphorylation in mouse renal aging through genomic instability. Exp Cell Res 2024; 440:114115. [PMID: 38844260 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The process of aging is characterized by structural degeneration and functional decline, as well as diminished adaptability and resistance. The aging kidney exhibits a variety of structural and functional impairments. In aging mice, thinning and graying of fur were observed, along with a significant increase in kidney indices compared to young mice. Biochemical indicators revealed elevated levels of creatinine, urea nitrogen and serum uric acid, suggesting impaired kidney function. Histological analysis unveiled glomerular enlargement and sclerosis, severe hyaline degeneration, capillary occlusion, lymphocyte infiltration, tubular and glomerular fibrosis, and increased collagen deposition. Observations under electron microscopy showed thickened basement membranes, altered foot processes, and increased mesangium and mesangial matrix. Molecular marker analysis indicated upregulation of aging-related β-galactosidase, p16-INK4A, and the DNA damage marker γH2AX in the kidneys of aged mice. In metabolomics, a total of 62 significantly different metabolites were identified, and 10 pathways were enriched. We propose that citrulline, dopamine, and indoxyl sulfate have the potential to serve as markers of kidney damage related to aging in the future. Phosphoproteomics analysis identified 6656 phosphosites across 1555 proteins, annotated to 62 pathways, and indicated increased phosphorylation at the Ser27 site of Minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 (Mcm2) and decreased at the Ser284 site of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), with these modifications being confirmed by western blotting. The phosphorylation changes in these molecules may contribute to aging by affecting genome stability. Eleven common pathways were detected in both omics, including arginine biosynthesis, purine metabolism and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, etc., which are closely associated with aging and renal insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yiping Song
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenzhuo Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Congmin Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuechun Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenjing Ding
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Yu
- Shandong Precision Medicine Engineering Laboratory of Bacterial Anti-tumor Drugs, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mingying Ling
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuehui Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanli Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanqiu Xing
- Department of Geriatrics, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Brandão-Teles C, Antunes ASLM, de Moraes Vrechi TA, Martins-de-Souza D. The Roles of hnRNP Family in the Brain and Brain-Related Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3578-3595. [PMID: 37999871 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) belong to a complex family of RNA-binding proteins that are essential to control alternative splicing, mRNA trafficking, synaptic plasticity, stress granule formation, cell cycle regulation, and axonal transport. Over the past decade, hnRNPs have been associated with different brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, and schizophrenia. Given their essential role in maintaining cell function and integrity, it is not surprising that dysregulated hnRNP levels lead to neurological implications. This review aims to explore the primary functions of hnRNPs in neurons, oligodendrocytes, microglia, and astrocytes, and their roles in brain disorders. We also discuss proteomics and other technologies and their potential for studying and evaluating hnRNPs in brain disorders, including the discovery of new therapeutic targets and possible pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Brandão-Teles
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - André S L M Antunes
- Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Talita Aparecida de Moraes Vrechi
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniel Martins-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Neuroproteomics, Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), São Paulo, Brazil.
- Experimental Medicine Research Cluster (EMRC), University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13083-862, Brazil.
- INCT in Modelling Human Complex Diseases with 3D Platforms (Model3D), São Paulo, Brazil.
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Instituto Nacional de Biomarcadores em Neuropsiquiatria, São Paulo, Brazil.
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6
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Zhang S, Zhang B, Liao Z, Chen Y, Guo W, Wu J, Liu H, Weng R, Su D, Chen G, Zhang Z, Li C, Long J, Xiao Y, Ma Y, Zhou T, Xu C, Su P. Hnrnpk protects against osteoarthritis through targeting WWC1 mRNA and inhibiting Hippo signaling pathway. Mol Ther 2024; 32:1461-1478. [PMID: 38414246 PMCID: PMC11081807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related or post-traumatic degenerative whole joint disease characterized by the rupture of articular cartilage homeostasis, the regulatory mechanisms of which remain elusive. This study identifies the essential role of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) in maintaining articular cartilage homeostasis. Hnrnpk expression is markedly downregulated in human and mice OA cartilage. The deletion of Hnrnpk effectively accelerates the development of post-traumatic and age-dependent OA in mice. Mechanistically, the KH1 and KH2 domain of Hnrnpk bind and degrade the mRNA of WWC1. Hnrnpk deletion increases WWC1 expression, which in turn leads to the activation of Hippo signaling and ultimately aggravates OA. In particular, intra-articular injection of LPA and adeno-associated virus serotype 5 expressing WWC1 RNA interference ameliorates cartilage degeneration induced by Hnrnpk deletion, and intra-articular injection of adeno-associated virus serotype 5 expressing Hnrnpk protects against OA. Collectively, this study reveals the critical roles of Hnrnpk in inhibiting OA development through WWC1-dependent downregulation of Hippo signaling in chondrocytes and defines a potential target for the prevention and treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Baolin Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhiheng Liao
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuyu Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Weimin Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jinna Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510095, China
| | - Hengyu Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ricong Weng
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Deying Su
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gengjia Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jiahui Long
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ya Xiao
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Department of Spine Surgery, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Urumqi 830002, China
| | - Taifeng Zhou
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Caixia Xu
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Peiqiang Su
- Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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7
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Chen Z, Su J, You N, Lin H, Lin S, Zhang Z, Chen Y. A novel model based on ubiquitination-related gene to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29387. [PMID: 38628739 PMCID: PMC11019200 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer that is increasingly becoming a global health problem and a major public health concern. In order to improve patient outcomes, additional biomarkers and targets must be explored. Ubiquitination-related genes (URGs), as tumor regulators, exhibit multiple functions in tumor development. Our objective was to examine the influence of URGs on the prognosis of patients with HCC. Methods By utilizing unsupervised cluster analysis, we were able to identify URGs in the database and create a risk score profile for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC. The model's clinical application was explored using subject operating characteristic curves, survival analysis, and correlation analysis. We additionally examined the variances in clinical traits, immune infiltration, somatic genetic alterations, and responsiveness to treatment among high- and low-risk populations identified by the prognostic model. Scores for immune cell infiltration and immune-related pathway activity were determined by performing ssGSEA enrichment analysis. Additionally, to investigate potential mechanisms, we utilized GO, KEGG and GSVA analyses. Results We developed a risk scoring model that relies on genes associated with ubiquitination. As the risk score increased, the malignancy and prognosis of the tumor worsened. The high-risk and low-risk groups exhibited notable disparities in relation to the immune microenvironment, genes associated with immune checkpoints, sensitivity to drugs, and response to immunotherapy. Conclusion The utilization of a risk model that relies on genes associated with ubiquitination can serve as a biomarker to assess the prognosis of patients with HCC, and aid in the selection of suitable therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Chen
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jing Su
- Hematology Laboratory, Suqian First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Ningning You
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Hong Lin
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Shanshan Lin
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Zhenjiang Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Suqian First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
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8
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Mubaid S, Sanchez BJ, Algehani RA, Skopenkova V, Adjibade P, Hall DT, Busque S, Lian XJ, Ashour K, Tremblay AMK, Carlile G, Gagné JP, Diaz-Gaxiola A, Khattak S, Di Marco S, Thomas DY, Poirier GG, Gallouzi IE. Tankyrase-1 regulates RBP-mediated mRNA turnover to promote muscle fiber formation. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:4002-4020. [PMID: 38321934 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(ADP-ribosylation) (PARylation) is a post-translational modification mediated by a subset of ADP-ribosyl transferases (ARTs). Although PARylation-inhibition based therapies are considered as an avenue to combat debilitating diseases such as cancer and myopathies, the role of this modification in physiological processes such as cell differentiation remains unclear. Here, we show that Tankyrase1 (TNKS1), a PARylating ART, plays a major role in myogenesis, a vital process known to drive muscle fiber formation and regeneration. Although all bona fide PARPs are expressed in muscle cells, experiments using siRNA-mediated knockdown or pharmacological inhibition show that TNKS1 is the enzyme responsible of catalyzing PARylation during myogenesis. Via this activity, TNKS1 controls the turnover of mRNAs encoding myogenic regulatory factors such as nucleophosmin (NPM) and myogenin. TNKS1 mediates these effects by targeting RNA-binding proteins such as Human Antigen R (HuR). HuR harbors a conserved TNKS-binding motif (TBM), the mutation of which not only prevents the association of HuR with TNKS1 and its PARylation, but also precludes HuR from regulating the turnover of NPM and myogenin mRNAs as well as from promoting myogenesis. Therefore, our data uncover a new role for TNKS1 as a key modulator of RBP-mediated post-transcriptional events required for vital processes such as myogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Mubaid
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Brenda Janice Sanchez
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rinad A Algehani
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Viktoriia Skopenkova
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pauline Adjibade
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Derek T Hall
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Sandrine Busque
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Xian Jin Lian
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Kholoud Ashour
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Anne-Marie K Tremblay
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Graeme Carlile
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gagné
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Pavillon CHUL, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Andrea Diaz-Gaxiola
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahryar Khattak
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sergio Di Marco
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - David Y Thomas
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Guy G Poirier
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Pavillon CHUL, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Imed-Eddine Gallouzi
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative (KSHI) and Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Dept. of Biochemistry, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, 1160 Pine Avenue, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
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9
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Fuentes Y, Olguín V, López-Ulloa B, Mendonça D, Ramos H, Abdalla A, Guajardo-Contreras G, Niu M, Rojas-Araya B, Mouland A, López-Lastra M. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K promotes cap-independent translation initiation of retroviral mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:2625-2647. [PMID: 38165048 PMCID: PMC10954487 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Translation initiation of the human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) genomic mRNA (vRNA) is cap-dependent or mediated by an internal ribosome entry site (IRES). The HIV-1 IRES requires IRES-transacting factors (ITAFs) for function. In this study, we evaluated the role of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) as a potential ITAF for the HIV-1 IRES. In HIV-1-expressing cells, the depletion of hnRNPK reduced HIV-1 vRNA translation. Furthermore, both the depletion and overexpression of hnRNPK modulated HIV-1 IRES activity. Phosphorylations and protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1)-induced asymmetrical dimethylation (aDMA) of hnRNPK strongly impacted the protein's ability to promote the activity of the HIV-1 IRES. We also show that hnRNPK acts as an ITAF for the human T cell lymphotropic virus-type 1 (HTLV-1) IRES, present in the 5'UTR of the viral sense mRNA, but not for the IRES present in the antisense spliced transcript encoding the HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper protein (sHBZ). This study provides evidence for a novel role of the host hnRNPK as an ITAF that stimulates IRES-mediated translation initiation for the retroviruses HIV-1 and HTLV-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazmín Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valeria Olguín
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Brenda López-Ulloa
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Dafne Mendonça
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Hade Ramos
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana Luiza Abdalla
- HIV-1 RNA Trafficking Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Gabriel Guajardo-Contreras
- HIV-1 RNA Trafficking Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Meijuan Niu
- HIV-1 RNA Trafficking Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Barbara Rojas-Araya
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrew J Mouland
- HIV-1 RNA Trafficking Laboratory, Lady Davis Institute at the Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Marcelo López-Lastra
- Laboratorio de Virología Molecular, Instituto Milenio de Inmunología e Inmunoterapia, Departamento de Enfermedades Infecciosas e Inmunología Pediátrica, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Marcoleta 391, Santiago, Chile
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10
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Wei Y, Wei H, Tian C, Wu Q, Li D, Huang C, Zhang G, Chen R, Wang N, Li Y, Li B, Chu XM. The Transcriptome Analysis of Circular RNAs Between the Doxorubicin- Induced Cardiomyocytes and Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells- Derived Exosomes Treated Ones. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:1056-1070. [PMID: 38305398 DOI: 10.2174/0113862073261891231115072310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
AIM To analyze the sequencing results of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in cardiomyocytes between the doxorubicin (DOX)-injured group and exosomes treatment group. Moreover, to offer potential circRNAs possibly secreted by exosomes mediating the therapeutic effect on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity for further study. METHODS The DOX-injured group (DOX group) of cardiomyocytes was treated with DOX, while an exosomes-treated group of injured cardiomyocytes were cocultured with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)-derived exosomes (BEC group). The high-throughput sequencing of circRNAs was conducted after the extraction of RNA from cardiomyocytes. The differential expression of circRNA was analyzed after identifying the number, expression, and conservative of circRNAs. Then, the target genes of differentially expressed circRNAs were predicted based on the targetscan and Miranda database. Next, the GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of target genes of circRNAs were performed. The crucial signaling pathways participating in the therapeutic process were identified. Finally, a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction experiment was conducted to verify the results obtained by sequencing. RESULTS Thirty-two circRNAs are differentially expressed between the two groups, of which twenty-three circRNAs were elevated in the exosomes-treated group (BEC group). The GO analysis shows that target genes of differentially expressed circRNAs are mainly enriched in the intracellular signalactivity, regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription, Golgi-related activity, and GTPase activator activity. The KEGG analysis displays that they were involved in the autophagy biological process and NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. The verification experiment suggested that mmu_circ_0000425 (ID: 116324210) was both decreased in the DOX group and elevated in BEC group, which was consistent with the result of sequencing. CONCLUSION mmu_circ_0000425 in exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) may have a therapeutic role in alleviating doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhuan Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Rizhao People's Hospital, Rizhao, China
| | - Haixia Wei
- Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qinchao Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Daisong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruolan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ni Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yonghong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Genetics, Basic Medicine School, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xian-Ming Chu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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11
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Michon M, Müller-Schiffmann A, Lingappa AF, Yu SF, Du L, Deiter F, Broce S, Mallesh S, Crabtree J, Lingappa UF, Macieik A, Müller L, Ostermann PN, Andrée M, Adams O, Schaal H, Hogan RJ, Tripp RA, Appaiah U, Anand SK, Campi TW, Ford MJ, Reed JC, Lin J, Akintunde O, Copeland K, Nichols C, Petrouski E, Moreira AR, Jiang IT, DeYarman N, Brown I, Lau S, Segal I, Goldsmith D, Hong S, Asundi V, Briggs EM, Phyo NS, Froehlich M, Onisko B, Matlack K, Dey D, Lingappa JR, Prasad MD, Kitaygorodskyy A, Solas D, Boushey H, Greenland J, Pillai S, Lo MK, Montgomery JM, Spiropoulou CF, Korth C, Selvarajah S, Paulvannan K, Lingappa VR. A Pan-Respiratory Antiviral Chemotype Targeting a Host Multi-Protein Complex. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2021.01.17.426875. [PMID: 34931190 PMCID: PMC8687465 DOI: 10.1101/2021.01.17.426875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We present a novel small molecule antiviral chemotype that was identified by an unconventional cell-free protein synthesis and assembly-based phenotypic screen for modulation of viral capsid assembly. Activity of PAV-431, a representative compound from the series, has been validated against infectious virus in multiple cell culture models for all six families of viruses causing most respiratory disease in humans. In animals this chemotype has been demonstrated efficacious for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (a coronavirus) and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (a paramyxovirus). PAV-431 is shown to bind to the protein 14-3-3, a known allosteric modulator. However, it only appears to target the small subset of 14-3-3 which is present in a dynamic multi-protein complex whose components include proteins implicated in viral lifecycles and in innate immunity. The composition of this target multi-protein complex appears to be modified upon viral infection and largely restored by PAV-431 treatment. Our findings suggest a new paradigm for understanding, and drugging, the host-virus interface, which leads to a new clinical therapeutic strategy for treatment of respiratory viral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Michon
- Prosetta Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Li Du
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fred Deiter
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sean Broce
- Prosetta Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jackelyn Crabtree
- University of Georgia, Animal Health Research Center, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | | | - Lisa Müller
- Institute of Virology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Marcel Andrée
- Institute of Virology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ortwin Adams
- Institute of Virology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Heiner Schaal
- Institute of Virology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Robert J. Hogan
- University of Georgia, Animal Health Research Center, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ralph A. Tripp
- University of Georgia, Animal Health Research Center, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jonathan C. Reed
- Dept. of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jim Lin
- Prosetta Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ian Brown
- Prosetta Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sharon Lau
- Prosetta Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ilana Segal
- Prosetta Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Shi Hong
- Prosetta Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - John Greenland
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Satish Pillai
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael K. Lo
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Joel M. Montgomery
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Carsten Korth
- Institute of Neuropathology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Vishwanath R. Lingappa
- Prosetta Biosciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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12
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Xiao K, Ullah I, Yang F, Wang J, Hou C, Liu Y, Li X. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of FXR1 across pan-cancer: Unraveling its diagnostic, prognostic, and immunological significance. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36456. [PMID: 38050239 PMCID: PMC10695598 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragile X-related protein 1 (FXR1) is an RNA-binding protein that belongs to the fragile X-related (FXR) family. Studies have shown that FXR1 plays an important role in cancer cell proliferation, invasion and migration and is differentially expressed in cancers. This study aimed to gain a comprehensive and systematic understanding of the analysis of FXR1's role in cancers. This would lead to a better understanding of how it contributes to the development and progression of various malignancies. this study conducted through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), GTEx, cBioPortal, TISIDB, GEPIA2 and HPA databases to investigated FXR1's role in cancers. For data analysis, various software platforms and web platforms were used, such as R, Cytoscape, hiplot plateform. A significant difference in FXR1 expression was observed across molecular and immune subtypes and across types of cancer. FXR1 expression correlates with disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS) in several cancer pathways, further in progression-free interval (PFI) in most cancers. Additionally, FXR1 showed a correlation with genetic markers of immunomodulators in different cancer types. Our study provides insights into the role of FXR1 in promoting, inhibiting, and treating diverse cancers. FXR1 has the potential to serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for cancer, with therapeutic value in immune-based, targeted, or cytotoxic treatments. Further clinical validation and exploration of FXR1 in cancer treatment is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyuan Xiao
- Changzhi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Ihsan Ullah
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Changzhi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Changzhi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Chunxia Hou
- Changzhi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
| | - Yuqiang Liu
- National Chinmedomics Research Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xinghua Li
- Changzhi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China
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13
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Ocharán-Mercado A, Loaeza-Loaeza J, Castro-Coronel Y, Acosta-Saavedra LC, Hernández-Kelly LC, Hernández-Sotelo D, Ortega A. RNA-Binding Proteins: A Role in Neurotoxicity? Neurotox Res 2023; 41:681-697. [PMID: 37776476 PMCID: PMC10682104 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00669-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite sustained efforts to treat neurodegenerative diseases, little is known at the molecular level to understand and generate novel therapeutic approaches for these malignancies. Therefore, it is not surprising that neurogenerative diseases are among the leading causes of death in the aged population. Neurons require sophisticated cellular mechanisms to maintain proper protein homeostasis. These cells are generally sensitive to loss of gene expression control at the post-transcriptional level. Post-translational control responds to signals that can arise from intracellular processes or environmental factors that can be regulated through RNA-binding proteins. These proteins recognize RNA through one or more RNA-binding domains and form ribonucleoproteins that are critically involved in the regulation of post-transcriptional processes from splicing to the regulation of association of the translation machinery allowing a relatively rapid and precise modulation of the transcriptome. Neurotoxicity is the result of the biological, chemical, or physical interaction of agents with an adverse effect on the structure and function of the central nervous system. The disruption of the proper levels or function of RBPs in neurons and glial cells triggers neurotoxic events that are linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), fragile X syndrome (FXS), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) among many others. The connection between RBPs and neurodegenerative diseases opens a new landscape for potentially novel therapeutic targets for the intervention of these neurodegenerative pathologies. In this contribution, a summary of the recent findings of the molecular mechanisms involved in the plausible role of RBPs in RNA processing in neurodegenerative disease is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ocharán-Mercado
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07300 CDMX, México
| | - Jaqueline Loaeza-Loaeza
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07300 CDMX, México
| | - Yaneth Castro-Coronel
- Laboratorio de Epigenética del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas 88, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39086, México
| | - Leonor C Acosta-Saavedra
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07300 CDMX, México
| | - Luisa C Hernández-Kelly
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07300 CDMX, México
| | - Daniel Hernández-Sotelo
- Laboratorio de Epigenética del Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas 88, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, 39086, México
| | - Arturo Ortega
- Laboratorio de Neurotoxicología, Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07300 CDMX, México.
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14
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Chen K, Luo M, Lv Y, Luo Z, Yang H. Undervalued and novel roles of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins in autoimmune diseases: Resurgence as potential biomarkers and targets. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023; 14:e1806. [PMID: 37365887 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are mainly characterized by the abnormal autoreactivity due to the loss of tolerance to specific autoantigens, though multiple pathways associated with the homeostasis of immune responses are involved in initiating or aggravating the conditions. The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are a major category of RNA-binding proteins ubiquitously expressed in a multitude of cells and have attracted great attentions especially with their distinctive roles in nucleic acid metabolisms and the pathogenesis in diseases like neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. Nevertheless, the interplay between hnRNPs and autoimmune disorders has not been fully elucidated. Virtually various family members of hnRNPs are increasingly identified as immune players and are pertinent to all kinds of immune-related processes including immune system development and innate or adaptive immune responses. Specifically, hnRNPs have been extensively recognized as autoantigens within and even beyond a myriad of autoimmune diseases, yet their diagnostic and prognostic values are seemingly underestimated. Molecular mimicry, epitope spreading and bystander activation may represent major putative mechanisms underlying the presence of autoantibodies to hnRNPs. Besides, hnRNPs play critical parts in regulating linchpin genes expressions that control genetic susceptibility, disease-linked functional pathways, or immune responses by interacting with other components particularly like microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs, thereby contributing to inflammation and autoimmunity as well as specific disease phenotypes. Therefore, comprehensive unraveling of the roles of hnRNPs is conducive to establishing potential biomarkers and developing better intervention strategies by targeting these hnRNPs in the corresponding disorders. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangzhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengchuan Luo
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanzhi Lv
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaohui Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Clinical Research Center for Epileptic Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Zhuang LP, Gao WJ, Fang LL, Zeng GR, Ye QY, Dai XM, Zhang J, Chen XC. HnRNPK is involved in stress-induced depression-like behavior via ERK-BDNF pathway in mice. Neurochem Int 2023; 169:105589. [PMID: 37543308 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
As a ubiquitous RNA-binding protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK) interacts with numerous nucleic acids and proteins and is involved in various cellular functions. Available literature indicates that it can regulate dendritic spine density through the extracellular signal-regulating kinase (ERK) - brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway, which is crucial to retain the synaptic plasticity in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and mouse depression models. However, ERK upstream regulatory kinase has not been fully elucidated. Furthermore, it remains unexplored whether hnRNPK may impact the depressive condition via the ERK pathway. The present study addressed this issue by integrating approaches of genetics, molecular biology, behavioral testing. We found that hnRNPK in the brain was mainly distributed in the hippocampal neurons; that it was significantly downregulated in mice that displayed stress-induced depression-like behaviors; and that the level of hnRNPK markedly decreased in MDD patients from the GEO database. Further in vivo and in vitro analyses revealed that the changes in the expressions of BDNF and PSD95 and in the phosphorylation of ERK (Thr202/Tyr204) paralleled the variation of hnRNPK levels in the ventral hippocampal neurons in mice with depression-like behaviors. Finally, esketamine treatment significantly increased the level of hnRNPK in mice. These findings evidence that hnRNPK involved in the pathogenesis of depression via the ERK-BDNF pathway, pinpointing hnRNPK as a potential therapeutic target in treating MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lv-Ping Zhuang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Jie Gao
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Liu-Lv Fang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Gui-Rong Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Qin-Yong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Man Dai
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China.
| | - Xiao-Chun Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fujian Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Fujian Medical University; Fuzhou, China.
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16
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Rodriguez Gallo MC, Uhrig RG. Phosphorylation mediated regulation of RNA splicing in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1249057. [PMID: 37780493 PMCID: PMC10539000 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1249057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
For the past two decades, the study of alternative splicing (AS) and its involvement in plant development and stress response has grown in popularity. Only recently however, has the focus shifted to the study of how AS regulation (or lack-thereof) affects downstream mRNA and protein landscapes and how these AS regulatory events impact plant development and stress tolerance. In humans, protein phosphorylation represents one of the predominant mechanisms by which AS is regulated and thus the protein kinases governing these phosphorylation events are of interest for further study. Large-scale phosphoproteomic studies in plants have consistently found that RNA splicing-related proteins are extensively phosphorylated, however, the signaling pathways involved in AS regulation have not been resolved. In this mini-review, we summarize our current knowledge of the three major splicing-related protein kinase families in plants that are suggested to mediate AS phospho-regulation and draw comparisons to their metazoan orthologs. We also summarize and contextualize the phosphorylation events identified as occurring on splicing-related protein families to illustrate the high degree to which splicing-related proteins are modified, placing a new focus on elucidating the impacts of AS at the protein and PTM-level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R. Glen Uhrig
- University of Alberta, Department of Biological Sciences, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- University of Alberta, Department of Biochemistry, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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17
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Zhang T, Leng Y, Duan M, Li Z, Ma Y, Huang C, Shi Q, Wang Y, Wang C, Liu D, Zhao X, Cheng S, Liu A, Zhou Y, Liu J, Pan Z, Zhang H, Shen L, Zhao H. LncRNA GAS5-hnRNPK axis inhibited ovarian cancer progression via inhibition of AKT signaling in ovarian cancer cells. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:157. [PMID: 37639158 PMCID: PMC10462600 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00764-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of ovarian cancer ranks third among gynecologic malignancies, but the mortality rate ranks first. METHODS The expression of GAS5 is low in ovarian cancer and is associated with the low survival of ovarian cancer patients according to public ovarian cancer databases. GAS5 overexpression inhibited ovarian malignancy by affecting the proliferation and migratory abilities in OVCAR3 and A2780 cells. GAS5 overexpression increased the rate of cell apoptosis, and the cells were blocked in the G1 phase as assessed by flow cytometry. RESULTS We found that hnRNPK was a potential target gene, which was regulated negatively by GAS5 based on RNA-pulldown and mass spectrometry analysis. Mechanistically, GAS5 affected the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways and bound the protein of hnRNPK, which influenced hnRNPK stability. Furthermore, rescue assays demonstrated hnRNPK was significantly involved in the progression of ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed one of the mechanisms that GAS5 inhibited ovarian cancer metastasis by down-regulating hnRNPK expression, and GAS5 can be used to predict the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Te Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, 442000, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yahui Leng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Mengjing Duan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
- Hengdian Central Health Center, Huangpi District, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zihang Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongqing Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengyang Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Qin Shi
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengcheng Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- The Second Clinical College, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Ao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhongqiu Pan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Huimei Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Shen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, 30 South Renmin Road, 442000, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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18
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Zhang L, Shi Z, Zhang F, Chen B, Qiu W, Cai L, Lin X. Ubiquitination-related biomarkers in metastatic melanoma patients and their roles in tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1170190. [PMID: 37274231 PMCID: PMC10235493 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1170190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is the deadliest type of cutaneous malignancy. Ubiquitination is a process of protein sorting and degradation that exhibits multiple functions in the progression of various tumors. This study aimed to characterize a set of genes for ubiquitination in SKCM. Methods The expression patterns of ubiquitin-associated genes (URGs) and the corresponding clinical information in SKCM tissues were comprehensively analyzed based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We performed univariate and multivariate Cox proportional regression models to characterize the risk scores and identify four critical genes related to prognostic ubiquitination (HCLS1, CORO1A, NCF1 and CCRL2), which were used to construct the prognostic signatures. We also studied the effects of HCLS1, CORO1A and CCRL2 on tumor metastasis-related indicators at the cellular level through in vitro experiments. Results SKCM patients in the low-risk group showing a longer survival than those in the high-risk group. Characteristic risk scores correlated with several clinicopathological variables and reflected the infiltration of multiple immune cells. In addition, the knockdown of CLS1, CORO1A and CCRL2 affected cellular malignant biological behavior through the EMT signaling pathway. Conclusion This study provides a novel and prospective strategy to improve the clinical survival of SKCM patients.
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Su Y, Guo Y, Guo J, Zeng T, Wang T, Liu W. Study of FOXO1-interacting proteins using TurboID-based proximity labeling technology. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:146. [PMID: 36964488 PMCID: PMC10039511 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09238-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein‒protein interactions (PPIs) are the foundation of the life activities of cells. TurboID is a biotin ligase with higher catalytic efficiency than BioID or APEX that reduces the required labeling time from 18 h to 10 min. Since many proteins participate in binding and catalytic events that are very short-lived, it is theoretically possible to find relatively novel binding proteins using the TurboID technique. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, oxidative stress and metabolic disorders underlie many diseases, and forkhead box transcription factor 1 (FOXO1) plays a key role in these physiological and pathological processes. RESULTS The FOXO1-TurboID fusion gene was transfected into U251 astrocytes, and a cell line stably expressing FOXO1 was constructed. While constructing the FOXO1 overexpression plasmid, we also added the gene sequence of TurboID to perform biotin labeling experiments in the successfully fabricated cell line to look for FOXO1 reciprocal proteins. Label-free mass spectrometry analysis was performed, and 325 interacting proteins were found. A total of 176 proteins were identified in the FOXO1 overexpression group, and 227 proteins were identified in the Lipopolysaccharide -treated group (Lipopolysaccharide, LPS). Wild-type U251 cells were used to exclude interference from nonspecific binding. The FOXO1-interacting proteins hnRNPK and RBM14 were selected for immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence verification. CONCLUSION The TurboID technique was used to select the FOXO1-interacting proteins, and after removing the proteins identified in the blank group, a large number of interacting proteins were found in both positive groups. This study lays a foundation for further study of the function of FOXO1 and the regulatory network in which it is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanting Su
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437000, China
| | - Jieyu Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437000, China
| | - Ting Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437000, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, 430000, China.
| | - Wu Liu
- Medicine Research Institute, Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, 437000, China.
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20
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Eléouët M, Lu C, Zhou Y, Yang P, Ma J, Xu G. Insights on the biological functions and diverse regulation of RNA-binding protein 39 and their implication in human diseases. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2023; 1866:194902. [PMID: 36535628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2022.194902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
RNA-binding protein 39 (RBM39) involves in pre-mRNA splicing and transcriptional regulation. RBM39 is dysregulated in many cancers and its upregulation enhances cancer cell proliferation. Recently, it has been discovered that aryl sulfonamides act as molecular glues to recruit RBM39 to the CRL4DCAF15 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex for its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Therefore, various studies have focused on the degradation of RBM39 by aryl sulfonamides in the aim of finding new cancer therapeutics. These discoveries also attracted focus for thorough study on the biological functions of RBM39. RBM39 was found to regulate the splicing and transcription of genes mainly involved in pre-mRNA splicing, cell cycle regulation, DNA damage response, and metabolism, but the understanding of these regulations is still in its infancy. This article reviews the advances of the current literature and discusses the remaining key issues on the biological function and dynamic regulation of RBM39 at the post-translational level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Eléouët
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China; Synbio Technologies Company, BioBay C20, 218 Xinghu Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Chengpiao Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yijia Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Synbio Technologies Company, BioBay C20, 218 Xinghu Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Center of Soochow University, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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21
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Zhang Y, Zhou L, Xu Y, Zhou J, Jiang T, Wang J, Li C, Sun X, Song H, Song J. Targeting SMYD2 inhibits angiogenesis and increases the efficiency of apatinib by suppressing EGFL7 in colorectal cancer. Angiogenesis 2023; 26:1-18. [PMID: 35503397 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-022-09839-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential factor affecting the occurrence and development of solid tumors. SET And MYND Domain Containing 2 (SMYD2) serves as an oncogene in various cancers. However, whether SMYD2 is involved in tumor angiogenesis remains unclear. Here, we report that SMYD2 expression is associated with microvessel density in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues. SMYD2 promotes CRC angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SMYD2 physically interacts with HNRNPK and mediates lysine monomethylation at K422 of HNRNPK, which substantially increases RNA binding activity. HNRNPK acts by binding and stabilizing EGFL7 mRNA. As an angiogenic stimulant, EGFL7 enhances CRC angiogenesis. H3K4me3 maintained by PHF8 mediates the abnormal overexpression of SMYD2 in CRC. Moreover, targeting SMYD2 blocks CRC angiogenesis in tumor xenografts. Treatment with BAY-598, a functional inhibitor of SMYD2, can also synergize with apatinib in patient-derived xenografts. Overall, our findings reveal a new regulatory axis of CRC angiogenesis and provide a potential strategy for antiangiogenic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yixin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyu Zhou
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoxiong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hu Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99, Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhou W, Jie Q, Pan T, Shi J, Jiang T, Zhang Y, Ding N, Xu J, Ma Y, Li Y. Single-cell RNA binding protein regulatory network analyses reveal oncogenic HNRNPK-MYC signalling pathway in cancer. Commun Biol 2023; 6:82. [PMID: 36681772 PMCID: PMC9867709 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key players of gene expression and perturbations of RBP-RNA regulatory network have been observed in various cancer types. Here, we propose a computational method, RBPreg, to identify the RBP regulators by integration of single cell RNA-Seq (N = 233,591) and RBP binding data. Pan-cancer analyses suggest that RBP regulators exhibit cancer and cell specificity and perturbations of RBP regulatory network are involved in cancer hallmark-related functions. We prioritize an oncogenic RBP-HNRNPK, which is highly expressed in tumors and associated with poor prognosis of patients. Functional assays performed in cancer cells reveal that HNRNPK promotes cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic investigations further demonstrate that HNRNPK promotes tumorigenesis and progression by directly binding to MYC and perturbed the MYC targets pathway in lung cancer. Our results provide a valuable resource for characterizing RBP regulatory networks in cancer, yielding potential biomarkers for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhou
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Qiuling Jie
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Reproductive Medical Center, National Center for International Research "China-Myanmar Joint Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Regional Major Disease", The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Tao Pan
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Jingyi Shi
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Tiantongfei Jiang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Na Ding
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China
| | - Juan Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150081, China.
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Reproductive Medical Center, National Center for International Research "China-Myanmar Joint Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Regional Major Disease", The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Hainan Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, Reproductive Medical Center, National Center for International Research "China-Myanmar Joint Research Center for Prevention and Treatment of Regional Major Disease", The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
- College of Biomedical Information and Engineering, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
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23
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Westcott CE, Isom CM, Karki D, Sokoloski KJ. Dancing with the Devil: A Review of the Importance of Host RNA-Binding Proteins to Alphaviral RNAs during Infection. Viruses 2023; 15:164. [PMID: 36680204 PMCID: PMC9865062 DOI: 10.3390/v15010164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alphaviruses are arthropod-borne, single-stranded positive sense RNA viruses that rely on the engagement of host RNA-binding proteins to efficiently complete the viral lifecycle. Because of this reliance on host proteins, the identification of host/pathogen interactions and the subsequent characterization of their importance to viral infection has been an intensive area of study for several decades. Many of these host protein interaction studies have evaluated the Protein:Protein interactions of viral proteins during infection and a significant number of host proteins identified by these discovery efforts have been RNA Binding Proteins (RBPs). Considering this recognition, the field has shifted towards discovery efforts involving the direct identification of host factors that engage viral RNAs during infection using innovative discovery approaches. Collectively, these efforts have led to significant advancements in the understanding of alphaviral molecular biology; however, the precise extent and means by which many RBPs influence viral infection is unclear as their specific contributions to infection, as per any RNA:Protein interaction, have often been overlooked. The purpose of this review is to summarize the discovery of host/pathogen interactions during alphaviral infection with a specific emphasis on RBPs, to use new ontological analyses to reveal potential functional commonalities across alphaviral RBP interactants, and to identify host RBPs that have, and have yet to be, evaluated in their native context as RNA:Protein interactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E. Westcott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Cierra M. Isom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Deepa Karki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Kevin J. Sokoloski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Center for Predictive Medicine for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease (CPM), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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Han J, Nie M, Chen C, Cheng X, Guo T, Huangfu L, Li X, Du H, Xing X, Ji J. SDCBP‐AS1 destabilizes β‐catenin by regulating ubiquitination and SUMOylation of hnRNP K to suppress gastric tumorigenicity and metastasis. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:1141-1161. [DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
| | - Menglin Nie
- Department of Radiation Oncology Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100070 P. R. China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Cheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
| | - Longtao Huangfu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
| | - Hong Du
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Xing
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
| | - Jiafu Ji
- Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research Laboratory Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education) Peking University Cancer Hospital Beijing Institute for Cancer Research Beijing 100142 P. R. China
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25
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Zhang S, Yang X, Jiang M, Ma L, Hu J, Zhang HH. Post-transcriptional control by RNA-binding proteins in diabetes and its related complications. Front Physiol 2022; 13:953880. [PMID: 36277184 PMCID: PMC9582753 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.953880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a fast-growing chronic metabolic disorder that leads to significant health, social, and economic problems worldwide. Chronic hyperglycemia caused by DM leads to multiple devastating complications, including macrovascular complications and microvascular complications, such as diabetic cardiovascular disease, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic retinopathy. Numerous studies provide growing evidence that aberrant expression of and mutations in RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) genes are linked to the pathogenesis of diabetes and associated complications. RBPs are involved in RNA processing and metabolism by directing a variety of post-transcriptional events, such as alternative splicing, stability, localization, and translation, all of which have a significant impact on RNA fate, altering their function. Here, we purposed to summarize the current progression and underlying regulatory mechanisms of RBPs in the progression of diabetes and its complications. We expected that this review will open the door for RBPs and their RNA networks as novel therapeutic targets for diabetes and its related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- The Affiliated Haian Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Miao Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lianhua Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ji Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ji Hu, ; Hong-Hong Zhang,
| | - Hong-Hong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ji Hu, ; Hong-Hong Zhang,
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Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B: an emerging group of cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Cell Death Dis 2022; 8:337. [PMID: 35879279 PMCID: PMC9314375 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-022-01129-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B (hnRNPA/B) is one of the core members of the RNA binding protein (RBP) hnRNPs family, including four main subtypes, A0, A1, A2/B1 and A3, which share the similar structure and functions. With the advance in understanding the molecular biology of hnRNPA/B, it has been gradually revealed that hnRNPA/B plays a critical role in almost the entire steps of RNA life cycle and its aberrant expression and mutation have important effects on the occurrence and progression of various cancers. This review focuses on the clinical significance of hnRNPA/B in various cancers and systematically summarizes its biological function and molecular mechanisms.
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Borovsky D, Breyssens H, Buytaert E, Peeters T, Laroye C, Stoffels K, Rougé P. Cloning and Characterization of Drosophila melanogaster Juvenile Hormone Epoxide Hydrolases (JHEH) and Their Promoters. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070991. [PMID: 35883546 PMCID: PMC9313241 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase (JHEH) plays an important role in the metabolism of JH III in insects. To study the control of JHEH in female Drosophila melanogaster, JHEH 1, 2 and 3 cDNAs were cloned and sequenced. Northern blot analyses showed that the three transcripts are expressed in the head thorax, the gut, the ovaries and the fat body of females. Molecular modeling shows that the enzyme is a homodimer that binds juvenile hormone III acid (JH IIIA) at the catalytic groove better than JH III. Analyses of the three JHEH promoters and expressing short promoter sequences behind a reporter gene (lacZ) in D. melanogaster cell culture identified a JHEH 3 promoter sequence (626 bp) that is 10- and 25-fold more active than the most active promoter sequences of JHEH 2 and JHEH 1, respectively. A transcription factor (TF) Sp1 that is involved in the activation of JHEH 3 promoter sequence was identified. Knocking down Sp1 using dsRNA inhibited the transcriptional activity of this promoter in transfected D. melanogaster cells and JH III and 20HE downregulated the JHEH 3 promoter. On the other hand, JH IIIA and farnesoic acid did not affect the promoter, indicating that JH IIIA is JHEH's preferred substrate. A transgenic D. melanogaster expressing a highly activated JHEH 3 promoter behind a lacZ reporter gene showed promoter transcriptional activity in many D. melanogaster tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dov Borovsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Hilde Breyssens
- Zoological Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (H.B.); (E.B.); (T.P.); (C.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Esther Buytaert
- Zoological Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (H.B.); (E.B.); (T.P.); (C.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Tom Peeters
- Zoological Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (H.B.); (E.B.); (T.P.); (C.L.); (K.S.)
- Open BioLab Brussels, Erasmushogeschool Brussels, 1210 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Carole Laroye
- Zoological Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (H.B.); (E.B.); (T.P.); (C.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Karolien Stoffels
- Zoological Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (H.B.); (E.B.); (T.P.); (C.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Pierre Rougé
- Faculte des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31400 Tolouse, France;
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28
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Tang Q, Chen Z, Xie J, Mo C, Lu J, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Wu W, Wang H. Transcriptome Analysis and Single-Cell Sequencing Analysis Constructed the Ubiquitination-Related Signature in Glioma and Identified USP4 as a Novel Biomarker. Front Immunol 2022; 13:915709. [PMID: 35774799 PMCID: PMC9238360 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.915709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioma, the most frequent malignant tumor of the neurological system, has a poor prognosis and treatment problems. Glioma's tumor microenvironment is also little known. Methods We downloaded glioma data from the TCGA database. The patients in the TCGA database were split into two groups, one for training and the other for validation. The ubiquitination genes were then evaluated in glioma using COX and Lasso regression to create a ubiquitination-related signature. We assessed the signature's predictive usefulness and role in the immune microenvironment after it was generated. Finally, in vitro experiment were utilized to check the expression and function of the signature's key gene, USP4. Results This signature can be used to categorize glioma patients. Glioma patients can be separated into high-risk and low-risk groups in both the training and validation cohorts, with the high-risk group having a significantly worse prognosis (P<0.05). Following further investigation of the immune microenvironment, it was discovered that this risk grouping could serve as a guide for glioma immunotherapy. The activity, invasion and migration capacity, and colony formation ability of U87-MG and LN229 cell lines were drastically reduced after the important gene USP4 in signature was knocked down in cell tests. Overexpression of USP4 in the A172 cell line, on the other hand, greatly improved clonogenesis, activity, invasion and migration. Conclusions Our research established a foundation for understanding the role of ubiquitination genes in gliomas and identified USP4 as a possible glioma biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qikai Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengxin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaheng Xie
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuangqi Mo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pukou Branch of Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Nanjing Pukou District Central Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiacheng Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhangjie Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huibo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center For Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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29
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Deletion of Hnrnpk Gene Causes Infertility in Male Mice by Disrupting Spermatogenesis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11081277. [PMID: 35455958 PMCID: PMC9028439 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
HnRNPK is a heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that has been firmly implicated in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. However, the molecular mechanisms by which hnRNPK orchestrates transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation are not well understood due to early embryonic lethality in homozygous knockout mice, especially in a tissue-specific context. Strikingly, in this study, we demonstrated that hnRNPK is strongly expressed in the mouse testis and mainly localizes to the nucleus in spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids, suggesting an important role for hnRNPK in spermatogenesis. Using a male germ cell-specific hnRNPK-depleted mouse model, we found that it is critical for testicular development and male fertility. The initiation of meiosis of following spermatogenesis was not affected in Hnrnpk cKO mice, while most germ cells were arrested at the pachytene stage of the meiosis and no mature sperm were detected in epididymides. The further RNA-seq analysis of Hnrnpk cKO mice testis revealed that the deletion of hnRNPK disturbed the expression of genes involved in male reproductive development, among which the meiosis genes were significantly affected, and Hnrnpk cKO spermatocytes failed to complete the meiotic prophase. Together, these results identify hnRNPK as an essential regulator of spermatogenesis and male fertility.
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30
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Jew KM, Le VTB, Amaral K, Ta A, Nguyen May NM, Law M, Adelstein N, Kuhn ML. Investigation of the Importance of Protein 3D Structure for Assessing Conservation of Lysine Acetylation Sites in Protein Homologs. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:805181. [PMID: 35173693 PMCID: PMC8843374 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.805181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylation is a protein post-translational modification (PTM) that can affect a variety of cellular processes. In bacteria, two PTM Nε-acetylation mechanisms have been identified: non-enzymatic/chemical acetylation via acetyl phosphate or acetyl coenzyme A and enzymatic acetylation via protein acetyltransferases. Prior studies have shown that extensive acetylation of Nε-lysine residues of numerous proteins from a variety of bacteria occurs via non-enzymatic acetylation. In Escherichia coli, new Nε-lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) that enzymatically acetylate other proteins have been identified, thus expanding the repertoire of protein substrates that are potentially regulated by acetylation. Therefore, we designed a study to leverage the wealth of structural data in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) to determine: (1) the 3D location of lysine residues on substrate proteins that are acetylated by E. coli KATs, and (2) investigate whether these residues are conserved on 3D structures of their homologs. Five E. coli KAT substrate proteins that were previously identified as being acetylated by YiaC and had 3D structures in the PDB were selected for further analysis: adenylate kinase (Adk), isocitrate dehydrogenase (Icd), catalase HPII (KatE), methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (Fmt), and a peroxide stress resistance protein (YaaA). We methodically compared over 350 protein structures of these E. coli enzymes and their homologs; to accurately determine lysine residue conservation requires a strategy that incorporates both flexible structural alignments and visual inspection. Moreover, our results revealed discrepancies in conclusions about lysine residue conservation in homologs when examining linear amino acid sequences compared to 3D structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Jew
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Van Thi Bich Le
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Kiana Amaral
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Allysa Ta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nina M Nguyen May
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Melissa Law
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nicole Adelstein
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Misty L Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States
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31
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Liu L, Wang J, Wang S, Wang M, Chen Y, Zheng L. Epigenetic Regulation of TET1-SP1 During Spermatogonia Self-Renewal and Proliferation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:843825. [PMID: 35222097 PMCID: PMC8879134 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.843825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spermatogonia are the source of spermatogenic waves. Abnormal spermatogonia can cause ab-normal spermatogenic waves, which manifest as spermatogenic disorders such as oligospermia, hypospermia, and azoospermia. Among them, the self-renewal of spermatogonia serves as the basis for maintaining the process of spermatogenesis, and the closely regulated balance between self-renewal and differentiation of spermatogonia can maintain the continuous production of spermatozoa. Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 1(TET1) is an important epitope modifying enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), thereby causing the methylation of specific genes site hydroxylation, enabling the DNA de-methylation process, and regulating gene expression. However, the hydroxymethylation sites at which TET1 acts specifically and the mechanisms of interaction affecting key differential genes are not clear. In the present study, we provide evidence that the expression of PLZF, a marker gene for spermatogonia self-renewal, was significantly elevated in the TET1 overexpression group, while the expression of PCNA, a proliferation-related marker gene, was also elevated at the mRNA level. Significant differential expression of SP1 was found by sequencing. SP1 expression was increased at both mRNA level and protein level after TET1 overexpression, while differential gene DAXX expression was downregulated at protein level, while the expression of its reciprocal protein P53 was upregulated. In conclusion, our results suggest that TET1 overexpression causes changes in the expression of SP1, DAXX and other genes, and that there is a certain antagonistic effect between SP1 and DAXX, which eventually reaches a dynamic balance to maintain the self-renewal state of spermatogonia for sustained sperm production. These findings may contribute to the understanding of male reproductive system disorders.
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32
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RNA-Binding Proteins as Regulators of Internal Initiation of Viral mRNA Translation. Viruses 2022; 14:v14020188. [PMID: 35215780 PMCID: PMC8879377 DOI: 10.3390/v14020188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that depend on the host’s protein synthesis machinery for translating their mRNAs. The viral mRNA (vRNA) competes with the host mRNA to recruit the translational machinery, including ribosomes, tRNAs, and the limited eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIFs) pool. Many viruses utilize non-canonical strategies such as targeting host eIFs and RNA elements known as internal ribosome entry sites (IRESs) to reprogram cellular gene expression, ensuring preferential translation of vRNAs. In this review, we discuss vRNA IRES-mediated translation initiation, highlighting the role of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), other than the canonical translation initiation factors, in regulating their activity.
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33
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Wang B, Wan L, Sun P, Zhang L, Han L, Zhang H, Zhang J, Pu Y, Zhu B. Associations of genetic variation in E3 SUMO-protein ligase CBX4 with noise-induced hearing loss. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:2109-2120. [PMID: 35038734 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddac006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a multifactorial disease caused by environmental, genetic, and epigenetic variables. SUMOylation is a post-translational modification that regulates biological processes. The objective of this study was to determine the link between genetic variation in the CBX4 and the risk of NIHL. This study applied a case-control design with 588 cases and 582 controls, and the sample was predominantly male (93.76%). The T allele of CBX4 rs1285250 was found to be significantly linked with NIHL (p = 0.002) and showed strong associations in both the codominant and recessive models (TT vs CC, p = 0.005; TT/TC vs CC, p = 0.009). By constructing a mouse model of hearing loss due to noise exposure, changes in hearing thresholds were observed in noise-exposed mice, along with a decrease in the number of cochlear hair cells. Furthermore, noise promotes cochlear hair cell apoptosis by inducing SP1/CBX4 pathway activation. Further functional studies demonstrated that SP1 has an influence on the promoter activity of the CBX4 rs1285250 intron, with the promoter activity of the T allele being higher than that of the C allele. Knockdown of transcription factor SP1 reduced the expression of CBX4 expression and simultaneously reduced apoptosis in HEI-OC1 cells. Together, our findings have shown that CBX4 genetic polymorphism rs1285250 T-allele was associated with increased risk of NIHL and might be used as biomarkers for male workers exposed to noise. Furthermore, we speculate that the CBX4 of rs1285250 T-allele leads to a stronger potential enhancer activity from a predicted gain of stronger SP1 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshen Wang
- Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liu Wan
- Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ludi Zhang
- Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Preventive Medicine Association, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hengdong Zhang
- Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Preventive Medicine Association, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Department of Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baoli Zhu
- Department of Prevention and Control for Occupational Disease, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Preventive Medicine Association, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
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Zhao H, Wei Z, Shen G, Chen Y, Hao X, Li S, Wang R. Poly(rC)-binding proteins as pleiotropic regulators in hematopoiesis and hematological malignancy. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1045797. [PMID: 36452487 PMCID: PMC9701828 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1045797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(rC)-binding proteins (PCBPs), a defined subfamily of RNA binding proteins, are characterized by their high affinity and sequence-specific interaction with poly-cytosine (poly-C). The PCBP family comprises five members, including hnRNP K and PCBP1-4. These proteins share a relatively similar structure motif, with triple hnRNP K homology (KH) domains responsible for recognizing and combining C-rich regions of mRNA and single- and double-stranded DNA. Numerous studies have indicated that PCBPs play a prominent role in hematopoietic cell growth, differentiation, and tumorigenesis at multiple levels of regulation. Herein, we summarized the currently available literature regarding the structural and functional divergence of various PCBP family members. Furthermore, we focused on their roles in normal hematopoiesis, particularly in erythropoiesis. More importantly, we also discussed and highlighted their involvement in carcinogenesis, including leukemia and lymphoma, aiming to clarify the pleiotropic roles and molecular mechanisms in the hematopoietic compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhao
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ziqing Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guomin Shen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yixiang Chen
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China.,Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Xueqin Hao
- Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Sanqiang Li
- Basic Medical College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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35
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Ding R, Duan Z, Yang M, Wang X, Li D, Kan Q. High miR-3609 expression is associated with better prognosis in TNBC based on mining using systematic integrated public sequencing data. Exp Ther Med 2021; 23:54. [PMID: 34934431 PMCID: PMC8652383 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are small endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Abnormal miR-3609 expression is associated with the occurrence of pancreatic cancer, glioma and other diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome. However, the prognostic potential of miR-3609 has been reported in breast cancer. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the differential expression and prognostic value of miR-3609 in patients with breast cancer from the UALCAN, cBioportal and Kaplan-Meier Plotter databases, respectively. Furthermore, the co-expression genes of miR-3609 in breast cancer were investigated using data from the LinkedOmics database, and functional enrichment analysis was performed using the LinkInterpreter module in LinkedOmics. The co-expression gene network was constructed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins database, and the cytoHubba plug-in was used to identify the hub genes, which were visualized using Cytoscape software. The prognoses of the hub genes were performed using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database. The Cell Counting Kit-8 and cell cycle assays were performed to confirm the functions of miR-3609 mimics transfection in MDA-MB-231 cells. Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database demonstrated that high miR-3609 expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) was associated with a better prognosis. Furthermore, the experimental results indicated that high miR-3609 expression inhibited the proliferation of TNBC cells and induced cell cycle arrest of TNBC cells in the G0/G1 phase. Taken together, the results of the present study suggest that miR-3609 plays a vital role in mediating cell cycle arrest and inhibiting the proliferation of TNBC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumeng Ding
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China.,Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Duolu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
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Zhou J, Gu L, Shi Y, Huang T, Fan X, Bi X, Lu S, Liang J, Luo L, Cao P, Yin Z. GSTpi reduces DNA damage and cell death by regulating the ubiquitination and nuclear translocation of NBS1. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:54. [PMID: 34936032 PMCID: PMC11072236 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTpi) is an important phase II detoxifying enzyme that participates in various physiological processes, such as antioxidant, detoxification, and signal transduction. The high expression level of GSTpi has been reported to be related to drug-resistant and anti-inflammatory and it functioned via its non-catalytic ligandin. However, the previous protection mechanism of GSTpi in DNA damage has not been addressed so far. Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 (NBS1) is one of the most important sensor proteins to detect damaged DNA. Here, we investigated the interaction between GSTpi and NBS1 in HEK-293 T cells and human breast adenocarcinoma cells during DNA damage. Our results showed that overexpression of GSTpi in cells by transfecting DNA vector decreased the DNA damage level after methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) or adriamycin (ADR) treatment. We found that cytosolic GSTpi could increase NBS1 ubiquitin-mediated degradation in unstimulated cells, which suggested that GSTpi could maintain the basal level of NBS1 during normal conditions. In response to DNA damage, GSTpi can be phosphorylated in Ser184 and inhibit the ubiquitination degradation of NBS1 mediated by Skp2 to recover NBS1 protein level. Phosphorylated GSTpi can further enhance NBS1 nuclear translocation to activate the ATM-Chk2-p53 signaling pathway. Finally, GSTpi blocked the cell cycle in the G2/M phase to allow more time for DNA damage repair. Thus, our finding revealed the novel mechanism of GSTpi via its Ser184 phosphorylation to protect cells from cell death during DNA damage and it enriches the function of GSTpi in drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Gu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Huang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xirui Fan
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Bi
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Liang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peng Cao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhimin Yin
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, No.1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China.
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Yao J, Tu Y, Shen C, Zhou Q, Xiao H, Jia D, Sun Q. Nuclear import receptors and hnRNPK mediates nuclear import and stress granule localization of SIRLOIN. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:7617-7633. [PMID: 34689235 PMCID: PMC11073023 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03992-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The majority of lncRNAs and a small fraction of mRNAs localize in the cell nucleus to exert their functions. A SIRLOIN RNA motif was previously reported to drive its nuclear localization by the RNA-binding protein hnRNPK. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we report crystal structures of hnRNPK in complex with SIRLOIN, and with the nuclear import receptor (NIR) Impα1, respectively. The protein hnRNPK bound to SIRLOIN with multiple weak interactions, and interacted Impα1 using an independent high-affinity site. Forming a complex with hnRNPK and Impα1 was essential for the nuclear import and stress granule localization of SIRLOIN in semi-permeabilized cells. Nuclear import of SIRLOIN enhanced with increasing NIR concentrations, but its stress granule localization peaked at a low NIR concentration. Collectively, we propose a mechanism of SIRLOIN localization, in which NIRs functioned as drivers/regulators, and hnRNPK as an adaptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Yao
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yingfeng Tu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Congcong Shen
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hengyi Xiao
- Aging Research Lab, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Da Jia
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qingxiang Sun
- Department of Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Centre of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Ruta V, Pagliarini V, Sette C. Coordination of RNA Processing Regulation by Signal Transduction Pathways. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101475. [PMID: 34680108 PMCID: PMC8533259 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Signal transduction pathways transmit the information received from external and internal cues and generate a response that allows the cell to adapt to changes in the surrounding environment. Signaling pathways trigger rapid responses by changing the activity or localization of existing molecules, as well as long-term responses that require the activation of gene expression programs. All steps involved in the regulation of gene expression, from transcription to processing and utilization of new transcripts, are modulated by multiple signal transduction pathways. This review provides a broad overview of the post-translational regulation of factors involved in RNA processing events by signal transduction pathways, with particular focus on the regulation of pre-mRNA splicing, cleavage and polyadenylation. The effects of several post-translational modifications (i.e., sumoylation, ubiquitination, methylation, acetylation and phosphorylation) on the expression, subcellular localization, stability and affinity for RNA and protein partners of many RNA-binding proteins are highlighted. Moreover, examples of how some of the most common signal transduction pathways can modulate biological processes through changes in RNA processing regulation are illustrated. Lastly, we discuss challenges and opportunities of therapeutic approaches that correct RNA processing defects and target signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Ruta
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (V.P.)
- Organoids Facility, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Pagliarini
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (V.P.)
- Organoids Facility, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Sette
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Human Anatomy, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy; (V.R.); (V.P.)
- Laboratory of Neuroembryology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
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CAD increases the long noncoding RNA PUNISHER in small extracellular vesicles and regulates endothelial cell function via vesicular shuttling. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2021; 25:388-405. [PMID: 34484864 PMCID: PMC8403722 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as biomarkers and regulators of cardiovascular disease. However, the expression pattern of circulating extracellular vesicle (EV)-incorporated lncRNAs in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is still poorly investigated. A human lncRNA array revealed that certain EV-lncRNAs are significantly dysregulated in CAD patients. Circulating small EVs (sEVs) from patients with (n = 30) or without (n = 30) CAD were used to quantify PUNISHER (also known as AGAP2-antisense RNA 1 [AS1]), GAS5, MALAT1, and H19 RNA levels. PUNISHER (p = 0.002) and GAS5 (p = 0.02) were significantly increased in patients with CAD, compared to non-CAD patients. Fluorescent labeling and quantitative real-time PCR of sEVs demonstrated that functional PUNISHER was transported into the recipient cells. Mechanistically, the RNA-binding protein, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK), interacts with PUNISHER, regulating its loading into sEVs. Knockdown of PUNISHER abrogated the EV-mediated effects on endothelial cell (EC) migration, proliferation, tube formation, and sprouting. Angiogenesis-related gene profiling showed that the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) RNA was significantly increased in EV recipient cells. Protein stability and RNA immunoprecipitation indicated that the PUNISHER-hnRNPK axis regulates the stability and binding of VEGFA mRNA to hnRNPK. Loss of PUNISHER in EVs abolished the EV-mediated promotion of VEGFA gene and protein expression. Intercellular transfer of EV-incorporated PUNISHER promotes a pro-angiogenic phenotype via a VEGFA-dependent mechanism.
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Peng C, Tan Y, Yang P, Jin K, Zhang C, Peng W, Wang L, Zhou J, Chen R, Wang T, Jin C, Ji J, Feng Y, Tang J, Sun Y. Circ-GALNT16 restrains colorectal cancer progression by enhancing the SUMOylation of hnRNPK. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:272. [PMID: 34452628 PMCID: PMC8400830 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have investigated the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) as significant regulatory factors in multiple cancer progression. Nevertheless, the biological functions of circRNAs and the underlying mechanisms by which they regulate colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remain unclear. METHODS A novel circRNA (circ-GALNT16) was identified by microarray and qRT-PCR. A series of in vitro and in vivo phenotype experiments were performed to investigate the role of circ-GALNT16 in CRC. The FISH, RNA pulldown assay, RIP assay, RNA sequencing, coimmunoprecipitation, and ChIP were performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of circ-GALNT16 in CRC progression. RESULTS Circ-GALNT16 was downregulated in CRC and was negatively correlated with poor prognosis. Circ-GALNT16 suppressed the proliferation and metastatic ability of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circ-GALNT16 could bind to the KH3 domain of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNPK), which promoted the SUMOylation of hnRNPK. Additionally, circ-GALNT16 could enhance the formation of the hnRNPK-p53 complex by facilitating the SUMOylation of hnRNPK. RNA sequencing assay identified serpin family E member 1 as the target gene of circ-GALNT16 at the transcriptional level. Rescue assays revealed that circ-GALNT16 regulated the expression of Serpine1 by inhibiting the deSUMOylation of hnRNPK mediated by SUMO-specific peptidase 2 and then regulating the sequence-specific DNA binding ability of the hnRNPK-p53 transcriptional complex. CONCLUSIONS Circ-GALNT16 suppressed CRC progression by inhibiting Serpine1 expression through regulating the sequence-specific DNA binding ability of the SENP2-mediated hnRNPK-p53 transcriptional complex and might function as a biomarker and therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaofan Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqian Tan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kangpeng Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Peng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiahui Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ranran Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tuo Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chi Jin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiangzhou Ji
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junwei Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, 210029, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Ren D, Sun Y, Zhang D, Li D, Liu Z, Jin X, Wu H. SGLT2 promotes pancreatic cancer progression by activating the Hippo signaling pathway via the hnRNPK-YAP1 axis. Cancer Lett 2021; 519:277-288. [PMID: 34314754 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SGLT2 is overexpressed in various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying the tumorigenic effects of SGLT2 in pancreatic cancer remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibition significantly suppressed the growth of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing, real-time PCR, and Western blot analyses revealed that SGLT2 silencing or inhibition suppressed Hippo signaling activation by downregulating YAP1 expression. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation analyses showed that SGLT2 interacted with hnRNPK, promoting its nuclear translocation and thereby enhancing hnRNPK-induced YAP1 transcription. Importantly, YAP1 inhibitor enhanced the anti-pancreatic cancer effect of SGLT2 inhibitor in mice bearing pancreatic tumors. These findings suggest that SGLT2 promotes pancreatic cancer progression by activating the Hippo signaling pathway through the hnRNPK-YAP1 axis. Hence, SGLT2 inhibition alone or combined with YAP1 inhibition may represent a promising therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianyun Ren
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Dan Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Dan Li
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha,Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Heshui Wu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China; Sino-German Laboratory of Personalized Medicine for Pancreatic Cancer, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Long non-coding RNA KIKAT/LINC01061 as a novel epigenetic regulator that relocates KDM4A on chromatin and modulates viral reactivation. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009670. [PMID: 34111227 PMCID: PMC8219169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
KDM4A is a histone lysine demethylase that has been described as an oncogene in various types of cancer. The importance of KDM4A-mediated epigenetic regulation in tumorigenesis is just emerging. Here, by using Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) as a screening model, we identified 6 oncogenic virus-induced long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with the potential to open chromatin. RNA immunoprecipitation revealed KSHV-induced KDM4A-associated transcript (KIKAT)/LINC01061 as a binding partner of KDM4A. Integrated ChIP-seq and RNA-seq analysis showed that the KIKAT/LINC01061 interaction may mediate relocalization of KDM4A from the transcription start site (TSS) of the AMOT promoter region and transactivation of AMOT, an angiostatin binding protein that regulates endothelial cell migration. Knockdown of AMOT diminished the migration ability of uninfected SLK and iSLK-BAC16 cells in response to KIKAT/LINC01061 overexpression. Thus, we conclude that KIKAT/LINC01061 triggered shifting of KDM4A as a potential epigenetic mechanism regulating gene transactivation. Dysregulation of KIKAT/LINC01061 expression may represent a novel pathological mechanism contributing to KDM4A oncogenicity. Epigenetic regulation of chromatin structure and gene function connects genotype to phenotype and diseases. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is emerging as a novel type of epigenetic regulator exhibiting diverse biological functions. Aberrant lncRNA expression is associated with various diseases, including cancer. The widespread epigenetic changes that occur during the latent-to-lytic switch of herpes virus life cycle make it an attractive model to study epigenetic regulation. Using Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV) as a model, we screened the epigenetic function of lncRNAs whose expression was induced by reactivation of this oncogenic virus. KIKAT/LINC01061 was identified as a novel histone lysine-specific demethylase 4A (KDM4A) interacting lncRNA. KDM4A is the first identified histone trimethyl demethylase that has been demonstrated as an oncogene in various cancers. Our data reveal a novel lncRNA-mediated regulation of the epigenetic function of KDM4A and demonstrate this lncRNA-chromatin modifier interaction may serve as a potential target in cancer therapy.
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Dikaya V, El Arbi N, Rojas-Murcia N, Nardeli SM, Goretti D, Schmid M. Insights into the role of alternative splicing in plant temperature response. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021:erab234. [PMID: 34105719 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Alternative splicing occurs in all eukaryotic organisms. Since the first description of multiexon genes and the splicing machinery, the field has expanded rapidly, especially in animals and yeast. However, our knowledge about splicing in plants is still quite fragmented. Though eukaryotes show some similarity in the composition and dynamics of the splicing machinery, observations of unique plant traits are only starting to emerge. For instance, plant alternative splicing is closely linked to their ability to perceive various environmental stimuli. Due to their sessile lifestyle, temperature is a central source of information allowing plants to adjust their development to match current growth conditions. Hence, seasonal temperature fluctuations and day-night cycles can strongly influence plant morphology across developmental stages. Here we discuss the available data about temperature-dependent alternative splicing in plants. Given its fragmented state it is not always possible to fit specific observations into a coherent picture, yet it is sufficient to estimate the complexity of this field and the need of further research. Better understanding of alternative splicing as a part of plant temperature response and adaptation may also prove to be a powerful tool for both, fundamental and applied sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Dikaya
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nabila El Arbi
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Nelson Rojas-Murcia
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sarah Muniz Nardeli
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Daniela Goretti
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Markus Schmid
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Naarmann-de Vries IS, Senatore R, Moritz B, Marx G, Urlaub H, Niessing D, Ostareck DH, Ostareck-Lederer A. Methylated HNRNPK acts on RPS19 to regulate ALOX15 synthesis in erythropoiesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:3507-3523. [PMID: 33660773 PMCID: PMC8034617 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-transcriptional control is essential to safeguard structural and metabolic changes in enucleated reticulocytes during their terminal maturation to functional erythrocytes. The timely synthesis of arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX15), which initiates mitochondria degradation at the final stage of reticulocyte maturation is regulated by the multifunctional protein HNRNPK. It constitutes a silencing complex at the ALOX15 mRNA 3′ untranslated region that inhibits translation initiation at the AUG by impeding the joining of ribosomal 60S subunits to 40S subunits. To elucidate how HNRNPK interferes with 80S ribosome assembly, three independent screens were applied. They consistently demonstrated a differential interaction of HNRNPK with RPS19, which is localized at the head of the 40S subunit and extends into its functional center. During induced erythroid maturation of K562 cells, decreasing arginine dimethylation of HNRNPK is linked to a reduced interaction with RPS19 in vitro and in vivo. Dimethylation of residues R256, R258 and R268 in HNRNPK affects its interaction with RPS19. In noninduced K562 cells, RPS19 depletion results in the induction of ALOX15 synthesis and mitochondria degradation. Interestingly, residue W52 in RPS19, which is frequently mutated in Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (DBA), participates in specific HNRNPK binding and is an integral part of a putative aromatic cage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Senatore
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen Germany
| | - Bodo Moritz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Gernot Marx
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen Germany
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dierk Niessing
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Dirk H Ostareck
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen Germany
| | - Antje Ostareck-Lederer
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen Germany
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Adegoke TV, Wang Y, Chen L, Wang H, Liu W, Liu X, Cheng YC, Tong X, Ying J, Zhang J. Posttranslational Modification of Waxy to Genetically Improve Starch Quality in Rice Grain. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4845. [PMID: 34063649 PMCID: PMC8124582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The waxy (Wx) gene, encoding the granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS), is responsible for amylose biosynthesis and plays a crucial role in defining eating and cooking quality. The waxy locus controls both the non-waxy and waxy rice phenotypes. Rice starch can be altered into various forms by either reducing or increasing the amylose content, depending on consumer preference and region. Low-amylose rice is preferred by consumers because of its softness and sticky appearance. A better way of improving crops other than downregulation and overexpression of a gene or genes may be achieved through the posttranslational modification of sites or regulatory enzymes that regulate them because of their significance. The impact of posttranslational GBSSI modifications on extra-long unit chains (ELCs) remains largely unknown. Numerous studies have been reported on different crops, such as wheat, maize, and barley, but the rice starch granule proteome remains largely unknown. There is a need to improve the yield of low-amylose rice by employing posttranslational modification of Wx, since the market demand is increasing every day in order to meet the market demand for low-amylose rice in the regional area that prefers low-amylose rice, particularly in China. In this review, we have conducted an in-depth review of waxy rice, starch properties, starch biosynthesis, and posttranslational modification of waxy protein to genetically improve starch quality in rice grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosin Victor Adegoke
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yifeng Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Lijuan Chen
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Wanning Liu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xingyong Liu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yi-Chen Cheng
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jiezheng Ying
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 311400, China; (T.V.A.); (Y.W.); (L.C.); (H.W.); (W.L.); (X.L.); (Y.-C.C.); (X.T.); (J.Y.)
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46
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Velázquez-Cruz A, Baños-Jaime B, Díaz-Quintana A, De la Rosa MA, Díaz-Moreno I. Post-translational Control of RNA-Binding Proteins and Disease-Related Dysregulation. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:658852. [PMID: 33987205 PMCID: PMC8111222 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.658852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell signaling mechanisms modulate gene expression in response to internal and external stimuli. Cellular adaptation requires a precise and coordinated regulation of the transcription and translation processes. The post-transcriptional control of mRNA metabolism is mediated by the so-called RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), which assemble with specific transcripts forming messenger ribonucleoprotein particles of highly dynamic composition. RBPs constitute a class of trans-acting regulatory proteins with affinity for certain consensus elements present in mRNA molecules. However, these regulators are subjected to post-translational modifications (PTMs) that constantly adjust their activity to maintain cell homeostasis. PTMs can dramatically change the subcellular localization, the binding affinity for RNA and protein partners, and the turnover rate of RBPs. Moreover, the ability of many RBPs to undergo phase transition and/or their recruitment to previously formed membrane-less organelles, such as stress granules, is also regulated by specific PTMs. Interestingly, the dysregulation of PTMs in RBPs has been associated with the pathophysiology of many different diseases. Abnormal PTM patterns can lead to the distortion of the physiological role of RBPs due to mislocalization, loss or gain of function, and/or accelerated or disrupted degradation. This Mini Review offers a broad overview of the post-translational regulation of selected RBPs and the involvement of their dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders, cancer and other pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Velázquez-Cruz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Blanca Baños-Jaime
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Díaz-Quintana
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Miguel A De la Rosa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
| | - Irene Díaz-Moreno
- Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Isla de la Cartuja, Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Seville, Spain
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47
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Zhang Y, Qian J, Gu C, Yang Y. Alternative splicing and cancer: a systematic review. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:78. [PMID: 33623018 PMCID: PMC7902610 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00486-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The abnormal regulation of alternative splicing is usually accompanied by the occurrence and development of tumors, which would produce multiple different isoforms and diversify protein expression. The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review in order to describe the regulatory mechanisms of alternative splicing, as well as its functions in tumor cells, from proliferation and apoptosis to invasion and metastasis, and from angiogenesis to metabolism. The abnormal splicing events contributed to tumor progression as oncogenic drivers and/or bystander factors. The alterations in splicing factors detected in tumors and other mis-splicing events (i.e., long non-coding and circular RNAs) in tumorigenesis were also included. The findings of recent therapeutic approaches targeting splicing catalysis and splicing regulatory proteins to modulate pathogenically spliced events (including tumor-specific neo-antigens for cancer immunotherapy) were introduced. The emerging RNA-based strategies for the treatment of cancer with abnormally alternative splicing isoforms were also discussed. However, further studies are still required to address the association between alternative splicing and cancer in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiao Zhang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinjun Qian
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Chunyan Gu
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ye Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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48
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Xie W, Zhu H, Zhao M, Wang L, Li S, Zhao C, Zhou Y, Zhu B, Jiang X, Liu W, Ren C. Crucial roles of different RNA-binding hnRNP proteins in Stem Cells. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:807-817. [PMID: 33767590 PMCID: PMC7975692 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.55120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The self-renewal, pluripotency and differentiation of stem cells are regulated by various genetic and epigenetic factors. As a kind of RNA binding protein (RBP), the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) can act as "RNA scaffold" and recruit mRNA, lncRNA, microRNA and circRNA to affect mRNA splicing and processing, regulate gene transcription and post-transcriptional translation, change genome structure, and ultimately play crucial roles in the biological processes of cells. Recent researches have demonstrated that hnRNPs are irreplaceable for self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. hnRNPs function in stem cells by multiple mechanisms, which include regulating mRNA stability, inducing alternative splicing of mRNA, epigenetically regulate gene expression, and maintaining telomerase activity and telomere length. The functions and the underlying mechanisms of hnRNPs in stem cells deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xie
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Hecheng Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Changsha Kexin Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410205, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yao Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xingjun Jiang
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Caiping Ren
- Cancer Research Institute, Department of Neurosurgery, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.,The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health and the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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Good KV, Vincent JB, Ausió J. MeCP2: The Genetic Driver of Rett Syndrome Epigenetics. Front Genet 2021; 12:620859. [PMID: 33552148 PMCID: PMC7859524 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.620859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in methyl CpG binding protein 2 (MeCP2) are the major cause of Rett syndrome (RTT), a rare neurodevelopmental disorder with a notable period of developmental regression following apparently normal initial development. Such MeCP2 alterations often result in changes to DNA binding and chromatin clustering ability, and in the stability of this protein. Among other functions, MeCP2 binds to methylated genomic DNA, which represents an important epigenetic mark with broad physiological implications, including neuronal development. In this review, we will summarize the genetic foundations behind RTT, and the variable degrees of protein stability exhibited by MeCP2 and its mutated versions. Also, past and emerging relationships that MeCP2 has with mRNA splicing, miRNA processing, and other non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) will be explored, and we suggest that these molecules could be missing links in understanding the epigenetic consequences incurred from genetic ablation of this important chromatin modifier. Importantly, although MeCP2 is highly expressed in the brain, where it has been most extensively studied, the role of this protein and its alterations in other tissues cannot be ignored and will also be discussed. Finally, the additional complexity to RTT pathology introduced by structural and functional implications of the two MeCP2 isoforms (MeCP2-E1 and MeCP2-E2) will be described. Epigenetic therapeutics are gaining clinical popularity, yet treatment for Rett syndrome is more complicated than would be anticipated for a purely epigenetic disorder, which should be taken into account in future clinical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina V. Good
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - John B. Vincent
- Molecular Neuropsychiatry & Development (MiND) Lab, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Juan Ausió
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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50
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RNA-Binding Protein La Mediates TGFβ-Induced Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Cancer Stem Cell Properties. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020343. [PMID: 33477794 PMCID: PMC7832410 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Reversible epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a key role in establishing a malignant phenotype by assuring cancer cell plasticity critical for cancer progression by allowing a small fraction of cancer cells to detach from primary lesions and outgrow at metastatic sites. Cancer cell plasticity is associated with cancer stem cell properties contributing to chemoresistance, metastasis, and poor clinical outcomes. Dysregulated RNA-binding proteins are key players in controlling the RNA metabolism, including mRNA processing, export, and translation, and have been implicated in cancer cell plasticity. In this study, we demonstrated that aberrantly expressed RNA-binding protein La is critical for transforming growth factor β-induced EMT and for gaining cancer stem cell properties. Understanding the function of aberrant RNA-binding protein expression in cancer cell plasticity reveals prospects for identifying novel therapeutic targets. Abstract Background: the aberrant overexpression of predominantly nuclear localizing RNA-binding protein (RBP) La contributes to proliferation, mobility, and chemoresistance of cancer cells and tumor growth in mice. Methods: studies included cancer tissue microarrays (TMAs) analyses, cancer tissue data mining, transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-induced cancer cell plasticity studies, three dimensional sphere growth, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) assays, analysis of cancer stem cell (CSC) marker expression, and post-translational modification of cancer-associated La protein. Results: we demonstrated that significant overexpression of RBP La in lung and head and neck cancer tissue correlates with poor overall survival. Furthermore, small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of La reduced proliferation and migration of cancer cells, blocked TGFβ-induced EMT, and diminished both EMT and CSC marker expression. Rescue experiments with La wildtype but not RNA chaperone domain activity-defective La mutant increased the expression of those cancer progression markers, suggesting a critical role of La’s RNA chaperone activity in this process. La depletion in cancer cells also significantly decreased sphere growth in the presence of TGFβ. Interestingly, TGFβ treatment induced phosphorylation of La at threonine 389 (pLaT389) only in adherents but not in 3D growing cultures. Conclusion: our study suggests that the TGFβ/AKT/pLaT389 signaling pathway regulates cancer cell plasticity.
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