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Teräsjärvi J, Kainulainen L, Peltola V, Mertsola J, Hakanen A, He Q. Genetic polymorphisms of TLR1, TLR2, TLR3 and TLR4 in patients with recurrent or severe infections. Int J Immunogenet 2024; 51:242-251. [PMID: 38706134 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play an important role in innate immunity. Previous studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes coding for these innate immune molecules can affect susceptibility to and the outcome of certain diseases. The aim of the present study was to examine the clinical relevance of well-studied TLR1-4 SNPs in individuals who are prone to infections. Four functional SNPs, TLR1 rs5743618 (1805C > A, Ser602Ile), TLR2 rs5743708 (2258G > A, Arg753Gln), TLR3 rs3775291 (1234C > T, Leu412Phe) and TLR4 rs4986790 (896A > G, Asp299Gly), were analysed in 155 patients with recurrent respiratory infections (n = 84), severe infections (n = 15) or common variable immunodeficiency (n = 56), and in 262 healthy controls, using the High Resolution Melting Analysis method. Polymorphisms of TLR2 rs5743708 (odds ratio [OR] 3.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.45-6.83, p = .004, ap = .016) and TLR4 rs4986790 (OR 1.8; 95% CI 1.05-3.12, p = .028, ap = .112) were more frequent in patients with recurrent or severe infections than in controls. Interestingly, seven patients were found to carry both variant genotypes of TLR2 and TLR4, whereas none of the control group carried such genotypes (p ≤ .0001). Moreover, TLR2 polymorphism was associated with increased risk for acute otitis media episodes (OR, 3.02; 95% CI 1.41-6.47; p = .012). This study indicates that children and adults who are more prone to recurrent or severe respiratory infections carry one or both variant types of TLR2 and TLR4 more often than control subjects. Genetic variations of TLRs help explain why some children are more susceptible to respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Teräsjärvi
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center of Infections and Immunity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Leena Kainulainen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ville Peltola
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jussi Mertsola
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti Hakanen
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Qiushui He
- Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center of Infections and Immunity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Logunova N, Kapina M, Dyatlov A, Kondratieva T, Rubakova E, Majorov K, Kondratieva E, Linge I, Apt A. Polygenic TB control and the sequence of innate/adaptive immune responses to infection: MHC-II alleles determine the size of the S100A8/9-producing neutrophil population. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 39003642 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Among several quantitative trait loci involved in tuberculosis (TB) control in mice, one was mapped within the chromosome 17 segment occupied by the H2 complex and another within the chromosome 3 segment comprising the S100A8/9 genes, which encode neutrophil inflammatory factor S100A8/9. Previously, we developed a panel of H2-congenic mouse strains differing by small segments of the major histocompatibility complex Class II (MHC-II) region from TB-susceptible H2j mice transferred onto the genetic background of the TB-resistant C57BL/6 (H2b) strain. Susceptible B6.I-9.3 mice differ from B6 progenitors by the alleles of their only classical MHC-II H2-Aβ gene. The goals of the present study were to: (i) comprehensively characterise the differences in TB-related phenotypes between mice of the two strains and (ii) decipher interactions between the H2-Aβ and S100A8/9 genes. Here, we describe the dynamics of TB-related phenotypes differentiating B6.I-9.3 and B6 mice (colony forming units counts, histopathology, lung immune cell infiltration and cytokine profiles). We show that disproportionally diminished CD4+ T-cell population, an enlarged S100A8/9-positive neutrophil population and higher S100A8/9 serum levels in B6.I-9.3 mice collectively form the 'susceptible' phenotype before infection. An increase in IL-17 and a decrease in intrferon-gamma production by CD4+ T-cells in these mice provide a mechanistic explanation of this phenotype. Using F2 segregation analysis, we show that the number of S100A8/9-producing neutrophils in lungs and spleens and the proportion of Th17 CD4+ T-cells in lungs are significantly lower in the presence of the MHC-II dominant 'resistant' b allele compared to the recessive 'susceptible' j/j genotype. This provides direct genetic evidence that MHC-II-regulated CD4+ T-cell landscapes determine neutrophil abundance before infection, an important pathogenic factor in TB immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda Logunova
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina Kapina
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Dyatlov
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Kondratieva
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elvira Rubakova
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Majorov
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena Kondratieva
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Linge
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander Apt
- Laboratory for Immunogenetics, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
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Koyuncu D, Tavolara T, Gatti DM, Gower AC, Ginese ML, Kramnik I, Yener B, Sajjad U, Niazi MKK, Gurcan M, Alsharaydeh A, Beamer G. B cells in perivascular and peribronchiolar granuloma-associated lymphoid tissue and B-cell signatures identify asymptomatic Mycobacterium tuberculosis lung infection in Diversity Outbred mice. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0026323. [PMID: 38899881 PMCID: PMC11238564 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00263-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Because most humans resist Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, there is a paucity of lung samples to study. To address this gap, we infected Diversity Outbred mice with M. tuberculosis and studied the lungs of mice in different disease states. After a low-dose aerosol infection, progressors succumbed to acute, inflammatory lung disease within 60 days, while controllers maintained asymptomatic infection for at least 60 days, and then developed chronic pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) lasting months to more than 1 year. Here, we identified features of asymptomatic M. tuberculosis infection by applying computational and statistical approaches to multimodal data sets. Cytokines and anti-M. tuberculosis cell wall antibodies discriminated progressors vs controllers with chronic pulmonary TB but could not classify mice with asymptomatic infection. However, a novel deep-learning neural network trained on lung granuloma images was able to accurately classify asymptomatically infected lungs vs acute pulmonary TB in progressors vs chronic pulmonary TB in controllers, and discrimination was based on perivascular and peribronchiolar lymphocytes. Because the discriminatory lesion was rich in lymphocytes and CD4 T cell-mediated immunity is required for resistance, we expected CD4 T-cell genes would be elevated in asymptomatic infection. However, the significantly different, highly expressed genes were from B-cell pathways (e.g., Bank1, Cd19, Cd79, Fcmr, Ms4a1, Pax5, and H2-Ob), and CD20+ B cells were enriched in the perivascular and peribronchiolar regions of mice with asymptomatic M. tuberculosis infection. Together, these results indicate that genetically controlled B-cell responses are important for establishing asymptomatic M. tuberculosis lung infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Koyuncu
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Thomas Tavolara
- Wake Forest University, School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Adam C Gower
- Boston University Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Melanie L Ginese
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Igor Kramnik
- NIEDL, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bülent Yener
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA
| | - Usama Sajjad
- Wake Forest University, School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Metin Gurcan
- Wake Forest University, School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Gillian Beamer
- Aiforia Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Liu Z, Deligen B, Han Z, Gerile C, Da A. Integrated sequence-based genomic, transcriptomic, and methylation characterization of the susceptibility to tuberculosis in monozygous twins. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31712. [PMID: 38845983 PMCID: PMC11153169 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a complex disease with a spectrum of outcomes for more than six decades; however, the genomic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying the highly heritable susceptibility to TB remain unclear. Methods Integrated sequence-based genomic, transcriptomic, and methylation analyses were conducted to identity the genetic factors associated with susceptibility to TB in two pairs of Mongolian monozygous twins. In this study, whole-genome sequencing was employed to analyze single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions and deletions (InDels), and copy number variations (CNVs). Gene expression was assessed through RNA sequencing, and methylation patterns were examined using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip. The gene-gene interaction network was analyzed using differentially expressed genes. Results Our study revealed no significant difference in SNP and InDel profiles between participants with and without TB. Genes with CNVs were involved in human immunity (human leukocyte antigen [HLA] family and interferon [IFN] pathway) and the inflammatory response. Different DNA methylation patterns and mRNA expression profiles were observed in genes participating in immunity (HLA family) and inflammatory responses (IFNA, interleukin 10 receptor [IL-10R], IL-12B, Toll-like receptor, and IL-1B). Conclusions The results of this study suggested that susceptibility to TB is associated with transcriptional and epigenetic alternations of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. The genes in the HLA family (HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DRB1) and IFN pathway (IFN-α and IFN-γ) may play major roles in susceptibility to TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Batu Deligen
- Institute of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhiqiang Han
- Institute of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chaolumen Gerile
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xilinguole Meng Mongolian General Hospital, Xilinhaote, 026000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - An Da
- Institute of Mongolian Medicine Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, 028007, Inner Mongolia, China
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Gatti DM, Tyler AL, Mahoney JM, Churchill GA, Yener B, Koyuncu D, Gurcan MN, Niazi MKK, Tavolara T, Gower A, Dayao D, McGlone E, Ginese ML, Specht A, Alsharaydeh A, Tessier PA, Kurtz SL, Elkins KL, Kramnik I, Beamer G. Systems genetics uncover new loci containing functional gene candidates in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected Diversity Outbred mice. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1011915. [PMID: 38861581 PMCID: PMC11195971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects two billion people across the globe, and results in 8-9 million new tuberculosis (TB) cases and 1-1.5 million deaths each year. Most patients have no known genetic basis that predisposes them to disease. Here, we investigate the complex genetic basis of pulmonary TB by modelling human genetic diversity with the Diversity Outbred mouse population. When infected with M. tuberculosis, one-third develop early onset, rapidly progressive, necrotizing granulomas and succumb within 60 days. The remaining develop non-necrotizing granulomas and survive longer than 60 days. Genetic mapping using immune and inflammatory mediators; and clinical, microbiological, and granuloma correlates of disease identified five new loci on mouse chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 16; and three known loci on chromosomes 3 and 17. Further, multiple positively correlated traits shared loci on chromosomes 1, 16, and 17 and had similar patterns of allele effects, suggesting these loci contain critical genetic regulators of inflammatory responses to M. tuberculosis. To narrow the list of candidate genes, we used a machine learning strategy that integrated gene expression signatures from lungs of M. tuberculosis-infected Diversity Outbred mice with gene interaction networks to generate scores representing functional relationships. The scores were used to rank candidates for each mapped trait, resulting in 11 candidate genes: Ncf2, Fam20b, S100a8, S100a9, Itgb5, Fstl1, Zbtb20, Ddr1, Ier3, Vegfa, and Zfp318. Although all candidates have roles in infection, inflammation, cell migration, extracellular matrix remodeling, or intracellular signaling, and all contain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), SNPs in only four genes (S100a8, Itgb5, Fstl1, Zfp318) are predicted to have deleterious effects on protein functions. We performed methodological and candidate validations to (i) assess biological relevance of predicted allele effects by showing that Diversity Outbred mice carrying PWK/PhJ alleles at the H-2 locus on chromosome 17 QTL have shorter survival; (ii) confirm accuracy of predicted allele effects by quantifying S100A8 protein in inbred founder strains; and (iii) infection of C57BL/6 mice deficient for the S100a8 gene. Overall, this body of work demonstrates that systems genetics using Diversity Outbred mice can identify new (and known) QTLs and functionally relevant gene candidates that may be major regulators of complex host-pathogens interactions contributing to granuloma necrosis and acute inflammation in pulmonary TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Gatti
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | - Anna L. Tyler
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine, United States of America
| | | | | | - Bulent Yener
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
| | - Deniz Koyuncu
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, United States of America
| | - Metin N. Gurcan
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - MK Khalid Niazi
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Thomas Tavolara
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Adam Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Denise Dayao
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Emily McGlone
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Melanie L. Ginese
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Aubrey Specht
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anas Alsharaydeh
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Philipe A. Tessier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laval University School of Medicine, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sherry L. Kurtz
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Karen L. Elkins
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Igor Kramnik
- National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Gillian Beamer
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
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Chugh S, Bahal RK, Dhiman R, Singh R. Antigen identification strategies and preclinical evaluation models for advancing tuberculosis vaccine development. NPJ Vaccines 2024; 9:57. [PMID: 38461350 PMCID: PMC10924964 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00834-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
In its myriad devastating forms, Tuberculosis (TB) has existed for centuries, and humanity is still affected by it. Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), the causative agent of TB, was the foremost killer among infectious agents until the COVID-19 pandemic. One of the key healthcare strategies available to reduce the risk of TB is immunization with bacilli Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Although BCG has been widely used to protect against TB, reports show that BCG confers highly variable efficacy (0-80%) against adult pulmonary TB. Unwavering efforts have been made over the past 20 years to develop and evaluate new TB vaccine candidates. The failure of conventional preclinical animal models to fully recapitulate human response to TB, as also seen for the failure of MVA85A in clinical trials, signifies the need to develop better preclinical models for TB vaccine evaluation. In the present review article, we outline various approaches used to identify protective mycobacterial antigens and recent advancements in preclinical models for assessing the efficacy of candidate TB vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Chugh
- Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Ritika Kar Bahal
- Marshall Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Rohan Dhiman
- Laboratory of Mycobacterial Immunology, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, 769008, Odisha, India
| | - Ramandeep Singh
- Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Tuberculosis Research Laboratory, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India.
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Yunusbaeva M, Borodina L, Terentyeva D, Bogdanova A, Zakirova A, Bulatov S, Altinbaev R, Bilalov F, Yunusbayev B. Excess fermentation and lactic acidosis as detrimental functions of the gut microbes in treatment-naive TB patients. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1331521. [PMID: 38440790 PMCID: PMC10910113 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1331521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The link between gut microbiota and host immunity motivated numerous studies of the gut microbiome in tuberculosis (TB) patients. However, these studies did not explore the metabolic capacity of the gut community, which is a key axis of impact on the host's immunity. Methods We used deep sequencing of fecal samples from 23 treatment-naive TB patients and 48 healthy donors to reconstruct the gut microbiome's metabolic capacity and strain/species-level content. Results We show that the systematic depletion of the commensal flora of the large intestine, Bacteroidetes, and an increase in Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria such as Streptococcaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Enterobacteriaceae explains the strong taxonomic divergence of the gut community in TB patients. The cumulative expansion of diverse disease-associated pathobionts in patients reached 1/4 of the total gut microbiota, suggesting a heavy toll on host immunity along with MTB infection. Reconstruction of metabolic pathways showed that the microbial community in patients shifted toward rapid growth using glycolysis and excess fermentation to produce acetate and lactate. Higher glucose availability in the intestine likely drives fermentation to lactate and growth, causing acidosis and endotoxemia. Discussion Excessive fermentation and lactic acidosis likely characterize TB patients' disturbed gut microbiomes. Since lactic acidosis strongly suppresses the normal gut flora, directly interferes with macrophage function, and is linked to mortality in TB patients, our findings highlight gut lactate acidosis as a novel research focus. If confirmed, gut acidosis may be a novel potential host-directed treatment target to augment traditional TB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milyausha Yunusbaeva
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biomedicine, International Institute “Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies”, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Liliya Borodina
- Department of Tuberculosis Monitoring, Republican Clinical Antituberculous Dispensary, Ufa, Russia
| | - Darya Terentyeva
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biomedicine, International Institute “Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies”, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Bogdanova
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Biomedicine, International Institute “Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies”, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Aigul Zakirova
- Department of Tuberculosis Monitoring, Republican Clinical Antituberculous Dispensary, Ufa, Russia
| | - Shamil Bulatov
- Department of Tuberculosis Monitoring, Republican Clinical Antituberculous Dispensary, Ufa, Russia
| | - Radick Altinbaev
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology of Learning, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Fanil Bilalov
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Republic Medical Genetic Centre, Ufa, Russia
- Department of Public Health and Health Organization with a course of ICPE, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russia
| | - Bayazit Yunusbayev
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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8
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Brown KL, Ramlall V, Zietz M, Gisladottir U, Tatonetti NP. Estimating the heritability of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 severity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:367. [PMID: 38191623 PMCID: PMC10774300 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44250-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has infected over 340 million people, prompting therapeutic research. While genetic studies can highlight potential drug targets, understanding the heritability of SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 severity can contextualize their results. To date, loci from meta-analyses explain 1.2% and 5.8% of variation in susceptibility and severity respectively. Here we estimate the importance of shared environment and additive genetic variation to SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and COVID-19 severity using pedigree data, PCR results, and hospitalization information. The relative importance of genetics and shared environment for susceptibility shifted during the study, with heritability ranging from 33% (95% CI: 20%-46%) to 70% (95% CI: 63%-74%). Heritability was greater for days hospitalized with COVID-19 (41%, 95% CI: 33%-57%) compared to shared environment (33%, 95% CI: 24%-38%). While our estimates suggest these genetic architectures are not fully understood, the shift in susceptibility estimates highlights the challenge of estimation during a pandemic, given environmental fluctuations and vaccine introduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vijendra Ramlall
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Physiology & Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael Zietz
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Undina Gisladottir
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas P Tatonetti
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Computational Biomedicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, West Hollywood, CA, USA.
- Cedars-Sinai Cancer, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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9
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Shah S, Priyanka, Sharma S. An Updated Trial Sequential Meta-analysis of Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism (Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1 and Apa1) and Risk to Tuberculosis. Indian J Clin Biochem 2024; 39:60-72. [PMID: 38223006 PMCID: PMC10784437 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-022-01091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is one of the most widely studied genes for the Tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility. Several studies have been conducted to establish some association between them but most of the time they are contradictory and underpowered. So, a trial sequential meta-analysis between VDR gene polymorphisms and TB susceptibility can provide a better understanding of the relationship. A meta-analysis was carried out using a total of 17 case-control studies which includes Fok1 (14 Studies), Bsm1 (8 Studies), Apa1 (8 Studies) and Taq1 (12 Studies) polymorphisms in the VDR gene searched from Pubmed and Google Scholar. Pooled Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated using StatsDirect Version 3, using random effects model. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was also performed to assess if the statistical significance of the meta-analysis was within monitoring boundaries. It was found that the individuals with BB genotype of Bsm1 polymorphism with OR = 0.713 (95%CI = 0.521, 0.974; p value < 0.05) and FF genotype of Fok1 polymorphism with pooled OR = 0.716 (95%CI = 0.523, 0.979; p value < 0.05) had decreased incidence of TB. Also, the aa genotype of Apa1 gene polymorphism increases susceptibility to TB with pooled OR = 1.997 (95%CI = 1.121, 3.558; p value < 0.05). All these analyses reached the required information size through TSA analysis. No statistically significant result was found for Taq1 polymorphisms and TB susceptibility. VDR polymorphisms in Fok1 and Bsm1 played protective roles against development of TB infection, while Apa1 appeared to have a significant association to TB susceptibility. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12291-022-01091-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Shah
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Priyanka
- Department of Zoology, Miranda House, DS Kothari Central Facility for Interdisciplinary Research (DSKC), University of Delhi, Miranda House, 110007 Delhi, India
| | - Sadhna Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Miranda House, DS Kothari Central Facility for Interdisciplinary Research (DSKC), University of Delhi, Miranda House, 110007 Delhi, India
- Department of Zoology, Miranda House, University of Delhi, 110007 Delhi, India
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10
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Gatti DM, Tyler AL, Mahoney JM, Churchill GA, Yener B, Koyuncu D, Gurcan MN, Niazi M, Tavolara T, Gower AC, Dayao D, McGlone E, Ginese ML, Specht A, Alsharaydeh A, Tessier PA, Kurtz SL, Elkins K, Kramnik I, Beamer G. Systems genetics uncover new loci containing functional gene candidates in Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected Diversity Outbred mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.21.572738. [PMID: 38187647 PMCID: PMC10769337 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.21.572738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacillus that causes tuberculosis (TB), infects 2 billion people across the globe, and results in 8-9 million new TB cases and 1-1.5 million deaths each year. Most patients have no known genetic basis that predisposes them to disease. We investigated the complex genetic basis of pulmonary TB by modelling human genetic diversity with the Diversity Outbred mouse population. When infected with M. tuberculosis, one-third develop early onset, rapidly progressive, necrotizing granulomas and succumb within 60 days. The remaining develop non-necrotizing granulomas and survive longer than 60 days. Genetic mapping using clinical indicators of disease, granuloma histopathological features, and immune response traits identified five new loci on mouse chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 16 and three previously identified loci on chromosomes 3 and 17. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1, 16, and 17, associated with multiple correlated traits and had similar patterns of allele effects, suggesting these QTLs contain important genetic regulators of responses to M. tuberculosis. To narrow the list of candidate genes in QTLs, we used a machine learning strategy that integrated gene expression signatures from lungs of M. tuberculosis-infected Diversity Outbred mice with gene interaction networks, generating functional scores. The scores were then used to rank candidates for each mapped trait in each locus, resulting in 11 candidates: Ncf2, Fam20b, S100a8, S100a9, Itgb5, Fstl1, Zbtb20, Ddr1, Ier3, Vegfa, and Zfp318. Importantly, all 11 candidates have roles in infection, inflammation, cell migration, extracellular matrix remodeling, or intracellular signaling. Further, all candidates contain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and some but not all SNPs were predicted to have deleterious consequences on protein functions. Multiple methods were used for validation including (i) a statistical method that showed Diversity Outbred mice carrying PWH/PhJ alleles on chromosome 17 QTL have shorter survival; (ii) quantification of S100A8 protein levels, confirming predicted allele effects; and (iii) infection of C57BL/6 mice deficient for the S100a8 gene. Overall, this work demonstrates that systems genetics using Diversity Outbred mice can identify new (and known) QTLs and new functionally relevant gene candidates that may be major regulators of granuloma necrosis and acute inflammation in pulmonary TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Gatti
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
| | - A L Tyler
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME
| | | | | | - B Yener
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - D Koyuncu
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - M N Gurcan
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
| | - Mkk Niazi
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
| | - T Tavolara
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC
| | - A C Gower
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - D Dayao
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA
| | - E McGlone
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA
| | - M L Ginese
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA
| | - A Specht
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA
| | - A Alsharaydeh
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - P A Tessier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laval University School of Medicine, Quebec, Canada
| | - S L Kurtz
- Center for Biologics, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
| | - K Elkins
- Center for Biologics, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD
| | - I Kramnik
- NIEDL, Boston University, Boston, MA
| | - G Beamer
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
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11
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Mekonnen D, Munshea A, Nibret E, Adnew B, Herrera-Leon S, Amor Aramendia A, Benito A, Abascal E, Jacqueline C, Aseffa A, Herrera-Leon L. Comparative whole-genome sequence analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from pulmonary tuberculosis and tuberculous lymphadenitis patients in Northwest Ethiopia. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1211267. [PMID: 37455714 PMCID: PMC10348828 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1211267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), is a chronic infectious disease with both pulmonary and extrapulmonary forms. This study set out to investigate and compare the genomic diversity and transmission dynamics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) isolates obtained from tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBLN) and pulmonary TB (PTB) cases in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted using two groups of samples collected between February 2021 and June 2022 (Group 1) and between June 2020 and June 2022 (Group 2) in Northwest Ethiopia. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from 200 heat-inactivated Mtb isolates. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed from 161 isolates having ≥1 ng DNA/μl using Illumina NovaSeq 6000 technology. Results From the total 161 isolates sequenced, 146 Mtb isolates were successfully genotyped into three lineages (L) and 18 sub-lineages. The Euro-American (EA, L4) lineage was the prevailing (n = 100; 68.5%) followed by Central Asian (CAS, L3, n = 43; 25.3%) and then L7 (n = 3; 2.05%). The L4.2.2.ETH sub-lineage accounted for 19.9%, while Haarlem estimated at 13.7%. The phylogenetic tree revealed distinct Mtb clusters between PTB and TBLN isolates even though there was no difference at lineages and sub-lineages levels. The clustering rate (CR) and recent transmission index (RTI) for PTB were 30 and 15%, respectively. Similarly, the CR and RTI for TBLN were 31.1 and 18 %, respectively. Conclusion and recommendations PTB and TBLN isolates showed no Mtb lineages and sub-lineages difference. However, at the threshold of five allelic distances, Mtb isolates obtained from PTB and TBLN form distinct complexes in the phylogenetic tree, which indicates the presence of Mtb genomic variation among the two clinical forms. The high rate of clustering and RTI among TBLN implied that TBLN was likely the result of recent transmission and/or reactivation from short latency. Hence, the high incidence rate of TBLN in the Amhara region could be the result of Mtb genomic diversity and rapid clinical progression from primary infection and/or short latency. To validate this conclusion, a similar community-based study with a large sample size and better sampling technique is highly desirable. Additionally, analysis of genomic variants other than phylogenetic informative regions could give insightful information. Combined analysis of the host and the pathogen genome (GXG) together with environmental (GxGxE) factors could give comprehensive co-evolutionary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mekonnen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Health Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Amhara Public Health Institute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Abaineh Munshea
- Health Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Endalkachew Nibret
- Health Biotechnology Division, Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | | | - Silvia Herrera-Leon
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Agustín Benito
- National Center of Tropical Medicine, Institute of Health Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Abascal
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Camille Jacqueline
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- European Public Health Microbiology Training Programme, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abraham Aseffa
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Laura Herrera-Leon
- National Centre for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Publica, Madrid, Spain
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12
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Wu C, Liu H, Lin Y, An R, Wang M, Zhong H, Yi H, Wang Q, Tan H, Chen L, Deng J, Chen M. Polymorphisms in PI3K/AKT genes and gene‑smoking interaction are associated with susceptibility to tuberculosis. Ann Hum Biol 2023; 50:472-479. [PMID: 38117222 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2023.2288008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (AKT) are involved in the clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) by macrophages. AIM This study aimed to investigate the effects of polymorphisms in the PI3K/AKT genes and the gene-smoking interaction on susceptibility to TB. METHODS This case-control study used stratified sampling to randomly select 503 TB patients and 494 control subjects. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association between the polymorphisms and TB. Simultaneously, the marginal structure linear dominance model was used to estimate the gene-smoking interaction. RESULTS Genotypes GA (OR 1.562), AA (OR 2.282), and GA + AA (OR 1.650) at rs3730089 of the PI3KR1 gene were significantly associated with the risk to develop TB. Genotypes AG (OR 1.460), GG (OR 2.785), and AG + GG (OR 1.622) at rs1130233 of the AKT1 gene were significantly associated with the risk to develop TB. In addition, the relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) between rs3730089 and smoking was 0.9608 (95% CI: 0.5959, 1.3256, p < 0.05), which suggests a positive interaction. CONCLUSION We conclude that rs3730089 and rs1130233 are associated with susceptibility to TB, and there was positive interaction between rs3730089 and smoking on susceptibility to TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huixia Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rongjing An
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hengzhong Yi
- Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiaozhi Wang
- Hunan Province Chest Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongzhuan Tan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lizhang Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Deng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Mengshi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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13
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Errami A, El Baghdadi J, Ailal F, Benhsaien I, Ouazahrou K, Abel L, Casanova JL, Boisson-Dupuis S, Bustamante J, Bousfiha AA. Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease: an overview. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43042-022-00358-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mycobacteria include ubiquitous species of varying virulence. However, environmental and individual-specific factors, particularly host genetics, play a crucial role in the outcome of exposure to mycobacteria. The first molecular evidence of a monogenic predisposition to mycobacteria came from the study of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD), a rare inborn error of IFN-γ immunity conferring a selective susceptibility to infections even with low virulent mycobacteria, in patients, mostly children, without recognizable immune defects in routine tests. This article provides a global and updated description of the most important molecular, cellular, and clinical features of all known monogenic defects of MSMD.
Results
Over the last 20 years, 19 genes were found to be mutated in MSMD patients (IFNGR1, IFNGR2, IFNG, IL12RB1, IL12RB2, IL23R, IL12B, ISG15, USP18, ZNFX1, TBX21, STAT1, TYK2, IRF8, CYBB, JAK1, RORC, NEMO, and SPPL2A), and the allelic heterogeneity at these loci has led to the definition of 35 different genetic defects. Despite the clinical and genetic heterogeneity, almost all genetic etiologies of MSMD alter the interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-mediated immunity, by impairing or abolishing IFN-γ production or the response to this cytokine or both. It was proven that the human IFN-γ level is a quantitative trait that defines the outcome of mycobacterial infection.
Conclusion
The study of these monogenic defects contributes to understanding the molecular mechanism of mycobacterial infections in humans and to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to improve care and prognosis. These discoveries also bridge the gap between the simple Mendelian inheritance and complex human genetics.
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14
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Ogishi M, Yang R, Rodriguez R, Golec DP, Martin E, Philippot Q, Bohlen J, Pelham SJ, Arias AA, Khan T, Ata M, Al Ali F, Rozenberg F, Kong XF, Chrabieh M, Laine C, Lei WT, Han JE, Seeleuthner Y, Kaul Z, Jouanguy E, Béziat V, Youssefian L, Vahidnezhad H, Rao VK, Neven B, Fieschi C, Mansouri D, Shahrooei M, Pekcan S, Alkan G, Emiroğlu M, Tokgöz H, Uitto J, Hauck F, Bustamante J, Abel L, Keles S, Parvaneh N, Marr N, Schwartzberg PL, Latour S, Casanova JL, Boisson-Dupuis S. Inherited human ITK deficiency impairs IFN-γ immunity and underlies tuberculosis. J Exp Med 2023; 220:213662. [PMID: 36326697 PMCID: PMC9641312 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20220484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of IFN-γ immunity can underlie tuberculosis (TB). We report three patients from two kindreds without EBV viremia or disease but with severe TB and inherited complete ITK deficiency, a condition associated with severe EBV disease that renders immunological studies challenging. They have CD4+ αβ T lymphocytopenia with a concomitant expansion of CD4-CD8- double-negative (DN) αβ and Vδ2- γδ T lymphocytes, both displaying a unique CD38+CD45RA+T-bet+EOMES- phenotype. Itk-deficient mice recapitulated an expansion of the γδ T and DN αβ T lymphocyte populations in the thymus and spleen, respectively. Moreover, the patients' T lymphocytes secrete small amounts of IFN-γ in response to TCR crosslinking, mitogens, or forced synapse formation with autologous B lymphocytes. Finally, the patients' total lymphocytes secrete small amounts of IFN-γ, and CD4+, CD8+, DN αβ T, Vδ2+ γδ T, and MAIT cells display impaired IFN-γ production in response to BCG. Inherited ITK deficiency undermines the development and function of various IFN-γ-producing T cell subsets, thereby underlying TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Ogishi
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,The David Rockefeller Graduate Program, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Rui Yang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Rémy Rodriguez
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Dominic P Golec
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Emmanuel Martin
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Quentin Philippot
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Bohlen
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Simon J Pelham
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Andrés Augusto Arias
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Primary Immunodeficiencies Group, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia.,School of Microbiology, University of Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Taushif Khan
- Department of Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manar Ata
- Department of Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fatima Al Ali
- Department of Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Flore Rozenberg
- Department of Virology, Cochin Hospital, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Xiao-Fei Kong
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Maya Chrabieh
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Candice Laine
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Wei-Te Lei
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Ji Eun Han
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Zenia Kaul
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Emmanuelle Jouanguy
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Vivien Béziat
- Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Leila Youssefian
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA.,Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Hassan Vahidnezhad
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA.,Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - V Koneti Rao
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Bénédicte Neven
- Pediatric Immunology and Hematology Department, Necker Hospital for Sick Children Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Claire Fieschi
- Clinical Immunology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP Université de Paris, Paris, France.,INSERM UMR1126, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Davood Mansouri
- Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shahrooei
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Laboratory of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sevgi Pekcan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Gulsum Alkan
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Melike Emiroğlu
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Tokgöz
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Meram School of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Jouni Uitto
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Philadelphia, PA.,Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Fabian Hauck
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Division of Pediatric Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jacinta Bustamante
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, Necker Hospital for Sick Children Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Nima Parvaneh
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nico Marr
- Department of Immunology, Research Branch, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.,College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Pamela L Schwartzberg
- Cell Signaling and Immunity Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sylvain Latour
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Department of Pediatrics, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
| | - Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY.,Imagine Institute, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France
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15
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Lu T, Wang M, Liu N, Zhang S, Shi L, Bao L, Luo F, Shi L, Liu S, Yao Y. Transporter Associated with Antigen Processing 1 Gene Polymorphisms Increase the Susceptibility to Tuberculosis. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:325-336. [PMID: 37077653 PMCID: PMC10108862 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s404339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Tuberculosis (TB) is known to result from a complex interaction between the host immune response and Mycobacterium infection. The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) plays an important role in the processing and presentation pathways for the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) antigen. To investigate the possible association of the TAP1 and TAP2 genes with TB. Patients and Methods A total of 449 TB patients and 435 control subjects were included in this study, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TAP gene, as well as TAP1 and TAP2 alleles, were genotyped. Results TAP gene association analysis of TB diseases showed that rs41551515-T in the TAP1 gene was significantly associated with susceptibility to TB (P=7.96E-04, OR=4.124, 95% CI: 1.683-10.102), especially pulmonary TB (PTB, P=6.84E-04, OR=4.350, 95% CI: 1.727-10.945), and the combination of rs1057141-T-rs1135216-C in the TAP1 gene significantly increased the risk of TB susceptibility (P=5.51E-05, OR=10.899, 95% CI: 2.555-46.493). Five novel TAP1 alleles were detected in Yunnan Han people, and the allele frequency of TAP1*unknown_3 (rs41555220-rs41549617-rs1057141-rs1135216-rs1057149-rs41551515: C-A-T-C-C-T) was notably increased in all TB patients, including in the PTB and EPTB subgroups, and was significantly associated with the risk of susceptibility to TB. However, no association between the TAP2 gene and TB was found in this study. Conclusion Host genetic variants of rs41551515-T and the combination rs1057141-T-rs1135216-C, as well as TAP1*unknown_3 may play a critical role in susceptibility to TB disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchang Lu
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minyi Wang
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqiong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, 650041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, 650041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, 650041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Shi
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyuan Liu
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shuyuan Liu, Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 871 68334483, Email
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China
- Yufeng Yao, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research & Development on Severe Infectious Disease, Kunming, 650118, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 871 68335632, Email
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Dabitao D, Bishai WR. Sex and Gender Differences in Tuberculosis Pathogenesis and Treatment Outcomes. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2023; 441:139-183. [PMID: 37695428 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-35139-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis remains a daunting public health concern in many countries of the world. A consistent observation in the global epidemiology of tuberculosis is an excess of cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis among males compared with females. Data from both humans and animals also suggest that males are more susceptible than females to develop active pulmonary disease. Similarly, male sex has been associated with poor treatment outcomes. Despite this growing body of evidence, little is known about the mechanisms driving sex bias in tuberculosis disease. Two dominant hypotheses have been proposed to explain the predominance of active pulmonary tuberculosis among males. The first is based on the contribution of biological factors, such as sex hormones and genetic factors, on host immunity during tuberculosis. The second is focused on non-biological factors such as smoking, professional exposure, and health-seeking behaviors, known to be influenced by gender. In this chapter, we review the literature regarding these two prevailing hypotheses by presenting human but also experimental animal studies. In addition, we presented studies aiming at examining the impact of sex and gender on other clinical forms of tuberculosis such as latent tuberculosis infection and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, which both appear to have their own specificities in relation to sex. We also highlighted potential intersections between sex and gender in the context of tuberculosis and shared future directions that could guide in elucidating mechanisms of sex-based differences in tuberculosis pathogenesis and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djeneba Dabitao
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Faculty of Medicine and Odonto-Stomatology, University Clinical Research Center (UCRC), University of Sciences, Techniques, and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali
| | - William R Bishai
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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Hu W, Xu K. Research progress on genetic control of host susceptibility to tuberculosis. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2022; 51:679-690. [PMID: 36915969 PMCID: PMC10262011 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2022-0484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The "Lübeck disaster", twins studies, adoptees studies, and other epidemiological observational studies have shown that host genetic factors play a significant role in determining the host susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and pathogenesis of tuberculosis. From linkage analyses to genome-wide association studies, it has been discovered that human leucocyte antigen (HLA) genes as well as non-HLA genes (such as SLC11A1, VDR, ASAP1 as well as genes encoding cytokines and pattern recognition receptors) are associated with tuberculosis susceptibility. To provide ideas for subsequent studies about risk prediction of MTB infection and the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis, we review the research progress on tuberculosis susceptibility related genes in recent years, focusing on the correlation of HLA genes and non-HLA genes with the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. We also report the results of an enrichment analysis of the genes mentioned in the article. Most of these genes appear to be involved in the regulation of immune system and inflammation, and are also closely related to autoimmune diseases.
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Ahmed M, Mackenzie J, Tezera L, Krause R, Truebody B, Garay-Baquero D, Vallejo A, Govender K, Adamson J, Fisher H, Essex JW, Mansour S, Elkington P, Steyn AJC, Leslie A. Mycobacterium tuberculosis senses host Interferon-γ via the membrane protein MmpL10. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1317. [PMID: 36456824 PMCID: PMC9715692 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is one of the most successful human pathogens. Several cytokines are known to increase virulence of bacterial pathogens, leading us to investigate whether Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), a central regulator of the immune defense against Mtb, has a direct effect on the bacteria. We found that recombinant and T-cell derived IFN-γ rapidly induced a dose-dependent increase in the oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of Mtb, consistent with increased bacterial respiration. This was not observed in attenuated Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), and did not occur for other cytokines tested, including TNF-α. IFN-γ binds to the cell surface of intact Mtb, but not BCG. Mass spectrometry identified mycobacterial membrane protein large 10 (MmpL10) as the transmembrane binding partner of IFN-γ, supported by molecular modelling studies. IFN-γ binding and the OCR response was absent in Mtb Δmmpl10 strain and restored by complementation with wildtype mmpl10. RNA-sequencing and RT-PCR of Mtb exposed to IFN-γ revealed a distinct transcriptional profile, including genes involved in virulence. In a 3D granuloma model, IFN-γ promoted Mtb growth, which was lost in the Mtb Δmmpl10 strain and restored by complementation, supporting the involvement of MmpL10 in the response to IFN-γ. Finally, IFN-γ addition resulted in sterilization of Mtb cultures treated with isoniazid, indicating clearance of phenotypically resistant bacteria that persist in the presence of drug alone. Together our data are the first description of a mechanism allowing Mtb to respond to host immune activation that may be important in the immunopathogenesis of TB and have use in novel eradication strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ahmed
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa
- College of Health Sciences, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Jared Mackenzie
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Liku Tezera
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Robert Krause
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa
- College of Health Sciences, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Barry Truebody
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Diana Garay-Baquero
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Andres Vallejo
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Katya Govender
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa
- College of Health Sciences, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - John Adamson
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Hayden Fisher
- Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jonathan W Essex
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Salah Mansour
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Paul Elkington
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
- Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Adrie J C Steyn
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, 35294, USA
| | - Alasdair Leslie
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, 4001, South Africa.
- College of Health Sciences, School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa.
- Department of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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VanValkenburg A, Kaipilyawar V, Sarkar S, Lakshminarayanan S, Cintron C, Prakash Babu S, Knudsen S, Joseph NM, Horsburgh CR, Sinha P, Ellner JJ, Narasimhan PB, Johnson WE, Hochberg NS, Salgame P. Malnutrition leads to increased inflammation and expression of tuberculosis risk signatures in recently exposed household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1011166. [PMID: 36248906 PMCID: PMC9554585 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1011166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) develop latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and remain at risk for progressing to active tuberculosis disease (TB). Malnutrition is an important risk factor driving progression from LTBI to TB. However, the performance of blood-based TB risk signatures in malnourished individuals with LTBI remains unexplored. The aim of this study was to determine if malnourished and control individuals had differences in gene expression, immune pathways and TB risk signatures. Methods We utilized data from 50 tuberculin skin test positive household contacts of persons with TB - 18 malnourished participants (body mass index [BMI] < 18.5 kg/m2) and 32 controls (individuals with BMI ≥ 18.5 kg/m2). Whole blood RNA-sequencing was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was applied to the DEGs to identify top canonical pathways and gene regulators. Gene enrichment methods were then employed to score the performance of published gene signatures associated with progression from LTBI to TB. Results Malnourished individuals had increased activation of inflammatory pathways, including pathways involved in neutrophil activation, T-cell activation and proinflammatory IL-1 and IL-6 cytokine signaling. Consistent with known association of inflammatory pathway activation with progression to TB disease, we found significantly increased expression of the RISK4 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.734) and PREDICT29 (AUC = 0.736) progression signatures in malnourished individuals. Conclusion Malnourished individuals display a peripheral immune response profile reflective of increased inflammation and a concomitant increased expression of risk signatures predicting progression to TB. With validation in prospective clinical cohorts, TB risk biomarkers have the potential to identify malnourished LTBI for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur VanValkenburg
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vaishnavi Kaipilyawar
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Sonali Sarkar
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Subitha Lakshminarayanan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Chelsie Cintron
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Senbagavalli Prakash Babu
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Selby Knudsen
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Noyal Mariya Joseph
- Department of Microbiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - C. Robert Horsburgh
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pranay Sinha
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jerrold J. Ellner
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Prakash Babu Narasimhan
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - W. Evan Johnson
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Natasha S. Hochberg
- Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Padmini Salgame
- Department of Medicine, Center for Emerging Pathogens, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
- *Correspondence: Padmini Salgame,
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20
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Wu S, Ding X, Yang Q, Wang M, He JQ. Association of Three SNPs Loci of Kelch-Like-ECH-Associated Protein 1 (Human) with Tuberculosis in Chinese Han Population. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:6365-6372. [PMID: 35935100 PMCID: PMC9355661 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s373555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Progression from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) to pulmonary TB (PTB) was associated with genetic polymorphisms, but there were limited genetic polymorphism data on LTBI and PTB. We aimed at examining the association of KEAP1 gene polymorphisms with PTB and LTBI. Patients and Methods PTB patients and close contacts of PTB patients were recruited from West China Hospital of Sichuan University. After obtaining the patient’s consent, we draw 2–5mL of blood from the patient’s peripheral vein. Tag-SNPs of KEAP1 were chosen according to previous studies. The genotyping was done by improved multiplex ligase detection reaction (iMLDR). We used logistic regression to assess the association of SNPs with LTBI/PTB, with sex and age as covariates. Results A total of 209 PTB patients, 201 LTBI, and 204 HCS were included in the present study. Three Tag-SNPs were included in this study. Significant association was found for KEAP1 rs1048290 between LTBI and HCS. Compared with the KEAP1 rs1048290 CC genotype, genotype GC had an 38% decreased risk for development LTBI (P = 0.043, OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.039–0.98). We also found that SNPs in KEAP1 were significantly related to PTB compared to LTBI. Compared with the rs11545829G allele, allele A had an 30% decreased risk for development PTB (P = 0.034, OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.51–0.97). We also found the rs11668429 polymorphism was related to PTB. Compared with TT, GT had a significantly increased risk of LTBI developing into PTB (P = 0.041, OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.02–2.77). Conclusion Our study suggested that KEAP1 polymorphisms were significantly related to susceptibility to PTB and LTBI subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouquan Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Ding
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianlan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minggui Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian-Qing He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jian-Qing He, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37, Guo Xue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18980602293, Fax +86-028-85422571, Email
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21
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Liu Q, Chen X, Dai X. The association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with tuberculosis susceptibility in several regional populations. Cytokine 2022; 156:155915. [PMID: 35653894 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE By collecting the data of all relevant articles, the goal of this study was to better understand the relationship between the IL-6/IL-18 polymorphism and susceptibility to tuberculosis in several regional populations. METHODS Pubmed, Embase, WOS and CNKI were used to find relevant literature. The findings of separate research were merged using Review Manager. RESULTS A total of 25 studies were included in this study. IL-6 rs1800795 (dominant. comparison: p-value < 0.0001, OR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.23-1.67; recessive comparison: p-value < 0.0001, OR 0.48, 95 % CI 0.35-0.65; allele comparison: p-value < 0.0001, OR 1.43, 95 % CI 1.27-1.62), IL-18 rs1946518 (dominant comparison: p-value = 0.01, OR 1.19, 95 % CI 1.04-1.35; recessive comparison: p-value = 0.01, OR 0.82, 95 % CI 0.71-0.96; allele comparison: p-value = 0.002, OR 1.14, 95 % CI 1.05-1.24), IL-18 rs187238 (dominant comparison: p-value = 0.0002, OR 1.35, 95 % CI 1.15-1.58; allele comparison: p-value < 0.0001, OR 1.31, 95 % CI 1.14-1.50). All gene polymorphisms were shown to be substantially linked to tuberculosis in the general population. Positive findings of rs187238 and rs1800795 polymorphisms were primarily driven by several regional populations, according to subgroup analyses. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis found that the the IL-6 rs1800795and IL-18 rs187238 polymorphisms may have a role in TB susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Liu
- Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, No. 28 Baofeng Road, Qiaokou District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Xianxiang Chen
- Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, No. 28 Baofeng Road, Qiaokou District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Xiyong Dai
- Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital, Wuhan Institute for Tuberculosis Control, No. 28 Baofeng Road, Qiaokou District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China.
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22
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Shah JA, Warr AJ, Graustein AD, Saha A, Dunstan SJ, Thuong NTT, Thwaites GE, Caws M, Thai PVK, Bang ND, Chau TTH, Khor CC, Li Z, Hibberd M, Chang X, Nguyen FK, Hernandez CA, Jones MA, Sassetti CM, Fitzgerald KA, Musvosvi M, Gela A, Hanekom WA, Hatherill M, Scriba TJ, Hawn TR. REL and BHLHE40 Variants Are Associated with IL-12 and IL-10 Responses and Tuberculosis Risk. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1352-1361. [PMID: 35217585 PMCID: PMC8917052 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The major human genes regulating Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced immune responses and tuberculosis (TB) susceptibility are poorly understood. Although IL-12 and IL-10 are critical for TB pathogenesis, the genetic factors that regulate their expression in humans are unknown. CNBP, REL, and BHLHE40 are master regulators of IL-12 and IL-10 signaling. We hypothesized that common variants in CNBP, REL, and BHLHE40 were associated with IL-12 and IL-10 production from dendritic cells, and that these variants also influence adaptive immune responses to bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination and TB susceptibility. We characterized the association between common variants in CNBP, REL, and BHLHE40, innate immune responses in dendritic cells and monocyte-derived macrophages, BCG-specific T cell responses, and susceptibility to pediatric and adult TB in human populations. BHLHE40 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs4496464 was associated with increased BHLHE40 expression in monocyte-derived macrophages and increased IL-10 from peripheral blood dendritic cells and monocyte-derived macrophages after LPS and TB whole-cell lysate stimulation. SNP BHLHE40 rs11130215, in linkage disequilibrium with rs4496464, was associated with increased BCG-specific IL-2+CD4+ T cell responses and decreased risk for pediatric TB in South Africa. SNPs REL rs842634 and rs842618 were associated with increased IL-12 production from dendritic cells, and SNP REL rs842618 was associated with increased risk for TB meningitis. In summary, we found that genetic variations in REL and BHLHE40 are associated with IL-12 and IL-10 cytokine responses and TB clinical outcomes. Common human genetic regulation of well-defined intermediate cellular traits provides insights into mechanisms of TB pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeed A Shah
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA;
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Andrew D Graustein
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA
| | | | | | - Nguyen T T Thuong
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Guy E Thwaites
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Maxine Caws
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Zheng Li
- Genome Institute of Singapore, A-STAR, Singapore
| | - Martin Hibberd
- London School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xuling Chang
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anele Gela
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Willem A Hanekom
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mark Hatherill
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Thomas J Scriba
- South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Cape Town, South Africa
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Sohail W. A 360-Degree View: An Autobiographical Case Report. Cureus 2021; 13:e20337. [PMID: 35036182 PMCID: PMC8752348 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The disease burden of tuberculosis (TB) has been declining in the developed world but the goal of eradicating TB seems like a daunting task in the developing regions. Patients with unrecognized TB or those receiving inappropriate treatment pose the greatest risk to the global burden of the disease. The aim of this article is to share the first-hand experience of a doctor, the author, contracting TB and the associated psychological impact. This change in role from a doctor to a patient came as an enlightening experience for the author and would give an insight into the psychological aspect when planning to find effective ways in the fight to eradicate TB.
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Baatjies L, Loxton AG, Williams MJ. Host and Bacterial Iron Homeostasis, an Underexplored Area in Tuberculosis Biomarker Research. Front Immunol 2021; 12:742059. [PMID: 34777355 PMCID: PMC8586213 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.742059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) "a human adapted pathogen" has found multiple ways to manipulate the host immune response during infection. The human immune response to Mtb infection is a highly complex cascade of reactions, with macrophages as preferred intracellular location. Interaction with the host through infection gives rise to expression of specific gene products for survival and multiplication within the host. The signals that the pathogens encounter during infection cause them to selectively express genes in response to signals. One strategy to identify Mtb antigens with diagnostic potential is to identify genes that are specifically induced during infection or in specific disease stages. The shortcomings of current immunodiagnostics include the failure to detect progression from latent infection to active tuberculosis disease, and the inability to monitor treatment efficacy. This highlights the need for new tuberculosis biomarkers. These biomarkers should be highly sensitive and specific diagnosing TB infection, specifically distinguishing between latent infection and active disease. The regulation of iron levels by the host plays a crucial role in the susceptibility and outcome of Mtb infection. Of interest are the siderophore biosynthetic genes, encoded by the mbt-1 and mbt-2 loci and the SUF (mobilization of sulphur) operon (sufR-sufB-sufD-sufC-csd-nifU-sufT), which encodes the primary iron-sulphur cluster biogenesis system. These genes are induced during iron limitation and intracellular growth of Mtb, pointing to their importance during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucinda Baatjies
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)-National Research Foundation (NRF) Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Andre G. Loxton
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)-National Research Foundation (NRF) Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Monique J. Williams
- Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)-National Research Foundation (NRF) Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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25
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C-Reactive Protein +1444C/T Polymorphism Is Associated with the Susceptibility to Pulmonary Tuberculosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2020:6634879. [PMID: 33415152 PMCID: PMC7769630 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6634879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective The T allele of C-reactive protein (CRP) +1444C/T (rs1130864) polymorphism was associated with increased risk for some inflammatory conditions. The objective of the study was to explore the association between the CRP +1444C/T polymorphism with the susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a Chinese population. Methods This case-control study enrolled 480 PTB patients and 480 healthy controls. The CRP +1444C/T polymorphism was determined using Sanger sequencing. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were assessed to examine the strength of genetic correlation. Results The genotype and allele frequencies of PTB patients differed from controls (CT vs. CC, OR = 1.924, 95% CI: 1.099-3.371, adjusted P value = 0.022; T vs. C, OR = 1.884, 95% CI: 1.085-3.273, adjusted P value = 0.024). Stratified analysis by sex found that PTB patients' genotype and allele frequencies differed from controls in the male subgroup but not the female subgroup. Conclusion In conclusion, the minor T allele of CRP +1444C/T polymorphism was associated with increased PTB risk.
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Kravitz A, Pelzer K, Sriranganathan N. The Paratuberculosis Paradigm Examined: A Review of Host Genetic Resistance and Innate Immune Fitness in Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis Infection. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:721706. [PMID: 34485444 PMCID: PMC8414637 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.721706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Paratuberculosis, or Johne's Disease (JD) is a debilitating chronic enteritis mainly affecting ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). This organism causes worldwide economic losses to the livestock industry, and is of public health importance due to the potential zoonotic risk between MAP and Crohn's disease (CD) in humans. Without economical treatments, or a vaccine capable of preventing infection without causing cross-reactions with bovine tuberculosis, test-and-cull methods for disease control are imperative. Unfortunately, difficulties in diagnostics and long subclinical stage hinder adequate control and is further complicated by variation in MAP exposure outcome. Interestingly, the majority of infections result in asymptomatic presentation and never progress to clinical disease. One contributing factor is host genetics, where polymorphisms in innate immune genes have been found to influence resistance and susceptibility to disease. Candidate genes identified across studies overlap with those found in CD and tuberculosis including; Solute carrier family 11 member 1 gene (SLC11A1), Nucleotide-binding-oligomerization domain containing gene 2 (NOD2), Major histocompatibility complex type II (MHC-II), and Toll-like receptor (TLR) genes. This review will highlight evidence supporting the vital role of these genes in MAP infection outcome, associated challenges, and implications for the future of JD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Kravitz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Center for One Health Research, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Kevin Pelzer
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Nammalwar Sriranganathan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Center for One Health Research, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, United States
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Liu S, Liu N, Wang H, Zhang X, Yao Y, Zhang S, Shi L. CCR5 Promoter Polymorphisms Associated With Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Chinese Han Population. Front Immunol 2021; 11:544548. [PMID: 33679683 PMCID: PMC7935552 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.544548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB), an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a major public health concern. Chemokines and their receptors, such as RANTES, CXCR3, and CCR5, have been reported to play important roles in cell activation and migration in immune responses against TB infection. Methods To understand the correlations involving CCR5 gene variations, M. tuberculosis infection, and TB disease progression, a case-control study comprising 450 patients with TB and 306 healthy controls from a Chinese Han population was conducted, along with the detection of polymorphisms in the CCR5 promoter using a sequencing method. Results After adjustment for age and gender, the results of logistic analysis indicated that the frequency of rs2734648-G was significantly higher in the TB patient group (P = 0.002, OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.123-1.696); meanwhile, rs2734648-GG showed notable susceptibility to TB (P = 6.32E-06, OR = 2.173, 95% CI: 1.546-3.056 in a recessive model). The genotypic frequency of rs1799987 also varied between the TB and control groups (P = 0.008). In stratified analysis, rs2734648-GG significantly increased susceptibility to pulmonary TB in a recessive model (P < 0.0001, OR = 2.382, 95% CI: 1.663-3.413), and the rs2734648-G allele significantly increased susceptibility to TB recurrence in a dominant model (P = 0.0032, OR = 1.936, 95% CI: 1.221-3.068), whereas rs1799987-AA was associated with susceptibility to pulmonary TB (P = 0.0078, OR = 1.678, 95% CI: 1.141-2.495 in a recessive model) but not with extra-pulmonary TB and TB recurrence. A haplotype constructed with the major alleles of the eight SNPs in the CCR5 promoter (rs2227010-rs2856758-rs2734648-rs1799987-rs1799988-rs41469351-rs1800023-rs1800024: A-A-G-G-T-C-G-C) exhibited extraordinarily increased risk of susceptibility to TB and pulmonary TB (P = 6.33E-11, OR = 24.887, 95% CI: 6.081-101.841). Conclusion In conclusion, CCR5 promoter polymorphisms were found to be associated with pulmonary TB and TB progression in Chinese Han people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyuan Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Wang
- The Third People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | | | - Li Shi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
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Uren C, Hoal EG, Möller M. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and human coadaptation: a two-way street complicating host susceptibility to TB. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 30:R146-R153. [PMID: 33258469 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For centuries, the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) has infected numerous populations, both human and non-human, causing symptomatic tuberculosis (TB) in some hosts. Research investigating the MTBC and how it has evolved with its host over time is sparse and has not resulted in many significant findings. There are even fewer studies investigating adaptation of the human host susceptibility to TB and these have largely focused on genome-wide association and candidate gene association studies. However, results emanating from these association studies are rarely replicated and appear to be population specific. It is, therefore, necessary to relook at the approach taken to investigate the relationship between the MTBC and the human host. Understanding that the evolution of the pathogen is coupled to the evolution of the host might be the missing link needed to effectively investigate their relationship. We hypothesize that this knowledge will bolster future efforts in combating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Uren
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, 8000 Cape Town, South Africa.,Centre for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Stellenbosch University, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Eileen G Hoal
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, 8000 Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marlo Möller
- DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, 8000 Cape Town, South Africa.,Centre for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Stellenbosch University, 7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa
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29
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Zhang S, Liu S, Liu N, Li C, Wang H, Shi L, Zhang X, Bao L, Yao Y, Shi L. Polymorphisms in ERAP1 and ERAP2 Genes Are Associated With Tuberculosis in the Han Chinese. Front Genet 2020; 11:566190. [PMID: 33250919 PMCID: PMC7676896 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.566190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase (ERAP1 and ERAP2) genes are associated with the pathogenesis of bacterial and viral infections. To search for the variations in the ERAP1 and ERAP2 genes associated with tuberculosis (TB), 449 TB cases and 435 healthy individuals of the Han population in the Yunnan province of China were included in the present study. Eleven SNPs of ERAPs were genotyped using the SNaPshot SNP assay. Allelic, genotypic, and haplotypic association analyses were performed between the TB and control groups. Furthermore, stratification analyses among pulmonary TB (PTB), extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), and healthy controls; and initial treatment TB (ITTB), retreatment TB (RTB), and healthy controls were also performed. The TT genotype of rs26618 in ERAP1 exhibited a protective factor for TB, compared with the role of the CC/CT genotype (P = 0.003; OR = 1.490, 95% CI: 1.140-1.940). In ERAP2, the frequency of the G allele of rs2549782 was higher in the case group than in the control group (0.491 vs. 0.417, P = 0.002, OR = 1.350, 95% CI: 1.118-1.631), and the TT genotype exhibited a protective factor for TB, compared with the role of the GG/GT genotype (P = 0.001; OR = 1.650, 95% CI: 1.230-2.220). The frequency of the C allele of rs1056893 was higher in the case group than in the control group (0.468 vs. 0.394, P = 0.002, OR = 1.350, 95% CI: 1.118-1.631), and the genotype exhibited a difference in the log-additive model (P = 0.002; OR = 1.350, 95% CI: 1.120-1.630). The frequencies of the haplotype rs27037-rs27044-s30187-rs26618-rs26653-rs3734016-GCCCGC in ERAP1 (0.290 vs. 0.240, P-adj = 0.028, OR = 1.320, 95% CI: 1.063-1.638) and the haplotypes rs2549782-rs2248374-rs2287988-rs1056893-GTAGC in ERAP2 (0.446 vs. 0.348, P-adj = 4.80E-05, OR = 1.510, 95% CI: 1.246-1.829) was higher in the TB groups, while the frequencies of the haplotypes rs2549782-rs2248374-rs2287988-rs1056893-TAGAT (0.478 vs. 0.539, P-adj = 0.020, OR = 0.782, 95% CI: 0.649-0.943) were lower in the TB groups. The allelic and genotypic associations were also investigated in the subsequent stratification between the PTB, EPTB and control groups as well as between the ITTB, RTB, and control groups. In conclusion, variations in ERAP1 and ERAP2 genes were identified to be associated with TB in the Han Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shuyuan Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Chuanyin Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Hui Wang
- The Third People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
| | - Xinwen Zhang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Ling Bao
- The Third People's Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China.,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Vaccine Research and Development on Severe Infectious Diseases, Kunming, China
| | - Li Shi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, China
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30
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Olvany JM, Sausville LN, White MJ, Tacconelli A, Tavera G, Sobota RS, Ciccacci C, Bohlbro AS, Wejse C, Williams SM, Sirugo G. CLEC4E (Mincle) genetic variation associates with pulmonary tuberculosis in Guinea-Bissau (West Africa). INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020; 85:104560. [PMID: 32971250 PMCID: PMC7962542 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. According to the WHO, 85% of cases in 2018 were pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), making it the most prevalent form of the disease. Although the bacillus responsible for disease, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is estimated to infect 1.7 billion people worldwide, only a small portion of those infected (5-10%) will transition into active TB. Because such a small fraction of infected people develop active disease, we hypothesized that underlying host genetic variation associates with developing active pulmonary disease. Variation in CLEC4E has been of interest in previous association studies showing either no effect or protection from PTB. For our study we assessed 60 SNPs in 11 immune genes, including CLEC4E, using a case-control study from Guinea-Bissau. The 289 cases and 322 controls differed in age, sex, and ethnicity all of which were included in adjusted models. Initial association analysis with unadjusted logistic regression revealed putative association with seven SNPs (p < 0.05). All SNPs were then assessed in an adjusted model. Of the six SNPs that remained significant, three of them were assigned to the CLEC4E gene (rs12302046, rs10841847, and rs11046143). Of these, only rs10841847 passed FDR adjustment for multiple testing. Adjusted regression analyses showed that the minor allele at rs10841847 associated with higher risk of developing PTB (OR = 1.55, CI = 1.22-1.96, p-value = 0.00036). Based on these initial association tests, CLEC4E seemed to be the predictor of interest for PTB risk in this population. Haplotype analysis (2-SNP and 3-SNP windows) showed that minor alleles in segments including rs10841847 were the only ones to pass the threshold of global significance, compared to other haplotypes (p-value < 0.05). Linkage disequilibrium patterns showed that rs12302046 is in high LD with rs10841847 (r2 = 0.67), and all other SNPs lost significance when adjusted for rs10841847 effects. These findings indicate that rs10841847 in CLEC4E is the single best predictor of pulmonary tuberculosis risk in our study population. These results provide evidence for the hypothesis that genetic variation of CLEC4E influences risk to TB in Guinea-Bissau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine M Olvany
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Lindsay N Sausville
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Marquitta J White
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Gloria Tavera
- Department of Clinical Translational Science Collaborative, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rafal S Sobota
- Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Cinzia Ciccacci
- UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Anders S Bohlbro
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Christian Wejse
- Bandim Health Project, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre and Statens Serum Institute, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Aarhus University, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Scott M Williams
- Departments of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, and Genetics and Genome Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Giorgio Sirugo
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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31
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Culturomics Discloses Anti-Tubercular Enterococci Exclusive of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Preliminary Report. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8101544. [PMID: 33036349 PMCID: PMC7599504 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8101544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes pulmonary tuberculosis, a deadly infection of which the clinical expression and prognosis are not fully understood at the individual level, apart from genetic susceptibility traits. We investigated whether individual gut microbiota may correlate with pulmonary tuberculosis status. Culturomics investigations of gut microbiota in two pulmonary tuberculosis patients and two controls in Burkina Faso found 60 different bacterial species in patients and 97 in controls, including 45 in common. Further analysis of the results at the individual level indicated seven bacteria, including Enterococcus mundtii and Enterococcus casseliflavus, which were exclusively cultured in controls. Blind quantitative PCR-based exploration of faeces samples in two cohorts in Burkina Faso and in France confirmed a nonsignificant association of E. mundtii and E. casseliflavus with controls. Further in vitro explorations found four E. mundtii and E. casseliflavus strains inhibiting the growth of M. tuberculosis strains representative of four different lineages as well as Mycobacterium africanum, Mycobacterium canettii, and Mycobacterium bovis, in an inoculum-dependent manner. Heat-killed E. mundtii or E. casseliflavus were ineffective. These unprecedented observations of direct interactions between gut E. mundtii and E. casseliflavus with M. tuberculosis complex mycobacteria suggest that gut microbiota may modulate the expression of pulmonary tuberculosis.
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32
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Kim SS, Lee SI, Jin HS, Park S. Tuberculosis risk is associated with genetic polymorphisms in the LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes. Genes Genomics 2020; 42:1189-1196. [PMID: 32803705 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-020-00971-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D (Vit. D) is used extensively during tuberculosis treatment. Low levels of serum Vit. D increase the risk of active tuberculosis development. Altered expression of the proteins involved in Vit. D metabolism impairs cathelicidin production, thereby increasing the host susceptibility to tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE We are trying to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes could affect tuberculosis development. METHODS We included participants of the Korean Association Resource (KARE), part of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), and used their recorded data. A total of 8840 people (4182 men and 4658 women) were eligible subjects. The 5-kb regions from the ends of transcripts of GC, LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes were amplified to select 13, 47, 70, and 15 SNPs, respectively. For association analysis and statistical analysis, PLINK version 1.07 and PASW Statistics version 18.0 were used. RESULTS Significant correlation was observed in 11, 2, and 1 SNPs in LRP2, CUBN, and VDR genes. The effect of rs6747692 of LRP2 on transcription factor binding was confirmed using RegulomeDB. We confirmed that rs2239182 of VDR is located in the genomic eQTL region and can affect transcription factor binding and gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Genetic polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in Vit. D metabolism influence immune system components. Therefore, such polymorphisms may influence the susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis invasion and alter the defense mechanisms against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The correlation between genetic variation and tuberculosis development can provide new guidelines for the management of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Sang In Lee
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Hyun-Seok Jin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Chungnam, Korea
| | - Sangjung Park
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Life and Health Sciences, Hoseo University, Asan, 31499, Chungnam, Korea.
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McHenry ML, Williams SM, Stein CM. Genetics and evolution of tuberculosis pathogenesis: New perspectives and approaches. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020; 81:104204. [PMID: 31981609 PMCID: PMC7192760 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is the most lethal infectious disease globally, but the vast majority of people who are exposed to the primary causative pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), do not develop active disease. Most people do, however, show signs of infection that remain throughout their lifetimes. In this review, we develop a framework that describes several possible transitions from pathogen exposure to TB disease and reflect on the genetics studies to address many of these. The evidence strongly supports a human genetic component for both infection and active disease, but many of the existing studies, including some of our own, do not clearly delineate what transition(s) is being explicitly examined. This can make interpretation difficult in terms of why only some people develop active disease. Nonetheless, both linkage peaks and associations with either active disease or latent infection have been identified. For transition to active disease, pathways defined as active TB altered T and B cell signaling in rheumatoid arthritis and T helper cell differentiation are significantly associated. Pathways that affect transition from exposure to infection are less clear-cut, as studies of this phenotype are less common, and a primary response, if it exists, is not yet well defined. Lastly, we discuss the role that interaction between the MTB lineage and human genetics can play in TB disease, especially severity. Severity of TB is at present the only way to study putative co-evolution between MTB and humans as it is impossible in the absence of disease to know the MTB lineage(s) to which an individual has been exposed. In addition, even though severity has been defined in multiple heterogeneous ways, it appears that MTB-human co-evolution may shape pathogenicity. Further analysis of co-evolution, requiring careful analysis of paired samples, may be the best way to completely assess the genetic basis of TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L McHenry
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Scott M Williams
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
| | - Catherine M Stein
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
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Evangelatos G, Koulouri V, Iliopoulos A, Fragoulis GE. Tuberculosis and targeted synthetic or biologic DMARDs, beyond tumor necrosis factor inhibitors. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2020; 12:1759720X20930116. [PMID: 32612710 PMCID: PMC7309385 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x20930116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) have an increased risk for tuberculosis (TB). The use of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) and glucocorticoids in these patients has been associated with an increased prevalence of latent TB reactivation. Over the last few years, several biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), other than TNFi (e.g. rituximab, abatacept, tocilizumab, secukinumab) and targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) [e.g. apremilast, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors] have been used for the treatment of patients with ARD. For many of these drugs, especially the newer ones like JAK inhibitors or antibodies against interleukin (IL)-23, most data stem from randomized clinical trials and few are available from real life clinical experience. We sought to review the current evidence for TB risk in patients with ARD treated with tsDMARDs or bDMARDs, other than TNFi. It seems that some of these drugs are associated with a lower TB risk, indirectly compared with TNFi treatment. In fact, it appears that rituximab, apremilast and inhibitors of IL-17 and IL-23 might be safer, while more data are needed for JAK inhibitors. As seen in TNFi, risk for TB is more pronounced in TB-endemic areas. Screening for latent TB must precede initiation of any tsDMARDs or bDMARDs. The growing use of non-TNFi agents has raised the need for more real-life studies that would compare the risk for TB between TNFi and other treatment modalities for ARD. Knowledge about the TB-safety profile of these drugs could help in the decision of drug choice in patients with confirmed latent TB infection or in TB endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos Evangelatos
- Rheumatology Department, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital (NIMTS), Monis Petraki 10-12, Athens, 11521, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Koulouri
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexios Iliopoulos
- Rheumatology Department, 417 Army Share Fund Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - George E Fragoulis
- Rheumatology Unit, First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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35
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Azad AK, Lloyd C, Sadee W, Schlesinger LS. Challenges of Immune Response Diversity in the Human Population Concerning New Tuberculosis Diagnostics, Therapies, and Vaccines. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:139. [PMID: 32322562 PMCID: PMC7156588 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Universal approaches to the prevention and treatment of human diseases fail to take into account profound immune diversity resulting from genetic variations across populations. Personalized or precision medicine takes into account individual lifestyle, environment, and biology (genetics and immune status) and is being adopted in several disease intervention strategies such as cancer and heart disease. However, its application in infectious diseases, particularly global diseases such as tuberculosis (TB), is far more complex and in a state of infancy. Here, we discuss the impact of human genetic variations on immune responses and how they relate to failures seen in current TB diagnostic, therapy, and vaccine approaches across populations. We offer our perspective on the challenges and potential for more refined approaches going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abul K Azad
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Christopher Lloyd
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Wolfgang Sadee
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Pharmacogenomics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Host-Pathogen Interaction Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
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36
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Boisson-Dupuis S. The monogenic basis of human tuberculosis. Hum Genet 2020; 139:1001-1009. [PMID: 32055999 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-020-02126-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of tuberculosis (TB) remains poorly understood, as no more than 5-10% of individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis go on developing clinical disease. The contribution of human genetics to TB pathogenesis has been amply documented by means of classic genetics since the turn of the twentieth century. Over the last 20 years, following-up on the study of Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial disease (MSMD), monogenic disorders have been found to underlie TB in some patients. Rare inborn errors of immunity, such as autosomal recessive, complete IL-12Rβ1 and TYK2 deficiencies, impairing the IL-12- and IL-23-dependent induction of IFN-γ, were initially identified in a few patients. More recently, homozygosity for a common variant of TYK2 (P1104A) that selectively disrupts cellular responses to IL-23 was found in two cohorts of TB patients. It shows high penetrance in areas endemic for TB and appears to be responsible for about 1% of TB cases in populations of European descent. Both rare and common genetic etiologies of TB affect IFN-γ immunity, providing a rationale for novel preventive and therapeutic approaches for TB control, including the use of recombinant IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Boisson-Dupuis
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France. .,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France. .,St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, New York, USA.
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37
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Wu Q, Zhong H, Bai H, Liu T, Song J, Wen Y, Song X, Ying B. Clinical relevance of the lnc-HNF1B-3:1 genetic polymorphisms in Western Chinese tuberculosis patients. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 34:e23076. [PMID: 31692082 PMCID: PMC7083404 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis remains a global public health problem. Genetic polymorphisms may affect the susceptibility, clinical characteristics, and adverse drug reactions of patients with TB. The present study aimed to examine the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms of lncRNA‐HNF1B‐3:1 with the clinical manifestation of TB in a Western Chinese population. Method A total of 526 tuberculosis patients and 561 healthy subjects were recruited in Western China. The correlation between lnc‐HNF1B‐3:1 polymorphism and tuberculosis susceptibility was investigated. Moreover, the influence on adverse drug reactions following treatment was explored. A total of 7 SNPs within the lnc‐HNF1B‐3:1 locus was genotyped by the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction method. Results No significant associations were noted between TB susceptibility and the presence of all 7 SNPs of the lnc‐HNF1B‐3:1 as determined by single‐locus analysis (All P > .05). The AA genotype of rs12939622 (in the dominant model) and the AA genotype of rs4262994 (in the recessive model) caused increased susceptibility of the subjects to fever (P < .001 and P = .008, respectively). The Rs2542670 G allele was associated with increased risk of thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and chronic kidney damage following drug administration (P = .007, .029, .003, respectively). Conclusion The present study reported for the first time that the rs12939622, rs4262994 and rs2542670 genotypes in lnc‐HNF1B‐3:1 locus may influence the clinical manifestations of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R China
| | - Huiyu Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R China
| | - Hao Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R China
| | - Tangyuheng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R China
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R China
| | - Yang Wen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R China
| | - Xingbo Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R China
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38
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He C, Liu L. Associations of polymorphisms in IL-6 and IL-18 with tuberculosis: Evidence from a meta-analysis. Microb Pathog 2019; 139:103823. [PMID: 31676365 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between polymorphisms in interleukin-6 (IL-6)/interleukin-18 (IL-18) and tuberculosis (TB) were already reported by many publications. The aim of this meta-analysis was to better clarify associations between polymorphisms in IL-6/IL-18 and TB by combing the results of all relevant publications. METHODS Eligible publications were searched from Pubmed, Embase, WOS and CNKI. We used Review Manager to combine the results of individual studies. RESULTS Twenty-five studies were included in this study. IL-6 rs1800795 (dominant comparison: OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.23-1.67; recessive comparison: OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.35-0.65; allele comparison: OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.27-1.62), IL-18 rs1946518 (dominant comparison: OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-1.35; recessive comparison: OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71-0.96; allele comparison: OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05-1.24) and IL-18 rs187238 (dominant comparison: OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.15-1.58; allele comparison: OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.14-1.50) polymorphisms were all significantly associated with TB in the total population. Subgroup analyses showed that positive findings for rs1946518, rs187238 and rs1800795 polymorphisms were mainly driven by the Asians. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, this meta-analysis proved that IL-6 rs1800795, IL-18 rs1946518 and IL-18 rs187238 polymorphisms may confer susceptibility to TB, especially for Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyan He
- The Tuberculosisi Prevention and Care Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Liu
- The Tuberculosisi Prevention and Care Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, 710100, Shaanxi, China.
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39
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Seguel M, Beechler BR, Coon CC, Snyder PW, Spaan JM, Jolles AE, Ezenwa VO. Immune stability predicts tuberculosis infection risk in a wild mammal. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191401. [PMID: 31575363 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunity is one of the most variable phenotypic traits in animals; however, some individuals may show less fluctuation in immune traits, resulting in stable patterns of immune variation over time. It is currently unknown whether immune variation has consequences for infectious disease risk. In this study, we identified moderately stable immune traits in wild African buffalo and asked whether the stability of these traits affected bovine tuberculosis (TB) infection risk. We found that adaptive immune traits such as the level of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) released after white blood cell stimulation, the number of circulating lymphocytes and the level of antibodies against bovine adenovirus-3 were moderately repeatable (i.e. stable) over time, whereas parameters related to innate immunity either had low repeatability (circulating eosinophil numbers) or were not repeatable (e.g. neutrophil numbers, plasma bacteria killing capacity). Intriguingly, individuals with more repeatable IFN-γ and lymphocyte levels were at a significantly higher risk of acquiring TB infection. In stark contrast, average IFN-γ and lymphocyte levels were poor predictors of TB risk, indicating that immune variability rather than absolute response level better captured variation in disease susceptibility. This work highlights the important and under-appreciated role of immune variability as a predictor of infection risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Seguel
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Brianna R Beechler
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Courtney C Coon
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.,Felidae Conservation Fund, Mill Valley, CA, USA
| | - Paul W Snyder
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Johannie M Spaan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific Northwest, Western University of Health Sciences, Lebanon, OR, USA
| | - Anna E Jolles
- Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Vanessa O Ezenwa
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.,Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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40
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Boisson-Dupuis S, Ramirez-Alejo N, Li Z, Patin E, Rao G, Kerner G, Lim CK, Krementsov DN, Hernandez N, Ma CS, Zhang Q, Markle J, Martinez-Barricarte R, Payne K, Fisch R, Deswarte C, Halpern J, Bouaziz M, Mulwa J, Sivanesan D, Lazarov T, Naves R, Garcia P, Itan Y, Boisson B, Checchi A, Jabot-Hanin F, Cobat A, Guennoun A, Jackson CC, Pekcan S, Caliskaner Z, Inostroza J, Costa-Carvalho BT, de Albuquerque JAT, Garcia-Ortiz H, Orozco L, Ozcelik T, Abid A, Rhorfi IA, Souhi H, Amrani HN, Zegmout A, Geissmann F, Michnick SW, Muller-Fleckenstein I, Fleckenstein B, Puel A, Ciancanelli MJ, Marr N, Abolhassani H, Balcells ME, Condino-Neto A, Strickler A, Abarca K, Teuscher C, Ochs HD, Reisli I, Sayar EH, El-Baghdadi J, Bustamante J, Hammarström L, Tangye SG, Pellegrini S, Quintana-Murci L, Abel L, Casanova JL. Tuberculosis and impaired IL-23-dependent IFN-γ immunity in humans homozygous for a common TYK2 missense variant. Sci Immunol 2019; 3:3/30/eaau8714. [PMID: 30578352 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.aau8714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inherited IL-12Rβ1 and TYK2 deficiencies impair both IL-12- and IL-23-dependent IFN-γ immunity and are rare monogenic causes of tuberculosis, each found in less than 1/600,000 individuals. We show that homozygosity for the common TYK2 P1104A allele, which is found in about 1/600 Europeans and between 1/1000 and 1/10,000 individuals in regions other than East Asia, is more frequent in a cohort of patients with tuberculosis from endemic areas than in ethnicity-adjusted controls (P = 8.37 × 10-8; odds ratio, 89.31; 95% CI, 14.7 to 1725). Moreover, the frequency of P1104A in Europeans has decreased, from about 9% to 4.2%, over the past 4000 years, consistent with purging of this variant by endemic tuberculosis. Surprisingly, we also show that TYK2 P1104A impairs cellular responses to IL-23, but not to IFN-α, IL-10, or even IL-12, which, like IL-23, induces IFN-γ via activation of TYK2 and JAK2. Moreover, TYK2 P1104A is properly docked on cytokine receptors and can be phosphorylated by the proximal JAK, but lacks catalytic activity. Last, we show that the catalytic activity of TYK2 is essential for IL-23, but not IL-12, responses in cells expressing wild-type JAK2. In contrast, the catalytic activity of JAK2 is redundant for both IL-12 and IL-23 responses, because the catalytically inactive P1057A JAK2, which is also docked and phosphorylated, rescues signaling in cells expressing wild-type TYK2. In conclusion, homozygosity for the catalytically inactive P1104A missense variant of TYK2 selectively disrupts the induction of IFN-γ by IL-23 and is a common monogenic etiology of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Boisson-Dupuis
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. .,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Noe Ramirez-Alejo
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhi Li
- Cytokine Signaling Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.,INSERM U1221, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Patin
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR2000, Paris, France.,Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Geetha Rao
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gaspard Kerner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Che Kang Lim
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Translational Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dimitry N Krementsov
- Department of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Nicholas Hernandez
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Cindy S Ma
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Qian Zhang
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Janet Markle
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruben Martinez-Barricarte
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Payne
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert Fisch
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caroline Deswarte
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Joshua Halpern
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthieu Bouaziz
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jeanette Mulwa
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Durga Sivanesan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tomi Lazarov
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rodrigo Naves
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia Garcia
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Clinical Laboratory Department School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yuval Itan
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Alix Checchi
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Jabot-Hanin
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Aurélie Cobat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | | | - Carolyn C Jackson
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sevgi Pekcan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Zafer Caliskaner
- Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Allergy and Immunology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Jaime Inostroza
- Jeffrey Modell Center for Diagnosis and Research in Primary Immunodeficiencies, Faculty of Medicine University of La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | | | | | | | - Lorena Orozco
- National Institute of Genomic Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tayfun Ozcelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmed Abid
- Department of Pneumology, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ismail Abderahmani Rhorfi
- Department of Pneumology, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco.,Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hicham Souhi
- Department of Pneumology, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Adil Zegmout
- Department of Pneumology, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Frédéric Geissmann
- Immunology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen W Michnick
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Bernhard Fleckenstein
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Virology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Puel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Michael J Ciancanelli
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Hassan Abolhassani
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - María Elvira Balcells
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical School, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonio Condino-Neto
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexis Strickler
- Department of Pediatrics, San Sebastián University, Santiago, Chile
| | - Katia Abarca
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Immunology, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cory Teuscher
- Department of Medicine, Immunobiology Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Hans D Ochs
- Seattle Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ismail Reisli
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | - Esra H Sayar
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Jacinta Bustamante
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Center for the Study of Primary Immunodeficiencies, AP-HP, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France
| | - Lennart Hammarström
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Translational Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Beijing Genomics Institute BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Stuart G Tangye
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.,St. Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandra Pellegrini
- Cytokine Signaling Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.,INSERM U1221, Paris, France
| | - Lluis Quintana-Murci
- Human Evolutionary Genetics Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France.,CNRS UMR2000, Paris, France.,Center of Bioinformatics, Biostatistics and Integrative Biology, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Abel
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. .,Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, INSERM U1163, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Imagine Institute, Paris, France.,Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
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41
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Oliveira-Cortez A, Froede EL, Cristine de Melo A, Sant'Anna CC, Pinto LA, Mauricio da Rocha EM, Di Lorenzo Oliveira C, Camargos P. Low Prevalence of Latent Tuberculosis Infection among Contacts of Smear-Positive Adults in Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2019; 101:1077-1082. [PMID: 31482780 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This follow-up cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the prevalence rate and risk factors related to latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (TB) in children aged < 15 years in contact with adults with smear-positive pulmonary TB (PTB) in a Brazilian municipality. Data were collected from interviews, clinical evaluations, chest X-rays, tuberculin skin tests, and interferon gamma release assays. The median time elapsed between diagnosis of the index case (IC) and inclusion in the study was 2.5 years (interquartile range [IQR] = 1.5-4.4) and 7.4 years (IQR = 3.8-9.7) when we reassessed the development (or not) of active TB. The median age at the time of exposure to the IC was 6.6 years (IQR = 3.3-9.4) and 14.1 years (IQR = 8.9-17.7) at the last follow-up. Of the 99 children and adolescents in contact with smear-positive PTB, 21.2% (95% CI = 14.0-29.9) were diagnosed with LTBI, and none developed active TB. There was no statistically significant difference between the LTBI and non-LTBI groups regarding demographic, socioeconomic, and epidemiological characteristics. Unlike national and international scenarios, we found a lower frequency of LTBI and no active TB among our studied patients. For better understanding of these findings, further studies might add, among other factors, host and Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic features.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Paulo Camargos
- Federal University of São João del-Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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42
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Luo Y, Suliman S, Asgari S, Amariuta T, Baglaenko Y, Martínez-Bonet M, Ishigaki K, Gutierrez-Arcelus M, Calderon R, Lecca L, León SR, Jimenez J, Yataco R, Contreras C, Galea JT, Becerra M, Nejentsev S, Nigrovic PA, Moody DB, Murray MB, Raychaudhuri S. Early progression to active tuberculosis is a highly heritable trait driven by 3q23 in Peruvians. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3765. [PMID: 31434886 PMCID: PMC6704092 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11664-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Of the 1.8 billion people worldwide infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 5-15% will develop active tuberculosis (TB). Approximately half will progress to active TB within the first 18 months after infection, presumably because they fail to mount an effective initial immune response. Here, in a genome-wide genetic study of early TB progression, we genotype 4002 active TB cases and their household contacts in Peru. We quantify genetic heritability ([Formula: see text]) of early TB progression to be 21.2% (standard error 0.08). This suggests TB progression has a strong genetic basis, and is comparable to traits with well-established genetic bases. We identify a novel association between early TB progression and variants located in a putative enhancer region on chromosome 3q23 (rs73226617, OR = 1.18; P = 3.93 × 10-8). With in silico and in vitro analyses we identify rs73226617 or rs148722713 as the likely functional variant and ATP1B3 as a potential causal target gene with monocyte specific function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sara Suliman
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samira Asgari
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tiffany Amariuta
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Yuriy Baglaenko
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marta Martínez-Bonet
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kazuyoshi Ishigaki
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jerome T Galea
- School of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Mercedes Becerra
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, and Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sergey Nejentsev
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Peter A Nigrovic
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D Branch Moody
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Megan B Murray
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, and Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Data Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Genetics and Genomics, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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43
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Fava VM, Schurr E. Evaluating the Impact of LTA4H Genotype and Immune Status on Survival From Tuberculous Meningitis. J Infect Dis 2019; 215:1011-1013. [PMID: 28419367 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jix052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius M Fava
- Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health.,McGill International TB Centre.,Department of Human Genetics, and
| | - Erwin Schurr
- Program in Infectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Health.,McGill International TB Centre.,Department of Human Genetics, and.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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44
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Lyadova I, Nikitina I. Cell Differentiation Degree as a Factor Determining the Role for Different T-Helper Populations in Tuberculosis Protection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:972. [PMID: 31134070 PMCID: PMC6517507 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient tuberculosis (TB) control depends on early TB prediction and prevention. Solution to these tasks requires knowledge of TB protection correlates (TB CoPs), i.e., laboratory markers that are mechanistically involved in the protection and which allow to determine how well an individual is protected against TB or how efficient the candidate TB vaccine is. The search for TB CoPs has been largely focused on different T-helper populations, however, the data are controversial, and no reliable CoPs are still known. Here we discuss the role of different T-helper populations in TB protection focusing predominantly on Th17, “non-classical” Th1 (Th1*) and “classical” Th1 (cTh1) populations. We analyze how these populations differ besides their effector activity and suggest the hypothesis that: (i) links the protective potential of Th17, Th1*, and cTh1 to their differentiation degree and plasticity; (ii) implies different roles of these populations in response to vaccination, latent TB infection (LTBI), and active TB. One of the clinically relevant outcomes of this hypothesis is that over-stimulating T cells during vaccination and biasing T cell response toward the preferential generation of Th1 are not beneficial. The review sheds new light on the problem of TB CoPs and will help develop better strategies for TB control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lyadova
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Histogenesis, Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Immunology, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Nikitina
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Histogenesis, Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Moscow, Russia.,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Immunology, Central Tuberculosis Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
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45
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Abstract
Chest is the commonest site of involvement by tuberculosis (TB) in children; lungs being the most frequently affected region, followed by nodes, pleura and chest wall. It is difficult to diagnose TB in children due to lack of overt symptoms and difficulty in obtaining samples for microbiological confirmation. Hence various imaging modalities play an important role in diagnostic algorithm as well as in follow-up after treatment. Standardization of chest radiograph reporting in context of clinically suspected TB is the need of the hour so as to suggest a proper diagnosis and avoid over-diagnosis. This article aims to discuss the imaging features of chest tuberculosis according to the site of involvement on various imaging modalities in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Naranje
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ashu Seith Bhalla
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.
| | - Poonam Sherwani
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India
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46
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Cheng S, Sun C, Lao W, Kang H. Association of VAMP8 rs1010 Polymorphism with Host Susceptibility to Pulmonary Tuberculosis in a Chinese Han Population. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019; 23:299-303. [PMID: 30945947 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: Autophagic eradication of pathogenic microbes, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is an effective host immune process that protects hosts from developing diseases associated with intracellular pathogens. This study was designed to investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the autophagy-related genes VAMP8 and VTI1B, and the susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a Chinese Han population. Materials and Methods: Two SNPs, rs1010 from the VAMP8 gene and rs15493 from the VTI1B gene, were examined in 202 PTB patients and 216 healthy controls using high-resolution melt-polymerase chain reaction. Results: The rs1010 SNP genotypes AG (p = 0.028) and GG (p = 0.016) were associated with increased susceptibility to PTB. However, the VTI1B rs15493 SNP had no impact on the susceptibility to PTB (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the rs1010 SNP of VAMP8 gene was significantly associated with the susceptibility to PTB. This result suggests that rs1010 genotyping could be used as prognostic biomarker to predict the risk of Mtb infection and/or PTB disease development after Mtb infection in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitong Cheng
- 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Chao Sun
- 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Wenting Lao
- 2 Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China.,3 Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Hui Kang
- 1 Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
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47
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Song J, Liu T, Zhao Z, Hu X, Wu Q, Peng W, Chen X, Ying B. Genetic polymorphisms of long noncoding RNA RP11-37B2.1 associate with susceptibility of tuberculosis and adverse events of antituberculosis drugs in west China. J Clin Lab Anal 2019; 33:e22880. [PMID: 30924187 PMCID: PMC6595342 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Little knowledge about the biological functions of RP11‐37B2.1, a newly defined long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) molecule, is currently available. Previous studies have shown rs160441, located in the RP11‐37B2.1 gene, is significantly associated with tuberculosis (TB) in a Ghanaian and the Gambian populations. Methods We investigated the influence of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within lncRNA RP11‐37B2.1 on the risk of TB and the possible correlation with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) from TB treatment in a Western Chinese population. Four SNPs within lncRNA RP11‐37B2.1 were genotyped in 554 TB cases and 561 healthy subjects using the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction method, and the patients were followed up monthly to monitor the development of ADRs. Results No significant association between the SNPs of lncRNA RP11‐37B2.1 and TB susceptibility was observed (all P > 0.05). Surprisingly, significant association was observed between two SNPs (rs218916 and rs160441) and thrombocytopenia development during anti‐TB therapy under the dominant model (P = 0.003 and 0.014, respectively). Conclusions Our findings firstly exhibit that rs218916 and rs160441 within lncRNA RP11‐37B2.1 significantly associate with the occurrence of thrombocytopenia and suggest RP11‐37B2.1 genetic variants are potential biosignatures for thrombocytopenia during anti‐TB treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tangyuheng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wu Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuerong Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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48
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Baindara P. Host-directed therapies to combat tuberculosis and associated non-communicable diseases. Microb Pathog 2019; 130:156-168. [PMID: 30876870 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has coevolved with a human host to evade and exploit the immune system in multiple ways. Mtb is an enormously successful human pathogen that can remain undetected in hosts for decades without causing clinical disease. While tuberculosis (TB) represents a perfect prototype of host-pathogen interaction, it remains a major challenge to develop new therapies to combat mycobacterial infections. Additionally, recent studies emphasize on comorbidity of TB with different non-communicable diseases (NCDs), highlighting the impact of demographic and lifestyle changes on the global burden of TB. In the recent past, host-directed therapies have emerged as a novel and promising approach to treating TB. Drugs modulating host responses are likely to avoid the development of bacterial resistance which is a major public health concern for TB treatment. Interestingly, many of these drugs also form treatment strategies for non-communicable diseases. In general, technological advances along with novel host-directed therapies may open an exciting and promising research area, which can eventually deliver effective TB treatment as well as curtail the emergent synergy with NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Baindara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA.
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49
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Polymorphisms in the STAT4 gene and tuberculosis susceptibility in a Chinese Han population. Microb Pathog 2019; 128:288-293. [PMID: 30660736 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) gene encodes a transcription factor that transmits signals induced by several cytokines which play critical roles in the development of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. We performed an association study between STAT4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and tuberculosis (TB). 624 TB cases and 598 healthy controls were studied to compare allele/genotype frequencies of 4 SNPs in STAT4. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression. Genotyping was performed with the Sequenom MassARRAY SNP genotyping platform. Out of 4 SNPs tested in the study, rs4853542 allele A showed a 25% decreased risk of TB compared with allele G (P = 0.013, OR = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.60-0.94). However, it did not show significant differences under any genetic model after Bonferroni correction. No association was found for the other 3 SNPs with TB. In subgroup analyses, the protective effects of rs485342 allele A were stronger among younger subjects <25 years (P = 0.002, OR = 0.49, 95%CI: 0.31-0.76). Allele A of the rs4853542 polymorphism in STAT4 is not associated with TB susceptibility, but we demonstrated that rs4853542A allele decreased risk of TB in younger adults after Bonferroni correction.
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50
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Mogensen TH. IRF and STAT Transcription Factors - From Basic Biology to Roles in Infection, Protective Immunity, and Primary Immunodeficiencies. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3047. [PMID: 30671054 PMCID: PMC6331453 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The induction and action of type I interferon (IFN) is of fundamental importance in human immune defenses toward microbial pathogens, particularly viruses. Basic discoveries within the molecular and cellular signaling pathways regulating type I IFN induction and downstream actions have shown the essential role of the IFN regulatory factor (IRF) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) families, respectively. However, the exact biological and immunological functions of these factors have been most clearly revealed through the study of inborn errors of immunity and the resultant infectious phenotypes in humans. The spectrum of human inborn errors of immunity caused by mutations in IRFs and STATs has proven very diverse. These diseases encompass herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) and severe influenza in IRF3- and IRF7/IRF9 deficiency, respectively. They also include Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial infection (MSMD) in STAT1 deficiency, through disseminated measles infection associated with STAT2 deficiency, and finally staphylococcal abscesses and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) classically described with Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) in the case of STAT3 deficiency. More recently, increasing focus has been on aspects of autoimmunity and autoinflammation playing an important part in many primary immunodeficiency diseases (PID)s, as exemplified by STAT1 gain-of-function causing CMC and autoimmune thyroiditis, as well as a recently described autoinflammatory syndrome with hypogammaglobulinemia and lymphoproliferation as a result of STAT3 gain-of-function. Here I review the infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders arising from mutations in IRF and STAT transcription factors in humans, highlightning the underlying molecular mechanisms and immunopathogenesis as well as the clinical/therapeutic perspectives of these new insights.
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MESH Headings
- Autoimmunity
- Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/genetics
- Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/immunology
- Candidiasis, Chronic Mucocutaneous/metabolism
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/genetics
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/immunology
- Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Influenza, Human/genetics
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/metabolism
- Interferon Regulatory Factors/genetics
- Interferon Regulatory Factors/immunology
- Interferon Regulatory Factors/metabolism
- Interferon Type I/immunology
- Interferon Type I/metabolism
- Janus Kinases/metabolism
- Job Syndrome/genetics
- Job Syndrome/immunology
- Job Syndrome/metabolism
- Mutation
- Mycobacterium Infections/genetics
- Mycobacterium Infections/immunology
- Mycobacterium Infections/metabolism
- Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta/metabolism
- STAT Transcription Factors/genetics
- STAT Transcription Factors/immunology
- STAT Transcription Factors/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine H. Mogensen
- Department of Infectious diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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