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Ruiz-Bayón A, Cara-Rodríguez C, Sarmiento-Mañús R, Muñoz-Viana R, Lozano FM, Ponce MR, Micol JL. Roles of the Arabidopsis KEULE Gene in Postembryonic Development. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6667. [PMID: 38928373 PMCID: PMC11204279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis in plant cells begins with the fusion of vesicles that transport cell wall materials to the center of the cell division plane, where the cell plate forms and expands radially until it fuses with the parental cell wall. Vesicle fusion is facilitated by trans-SNARE complexes, with assistance from Sec1/Munc18 (SM) proteins. The SNARE protein KNOLLE and the SM protein KEULE are required for membrane fusion at the cell plate. Due to the crucial function of KEULE, all Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) keule mutants identified to date are seedling lethal. Here, we identified the Arabidopsis serrata4-1 (sea4-1) and sea4-2 mutants, which carry recessive, hypomorphic alleles of KEULE. Homozygous sea4-1 and sea4-2 plants are viable and fertile but have smaller rosettes and fewer leaves at bolting than the wild type. Their leaves are serrated, small, and wavy, with a complex venation pattern. The mutant leaves also develop necrotic patches and undergo premature senescence. RNA-seq revealed transcriptome changes likely leading to reduced cell wall integrity and an increase in the unfolded protein response. These findings shed light on the roles of KEULE in postembryonic development, particularly in the patterning of rosette leaves and leaf margins.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - José Luis Micol
- Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Campus de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (A.R.-B.); (C.C.-R.); (R.S.-M.); (R.M.-V.); (F.M.L.); (M.R.P.)
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2
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Allen H, Zhu X, Li S, Gu Y. The TRAPPIII subunit, Trs85, has a dual role in the trafficking of cellulose synthase complexes in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:1475-1485. [PMID: 38402593 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Plant cell walls are essential for defining plant growth and development, providing structural support to the main body and responding to abiotic and biotic cues. Cellulose, the main structural polymer of plant cell walls, is synthesized at the plasma membrane by cellulose synthase complexes (CSCs). The construction and transport of CSCs to and from the plasma membrane is poorly understood but is known to rely on the coordinated activity of cellulose synthase-interactive protein 1 (CSI1), a key regulator of CSC trafficking. In this study, we found that Trs85, a TRAPPIII complex subunit, interacted with CSI1 in vitro. Using functional genetics and live-cell imaging, we have shown that trs85-1 mutants have reduced cellulose content, stimulated CSC delivery, an increased population of static CSCs and deficient clathrin-mediated endocytosis in the primary cell wall. Overall, our findings suggest that Trs85 has a dual role in the trafficking of CSCs, by negatively regulating the exocytosis and clathrin-mediated endocytosis of CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly Allen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Shundai Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - Ying Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
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3
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Wiese C, Abele M, Al B, Altmann M, Steiner A, Kalbfuß N, Strohmayr A, Ravikumar R, Park CH, Brunschweiger B, Meng C, Facher E, Ehrhardt DW, Falter-Braun P, Wang ZY, Ludwig C, Assaad FF. Regulation of adaptive growth decisions via phosphorylation of the TRAPPII complex in Arabidopsis. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202311125. [PMID: 38558238 PMCID: PMC10983811 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202311125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants often adapt to adverse or stress conditions via differential growth. The trans-Golgi network (TGN) has been implicated in stress responses, but it is not clear in what capacity it mediates adaptive growth decisions. In this study, we assess the role of the TGN in stress responses by exploring the previously identified interactome of the Transport Protein Particle II (TRAPPII) complex required for TGN structure and function. We identified physical and genetic interactions between AtTRAPPII and shaggy-like kinases (GSK3/AtSKs) and provided in vitro and in vivo evidence that the TRAPPII phosphostatus mediates adaptive responses to abiotic cues. AtSKs are multifunctional kinases that integrate a broad range of signals. Similarly, the AtTRAPPII interactome is vast and considerably enriched in signaling components. An AtSK-TRAPPII interaction would integrate all levels of cellular organization and instruct the TGN, a central and highly discriminate cellular hub, as to how to mobilize and allocate resources to optimize growth and survival under limiting or adverse conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wiese
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Miriam Abele
- Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Benjamin Al
- Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Melina Altmann
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center (MTTC), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Nils Kalbfuß
- Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Alexander Strohmayr
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Raksha Ravikumar
- Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Chan Ho Park
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Barbara Brunschweiger
- Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Chen Meng
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Eva Facher
- Systematic Botany and Mycology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - David W. Ehrhardt
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pascal Falter-Braun
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Molecular Targets and Therapeutics Center (MTTC), Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Christina Ludwig
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Farhah F. Assaad
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
- Botany, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
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4
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Wiese C, Abele M, Al B, Altmann M, Steiner A, Kalbfuß N, Strohmayr A, Ravikumar R, Park CH, Brunschweiger B, Meng C, Facher E, Ehrhardt DW, Falter-Braun P, Wang ZY, Ludwig C, Assaad FF. Regulation of adaptive growth decisions via phosphorylation of the TRAPPII complex in Arabidopsis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.24.537966. [PMID: 37986925 PMCID: PMC10659361 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.24.537966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Plants often adapt to adverse or stress conditions via differential growth. The trans-Golgi Network (TGN) has been implicated in stress responses, but it is not clear in what capacity it mediates adaptive growth decisions. In this study, we assess the role of the TGN in stress responses by exploring the interactome of the Transport Protein Particle II (TRAPPII) complex, required for TGN structure and function. We identified physical and genetic interactions between TRAPPII and shaggy-like kinases (GSK3/AtSKs). Kinase assays and pharmacological inhibition provided in vitro and in vivo evidence that AtSKs target the TRAPPII-specific subunit AtTRS120/TRAPPC9. GSK3/AtSK phosphorylation sites in AtTRS120/TRAPPC9 were mutated, and the resulting AtTRS120 phosphovariants subjected to a variety of single and multiple stress conditions in planta . The non-phosphorylatable TRS120 mutant exhibited enhanced adaptation to multiple stress conditions and to osmotic stress whereas the phosphomimetic version was less resilient. Higher order inducible trappii atsk mutants had a synthetically enhanced defect in root gravitropism. Our results suggest that the TRAPPII phosphostatus mediates adaptive responses to abiotic cues. AtSKs are multifunctional kinases that integrate a broad range of signals. Similarly, the TRAPPII interactome is vast and considerably enriched in signaling components. An AtSK-TRAPPII interaction would integrate all levels of cellular organization and instruct the TGN, a central and highly discriminate cellular hub, as to how to mobilize and allocate resources to optimize growth and survival under limiting or adverse conditions.
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5
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Lebecq A, Goldy C, Fangain A, Gascon E, Belcram K, Pastuglia M, Bouchez D, Caillaud MC. The phosphoinositide signature guides the final step of plant cytokinesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf7532. [PMID: 37467331 PMCID: PMC10355833 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf7532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Plant cytokinesis, which fundamentally differs from that in animals, requires the outward expansion of a plasma membrane precursor named the cell plate. How the transition from a cell plate to a plasma membrane occurs remains poorly understood. Here, we report that the acquisition of plasma membrane identity occurs through lateral patterning of the phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate PI(4,5)P2 at the newly formed cell plate membrane. There, the phosphoinositide phosphatase SAC9 emerges as a key regulator, colocalizing with and regulating the function of the microtubule-associated protein MAP65-3 at the cell plate leading zone. In sac9-3 mutant, the polar distribution of PI(4,5)P2 at the cell plate is altered, leading to ectopic recruitment of the cytokinesis apparatus and formation of an additional cell plate insertion site. We propose that at the cell plate, SAC9 drives the depletion of PI(4,5)P2, which acts as a polar cue to spatially separate cell plate expansion from the acquisition of plasma membrane identity during final step of cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Lebecq
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAe, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Camila Goldy
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAe, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Aurélie Fangain
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAe, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Elsa Gascon
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAe, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Katia Belcram
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Martine Pastuglia
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - David Bouchez
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Caillaud
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAe, F-69342 Lyon, France
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6
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Zhao R, Li N, Lin Q, Li M, Shen X, Peng Y, Du Y, Ning Q, Li Y, Zhan J, Yang F, Xu F, Zhang Z, Liu L. ZmBET5L1 inhibits primary root growth and decreases osmotic stress tolerance by mediating vesicle aggregation and tethering in maize. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:975-990. [PMID: 36515184 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Improving osmotic stress tolerance is critical to help crops to thrive and maintain high yields in adverse environments. Here, we characterized a core subunit of the transport protein particle (TRAPP) complex, ZmBET5L1, in maize using knowledge-driven data mining and genome editing. We found that ZmBET5L1 can interact with TRAPP I complex subunits and act as a tethering factor to mediate vesicle aggregation and targeting from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus. ZmBET5L1 knock-out increased the primary root elongation rate under 20% polyethylene glycol-simulated osmotic stress and the survival rate under drought stress compared to wild-type seedlings. In addition, we found that ZmBET5L1 moderates PIN1 polar localization and auxin flow to maintain normal root growth. ZmBET5L1 knock-out optimized auxin flow to the lateral side of the root and promoted its growth to generate a robust root, which may be related to improved osmotic stress tolerance. Together, these findings demonstrate that ZmBET5L1 inhibits primary root growth and decreases osmotic stress tolerance by regulating vesicle transport and auxin distribution. This study has improved our understanding of the role of tethering factors in response to abiotic stresses and identified desirable variants for breeding osmotic stress tolerance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qianrun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Manfei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomeng Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, Tai-An, China
| | - Qiang Ning
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunfu Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jimin Zhan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zuxin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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7
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Shi Y, Luo C, Xiang Y, Qian D. Rab GTPases, tethers, and SNAREs work together to regulate Arabidopsis cell plate formation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1120841. [PMID: 36844074 PMCID: PMC9950755 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1120841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cell plates are transient structures formed by the fusion of vesicles at the center of the dividing plane; furthermore, these are precursors to new cell walls and are essential for cytokinesis. Cell plate formation requires a highly coordinated process of cytoskeletal rearrangement, vesicle accumulation and fusion, and membrane maturation. Tethering factors have been shown to interact with the Ras superfamily of small GTP binding proteins (Rab GTPases) and soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), which are essential for cell plate formation during cytokinesis and are fundamental for maintaining normal plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis thaliana, members of the Rab GTPases, tethers, and SNAREs are localized in cell plates, and mutations in the genes encoding these proteins result in typical cytokinesis-defective phenotypes, such as the formation of abnormal cell plates, multinucleated cells, and incomplete cell walls. This review highlights recent findings on vesicle trafficking during cell plate formation mediated by Rab GTPases, tethers, and SNAREs.
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8
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Ito E, Uemura T. RAB GTPases and SNAREs at the trans-Golgi network in plants. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2022; 135:389-403. [PMID: 35488138 PMCID: PMC9188535 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-022-01392-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Membrane traffic is a fundamental cellular system to exchange proteins and membrane lipids among single membrane-bound organelles or between an organelle and the plasma membrane in order to keep integrity of the endomembrane system. RAB GTPases and SNARE proteins, the key regulators of membrane traffic, are conserved broadly among eukaryotic species. However, genome-wide analyses showed that organization of RABs and SNAREs that regulate the post-Golgi transport pathways is greatly diversified in plants compared to other model eukaryotes. Furthermore, some organelles acquired unique properties in plant lineages. Like in other eukaryotic systems, the trans-Golgi network of plants coordinates secretion and vacuolar transport; however, uniquely in plants, it also acts as a platform for endocytic transport and recycling. In this review, we focus on RAB GTPases and SNAREs that function at the TGN, and summarize how these regulators perform to control different transport pathways at the plant TGN. We also highlight the current knowledge of RABs and SNAREs' role in regulation of plant development and plant responses to environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Ito
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Uemura
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8610, Japan.
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9
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Arabidopsis exocyst subunit SEC6 is involved in cell plate formation during Microgametogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 598:100-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Gu Y, Rasmussen CG. Cell biology of primary cell wall synthesis in plants. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:103-128. [PMID: 34613413 PMCID: PMC8774047 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Building a complex structure such as the cell wall, with many individual parts that need to be assembled correctly from distinct sources within the cell, is a well-orchestrated process. Additional complexity is required to mediate dynamic responses to environmental and developmental cues. Enzymes, sugars, and other cell wall components are constantly and actively transported to and from the plasma membrane during diffuse growth. Cell wall components are transported in vesicles on cytoskeletal tracks composed of microtubules and actin filaments. Many of these components, and additional proteins, vesicles, and lipids are trafficked to and from the cell plate during cytokinesis. In this review, we first discuss how the cytoskeleton is initially organized to add new cell wall material or to build a new cell wall, focusing on similarities during these processes. Next, we discuss how polysaccharides and enzymes that build the cell wall are trafficked to the correct location by motor proteins and through other interactions with the cytoskeleton. Finally, we discuss some of the special features of newly formed cell walls generated during cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Carolyn G Rasmussen
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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11
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Garcia VJ, Xu SL, Ravikumar R, Wang W, Elliott L, Gonzalez E, Fesenko M, Altmann M, Brunschweiger B, Falter-Braun P, Moore I, Burlingame A, Assaad FF, Wang ZY. TRIPP Is a Plant-Specific Component of the Arabidopsis TRAPPII Membrane Trafficking Complex with Important Roles in Plant Development. THE PLANT CELL 2020; 32:2424-2443. [PMID: 32371545 PMCID: PMC7346556 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.20.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
How the membrane trafficking system spatially organizes intracellular activities and intercellular signaling networks in plants is not well understood. Transport Protein Particle (TRAPP) complexes play key roles in the selective delivery of membrane vesicles to various subcellular compartments in yeast and animals but remain to be fully characterized in plants. Here, we investigated TRAPP complexes in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) using immunoprecipitation followed by quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of AtTRS33, a conserved core component of all TRAPP complexes. We identified 14 AtTRS33-interacting proteins, including homologs of all 13 TRAPP components in mammals and a protein that has homologs only in multicellular photosynthetic organisms and is thus named TRAPP-Interacting Plant Protein (TRIPP). TRIPP specifically associates with the TRAPPII complex through binary interactions with two TRAPPII-specific subunits. TRIPP colocalized with a subset of TRS33 compartments and trans-Golgi network markers in a TRS33-dependent manner. Loss-of-function tripp mutants exhibited dwarfism, sterility, partial photomorphogenesis in the dark, reduced polarity of the auxin transporter PIN2, incomplete cross wall formation, and altered localization of a TRAPPII-specific component. Therefore, TRIPP is a plant-specific component of the TRAPPII complex with important functions in trafficking, plant growth, and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veder J Garcia
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Shou-Ling Xu
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Raksha Ravikumar
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Wenfei Wang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liam Elliott
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, United Kingdom
| | - Efren Gonzalez
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California 94305
| | - Mary Fesenko
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, United Kingdom
| | - Melina Altmann
- Institute of Network Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Barbara Brunschweiger
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Pascal Falter-Braun
- Institute of Network Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Microbe-Host-Interactions, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ian Moore
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, United Kingdom
| | - Alma Burlingame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158
| | - Farhah F Assaad
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, California 94305
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12
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Zhang J, Chen J, Wang L, Zhao S, Wang W, Li J, Liu B, Qi X, Zheng H, Lu M. An essential role for Arabidopsis Trs33 in cell growth and organization in plant apical meristems. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2020; 39:381-391. [PMID: 31828377 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02497-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Trafficking protein particle (TRAPP) complexes subunit gene AtTrs33 plays an important role in keeping apical meristematic activity and dominance in Arabidopsis. TRAPP complexes, composed of multimeric subunits, are guanine-nucleotide exchange factors for certain Rab GTPases and are believed to be involved in the regulation of membrane trafficking, but the cases in Arabidopsis are largely unknown. Trs33, recently proposed to be a component of TRAPP IV, is non-essential in yeast cells. A single copy of Trs33 gene, AtTrs33, was identified in Arabidopsis. GUS activity assay indicated that AtTrs33 was ubiquitously expressed. Based on a T-DNA insertion line, we found that loss-of-function of AtTrs33 is lethal for apical growth. Knock-down or knock-in of AtTrs33 affects apical meristematic growth and fertility, which indicates that AtTrs33 plays an important role in keeping apical meristematic activity and dominance in Arabidopsis. Analysis of auxin responses and PIN1/2 localization indicate that impaired apical meristematic activity and dominance were caused by altered auxin responses through non-polarized PIN1 localization. The present study reported that AtTrs33 plays an essential role in Arabidopsis cell growth and organization, which is different with its homologue in yeast. These findings provide new insights into the functional divergence of TRAPP subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Lijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Shutang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Weina Wang
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Bobin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Xingyun Qi
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Huanquan Zheng
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada.
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hanzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
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13
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Kalde M, Elliott L, Ravikumar R, Rybak K, Altmann M, Klaeger S, Wiese C, Abele M, Al B, Kalbfuß N, Qi X, Steiner A, Meng C, Zheng H, Kuster B, Falter-Braun P, Ludwig C, Moore I, Assaad FF. Interactions between Transport Protein Particle (TRAPP) complexes and Rab GTPases in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:279-297. [PMID: 31264742 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Transport Protein Particle II (TRAPPII) is essential for exocytosis, endocytosis, protein sorting and cytokinesis. In spite of a considerable understanding of its biological role, little information is known about Arabidopsis TRAPPII complex topology and molecular function. In this study, independent proteomic approaches initiated with TRAPP components or Rab-A GTPase variants converge on the TRAPPII complex. We show that the Arabidopsis genome encodes the full complement of 13 TRAPPC subunits, including four previously unidentified components. A dimerization model is proposed to account for binary interactions between TRAPPII subunits. Preferential binding to dominant negative (GDP-bound) versus wild-type or constitutively active (GTP-bound) RAB-A2a variants discriminates between TRAPPII and TRAPPIII subunits and shows that Arabidopsis complexes differ from yeast but resemble metazoan TRAPP complexes. Analyzes of Rab-A mutant variants in trappii backgrounds provide genetic evidence that TRAPPII functions upstream of RAB-A2a, allowing us to propose that TRAPPII is likely to behave as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the RAB-A2a GTPase. GEFs catalyze exchange of GDP for GTP; the GTP-bound, activated, Rab then recruits a diverse local network of Rab effectors to specify membrane identity in subsequent vesicle fusion events. Understanding GEF-Rab interactions will be crucial to unravel the co-ordination of plant membrane traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kalde
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Liam Elliott
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Raksha Ravikumar
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Rybak
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Melina Altmann
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Susan Klaeger
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Christian Wiese
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Miriam Abele
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Benjamin Al
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Nils Kalbfuß
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Xingyun Qi
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, H3B 1A1, Canada
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Chen Meng
- BayBioMS, Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Huanquan Zheng
- Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, H3B 1A1, Canada
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Pascal Falter-Braun
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Microbe-Host-Interactions, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, Planegg-Martinsried, 82152, Germany
| | - Christina Ludwig
- BayBioMS, Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Ian Moore
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Farhah F Assaad
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, Freising, 85354, Germany
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14
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Rosquete MR, Worden N, Ren G, Sinclair RM, Pfleger S, Salemi M, Phinney BS, Domozych D, Wilkop T, Drakakaki G. AtTRAPPC11/ROG2: A Role for TRAPPs in Maintenance of the Plant Trans-Golgi Network/Early Endosome Organization and Function. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:1879-1898. [PMID: 31175171 PMCID: PMC6713296 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.19.00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic trans-Golgi network/early endosome (TGN/EE) facilitates cargo sorting and trafficking and plays a vital role in plant development and environmental response. Transport protein particles (TRAPPs) are multi-protein complexes acting as guanine nucleotide exchange factors and possibly as tethers, regulating intracellular trafficking. TRAPPs are essential in all eukaryotic cells and are implicated in a number of human diseases. It has been proposed that they also play crucial roles in plants; however, our current knowledge about the structure and function of plant TRAPPs is very limited. Here, we identified and characterized AtTRAPPC11/RESPONSE TO OLIGOGALACTURONIDE2 (AtTRAPPC11/ROG2), a TGN/EE-associated, evolutionarily conserved TRAPP protein in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). AtTRAPPC11/ROG2 regulates TGN integrity, as evidenced by altered TGN/EE association of several residents, including SYNTAXIN OF PLANTS61, and altered vesicle morphology in attrappc11/rog2 mutants. Furthermore, endocytic traffic and brefeldin A body formation are perturbed in attrappc11/rog2, suggesting a role for AtTRAPPC11/ROG2 in regulation of endosomal function. Proteomic analysis showed that AtTRAPPC11/ROG2 defines a hitherto uncharacterized TRAPPIII complex in plants. In addition, attrappc11/rog2 mutants are hypersensitive to salinity, indicating an undescribed role of TRAPPs in stress responses. Overall, our study illustrates the plasticity of the endomembrane system through TRAPP protein functions and opens new avenues to explore this dynamic network.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natasha Worden
- Department of Plant Sciences University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Guangxi Ren
- Department of Plant Sciences University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Rosalie M Sinclair
- Department of Plant Sciences University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Sina Pfleger
- Department of Plant Sciences University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Michelle Salemi
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Brett S Phinney
- Genome Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - David Domozych
- Department of Biology and Skidmore Microscopy Imaging Center, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, New York 12866
| | - Thomas Wilkop
- Department of Plant Sciences University of California, Davis, California 95616
- Light Microscopy Core, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536
| | - Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Plant Sciences University of California, Davis, California 95616
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15
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Tang H, de Keijzer J, Overdijk EJR, Sweep E, Steentjes M, Vermeer JEM, Janson ME, Ketelaar T. Exocyst subunit Sec6 is positioned by microtubule overlaps in the moss phragmoplast prior to cell plate membrane arrival. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs222430. [PMID: 30635445 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.222430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During plant cytokinesis a radially expanding membrane-enclosed cell plate is formed from fusing vesicles that compartmentalizes the cell in two. How fusion is spatially restricted to the site of cell plate formation is unknown. Aggregation of cell-plate membrane starts near regions of microtubule overlap within the bipolar phragmoplast apparatus of the moss Physcomitrella patens Since vesicle fusion generally requires coordination of vesicle tethering and subsequent fusion activity, we analyzed the subcellular localization of several subunits of the exocyst, a tethering complex active during plant cytokinesis. We found that the exocyst complex subunit Sec6 but not the Sec3 or Sec5 subunits localized to microtubule overlap regions in advance of cell plate construction in moss. Moreover, Sec6 exhibited a conserved physical interaction with an ortholog of the Sec1/Munc18 protein KEULE, an important regulator for cell-plate membrane vesicle fusion in Arabidopsis Recruitment of the P. patens protein KEULE and vesicles to the early cell plate was delayed upon Sec6 gene silencing. Our findings, thus, suggest that vesicle-vesicle fusion is, in part, enabled by a pool of exocyst subunits at microtubule overlaps, which is recruited independently of vesicle delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Tang
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen de Keijzer
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elysa J R Overdijk
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Els Sweep
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Steentjes
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joop E M Vermeer
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zurich, 8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcel E Janson
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tijs Ketelaar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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16
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Smertenko A. Phragmoplast expansion: the four-stroke engine that powers plant cytokinesis. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 46:130-137. [PMID: 30072118 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The phragmoplast is a plant-specific secretory module that partitions daughter cells during cytokinesis by constructing a cell plate from membranes and oligosaccharides. The cell plate is typically a long structure, which requires the phragmoplast to expand to complete cytokinesis. The phragmoplast expands by coordinating microtubule dynamics with membrane trafficking. Each step in phragmoplast expansion involves the establishment of anti-parallel microtubule overlaps that are enriched with the protein MAP65, which recruits cytokinetic vesicles through interaction with the tethering factor, TRAPPII. Cell plate assembly triggers dissolution of the anti-parallel overlaps and stabilization of microtubule plus ends through association with the cell plate assembly machinery. This opinion article discusses processes that drive phragmoplast expansion as well as highlights key questions that remain for better understanding its role in plant cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Smertenko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, College of Human, Agricultural, and Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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17
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Rosquete MR, Drakakaki G. Plant TGN in the stress response: a compartmentalized overview. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 46:122-129. [PMID: 30316189 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The cellular responses to abiotic and biotic stress rely on the regulation of vesicle trafficking to ensure the correct localization of proteins specialized in sensing stress stimuli and effecting the response. Several studies have implicated the plant trans-Golgi network (TGN)-mediated trafficking in different types of biotic and abiotic stress responses; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Further, the identity, specialization and stress-relevant cargo transported by the TGN subcompartments involved in stress responses await more in depth characterization. This review presents TGN trafficking players implicated in stress and discusses potential avenues to understand the role of this dynamic network under such extreme circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Ruiz Rosquete
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
| | - Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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18
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Ravikumar R, Kalbfuß N, Gendre D, Steiner A, Altmann M, Altmann S, Rybak K, Edelmann H, Stephan F, Lampe M, Facher E, Wanner G, Falter-Braun P, Bhalerao RP, Assaad FF. Independent yet overlapping pathways ensure the robustness and responsiveness of trans-Golgi network functions in Arabidopsis. Development 2018; 145:145/21/dev169201. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.169201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The trans-Golgi-network (TGN) has essential housekeeping functions in secretion, endocytosis and protein sorting, but also more specialized functions in plant development. How the robustness of basal TGN function is ensured while specialized functions are differentially regulated is poorly understood. Here, we investigate two key regulators of TGN structure and function, ECHIDNA and the Transport Protein Particle II (TRAPPII) tethering complex. An analysis of physical, network and genetic interactions suggests that two network communities are implicated in TGN function and that ECHIDNA and TRAPPII belong to distinct yet overlapping pathways. Whereas ECHIDNA and TRAPPII colocalized at the TGN in interphase cells, their localization diverged in dividing cells. Moreover, ECHIDNA and TRAPPII localization patterns were mutually independent. TGN structure, endocytosis and sorting decisions were differentially impacted in echidna and trappii mutants. Our analyses point to a partitioning of specialized TGN functions, with ECHIDNA being required for cell elongation and TRAPPII for cytokinesis. Two independent pathways able to compensate for each other might contribute to the robustness of TGN housekeeping functions and to the responsiveness and fine tuning of its specialized functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raksha Ravikumar
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Nils Kalbfuß
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Delphine Gendre
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Melina Altmann
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Altmann
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Rybak
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Holger Edelmann
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Friederike Stephan
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Marko Lampe
- Advanced Light Microscopy Facility, EMBL Heidelberg, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva Facher
- Systematic Botany and Mycology, Faculty of Biology, Dept. I Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 80638 Munich, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wanner
- Faculty of Biology, Dept. I, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Pascal Falter-Braun
- Institute of Network Biology (INET), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH), 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, Microbe-Host-Interactions, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU) München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Rishikesh P. Bhalerao
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, S-901 83 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Farhah F. Assaad
- Plant Science Department, Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany
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19
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Mbimba T, Hussein NJ, Najeed A, Safadi FF. TRAPPC9: Novel insights into its trafficking and signaling pathways in health and disease (Review). Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2991-2997. [PMID: 30272317 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Trafficking protein particle complex 9 (TRAPPC9) is a protein subunit of the transport protein particle II (TRAPPII), which has been reported to be important in the trafficking of cargo from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, and in intra‑Golgi and endosome‑to‑Golgi transport in yeast cells. In mammalian cells, TRAPPII has been shown to be important in Golgi vesicle tethering and intra‑Golgi transport. TRAPPC9 is considered to be a novel molecule capable of modulating the activation of nuclear factor‑κB (NF‑κB). Mutations in TRAPPC9 have been linked to a rare consanguineous hereditary form of mental retardation, as part of the NF‑κB pathways. In addition, TRAPPC9 has been reported to be involved in breast and colon cancer and liver diseases. The present review highlights the most recent publications on the structure, expression and function of TRAPPC9, and its association with various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Mbimba
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Nazar J Hussein
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Ayesha Najeed
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Fayez F Safadi
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
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20
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Zhang J, Chen J, Wang L, Zhao S, Li J, Liu B, Li H, Qi X, Zheng H, Lu M. AtBET5 is essential for exine pattern formation and apical meristem organization in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 274:231-241. [PMID: 30080609 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BET5 is a component of trafficking protein particle (TRAPP) which has been studied extensively in non-plant organisms where they are involved in membrane trafficking within Golgi and between Golgi and early endosomes. Recent analysis of TRAPP in different classes of organisms indicates that TRAPP function might exhibit differences among organisms. A single copy of the BET5 gene named AtBET5 was found in the Arabidopsis genome based on sequence similarity. Developmental phenotype and the underlying mechanisms have been characterized upon transcriptional knock-down lines generated by both T-DNA insertion and RNAi. Pollen grains of the T-DNA insertional line present reduced fertility and pilate exine instead of tectate exine. Perturbation of the AtBET5 expression by RNAi leads to apical meristematic organization defects and reduced fertility as well. The reduced fertility was due to the pollination barrier caused by an altered composition and structure of pollen walls. Auxin response in root tip cells is altered and there is a severe disruption in polar localization of PIN1-GFP, but to a less extent of PIN2-GFP in the root tips, which causes the apical meristematic organization defects and might also be responsible for the secretion of sporopollenin precursor or polar targeting of sporopollenin precursor transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China; Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Lijuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Shutang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Jianbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Bobin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Hongying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China
| | - Xingyun Qi
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Huanquan Zheng
- Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, QC, H3A 1B1, Canada.
| | - Mengzhu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100 091, China.
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21
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Chen HW, Persson S, Grebe M, McFarlane HE. Cellulose synthesis during cell plate assembly. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2018; 164:17-26. [PMID: 29418000 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The plant cell wall surrounds and protects the cells. To divide, plant cells must synthesize a new cell wall to separate the two daughter cells. The cell plate is a transient polysaccharide-based compartment that grows between daughter cells and gives rise to the new cell wall. Cellulose constitutes a key component of the cell wall, and mutants with defects in cellulose synthesis commonly share phenotypes with cytokinesis-defective mutants. However, despite the importance of cellulose in the cell plate and the daughter cell wall, many open questions remain regarding the timing and regulation of cellulose synthesis during cell division. These questions represent a critical gap in our knowledge of cell plate assembly, cell division and growth. Here, we review what is known about cellulose synthesis at the cell plate and in the newly formed cross-wall and pose key questions about the molecular mechanisms that govern these processes. We further provide an outlook discussing outstanding questions and possible future directions for this field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Wen Chen
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Plant Physiology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Staffan Persson
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Markus Grebe
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, Plant Physiology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Heather E McFarlane
- School of Biosciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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22
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Ravikumar R, Steiner A, Assaad FF. Multisubunit tethering complexes in higher plants. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 40:97-105. [PMID: 28889036 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Tethering complexes mediate the initial, specific contact between donor and acceptor membranes. This review focuses on the modularity and function of multisubunit tethering complexes (MTCs) in higher plants. One emphasis is on molecular interactions of plant MTCs. Here, a number of insights have been gained concerning interactions between different tethering complexes, and between tethers and microtubule-associated proteins. The roles of tethering complexes in abiotic stress responses appear indirect, but in the context of biotic stress responses it has been suggested that some tethers are direct targets of pathogen effectors or virulence factors. In light of the central roles tethering complexes play in plant development, an emerging concept is that tethers may be co-opted for plant adaptive responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Farhah F Assaad
- Botany, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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23
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Mayers JR, Hu T, Wang C, Cárdenas JJ, Tan Y, Pan J, Bednarek SY. SCD1 and SCD2 Form a Complex That Functions with the Exocyst and RabE1 in Exocytosis and Cytokinesis. THE PLANT CELL 2017; 29:2610-2625. [PMID: 28970336 PMCID: PMC5774579 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.17.00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Although exocytosis is critical for the proper trafficking of materials to the plasma membrane, relatively little is known about the mechanistic details of post-Golgi trafficking in plants. Here, we demonstrate that the DENN (Differentially Expressed in Normal and Neoplastic cells) domain protein STOMATAL CYTOKINESIS DEFECTIVE1 (SCD1) and SCD2 form a previously unknown protein complex, the SCD complex, that functionally interacts with subunits of the exocyst complex and the RabE1 family of GTPases in Arabidopsis thaliana Consistent with a role in post-Golgi trafficking, scd1 and scd2 mutants display defects in exocytosis and recycling of PIN2-GFP. Perturbation of exocytosis using the small molecule Endosidin2 results in growth inhibition and PIN2-GFP trafficking defects in scd1 and scd2 mutants. In addition to the exocyst, the SCD complex binds in a nucleotide state-specific manner with Sec4p/Rab8-related RabE1 GTPases and overexpression of wild-type RabE1 rescues scd1 temperature-sensitive mutants. Furthermore, SCD1 colocalizes with the exocyst subunit, SEC15B, and RabE1 at the cell plate and in distinct punctae at or near the plasma membrane. Our findings reveal a mechanism for plant exocytosis, through the identification and characterization of a protein interaction network that includes the SCD complex, RabE1, and the exocyst.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tianwei Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jessica J Cárdenas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Yuqi Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Jianwei Pan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Sebastian Y Bednarek
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
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24
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van Oostende-Triplet C, Guillet D, Triplet T, Pandzic E, Wiseman PW, Geitmann A. Vesicle Dynamics during Plant Cell Cytokinesis Reveals Distinct Developmental Phases. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 174:1544-1558. [PMID: 28473635 PMCID: PMC5490904 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.00343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cell division in plant cells requires the deposition of a new cell wall between the two daughter cells. The assembly of this plate requires the coordinated movement of cargo vesicles whose size is below the diffraction-limited resolution of the optical microscope. We combined high spatial and temporal resolution confocal laser scanning microscopy with advanced image-processing tools and fluorescence fluctuation methods and distinguished three distinct phases during cell plate expansion in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) 'Bright Yellow-2' cells: massive delivery of preexisting vesicles to a disk-shaped region at the equatorial plane precedes a primary rapid expansion phase followed by a secondary, slow expansion phase during which the extremity of the circular plate seeks contact with the mother wall and brings about the separation of the two portions of cytoplasm. Different effects of pharmacological inhibition emphasize the distinct nature of the assembly and expansion mechanisms characterizing these phases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique Guillet
- Departments of Physics and Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - Thomas Triplet
- Department of Computer Engineering, Polytechnique Montreal, Montreal, Quebec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Elvis Pandzic
- Biomedical Imaging Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, Lowy Cancer Research Centre C25, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Paul W Wiseman
- Departments of Physics and Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada
| | - Anja Geitmann
- Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H1X 2B2, Canada
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec H9X 3V9, Canada
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25
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Vukašinović N, Žárský V. Tethering Complexes in the Arabidopsis Endomembrane System. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:46. [PMID: 27243010 PMCID: PMC4871884 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting of endomembrane transport containers is of the utmost importance for proper land plant growth and development. Given the immobility of plant cells, localized membrane vesicle secretion and recycling are amongst the main processes guiding proper cell, tissue and whole plant morphogenesis. Cell wall biogenesis and modification are dependent on vectorial membrane traffic, not only during normal development, but also in stress responses and in plant defense against pathogens and/or symbiosis. It is surprising how little we know about these processes in plants, from small GTPase regulation to the tethering complexes that act as their effectors. Tethering factors are single proteins or protein complexes mediating first contact between the target membrane and arriving membrane vesicles. In this review we focus on the tethering complexes of the best-studied plant model—Arabidopsis thaliana. Genome-based predictions indicate the presence of all major tethering complexes in plants that are known from a hypothetical last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA). The evolutionary multiplication of paralogs of plant tethering complex subunits has produced the massively expanded EXO70 family, indicating a subfunctionalization of the terminal exocytosis machinery in land plants. Interpretation of loss of function (LOF) mutant phenotypes has to consider that related, yet clearly functionally-specific complexes often share some common core subunits. It is therefore impossible to conclude with clarity which version of the complex is responsible for the phenotypic deviations observed. Experimental interest in the analysis of plant tethering complexes is growing and we hope to contribute with this review by attracting even more attention to this fascinating field of plant cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nemanja Vukašinović
- Laboratory of Cell Morphogenesis, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Viktor Žárský
- Laboratory of Cell Morphogenesis, Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic
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26
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Steiner A, Müller L, Rybak K, Vodermaier V, Facher E, Thellmann M, Ravikumar R, Wanner G, Hauser MT, Assaad FF. The Membrane-Associated Sec1/Munc18 KEULE is Required for Phragmoplast Microtubule Reorganization During Cytokinesis in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2016; 9:528-540. [PMID: 26700031 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinesis, the partitioning of the cytoplasm following nuclear division, requires extensive coordination between membrane trafficking and cytoskeletal dynamics. In plants, the onset of cytokinesis is characterized by the assembly of a bipolar microtubule array, the phragmoplast, and of a transient membrane compartment, the cell plate. Little is known about the coordination between membrane deposition at the cell plate and the dynamics of phragmoplast microtubules. In this study, we monitor the localization dynamics of microtubule and membrane markers throughout cytokinesis. Our spatiotemporal resolution is consistent with the general view that microtubule dynamics drive membrane movements. Nonetheless, we provide evidence for active sorting at the cell plate and show that this is, at least in part, mediated by the TRAPPII tethering complex. We also characterize phragmoplast microtubule organization and cell plate formation in a suite of cytokinesis-defective mutants. Of four mutant lines with defects in phragmoplast microtubule organization, only mor1 microtubule-associated mutants exhibited aberrant cell plates. Conversely, the mutants with the strongest impairment in phragmoplast microtubule reorganization are keule alleles, which have a primary defect in membrane fusion. Our findings identify the SEC1/Munc18 protein KEULE as a central regulatory node in the coordination of membrane and microtubule dynamics during plant cytokinesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Steiner
- Botany Department, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Street 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Lin Müller
- Botany Department, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Street 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Rybak
- Botany Department, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Street 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Vera Vodermaier
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Facher
- Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Martha Thellmann
- Botany Department, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Street 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Raksha Ravikumar
- Botany Department, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Street 4, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Gerhard Wanner
- Department Biologie I, Ludwig-Maximillians Universität, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Marie-Theres Hauser
- Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Farhah F Assaad
- Botany Department, School of Life Sciences, Technische Universität München, Emil-Ramann-Street 4, 85354 Freising, Germany.
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27
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Kim JJ, Lipatova Z, Segev N. TRAPP Complexes in Secretion and Autophagy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:20. [PMID: 27066478 PMCID: PMC4811894 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
TRAPP is a highly conserved modular multi-subunit protein complex. Originally identified as a “transport protein particle” with a role in endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transport, its multiple subunits and their conservation from yeast to humans were characterized in the late 1990s. TRAPP attracted attention when it was shown to act as a Ypt/Rab GTPase nucleotide exchanger, GEF, in the 2000s. Currently, three TRAPP complexes are known in yeast, I, II, and III, and they regulate two different intracellular trafficking pathways: secretion and autophagy. Core TRAPP contains four small subunits that self assemble to a stable complex, which has a GEF activity on Ypt1. Another small subunit, Trs20/Sedlin, is an adaptor required for the association of core TRAPP with larger subunits to form TRAPP II and TRAPP III. Whereas the molecular structure of the core TRAPP complex is resolved, the architecture of the larger TRAPP complexes, including their existence as dimers and multimers, is less clear. In addition to its Ypt/Rab GEF activity, and thereby an indirect role in vesicle tethering through Ypt/Rabs, a direct role for TRAPP as a vesicle tether has been suggested. This idea is based on TRAPP interactions with vesicle coat components. While much of the basic information about TRAPP complexes comes from yeast, mutations in TRAPP subunits were connected to human disease. In this review we will summarize new information about TRAPP complexes, highlight new insights about their function and discuss current controversies and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane J Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhanna Lipatova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nava Segev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL, USA
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28
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Gillmor CS, Roeder AHK, Sieber P, Somerville C, Lukowitz W. A Genetic Screen for Mutations Affecting Cell Division in the Arabidopsis thaliana Embryo Identifies Seven Loci Required for Cytokinesis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146492. [PMID: 26745275 PMCID: PMC4712874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis in plants involves the formation of unique cellular structures such as the phragmoplast and the cell plate, both of which are required to divide the cell after nuclear division. In order to isolate genes that are involved in de novo cell wall formation, we performed a large-scale, microscope-based screen for Arabidopsis mutants that severely impair cytokinesis in the embryo. We recovered 35 mutations that form abnormally enlarged cells with multiple, often polyploid nuclei and incomplete cell walls. These mutants represent seven genes, four of which have previously been implicated in phragmoplast or cell plate function. Mutations in two loci show strongly reduced transmission through the haploid gametophytic generation. Molecular cloning of both corresponding genes reveals that one is represented by hypomorphic alleles of the kinesin-5 gene RADIALLY SWOLLEN 7 (homologous to tobacco kinesin-related protein TKRP125), and that the other gene corresponds to the Arabidopsis FUSED ortholog TWO-IN-ONE (originally identified based on its function in pollen development). No mutations that completely abolish the formation of cross walls in diploid cells were found. Our results support the idea that cytokinesis in the diploid and haploid generations involve similar mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Stewart Gillmor
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, California, 94305, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, United States of America
| | - Adrienne H. K. Roeder
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, California, 94305, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, United States of America
| | - Patrick Sieber
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, California, 94305, United States of America
| | - Chris Somerville
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, California, 94305, United States of America
- Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, United States of America
| | - Wolfgang Lukowitz
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution, Stanford, California, 94305, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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29
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Boruc J, Van Damme D. Endomembrane trafficking overarching cell plate formation. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 28:92-8. [PMID: 26485667 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
By contrast to other eukaryotic kingdoms, plant cytokinesis is an inside-out process. A coordinated action of cytoskeletal transitions and endomembrane trafficking events builds a novel membrane compartment, the cell plate. Deposition of cell wall polymers transforms the lumen of this membrane compartment into a new cross wall, physically separating the daughter cells. The characterization of tethering complexes acting at discrete phases during cell plate formation and upstream of vesicle fusion events, the presence of modulators directing secretion and recycling during cytokinesis, as well as the identification and temporal recruitment of the endocytic machinery, provides a starting point to dissect the transitions in endomembrane trafficking which shape this process. This review aims to integrate recent findings on endomembrane trafficking events which spatio-temporally act to construct the cell plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Boruc
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Daniel Van Damme
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium; Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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30
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Plant cytokinesis-No ring, no constriction but centrifugal construction of the partitioning membrane. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 53:10-8. [PMID: 26529278 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a unique way of partitioning the cytoplasm of dividing cells: Instead of forming a contractile ring that constricts the plasma membrane, plant cells target membrane vesicles to the plane of division where the vesicles fuse with one another to form the partitioning membrane. Plant cytokinesis starts in the centre and progresses towards the periphery, culminating in the fusion of the partitioning membrane with the parental plasma membrane. This membrane dynamics is orchestrated by a specific cytoskeletal array named phragmoplast that originates from interzone spindle remnants. Here we review the properties of the process as well as molecules that play specific roles in that process.
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31
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Abstract
Subcellular flavonoid transport and its underlying regulatory mechanisms are still poorly understood, but are fascinating research frontiers in plant science. Recent studies support and further extend previous hypotheses indicating that vacuolar sequestration of flavonoids involves vesicle trafficking, membrane transporters, and glutathione S-transferase (GST). However, the question remains to be addressed of how three distinct but nonexclusive mechanisms are functionally integrated into diverse but redundant transport routes for vacuolar sequestration or extracellular secretion of flavonoids. In this review, I highlight recent progress in understanding flavonoid-transporting vesicle behavior and properties, GST and membrane transporter functions and mechanisms, and flavonoid transport substrate specificity and preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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32
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Drakakaki G. Polysaccharide deposition during cytokinesis: Challenges and future perspectives. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 236:177-84. [PMID: 26025531 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
De novo formation of a new cell wall partitions the cytoplasm of the dividing cell during plant cytokinesis. The development of the cell plate, a transient sheet-like structure, requires the accumulation of vesicles directed by the phragmoplast to the cell plate assembly matrix. Fusion and fission of the accumulated vesicles are accompanied by the deposition of polysaccharides and cell wall structural proteins; together, they are leading to the stabilization of the formed structure which after insertion into the parental wall lead to the maturation of the nascent cross wall. Callose is the most abundant polysaccharide during cell plate formation and during maturation is gradually replaced by cellulose. Matrix polysaccharides such as hemicellulose, and pectins presumably are present throughout all developmental stages, being delivered to the cell plate by secretory vesicles. The availability of novel chemical probes such as endosidin 7, which inhibits callose formation at the cell plate, has proved useful for dissecting the temporal accumulation of vesicles at the cell plate and establishing the critical role of callose during cytokinesis. The use of emerging approaches such as chemical genomics combined with live cell imaging; novel techniques of polysaccharide detection including tagged polysaccharide substrates, newly characterized polysaccharide antibodies and vesicle proteomics can be used to develop a comprehensive model of cell plate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
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33
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Heard W, Sklenář J, Tomé DFA, Robatzek S, Jones AME. Identification of Regulatory and Cargo Proteins of Endosomal and Secretory Pathways in Arabidopsis thaliana by Proteomic Dissection. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:1796-813. [PMID: 25900983 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.050286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell's endomembranes comprise an intricate, highly dynamic and well-organized system. In plants, the proteins that regulate function of the various endomembrane compartments and their cargo remain largely unknown. Our aim was to dissect subcellular trafficking routes by enriching for partially overlapping subpopulations of endosomal proteomes associated with endomembrane markers. We selected RABD2a/ARA5, RABF2b/ARA7, RABF1/ARA6, and RABG3f as markers for combinations of the Golgi, trans-Golgi network (TGN), early endosomes (EE), secretory vesicles, late endosomes (LE), multivesicular bodies (MVB), and the tonoplast. As comparisons we used Golgi transport 1 (GOT1), which localizes to the Golgi, clathrin light chain 2 (CLC2) labeling clathrin-coated vesicles and pits and the vesicle-associated membrane protein 711 (VAMP711) present at the tonoplast. We developed an easy-to-use method by refining published protocols based on affinity purification of fluorescent fusion constructs to these seven subcellular marker proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. We present a total of 433 proteins, only five of which were shared among all enrichments, while many proteins were common between endomembrane compartments of the same trafficking route. Approximately half, 251 proteins, were assigned to one enrichment only. Our dataset contains known regulators of endosome functions including small GTPases, SNAREs, and tethering complexes. We identify known cargo proteins such as PIN3, PEN3, CESA, and the recently defined TPLATE complex. The subcellular localization of two GTPase regulators predicted from our enrichments was validated using live-cell imaging. This is the first proteomic dataset to discriminate between such highly overlapping endomembrane compartments in plants and can be used as a general proteomic resource to predict the localization of proteins and identify the components of regulatory complexes and provides a useful tool for the identification of new protein markers of the endomembrane system.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Heard
- From the ‡The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Jan Sklenář
- From the ‡The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Daniel F A Tomé
- §The School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Silke Robatzek
- From the ‡The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Alexandra M E Jones
- From the ‡The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK; §The School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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34
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Plant cytokinesis is orchestrated by the sequential action of the TRAPPII and exocyst tethering complexes. Dev Cell 2014; 29:607-620. [PMID: 24882377 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2014.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant cytokinesis is initiated in a transient membrane compartment, the cell plate, and completed by a process of maturation during which the cell plate becomes a cross wall. How the transition from juvenile to adult stages occurs is poorly understood. In this study, we monitor the Arabidopsis transport protein particle II (TRAPPII) and exocyst tethering complexes throughout cytokinesis. We show that their appearance is predominantly sequential, with brief overlap at the onset and end of cytokinesis. The TRAPPII complex is required for cell plate biogenesis, and the exocyst is required for cell plate maturation. The TRAPPII complex sorts plasma membrane proteins, including exocyst subunits, at the cell plate throughout cytokinesis. We show that the two tethering complexes physically interact and propose that their coordinated action may orchestrate not only plant but also animal cytokinesis.
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35
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Paul P, Simm S, Mirus O, Scharf KD, Fragkostefanakis S, Schleiff E. The complexity of vesicle transport factors in plants examined by orthology search. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97745. [PMID: 24844592 PMCID: PMC4028247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicle transport is a central process to ensure protein and lipid distribution in eukaryotic cells. The current knowledge on the molecular components and mechanisms of this process is majorly based on studies in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana, which revealed 240 different proteinaceous factors either experimentally proven or predicted to be involved in vesicle transport. In here, we performed an orthologue search using two different algorithms to identify the components of the secretory pathway in yeast and 14 plant genomes by using the 'core-set' of 240 factors as bait. We identified 4021 orthologues and (co-)orthologues in the discussed plant species accounting for components of COP-II, COP-I, Clathrin Coated Vesicles, Retromers and ESCRTs, Rab GTPases, Tethering factors and SNAREs. In plants, we observed a significantly higher number of (co-)orthologues than yeast, while only 8 tethering factors from yeast seem to be absent in the analyzed plant genomes. To link the identified (co-)orthologues to vesicle transport, the domain architecture of the proteins from yeast, genetic model plant A. thaliana and agriculturally relevant crop Solanum lycopersicum has been inspected. For the orthologous groups containing (co-)orthologues from yeast, A. thaliana and S. lycopersicum, we observed the same domain architecture for 79% (416/527) of the (co-)orthologues, which documents a very high conservation of this process. Further, publically available tissue-specific expression profiles for a subset of (co-)orthologues found in A. thaliana and S. lycopersicum suggest that some (co-)orthologues are involved in tissue-specific functions. Inspection of localization of the (co-)orthologues based on available proteome data or localization predictions lead to the assignment of plastid- as well as mitochondrial localized (co-)orthologues of vesicle transport factors and the relevance of this is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Paul
- Department of Biosciences Molecular Cell Biology of Plants
| | - Stefan Simm
- Department of Biosciences Molecular Cell Biology of Plants
| | - Oliver Mirus
- Department of Biosciences Molecular Cell Biology of Plants
| | | | | | - Enrico Schleiff
- Department of Biosciences Molecular Cell Biology of Plants
- Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt
- Center of Membrane Proteomics; Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- * E-mail:
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36
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McFarlane HE, Watanabe Y, Yang W, Huang Y, Ohlrogge J, Samuels AL. Golgi- and trans-Golgi network-mediated vesicle trafficking is required for wax secretion from epidermal cells. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 164:1250-60. [PMID: 24468625 PMCID: PMC3938617 DOI: 10.1104/pp.113.234583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Lipid secretion from epidermal cells to the plant surface is essential to create the protective plant cuticle. Cuticular waxes are unusual secretory products, consisting of a variety of highly hydrophobic compounds including saturated very-long-chain alkanes, ketones, and alcohols. These compounds are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) but must be trafficked to the plasma membrane for export by ATP-binding cassette transporters. To test the hypothesis that wax components are trafficked via the endomembrane system and packaged in Golgi-derived secretory vesicles, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) stem wax secretion was assayed in a series of vesicle-trafficking mutants, including gnom like1-1 (gnl1-1), transport particle protein subunit120-4, and echidna (ech). Wax secretion was dependent upon GNL1 and ECH. Independent of secretion phenotypes, mutants with altered ER morphology also had decreased wax biosynthesis phenotypes, implying that the biosynthetic capacity of the ER is closely related to its structure. These results provide genetic evidence that wax export requires GNL1- and ECH-dependent endomembrane vesicle trafficking to deliver cargo to plasma membrane-localized ATP-binding cassette transporters.
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37
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Groen AJ, Sancho-Andrés G, Breckels LM, Gatto L, Aniento F, Lilley KS. Identification of trans-golgi network proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana root tissue. J Proteome Res 2014; 13:763-76. [PMID: 24344820 PMCID: PMC3929368 DOI: 10.1021/pr4008464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
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Knowledge of protein
subcellular localization assists in the elucidation
of protein function and understanding of different biological mechanisms
that occur at discrete subcellular niches. Organelle-centric proteomics
enables localization of thousands of proteins simultaneously. Although
such techniques have successfully allowed organelle protein catalogues
to be achieved, they rely on the purification or significant enrichment
of the organelle of interest, which is not achievable for many organelles.
Incomplete separation of organelles leads to false discoveries, with
erroneous assignments. Proteomics methods that measure the distribution
patterns of specific organelle markers along density gradients are
able to assign proteins of unknown localization based on comigration
with known organelle markers, without the need for organelle purification.
These methods are greatly enhanced when coupled to sophisticated computational
tools. Here we apply and compare multiple approaches to establish
a high-confidence data set of Arabidopsis root tissue
trans-Golgi network (TGN) proteins. The method employed involves immunoisolations
of the TGN, coupled to probability-based organelle proteomics techniques.
Specifically, the technique known as LOPIT (localization of organelle
protein by isotope tagging), couples density centrifugation with quantitative
mass-spectometry-based proteomics using isobaric labeling and targeted
methods with semisupervised machine learning methods. We demonstrate
that while the immunoisolation method gives rise to a significant
data set, the approach is unable to distinguish cargo proteins and
persistent contaminants from full-time residents of the TGN. The LOPIT
approach, however, returns information about many subcellular niches
simultaneously and the steady-state location of proteins. Importantly,
therefore, it is able to dissect proteins present in more than one
organelle and cargo proteins en route to other cellular destinations
from proteins whose steady-state location favors the TGN. Using this
approach, we present a robust list of Arabidopsis TGN proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnoud J Groen
- Cambridge Centre for Proteomics, Cambridge Systems Biology Centre, Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge , 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
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Karim S, Aronsson H. The puzzle of chloroplast vesicle transport - involvement of GTPases. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:472. [PMID: 25295043 PMCID: PMC4171996 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In the cytosol of plant cells vesicle transport occurs via secretory pathways among the endoplasmic reticulum network, Golgi bodies, secretory granules, endosome, and plasma membrane. Three systems transfer lipids, proteins and other important molecules through aqueous spaces to membrane-enclosed compartments, via vesicles that bud from donor membranes, being coated and uncoated before tethered and fused with acceptor membranes. In addition, molecular, biochemical and ultrastructural evidence indicates presence of a vesicle transport system in chloroplasts. Little is known about the protein components of this system. However, as chloroplasts harbor the photosynthetic apparatus that ultimately supports most organisms on the planet, close attention to their pathways is warranted. This may also reveal novel diversification and/or distinct solutions to the problems posed by the targeted intra-cellular trafficking of important molecules. To date two homologs to well-known yeast cytosolic vesicle transport proteins, CPSAR1 and CPRabA5e (CP, chloroplast localized), have been shown to have roles in chloroplast vesicle transport, both being GTPases. Bioinformatic data indicate that several homologs of cytosolic vesicle transport system components are putatively chloroplast-localized and in addition other proteins have been implicated to participate in chloroplast vesicle transport, including vesicle-inducing protein in plastids 1, thylakoid formation 1, snowy cotyledon 2/cotyledon chloroplast biogenesis factor, curvature thylakoid 1 proteins, and a dynamin like GTPase FZO-like protein. Several putative potential cargo proteins have also been identified, including building blocks of the photosynthetic apparatus. Here we discuss details of the largely unknown putative chloroplast vesicle transport system, focusing on GTPase-related components.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrik Aronsson
- *Correspondence: Henrik Aronsson, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden e-mail:
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Li L, Shimada T, Takahashi H, Koumoto Y, Shirakawa M, Takagi J, Zhao X, Tu B, Jin H, Shen Z, Han B, Jia M, Kondo M, Nishimura M, Hara-Nishimura I. MAG2 and three MAG2-INTERACTING PROTEINs form an ER-localized complex to facilitate storage protein transport in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 76:781-91. [PMID: 24118572 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, MAIGO 2 (MAG2) is involved in protein transport between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the Golgi apparatus via its association with the ER-localized t-SNARE components SYP81/AtUfe1 and SEC20. To characterize the molecular machinery of MAG2-mediated protein transport, we explored MAG2-interacting proteins using transgenic A. thaliana plants expressing TAP-tagged MAG2. We identified three proteins, which were designated as MAG2-INTERACTING PROTEIN 1-3 [MIP1 (At2g32900), MIP2 (At5g24350) and MIP3 (At2g42700)]. Both MIP1 and MAG2 localized to the ER membrane. All of the mag2, mip1, mip2 and mip3 mutants exhibited a defect in storage protein maturation, and developed abnormal storage protein body (MAG body) structures in the ER of seed cells. These observations suggest that MIPs are closely associated with MAG2 and function in protein transport between the ER and Golgi apparatus. MIP1 and MIP2 contain a Zeste-White 10 (ZW10) domain and a Sec39 domain, respectively, but have low sequence identities (21% and 23%) with respective human orthologs. These results suggest that the plant MAG2-MIP1-MIP2 complex is a counterpart of the triple-subunit tethering complexes in yeast (Tip20p-Dsl1p-Sec39p) and humans (RINT1-ZW10-NAG). Surprisingly, the plant complex also contained a fourth member (MIP3) with a Sec1 domain. There have been no previous reports showing that a Sec1-containing protein is a subunit of ER-localized tethering complexes. Our results suggest that MAG2 and the three MIP proteins form a unique complex on the ER that is responsible for efficient transport of seed storage proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Li
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field (SAVER), Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China; Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan; College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
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Wu J, Tan X, Wu C, Cao K, Li Y, Bao Y. Regulation of cytokinesis by exocyst subunit SEC6 and KEULE in Arabidopsis thaliana. MOLECULAR PLANT 2013; 6:1863-76. [PMID: 23702595 DOI: 10.1093/mp/sst082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Proper vesicle tethering and membrane fusion at the cell plate are essential for cytokinesis. Both the vesicle tethering complex exocyst and membrane fusion regulator KEULE were shown to function in cell plate formation, but the exact mechanisms still remain to be explored. In this study, using yeast two-hybrid (Y-2-H) assay, we found that SEC6 interacted with KEULE, and that a small portion of C-terminal region of KEULE was required for the interaction. The direct SEC6-KEULE interaction was supported by further studies using in vitro pull-down assay, immunoprecipitation, and in vivo bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BIFC) microscopy. sec6 mutants were male gametophytic lethal as reported; however, pollen-rescued sec6 mutants (PRsec6) displayed cytokinesis defects in the embryonic cells and later in the leaf pavement cells and the guard cells. SEC6 and KEULE proteins were co-localized to the cell plate during cytokinesis in transgenic Arabidopsis. Furthermore, only SEC6 but not other exocyst subunits located in the cell plate interacted with KEULE in vitro. These results demonstrated that, like KEULE, SEC6 plays a physiological role in cytokinesis, and the SEC6-KEULE interaction may serve as a novel molecular linkage between arriving vesicles and membrane fusion machinery or directly regulate membrane fusion during cell plate formation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China
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McMichael CM, Reynolds GD, Koch LM, Wang C, Jiang N, Nadeau J, Sack FD, Gelderman MB, Pan J, Bednarek SY. Mediation of clathrin-dependent trafficking during cytokinesis and cell expansion by Arabidopsis stomatal cytokinesis defective proteins. THE PLANT CELL 2013; 25:3910-25. [PMID: 24179130 PMCID: PMC3877817 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.113.115162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal cytokinesis defective1 (SCD1) encodes a putative Rab guanine nucleotide exchange factor that functions in membrane trafficking and is required for cytokinesis and cell expansion in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we show that the loss of SCD2 function disrupts cytokinesis and cell expansion and impairs fertility, phenotypes similar to those observed for scd1 mutants. Genetic and biochemical analyses showed that SCD1 function is dependent upon SCD2 and that together these proteins are required for plasma membrane internalization. Further specifying the role of these proteins in membrane trafficking, SCD1 and SCD2 proteins were found to be associated with isolated clathrin-coated vesicles and to colocalize with clathrin light chain at putative sites of endocytosis at the plasma membrane. Together, these data suggest that SCD1 and SCD2 function in clathrin-mediated membrane transport, including plasma membrane endocytosis, required for cytokinesis and cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M. McMichael
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Gregory D. Reynolds
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Lisa M. Koch
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Jeanette Nadeau
- Department of Plant Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Fred D. Sack
- Department of Plant Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
- Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Max B. Gelderman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
| | - Jianwei Pan
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Zhejiang 321004, China
| | - Sebastian Y. Bednarek
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
- Address correspondence to
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McMichael CM, Bednarek SY. Cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics during higher plant cytokinesis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2013; 197:1039-1057. [PMID: 23343343 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Following mitosis, cytoplasm, organelles and genetic material are partitioned into daughter cells through the process of cytokinesis. In somatic cells of higher plants, two cytoskeletal arrays, the preprophase band and the phragmoplast, facilitate the positioning and de novo assembly of the plant-specific cytokinetic organelle, the cell plate, which develops across the division plane and fuses with the parental plasma membrane to yield distinct new cells. The coordination of cytoskeletal and membrane dynamics required to initiate, assemble and shape the cell plate as it grows toward the mother cell cortex is dependent upon a large array of proteins, including molecular motors, membrane tethering, fusion and restructuring factors and biosynthetic, structural and regulatory elements. This review focuses on the temporal and molecular requirements of cytokinesis in somatic cells of higher plants gleaned from recent studies using cell biology, genetics, pharmacology and biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen M McMichael
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Dr, Madison, WI, 53713, USA
| | - Sebastian Y Bednarek
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 433 Babcock Dr, Madison, WI, 53713, USA
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Motomura K, Le QT, Kumakura N, Fukaya T, Takeda A, Watanabe Y. The role of decapping proteins in the miRNA accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana. RNA Biol 2012; 9:644-52. [PMID: 22614834 DOI: 10.4161/rna.19877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Decapping 1 (DCP1), Decapping 2 (DCP2) and VARICOSE (VCS) are components of the decapping complex that removes the 7-methyl-guanosine 5'-diphosphate from the 5' end of mRNAs. In animals, the decapping proteins are involved in miRNA-mediated gene silencing, whereas in plants the roles of the decapping proteins in the miRNA pathway are not well understood. Here we demonstrated that the accumulation of miRNAs decreased in dcp1, dcp2 and vcs mutants, indicating that DCP1, DCP2 and VCS are important for the miRNA pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. The primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) did not increase and miRNA biogenesis components did not decrease in these mutants, suggesting that the miRNA decrease in decapping mutants is not due to the defect of pri-miRNA processing. We showed that the accumulation of miRNA targets increased concomitantly with the decrease of miRNA in the decapping mutants. Our results suggested that the seedling lethal phenotypes in the dcp1, dcp2 and vcs mutants are caused not only by the defect in decapping, but also by the disruption of miRNA-mediated gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Motomura
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Drakakaki G, van de Ven W, Pan S, Miao Y, Wang J, Keinath NF, Weatherly B, Jiang L, Schumacher K, Hicks G, Raikhel N. Isolation and proteomic analysis of the SYP61 compartment reveal its role in exocytic trafficking in Arabidopsis. Cell Res 2012; 22:413-24. [PMID: 21826108 PMCID: PMC3271593 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2011.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The endomembrane system is a complex and dynamic intracellular trafficking network. It is very challenging to track individual vesicles and their cargos in real time; however, affinity purification allows vesicles to be isolated in their natural state so that their constituent proteins can be identified. Pioneering this approach in plants, we isolated the SYP61 trans-Golgi network compartment and carried out a comprehensive proteomic analysis of its contents with only minimal interference from other organelles. The proteome of SYP61 revealed the association of proteins of unknown function that have previously not been ascribed to this compartment. We identified a complete SYP61 SNARE complex, including regulatory proteins and validated the proteome data by showing that several of these proteins associated with SYP61 in planta. We further identified the SYP121-complex and cellulose synthases, suggesting that SYP61 plays a role in the exocytic trafficking and the transport of cell wall components to the plasma membrane. The presence of proteins of unknown function in the SYP61 proteome including ECHIDNA offers the opportunity to identify novel trafficking components and cargos. The affinity purification of plant vesicles in their natural state provides a basis for further analysis and dissection of complex endomembrane networks. The approach is widely applicable and can afford the study of several vesicle populations in plants, which can be compared with the SYP61 vesicle proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Drakakaki
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, 4119C Genomics Building, University of California Riverside, CA 92521, USA
- Current address: Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Wilhelmina van de Ven
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, 4119C Genomics Building, University of California Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Songqin Pan
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, 4119C Genomics Building, University of California Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Yansong Miao
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Cell and Developmental Biology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Current address: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Junqi Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Cell and Developmental Biology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nana F Keinath
- Heidelberg Institute for Plant Science, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Brent Weatherly
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- NuSep Inc., Bogart, GA 30622, USA
| | - Liwen Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Cell and Developmental Biology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karin Schumacher
- Heidelberg Institute for Plant Science, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Glenn Hicks
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, 4119C Genomics Building, University of California Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Natasha Raikhel
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, 4119C Genomics Building, University of California Riverside, CA 92521, USA
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45
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Tang BL. Membrane Trafficking Components in Cytokinesis. Cell Physiol Biochem 2012; 30:1097-108. [DOI: 10.1159/000343301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Fujimoto M, Ueda T. Conserved and plant-unique mechanisms regulating plant post-Golgi traffic. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2012; 3:197. [PMID: 22973281 PMCID: PMC3428585 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2012.00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Membrane traffic plays crucial roles in diverse aspects of cellular and organelle functions in eukaryotic cells. Molecular machineries regulating each step of membrane traffic including the formation, tethering, and fusion of membrane carriers are largely conserved among various organisms, which suggests that the framework of membrane traffic is commonly shared among eukaryotic lineages. However, in addition to the common components, each organism has also acquired lineage-specific regulatory molecules that may be associated with the lineage-specific diversification of membrane trafficking events. In plants, comparative genomic analyses also indicate that some key machineries of membrane traffic are significantly and specifically diversified. In this review, we summarize recent progress regarding plant-unique regulatory mechanisms for membrane traffic, with a special focus on vesicle formation and fusion components in the post-Golgi trafficking pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Fujimoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ueda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of TokyoTokyo, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency, Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and TechnologyKawaguchi, Japan
- *Correspondence: Takashi Ueda, Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. e-mail:
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Qi X, Kaneda M, Chen J, Geitmann A, Zheng H. A specific role for Arabidopsis TRAPPII in post-Golgi trafficking that is crucial for cytokinesis and cell polarity. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 68:234-48. [PMID: 21689172 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2011.04681.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinesis and cell polarity are supported by membrane trafficking from the trans-Golgi network (TGN), but the molecular mechanisms that promote membrane trafficking from the TGN are poorly defined in plant cells. Here we show that TRAPPII in Arabidopsis regulates the post-Golgi trafficking that is crucial for assembly of the cell plate and cell polarity. Disruptions of AtTRS120 or AtTRS130, two genes encoding two key subunits of TRAPPII, result in defective cytokinesis and cell polarity in embryogenesis and seedling development. In attrs120 and attrs130, the organization and trafficking in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi interface are normal. However, post-Golgi trafficking to the cell plate and to the cell wall, but not to the vacuole, is impaired. Furthermore, TRAPPII is required for the selective transport of PIN2, but not PIN1, to the plasma membrane. We revealed that AtTRS130 is co-localized with RAB-A1c. Expression of constitutively active RAB-A1c partially rescues attrs130. RAB-A1c, which resides at the TGN, is delocalized to the cytosol in attrs130. We propose that TRAPPII in Arabidopsis acts upstream of Rab-A GTPases in post-Golgi membrane trafficking in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Qi
- Developmental Biology Research Initiatives, Department of Biology, McGill University, 1205 Dr Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
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48
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Neto H, Gould GW. The regulation of abscission by multi-protein complexes. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:3199-207. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.083949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The terminal stage of cytokinesis – a process termed abscission – is the severing of the thin intercellular bridge that connects the two daughter cells. Recent work provides new insight into the mechanism by which this microtubule-dense membrane bridge is resolved, and highlights important roles for multi-protein assemblies in different facets of abscission. These include the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT), which appears to have a decisive role in the final scission event, and vesicle tethering complexes, which potentially act at an earlier stage, and might serve to prepare the abscission site. Here, we review recent studies of the structure, function and regulation of these complexes as related to abscission. We focus largely on studies of cytokinesis in mammalian cells. However, cell division in other systems, such as plants and Archae, is also considered, reflecting the mechanistic conservation of membrane-scission processes during cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélia Neto
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory of Cell Biology, Davidson Building, Institute for Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Gwyn W. Gould
- Henry Wellcome Laboratory of Cell Biology, Davidson Building, Institute for Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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