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Byrt CS, Zhang RY, Magrath I, Chan KX, De Rosa A, McGaughey S. Exploring aquaporin functions during changes in leaf water potential. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1213454. [PMID: 37615024 PMCID: PMC10442719 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1213454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of optimal leaf tissue humidity is important for plant productivity and food security. Leaf humidity is influenced by soil and atmospheric water availability, by transpiration and by the coordination of water flux across cell membranes throughout the plant. Flux of water and solutes across plant cell membranes is influenced by the function of aquaporin proteins. Plants have numerous aquaporin proteins required for a multitude of physiological roles in various plant tissues and the membrane flux contribution of each aquaporin can be regulated by changes in protein abundance, gating, localisation, post-translational modifications, protein:protein interactions and aquaporin stoichiometry. Resolving which aquaporins are candidates for influencing leaf humidity and determining how their regulation impacts changes in leaf cell solute flux and leaf cavity humidity is challenging. This challenge involves resolving the dynamics of the cell membrane aquaporin abundance, aquaporin sub-cellular localisation and location-specific post-translational regulation of aquaporins in membranes of leaf cells during plant responses to changes in water availability and determining the influence of cell signalling on aquaporin permeability to a range of relevant solutes, as well as determining aquaporin influence on cell signalling. Here we review recent developments, current challenges and suggest open opportunities for assessing the role of aquaporins in leaf substomatal cavity humidity regulation.
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Vaziriyeganeh M, Khan S, Zwiazek JJ. Analysis of aquaporins in northern grasses reveal functional importance of Puccinellia nuttalliana PIP2;2 in salt tolerance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:2159-2173. [PMID: 37051679 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the roles of aquaporins in salt tolerance, we cloned PIP2;1, PIP2;2, PIP2;3, PIP1;1, PIP1;3, and TIP1;1 aquaporins from three northern grasses varying is salt tolerance including the halophytic grass Puccinellia nuttalliana, moderately salt tolerant Poa juncifolia, and relatively salt sensitive Poa pratensis. We analysed aquaporin expression in roots by exposing the plants to 0 and 150 mM for 6 days in hydroponic culture. NaCl treatment upregulated several PIP transcripts in P. nuttalliana while decreasing PnuTIP1;1. The PnuPIP2;2 transcripts increased by about six-fold in P. nuttalliana, two-fold in Poa juncifolia, and did not change in Poa pratensis. The NaCl treatment enhanced the rate of water transport in yeast expressing PnuPIP2;2 by 56% compared with control. PnuPIP2,2 expression also resulted in a higher Na+ uptake in yeast cells compared with an empty vector suggesting that PnuPIP2;2 may have both water and ion transporting functions. Structural analysis revealed that the transport properties of PnuPIP2;2 could be affected by its unique pore characteristics, which include a combination of hourglass, cylindrical, and increasing diameter conical entrance shape with pore hydropathy of -0.22.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shanjida Khan
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Janusz J Zwiazek
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Malambane G, Madumane K, Sewelo LT, Batlang U. Drought stress tolerance mechanisms and their potential common indicators to salinity, insights from the wild watermelon (Citrullus lanatus): A review. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1074395. [PMID: 36815012 PMCID: PMC9939662 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1074395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has escalated the effect of drought on crop production as it has negatively altered the environmental condition. Wild watermelon grows abundantly in the Kgalagadi desert even though the environment is characterized by minimal rainfall, high temperatures and intense sunshine during growing season. This area is also characterized by sandy soils with low water holding capacity, thus bringing about drought stress. Drought stress affects crop productivity through its effects on development and physiological functions as dictated by molecular responses. Not only one or two physiological process or genes are responsible for drought tolerance, but a combination of various factors do work together to aid crop tolerance mechanism. Various studies have shown that wild watermelon possess superior qualities that aid its survival in unfavorable conditions. These mechanisms include resilient root growth, timely stomatal closure, chlorophyll fluorescence quenching under water deficit as key physiological responses. At biochemical and molecular level, the crop responds through citrulline accumulation and expression of genes associated with drought tolerance in this species and other plants. Previous salinity stress studies involving other plants have identified citrulline accumulation and expression of some of these genes (chloroplast APX, Type-2 metallothionein), to be associated with tolerance. Emerging evidence indicates that the upstream of functional genes are the transcription factor that regulates drought and salinity stress responses as well as adaptation. In this review we discuss the drought tolerance mechanisms in watermelons and some of its common indicators to salinity at physiological, biochemical and molecular level.
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Gómez-Méndez MF, Amezcua-Romero JC, Rosas-Santiago P, Hernández-Domínguez EE, de Luna-Valdez LA, Ruiz-Salas JL, Vera-Estrella R, Pantoja O. Ice plant root plasma membrane aquaporins are regulated by clathrin-coated vesicles in response to salt stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:199-218. [PMID: 36383186 PMCID: PMC9806614 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of root Plasma membrane (PM) Intrinsic Protein (PIP)-type aquaporins (AQPs) is potentially important for salinity tolerance. However, the molecular and cellular details underlying this process in halophytes remain unclear. Using free-flow electrophoresis and label-free proteomics, we report that the increased abundance of PIPs at the PM of the halophyte ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) roots under salinity conditions is regulated by clathrin-coated vesicles (CCV). To understand this regulation, we analyzed several components of the M. crystallinum CCV complexes: clathrin light chain (McCLC) and subunits μ1 and μ2 of the adaptor protein (AP) complex (McAP1μ and McAP2μ). Co-localization analyses revealed the association between McPIP1;4 and McAP2μ and between McPIP2;1 and McAP1μ, observations corroborated by mbSUS assays, suggesting that AQP abundance at the PM is under the control of CCV. The ability of McPIP1;4 and McPIP2;1 to form homo- and hetero-oligomers was tested and confirmed, as well as their activity as water channels. Also, we found increased phosphorylation of McPIP2;1 only at the PM in response to salt stress. Our results indicate root PIPs from halophytes might be regulated through CCV trafficking and phosphorylation, impacting their localization, transport activity, and abundance under salinity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julio César Amezcua-Romero
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, León, México
| | - Paul Rosas-Santiago
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
| | | | - Luis Alberto de Luna-Valdez
- Department of Microbiology & Plant Pathology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Jorge Luis Ruiz-Salas
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Rosario Vera-Estrella
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Omar Pantoja
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, México
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Ku YS, Cheng SS, Cheung MY, Law CH, Lam HM. The Re-Localization of Proteins to or Away from Membranes as an Effective Strategy for Regulating Stress Tolerance in Plants. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12121261. [PMID: 36557168 PMCID: PMC9788111 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The membranes of plant cells are dynamic structures composed of phospholipids and proteins. Proteins harboring phospholipid-binding domains or lipid ligands can localize to membranes. Stress perception can alter the subcellular localization of these proteins dynamically, causing them to either associate with or detach from membranes. The mechanisms behind the re-localization involve changes in the lipidation state of the proteins and interactions with membrane-associated biomolecules. The functional significance of such re-localization includes the regulation of molecular transport, cell integrity, protein folding, signaling, and gene expression. In this review, proteins that re-localize to or away from membranes upon abiotic and biotic stresses will be discussed in terms of the mechanisms involved and the functional significance of their re-localization. Knowledge of the re-localization mechanisms will facilitate research on increasing plant stress adaptability, while the study on re-localization of proteins upon stresses will further our understanding of stress adaptation strategies in plants.
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Yan S, Gong S, Sun K, Li J, Zhang H, Fan J, Gong Z, Zhang Z, Yan C. Integrated proteomics and metabolomics analysis of rice leaves in response to rice straw return. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:997557. [PMID: 36176680 PMCID: PMC9514043 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.997557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Straw return is crucial for the sustainable development of rice planting, but no consistent results were observed for the effect of straw return on rice growth. To investigate the response of rice leaves to rice straw return in Northeast China, two treatments were set, no straw return (S0) and rice straw return (SR). We analyzed the physiological index of rice leaves and measured differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) levels in rice leaves by the use of proteomics and metabolomics approaches. The results showed that, compared with the S0 treatment, the SR treatment significantly decreased the dry weight of rice plants and non-structural carbohydrate contents and destroyed the chloroplast ultrastructure. In rice leaves of SR treatment, 329 DEPs were upregulated, 303 DEPs were downregulated, 44 DEMs were upregulated, and 71 DEMs were downregulated. These DEPs were mainly involved in photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation, and DEMs were mainly involved in alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, galactose metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, pentose and gluconic acid metabolism, and other metabolic pathways. Rice straw return promoted the accumulation of scavenging substances of active oxygen and osmotic adjustment substances, such as glutathione, organic acids, amino acids, and other substances. The SR treatment reduced the photosynthetic capacity and energy production of carbon metabolism, inhibiting the growth of rice plants, while the increase of metabolites involved in defense against abiotic stress enhanced the adaptability of rice plants to straw return stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Yan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Shengdan Gong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Kexin Sun
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinwang Li
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongming Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jinsheng Fan
- Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenping Gong
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongxue Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Yan
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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Chen W, Zhou Y, Wu H, Zhang S, Yang R, Liu X. RhRab5ip, a new interactor of RhPIP1;1, was involved in flower opening of cut rose during water deficit. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 181:61-70. [PMID: 35430395 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Flower opening is a process primarily caused by water uptake-driven petal cell expansion. while which is easily affected by water deficit during transportation of cut flowers, resulting in abnormal flower opening. The knowledge of important players during this process remains limited. We previously reported that the aquaporin RhPIP1;1 plays an important role in ethylene-regulated petal cell expansion in rose flower. Here, we identified RhRab5ip as a new interactor of RhPIP1;1. RhRab5ip belongs to the Rab5-interacting protein (Rab5ip) family and may function in vesicle trafficking pathway. By using split ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid (SUY2H) system, bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and subcellular colocalization we confirmed the existence of physical interaction between RhPIP1;1 and RhRab5ip in yeast and plant cell. The interaction of these two proteins happened at the small punctate structures in the cytoplasm. Expression of RhRab5ip in petals increased substantially at the initial stage of flower opening and maintained at high level until flower wilting. The transcripts of both RhRab5ip and RhPIP1;1 were greatly up-regulated by ABA and GA3 treatments, while only RhPIP1;1 was down-regulated by ethylene. Moreover, both RhRab5ip and RhPIP1;1 were significantly induced by water deficit treatment after 12 h-treatment, when flowers started to wilt and showed neck bending. Taken together, these findings suggested that RhRab5ip might functionally coordinate with RhPIP1;1 in response to water deficit stress in rose flower, expanding our understanding of the possible involvement of Rab5ip protein in the regulatory network of flower opening during water deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yingying Zhou
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huimin Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ruoyun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China
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Handa N, Gupta P, Khanna K, Kohli SK, Bhardwaj R, Alam P, Ahmad P. Aquaporin-mediated transport: Insights into metalloid trafficking. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13687. [PMID: 35514154 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Metalloids in plants have diverse physiological effects. From being essential to beneficial to toxic, they have significant effects on many physiological processes, influencing crop yield and quality. Aquaporins are a group of membrane channels that have several physiological substrates along with water. Metalloids have emerged as one of their important substrates and they are found to have a substantial role in regulating plant metalloid homeostasis. The present review comprehensively details the multiple isoforms of aquaporins having specificity for metalloids and being responsible for their influx, distribution or efflux. In addition, it also highlights the usage of aquaporin-mediated transport as a selection marker in toxic screens and as tracer elements for closely related metalloids. Therefore, aquaporins, with their imperative contribution to the regulation of plant growth, development and physiological processes, need more research to unravel the metalloid trafficking mechanisms and their future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Handa
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pawan Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva, Gujarat, India
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Pravej Alam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University (PSAU), Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Saja-Garbarz D, Libik-Konieczny M, Fellner M, Jurczyk B, Janowiak F. Silicon-induced alterations in the expression of aquaporins and antioxidant system activity in well-watered and drought-stressed oilseed rape. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 174:73-86. [PMID: 35151109 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Progressing climate change necessitates the search for solutions of plant protection against the effects of water deficit. One of these solutions could be silicon supplementation. The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis that silicon changes aquaporin expression and antioxidant system activity in a direction which may alleviate the effects of drought stress in oilseed rape. The accumulation of BnPIP1, BnPIP2-1-7 and BnTIP1;1 aquaporins and the expression of their genes, the level of catalase, superoxide dismutase activities and hydrogen peroxide content as well as total non-enzymatic antioxidant activity were analyzed in leaf tissue from control and silicon-treated oilseed rape plants growing under well-watered and drought conditions. Silicon was applied in two forms - pure silicon and a silicon complex. It was shown that under drought conditions, both pure silicon and the silicon complex (with Fe) significantly increased the accumulation of aquaporins and improved the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of the antioxidant system, while under well-watered conditions, these effects were observed only in the case of the silicon complex. The presented study proves that silicon supplementation in oilseed rape improves the regulation of water management and contributes to the protection against oxidative stress caused by drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Saja-Garbarz
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Marta Libik-Konieczny
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Martin Fellner
- Group of Molecular Physiology, Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacky University in Olomouc & Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Šlechtitelů 27, Olomouc-Holice, 783 71, Czech Republic.
| | - Barbara Jurczyk
- Department of Physiology, Plant Breeding and Seed Science, University of Agriculture, Podłużna 3, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Franciszek Janowiak
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
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Su Y, Liu Z, Sun J, Wu C, Li Y, Zhang C, Zhao L. Genome-Wide Identification of Maize Aquaporin and Functional Analysis During Seed Germination and Seedling Establishment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:831916. [PMID: 35154233 PMCID: PMC8828918 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.831916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Water uptake facilitates the initiation of seed germination. It is presumed that aquaporin (AQP)-mediated water inflow contributes to seed germination, but the genetic evidence is still lacking. This study aimed at genome-wide identification of ZmAQPs and further determined the physiological functions. Following a comprehensive search, a total of 41 ZmAQPs were identified according to the latest genome database. Through bioinformatic approaches, the physicochemical characteristics, phylogenetic relationships, and structural features of ZmAQPs were analyzed. The gene expression analysis of 20 high-resolution and multi-tissues samples showed that ZmAQPs had distinct spatiotemporal and tissue-specific expression profiles during seed germination and early seedling development. We then focused on the aquaporin of maize tonoplast intrinsic protein 3 (ZmTIP3), which is specifically expressed in germinating seed. A mutant zmtip3-1 with disruption of the ZmTIP3-1 gene showed shorter shoot and root length, and decreased seedling dry weight compared with the control (W22). The result revealed that ZmTIP3-1 improved the absolute content of seed protein and promoted storage reserves mobilization, suggesting that ZmTIP3 may be a positive regulator of seed vigor. This work provides valuable clues for understanding the function and possible regulatory mechanism of ZmAQPs in seed germination and seedling growth.
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Wang Y, Xiao E, Wu G, Bai Q, Xu F, Ji X, Li C, Li L, Liu J. The roles of selectivity filters in determining aluminum transport by AtNIP1;2. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1991686. [PMID: 34709126 PMCID: PMC9208765 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1991686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are channel proteins involved in transporting a variety of substrates. It has been proposed that the constriction regions in the central pores of the AQP channels play a crucial role in determining transport substrates and activities of AQPs. Our previous results suggest that AtNIP1;2, a member of the AQP superfamily in Arabidopsis, facilitates aluminum transport across the plasma membrane. However, the functions of the constriction regions in AtNIP1;2-mediated transport activities are unclear. This study reports that residue substitutions of the constriction regions affect AtNIP1;2-mediated aluminum uptake, demonstrating the critical roles of the constriction regions for transport activities. Furthermore, a constriction region that partially or wholly mimics AtNIP5;1, a demonstrated boric-acid transporter, could not render the boric-acid transport activity to AtNIP1;2. Therefore, besides the constriction regions, other structural features are also involved in determining the nature of AtNIP1;2's transport activities.Abbreviations: AIAR: alanine-isoleucine-alanine-arginine; AIGR: alanine-isoleucine-glycine- arginine; AQP: aquaporin; Al-Mal: aluminum-malate; ar/R: aromatic/arginine; AVAR: alanine-valine-alanine-arginine; CK: control; H: helical domain; ICP-MS: inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; LA - LE: inter-helical loops A to E; NIP: nodulin 26-like intrinsic protein; NPA: asparagine-proline-alanine; NPG: asparagine-proline- glycine; NPS: asparagine-proline-Serine; NPV: asparagine-proline-valine; ORF: open reading frame; PIP: plasma membrane intrinsic proteins; SIP: small basic intrinsic proteins; TM: transmembrane helices; WIAR: tryptophan-isoleucine-alanine-arginine; WVAR: tryptophan-valine-alanine-arginine; WVGR: tryptophan-valine-glycine- arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Enzong Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guorong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Bai
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiyue Ji
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chune Li
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, Ny, USA
| | - Jiping Liu
- Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, USDA-ARS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
- Plant Breeding and Genetics Section, School of Integrative Plant Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, Ny, USA
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Miras-Moreno B, Zhang L, Senizza B, Lucini L. A metabolomics insight into the Cyclic Nucleotide Monophosphate signaling cascade in tomato under non-stress and salinity conditions. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 309:110955. [PMID: 34134851 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic Nucleotides Monophosphate (cNMP) are key signalling compounds whose role in plant cell signal transduction is still poorly understood. In this work we used sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor used in human, to amplify the signal cascade triggered by cNMP using tomato as model plant. Metabolomics was then used, together with plant growth and root architecture parameters, to unravel the changes elicited by PDE inhibition either under non-stress and 100 mM NaCl salinity conditions. The PDE inhibitor elicited a significant increase in biomass (+62 %) and root length (+56 %) under no stress conditions, and affected root architecture in terms of distribution over diameter classes. Together with cGMP, others cNMP were modulated by the treatment. Moreover, PDE inhibition triggered a broad metabolic reprogramming involving photosynthesis and secondary metabolism. A complex crosstalk network of phytohormones and other signalling compounds could be observed in treated plants. Nonetheless, metabolites related to redox imbalance processes and NO signalling could be highlighted in tomato following PDE application. Despite salinity damped down the growth-promoting effects of sildenafil, interesting implications in plant mitigation to stress-related detrimental effects could be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begoña Miras-Moreno
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Leilei Zhang
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Biancamaria Senizza
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy.
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13
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İbrahimova U, Kumari P, Yadav S, Rastogi A, Antala M, Suleymanova Z, Zivcak M, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Hussain S, Abdelhamid M, Hajihashemi S, Yang X, Brestic M. Progress in understanding salt stress response in plants using biotechnological tools. J Biotechnol 2021; 329:180-191. [PMID: 33610656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Salinization is a worldwide environmental problem, which is negatively impacting crop yield and thus posing a threat to the world's food security. Considering the rising threat of salinity, it is need of time, to understand the salt tolerant mechanism in plants and find avenues for the development of salinity resistant plants. Several plants tolerate salinity in a different manner, thereby halophytes and glycophytes evolved altered mechanisms to counter the stress. Therefore, in this review article, physiological, metabolic, and molecular aspects of the plant adaptation to salt stress have been discussed. The conventional breeding techniques for developing salt tolerant plants has not been much successful, due to its multigenic trait. The inflow of data from plant sequencing projects and annotation of genes led to the identification of many putative genes having a role in salt stress. The bioinformatics tools provided preliminary information and were helpful for making salt stress-specific databases. The microRNA identification and characterization led to unraveling the finer intricacies of the network. The transgenic approach finally paved a way for overexpressing some important genes viz. DREB, MYB, COMT, SOS, PKE, NHX, etc. conferred salt stress tolerance. In this review, we tried to show the effect of salinity on plants, considering ion homeostasis, antioxidant defense response, proteins involved, possible utilization of transgenic plants, and bioinformatics for coping with this stress factor. An overview of previous studies related to salt stress is presented in order to assist researchers in providing a potential solution for this increasing environmental threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulkar İbrahimova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 11 Izzat Nabiyev, Baku, AZ 1073, Azerbaijan
| | - Pragati Kumari
- Department of Life Science, Singhania University, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan 333515, India; Scientist Hostel-S-02, Chauras campus, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand 246174, India
| | - Saurabh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal (Central) University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Anshu Rastogi
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Michal Antala
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649 Poznan, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Zarifa Suleymanova
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnologies, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 11 Izzat Nabiyev, Baku, AZ 1073, Azerbaijan
| | - Marek Zivcak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Md Tahjib-Ul-Arif
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sajad Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | | | - Shokoofeh Hajihashemi
- Plant Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Khuzestan, 47189-63616, Iran
| | - Xinghong Yang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, A. Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
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14
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The pip1s Quintuple Mutants Demonstrate the Essential Roles of PIP1s in the Plant Growth and Development of Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041669. [PMID: 33562315 PMCID: PMC7915877 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) transport water, CO2 and small neutral solutes across the plasma membranes. In this study, we used the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated protein 9 system (CRISPR/Cas9) to mutate PIP1;4 and PIP1;5 in a pip1;1,2,3 triple mutant to generate a pip1;1,2,3,4,5 (pip1s−) quintuple mutant. Compared to the wild-type (WT) plant, the pip1s− mutants had smaller sized rosette leaves and flowers, less rosette leaf number, more undeveloped siliques, shorter silique and less seeds. The pollen germination rate of the pip1s− mutant was significantly lower than that of the WT and the outer wall of the pip1s− mutant’s pollen was deformed. The transcriptomic analysis showed significant alterations in the expression of many key genes and transcription factors (TFs) in the pip1s− mutant which involved in the development of leaf, flower and pollen, suggesting that the mutant of PIP1s not only directly affects hydraulics and carbon fixation, but also regulates the expression of related genes to affect plant growth and development.
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15
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Yepes-Molina L, Bárzana G, Carvajal M. Controversial Regulation of Gene Expression and Protein Transduction of Aquaporins under Drought and Salinity Stress. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121662. [PMID: 33261103 PMCID: PMC7761296 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Enhancement of the passage of water through membranes is one of the main mechanisms via which cells can maintain their homeostasis under stress conditions, and aquaporins are the main participants in this process. However, in the last few years, a number of studies have reported discrepancies between aquaporin messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and the number of aquaporin proteins synthesised in response to abiotic stress. These observations suggest the existence of post-transcriptional mechanisms which regulate plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) trafficking to the plasma membrane. This indicates that the mRNA synthesis of some aquaporins could be modulated by the accumulation of the corresponding encoded protein, in relation to the turnover of the membranes. This aspect is discussed in terms of the results obtained: on the one hand, with isolated vesicles, in which the level of proteins present provides the membranes with important characteristics such as resistance and stability and, on the other, with isolated proteins reconstituted in artificial liposomes as an in vitro method to address the in vivo physiology of the entire plant.
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16
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De Caroli M, Furini A, DalCorso G, Rojas M, Di Sansebastiano GP. Endomembrane Reorganization Induced by Heavy Metals. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E482. [PMID: 32283794 PMCID: PMC7238196 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Plant cells maintain plasmatic concentrations of essential heavy metal ions, such as iron, zinc, and copper, within the optimal functional range. To do so, several molecular mechanisms have to be committed to maintain concentrations of non-essential heavy metals and metalloids, such as cadmium, mercury and arsenic below their toxicity threshold levels. Compartmentalization is central to heavy metals homeostasis and secretory compartments, finely interconnected by traffic mechanisms, are determinant. Endomembrane reorganization can have unexpected effects on heavy metals tolerance altering in a complex way membrane permeability, storage, and detoxification ability beyond gene's expression regulation. The full understanding of endomembrane role is propaedeutic to the comprehension of translocation and hyper-accumulation mechanisms and their applicative employment. It is evident that further studies on dynamic localization of these and many more proteins may significantly contribute to the understanding of heavy metals tolerance mechanisms. The aim of this review is to provide an overview about the endomembrane alterations involved in heavy metals compartmentalization and tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica De Caroli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.D.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Antonella Furini
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Giovanni DalCorso
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (A.F.); (G.D.)
| | - Makarena Rojas
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.D.C.); (M.R.)
| | - Gian-Pietro Di Sansebastiano
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (M.D.C.); (M.R.)
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17
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Singh RK, Deshmukh R, Muthamilarasan M, Rani R, Prasad M. Versatile roles of aquaporin in physiological processes and stress tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:178-189. [PMID: 32078896 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are pore-forming transmembrane proteins that facilitate the movement of water and many other small neutral solutes across the cells and intracellular compartments. Plants exhibits high diversity in aquaporin isoforms and broadly classified into five different subfamilies on the basis of phylogenetic distribution and subcellular occurrence: plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), nodulin 26-like proteins (NIPs), small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs) and uncharacterized intrinsic proteins (XIPs). The gating mechanism of aquaporin channels is tightly regulated by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, glycosylation, and deamination. Aquaporin expression and transport functions are also modulated by the various phytohormones-mediated signalling in plants. Combined physiology and transcriptome analysis revealed the role of aquaporins in regulating hydraulic conductance in roots and leaves. The present review mainly focused on aquaporin functional activity during solute transport, plant development, abiotic stress response, and plant-microbe symbiosis. Genetically modified plants overexpressing aquaporin-encoding genes display improved agronomic and abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Kumar Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 140306, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Rekha Rani
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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18
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The Tonoplast Intrinsic Protein Gene KvTIP3 is Responsive to Different Abiotic Stresses in Kosteletzkya virginica. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2895795. [PMID: 31998785 PMCID: PMC6970491 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2895795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In higher plants, aquaporin proteins (AQPs) play important roles in the uptake of water across cell membranes. However, their functions in halophytes are still largely unknown. In this work, we isolated, cloned, and identified KvTIP3, a tonoplast intrinsic protein gene from Kosteletzkya virginica. Bioinformatic analyses demonstrated that KvTIP3 encoded a tonoplast protein with the common properties of AQPs. Further multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses showed that KvTIP3 shared 65%–82% homology with other AQPs from Arabidopsis, cotton, polar, and cocoa. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analyses revealed that KvTIP3 was ubiquitously expressed in various tissues such as leaves, stems, and roots, with a predominant expression in roots. In addition, KvTIP3 transcript was strongly induced by NaCl, low temperature, and ABA in K. virginica. Our findings suggest that KvTIP3 encodes a new AQP possibly involved in multiple abiotic stress responses in K. virginica, and KvTIP3 could be used as a potential candidate gene for the improvement of plants resistant to various abiotic stresses.
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19
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Hwang HH, Wang CH, Huang HW, Chiang CP, Chi SF, Huang FC, Yen HE. Functional analysis of McSnRK1 (SNF1-related protein kinase 1) in regulating Na/K homeostasis in transgenic cultured cells and roots of halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:915-926. [PMID: 31037366 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02412-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic callus and roots of ice plant with altered SnRK1 function were established using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The role of McSnRK1 in controlling Na+ influx and Na/K ratio was demonstrated. SnRK1 kinases (SNF1-related protein kinase1) control metabolic adaptation during energy deprivation and regulate protective mechanisms against environmental stress. Yeast SNF1 activates a P-type ATPase, the Na+ exclusion pump, under glucose starvation. The involvement of plant SnRK1 in salt stress response is largely unknown. We previously identified a salt-induced McSnRK1 in the halophyte ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum). In the current study, the function of McSnRK1 in salt tolerance was analyzed in transgenic cultured cells and roots of ice plant. Ice plant callus constitutively expressed a high level of McSnRK1 and introducing the full-length McSnRK1 did not alter the Na/K ratio at 24 h after 200 mM NaCl treatment. However, interfering with McSnRK1 activity by introducing a truncate McSnRK1 to produce a dominant-negative form of McSnRK1 increased cellular Na+ accumulation and Na/K ratio. As a result, the growth of cultured cells diminished under salt treatment. Hydroponically grown ice plants with roots expressing full-length McSnRK1 had better growth and lowered Na/K ratio compared to the wild-type or vector-only plants. Roots expressing a truncate McSnRK1 had reduced growth and high Na/K ratio under 400 mM NaCl treatment. The changes in Na/K ratio in transgenic cells and whole plants demonstrated the function of SnRK1 in controlling Na+ flux and maintaining Na/K homeostasis under salinity. The Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system could be a versatile tool for functional analysis of genes involved in salt tolerance in the ice plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hau-Hsuan Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hao Wang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Wei Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Pin Chiang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Fei Chi
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Chen Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Microbial Genomics, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Hungchen E Yen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
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20
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Ariani A, Barozzi F, Sebastiani L, di Toppi LS, di Sansebastiano GP, Andreucci A. AQUA1 is a mercury sensitive poplar aquaporin regulated at transcriptional and post-translational levels by Zn stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 135:588-600. [PMID: 30424909 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are water channel proteins that regulate plant development, growth, and response to environmental stresses. Populus trichocarpa is one of the plants with the highest number of aquaporins in its genome, but only few of them have been characterized at the whole plant functional level. Here we analyzed a putative aquaporin gene, aqua1, a gene that encodes for a protein of 257 amino acid with the typical NPA (Asp-Pro-Ala) signature motif of the aquaporin gene family. aqua1 was down-regulated of ∼10 fold under excess Zn in both leaves and roots, and conferred Zn tolerance when expressed in yeast Zn hypersensitive strain. In vivo localization of AQUA1-GFP in Arabidopsis protoplast showed a heterogeneous distribution of this protein on different membranes destined to form aggregates related to autophagic multivesicular bodies. Zn-dependent AQUA1-GFP re-localization was perturbed by phosphatases' and kinases' inhibitors that could affect both intracellular trafficking and aquaporins' activity. Exposed to high concentration of Zn, AQUA1 also co-localized with AtTIP1;1, a well-known Arabidopsis vacuolar marker, probably in pro-vacuolar multivesicular bodies. These findings suggest that high concentration of Zn down-regulates aqua1 and causes its re-localization in new forming pro-vacuoles. This Zn-dependent re-localization appears to be mediated by mechanisms regulating intracellular trafficking and aquaporins' post-translational modifications. This functional characterization of a poplar aquaporin in response to excess Zn will be a useful reference for understanding aquaporins' roles and regulation in response to high concentration of Zn in poplar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ariani
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Barozzi
- DISTEBA, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov. le Lecce - Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Luca Sebastiani
- BioLabs, Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Gian Pietro di Sansebastiano
- DISTEBA, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Prov. le Lecce - Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Andrea Andreucci
- Department of Biology, Università degli Studi di Pisa, I-56126, Pisa, Italy.
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21
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Medina S, Vicente R, Nieto-Taladriz MT, Aparicio N, Chairi F, Vergara-Diaz O, Araus JL. The Plant-Transpiration Response to Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) in Durum Wheat Is Associated With Differential Yield Performance and Specific Expression of Genes Involved in Primary Metabolism and Water Transport. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 9:1994. [PMID: 30697225 PMCID: PMC6341309 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of plant transpiration was proposed as a key factor affecting transpiration efficiency and agronomical adaptation of wheat to water-limited Mediterranean environments. However, to date no studies have related this trait to crop performance in the field. In this study, the transpiration response to increasing vapor pressure deficit (VPD) of modern Spanish semi-dwarf durum wheat lines was evaluated under controlled conditions at vegetative stage, and the agronomical performance of the same set of lines was assessed at grain filling as well as grain yield at maturity, in Mediterranean environments ranging from water stressed to good agronomical conditions. A group of linear-transpiration response (LTR) lines exhibited better performance in grain yield and biomass compared to segmented-transpiration response (STR) lines, particularly in the wetter environments, whereas the reverse occurred only in the most stressed trial. LTR lines generally exhibited better water status (stomatal conductance) and larger green biomass (vegetation indices) during the reproductive stage than STR lines. In both groups, the responses to growing conditions were associated with the expression levels of dehydration-responsive transcription factors (DREB) leading to different performances of primary metabolism-related enzymes. Thus, the response of LTR lines under fair to good conditions was associated with higher transcription levels of genes involved in nitrogen (GS1 and GOGAT) and carbon (RCBL) metabolism, as well as water transport (TIP1.1). In conclusion, modern durum wheat lines differed in their response to water loss, the linear transpiration seemed to favor uptake and transport of water and nutrients, and photosynthetic metabolism led to higher grain yield except for very harsh drought conditions. The transpiration response to VPD may be a trait to further explore when selecting adaptation to specific water conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Medina
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Rubén Vicente
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Nieves Aparicio
- Agricultural Technology Institute of Castilla and León (ITACYL), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Fadia Chairi
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Omar Vergara-Diaz
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Luis Araus
- Integrative Crop Ecophysiology Group, Plant Physiology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
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22
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Overexpression of the Jojoba Aquaporin Gene, ScPIP1, Enhances Drought and Salt Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010153. [PMID: 30609831 PMCID: PMC6337393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) are a subfamily of aquaporin proteins located on plasma membranes where they facilitate the transport of water and small uncharged solutes. PIPs play an important role throughout plant development, and in response to abiotic stresses. Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider), as a typical desert plant, tolerates drought, salinity and nutrient-poor soils. In this study, a PIP1 gene (ScPIP1) was cloned from jojoba and overexpressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. The expression of ScPIP1 at the transcriptional level was induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment. ScPIP1 overexpressed Arabidopsis plants exhibited higher germination rates, longer roots and higher survival rates compared to the wild-type plants under drought and salt stresses. The results of malonaldehyde (MDA), ion leakage (IL) and proline content measurements indicated that the improved drought and salt tolerance conferred by ScPIP1 was correlated with decreased membrane damage and improved osmotic adjustment. We assume that ScPIP1 may be applied to genetic engineering to improve plant tolerance based on the resistance effect in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing ScPIP1.
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23
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Wang L, Liu Y, Feng S, Wang Z, Zhang J, Zhang J, Wang D, Gan Y. AtHKT1 gene regulating K + state in whole plant improves salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco plants. Sci Rep 2018; 8:16585. [PMID: 30410009 PMCID: PMC6224463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-34660-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The status of K+ is important for plant health. However, little is known about if high-affinity potassium transporter HKTs may help K+ retention under salt stress. Here, we determined the effect of Arabidopsis thaliana transporter gene (AtHKT1) on the K+ status, Na+-induced toxicity, and salt tolerance in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Six AtHKT1 transformed tobacco lines (T1, T2, … T6) were contrasted with a non-transgenic plantlet at the whole-plant and molecule levels. AtHKT1 gene was expressed in the xylems of stem, root and leaf vein in the transgenic tobacco, with the line T3 having highest expression. At Day 15, in the 200 mmol L-1 NaCl stress treatment, the transgenic plants remained a healthy K+ status, while the control plants decreased K+ content by 70% and Na+ contents in leaves and stems were 1.7 times that in the transgenic line. The AtHKT1 expression enhanced the activities of SOD, CAT and POD, raised chlorophyll and soluble sugar contents and root activity, and decreased MDA and proline contents and electrolyte leakage destruction. The constitutive over-expression of AtHKT1 that helps maintain a healthy K+ status while reducing Na+ toxicity may serve as a possible mechanism in maximizing productivity of tobacco under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Shoujiang Feng
- Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Zhuoyu Wang
- Centre de Recherche CHUM, Montreal, H2X0A9, Canada
| | - Jinwen Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Junlian Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China.
| | - Di Wang
- Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Yantai Gan
- Swift Current Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Swift Current, S9H3X2, Canada
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24
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Li W, Qiang XJ, Han XR, Jiang LL, Zhang SH, Han J, He R, Cheng XG. Ectopic Expression of a Thellungiella salsuginea Aquaporin Gene, TsPIP1;1, Increased the Salt Tolerance of Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082229. [PMID: 30061546 PMCID: PMC6122036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins play important regulatory roles in the transport of water and small molecules in plants. In this study, a Thellungiella salsuginea TsPIP1;1 aquaporin was transformed into Kitaake rice, and three transgenic lines were evaluated by profiling the changes of the physiological metabolism, osmotic potential, and differentially expressed genes under salt stress. The TsPIP1;1 protein contains six transmembrane domains and is localized in the cytoplasm membrane. Overexpression of the TsPIP1;1 gene not only increased the accumulation of prolines, soluble sugars and chlorophyll, but also lowered the osmotic potential and malondialdehyde content in rice under salt stress, and alleviated the amount of salt damage done to rice organs by regulating the distribution of Na/K ions, thereby promoting photosynthetic rates. Transcriptome sequencing confirmed that the differentially expressed genes that are up-regulated in rice positively respond to salt stimulus, the photosynthetic metabolic process, and the accumulation profiles of small molecules and Na/K ions. The co-expressed Rubisco and LHCA4 genes in rice were remarkably up-regulated under salt stress. This data suggests that overexpression of the TsPIP1;1 gene is involved in the regulation of water transport, the accumulation of Na/K ions, and the translocation of photosynthetic metabolites, thus conferring enhanced salt tolerance to rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Lab of Plant Nutrition Molecular Biology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiao-Jing Qiang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Xiao-Ri Han
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Lin-Lin Jiang
- Lab of Plant Nutrition Molecular Biology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Shu-Hui Zhang
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Jiao Han
- College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, China.
| | - Rui He
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Xian-Guo Cheng
- Lab of Plant Nutrition Molecular Biology, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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Song S, Xu Y, Huang D, Miao H, Liu J, Jia C, Hu W, Valarezo AV, Xu B, Jin Z. Identification of a novel promoter from banana aquaporin family gene (MaTIP1;2) which responses to drought and salt-stress in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2018; 128:163-169. [PMID: 29778840 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Drought and salt stresses often affect plant growth and crop yields. Identification of promoters involved in drought and salt stress responses is of great significance for genetic improvement of crop resistance. Our previous studies showed that aquaporin can respond to drought and salt stresses, but its promoter has not yet been reported in plants. In the present study, cis-acting elements of MaAQP family member promoters were systematically analyzed in banana. Expression of MaTIP1; 2 was induced by drought and salt stresses but not sensitive to cold stress, waterlogging stress, or mechanical damage, and its promoter contained five stress-related cis-acting elements. The MaTIP1; 2 promoter (841 bp upstream of translation initiation site) from banana (Musa acuminata L. AAA group cv. Brazilian) was isolated through genome walking polymerase chain reaction, and found to contain a TATA Box, CAAT box, ABRE element, CCGTCC box, CGTCA motif, and TCA element. Transformation of the MaTIP1; 2 promoter into Arabidopsis to assess its function indicated that it responds to both drought and salt stress treatments. These results suggest that MaTIP1; 2 utilization may improve drought and salt stresses resistance of the transgenic plants by promoting banana aquaporin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Song
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Hainan Province, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Plant Gene Research(Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Hainan Province, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Dongmei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Hainan Province, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Hongxia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Juhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Caihong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Ana Valeria Valarezo
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Hainan Province, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Biyu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Jin
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Bananas, Hainan Province, Haikou Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China.
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Dalal A, Attia Z, Moshelion M. To Produce or to Survive: How Plastic Is Your Crop Stress Physiology? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2067. [PMID: 29259613 PMCID: PMC5723404 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress causes major crop losses and is considered a greater challenge than biotic stress. Comparisons of the number of published articles and patents regarding these different types of stresses, and the number of commercially released crops designed to tolerate different types of stresses, revealed a huge gap in the bench-to-field transfer rate of abiotic stress-tolerant crops, as compared to crops designed to tolerate biotic stress. These differences underscore the complexity of abiotic stress-response mechanisms. Here, we suggest that breeding programs favoring yield-related quantitative physiological traits (QPTs; e.g., photosynthesis rate or stomatal conductance) have canalized those QPTs at their highest levels. This has affected the sensitivity of those QPTs to changing environmental conditions and those traits have become less plastic. We also suggest that breeding pressure has had an asymmetric impact on different QPTs, depending on their sensitivity to environmental conditions and their interactions with other QPTs. We demonstrate this asymmetric impact on the regulation of whole-plant water balance, showing how plastic membrane water content, stomatal conductance and leaf hydraulic conductance interact to canalize whole-organ water content. We suggest that a QPT's plasticity is itself an important trait and that understanding this plasticity may help us to develop yield-optimized crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Menachem Moshelion
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Sutka M, Amodeo G, Ozu M. Plant and animal aquaporins crosstalk: what can be revealed from distinct perspectives. Biophys Rev 2017; 9:545-562. [PMID: 28871493 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-017-0313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) can be revisited from a distinct and complementary perspective: the outcome from analyzing them from both plant and animal studies. (1) The approach in the study. Diversity found in both kingdoms contrasts with the limited number of crystal structures determined within each group. While the structure of almost half of mammal AQPs was resolved, only a few were resolved in plants. Strikingly, the animal structures resolved are mainly derived from the AQP2-lineage, due to their important roles in water homeostasis regulation in humans. The difference could be attributed to the approach: relevance in animal research is emphasized on pathology and in consequence drug screening that can lead to potential inhibitors, enhancers and/or regulators. By contrast, studies on plants have been mainly focused on the physiological role that AQPs play in growth, development and stress tolerance. (2) The transport capacity. Besides the well-described AQPs with high water transport capacity, large amount of evidence confirms that certain plant AQPs can carry a large list of small solutes. So far, animal AQP list is more restricted. In both kingdoms, there is a great amount of evidence on gas transport, although there is still an unsolved controversy around gas translocation as well as the role of the central pore of the tetramer. (3) More roles than expected. We found it remarkable that the view of AQPs as specific channels has evolved first toward simple transporters to molecules that can experience conformational changes triggered by biochemical and/or mechanical signals, turning them also into signaling components and/or behave as osmosensor molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira Sutka
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Amodeo
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marcelo Ozu
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires e Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Universidad de Buenos Aires y Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Wang L, Liu Y, Feng S, Yang J, Li D, Zhang J. Roles of Plasmalemma Aquaporin Gene StPIP1 in Enhancing Drought Tolerance in Potato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:616. [PMID: 28487712 PMCID: PMC5403905 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Survival and mortality of plants in response to severe drought may be related to carbon starvation, but little is known about how plasma membrane intrinsic proteins may help alleviate the drought-induced damage. Here, we determined the roles of plasmalemma aquaporin gene in improving plant water status, maintaining carbon accumulation, and thereby enhancing drought tolerance. Seven StPIP1 transformed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) lines (namely T1, T2…T7) were compared with non-transgenic control plant at molecule and whole-plant levels. The relative expression of StPIP1 gene was found in leaves, stems and roots, with the most abundant expression being in the roots. The transgenic lines T6 and T7 had the highest StPIP1 expression, averaging 7.2 times that of the control and the greatest differences occurred 48 h after mannitol osmotic stress treatment. Using an evaluation index to quantifying the degree of drought tolerance, we found that the StPIP1 transgenic lines T6 and T7 had the highest drought tolerance, averaging 8.5 times that of the control. Measured at 30 days in drought stress treatment, the control plant decreased net photosynthetic rate by 33 and 56%, respectively, under moderate and severe stresses; also decreased stomatal conductance by 39 and 65%; and lowered transpiration rate by 49 and 69%, compared to the no-stress treatment, whereas the transgenic lines T6 and T7 maintained a relatively stable level with slight decreases in these properties. The constitutive overexpression of StPIP1 in potato improved plant water use efficiency and increased nonstructural carbohydrate concentration, which helped alleviate carbon starvation and minimized the loss of biomass and tuber yield due to drought stress. We conclude that the expression of StPIPs improves overall water relations in the plant and helps maintain photosynthesis and stomatal conductance; these help minimize carbon starvation and enhance the whole plant tolerance to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Yuhui Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Shoujiang Feng
- Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Water-saving Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhou, China
| | - Jiangwei Yang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Agronomy, Longdong UniversityLanzhou, China
| | - Junlian Zhang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
- Department of Olericulture, College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou, China
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Zargar SM, Nagar P, Deshmukh R, Nazir M, Wani AA, Masoodi KZ, Agrawal GK, Rakwal R. Aquaporins as potential drought tolerance inducing proteins: Towards instigating stress tolerance. J Proteomics 2017; 169:233-238. [PMID: 28412527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are primarily involved in maintaining cellular water homeostasis. Their role in diverse physiological processes has fascinated plant scientists for more than a decade, particularly concerning abiotic stresses. Increasing examples of evidence in various crop plants indicate that the AQPs are responsible for precise regulation of water movement and consequently play a crucial role in the drought stress tolerance. Since drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting agricultural production worldwide, it has become a critical agenda to focus research on the development of drought tolerant crop plants. AQPs can act as key candidate molecules to confront this issue. Hence, there is an important need to explore the potential of AQPs by understanding the molecular mechanisms and pathways through which they induce drought tolerance. Moreover, the signalling network/s involved in such pathways needs to be mined and understood correctly, and that may lead to the development of drought tolerance in crop plants. In the present review, opportunity and challenges regarding the efficient utilization of AQP-related information is presented and discussed. The complied information and the discussion will be helpful for designing future experiments and to set the specific goals for the enhancement of drought tolerance in crop plants. Biological Significance Knowledge on the role of AQPs in maintaining cellular water homeostasis has given new hope for developing drought tolerance in crop plants. Since drought is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting agricultural production worldwide, it has become a critical agenda to focus research on the development of drought-tolerant crop plants. AQPs can act as key candidate molecules to solve this problem through genetic engineering. For this, it is important to understand the molecular mechanisms and inter-related pathways through which AQPs induce drought tolerance and to explore the signaling network/s involved in such pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Majeed Zargar
- Division of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190025, India.
| | - Preeti Nagar
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, South Asian University, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Departement de Phytologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Muslima Nazir
- Division of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190025, India
| | - Aijaz Ahmad Wani
- Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Khalid Zaffar Masoodi
- Division of Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190025, India
| | - Ganesh Kumar Agrawal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal; GRADE (Global Research Arch for Developing Education) Academy Pvt. Ltd., Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj, Nepal
| | - Randeep Rakwal
- Research Laboratory for Biotechnology and Biochemistry (RLABB), GPO 13265, Kathmandu, Nepal; GRADE (Global Research Arch for Developing Education) Academy Pvt. Ltd., Adarsh Nagar-13, Birgunj, Nepal; Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8574, Ibaraki, Japan
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Garibay-Hernández A, Barkla BJ, Vera-Estrella R, Martinez A, Pantoja O. Membrane Proteomic Insights into the Physiology and Taxonomy of an Oleaginous Green Microalga. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 173:390-416. [PMID: 27837088 PMCID: PMC5210721 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.01240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ettlia oleoabundans is a nonsequenced oleaginous green microalga. Despite the significant biotechnological interest in producing value-added compounds from the acyl lipids of this microalga, a basic understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of oleaginous microalgae is lacking, especially under nitrogen deprivation conditions known to trigger lipid accumulation. Using an RNA sequencing-based proteomics approach together with manual annotation, we are able to provide, to our knowledge, the first membrane proteome of an oleaginous microalga. This approach allowed the identification of novel proteins in E. oleoabundans, including two photoprotection-related proteins, Photosystem II Subunit S and Maintenance of Photosystem II under High Light1, which were considered exclusive to higher photosynthetic organisms, as well as Retinitis Pigmentosa Type 2-Clathrin Light Chain, a membrane protein with a novel domain architecture. Free-flow zonal electrophoresis of microalgal membranes coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry proved to be a useful technique for determining the intracellular location of proteins of interest. Carbon-flow compartmentalization in E. oleoabundans was modeled using this information. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of protein markers and 18S ribosomal DNA support the reclassification of E. oleoabundans within the trebouxiophycean microalgae, rather than with the Chlorophyceae class, in which it is currently classified, indicating that it may not be closely related to the model green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii A detailed survey of biological processes taking place in the membranes of nitrogen-deprived E. oleoabundans, including lipid metabolism, provides insights into the basic biology of this nonmodel organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Garibay-Hernández
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210 Mexico (A.G.-H., R.V.-E., A.M., O.P.); and
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480 New South Wales, Australia (B.J.B.)
| | - Bronwyn J Barkla
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210 Mexico (A.G.-H., R.V.-E., A.M., O.P.); and
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480 New South Wales, Australia (B.J.B.)
| | - Rosario Vera-Estrella
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210 Mexico (A.G.-H., R.V.-E., A.M., O.P.); and
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480 New South Wales, Australia (B.J.B.)
| | - Alfredo Martinez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210 Mexico (A.G.-H., R.V.-E., A.M., O.P.); and
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480 New South Wales, Australia (B.J.B.)
| | - Omar Pantoja
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62210 Mexico (A.G.-H., R.V.-E., A.M., O.P.); and
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, 2480 New South Wales, Australia (B.J.B.)
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Wang M, Ding L, Gao L, Li Y, Shen Q, Guo S. The Interactions of Aquaporins and Mineral Nutrients in Higher Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1229. [PMID: 27483251 PMCID: PMC5000627 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins, major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) present in the plasma and intracellular membranes, facilitate the transport of small neutral molecules across cell membranes in higher plants. Recently, progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of aquaporin subcellular localization, transport selectivity, and gating properties. Although the role of aquaporins in maintaining the plant water status has been addressed, the interactions between plant aquaporins and mineral nutrients remain largely unknown. This review highlights the roles of various aquaporin orthologues in mineral nutrient uptake and transport, as well as the regulatory effects of mineral nutrients on aquaporin expression and activity, and an integrated link between aquaporins and mineral nutrient metabolism was identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Lei Ding
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium.
| | - Limin Gao
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yingrui Li
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qirong Shen
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Yaaran A, Moshelion M. Role of Aquaporins in a Composite Model of Water Transport in the Leaf. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1045. [PMID: 27376277 PMCID: PMC4964421 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Water-transport pathways through the leaf are complex and include several checkpoints. Some of these checkpoints exhibit dynamic behavior that may be regulated by aquaporins (AQPs). To date, neither the relative weight of the different water pathways nor their molecular mechanisms are well understood. Here, we have collected evidence to support a putative composite model of water pathways in the leaf and the distribution of water across those pathways. We describe how water moves along a single transcellular path through the parenchyma and continues toward the mesophyll and stomata along transcellular, symplastic and apoplastic paths. We present evidence that points to a role for AQPs in regulating the relative weight of each path in the overall leaf water-transport system and the movement of water between these paths as a result of the integration of multiple signals, including transpiration demand, water potential and turgor. We also present a new theory, the hydraulic fuse theory, to explain effects of the leaf turgor-loss-point on water paths alternation and the subsequent reduction in leaf hydraulic conductivity. An improved understating of leaf water-balance management may lead to the development of crops that use water more efficiently, and responds better to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Yaaran
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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Pedrazzini E, Caprera A, Fojadelli I, Stella A, Rocchetti A, Bassin B, Martinoia E, Vitale A. The Arabidopsis tonoplast is almost devoid of glycoproteins with complex N-glycans, unlike the rat lysosomal membrane. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:1769-81. [PMID: 26748395 PMCID: PMC4783361 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The distribution of the N-glycoproteome in integral membrane proteins of the vacuolar membrane (tonoplast) or the plasma membrane of Arabidopsis thaliana and, for further comparison, of the Rattus norvegicus lysosomal and plasma membranes, was analyzed. In silico analysis showed that potential N-glycosylation sites are much less frequent in tonoplast proteins. Biochemical analysis of Arabidopsis subcellular fractions with the lectin concanavalin A, which recognizes mainly unmodified N-glycans, or with antiserum against Golgi-modified N-glycans confirmed the in silico results and showed that, unlike the plant plasma membrane, the tonoplast is almost or totally devoid of N-glycoproteins with Golgi-modified glycans. Lysosomes share with vacuoles the hydrolytic functions and the position along the secretory pathway; however, our results indicate that their membranes had a divergent evolution. We propose that protection against the luminal hydrolases that are abundant in inner hydrolytic compartments, which seems to have been achieved in many lysosomal membrane proteins by extensive N-glycosylation of the luminal domains, has instead been obtained in the vast majority of tonoplast proteins by limiting the length of such domains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Barbara Bassin
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Martinoia
- Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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The Roles of Aquaporins in Plant Stress Responses. J Dev Biol 2016; 4:jdb4010009. [PMID: 29615577 PMCID: PMC5831814 DOI: 10.3390/jdb4010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are membrane channel proteins ubiquitously present in all kingdoms of life. Although aquaporins were originally discovered as water channels, their roles in the transport of small neutral solutes, gasses, and metal ions are now well established. Plants contain the largest number and greatest diversity of aquaporin homologs with diverse subcellular localization patterns, gating properties, and solute specificity. The roles of aquaporins in physiological functions throughout plant growth and development are well known. As an integral regulator of plant–water relations, they are presumed to play an important role in plant defense responses against biotic and abiotic stressors. This review highlights involvement of various aquaporin homologs in plant stress responses against a variety of environmental stresses that disturb plant cell osmotic balance and nutrient homeostasis.
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He Z, Yan H, Chen Y, Shen H, Xu W, Zhang H, Shi L, Zhu YG, Ma M. An aquaporin PvTIP4;1 from Pteris vittata may mediate arsenite uptake. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 209:746-61. [PMID: 26372374 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The fern Pteris vittata is an arsenic hyperaccumulator. The genes involved in arsenite (As(III)) transport are not yet clear. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a new P. vittata aquaporin gene, PvTIP4;1, which may mediate As(III) uptake. PvTIP4;1 was identified from yeast functional complement cDNA library of P. vittata. Arsenic toxicity and accumulating activities of PvTIP4;1 were analyzed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis. Subcellular localization of PvTIP4;1-GFP fusion protein in P. vittata protoplast and callus was conducted. The tissue expression of PvTIP4;1 was investigated by quantitative real-time PCR. Site-directed mutagenesis of the PvTIP4;1 aromatic/arginine (Ar/R) domain was studied. Heterologous expression in yeast demonstrates that PvTIP4;1 was able to facilitate As(III) diffusion. Transgenic Arabidopsis showed that PvTIP4;1 increases arsenic accumulation and induces arsenic sensitivity. Images and FM4-64 staining suggest that PvTIP4;1 localizes to the plasma membrane in P. vittata cells. A tissue location study shows that PvTIP4;1 transcripts are mainly expressed in roots. Site-directed mutation in yeast further proved that the cysteine at the LE1 position of PvTIP4;1 Ar/R domain is a functional site. PvTIP4;1 is a new represented tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP) aquaporin from P. vittata and the function and location results imply that PvTIP4;1 may be involved in As(III) uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan He
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Huili Yan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yanshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hongling Shen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wenxiu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Mi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
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MzPIP2;1: An Aquaporin Involved in Radial Water Movement in Both Water Uptake and Transportation, Altered the Drought and Salt Tolerance of Transgenic Arabidopsis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142446. [PMID: 26562158 PMCID: PMC4643029 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants are unavoidably subjected to various abiotic stressors, including high salinity, drought and low temperature, which results in water deficit and even death. Water uptake and transportation play a critical role in response to these stresses. Many aquaporin proteins, localized at different tissues, function in various transmembrane water movements. We targeted at the key aquaporin in charge of both water uptake in roots and radial water transportation from vascular tissues through the whole plant. RESULTS The MzPIP2;1 gene encoding a plasma membrane intrinsic protein was cloned from salt-tolerant apple rootstock Malus zumi Mats. The GUS gene was driven by MzPIP2;1 promoter in transgenic Arabidopsis. It indicated that MzPIP2;1 might function in the epidermal and vascular cells of roots, parenchyma cells around vessels through the stems and vascular tissues of leaves. The ectopically expressed MzPIP2;1 conferred the transgenic Arabidopsis plants enhanced tolerance to slight salt and drought stresses, but sensitive to moderate salt stress, which was indicated by root length, lateral root number, fresh weight and K+/Na+ ratio. In addition, the possible key cis-elements in response to salt, drought and cold stresses were isolated by the promoter deletion experiment. CONCLUSION The MzPIP2;1 protein, as a PIP2 aquaporins subgroup member, involved in radial water movement, controls water absorption and usage efficiency and alters transgenic plants drought and salt tolerance.
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Shi J, Wang J, Li R, Li D, Xu F, Sun Q, Zhao B, Mao AJ, Guo YD. Expression patterns of genes encoding plasma membrane aquaporins during fruit development in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 96:329-336. [PMID: 26351149 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are membrane channels precisely regulating water movement through cell membranes in most living organisms. Despite the advances in the physiology of fruit development, their participation during fruit development in cucumber still barely understood. In this paper, the expressions of 12 genes encoding plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs) were analyzed during cucumber fruit development in our work. Based on the homology search with known PIPs from rice, Arabidopsis and strawberry, 12 cucumber PIP genes subfamily members were identified. Cellular localization assays indicated that CsPIPs were localized in the plasma membrane. The qRT-PCR analysis of CsPIPs showed that 12 CsPIPs were differentially expressed during fruit development. These results suggest that 12 genes encoding plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (CsPIPs) play very important roles in cucumber life cycle and the data generated will be helpful in understanding their precise roles during fruit development in cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Shi
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfang Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Ren Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Dianbo Li
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Fengfeng Xu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Sun
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Ai-Jun Mao
- Beijing Key Lab of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Beijing 100097, China; Key Lab of Biology & Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (North China), MOA, China.
| | - Yang-Dong Guo
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China.
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Maurel C, Boursiac Y, Luu DT, Santoni V, Shahzad Z, Verdoucq L. Aquaporins in Plants. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:1321-58. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00008.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are membrane channels that facilitate the transport of water and small neutral molecules across biological membranes of most living organisms. In plants, aquaporins occur as multiple isoforms reflecting a high diversity of cellular localizations, transport selectivity, and regulation properties. Plant aquaporins are localized in the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuoles, plastids and, in some species, in membrane compartments interacting with symbiotic organisms. Plant aquaporins can transport various physiological substrates in addition to water. Of particular relevance for plants is the transport of dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide and ammonia or metalloids such as boron and silicon. Structure-function studies are developed to address the molecular and cellular mechanisms of plant aquaporin gating and subcellular trafficking. Phosphorylation plays a central role in these two processes. These mechanisms allow aquaporin regulation in response to signaling intermediates such as cytosolic pH and calcium, and reactive oxygen species. Combined genetic and physiological approaches are now integrating this knowledge, showing that aquaporins play key roles in hydraulic regulation in roots and leaves, during drought but also in response to stimuli as diverse as flooding, nutrient availability, temperature, or light. A general hydraulic control of plant tissue expansion by aquaporins is emerging, and their role in key developmental processes (seed germination, emergence of lateral roots) has been established. Plants with genetically altered aquaporin functions are now tested for their ability to improve plant tolerance to stresses. In conclusion, research on aquaporins delineates ever expanding fields in plant integrative biology thereby establishing their crucial role in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Maurel
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Yann Boursiac
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Doan-Trung Luu
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Santoni
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Zaigham Shahzad
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Lionel Verdoucq
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analyses of Aquaporin Gene Family during Development and Abiotic Stress in Banana. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:19728-51. [PMID: 26307965 PMCID: PMC4581322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160819728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) function to selectively control the flow of water and other small molecules through biological membranes, playing crucial roles in various biological processes. However, little information is available on the AQP gene family in bananas. In this study, we identified 47 banana AQP genes based on the banana genome sequence. Evolutionary analysis of AQPs from banana, Arabidopsis, poplar, and rice indicated that banana AQPs (MaAQPs) were clustered into four subfamilies. Conserved motif analysis showed that all banana AQPs contained the typical AQP-like or major intrinsic protein (MIP) domain. Gene structure analysis suggested the majority of MaAQPs had two to four introns with a highly specific number and length for each subfamily. Expression analysis of MaAQP genes during fruit development and postharvest ripening showed that some MaAQP genes exhibited high expression levels during these stages, indicating the involvement of MaAQP genes in banana fruit development and ripening. Additionally, some MaAQP genes showed strong induction after stress treatment and therefore, may represent potential candidates for improving banana resistance to abiotic stress. Taken together, this study identified some excellent tissue-specific, fruit development- and ripening-dependent, and abiotic stress-responsive candidate MaAQP genes, which could lay a solid foundation for genetic improvement of banana cultivars.
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Kaneko T, Horie T, Nakahara Y, Tsuji N, Shibasaka M, Katsuhara M. Dynamic regulation of the root hydraulic conductivity of barley plants in response to salinity/osmotic stress. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:875-82. [PMID: 25634964 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress significantly reduces the root hydraulic conductivity (Lpr) of several plant species including barley (Hordeum vulgare). Here we characterized changes in the Lpr of barley plants in response to salinity/osmotic stress in detail using a pressure chamber. Salt-tolerant and intermediate barley cultivars, K305 and Haruna-nijyo, but not a salt-sensitive cultivar, I743, exhibited characteristic time-dependent Lpr changes induced by 100 mM NaCl. An identical response was evoked by isotonic sorbitol, indicating that this phenomenon was triggered by osmotic imbalances. Further examination of this mechanism using barley cv. Haruna-nijyo plants in combination with the use of various inhibitors suggested that various cellular processes such as protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and membrane internalization appear to be involved. Interestingly, the three above-mentioned barley cultivars did not exhibit a remarkable difference in root cell sap osmolality under hypertonic conditions, in contrast to the case of Lpr. The possible biological significance of the regulation of Lpr in barley plants upon salinity/osmotic stress is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Kaneko
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 20-1, Chuo-2-chome, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan Department of Physiology, Asahikawa Medical University, 2-1-1-1, Midorigaoka-higashi, Asahikawa, Hokkaido, 078-8510 Japan These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Tomoaki Horie
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 20-1, Chuo-2-chome, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan Division of Applied Biology, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1, Tokida, Ueda, Nagano, 386-8567 Japan These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Yoshiki Nakahara
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 20-1, Chuo-2-chome, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan
| | - Nobuya Tsuji
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 20-1, Chuo-2-chome, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan
| | - Mineo Shibasaka
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 20-1, Chuo-2-chome, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan
| | - Maki Katsuhara
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 20-1, Chuo-2-chome, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046 Japan
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Chevalier AS, Chaumont F. Trafficking of plant plasma membrane aquaporins: multiple regulation levels and complex sorting signals. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:819-29. [PMID: 25520405 PMCID: PMC7107115 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are small channel proteins which facilitate the diffusion of water and small neutral molecules across biological membranes. Compared with animals, plant genomes encode numerous aquaporins, which display a large variety of subcellular localization patterns. More specifically, plant aquaporins of the plasma membrane intrinsic protein (PIP) subfamily were first described as plasma membrane (PM)-resident proteins, but recent research has demonstrated that the trafficking and subcellular localization of these proteins are complex and highly regulated. In the past few years, PIPs emerged as new model proteins to study subcellular sorting and membrane dynamics in plant cells. At least two distinct sorting motifs (one cytosolic, the other buried in the membrane) are required to direct PIPs to the PM. Hetero-oligomerization and interaction with SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor protein attachment protein receptors) also influence the subcellular trafficking of PIPs. In addition to these constitutive processes, both the progression of PIPs through the secretory pathway and their dynamics at the PM are responsive to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien S Chevalier
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 4, L7.07.14, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - François Chaumont
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 4, L7.07.14, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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43
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Lee SH, Zwiazek JJ. Regulation of aquaporin-mediated water transport in Arabidopsis roots exposed to NaCl. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 56:750-8. [PMID: 25604052 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcv003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Ca(NO3)2, KF and okadaic acid (OA) on cell hydraulic responses to NaCl were examined in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type plants and compared with plants overexpressing plasma membrane intrinsic protein PIP2;5. Root treatment with 10 mM NaCl rapidly and sharply reduced cell hydraulic conductivity (L(p)) in the wild-type Arabidopsis plants, but had no effect on L(p) in Arabidopsis plants overexpressing PIP2;5, suggesting that changes in protein and aquaporin gene expression were among the initial targets responsible for the inhibition of L(p) by NaCl. The down-regulation of PIP transcripts after 1 h exposure to 10 mM NaCl was likely a significant factor in the reduction of L(p). The effect of NaCl on L(p) in the wild-type plants was abolished when the NaCl-treated roots were subsequently exposed to 5 mM KF, 5 mM Ca(NO3)2 and 5 µM OA. The reduction of L(p) by 5 mM KF could not be prevented by treatment with 5 mM Ca(NO3)2 in both wild-type and PIP2;5-overexpressing plants. However, 5 µM OA, which was added following NaCl or KF treatment, completely reversed L(p) within several minutes. The results provide evidence for high sensitivity of aquaporin-mediated water transport to relatively low NaCl concentrations and point to the phosphorylation and/or dephosphorylation processes as those that are likely responsible for the protection of L(p) by fluoride and calcium treatments against the effects of NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong H Lee
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 442 Earth Sciences Bldg., T6G 2E3, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Janusz J Zwiazek
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, 442 Earth Sciences Bldg., T6G 2E3, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Qian ZJ, Song JJ, Chaumont F, Ye Q. Differential responses of plasma membrane aquaporins in mediating water transport of cucumber seedlings under osmotic and salt stresses. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:461-73. [PMID: 24601940 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
It has long been recognized that inhibition of plant water transport by either osmotic stress or salinity is mediated by aquaporins (AQPs), but the function and regulation of AQPs are highly variable among distinct isoforms and across different species. In this study, cucumber seedlings were subjected to polyethylene glycol (PEG) or NaCl stress for duration of 2 h or 24 h. The 2 h treatment with PEG or NaCl had non-significant effect on the expression of plasma membrane AQP (CsPIPs) in roots, indicating the decrease in hydraulic conductivity of roots (Lpr ) and root cells (Lprc ) measured in these conditions were due to changes in AQP activity. After both 2 h and 24 h PEG or NaCl exposure, the decrease in hydraulic conductivity of leaves (Kleaf ) and leaf cells (Lplc ) could be attributed to a down-regulation of the two most highly expressed isoforms, CsPIP1;2 and CsPIP2;4. In roots, both Lpr and Lprc were further reduced after 24 h PEG exposure, but partially recovered after 24 h NaCl treatment, which were consistent with changes in the expression of CsPIP genes. Overall, the results demonstrated differential responses of CsPIPs in mediating water transport of cucumber seedlings, and the regulatory mechanisms differed according to applied stresses, stress durations and specific organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Jiang Qian
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Ma X, Shatil-Cohen A, Ben-Dor S, Wigoda N, Perera IY, Im YJ, Diminshtein S, Yu L, Boss WF, Moshelion M, Moran N. Do phosphoinositides regulate membrane water permeability of tobacco protoplasts by enhancing the aquaporin pathway? PLANTA 2015; 241:741-55. [PMID: 25486887 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-014-2216-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Enhancing the membrane content of PtdInsP 2 , the already-recognized protein-regulating lipid, increased the osmotic water permeability of tobacco protoplasts, apparently by increasing the abundance of active aquaporins in their membranes. While phosphoinositides are implicated in cell volume changes and are known to regulate some ion channels, their modulation of aquaporins activity has not yet been reported for any organism. To examine this, we compared the osmotic water permeability (P f) of protoplasts isolated from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) cultured cells (NT1) with different (genetically lowered or elevated relative to controls) levels of inositol trisphosphate (InsP3) and phosphatidyl inositol [4,5] bisphosphate (PtdInsP2). To achieve this, the cells were transformed with, respectively, the human InsP3 5-phosphatase ('Ptase cells') or human phosphatidylinositol (4) phosphate 5-kinase ('PIPK cells'). The mean P f of the PIPK cells was several-fold higher relative to that of controls and Ptase cells. Three results favor aquaporins over the membrane matrix as underlying this excessive P f: (1) transient expression of the maize aquaporin ZmPIP2;4 in the PIPK cells increased P f by 12-30 μm s(-1), while in the controls only by 3-4 μm s(-1). (2) Cytosol acidification-known to inhibit aquaporins-lowered the P f in the PIPK cells down to control levels. (3) The transcript of at least one aquaporin was elevated in the PIPK cells. Together, the three results demonstrate the differences between the PIPK cells and their controls, and suggest a hitherto unobserved regulation of aquaporins by phosphoinositides, which could occur through direct interaction or indirect phosphoinositides-dependent cellular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Ma
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute for Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
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Xin S, Yu G, Sun L, Qiang X, Xu N, Cheng X. Expression of tomato SlTIP2;2 enhances the tolerance to salt stress in the transgenic Arabidopsis and interacts with target proteins. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2014; 127:695-708. [PMID: 25186161 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-014-0658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Three independent transgenic Arabidopsis lines expressing SlTIP2;2 from Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Lichun under the control of its endogenous promoter were used to analyze the expression of SlTIP2;2 and the salt stress tolerance under NaCl concentration gradient treatment. The expression patterns of SlTIP2;2 were shown to be tissue-specific and NaCl dose-dependent under salt stress. SlTIP2;2-transformed Arabidopsis plants exhibited enhanced salt stress tolerance, and the physiological parameters suggested that SlTIP2;2 has close links with the ion homeostasis and antioxidant enzymes activities in salt-stressed transgenic Arabidopsis. Moreover, SlTIP2;2 expression significantly affected the Na(+) and K(+) fluxes from the root meristematic zones and resulted in remarkable changes in the morphology of the pith ray cells in the inflorescence stems of transgenic Arabidopsis. Based on the yeast growth assay, β-galactosidase activity testing and bimolecular fluorescence complementation, SlTIP1;1, SlTIP2;1 and an UDP-galactose transporter were confirmed to interact with SlTIP2;2, which may greatly broaden our understanding of the physiological functions of aquaporins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Xin
- Key Lab of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 South Street, Zhongguancun, Beijing, 100081, China
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Gavrin A, Kaiser BN, Geiger D, Tyerman SD, Wen Z, Bisseling T, Fedorova EE. Adjustment of host cells for accommodation of symbiotic bacteria: vacuole defunctionalization, HOPS suppression, and TIP1g retargeting in Medicago. THE PLANT CELL 2014; 26:3809-22. [PMID: 25217511 PMCID: PMC4213156 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.114.128736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In legume-rhizobia symbioses, the bacteria in infected cells are enclosed in a plant membrane, forming organelle-like compartments called symbiosomes. Symbiosomes remain as individual units and avoid fusion with lytic vacuoles of host cells. We observed changes in the vacuole volume of infected cells and thus hypothesized that microsymbionts may cause modifications in vacuole formation or function. To examine this, we quantified the volumes and surface areas of plant cells, vacuoles, and symbiosomes in root nodules of Medicago truncatula and analyzed the expression and localization of VPS11 and VPS39, members of the HOPS vacuole-tethering complex. During the maturation of symbiosomes to become N2-fixing organelles, a developmental switch occurs and changes in vacuole features are induced. For example, we found that expression of VPS11 and VPS39 in infected cells is suppressed and host cell vacuoles contract, permitting the expansion of symbiosomes. Trafficking of tonoplast-targeted proteins in infected symbiotic cells is also altered, as shown by retargeting of the aquaporin TIP1g from the tonoplast membrane to the symbiosome membrane. This retargeting appears to be essential for the maturation of symbiosomes. We propose that these alterations in the function of the vacuole are key events in the adaptation of the plant cell to host intracellular symbiotic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr Gavrin
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brent N Kaiser
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Dietmar Geiger
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephen D Tyerman
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Zhengyu Wen
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5064, Australia
| | - Ton Bisseling
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elena E Fedorova
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Wageningen University, 6708PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Hashiguchi Y, Yano D, Nagafusa K, Kato T, Saito C, Uemura T, Ueda T, Nakano A, Tasaka M, Terao Morita M. A unique HEAT repeat-containing protein SHOOT GRAVITROPISM6 is involved in vacuolar membrane dynamics in gravity-sensing cells of Arabidopsis inflorescence stem. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 55:811-22. [PMID: 24486761 PMCID: PMC3982123 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant vacuoles play critical roles in development, growth and stress responses. In mature cells, vacuolar membranes (VMs) display several types of structures, which are formed by invagination and folding of VMs into the lumenal side and can gradually move and change shape. Although such VM structures are observed in a broad range of tissue types and plant species, the molecular mechanism underlying their formation and maintenance remains unclear. Here, we report that a novel HEAT-repeat protein, SHOOT GRAVITROPISM6 (SGR6), of Arabidopsis is involved in the control of morphological changes and dynamics of VM structures in endodermal cells, which are the gravity-sensing cells in shoots. SGR6 is a membrane-associated protein that is mainly localized to the VM in stem endodermal cells. The sgr6 mutant stem exhibits a reduced gravitropic response. Higher plants utilize amyloplast sedimentation as a means to sense gravity direction. Amyloplasts are surrounded by VMs in Arabidopsis endodermal cells, and the flexible and dynamic structure of VMs is important for amyloplast sedimentation. We demonstrated that such dynamic features of VMs are gradually lost in sgr6 endodermal cells during a 30 min observation period. Histological analysis revealed that amyloplast sedimentation was impaired in sgr6. Detailed live-cell imaging analyses revealed that the VM structures in sgr6 had severe defects in morphological changes and dynamics. Our results suggest that SGR6 is a novel protein involved in the formation and/or maintenance of invaginated VM structures in gravity-sensing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Hashiguchi
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Daisuke Yano
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kiyoshi Nagafusa
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Takehide Kato
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Chieko Saito
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Uemura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Akihiko Nakano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
- Live Cell Molecular Imaging Research Team, Extreme Photonics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198 Japan
| | - Masao Tasaka
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
| | - Miyo Terao Morita
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192 Japan
- Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan
- *Corresponding author: E-mail,
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Chaumont F, Tyerman SD. Aquaporins: highly regulated channels controlling plant water relations. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 164:1600-18. [PMID: 24449709 PMCID: PMC3982727 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.233791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth and development are dependent on tight regulation of water movement. Water diffusion across cell membranes is facilitated by aquaporins that provide plants with the means to rapidly and reversibly modify water permeability. This is done by changing aquaporin density and activity in the membrane, including posttranslational modifications and protein interaction that act on their trafficking and gating. At the whole organ level aquaporins modify water conductance and gradients at key "gatekeeper" cell layers that impact on whole plant water flow and plant water potential. In this way they may act in concert with stomatal regulation to determine the degree of isohydry/anisohydry. Molecular, physiological, and biophysical approaches have demonstrated that variations in root and leaf hydraulic conductivity can be accounted for by aquaporins but this must be integrated with anatomical considerations. This Update integrates these data and emphasizes the central role played by aquaporins in regulating plant water relations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephen D. Tyerman
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 4–L7.07.14, B–1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (F.C.); and
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus PMB 1, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia (S.D.T.)
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Bárzana G, Aroca R, Bienert GP, Chaumont F, Ruiz-Lozano JM. New insights into the regulation of aquaporins by the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in maize plants under drought stress and possible implications for plant performance. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2014; 27:349-63. [PMID: 24593244 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-13-0268-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between modulation by arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) of aquaporin expression in the host plant and changes in root hydraulic conductance, plant water status, and performance under stressful conditions is not well known. This investigation aimed to elucidate how the AM symbiosis modulates the expression of the whole set of aquaporin genes in maize plants under different growing and drought stress conditions, as well as to characterize some of these aquaporins in order to shed further light on the molecules that may be involved in the mycorrhizal responses to drought. The AM symbiosis regulated a wide number of aquaporins in the host plant, comprising members of the different aquaporin subfamilies. The regulation of these genes depends on the watering conditions and the severity of the drought stress imposed. Some of these aquaporins can transport water and also other molecules which are of physiological importance for plant performance. AM plants grew and developed better than non-AM plants under the different conditions assayed. Thus, for the first time, this study relates the well-known better performance of AM plants under drought stress to not only the water movement in their tissues but also the mobilization of N compounds, glycerol, signaling molecules, or metalloids with a role in abiotic stress tolerance. Future studies should elucidate the specific function of each aquaporin isoform regulated by the AM symbiosis in order to shed further light on how the symbiosis alters the plant fitness under stressful conditions.
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