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Hou X, Ma C, Wang Z, Shi X, Duan W, Fu X, Liu J, Guo C, Xiao K. Transcription factor gene TaWRKY76 confers plants improved drought and salt tolerance through modulating stress defensive-associated processes in Triticum aestivum L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 216:109147. [PMID: 39353294 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factor (TF) family acts as essential regulators in plant growth and abiotic stress responses. This study reported the function of TaWRKY76, a member of WRKY TF family in Triticum aestivum L., in regulating plant osmotic stress tolerance. TaWRKY76 transcripts were significantly upregulated upon drought and salt signaling, with dose extent- and stress temporal-dependent manners. Plant GUS activity assays suggested that stress responsive cis-acting elements, such as DRE and ABRE, exert essential roles in defining gene transcription under osmotic stress conditions. The TaWRKY76 protein targeted onto nucleus and possessed ability interacting with TaMYC2, a MYC TF member of wheat. TaWRKY76 and TaMYC2 positively regulated plant drought and salt adaptation by modulating osmotic stress-related physiological indices, including osmolyte contents, stomata movement, root morphology, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. Yeast one-hybrid assay indicated the binding ability of TaWRKY76 with promoters of TaDREB1;1, TaNCEB3, and TaCOR15;4. ChIP-PCR analysis confirmed that the osmotic stress genes are transcriptionally regulated by TaWRKY76. Moreover, the transgenic lines with knockdown of these stress-response genes displayed lowered plant biomass together with worsened root growth traits, decreased proline contents, and elevated ROS amounts. These results suggested that these stress defensive genes contributed to TaWRKY76-modulated osmotic stress tolerance. Highly positive correlations were observed between yield and the transcripts of TaWRKY76 in a wheat variety panel under field drought condition. A major haplotype TaWRKY76 Hap1 conferred improved drought tolerance. Our results suggested that TaWRKY76 is essential in plant drought and salt adaptation and a valuable target for molecular breeding stress-tolerant cultivars in Triticum aestivum L..
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Hou
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China; College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Chunying Ma
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China; College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Xinxin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China; College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Wanrong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China; College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Xiaoxin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China; College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Jinzhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China; College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China
| | - Chengjin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China; College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China.
| | - Kai Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China; College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, PR China.
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Eysholdt-Derzsó E, Hause B, Sauter M, Schmidt-Schippers RR. Hypoxia reshapes Arabidopsis root architecture by integrating ERF-VII factor response and abscisic acid homoeostasis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2879-2894. [PMID: 38616485 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen limitation (hypoxia), arising as a key stress factor due to flooding, negatively affects plant development. Consequently, maintaining root growth under such stress is crucial for plant survival, yet we know little about the root system's adaptions to low-oxygen conditions and its regulation by phytohormones. In this study, we examine the impact of hypoxia and, herein, the regulatory role of group VII ETHYLENE-RESPONSE FACTOR (ERFVII) transcription factors on root growth in Arabidopsis. We found lateral root (LR) elongation to be actively maintained by hypoxia via ERFVII factors, as erfVII seedlings possess hypersensitivity towards hypoxia regarding their LR growth. Pharmacological inhibition of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis revealed ERFVII-driven counteraction of hypoxia-induced inhibition of LR formation in an ABA-dependent manner. However, postemergence LR growth under hypoxia mediated by ERFVIIs was independent of ABA. In roots, ERFVIIs mediate, among others, the induction of ABA-degrading ABA 8'-hydroxylases CYP707A1 expression. RAP2.12 could activate the pCYC707A1:LUC reporter gene, indicating, combined with single mutant analyses, that this transcription factor regulates ABA levels through corresponding transcript upregulation. Collectively, hypoxia-induced adaptation of the Arabidopsis root system is shaped by developmental reprogramming, whereby ERFVII-dependent promotion of LR emergence, but not elongation, is partly executed through regulation of ABA degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bettina Hause
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle, Germany
| | - Margret Sauter
- Plant Developmental Biology and Plant Physiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Romy R Schmidt-Schippers
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Institute of Biology, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
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Ren X, Yang C, Zhu X, Yi P, Jiang X, Yang J, Xiang S, Li Y, Yu B, Yan W, Li X, Li Y, Hu R, Hu Z. Insights into drought stress response mechanism of tobacco during seed germination by integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 209:108526. [PMID: 38537383 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress inhibits seed germination, plant growth and development of tobacco, and seriously affects the yield and quality of tobacco leaves. However, the molecular mechanism underlying tobacco drought stress response remains largely unknown. In this study, integrated analysis of transcriptome and metabolome was performed on the germinated seeds of a cultivated variety K326 and its EMS mutagenic mutant M28 with great drought tolerance. The result showed that drought stress inhibited seed germination of the both varieties, while the germination rate of M28 was faster than that of K326 under drought stress. Besides, the levels of phytohormone ABA, GA19, and zeatin were increased by drought stress in M28. Five vital pathways were identified through integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis, including zeatin biosynthesis, aspartate and glutamate synthesis, phenylamine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and phenylpropanoid synthesis. Furthermore, 20 key metabolites in the above pathways were selected for further analysis of gene modular-trait relationship, and then four highly correlated modules were found. Then analysis of gene expression network was carried out of Top30 hub gene of these four modules, and 9 key candidate genes were identified, including HSP70s, XTH16s, APX, PHI-1, 14-3-3, SCP, PPO. In conclusion, our study uncovered some key drought-responsive pathways and genes of tobacco during seeds germination, providing new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of tobacco drought stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Ren
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Chenkai Yang
- Chenzhou Tobacco Company, Chenzhou, Hunan, 423000, China
| | - Xianxin Zhu
- Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Pengfei Yi
- Changde Tobacco Company, Changde, Hunan, 415300, China
| | - Xizhen Jiang
- Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Jiashuo Yang
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Shipeng Xiang
- Tobacco Production Technology Center, Changsha Tobacco Company, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- Chenzhou Agricultural Science Research Institute, Chenzhou, Hunan, 423000, China
| | - Bei Yu
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Weijie Yan
- Changde Tobacco Company, Changde, Hunan, 415300, China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan, 410021, China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China.
| | - Risheng Hu
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China.
| | - Zhengrong Hu
- Hunan Tobacco Research Institute, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China.
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Li X, Liu Y, Hu W, Yin B, Liang B, Li Z, Zhang X, Xu J, Zhou S. Integrative physiological, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analysis reveals the drought responses of two apple rootstock cultivars. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:219. [PMID: 38532379 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04902-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought is considered the main environmental factor restricting apple production and thus the development of the apple industry. Rootstocks play an important role in enhancing the drought tolerance of apple plants. Studies of the physiology have demonstrated that 'ZC9-3' is a strong drought-resistant rootstock, whereas 'Jizhen-2' is a weak drought-resistant rootstock. However, the metabolites in these two apple rootstock varieties that respond to drought stress have not yet been characterized, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their responses to drought stress remain unclear. RESULTS In this study, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying differences in the drought resistance of 'Jizhen-2' (drought-sensitive) and 'ZC9-3' (drought-resistant) apple rootstocks were explored. Under drought stress, the relative water content of the leaves was maintained at higher levels in 'ZC9-3' than in 'Jizhen-2', and the photosynthetic, antioxidant, and osmoregulatory capacities of 'ZC9-3' were stronger than those of 'Jizhen-2'. Metabolome analysis revealed a total of 95 and 156 differentially accumulated metabolites in 'Jizhen-2' and 'ZC9-3' under drought stress, respectively. The up-regulated metabolites in the two cultivars were mainly amino acids and derivatives. Transcriptome analysis revealed that there were more differentially expressed genes and transcription factors in 'ZC9-3' than in 'Jizhen-2' throughout the drought treatment. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis revealed that amino acid biosynthesis pathways play key roles in mediating drought resistance in apple rootstocks. A total of 13 metabolites, including L-α-aminoadipate, L-homoserine, L-threonine, L-isoleucine, L-valine, L-leucine, (2S)-2-isopropylmalate, anthranilate, L-tryptophan, L-phenylalanine, L-tyrosine, L-glutamate, and L-proline, play an important role in the difference in drought resistance between 'ZC9-3' and 'Jizhen-2'. In addition, 13 genes encoding O-acetylserine-(thiol)-lyase, S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, ketol-acid isomeroreductase, dihydroxyacid dehydratase, isopropylmalate isomerase, branched-chain aminotransferase, pyruvate kinase, 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase/shikimate 5-dehydrogenase, N-acetylglutamate-5-P-reductase, and pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase positively regulate the response of 'ZC9-3' to drought stress. CONCLUSIONS This study enhances our understanding of the response of apple rootstocks to drought stress at the physiological, metabolic, and transcriptional levels and provides key insights that will aid the cultivation of drought-resistant apple rootstock cultivars. Especially, it identifies key metabolites and genes underlying the drought resistance of apple rootstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Li
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Yitong Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Wei Hu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Baoying Yin
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Bowen Liang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Zhongyong Li
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Jizhong Xu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
| | - Shasha Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China.
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Nasr Esfahani M, Sonnewald U. Unlocking dynamic root phenotypes for simultaneous enhancement of water and phosphorus uptake. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108386. [PMID: 38280257 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) and water are crucial for plant growth, but their availability is challenged by climate change, leading to reduced crop production and global food security. In many agricultural soils, crop productivity is confronted by both water and P limitations. The diminished soil moisture decreases available P due to reduced P diffusion, and inadequate P availability diminishes tissue water status through modifications in stomatal conductance and a decrease in root hydraulic conductance. P and water display contrasting distributions in the soil, with P being concentrated in the topsoil and water in the subsoil. Plants adapt to water- and P-limited environments by efficiently exploring localized resource hotspots of P and water through the adaptation of their root system. Thus, developing cultivars with improved root architecture is crucial for accessing and utilizing P and water from arid and P-deficient soils. To meet this goal, breeding towards multiple advantageous root traits can lead to better cultivars for water- and P-limited environments. This review discusses the interplay of P and water availability and highlights specific root traits that enhance the exploration and exploitation of optimal resource-rich soil strata while reducing metabolic costs. We propose root ideotype models, including 'topsoil foraging', 'subsoil foraging', and 'topsoil/subsoil foraging' for maize (monocot) and common bean (dicot). These models integrate beneficial root traits and guide the development of water- and P-efficient cultivars for challenging environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Nasr Esfahani
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Uwe Sonnewald
- Department of Biology, Chair of Biochemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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Basal O, Zargar TB, Veres S. Elevated tolerance of both short-term and continuous drought stress during reproductive stages by exogenous application of hydrogen peroxide on soybean. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2200. [PMID: 38273000 PMCID: PMC10810784 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52838-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The global production of soybean, among other drought-susceptible crops, is reportedly affected by drought periods, putting more pressure on food production worldwide. Drought alters plants' morphology, physiology and biochemistry. As a response to drought, reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations are elevated, causing cellular damage. However, lower concentrations of ROS were reported to have an alleviating role through up-regulating various defensive mechanisms on different levels in drought-stressed plants. This experiment was set up in a controlled environment to monitor the effects of exogenous spray of different (0, 1, 5 and 10 mM) concentrations of H2O2 on two soybean genotypes, i.e., Speeda (drought-tolerant), and Coraline (drought-susceptible) under severe drought stress conditions (induced by polyethylene glycol) during flowering stage. Furthermore, each treatment was further divided into two groups, the first group was kept under drought, whereas drought was terminated in the second group at the end of the flowering stage, and the plants were allowed to recover. After 3 days of application, drought stress significantly decreased chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b, total carotenoids, stomatal conductance, both optimal and actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm and Df/Fm, respectively), relative water content, specific leaf area, shoot length and dry weight, and pod number and fresh weight, but significantly increased the leaf concentration of both proline and total soluble sugars, the root length, volume and dry weight of both genotypes. The foliar application of 1 mM and 5 mM H2O2 on Speeda and Coraline, respectively enhanced most of the decreased traits measurably, whereas the 10 mM concentration did not. The group of treatments where drought was maintained after flowering failed to produce pods, regardless of H2O2 application and concentration, and gradually deteriorated and died 16 and 19 days after drought application on Coraline and Speeda, respectively. Overall, Speeda showed better performance under drought conditions. Low concentrations of foliar H2O2 could help the experimented soybean genotypes better overcome the influence of severe drought during even sensitive stages, such as flowering. Furthermore, our findings suggest that chlorophyll fluorescence and the cellular content of proline and soluble sugars in the leaves can provide clear information on the influence of both drought imposition and H2O2 application on soybean plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oqba Basal
- Department of Applied Plant Biology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Tahoora Batool Zargar
- Department of Applied Plant Biology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Veres
- Department of Applied Plant Biology, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
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Hostetler AN, Morais de Sousa Tinoco S, Sparks EE. Root responses to abiotic stress: a comparative look at root system architecture in maize and sorghum. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:553-562. [PMID: 37798135 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Under all environments, roots are important for plant anchorage and acquiring water and nutrients. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding how root architecture contributes to stress tolerance in a changing climate. Two closely related plant species, maize and sorghum, have distinct root system architectures and different levels of stress tolerance, making comparative analysis between these two species an ideal approach to resolve this knowledge gap. However, current research has focused on shared aspects of the root system that are advantageous under abiotic stress conditions rather than on differences. Here we summarize the current state of knowledge comparing the root system architecture relative to plant performance under water deficit, salt stress, and low phosphorus in maize and sorghum. Under water deficit, steeper root angles and deeper root systems are proposed to be advantageous for both species. In saline soils, a reduction in root length and root number has been described as advantageous, but this work is limited. Under low phosphorus, root systems that are shallow and wider are beneficial for topsoil foraging. Future work investigating the differences between these species will be critical for understanding the role of root system architecture in optimizing plant production for a changing global climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Hostetler
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and the Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | | | - Erin E Sparks
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences and the Delaware Biotechnology Institute, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711, USA
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Liu Z, Li H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Gou Z, Zhao X, Ren H, Wen Z, Li Y, Yu L, Gao H, Wang D, Qi X, Qiu L. QTL for yield per plant under water deficit and well-watered conditions and drought susceptibility index in soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2022.2155569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhangxiong Liu
- National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Center of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Huihui Li
- National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Center of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xingrong Wang
- Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Zuowang Gou
- Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Xingzhen Zhao
- National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Center of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Honglei Ren
- Laboratory of Disease Resistance Breeding, Maize Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haerbin, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Zixiang Wen
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Yinghui Li
- National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Center of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lili Yu
- National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Center of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Huawei Gao
- National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Center of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dechun Wang
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Xusheng Qi
- Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, PR China
| | - Lijuan Qiu
- National Key Facility for Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture/Center of Crop Germplasm Resource, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, PR China
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Zhang Y, Ma Y, Zhao D, Tang Z, Zhang T, Zhang K, Dong J, Zhang H. Genetic regulation of lateral root development. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2081397. [PMID: 35642513 PMCID: PMC10761116 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2081397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lateral roots (LRs) are an important part of plant root systems. In dicots, for example, after plants adapted from aquatic to terrestrial environments, filamentous pseudorhizae evolved to allow nutrient absorption. A typical plant root system comprises a primary root, LRs, root hairs, and a root cap. Classical plant roots exhibit geotropism (the tendency to grow downward into the ground) and can synthesize plant hormones and other essential substances. Root vascular bundles and complex spatial structures enable plants to absorb water and nutrients to meet their nutrient quotas and grow. The primary root carries out most functions during early growth stages but is later overtaken by LRs, underscoring the importance of LR development water and mineral uptake and the soil fixation capacity of the root. LR development is modulated by endogenous plant hormones and external environmental factors, and its underlying mechanisms have been dissected in great detail in Arabidopsis, thanks to its simple root anatomy and the ease of obtaining mutants. This review comprehensively and systematically summarizes past research (largely in Arabidopsis) on LR basic structure, development stages, and molecular mechanisms regulated by different factors, as well as future prospects in LR research, to provide broad background knowledge for root researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Pear Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yuru Ma
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- College of Life Sciences, Hengshui University, Hengshui, Hebei, China
| | - Ziyan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Tengteng Zhang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Jingao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Hebei Province for Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Mahmoud A, Qi R, Chi X, Liao N, Malangisha GK, Ali A, Moustafa-Farag M, Yang J, Zhang M, Hu Z. Integrated Bulk Segregant Analysis, Fine Mapping, and Transcriptome Revealed QTLs and Candidate Genes Associated with Drought Adaptation in Wild Watermelon. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:65. [PMID: 38203237 PMCID: PMC10779233 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Drought stress has detrimental effects on crop productivity worldwide. A strong root system is crucial for maintaining water and nutrients uptake under drought stress. Wild watermelons possess resilient roots with excellent drought adaptability. However, the genetic factors controlling this trait remain uninvestigated. In this study, we conducted a bulk segregant analysis (BSA) on an F2 population consisting of two watermelon genotypes, wild and domesticated, which differ in their lateral root development under drought conditions. We identified two quantitative trait loci (qNLR_Dr. Chr01 and qNLR_Dr. Chr02) associated with the lateral root response to drought. Furthermore, we determined that a small region (0.93 Mb in qNLR_Dr. Chr01) is closely linked to drought adaptation through quantitative trait loci (QTL) validation and fine mapping. Transcriptome analysis of the parent roots under drought stress revealed unique effects on numerous genes in the sensitive genotype but not in the tolerant genotype. By integrating BSA, fine mapping, and the transcriptome, we identified six genes, namely L-Ascorbate Oxidase (AO), Cellulose Synthase-Interactive Protein 1 (CSI1), Late Embryogenesis Abundant Protein (LEA), Zinc-Finger Homeodomain Protein 2 (ZHD2), Pericycle Factor Type-A 5 (PFA5), and bZIP transcription factor 53-like (bZIP53-like), that might be involved in the drought adaptation. Our findings provide valuable QTLs and genes for marker-assisted selection in improving water-use efficiency and drought tolerance in watermelon. They also lay the groundwork for the genetic manipulation of drought-adapting genes in watermelon and other Cucurbitacea species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mahmoud
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.M.); (R.Q.); (X.C.); (N.L.); (G.K.M.); (A.A.); (J.Y.); (M.Z.)
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development & Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 9 Cairo University St, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Rui Qi
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.M.); (R.Q.); (X.C.); (N.L.); (G.K.M.); (A.A.); (J.Y.); (M.Z.)
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Xiaolu Chi
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.M.); (R.Q.); (X.C.); (N.L.); (G.K.M.); (A.A.); (J.Y.); (M.Z.)
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Nanqiao Liao
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.M.); (R.Q.); (X.C.); (N.L.); (G.K.M.); (A.A.); (J.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Guy Kateta Malangisha
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.M.); (R.Q.); (X.C.); (N.L.); (G.K.M.); (A.A.); (J.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Abid Ali
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.M.); (R.Q.); (X.C.); (N.L.); (G.K.M.); (A.A.); (J.Y.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mohamed Moustafa-Farag
- Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, 9 Cairo University St, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.M.); (R.Q.); (X.C.); (N.L.); (G.K.M.); (A.A.); (J.Y.); (M.Z.)
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development & Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mingfang Zhang
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.M.); (R.Q.); (X.C.); (N.L.); (G.K.M.); (A.A.); (J.Y.); (M.Z.)
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development & Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhongyuan Hu
- Institute of Vegetable Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (A.M.); (R.Q.); (X.C.); (N.L.); (G.K.M.); (A.A.); (J.Y.); (M.Z.)
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou District, Sanya 572025, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth, Development & Quality Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou 310058, China
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11
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Do BH, Hiep NT, Lao TD, Nguyen NH. Loss-of-Function Mutation of ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN 6 (ARP6) Impairs Root Growth in Response to Salinity Stress. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1414-1420. [PMID: 36627550 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes have been found to function in various developmental programs in Arabidopsis (e.g., floral transition, warm ambient temperature, and drought stress responses). The SWI2/SNF2-Related 1 Chromatin Remodeling (SWR1) complex is known to control the deposition of H2A.Z, and it has been unraveled that ACTIN-RELATED PROTEIN 6 (ARP6) is one component of this SWR1 complex. Previous studies showed that the arp6 mutant exhibited some distinguished phenotypes such as early flowering, leaf serration, elongated hypocotyl, and reduced seed germination rate in response to osmotic stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate the changes of arp6 mutant when the plants were grown in salt stress condition. The phenotypic observation showed that the arp6 mutant was more sensitive to salt stress than the wild type. Upon salt stress condition, this mutant exhibited attenuated root phenotypes such as shorter primary root length and fewer lateral root numbers. The transcript levels of stress-responsive genes, ABA INSENSITIVE 1 (ABI1) and ABI2, were found to be impaired in the arp6 mutant in comparison with wild-type plants in response to salt stress. In addition, a meta-analysis of published data indicated a number of genes involved in auxin response were induced in arp6 mutant grown in non-stress condition. These imply that the loss of H2A.Z balance (in arp6 mutant) may lead to change stress and auxin responses resulting in alternative root morphogenesis upon both normal and salinity stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bich Hang Do
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Thuan Duc Lao
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 97 Vo Van Tan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hoai Nguyen
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 97 Vo Van Tan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
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12
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Liu S, Zhang Y, Pan X, Li B, Yang Q, Yang C, Zhang J, Wu F, Yang A, Li Y. PIF1, a phytochrome-interacting factor negatively regulates drought tolerance and carotenoids biosynthesis in tobacco. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 247:125693. [PMID: 37419268 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs) function crucially in multiple physiological processes, but the biological functions of some PIFs remain elusive in some species. Here, a PIF transcription factor NtPIF1 was cloned and characterized in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The transcript of NtPIF1 was significantly induced by drought stress treatments, and it localized in the nuclear. Knockout of NtPIF1 by CRISPR/Cas9 system led to the improved drought tolerance of tobacco with increased osmotic adjustment, antioxidant activity, photosynthetic efficiency and decreased water loss rate. On the contrary, NtPIF1-overexpression plants displays drought-sensitive phenotypes. In addition, NtPIF1 reduced the biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) and its upstream carotenoids by regulating the expression of genes involved in ABA and carotenoids biosynthetic pathway upon drought stress. Electrophoretic mobility shift and dual-luciferase assays illustrated that, NtPIF1 directly bind to the E-box elements within the promoters of NtNCED3, NtABI5, NtZDS and Ntβ-LCY to repress their transcription. Overall, these data suggested that NtPIF1 negatively regulate tobacco adaptive response to drought stress and carotenoids biosynthesis; moreover, NtPIF1 has the potential to develop drought-tolerant tobacco plants using CRISPR/Cas9 system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China; Shenzhen Yupeng Technology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Yinchao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xuhao Pan
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Bin Li
- Sichuan Tobacco Corporation, Chengdu 610014, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Changqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | | | - Fengyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Aiguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Yiting Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao 266100, China.
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13
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Bai Y, Zhang T, Zheng X, Li B, Qi X, Xu Y, Li L, Liang C. Overexpression of a WRKY transcription factor McWRKY57-like from Mentha canadensis L. enhances drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:216. [PMID: 37098465 PMCID: PMC10126992 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04213-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought has become a major environmental problem affecting crop production. Members of the WRKY family play important roles in plant development and stress responses. However, their roles in mint have been barely explored. RESULTS In this study, we isolated a drought-inducible gene McWRKY57-like from mint and investigated its function. The gene encodes a group IIc WRKY transcription factor, McWRKY57-like, which is a nuclear protein with a highly conserved WRKY domain and a C2H2 zinc-finger structure, and has transcription factor activity. Its expression levels were examined in different tissues of mint and under the treatment of mannitol, NaCl, abscisic acid, and methyl jasmonate. We found that McWRKY57-like overexpression in Arabidopsis significantly increased drought tolerance. Further studies showed that under drought stress, McWRKY57-like-overexpressing plants had higher chlorophyll, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and proline contents but lower water loss rate and malondialdehyde content than wild-type plants. Moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase were enhanced in McWRKY57-like transgenic plants. Furthermore, qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the drought-related genes AtRD29A, AtRD29B, AtRD20, AtRAB18, AtCOR15A, AtCOR15B, AtKIN2, and AtDREB1A were upregulated in McWRKY57-like transgenic plants than in wild-type Arabidopsis under simulated drought conditions. CONCLUSION These data demonstrated that McWRKY57-like conferred drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis by regulating plant growth, osmolyte accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities, and the expression of stress-related genes. The study indicates that McWRKY57-like plays a positive role in drought response in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Bingxuan Li
- The key laboratory of quality improvement of agriculture products of Zhejiang province, college of advanced agriculture sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Xiwu Qi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Li Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Chengyuan Liang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nanjing Botanical Garden Mem. Sun Yat-Sen), Nanjing, 210014, China.
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14
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Zhang X, Han Y, Han X, Zhang S, Xiong L, Chen T. Peptide chain release factor DIG8 regulates plant growth by affecting ROS-mediated sugar transportation in Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1172275. [PMID: 37063204 PMCID: PMC10102589 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1172275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts have important roles in photosynthesis, stress sensing and retrograde signaling. However, the relationship between chloroplast peptide chain release factor and ROS-mediated plant growth is still unclear. In the present study, we obtained a loss-of-function mutant dig8 by EMS mutation. The dig8 mutant has few lateral roots and a pale green leaf phenotype. By map-based cloning, the DIG8 gene was located on AT3G62910, with a point mutation leading to amino acid substitution in functional release factor domain. Using yeast-two-hybrid and BiFC, we confirmed DIG8 protein was characterized locating in chloroplast by co-localization with plastid marker and interacting with ribosome-related proteins. Through observing by transmission electron microscopy, quantifying ROS content and measuring the transport efficiency of plasmodesmata in dig8 mutant, we found that abnormal thylakoid stack formation and chloroplast dysfunction in the dig8 mutant caused increased ROS activity leading to callose deposition and lower PD permeability. A local sugar supplement partially alleviated the growth retardation phenotype of the mutant. These findings shed light on chloroplast peptide chain release factor-affected plant growth by ROS stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuliang Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Life Sciences, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Siqi Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liming Xiong
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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CPR5-mediated nucleo-cytoplasmic localization of IAA12 and IAA19 controls lateral root development during abiotic stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2209781120. [PMID: 36623191 PMCID: PMC9934060 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2209781120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasticity of the root system architecture (RSA) is essential in enabling plants to cope with various environmental stresses and is mainly controlled by the phytohormone auxin. Lateral root development is a major determinant of RSA. Abiotic stresses reduce auxin signaling output, inhibiting lateral root development; however, how abiotic stress translates into a lower auxin signaling output is not fully understood. Here, we show that the nucleo-cytoplasmic distribution of the negative regulators of auxin signaling AUXIN/INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID INDUCIBLE 12 (AUX/IAA12 or IAA12) and IAA19 determines lateral root development under various abiotic stress conditions. The cytoplasmic localization of IAA12 and IAA19 in the root elongation zone enforces auxin signaling output, allowing lateral root development. Among components of the nuclear pore complex, we show that CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSOR OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENES 5 (CPR5) selectively mediates the cytoplasmic translocation of IAA12/19. Under abiotic stress conditions, CPR5 expression is strongly decreased, resulting in the accumulation of nucleus-localized IAA12/19 in the root elongation zone and the suppression of lateral root development, which is reiterated in the cpr5 mutant. This study reveals a regulatory mechanism for auxin signaling whereby the spatial distribution of AUX/IAA regulators is critical for lateral root development, especially in fluctuating environmental conditions.
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16
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Root ABA Accumulation Delays Lateral Root Emergence in Osmotically Stressed Barley Plants by Decreasing Root Primordial IAA Accumulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/ijpb14010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased auxin levels in root primordia are important in controlling root branching, while their interaction with abscisic acid (ABA) likely regulates lateral root development in water-deficient plants. The role of ABA accumulation in regulating root branching was investigated using immunolocalization to detect auxin (indoleacetic acid, IAA) and ABA (abscisic acid) in root primordia of the ABA-deficient barley mutant Az34 and its parental genotype (cv. Steptoe) barley plants. Osmotic stress strongly inhibited lateral root branching in Steptoe plants, but hardly affected Az34. Root primordial cells of Steptoe plants had increased immunostaining for ABA but diminished staining for IAA. ABA did not accumulate in root primordia of the Az34, and IAA levels and distribution were unaltered. Treating Az34 plants with exogenous ABA decreased root IAA concentration, while increasing root primordial ABA accumulation and decreasing root primordial IAA concentration. Although ABA treatment of Az34 plants increased the root primordial number, it decreased the number of visible emerged lateral roots. These effects were qualitatively similar to that of osmotic stress on the number of lateral root primordia and emerged lateral roots in Steptoe. Thus ABA accumulation (and its crosstalk with auxin) in root primordia seems important in regulating lateral root branching in response to water stress.
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17
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Bowerman AF, Byrt CS, Roy SJ, Whitney SM, Mortimer JC, Ankeny RA, Gilliham M, Zhang D, Millar AA, Rebetzke GJ, Pogson BJ. Potential abiotic stress targets for modern genetic manipulation. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:139-161. [PMID: 36377770 PMCID: PMC9806601 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Research into crop yield and resilience has underpinned global food security, evident in yields tripling in the past 5 decades. The challenges that global agriculture now faces are not just to feed 10+ billion people within a generation, but to do so under a harsher, more variable, and less predictable climate, and in many cases with less water, more expensive inputs, and declining soil quality. The challenges of climate change are not simply to breed for a "hotter drier climate," but to enable resilience to floods and droughts and frosts and heat waves, possibly even within a single growing season. How well we prepare for the coming decades of climate variability will depend on our ability to modify current practices, innovate with novel breeding methods, and communicate and work with farming communities to ensure viability and profitability. Here we define how future climates will impact farming systems and growing seasons, thereby identifying the traits and practices needed and including exemplars being implemented and developed. Critically, this review will also consider societal perspectives and public engagement about emerging technologies for climate resilience, with participatory approaches presented as the best approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew F Bowerman
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Caitlin S Byrt
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Stuart John Roy
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Spencer M Whitney
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Jenny C Mortimer
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Rachel A Ankeny
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Humanities, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia, Australia
| | - Matthew Gilliham
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dabing Zhang
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine & Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Anthony A Millar
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Greg J Rebetzke
- CSIRO Agriculture & Food, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Barry J Pogson
- ARC Training Centre for Accelerated Future Crops Development, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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18
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Durand M, Morin A, Porcheron B, Pourtau N. An Experimental Rhizobox System for the Integrative Analysis of Root Development and Abiotic Stress Responses Under Water-Deficit Conditions. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2642:375-386. [PMID: 36944889 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3044-0_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
The study of root growth and plasticity in situ is rendered difficult by the opacity and mechanical barrier of soil substrates. Therefore, for the analysis of developmental processes and abiotic stress and development relationships, it is essential to set up cultivation systems that overcome these hindrances in a non-invasive and non-destructive manner. For this purpose, we have developed a useful and powerful rhizobox culture system, where the roots are separated from the soil substrate by a porous membrane with a mesh of such width that allows the exchange of water and solutes without allowing the roots to penetrate the soil. This system provides direct, easy, and quick access to the roots and allows to follow root growth and development, root system architecture, and root system plasticity at different stages of plant development and under various environmental conditions. Moreover, these rhizoboxes provide clean and intact roots that can be easily harvested to perform further physiological, biochemical, and molecular analyses at different stages of development and in response to various environmental constraints. This rhizobox method was validated by assessing root response plasticity of drought-stressed Arabidopsis and pea plants grown in soil displaying water content alterations. This rhizobox system is suitable for many types of abiotic stress-development studies, including the comparison of different stress intensities or of various mutants and genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Durand
- Écologie et Biologie des Interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers, CNRS, EBI, Poitiers, France
- EA2106 "Biomolécules et Biotechnologies Végétales", Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Amélie Morin
- Écologie et Biologie des Interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers, CNRS, EBI, Poitiers, France
| | - Benoît Porcheron
- Écologie et Biologie des Interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers, CNRS, EBI, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Pourtau
- Écologie et Biologie des Interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers, CNRS, EBI, Poitiers, France.
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19
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Nasrollahi V, Yuan ZC, Kohalmi SE, Hannoufa A. SPL12 Regulates AGL6 and AGL21 to Modulate Nodulation and Root Regeneration under Osmotic Stress and Nitrate Sufficiency Conditions in Medicago sativa. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11223071. [PMID: 36432802 PMCID: PMC9697194 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The highly conserved plant microRNA, miR156, affects root architecture, nodulation, symbiotic nitrogen fixation, and stress response. In Medicago sativa, transcripts of eleven SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE, SPLs, including SPL12, are targeted for cleavage by miR156. Our previous research revealed the role of SPL12 and its target gene, AGL6, in nodulation in alfalfa. Here, we investigated the involvement of SPL12, AGL6 and AGL21 in nodulation under osmotic stress and different nitrate availability conditions. Characterization of phenotypic and molecular parameters revealed that the SPL12/AGL6 module plays a negative role in maintaining nodulation under osmotic stress. While there was a decrease in the nodule numbers in WT plants under osmotic stress, the SPL12-RNAi and AGL6-RNAi genotypes maintained nodulation under osmotic stress. Moreover, the results showed that SPL12 regulates nodulation under a high concentration of nitrate by silencing AGL21. AGL21 transcript levels were increased under nitrate treatment in WT plants, but SPL12 was not affected throughout the treatment period. Given that AGL21 was significantly upregulated in SPL12-RNAi plants, we conclude that SPL12 may be involved in regulating nitrate inhibition of nodulation in alfalfa by targeting AGL21. Taken together, our results suggest that SPL12, AGL6, and AGL21 form a genetic module that regulates nodulation in alfalfa under osmotic stress and in response to nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Nasrollahi
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Ze-Chun Yuan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
| | - Susanne E. Kohalmi
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Abdelali Hannoufa
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
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20
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Melton AE, Galla SJ, Dumaguit CDC, Wojahn JMA, Novak S, Serpe M, Martinez P, Buerki S. Meta-Analysis Reveals Challenges and Gaps for Genome-to-Phenome Research Underpinning Plant Drought Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12297. [PMID: 36293161 PMCID: PMC9602940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe drought conditions and extreme weather events are increasing worldwide with climate change, threatening the persistence of native plant communities and ecosystems. Many studies have investigated the genomic basis of plant responses to drought. However, the extent of this research throughout the plant kingdom is unclear, particularly among species critical for the sustainability of natural ecosystems. This study aimed to broaden our understanding of genome-to-phenome (G2P) connections in drought-stressed plants and identify focal taxa for future research. Bioinformatics pipelines were developed to mine and link information from databases and abstracts from 7730 publications. This approach identified 1634 genes involved in drought responses among 497 plant taxa. Most (83.30%) of these species have been classified for human use, and most G2P interactions have been described within model organisms or crop species. Our analysis identifies several gaps in G2P research literature and database connectivity, with 21% of abstracts being linked to gene and taxonomy data in NCBI. Abstract text mining was more successful at identifying potential G2P pathways, with 34% of abstracts containing gene, taxa, and phenotype information. Expanding G2P studies to include non-model plants, especially those that are adapted to drought stress, will help advance our understanding of drought responsive G2P pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sven Buerki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA
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21
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Kim SH, Bahk S, Nguyen NT, Pham MLA, Kadam US, Hong JC, Chung WS. Phosphorylation of the auxin signaling transcriptional repressor IAA15 by MPKs is required for the suppression of root development under drought stress in Arabidopsis. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:10544-10561. [PMID: 36161329 PMCID: PMC9561270 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since plants are sessile organisms, developmental plasticity in response to environmental stresses is essential for their survival. Upon exposure to drought, lateral root development is suppressed to induce drought tolerance. However, the molecular mechanism by which the development of lateral roots is inhibited by drought is largely unknown. In this study, the auxin signaling repressor IAA15 was identified as a novel substrate of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) and was shown to suppress lateral root development in response to drought through stabilization by phosphorylation. Both MPK3 and MPK6 directly phosphorylated IAA15 at the Ser-2 and Thr-28 residues. Transgenic plants overexpressing a phospho-mimicking mutant of IAA15 (IAA15DD OX) showed reduced lateral root development due to a higher accumulation of IAA15. In addition, MPK-mediated phosphorylation strongly increased the stability of IAA15 through the inhibition of polyubiquitination. Furthermore, IAA15DD OX plants showed the transcriptional downregulation of two key transcription factors LBD16 and LBD29, responsible for lateral root development. Overall, this study provides the molecular mechanism that explains the significance of the MPK-Aux/IAA module in suppressing lateral root development in response to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Ho Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghwa Bahk
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Nhan Thi Nguyen
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Minh Le Anh Pham
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Ulhas Sopanrao Kadam
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Chan Hong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Sik Chung
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
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22
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Liu W, Chen T, Liu Y, Le QT, Wang R, Lee H, Xiong L. The Plastidial DIG5 Protein Affects Lateral Root Development by Regulating Flavonoid Biosynthesis and Auxin Transport in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810642. [PMID: 36142550 PMCID: PMC9501241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To reveal the mechanisms underlying root adaptation to drought stress, we isolated and characterized an Arabidopsis mutant, dig5 (drought inhibition of lateral root growth 5), which exhibited increased sensitivity to the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) for the inhibition of lateral root growth. The dig5 mutant also had fewer lateral roots under normal conditions and the aerial parts were yellowish with a lower level of chlorophylls. The mutant seedlings also displayed phenotypes indicative of impaired auxin transport, such as abnormal root curling, leaf venation defects, absence of apical hook formation, and reduced hypocotyl elongation in darkness. Auxin transport assays with [3H]-labeled indole acetic acid (IAA) confirmed that dig5 roots were impaired in polar auxin transport. Map-based cloning and complementation assays indicated that the DIG5 locus encodes a chloroplast-localized tRNA adenosine deaminase arginine (TADA) that is involved in chloroplast protein translation. The levels of flavonoids, which are naturally occurring auxin transport inhibitors in plants, were significantly higher in dig5 roots than in the wild type roots. Further investigation showed that flavonoid biosynthetic genes were upregulated in dig5. Introduction of the flavonoid biosynthetic mutation transparent testa 4 (tt4) into dig5 restored the lateral root growth of dig5. Our study uncovers an important role of DIG5/TADA in retrogradely controlling flavonoid biosynthesis and lateral root development. We suggest that the DIG5-related signaling pathways, triggered likely by drought-induced chlorophyll breakdown and leaf senescence, may potentially help the plants to adapt to drought stress through optimizing the root system architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
- High-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yajie Liu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong, China
| | - Quang Tri Le
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
| | - Ruigang Wang
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Hojoung Lee
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-713, Korea
| | - Liming Xiong
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tang, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Agribiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence:
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23
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LaRue T, Lindner H, Srinivas A, Exposito-Alonso M, Lobet G, Dinneny JR. Uncovering natural variation in root system architecture and growth dynamics using a robotics-assisted phenomics platform. eLife 2022; 11:e76968. [PMID: 36047575 PMCID: PMC9499532 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant kingdom contains a stunning array of complex morphologies easily observed above-ground, but more challenging to visualize below-ground. Understanding the magnitude of diversity in root distribution within the soil, termed root system architecture (RSA), is fundamental in determining how this trait contributes to species adaptation in local environments. Roots are the interface between the soil environment and the shoot system and therefore play a key role in anchorage, resource uptake, and stress resilience. Previously, we presented the GLO-Roots (Growth and Luminescence Observatory for Roots) system to study the RSA of soil-grown Arabidopsis thaliana plants from germination to maturity (Rellán-Álvarez et al., 2015). In this study, we present the automation of GLO-Roots using robotics and the development of image analysis pipelines in order to examine the temporal dynamic regulation of RSA and the broader natural variation of RSA in Arabidopsis, over time. These datasets describe the developmental dynamics of two independent panels of accessions and reveal highly complex and polygenic RSA traits that show significant correlation with climate variables of the accessions' respective origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Therese LaRue
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for ScienceStanfordUnited States
| | - Heike Lindner
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for ScienceStanfordUnited States
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Ankit Srinivas
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for ScienceStanfordUnited States
| | - Moises Exposito-Alonso
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for ScienceStanfordUnited States
| | - Guillaume Lobet
- UCLouvain, Faculty of BioengineeringLouvain-la-NeuveBelgium
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Agrosphere InstituteJuelichGermany
| | - José R Dinneny
- Department of Biology, Stanford UniversityStanfordUnited States
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24
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Yang X, Zhu X, Wei J, Li W, Wang H, Xu Y, Yang Z, Xu C, Li P. Primary root response to combined drought and heat stress is regulated via salicylic acid metabolism in maize. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:417. [PMID: 36038847 PMCID: PMC9425997 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03805-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The primary root is the first organ to perceive the stress signals for abiotic stress. In this study, maize plants subjected to drought, heat and combined stresses displayed a significantly reduced primary root length. Metabolic and transcriptional analyses detected 72 and 5,469 differentially expressed metabolites and genes in response to stress conditions, respectively. The functional annotation of differentially expressed metabolites and genes indicated that primary root development was mediated by pathways involving phenylalanine metabolism, hormone metabolism and signaling under stress conditions. Furthermore, we found that the concentration of salicylic acid and two precursors, shikimic acid and phenylalanine, showed rapid negative accumulation after all three stresses. The expression levels of some key genes involved in salicylic acid metabolism and signal transduction were differentially expressed under stress conditions. This study extends our understanding of the mechanism of primary root responses to abiotic stress tolerance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xinjie Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu, Huai'an, 223001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wentao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Houmiao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zefeng Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Chenwu Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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25
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Crop Root Responses to Drought Stress: Molecular Mechanisms, Nutrient Regulations, and Interactions with Microorganisms in the Rhizosphere. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169310. [PMID: 36012575 PMCID: PMC9409098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Roots play important roles in determining crop development under drought. Under such conditions, the molecular mechanisms underlying key responses and interactions with the rhizosphere in crop roots remain limited compared with model species such as Arabidopsis. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of the morphological, physiological, and metabolic responses to drought stress in typical crop roots, along with the regulation of soil nutrients and microorganisms to these responses. Firstly, we summarize how root growth and architecture are regulated by essential genes and metabolic processes under water-deficit conditions. Secondly, the functions of the fundamental plant hormone, abscisic acid, on regulating crop root growth under drought are highlighted. Moreover, we discuss how the responses of crop roots to altered water status are impacted by nutrients, and vice versa. Finally, this article explores current knowledge of the feedback between plant and soil microbial responses to drought and the manipulation of rhizosphere microbes for improving the resilience of crop production to water stress. Through these insights, we conclude that to gain a more comprehensive understanding of drought adaption mechanisms in crop roots, future studies should have a network view, linking key responses of roots with environmental factors.
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26
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Nayak JJ, Anwar S, Krishna P, Chen ZH, Plett JM, Foo E, Cazzonelli CI. Tangerine tomato roots show increased accumulation of acyclic carotenoids, less abscisic acid, drought sensitivity, and impaired endomycorrhizal colonization. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 321:111308. [PMID: 35696908 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Heirloom Golden tangerine tomato fruit variety is highly nutritious due to accumulation of tetra-cis-lycopene, that has a higher bioavailability and recognised health benefits in treating anti-inflammatory diseases compared to all-trans-lycopene isomers found in red tomatoes. We investigated if photoisomerization of tetra-cis-lycopene occurs in roots of the MicroTom tangerine (tangmic) tomato and how this affects root to shoot biomass, mycorrhizal colonization, abscisic acid accumulation, and responses to drought. tangmic plants grown in soil under glasshouse conditions displayed a reduction in height, number of flowers, fruit yield, and root length compared to wild-type (WT). Soil inoculation with Rhizophagus irregularis revealed fewer arbuscules and other fungal structures in the endodermal cells of roots in tangmic relative to WT. The roots of tangmic hyperaccumulated acyclic cis-carotenes, while only trace levels of xanthophylls and abscisic acid were detected. In response to a water deficit, leaves from the tangmic plants displayed a rapid decline in maximum quantum yield of photosystem II compared to WT, indicating a defective root to shoot signalling response to drought. The lack of xanthophylls biosynthesis in tangmic roots reduced abscisic acid levels, thereby likely impairing endomycorrhizal colonisation and drought-induced root to shoot signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jwalit J Nayak
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Sidra Anwar
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Priti Krishna
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; School of Science, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Plett
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Eloise Foo
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 55, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Christopher I Cazzonelli
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
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27
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Huang Z, Tang R, Yi X, Xu W, Zhu P, Jiang CZ. Overexpressing Phytochrome Interacting Factor 8 of Myrothamnus flabellifolia Enhanced Drought and Salt Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158155. [PMID: 35897731 PMCID: PMC9331687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Myrothamnus flabellifolia is the only woody resurrection plant found in the world and can survive from long-term desiccation. Therefore, M. flabellifolia could be considered as a valuable resource for study of plant adaptation to abiotic stress. However, few genes related to its drought tolerance have been functionally characterized and the molecular mechanisms underlying the stress tolerance of M. flabellifolia are largely unknown. The phytochrome interacting factor (PIF) family is a group of basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factors and functions as the core regulator in plant growth and development. However, less is known of its participation in abiotic stress response. In this study, we isolated and characterized a dehydration-inducible PIF gene MfPIF8 from M. flabellifolia. Heterologous expression of MfPIF8 in Arabidopsis enhanced tolerance to drought and salinity stresses at seedling and adult stages. It significantly increased primary root length and stomatal aperture (ration of length/width) under stress treatments and decreased water loss rate. Compared with WT, the transgenic lines overexpressing MfPIF8 exhibited higher chlorophyll content and lower malondialdehyde accumulation. The abilities of osmotic adjustment and reactive oxygen species scavenging were also enhanced in MfPIF8 transgenic lines. These results suggest that MfPIF8 may participate in the positive regulation of abiotic stress responses. Additional investigation of its mechanism is needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13438934187
| | - Rong Tang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Xin Yi
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Wenxin Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Peilei Zhu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang 611130, China; (R.T.); (X.Y.); (W.X.); (P.Z.)
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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28
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Huang Z, Song L, Xiao Y, Zhong X, Wang J, Xu W, Jiang CZ. Overexpression of Myrothamnus flabellifolia MfWRKY41 confers drought and salinity tolerance by enhancing root system and antioxidation ability in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:967352. [PMID: 35937333 PMCID: PMC9355591 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.967352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Myrothamnus flabellifolia is the only woody resurrection plant discovered so far and could recover from extreme desiccation condition. However, few genes related to its strong drought tolerance have been characterized, and the underlying molecular mechanisms remains mysterious. Members of WRKY transcription factor family are effective in regulating abiotic stress responses or tolerance in various plants. An early dehydration-induced gene encoding a WRKY transcription factor namely MfWRKY41 was isolated from M. flabellifolia, which is homologous to AtWRKY41 of Arabidopsis. It contains a typical WRKY domain and zinc finger motif, and is located in the nucleus. Comparing to wild type, the four transgenic lines overexpressing MfWRKY41 showed better growth performance under drought and salt treatments, and exhibited higher chlorophyll content, lower water loss rate and stomatal aperture and better osmotic adjustment capacity. These results indicated that MfWRKY41 of M. flabellifolia positively regulates drought as well as salinity responses. Interestingly, the root system architecture, including lateral root number and primary root length, of the transgenic lines was enhanced by MfWRKY41 under both normal and stressful conditions, and the antioxidation ability was also significantly improved. Therefore, MfWRKY41 may have potential application values in genetic improvement of plant tolerance to drought and salinity stresses. The molecular mechanism involving in the regulatory roles of MfWRKY41 is worthy being explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Song
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhong
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiatong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenxin Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA, United States
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29
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Huang Z, Liu L, Jian L, Xu W, Wang J, Li Y, Jiang CZ. Heterologous Expression of MfWRKY7 of Resurrection Plant Myrothamnus flabellifolia Enhances Salt and Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147890. [PMID: 35887237 PMCID: PMC9324418 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought and salinity have become major environmental problems that affect the production of agriculture, forestry and horticulture. The identification of stress-tolerant genes from plants adaptive to harsh environments might be a feasible strategy for plant genetic improvement to address the challenges brought by global climate changes. In this study, a dehydration-upregulated gene MfWRKY7 of resurrection Plant Myrothamnusflabellifolia, encoding a group IId WRKY transcription factor, was cloned and characterized. The overexpression of MfWRKY7 in Arabidopsis increased root length and tolerance to drought and NaCl at both seedling and adult stages. Further investigation indicated that MfWRKY7 transgenic plants had higher contents of chlorophyll, proline, soluble protein, and soluble sugar but a lower water loss rate and malondialdehyde content compared with wild-type plants under both drought and salinity stresses. Moreover, the higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and lower accumulation of O2− and H2O2 in MfWRKY7 transgenic plants were also found, indicating enhanced antioxidation capacity by MfWRKY7. These findings showed that MfWRKY7 may function in positive regulation of responses to drought and salinity stresses, and therefore, it has potential application value in genetic improvement of plant tolerance to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Huang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-134-3893-4187
| | - Ling Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Linli Jian
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Wenxin Xu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiatong Wang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yaxuan Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (L.L.); (L.J.); (W.X.); (J.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Cai-Zhong Jiang
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Crops Pathology and Genetics Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation by Indigenous Fungal Complexes on the Morpho-Physiological Behavior of Argania spinosa Subjected to Water Deficit Stress. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8040280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our objective is to test selected mycorrhizal complexes to verify the contribution of mycorrhizal symbiosis as a biological tool promoting the development of the argan tree under hostile conditions. In addition, this study aims to assess the impact of soil drought caused by stopping watering of young argan plants inoculated with strains of fungal complexes indigenous to the species in comparison to non-inoculated plants. Under conditions of water deficit stress, the most marked reductions in fresh and dry biomass were recorded in non-mycorrhizal plants. The most negative values of leaf water potential Ψf and Ψb were also noted in non-mycorrhizal plants. On the other hand, plants inoculated with mycorrhizal Bouyzakarne inoculum were relatively less affected by watering discontinuation compared to those inoculated with mycorrhizal Argana inoculum. Water stress caused a reduction in potassium and phosphorus content in the leaves and roots of all plants. However, mycorrhizal plants exhibited the highest P and K values compared to non-mycorrhizal ones. Therefore, mycorrhization compensates for the deficit in absorption of inorganic nutrients during drought. Sodium gradually decreased in the leaves but increased in the roots, and this delocalization of Na+ ions under water deficit stress resulted in higher concentrations in the roots than in the leaves of all plants. However, the mycorrhizal plants exhibited relatively lower values of root Na+ compared to the non-mycorrhizal controls. The water deficit reduced the content of chlorophyll a and b in the leaves and the chlorophyll a/b ratio in stressed plants. The lowest chlorophyll values were recorded in non-mycorrhizal plants. The levels of proline and soluble sugars in the leaves and roots of argan plants increased in all plants, especially with the extension of the duration of stress. However, proline accumulation was higher in mycorrhizal plants, with superiority in plants inoculated with the Bouyzakarne complex in comparison with that of Argana. In contrast, the accumulation of soluble sugars was higher in non-mycorrhizal plants than in mycorrhizal plants. We concluded that with a correct choice of the symbiotic fungi complexes, AMF inoculation biotechnology can benefit argan cultivation, especially under stressful conditions in arid regions with structural drought, where native Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi levels are low.
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Ethanol Positively Modulates Photosynthetic Traits, Antioxidant Defense and Osmoprotectant Levels to Enhance Drought Acclimatization in Soybean. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030516. [PMID: 35326166 PMCID: PMC8944470 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is a major environmental threat to agricultural productivity and food security across the world. Therefore, addressing the detrimental effects of drought on vital crops like soybean has a significant impact on sustainable food production. Priming plants with organic compounds is now being considered as a promising technique for alleviating the negative effects of drought on plants. In the current study, we evaluated the protective functions of ethanol in enhancing soybean drought tolerance by examining the phenotype, growth attributes, and several physiological and biochemical mechanisms. Our results showed that foliar application of ethanol (20 mM) to drought-stressed soybean plants increased biomass, leaf area per trifoliate, gas exchange features, water-use-efficiency, photosynthetic pigment contents, and leaf relative water content, all of which contributed to the improved growth performance of soybean under drought circumstances. Drought stress, on the other hand, caused significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde, as well as an increase of electrolyte leakage in the leaves, underpinning the evidence of oxidative stress and membrane damage in soybean plants. By comparison, exogenous ethanol reduced the ROS-induced oxidative burden by boosting the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including peroxidase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and ascorbate peroxidase, and the content of total flavonoids in soybean leaves exposed to drought stress. Additionally, ethanol supplementation increased the contents of total soluble sugars and free amino acids in the leaves of drought-exposed plants, implying that ethanol likely employed these compounds for osmotic adjustment in soybean under water-shortage conditions. Together, our findings shed light on the ethanol-mediated protective mechanisms by which soybean plants coordinated different morphophysiological and biochemical responses in order to increase their drought tolerance.
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Okooboh GO, Haferkamp I, Valifard M, Pommerrenig B, Kelly A, Feussner I, Neuhaus HE. Overexpression of the vacuolar sugar importer BvTST1 from sugar beet in Camelina improves seed properties and leads to altered root characteristics. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2022; 174:e13653. [PMID: 35187664 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression of the vacuolar sugar transporter TST1 in Arabidopsis leads to higher seed lipid levels and higher total seed yield per plant. However, effects on fruit biomass have not been observed in crop plants like melon, strawberry, cotton, apple, or tomato with increased tonoplast sugar transporter (TST) activity. Thus, it was unclear whether overexpression of TST in selected crops might lead to increased fruit yield, as observed in Arabidopsis. Here, we report that constitutive overexpression of TST1 from sugar beet in the important crop species Camelina sativa (false flax) resembles the seed characteristics observed for Arabidopsis upon increased TST activity. These effects go along with a stimulation of sugar export from source leaves and not only provoke optimised seed properties like higher lipid levels and increased overall seed yield per plant, but also modify the root architecture of BvTST1 overexpressing Camelina lines. Such mutants grew longer primary roots and showed an increased number of lateral roots, especially when developed under conditions of limited water supply. These changes in root properties result in a stabilisation of total seed yield under drought conditions. In summary, we demonstrate that increased vacuolar TST activity may lead to optimised yield of an oil-seed crop species with high levels of healthy ω3 fatty acids in storage lipids. Moreover, since BvTST1 overexpressing Camelina mutants, in addition, exhibit optimised yield under limited water availability, we might devise a strategy to create crops with improved tolerance against drought, representing one of the most challenging environmental cues today and in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria O Okooboh
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern
| | - Ilka Haferkamp
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern
| | - Marzieh Valifard
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern
| | - Amélie Kelly
- Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Zhang Q, Yuan W, Wang Q, Cao Y, Xu F, Dodd IC, Xu W. ABA regulation of root growth during soil drying and recovery can involve auxin response. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:871-883. [PMID: 34176142 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important role in plant adaptation to water deficits, but its role in regulating root growth (primary root elongation and lateral root number) during different drought-phases remains unclear. Here, we exposed wild-type (WT) and ABA-deficient (not) tomato plants to three continuous drought-phases (moderate drying: day 0-21; severe drying: day 22-47 and re-watering: day 48-51). It was found that WT increased primary root growth during moderate drying; maintained more lateral roots, and greater primary root and total root length under severe drying; and produced more roots after re-watering. After RNA-Seq analysis, we found that the auxin-related genes in root showed different expression patterns between WT and not under drying or re-watering. Further, exogenous supply of IAA partially recovered the root growth of ABA-deficient not plants under three continuous drought-phases. Our results suggested that ABA regulation of tomato root growth during soil drying and recovery can involve auxin response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qianwen Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiying Cao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feiyun Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ian C Dodd
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Weifeng Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology and College of Life Sciences, Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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He H, Zhang Y, Wen B, Meng X, Wang N, Sun M, Zhang R, Zhao X, Tan Q, Xiao W, Li D, Fu X, Chen X, Li L. PpNUDX8, a Peach NUDIX Hydrolase, Plays a Negative Regulator in Response to Drought Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:831883. [PMID: 35251068 PMCID: PMC8888663 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.831883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a serious abiotic stress source that affects the growth and fruit quality of peach trees. However, the molecular mechanism of the NUDIX hydrolase family in peaches in response to drought stress is still unclear. Here, we isolated and identified the PpNUDX8 (Prupe.5G062300.1) gene from the peach NUDIX hydrolase family, and found that PpNUDX8 has a typical NUDIX hydrolase domain. In this study, we performed 15% PEG6000 drought treatment on peach seedlings, and qRT-PCR analysis showed that 15% PEG6000 induced the transcription level of PpNUDX8. Overexpression of PpNUDX8 reduced the tolerance of calli to 4% PEG6000 treatment. Compared with wild-type apple calli, PpNUDX8 transgenic apple calli had a lower fresh weight and higher MDA content. After 15% PEG6000 drought treatment, PpNUDX8 transgenic tobacco had a greater degree of wilting and shorter primary roots than Under control conditions. The chlorophyll, soluble protein, and proline contents in the transgenic tobacco decreased, and the MDA content and relative conductivity increased. At the same time, PpNUDX8 negatively regulated ABA signal transduction and reduced the transcriptional expression of stress response genes. In addition, PpNUDX8 was not sensitive to ABA, overexpression of PpNUDX8 reduced the expression of the ABA synthesis-related gene NCED6 and increases the expression of the ABA decomposition-related gene CYP1 in tobacco, which in turn leads to a decrease in the ABA content in tobacco. In addition, Under control conditions, overexpression of PpNUDX8 destroyed the homeostasis of NAD and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in tobacco. After 15% PEG6000 drought treatment, the changes in NAD and NADH in PpNUDX8 transgenic tobacco were more severe than those in WT tobacco. In addition, PpNUDX8 also interacted with PpSnRk1γ (Prupe.6G323700.1).
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Affiliation(s)
- HuaJie He
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - YuZheng Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - BinBin Wen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - XiangGuang Meng
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - MingYun Sun
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - XueHui Zhao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - QiuPing Tan
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - DongMei Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - XiLing Fu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - XiuDe Chen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
- Shandong Province Collaborative Innovation Center for High-Quality and High-Efficiency Vegetable Production, Taian, China
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Luo T, Hu L, Zhang H. Genotypic variation of conservative and profligate water use in the vegetative and reproductive stages of canola ( Brassica napus L.). FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2022; 49:231-244. [PMID: 34991784 DOI: 10.1071/fp21239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Limited water availability is a major constraint to canola (Brassica napus L.) yield in the Mediterranean-type climate region. Selecting and breeding for genotypes with conservative water use characteristics is a promising strategy to improve yield in this environment. Three experiments were conducted to investigate transpiration responses (TR) to vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and progressive soil drying with 8-20 canola genotypes. We used the linear-plateau model to describe TR to elevated VPD and decreased fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) and identified the VPD and FTSW thresholds for plant to limit its transpiration. Canola genotypes showed significant variations in both VPD and FTSW thresholds. The genotypes with conservative water use reduced TR at a lower VPD threshold and decreased TR at a higher FTSW threshold than the profligate ones. We found that the conservative genotypes had low VPD and high FTSW thresholds while the profligate ones had high VPD and low FTSW thresholds. This conservative and profligate water use characteristics were consistent during both vegetative and reproductive stages. Furthermore, the relative yield of genotypes under drought conditions was positively related to the FTSW thresholds during the reproductive stage, indicating the better relative yield performance of conservative genotypes in water-limited farming system. We conclude that canola genotypes with lower VPD and higher FTSW thresholds could conserve water and defer water use for reproductive growth while the profligate genotypes can be deployed to take advantage of high rainfall in the high rainfall zone of southern Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Luo
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; and CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA 6014, Australia
| | - Liyong Hu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Heping Zhang
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA 6014, Australia
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Wu M, Zhang K, Xu Y, Wang L, Liu H, Qin Z, Xiang Y. The moso bamboo WRKY transcription factor, PheWRKY86, regulates drought tolerance in transgenic plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 170:180-191. [PMID: 34894501 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PheWRKY86 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Expression of PheWRKY86 is strongly induced by drought and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. The PheWRKY86 protein localizes to the cell nucleus and is specifically able to bind to W-box elements. 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic Arabidopsis and rice showed significantly improved tolerance to drought stress. 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic plants exhibited better water retention and lower relative electrolyte leakage (REL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to wild type plants. Moreover, 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic lines showed higher sensitivity to ABA stress. The 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic plants exhibited higher ABA levels relative to wild type, while also exhibiting a lower germination rate, root length and fresh weight compared to wild type. Further analysis showed that expression of some ABA-responsive genes was changed in the 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic lines under drought conditions. Transient expression and yeast one-hybrid assays demonstrated that PheWRKY86 could bind to the W-box element in the promoter region of NCED1. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PheWRKY86 plays a positive role in drought tolerance by regulating NCED1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kaimei Zhang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yuzeng Xu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Linna Wang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zilu Qin
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Shazadee H, Khan N, Wang L, Wang X. GhHAI2, GhAHG3, and GhABI2 Negatively Regulate Osmotic Stress Tolerance via ABA-Dependent Pathway in Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:905181. [PMID: 35665139 PMCID: PMC9161169 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.905181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) are well known for their vital roles in plant drought stress responses, but their molecular mechanisms in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) remain largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of three clade A PP2C genes, namely, GhHAI2, GhAHG3, and GhABI2, in regulating the osmotic stress tolerance in cotton. The transcript levels of GhHAI2, GhAHG3, and GhABI2 were rapidly induced by exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) treatment. Silencing of GhHAI2, GhAHG3, and GhABI2 via virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) improved osmotic tolerance in cotton due to decreased water loss, increase in both relative water content (RWC) and photosynthetic gas exchange, higher antioxidant enzyme activity, and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The root analysis further showed that GhHAI2, GhAHG3, and GhABI2-silenced plants were more responsive to osmotic stress. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) assays further substantiated that GhHAI2, GhAHG3, and GhABI2 interact with the core receptors of ABA signaling, GhPYLs. The expression of several ABA-dependent stress-responsive genes was significantly upregulated in GhHAI2-, GhAHG3-, and GhABI2-silenced plants. Our findings suggest that GhHAI2, GhAHG3, and GhABI2 act as negative regulators in the osmotic stress response in cotton through ABA-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamna Shazadee
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nadeem Khan
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyu Wang,
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Abhilasha A, Roy Choudhury S. Molecular and Physiological Perspectives of Abscisic Acid Mediated Drought Adjustment Strategies. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122769. [PMID: 34961239 PMCID: PMC8708728 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Drought is the most prevalent unfavorable condition that impairs plant growth and development by altering morphological, physiological, and biochemical functions, thereby impeding plant biomass production. To survive the adverse effects, water limiting condition triggers a sophisticated adjustment mechanism orchestrated mainly by hormones that directly protect plants via the stimulation of several signaling cascades. Predominantly, water deficit signals cause the increase in the level of endogenous ABA, which elicits signaling pathways involving transcription factors that enhance resistance mechanisms to combat drought-stimulated damage in plants. These responses mainly include stomatal closure, seed dormancy, cuticular wax deposition, leaf senescence, and alteration of the shoot and root growth. Unraveling how plants adjust to drought could provide valuable information, and a comprehensive understanding of the resistance mechanisms will help researchers design ways to improve crop performance under water limiting conditions. This review deals with the past and recent updates of ABA-mediated molecular mechanisms that plants can implement to cope with the challenges of drought stress.
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Valifard M, Le Hir R, Müller J, Scheuring D, Neuhaus HE, Pommerrenig B. Vacuolar fructose transporter SWEET17 is critical for root development and drought tolerance. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:2716-2730. [PMID: 34597404 PMCID: PMC8644896 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Root growth and architecture are markedly influenced by both developmental and environmental cues. Sugars integrate different stimuli and are essential building blocks and signaling molecules for modulating the root system. Members from the SUGAR WILL EVENTUALLY BE EXPORTED TRANSPORTER (SWEET) family facilitate the transport of different sugars over cellular membranes and steer both inter and intracellular distribution of sugars. SWEET17 represents a fructose-specific sugar porter localized to the vacuolar membrane, the tonoplast. Here, we analyzed how SWEET17-dependent fructose released from vacuoles affects root growth during drought stress in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We found that the SWEET17 gene was predominantly expressed in the root vasculature and in meristematic cells of the root tip. SWEET17 expression appeared markedly induced during lateral root (LR) outgrowth and under drought. Moreover, fructose repressed primary root growth but induced density and length of first order LRs. Consistently, sweet17 knock-out mutants exhibited reduced LR growth and a diminished expression of LR-development-related transcription factors during drought stress, resulting in impaired drought tolerance of sweet17 mutants. We discuss how SWEET17 activity integrates drought-induced cellular responses into fructose signaling necessary for modulation of the root system and maximal drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Valifard
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
| | - Rozenn Le Hir
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Versailles, 78000, France
| | - Jonas Müller
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
| | - David Scheuring
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
| | - Horst Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
| | - Benjamin Pommerrenig
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, 67653, Germany
- Author for communication: †Senior author
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Drought Tolerance and Application of Marker-Assisted Selection in Sorghum. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121249. [PMID: 34943164 PMCID: PMC8699005 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Sorghum is a climate-resilient crop grown in limited rainfall areas globally. However, climate change has increased temperature and shortened rainfall durations, which has constrained crop yield. We reviewed mechanisms of drought tolerance and application of marker-assisted selection in sorghum. Marker-assisted selection uses DNA molecular markers to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with stay-green. Stg1, Stg2, Stg3, Stg4, Stg3A, and Stg3B QTLs associated with stay-green and high yield, have been mapped in sorghum. These QTLs are used for introgression into the senescent sorghum varieties through marker-assisted backcrossing. Abstract Sorghum is an important staple food crop in drought prone areas of Sub-Saharan Africa, which is characterized by erratic rainfall with poor distribution. Sorghum is a drought-tolerant crop by nature with reasonable yield compared to other cereal crops, but such abiotic stress adversely affects the productivity. Some sorghum varieties maintain green functional leaves under post-anthesis drought stress referred to as stay-green, which makes it an important crop for food and nutritional security. Notwithstanding, it is difficult to maintain consistency of tolerance over time due to climate change, which is caused by human activities. Drought in sorghum is addressed by several approaches, for instance, breeding drought-tolerant sorghum using conventional and molecular technologies. The challenge with conventional methods is that they depend on phenotyping stay-green, which is complex in sorghum, as it is constituted by multiple genes and environmental effects. Marker assisted selection, which involves the use of DNA molecular markers to map QTL associated with stay-green, has been useful to supplement stay-green improvement in sorghum. It involves QTL mapping associated with the stay-green trait for introgression into the senescent sorghum varieties through marker-assisted backcrossing by comparing with phenotypic field data. Therefore, this review discusses mechanisms of drought tolerance in sorghum focusing on physiological, morphological, and biochemical traits. In addition, the review discusses the application of marker-assisted selection techniques, including marker-assisted backcrossing, QTL mapping, and QTL pyramiding for addressing post-flowering drought in sorghum.
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Hu J, Ren B, Dong S, Liu P, Zhao B, Zhang J. 6-Benzyladenine increasing subsequent waterlogging-induced waterlogging tolerance of summer maize by increasing hormone signal transduction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1509:89-112. [PMID: 34766352 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Summer maize is frequently subjected to waterlogging damage because of increased and variable rainfall during the growing season. The application of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) can effectively mitigate the waterlogging effects on plant growth and increase the grain yield of waterlogged summer maize. However, the mechanisms underlying this process and the involvement of 6-BA in relevant signal transduction pathways remain unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of 6-BA on waterlogged summer maize using a phosphoproteomic technique to better understand the mechanism by which summer maize growth improves following waterlogging. Application of 6-BA inhibited the waterlogging-induced increase in abscisic acid (ABA) content and increased the phosphorylation levels of proteins involved in ABA signaling; accordingly, stomatal responsiveness to exogenous ABA increased. In addition, the application of 6-BA had a long-term effect on signal transduction pathways and contributed to rapid responses to subsequent stresses. Plants primed with 6-BA accumulated more ethylene and jasmonic acid in response to subsequent waterlogging; accordingly, leaf SPAD, antioxidase activity, and root traits improved by 6-BA priming. These results suggest that the effects of 6-BA on hormone signal transduction pathways are anamnestic, which enables plants to show faster or stronger defense responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Baizhao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shuting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
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Lloyd GR, Uesugi A, Gleadow RM. Effects of Salinity on the Growth and Nutrition of Taro (Colocasia esculenta): Implications for Food Security. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10112319. [PMID: 34834682 PMCID: PMC8621212 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) is a staple food crop in the Asia-Pacific region in areas where rising sea levels are threatening agricultural production. However, little is known about its response to salinity. In this study, we investigated the effects of salinity on the growth, morphology, physiology, and chemical traits of taro to predict the impacts of rising sea levels on taro production and nutritional value in the Pacific. We grew taro (approximately 4 months old) with a range of NaCl treatments (0–200 mM) for 12 weeks. Full nutrient, micronutrient, and secondary metabolite analyses were conducted, including measures of calcium oxalate (CaOx), an irritant that reduces palatability. Significant reductions in growth and biomass were observed at and above 100 mM NaCl. Concentrations of macro- and micronutrients, including sodium, were higher on a per mass basis in corms of plants experiencing salt stress. Foliar sodium concentrations remained stable, indicating that taro may utilize a salt exclusion mechanism. There was a large amount of individual variation in the concentrations of oxalate and phenolics, but overall, the concentrations were similar in the plants grown with different levels of salt. The total contents of CaOx and phenolics decreased in plants experiencing salt stress. Taro’s ability to survive and produce corms when watered with a 200 mM NaCl solution places it among the salt-tolerant non-halophytes. The nutritional quality of the crop is only marginally affected by salt stress. Taro is, therefore, likely to remain a useful staple in the Pacific region in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia R. Lloyd
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (G.R.L.); (A.U.)
| | - Akane Uesugi
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (G.R.L.); (A.U.)
- School of Biosciences and Food Technology, RMIT, Bundoora Campus, 264 Plenty Road, Mill Park, VIC 3082, Australia
| | - Roslyn M. Gleadow
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; (G.R.L.); (A.U.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu TY, Ye N, Wang X, Das D, Tan Y, You X, Long M, Hu T, Dai L, Zhang J, Chen MX. Drought stress and plant ecotype drive microbiome recruitment in switchgrass rhizosheath. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1753-1774. [PMID: 34288433 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The rhizosheath, a layer of soil grains that adheres firmly to roots, is beneficial for plant growth and adaptation to drought environments. Switchgrass is a perennial C4 grass which can form contact rhizosheath under drought conditions. In this study, we characterized the microbiomes of four different rhizocompartments of two switchgrass ecotypes (Alamo and Kanlow) grown under drought or well-watered conditions via 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing. These four rhizocompartments, the bulk soil, rhizosheath soil, rhizoplane, and root endosphere, harbored both distinct and overlapping microbial communities. The root compartments (rhizoplane and root endosphere) displayed low-complexity communities dominated by Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Compared to bulk soil, Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes were selectively enriched, while Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were selectively depleted, in rhizosheath soil. Taxa from Proteobacteria or Firmicutes were specifically selected in Alamo or Kanlow rhizosheath soil. Following drought stress, Citrobacter and Acinetobacter were further enriched in rhizosheath soil, suggesting that rhizosheath microbiome assembly is driven by drought stress. Additionally, the ecotype-specific recruitment of rhizosheath microbiome reveals their differences in drought stress responses. Collectively, these results shed light on rhizosheath microbiome recruitment in switchgrass and lay the foundation for the improvement of drought tolerance in switchgrass by regulating the rhizosheath microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tie-Yuan Liu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Nenghui Ye
- Southern Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China, College of Agriculture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Debatosh Das
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuxiang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiangkai You
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Mingxiu Long
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Tianming Hu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Lei Dai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Mo-Xian Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Shah SMS, Ullah F. A comprehensive overview of miRNA targeting drought stress resistance in plants. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 83:e242708. [PMID: 34495144 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.242708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are essential nonprotein-coding genes. In a range of organisms, miRNAs has been reported to play an essential role in regulating gene expressions at post-transcriptional level. They participate in most of the stress responsive processes in plants. Drought is an ultimate abiotic stress that affects the crop production. Therefore understanding drought stress responses are essential to improve the production of agricultural crops. Throughout evolution, plants have developed their own defense systems to cope with the adversities of environmental stresses. Among defensive mechanisms include the regulations of gene expression by miRNAs. Drought stress regulates the expression of some of the functionally conserved miRNAs in different plants. The given properties of miRNAs provide an insight to genetic alterations and enhancing drought resistance in cereal crops. The current review gives a summary to regulatory mechanisms in plants as well as miRNAs response to drought stresses in cereal crops. Some possible approaches and guidelines for the exploitation of drought stress miRNA responses to improve cereal crops are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M S Shah
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Crop Science, National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Beijing, China
| | - F Ullah
- Huazhong Agriculture University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Plant CDKs-Driving the Cell Cycle through Climate Change. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091804. [PMID: 34579337 PMCID: PMC8468384 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In a growing population, producing enough food has become a challenge in the face of the dramatic increase in climate change. Plants, during their evolution as sessile organisms, developed countless mechanisms to better adapt to the environment and its fluctuations. One important way is through the plasticity of their body and their forms, which are modulated during plant growth by accurate control of cell divisions. A family of serine/threonine kinases called cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) is a key regulator of cell divisions by controlling cell cycle progression. In this review, we compile information on the primary response of plants in the regulation of the cell cycle in response to environmental stresses and show how the cell cycle proteins (mainly the cyclin-dependent kinases) involved in this regulation can act as components of environmental response signaling cascades, triggering adaptive responses to drive the cycle through climate fluctuations. Understanding the roles of CDKs and their regulators in the face of adversity may be crucial to meeting the challenge of increasing agricultural productivity in a new climate.
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Singroha G, Sharma P, Sunkur R. Current status of microRNA-mediated regulation of drought stress responses in cereals. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1808-1821. [PMID: 33956991 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the most important abiotic stress factors impeding crop productivity. With the uncovering of their role as potential regulators of gene expression, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized as new targets for developing stress resistance. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs whose abundance is significantly altered under stress conditions. Interestingly, plant miRNAs predominantly targets transcription factors (TFs), and some of which are also the most critical drought-responsive genes that in turn could regulate the expression of numerous loci with drought-adaptive potential. The phytohormone ABA plays important roles in regulating stomatal conductance and in initiating an adaptive response to drought stress. miRNAs are implicated in regulating ABA-(abscisic acid) and non-ABA-mediated drought resistance pathways. For instance, miR159-MYB module and miR169-NFYA module participates in an ABA-dependent pathway, whereas several other ABA-independent miRNA-target modules (miR156-SPL; miR393-TIR1; miR160-ARF10, ARF16, ARF17; miR167-ARF6 and ARF8; miR390/TAS3siRNA-ARF2, ARF3, ARF4) collectively regulate drought responses in plants. Overall, miRNA-mediated drought response manifests diverse molecular, biochemical and physiological processes. Because of their immense role in controlling gene expression, miRNA manipulation has significant potential to augment plant tolerance to drought stress. This review compiles the current understanding of drought-responsive miRNAs in major cereals. Also, potential miRNA manipulation strategies currently in use along with the challenges and future perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Singroha
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Pradeep Sharma
- Crop Improvement Division, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Ramanjulu Sunkur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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Semedo JN, Rodrigues AP, Lidon FC, Pais IP, Marques I, Gouveia D, Armengaud J, Silva MJ, Martins S, Semedo MC, Dubberstein D, Partelli FL, Reboredo FH, Scotti-Campos P, Ribeiro-Barros AI, DaMatta FM, Ramalho JC. Intrinsic non-stomatal resilience to drought of the photosynthetic apparatus in Coffea spp. is strengthened by elevated air [CO2]. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:708-727. [PMID: 33215189 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Growing water restrictions associated with climate changes constitute daunting challenges to crop performance. This study unveils the impacts of moderate (MWD) or severe (SWD) water deficit, and their interaction with air [CO2], on the photosynthetic apparatus of Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner cv. Conilon Clone 153 (CL153) and Coffea arabica L. cv. Icatu. Seven year-old potted plants grown under 380 (aCO2) or 700 μl l -1 (eCO2) [CO2] gradually reached predawn water potentials between -1.6 and -2.1 MPa (MWD), and below -3.5 MPa (SWD). Under drought, stomata closure was chiefly related to abscisic acid (ABA) rise. Increasing drought severity progressively affected gas exchange and fluorescence parameters in both genotypes, with non-stomatal limitations becoming gradually dominating, especially regarding the photochemical and biochemical components of CL153 SWD plants. In contrast, Icatu plants were highly tolerant to SWD, with minor, if any, negative impacts on the potential photosynthetic functioning and components (e.g., Amax, Fv/Fm, electron carriers, photosystems (PSs) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase (RuBisCO) activities). Besides, drought-stressed Icatu plants displayed increased abundance of a large set of proteins associated with the photosynthetic apparatus (PSs, light-harvesting complexes, cyclic electron flow, RuBisCO activase) regardless of [CO2]. Single eCO2 did not promote stomatal and photosynthetic down-regulation in both genotypes. Instead, eCO2 increased photosynthetic performance, moderately reinforced photochemical (PSs activity, electron carriers) and biochemical (RuBisCO, ribulose-5-phosphate kinase) components, whereas photoprotective mechanisms and protein abundance remained mostly unaffected. In both genotypes, under MWD, eCO2 superimposition delayed stress severity and promoted photosynthetic functioning with lower energy dissipation and PSII impacts, whereas stomatal closure was decoupled from increases in ABA. In SWD plants, most impacts on the photosynthetic performance were reduced by eCO2, especially in the moderately drought affected CL153 genotype, although maintaining RuBisCO as the most sensitive component, deserving special breeder's attention to improve coffee sustainability under future climate scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- José N Semedo
- Unidade de Investigação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Qta. Marquês, Av. República, Oeiras 2784-505, Portugal
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Ana P Rodrigues
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, Oeiras 2784-505, Portugal
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Fernando C Lidon
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Isabel P Pais
- Unidade de Investigação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Qta. Marquês, Av. República, Oeiras 2784-505, Portugal
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Isabel Marques
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, Oeiras 2784-505, Portugal
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Duarte Gouveia
- CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, Université Paris Saclay, Bagnols-sur-Cèze F-F-30200, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, Université Paris Saclay, Bagnols-sur-Cèze F-F-30200, France
| | - Maria J Silva
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, Oeiras 2784-505, Portugal
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Sónia Martins
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, Lisboa 1959-007, Portugal
| | - Magda C Semedo
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- Área Departamental de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, Lisboa 1959-007, Portugal
| | - Danielly Dubberstein
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, Oeiras 2784-505, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas (DCAB), Centro Universitário do Norte do Espírito Santo (CEUNES), Universidade Federal Espírito Santo (UFES), Rod. BR 101 Norte, Km. 60, Bairro Litorâneo, São Mateu-ES, CEP 29932-540, Brazil
| | - Fábio L Partelli
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas (DCAB), Centro Universitário do Norte do Espírito Santo (CEUNES), Universidade Federal Espírito Santo (UFES), Rod. BR 101 Norte, Km. 60, Bairro Litorâneo, São Mateu-ES, CEP 29932-540, Brazil
| | - Fernando H Reboredo
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Paula Scotti-Campos
- Unidade de Investigação em Biotecnologia e Recursos Genéticos, Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, I.P. (INIAV), Qta. Marquês, Av. República, Oeiras 2784-505, Portugal
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Ana I Ribeiro-Barros
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, Oeiras 2784-505, Portugal
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
| | - Fábio M DaMatta
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José C Ramalho
- Unidade de Geobiociências, Geoengenharias e Geotecnologias (GeoBioTec), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia (FCT), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (UNL), Monte de Caparica, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Quinta do Marquês, Av. República, Oeiras 2784-505, Portugal
- Plant Stress and Biodiversity Lab, Centro de Estudos Florestais (CEF), Instituto Superior Agronomia (ISA), Universidade de Lisboa (ULisboa), Tapada da Ajuda, Lisboa 1349-017, Portugal
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Alshammari SO, Dakshanamurthy S, Ullah H. Small compounds targeting tyrosine phosphorylation of Scaffold Protein Receptor for Activated C Kinase1A (RACK1A) regulate auxin mediated lateral root development in Arabidopsis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1899488. [PMID: 33784940 PMCID: PMC8078533 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1899488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) is WD-40 type scaffold protein, conserved in all eukaryote organisms. Many reports implicated RACK1 in plant hormone signal transduction pathways including in auxin and diverse stress signaling pathways; however, the precise molecular mechanism of its role is not understood. Previously, a group of small compounds targeting the Arabidopsis RACK1A functional site-Tyr248 have been developed. Here, the three different small compounds are used to elucidate the role of RACK1A in auxin mediated lateral root development. Through monitoring the auxin response in the architecture of lateral roots and auxin reporter assays, a small molecule- SD29-12 was found to stabilize the auxin induced RACK1A Tyr248 phosphorylation, thereby stimulating auxin signaling and inducing lateral roots formation. In contrast, two other compounds, SD29 and SD29-14, inhibited auxin induced RACK1A Tyr248 phosphorylation resulting in the inhibition of auxin sensitivity and alternation in the lateral roots formation. Taken together, auxin induced RACK1A Tyr248 phosphorylation is found to be the critical regulatory mechanism for auxin-mediated lateral root development. This work leads to the molecular understanding of the role RACK1A plays in the auxin induced lateral root development signaling pathways. The auxin signal stimulating compound has the potential to be used as auxin-based root inducing bio-stimulant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifaa O Alshammari
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, Hafar Al Batin, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, USA
- CONTACT Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057 United States
| | - Hemayet Ullah
- Department of Biology, Howard University, Washington, USA
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Host Antony David R, Ramakrishnan M, Maharajan T, BarathiKannan K, Atul Babu G, Daniel MA, Agastian P, Antony Caesar S, Ignacimuthu S. Mining QTL and genes for root traits and biochemical parameters under vegetative drought in South Indian genotypes of finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn) by association mapping and in silico comparative genomics. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Bányai J, Maccaferri M, Láng L, Mayer M, Tóth V, Cséplő M, Pál M, Mészáros K, Vida G. Abiotic Stress Response of Near-Isogenic Spring Durum Wheat Lines under Different Sowing Densities. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2053. [PMID: 33669605 PMCID: PMC7923076 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A detailed study was made of changes in the plant development, morphology, physiology and yield biology of near-isogenic lines of spring durum wheat sown in the field with different plant densities in two consecutive years (2013-2014). An analysis was made of the drought tolerance of isogenic lines selected for yield QTLs (QYld.idw-2B and QYld.idw-3B), and the presence of QTL effects was examined in spring sowings. Comparisons were made of the traits of the isogenic pairs QYld.idw-3B++ and QYld.idw-3B-- both within and between the pairs. Changes in the polyamine content, antioxidant enzyme activity, chlorophyll content of the flag leaf and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of the plot were monitored in response to drought stress, and the relationship between these components and the yield was analyzed. In the case of moderate stress, differences between the NIL++ and NIL-- pairs appeared in the early dough stage, indicating that the QYld.idw-3B++ QTL region was able to maintain photosynthetic activity for a longer period, resulting in greater grain number and grain weight at the end of the growing period. The chlorophyll content of the flag leaf in phenophases Z77 and Z83 was significantly correlated with the grain number and grain weight of the main spike. The grain yield was greatly influenced by the treatment, while the genotype had a significant effect on the thousand-kernel weight and on the grain number and grain weight of the main spike. When the lines were compared in the non-irrigated treatment, significantly more grains and significantly higher grain weight were observed in the main spike in NIL++ lines, confirming the theory that the higher yields of the QYld.idw-3B++ lines when sown in spring and exposed to drought stress could be attributed to the positive effect of the "Kofa" QTL on chromosome 3B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Bányai
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (L.L.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (K.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Marco Maccaferri
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - László Láng
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (L.L.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (K.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Marianna Mayer
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (L.L.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (K.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Viola Tóth
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (L.L.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (K.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Mónika Cséplő
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (L.L.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (K.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Magda Pál
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (L.L.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (K.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Klára Mészáros
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (L.L.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (K.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Gyula Vida
- Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary; (L.L.); (M.M.); (V.T.); (M.C.); (M.P.); (K.M.); (G.V.)
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