1
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Liu C, Liu Q, Mou Z. Redox signaling and oxidative stress in systemic acquired resistance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4535-4548. [PMID: 38693779 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants fully depend on their immune systems to defend against pathogens. Upon pathogen attack, plants not only activate immune responses at the infection site but also trigger a defense mechanism known as systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in distal systemic tissues to prevent subsequent infections by a broad-spectrum of pathogens. SAR is induced by mobile signals produced at the infection site. Accumulating evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in SAR signaling. ROS burst at the infection site is one of the earliest cellular responses following pathogen infection and can spread to systemic tissues through membrane-associated NADPH oxidase-dependent relay production of ROS. It is well known that ROS ignite redox signaling and, when in excess, cause oxidative stress, damaging cellular components. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on redox regulation of several SAR signaling components. We discuss the ROS amplification loop in systemic tissues involving multiple SAR mobile signals. Moreover, we highlight the essential role of oxidative stress in generating SAR signals including azelaic acid and extracellular NAD(P) [eNAD(P)]. Finally, we propose that eNAD(P) is a damage-associated molecular pattern serving as a converging point of SAR mobile signals in systemic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Qingcai Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Zhonglin Mou
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, PO Box 110700, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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2
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López B, Izquierdo Y, Cascón T, Zamarreño ÁM, García-Mina JM, Pulido P, Castresana C. Mutant noxy8 exposes functional specificities between the chloroplast chaperones CLPC1 and CLPC2 in the response to organelle stress and plant defence. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2336-2350. [PMID: 38500380 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Chloroplast function is essential for growth, development, and plant adaptation to stress. Organelle stress and plant defence responses were examined here using noxy8 (nonresponding to oxylipins 8) from a series of Arabidopsis mutants. The noxy8 mutation was located at the CLPC2 gene, encoding a chloroplast chaperone of the protease complex CLP. Although its CLPC1 paralogue is considered to generate redundancy, our data reveal significant differences distinguishing CLPC2 and CLPC1 functions. As such, clpc1 mutants displayed a major defect in housekeeping chloroplast proteostasis, leading to a pronounced reduction in growth and pigment levels, enhanced accumulation of chloroplast and cytosol chaperones, and resistance to fosmidomycin. Conversely, clpc2 mutants showed severe susceptibility to lincomycin inhibition of chloroplast translation and resistance to Antimycin A inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. In the response to Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, clpc2 but not clpc1 mutants were resistant to bacterial infection, showing higher salicylic acid levels, defence gene expression and 9-LOX pathway activation. Our findings suggest CLPC2 and CLPC1 functional specificity, with a preferential involvement of CLPC1 in housekeeping processes and of CLPC2 in stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bran López
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yovanny Izquierdo
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Cascón
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel M Zamarreño
- Department of Environmental Biology, Bioma Institute, University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - José M García-Mina
- Department of Environmental Biology, Bioma Institute, University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain
| | - Pablo Pulido
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Castresana
- Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Khan K, Tran HC, Mansuroglu B, Önsell P, Buratti S, Schwarzländer M, Costa A, Rasmusson AG, Van Aken O. Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species are the likely primary trigger of mitochondrial retrograde signaling in Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 2024; 34:327-342.e4. [PMID: 38176418 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Besides their central function in respiration, plant mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis during stress by providing "retrograde" feedback to the nucleus. Despite the growing understanding of this signaling network, the nature of the signals that initiate mitochondrial retrograde regulation (MRR) in plants remains unknown. Here, we investigated the dynamics and causative relationship of a wide range of mitochondria-related parameters for MRR, using a combination of Arabidopsis fluorescent protein biosensor lines, in vitro assays, and genetic and pharmacological approaches. We show that previously linked physiological parameters, including changes in cytosolic ATP, NADH/NAD+ ratio, cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS), pH, free Ca2+, and mitochondrial membrane potential, may often be correlated with-but are not the primary drivers of-MRR induction in plants. However, we demonstrate that the induced production of mitochondrial ROS is the likely primary trigger for MRR induction in Arabidopsis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that mitochondrial ROS-mediated signaling uses the ER-localized ANAC017-pathway to induce MRR response. Finally, our data suggest that mitochondrially generated ROS can induce MRR without substantially leaking into other cellular compartments such as the cytosol or ER lumen, as previously proposed. Overall, our results offer compelling evidence that mitochondrial ROS elevation is the likely trigger of MRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasim Khan
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, Lund 223 62, Sweden
| | - Huy Cuong Tran
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, Lund 223 62, Sweden
| | - Berivan Mansuroglu
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, Lund 223 62, Sweden
| | - Pinar Önsell
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, Lund 223 62, Sweden
| | - Stefano Buratti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Plant Energy Biology Lab, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, 48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Alex Costa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via G. Celoria 26, Milan 20133, Italy; Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via G. Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Allan G Rasmusson
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, Lund 223 62, Sweden
| | - Olivier Van Aken
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Sölvegatan 35, Lund 223 62, Sweden.
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4
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Li R, Song M, Yin D, Ye X, Yu J, Chen X. Indole-3-acetic acid mediated removal of sludge toxicity by microalgae: Focus on the role of extracellular polymeric substances. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129700. [PMID: 37604255 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of indole-3-acid (IAA) as an additive aided in achieving the objectives of reducing sludge extract toxicity, increasing Tetradesmus obliquus biomass yield, and enhancing extracellular polysaccharide production. Proteomics analysis can unveil the microalgae's response mechanism to sludge toxicity stress. With 10-6 M IAA addition, microalgae biomass reached 3.426 ± 0.067 g/L. Sludge extract demonstrated 78.3 ± 3.2% total organic carbon removal and 72.2 ± 2.1% toxicity removal. Extracellular polysaccharides and proteins witnessed 2.08 and 1.76-fold increments, respectively. Proteomic analysis indicated that Tetradesmus obliquus directed carbon sources towards glycogen accumulation and amino acid synthesis, regulating pathways associated with carbon metabolism (glycolysis, TCA cycle, and amino acid metabolism) to adapt to the stressful environment. These findings lay the groundwork for future waste sludge treatment and offer novel insights into microalgae cultivation and extracellular polysaccharide enrichment in sludge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Meijing Song
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Danning Yin
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ye
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiayu Yu
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xiurong Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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5
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Zhang T, Peng JT, Klair A, Dickinson AJ. Non-canonical and developmental roles of the TCA cycle in plants. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 74:102382. [PMID: 37210789 PMCID: PMC10524895 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Over recent years, our understanding of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCAC) in living organisms has expanded beyond its canonical role in cellular energy production. In plants, TCAC metabolites and related enzymes have important roles in physiology, including vacuolar function, chelation of metals and nutrients, photorespiration, and redox regulation. Research in other organisms, including animals, has demonstrated unexpected functions of the TCAC metabolites in a number of biological processes, including signaling, epigenetic regulation, and cell differentiation. Here, we review the recent progress in discovery of non-canonical roles of the TCAC. We then discuss research on these metabolites in the context of plant development, with a focus on research related to tissue-specific functions of the TCAC. Additionally, we review research describing connections between TCAC metabolites and phytohormone signaling pathways. Overall, we discuss the opportunities and challenges in discovering new functions of TCAC metabolites in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jesus T Peng
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Amman Klair
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra J Dickinson
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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6
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Graska J, Fidler J, Gietler M, Prabucka B, Nykiel M, Labudda M. Nitric Oxide in Plant Functioning: Metabolism, Signaling, and Responses to Infestation with Ecdysozoa Parasites. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:927. [PMID: 37508359 PMCID: PMC10376146 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule that is involved in a wide range of physiological processes in plants, including responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Changes in endogenous NO concentration lead to activation/deactivation of NO signaling and NO-related processes. This paper presents the current state of knowledge on NO biosynthesis and scavenging pathways in plant cells and highlights the role of NO in post-translational modifications of proteins (S-nitrosylation, nitration, and phosphorylation) in plants under optimal and stressful environmental conditions. Particular attention was paid to the interactions of NO with other signaling molecules: reactive oxygen species, abscisic acid, auxins (e.g., indole-3-acetic acid), salicylic acid, and jasmonic acid. In addition, potential common patterns of NO-dependent defense responses against attack and feeding by parasitic and molting Ecdysozoa species such as nematodes, insects, and arachnids were characterized. Our review definitely highlights the need for further research on the involvement of NO in interactions between host plants and Ecdysozoa parasites, especially arachnids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Graska
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.F.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (M.N.)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mateusz Labudda
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (J.F.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (M.N.)
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7
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Le XH, Millar AH. The diversity of substrates for plant respiration and how to optimize their use. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 191:2133-2149. [PMID: 36573332 PMCID: PMC10069909 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant respiration is a foundational biological process with the potential to be optimized to improve crop yield. To understand and manipulate the outputs of respiration, the inputs of respiration-respiratory substrates-need to be probed in detail. Mitochondria house substrate catabolic pathways and respiratory machinery, so transport into and out of these organelles plays an important role in committing substrates to respiration. The large number of mitochondrial carriers and catabolic pathways that remain unidentified hinder this process and lead to confusion about the identity of direct and indirect respiratory substrates in plants. The sources and usage of respiratory substrates vary and are increasing found to be highly regulated based on cellular processes and environmental factors. This review covers the use of direct respiratory substrates following transport through mitochondrial carriers and catabolism under normal and stressed conditions. We suggest the introduction of enzymes not currently found in plant mitochondria to enable serine and acetate to be direct respiratory substrates in plants. We also compare respiratory substrates by assessing energetic yields, availability in cells, and their full or partial oxidation during cell catabolism. This information can assist in decisions to use synthetic biology approaches to alter the range of respiratory substrates in plants. As a result, respiration could be optimized by introducing, improving, or controlling specific mitochondrial transporters and mitochondrial catabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyen H Le
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth 6009, Australia
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8
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Zhu Y, Narsai R, He C, Wang Y, Berkowitz O, Whelan J, Liew LC. Coordinated regulation of the mitochondrial retrograde response by circadian clock regulators and ANAC017. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100501. [PMID: 36463409 PMCID: PMC9860193 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial retrograde signaling (MRS) supports photosynthetic function under a variety of conditions. Induction of mitochondrial dysfunction with myxothiazol (a specific inhibitor of the mitochondrial bc1 complex) or antimycin A (an inhibitor of the mitochondrial bc1 complex and cyclic electron transport in the chloroplast under light conditions) in the light and dark revealed diurnal control of MRS. This was evidenced by (1) significantly enhanced binding of ANAC017 to promoters in the light compared with the dark in Arabidopsis plants treated with myxothiazol (but not antimycin A), (2) overlap in the experimentally determined binding sites for ANAC017 and circadian clock regulators in the promoters of ANAC013 and AOX1a, (3) a diurnal expression pattern for ANAC017 and transcription factors it regulates, (4) altered expression of ANAC017-regulated genes in circadian clock mutants with and without myxothiazol treatment, and (5) a decrease in the magnitude of LHY and CCA1 expression in an ANAC017-overexpressing line and protein-protein interaction between ANAC017 and PIF4. This study also shows a large difference in transcriptome responses to antimycin A and myxothiazol in the dark: these responses are ANAC017 independent, observed in shoots and roots, similar to biotic challenge and salicylic acid responses, and involve ERF and ZAT transcription factors. This suggests that antimycin A treatment stimulates a second MRS pathway that is mediated or converges with salicylic acid signaling and provides a merging point with chloroplast retrograde signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiao Zhu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Reena Narsai
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Cunman He
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Lim Chee Liew
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
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9
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He C, Berkowitz O, Hu S, Zhao Y, Qian K, Shou H, Whelan J, Wang Y. Co-regulation of mitochondrial and chloroplast function: Molecular components and mechanisms. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100496. [PMID: 36435968 PMCID: PMC9860188 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic interdependence, interactions, and coordination of functions between chloroplasts and mitochondria are established and intensively studied. However, less is known about the regulatory components that control these interactions and their responses to external stimuli. Here, we outline how chloroplastic and mitochondrial activities are coordinated via common components involved in signal transduction pathways, gene regulatory events, and post-transcriptional processes. The endoplasmic reticulum emerges as a point of convergence for both transcriptional and post-transcriptional pathways that coordinate chloroplast and mitochondrial functions. Although the identification of molecular components and mechanisms of chloroplast and mitochondrial signaling increasingly suggests common players, this raises the question of how these allow for distinct organelle-specific downstream pathways. Outstanding questions with respect to the regulation of post-transcriptional pathways and the cell and/or tissue specificity of organelle signaling are crucial for understanding how these pathways are integrated at a whole-plant level to optimize plant growth and its response to changing environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunman He
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Shanshan Hu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhao
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Huixia Shou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, P.R. China
| | - James Whelan
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia; International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
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10
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Zhao R, Ren W, Wang H, Li Z, Teng Y, Luo Y. Nontargeted metabolomic analysis to unravel alleviation mechanisms of carbon nanotubes on inhibition of alfalfa growth under pyrene stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158405. [PMID: 36058326 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes have displayed great potential in enhancing phytoremediation of PAHs polluted soils. However, the response of plants to the coexistence of carbon nanotubes and PAHs and the associated influencing mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, the effect of carbon nanotubes on alfalfa growth and pyrene uptake under exposure to pyrene was evaluated through sand culture experiment and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC-TOF-MS) based metabolomics. Results showed that pyrene at 10 mg kg-1 obviously reduced the shoot fresh weight of alfalfa by 18.3 %. Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) at 25 and 50 mg kg-1 significantly enhanced the shoot fresh weight in a dose-dependent manner, nearly by 80 % at 50 mg kg-1. Pyrene was mainly accumulated in alfalfa roots, in which the concentration was 35 times as much as that in shoots. MWCNTs greatly enhanced the accumulation of pyrene in alfalfa roots, almost by two times at 50 mg kg-1, while decreased pyrene concentration in shoots, from 0.11 mg kg-1 to 0.044 mg kg-1 at MWCNTs concentration of 50 mg kg-1. Metabolomics data revealed that pyrene at 10 mg kg-1 trigged significant metabolic changes in alfalfa root exudates, downregulating 27 metabolites. MWCNTs generated an increase in the contents of some downregulated metabolites caused by pyrene stress, which were restored to the original level or even higher, mainly including organic acids and amino acids. MWNCTs significantly enriched some metabolic pathways positively correlated with shoot growth and pyrene accumulation in shoots under exposure to pyrene, including TCA cycle, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, cysteine and methione metabolism as well as alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism. This work highlights the regulation effect of MWCNTs on the metabolism of root exudates, which are helpful for alfalfa to alleviate the stress from pyrene contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wenjie Ren
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Huimin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhenxuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Ying Teng
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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11
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Butsanets PA, Shugaeva NA, Shugaev AG. Identification of Mitochondrial Alternative Oxidase Genes in Lupinus luteus and the Effect of Salicylic Acid on Their Expression. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022060048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Khan K, Van Aken O. The colonization of land was a likely driving force for the evolution of mitochondrial retrograde signalling in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:7182-7197. [PMID: 36055768 PMCID: PMC9675596 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Most retrograde signalling research in plants was performed using Arabidopsis, so an evolutionary perspective on mitochondrial retrograde regulation (MRR) is largely missing. Here, we used phylogenetics to track the evolutionary origins of factors involved in plant MRR. In all cases, the gene families can be traced to ancestral green algae or earlier. However, the specific subfamilies containing factors involved in plant MRR in many cases arose during the transition to land. NAC transcription factors with C-terminal transmembrane domains, as observed in the key regulator ANAC017, can first be observed in non-vascular mosses, and close homologs to ANAC017 can be found in seed plants. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are common to eukaryotes, but E-type CDKs that control MRR also diverged in conjunction with plant colonization of land. AtWRKY15 can be traced to the earliest land plants, while AtWRKY40 only arose in angiosperms and AtWRKY63 even more recently in Brassicaceae. Apetala 2 (AP2) transcription factors are traceable to algae, but the ABI4 type again only appeared in seed plants. This strongly suggests that the transition to land was a major driver for developing plant MRR pathways, while additional fine-tuning events have appeared in seed plants or later. Finally, we discuss how MRR may have contributed to meeting the specific challenges that early land plants faced during terrestrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasim Khan
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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13
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Ijaz S, Haq IU, Khan IA, Ali HM, Kaur S, Razzaq HA. Identification of resistance gene analogs of the NBS-LRR family through transcriptome probing and in silico prediction of the expressome of Dalbergia sissoo under dieback disease stress. Front Genet 2022; 13:1036029. [PMID: 36276980 PMCID: PMC9585183 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1036029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dalbergia sissoo is an important timber tree, and dieback disease poses a dire threat to it toward extinction. The genomic record of D. sissoo is not available yet on any database; that is why it is challenging to probe the genetic elements involved in stress resistance. Hence, we attempted to unlock the genetics involved in dieback resistance through probing the NBS-LRR family, linked with mostly disease resistance in plants. We analyzed the transcriptome of D. sissoo under dieback challenge through DOP-rtPCR analysis using degenerate primers from conserved regions of NBS domain-encoded gene sequences. The differentially expressed gene sequences were sequenced and in silico characterized for predicting the expressome that contributes resistance to D. sissoo against dieback. The molecular and bioinformatic analyses predicted the presence of motifs including ATP/GTP-binding site motif A (P-loop NTPase domain), GLPL domain, casein kinase II phosphorylation site, and N-myristoylation site that are the attributes of proteins encoded by disease resistance genes. The physicochemical characteristics of identified resistance gene analogs, subcellular localization, predicted protein fingerprints, in silico functional annotation, and predicted protein structure proved their role in disease and stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddra Ijaz
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Imran Ul Haq
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Imran Ul Haq,
| | - Iqrar Ahmad Khan
- Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sukhwinder Kaur
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Hafiza Arooj Razzaq
- Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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14
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Wang J, Xu G, Ning Y, Wang X, Wang GL. Mitochondrial functions in plant immunity. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:1063-1076. [PMID: 35659746 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are energy factories of cells and are important for intracellular interactions with other organelles. Emerging evidence indicates that mitochondria play essential roles in the response to pathogen infection. During infection, pathogens deliver numerous enzymes and effectors into host cells, and some of these effectors target mitochondria, altering mitochondrial morphology, metabolism, and functions. To defend against pathogen attack, mitochondria are actively involved in changing intracellular metabolism, hormone-mediated signaling, and signal transduction, producing reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species and triggering programmed cell death. Additionally, mitochondria coordinate with other organelles to integrate and amplify diverse immune signals. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding how mitochondria function in plant immunity and how pathogens target mitochondria for host defense suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guojuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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15
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Feng Y, Wang X, Du T, Shu Y, Tan F, Wang J. Effects of Exogenous Salicylic Acid Application to Aboveground Part on the Defense Responses in Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) and Non-Bt Corn (Zea mays L.) Seedlings. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11162162. [PMID: 36015465 PMCID: PMC9416209 DOI: 10.3390/plants11162162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) corn is one of the top three large-scale commercialized anti-insect transgenic crops around the world. In the present study, we tested the Bt protein content, defense chemicals contents, and defense enzyme activities in both the leaves and roots of Bt corn varieties 5422Bt1 and 5422CBCL, as well as their conventional corn 5422 seedlings, with two fully expanded leaves which had been treated with 2.5 mM exogenous salicylic acid (SA) to the aboveground part for 24 h. The result showed that the SA treatment to the aboveground part could significantly increase the polyphenol oxidase activity of conventional corn 5422, the Bt protein content, and peroxidase activities of Bt corn 5422Bt1, as well as the polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity of Bt corn 5422CBCL in the leaves. In the roots, the polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase activity of conventional corn 5422, the polyphenol oxidase and superoxide dismutase activities of Bt corn 5422Bt1, the DIMBOA (2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H, 1, 4-benzoxazin-3 (4H)-one) content, and four defense enzymes activities of Bt corn 5422CBCL were systematically increased. These findings suggest that the direct effect of SA application to aboveground part on the leaf defense responses in Bt corn 5422CBCL is stronger than that in non-Bt corn. Meanwhile, the systemic effect of SA on the root defense responses in Bt corn 5422CBCL is stronger than that in conventional corn 5422 and Bt corn 5422Bt1. It can be concluded that the Bt gene introduction and endogenous chemical defense responses of corns act synergistically during the SA-induced defense processes to the aboveground part. Different transformation events affected the root defense response when the SA treatment was applied to the aboveground part.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjiao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tiantian Du
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yinghua Shu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fengxiao Tan
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianwu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Modern Eco-Agriculture and Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Department of Ecology, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-136-0286-3467
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16
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Mazorra Morales LM, Cosme Silva GM, Santana DB, Pireda SF, Dorighetto Cogo AJ, Heringer ÂS, de Oliveira TDR, Reis RS, Dos Santos Prado LA, de Oliveira AV, Silveira V, Da Cunha M, Barros CF, Façanha AR, Baldet P, Bartoli CG, da Silva MG, Oliveira JG. Mitochondrial dysfunction associated with ascorbate synthesis in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 185:55-68. [PMID: 35661586 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the major organelles of energy production; however, active mitochondria can decline their energetic role and show a dysfunctional status. Mitochondrial dysfunction was induced by high non-physiological level of L-galactone-1,4-lactone (L-GalL), the precursor of ascorbate (AsA), in plant mitochondria. The dysfunction induced by L-GalL was associated with the fault in the mitochondrial electron partition and reactive oxygen species (ROS) over-production. Using mitochondria from RNAi-plant lines harbouring silenced L-galactone-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (L-GalLDH) activity, it was demonstrated that such dysfunction is dependent on this enzyme activity. The capacity of alternative respiration was strongly decreased by L-GalL, probably mediated by redox-inactivation of the alternative oxidase (AOX) enzyme. Although, alternative respiration was shown to be the key factor that helps support AsA synthesis in dysfunctional mitochondria. Experiments with respiratory inhibitors showed that ROS formation and mitochondrial dysfunction were more associated with the decline in the activities of COX (cytochrome oxidase) and particularly AOX than with the lower activities of respiratory complexes I and III. The application of high L-GalL concentrations induced proteomic changes that indicated alterations in proteins related to oxidative stress and energetic status. However, supra-optimal L-GalL concentration was not deleterious for plants. Instead, the L-GalLDH activity could be positive. Indeed, it was found that wild type plants performed better growth than L-GalLDH-RNAi plants in response to high non-physiological L-GalL concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Mazorra Morales
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil; Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Centro de Ciência Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Michelle Cosme Silva
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Diederson Bortolini Santana
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Saulo F Pireda
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Antônio Jesus Dorighetto Cogo
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Ângelo Schuabb Heringer
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense "Darcy Ribeiro" (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tadeu Dos Reis de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Ricardo S Reis
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense "Darcy Ribeiro" (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luís Alfredo Dos Santos Prado
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - André Vicente de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Vanildo Silveira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense "Darcy Ribeiro" (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maura Da Cunha
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Cláudia F Barros
- Laboratório de Botânica Estrutural, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro - IPJBRJ, Brazil
| | - Arnoldo R Façanha
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Bordeaux 1, Université Victor Ségalen-Bordeaux 2, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 103, Unité Mixte de Recherche 619 sur la Biologie du Fruit, Centre de Recherche Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Bordeaux, BP 81, 33883, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Carlos G Bartoli
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET, cc327 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Gomes da Silva
- Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Centro de Ciência Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Jurandi G Oliveira
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil.
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Jardim-Messeder D, Margis-Pinheiro M, Sachetto-Martins G. Salicylic acid and adenine nucleotides regulate the electron transport system and ROS production in plant mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2022; 1863:148559. [PMID: 35413247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2022.148559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although mitochondria have a central role in energy transduction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, the regulatory mechanisms and their involvement in plant stress signaling are not fully established. The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) is an important regulator of mitochondria-mediated ROS production and defense signaling. The role of SA and adenine nucleotides in the regulation of the mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex activity and ROS production was analyzed using WT, RNAi SDH1-1 and disrupted stress response 1 (dsr1) mutants, which show a point mutation in SDH1 subunit and are defective in SA signaling. Our results showed that SA and adenine nucleotides regulate SDH complex activity by distinct patterns, contributing to increased SDH-derived ROS production. As previously demonstrated, SA induces the succinate-quinone reductase activity of SDH complex, acting at or near the ubiquinone binding site. On the other hand, here we demonstrated that adenine nucleotides, such as AMP, ADP and ATP, induce the SDH activity provided by the SDH1 subunit. The regulation of SDH activity by adenine nucleotides is dependent on mitochondrial integrity and is prevented by atractyloside, an inhibitor of adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT), suggesting that the regulatory mechanism occurs on the mitochondrial matrix side of the inner mitochondrial membrane, and not in the intermembrane space, as previously suggested. On the other hand, in the intermembrane space, ADP and ATP limit mitochondrial oxygen consumption by a mechanism that appears to be related to cytochrome bc1 complex inhibition. Altogether, these results indicate that SA signaling and adenine nucleotides regulate the mitochondrial electron transport system and mitochondria-derived ROS production by direct effect in the electron transport system complexes, bringing new insights into mechanisms with direct implications in plant development and responses to different environmental responses, serving as a starting point for future physiological explorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Jardim-Messeder
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Margis-Pinheiro
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gilberto Sachetto-Martins
- Departamento de Genética, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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18
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Kohli SK, Khanna K, Bhardwaj R, Corpas FJ, Ahmad P. Nitric oxide, salicylic acid and oxidative stress: Is it a perfect equilateral triangle? PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 184:56-64. [PMID: 35636332 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous free radical involved in the regulation of a wide array of physio-biochemical phenomena in plants. The biological activity of NO directly depend on its cellular concentration which usually changes under stress conditions, it participates in maintaining cellular redox equilibrium and regulating target checkpoints which control switches among development and stress. It is one of the key players in plant signalling and a plethora of evidence supports its crosstalk with other phytohormones. NO and salicylic acid (SA) cooperation is also of great physiological relevance, where NO modulates the immune response by regulating SA linked target proteins i.e., non-expressor of pathogenesis-related genes (NPR-1 and NPR-2) and Group D bZIP (basic leucine zipper domain transcription factor). Many experimental data suggest a functional cooperative role between NO and SA in mitigating the plant oxidative stress which suggests that these relationships could constitute a metabolic "equilateral triangle".
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhmeen Kaur Kohli
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Kanika Khanna
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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19
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Tao M, Zhu W, Han H, Liu S, Liu A, Li S, Fu H, Tian J. Mitochondrial proteomic analysis reveals the regulation of energy metabolism and reactive oxygen species production in Clematis terniflora DC. leaves under high-level UV-B radiation followed by dark treatment. J Proteomics 2021; 254:104410. [PMID: 34923174 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Clematis terniflora DC. is an important medicinal plant from the family Ranunculaceae. A previous study has shown that active ingredients in C. terniflora, such as flavonoids and coumarins, are increased under ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B) and dark treatment and that the numbers of genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) are changed. To uncover the mechanism of the response to UV-B radiation and dark treatment in C. terniflora, mitochondrial proteomics was performed. The results showed that proteins related to photorespiration, mitochondrial membrane permeability, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the mETC mainly showed differential expression profiles. Moreover, the increase in alternative oxidase indicated that another oxygen-consuming respiratory pathway in plant mitochondria was induced to minimize mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. These results suggested that respiration and mitochondrial membrane permeability were deeply influenced to avoid energy consumption and maintain energy balance under UV-B radiation and dark treatment in C. terniflora leaf mitochondria. Furthermore, oxidative phosphorylation was able to regulate intracellular oxygen balance to resist oxidative stress. This study improves understanding of the function of mitochondria in response to UV-B radiation and dark treatment in C. terniflora. SIGNIFICANCE: C. terniflora was an important traditional Chinese medicine for anti-inflammatory. Previous study showed that the contents of coumarins which were the main active ingredient in C. terniflora were induced by UV-B radiation and dark treatment. In the present study, to uncover the regulatory mechanism of metabolic changes in C. terniflora, mitochondrial proteomics analysis of leaves was performed. The results showed that photorespiration and oxidative phosphorylation pathways were influenced under UV-B radiation and dark treatment. Mitochondria in C. terniflora leaf played a crucial role in energy mechanism and regulation of cellular oxidation-reduction to maintain cell homeostasis under UV-B radiation followed with dark treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglei Tao
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China; Changshu Qiushi Technology Co. Ltd, Suzhou 215500, PR China
| | - Haote Han
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Shengzhi Liu
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Amin Liu
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shouxin Li
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Hongwei Fu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| | - Jingkui Tian
- College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, China.
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20
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Møller IM, Rasmusson AG, Van Aken O. Plant mitochondria - past, present and future. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:912-959. [PMID: 34528296 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study of plant mitochondria started in earnest around 1950 with the first isolations of mitochondria from animal and plant tissues. The first 35 years were spent establishing the basic properties of plant mitochondria and plant respiration using biochemical and physiological approaches. A number of unique properties (compared to mammalian mitochondria) were observed: (i) the ability to oxidize malate, glycine and cytosolic NAD(P)H at high rates; (ii) the partial insensitivity to rotenone, which turned out to be due to the presence of a second NADH dehydrogenase on the inner surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane in addition to the classical Complex I NADH dehydrogenase; and (iii) the partial insensitivity to cyanide, which turned out to be due to an alternative oxidase, which is also located on the inner surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane, in addition to the classical Complex IV, cytochrome oxidase. With the appearance of molecular biology methods around 1985, followed by genomics, further unique properties were discovered: (iv) plant mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is 10-600 times larger than the mammalian mtDNA, yet it only contains approximately 50% more genes; (v) plant mtDNA has kept the standard genetic code, and it has a low divergence rate with respect to point mutations, but a high recombinatorial activity; (vi) mitochondrial mRNA maturation includes a uniquely complex set of activities for processing, splicing and editing (at hundreds of sites); (vii) recombination in mtDNA creates novel reading frames that can produce male sterility; and (viii) plant mitochondria have a large proteome with 2000-3000 different proteins containing many unique proteins such as 200-300 pentatricopeptide repeat proteins. We describe the present and fairly detailed picture of the structure and function of plant mitochondria and how the unique properties make their metabolism more flexible allowing them to be involved in many diverse processes in the plant cell, such as photosynthesis, photorespiration, CAM and C4 metabolism, heat production, temperature control, stress resistance mechanisms, programmed cell death and genomic evolution. However, it is still a challenge to understand how the regulation of metabolism and mtDNA expression works at the cellular level and how retrograde signaling from the mitochondria coordinates all those processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Max Møller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Forsøgsvej 1, DK-4200, Slagelse, Denmark
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Tivendale ND, Belt K, Berkowitz O, Whelan J, Millar AH, Huang S. Knockdown of Succinate Dehydrogenase Assembly Factor 2 Induces Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Auxin Hypersensitivity Causing pH-Dependent Root Elongation. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1185-1198. [PMID: 34018557 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Metabolism, auxin signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) all contribute to plant growth, and each is linked to plant mitochondria and the process of respiration. Knockdown of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 2 (SDHAF2) in Arabidopsis thaliana lowered succinate dehydrogenase activity and led to pH-inducible root inhibition when the growth medium pH was poised at different points between 7.0 and 5.0, but this phenomenon was not observed in wildtype (WT). Roots of sdhaf2 mutants showed high accumulation of succinate, depletion of citrate and malate and up-regulation of ROS-related and stress-inducible genes at pH 5.5. A change of oxidative status in sdhaf2 roots at low pH was also evidenced by low ROS staining in root tips and altered root sensitivity to H2O2. sdhaf2 had low auxin activity in root tips via DR5-GUS staining but displayed increased indole-3-acetic acid (IAA, auxin) abundance and IAA hypersensitivity, which is most likely caused by the change in ROS levels. On this basis, we conclude that knockdown of SDHAF2 induces pH-related root elongation and auxin hyperaccumulation and hypersensitivity, mediated by altered ROS homeostasis. This observation extends the existing evidence of associations between mitochondrial function and auxin by establishing a cascade of cellular events that link them through ROS formation, metabolism and root growth at different pH values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Tivendale
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Katharina Belt
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University,Plaenty Rd and Kingsburg Dr, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Life Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, La Trobe University,Plaenty Rd and Kingsburg Dr, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Shaobai Huang
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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Welchen E, Gonzalez DH. Breaking boundaries: exploring short- and long-distance mitochondrial signalling in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 232:494-501. [PMID: 34255867 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Communication of mitochondria with other cell compartments is essential for the coordination of cellular functions. Mitochondria send retrograde signals through metabolites, redox changes, direct organelle contacts and protein trafficking. Accumulating evidence indicates that, in animal systems, changes in mitochondrial function also trigger responses in other, either neighbouring or distantly located, cells. Although not clearly established, there are indications that this type of communication may also be operative in plants. Grafting experiments suggested that the translocation of entire mitochondria or submitochondrial vesicles between neighbouring cells is possible in plants, as already documented in animals. Changes in mitochondrial function also regulate cell-to-cell communication via plasmodesmata and may be transmitted over long distances through plant hormones acting as mitokines to relay mitochondrial signals to distant tissues. Long-distance movement of transcripts encoding mitochondrial proteins involved in crucial aspects of metabolism and retrograde signalling was also described. Finally, changes in mitochondrial reactive species (ROS) production may affect the 'ROS wave' that triggers systemic acquired acclimation throughout the plant. In this review, we summarise available evidence suggesting that mitochondria establish sophisticated communications not only within the cell but also with neighbouring cells and distant tissues to coordinate plant growth and stress responses in a cell nonautonomous manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Welchen
- Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina
| | - Daniel H Gonzalez
- Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, 3000, Argentina
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López Sánchez A, Hernández Luelmo S, Izquierdo Y, López B, Cascón T, Castresana C. Mitochondrial Stress Induces Plant Resistance Through Chromatin Changes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:704964. [PMID: 34630455 PMCID: PMC8493246 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.704964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond more efficiently when confronted with previous similar stress. In the case of pathogens, this memory of a previous infection confers resistance to future ones, which possesses a high potential for agricultural purposes. Some of the defense elements involved in this resistance phenotype, as well as epigenetic mechanisms participating in the maintenance of the memory, are currently known. However, the intracellular cascade from pathogen perception until the establishment of the epigenetic memory is still unexplored. Here, through the induction of mitochondrial stress by exogenous applications of Antimycin A in Arabidopsis thaliana plants, we discovered and characterized a role of mitochondrial stress in plant-induced resistance. Mitochondrial stress-induced resistance (MS-IR) is effective locally, systemically, within generation and transgenerationally. Mechanistically, MS-IR seems to be mediated by priming of defense gene transcription caused by epigenetic changes. On one hand, we observed an increment in the deposition of H3K4me3 (a positive epigenetic mark) at the promoter region of the primed genes, and, on the other hand, the DNA (de)methylation machinery seems to be required for the transmission of MS-IR to the following generations. Finally, we observed that MS-IR is broad spectrum, restricting the colonization by pathogens from different kingdoms and lifestyles. Altogether, this evidence positions mitochondria as a prominent organelle in environment sensing, acting as an integrating platform to process external and internal signals, triggering the appropriate response, and inducing the epigenetic memory of the stress to better react against future stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López Sánchez
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Carmen Castresana
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
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López Sánchez A, Hernández Luelmo S, Izquierdo Y, López B, Cascón T, Castresana C. Mitochondrial Stress Induces Plant Resistance Through Chromatin Changes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:704964. [PMID: 34630455 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.704964/full] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants respond more efficiently when confronted with previous similar stress. In the case of pathogens, this memory of a previous infection confers resistance to future ones, which possesses a high potential for agricultural purposes. Some of the defense elements involved in this resistance phenotype, as well as epigenetic mechanisms participating in the maintenance of the memory, are currently known. However, the intracellular cascade from pathogen perception until the establishment of the epigenetic memory is still unexplored. Here, through the induction of mitochondrial stress by exogenous applications of Antimycin A in Arabidopsis thaliana plants, we discovered and characterized a role of mitochondrial stress in plant-induced resistance. Mitochondrial stress-induced resistance (MS-IR) is effective locally, systemically, within generation and transgenerationally. Mechanistically, MS-IR seems to be mediated by priming of defense gene transcription caused by epigenetic changes. On one hand, we observed an increment in the deposition of H3K4me3 (a positive epigenetic mark) at the promoter region of the primed genes, and, on the other hand, the DNA (de)methylation machinery seems to be required for the transmission of MS-IR to the following generations. Finally, we observed that MS-IR is broad spectrum, restricting the colonization by pathogens from different kingdoms and lifestyles. Altogether, this evidence positions mitochondria as a prominent organelle in environment sensing, acting as an integrating platform to process external and internal signals, triggering the appropriate response, and inducing the epigenetic memory of the stress to better react against future stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López Sánchez
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Yovanny Izquierdo
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bran López
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Cascón
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Castresana
- Genética Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Madrid, Spain
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Izquierdo Y, Muñiz L, Vicente J, Kulasekaran S, Aguilera V, López Sánchez A, Martínez-Ayala A, López B, Cascón T, Castresana C. Oxylipins From Different Pathways Trigger Mitochondrial Stress Signaling Through Respiratory Complex III. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:705373. [PMID: 34394161 PMCID: PMC8358658 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.705373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant oxylipins are signaling molecules produced from fatty acids by oxidative pathways, mainly initiated by 9- and 13-lipoxygenases (9-LOX and 13-LOX), alpha-dioxygenases or non-enzymatic oxidation. Oxylipins from the 9-LOX pathway induce oxidative stress and control root development and plant defense. These activities have been associated with mitochondrial processes, but precise cellular targets and pathways remain unknown. In order to study oxylipin signaling, we previously generated a collection of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants that were insensitive to the 9-LOX products 9(S)-hydroxy-10,12, 15-octadecatrienoic acid (9-HOT) and its ketone derivative 9-KOT (noxy mutants). Here, we describe noxy1, noxy3, noxy5, noxy23, and noxy54 mutants, all affected in nucleus-encoded mitochondrial proteins, and use them to study the role of mitochondria in oxylipin signaling. Functional and phenotypic analyses showed that noxy plants displayed mitochondrial aggregation, reduced respiration rates and resistance to the complex III inhibitor Antimycin A (AA), thus indicating a close similarity of the oxylipin signaling and mitochondrial stress. Application of 9-HOT and 9-KOT protected plants against subsequent mitochondrial stress, whereas they boosted root growth reduction when applied in combination with complex III inhibitors but did not with inhibitors of other respiratory complexes. A similar effect was caused by linear-chain oxylipins from 13-LOX or non-enzymatic pathways having α,β-unsaturated hydroxyl or keto groups in their structure. Studies to investigate 9-HOT and 9-KOT activity indicated that they do not reduce respiration rates, but their action is primarily associated with enhanced ROS responses. This was supported by the results showing that 9-HOT or 9-KOT combined with AA amplified the expression of oxylipin- and ROS-responding genes but not of the AA marker AOX1a, thus implying the activation of a specific mitochondria retrograde signaling pathway. Our results implicate mitochondrial complex III as a hub in the signaling activity of multiple oxylipin pathways and point at downstream ROS responses as components of oxylipin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yovanny Izquierdo
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Muñiz
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Vicente
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Satish Kulasekaran
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Aguilera
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana López Sánchez
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ada Martínez-Ayala
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bran López
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Cascón
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Castresana
- Department of Plant Molecular Genetics, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Van Aken O. Mitochondrial redox systems as central hubs in plant metabolism and signaling. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:36-52. [PMID: 33624829 PMCID: PMC8154082 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant mitochondria are indispensable for plant metabolism and are tightly integrated into cellular homeostasis. This review provides an update on the latest research concerning the organization and operation of plant mitochondrial redox systems, and how they affect cellular metabolism and signaling, plant development, and stress responses. New insights into the organization and operation of mitochondrial energy systems such as the tricarboxylic acid cycle and mitochondrial electron transport chain (mtETC) are discussed. The mtETC produces reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which can act as signals or lead to cellular damage, and are thus efficiently removed by mitochondrial antioxidant systems, including Mn-superoxide dismutase, ascorbate-glutathione cycle, and thioredoxin-dependent peroxidases. Plant mitochondria are tightly connected with photosynthesis, photorespiration, and cytosolic metabolism, thereby providing redox-balancing. Mitochondrial proteins are targets of extensive post-translational modifications, but their functional significance and how they are added or removed remains unclear. To operate in sync with the whole cell, mitochondria can communicate their functional status via mitochondrial retrograde signaling to change nuclear gene expression, and several recent breakthroughs here are discussed. At a whole organism level, plant mitochondria thus play crucial roles from the first minutes after seed imbibition, supporting meristem activity, growth, and fertility, until senescence of darkened and aged tissue. Finally, plant mitochondria are tightly integrated with cellular and organismal responses to environmental challenges such as drought, salinity, heat, and submergence, but also threats posed by pathogens. Both the major recent advances and outstanding questions are reviewed, which may help future research efforts on plant mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Van Aken
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Author for communication:
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Welchen E, Canal MV, Gras DE, Gonzalez DH. Cross-talk between mitochondrial function, growth, and stress signalling pathways in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:4102-4118. [PMID: 33369668 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant mitochondria harbour complex metabolic routes that are interconnected with those of other cell compartments, and changes in mitochondrial function remotely influence processes in different parts of the cell. This implies the existence of signals that convey information about mitochondrial function to the rest of the cell. Increasing evidence indicates that metabolic and redox signals are important for this process, but changes in ion fluxes, protein relocalization, and physical contacts with other organelles are probably also involved. Besides possible direct effects of these signalling molecules on cellular functions, changes in mitochondrial physiology also affect the activity of different signalling pathways that modulate plant growth and stress responses. As a consequence, mitochondria influence the responses to internal and external factors that modify the activity of these pathways and associated biological processes. Acting through the activity of hormonal signalling pathways, mitochondria may also exert remote control over distant organs or plant tissues. In addition, an intimate cross-talk of mitochondria with energy signalling pathways, such as those represented by TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN and SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 1, can be envisaged. This review discusses available evidence on the role of mitochondria in shaping plant growth and stress responses through various signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Welchen
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María Victoria Canal
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Diana E Gras
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Daniel H Gonzalez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral (CONICET-UNL), Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
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Protein interaction patterns in Arabidopsis thaliana leaf mitochondria change in dependence to light. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148443. [PMID: 33965424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial biology is underpinned by the presence and activity of large protein assemblies participating in the organelle-located steps of respiration, TCA-cycle, glycine oxidation, and oxidative phosphorylation. While the enzymatic roles of these complexes are undisputed, little is known about the interactions of the subunits beyond their presence in these protein complexes and their functions in regulating mitochondrial metabolism. By applying one of the most important regulatory cues for plant metabolism, the presence or absence of light, we here assess changes in the composition and molecular mass of protein assemblies involved in NADH-production in the mitochondrial matrix and in oxidative phosphorylation by employing a differential complexome profiling strategy. Covering a mass up to 25 MDa, we demonstrate dynamic associations of matrix enzymes and of components involved in oxidative phosphorylation. The data presented here form the basis for future studies aiming to advance our understanding of the role of protein:protein interactions in regulating plant mitochondrial functions.
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Prakash V, Singh VP, Tripathi DK, Sharma S, Corpas FJ. Nitric oxide (NO) and salicylic acid (SA): A framework for their relationship in plant development under abiotic stress. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2021; 23 Suppl 1:39-49. [PMID: 33590621 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The free radical nitric oxide (NO) and the phenolic phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) are signal molecules which exert key functions at biochemical and physiological levels. Abiotic stresses, especially in early plant development, impose the biggest threats to agricultural systems and crop yield. These stresses impair plant growth and subsequently cause a reduction in root development, affecting nutrient uptake and crop productivity. The molecules NO and SA have been identified as robust tools for efficiently mitigating the negative effects of abiotic stress in plants. SA is engaged in an array of tasks under adverse environmental situations. The function of NO depends on its cellular concentration; at a low level, it acts as a signal molecule, while at a high level, it triggers nitro-oxidative stress. The crosstalk between NO and SA involving different signalling molecules and regulatory factors modulate plant function during stressful situations. Crosstalk between these two signalling molecules induces plant tolerance to abiotic stress and needs further investigation. This review aims to highlight signalling aspects of NO and SA in higher plants and critically discusses the roles of these two molecules in alleviating abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Prakash
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - V P Singh
- Department of Botany, C.M.P. Degree College, A Constitute PG College of University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - D K Tripathi
- Amity Institute of Organic Agriculture, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India
| | - S Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - F J Corpas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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Abbasi S, Sadeghi A, Omidvari M, Tahan V. The stimulators and responsive genes to induce systemic resistance against pathogens: An exclusive focus on tomato as a model plant. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Ren Z, Wang X, Tao Q, Guo Q, Zhou Y, Yi F, Huang G, Li Y, Zhang M, Li Z, Duan L. Transcriptome dynamic landscape underlying the improvement of maize lodging resistance under coronatine treatment. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:202. [PMID: 33906598 PMCID: PMC8077928 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02962-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lodging is one of the important factors causing maize yield. Plant height is an important factor in determining plant architecture in maize (Zea mays L.), which is closely related to lodging resistance under high planting density. Coronatine (COR), which is a phytotoxin and produced by the pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, is a functional and structural analogue of jasmonic acid (JA). RESULTS In this study, we found COR, as a new plant growth regulator, could effectively reduce plant height and ear height of both hybrids (ZD958 and XY335) and inbred (B73) maize by inhibiting internode growth during elongation, thus improve maize lodging resistance. To study gene expression changes in internode after COR treatment, we collected spatio-temporal transcriptome of inbred B73 internode under normal condition and COR treatment, including the three different regions of internode (fixed, meristem and elongation regions) at three different developmental stages. The gene expression levels of the three regions at normal condition were described and then compared with that upon COR treatment. In total, 8605 COR-responsive genes (COR-RGs) were found, consist of 802 genes specifically expressed in internode. For these COR-RGs, 614, 870, 2123 of which showed expression changes in only fixed, meristem and elongation region, respectively. Both the number and function were significantly changed for COR-RGs identified in different regions, indicating genes with different functions were regulated at the three regions. Besides, we found more than 80% genes of gibberellin and jasmonic acid were changed under COR treatment. CONCLUSIONS These data provide a gene expression profiling in different regions of internode development and molecular mechanism of COR affecting internode elongation. A putative schematic of the internode response to COR treatment is proposed which shows the basic process of COR affecting internode elongation. This research provides a useful resource for studying maize internode development and improves our understanding of the COR regulation mechanism based on plant height.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qun Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fei Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Guanmin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanxia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingcai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhaohu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liusheng Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education &College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No.2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian, Beijing, 100193, China.
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, No.7 Beinong Road, Changping, Beijing, 102206, China.
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32
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Gandin A, Dizengremel P, Jolivet Y. Integrative role of plant mitochondria facing oxidative stress: The case of ozone. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:202-210. [PMID: 33385703 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Ozone is a secondary air pollutant, which causes oxidative stress in plants by producing reactive oxygen species (ROS) starting by an external attack of leaf apoplast. ROS have a dual role, acting as signaling molecules, regulating different physiological processes and response to stress, but also inducing oxidative damage. The production of ROS in plant cells is compartmented and regulated by scavengers and specific enzyme pathways. Chronic doses of ozone are known to trigger an important increase of the respiratory process while decreasing photosynthesis. Mitochondria, which normally operate with usual levels of intracellular ROS, would have to play a prominent role to cope with an enhanced ozone-derived ROS production. It is thus needed to compile the available literature on the effects of ozone on mitochondria to precise their strategy facing oxidative stress. An overview of the mitochondrial fate in three steps is proposed, i) starting with the initial responses of the mitochondria for alleviating the overproduction of ROS by the enhancement of existing antioxidant metabolism and adjustments of the electron transport chain, ii) followed by the setting up of detoxifying processes through exchanges between mitochondria and the cell, and iii) ending by an accelerated senescence initiated by mitochondrial membrane permeability and leading to programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Gandin
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
| | - Pierre Dizengremel
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France.
| | - Yves Jolivet
- Université de Lorraine, AgroParisTech, INRAE, Silva, F-54000, Nancy, France
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Kidd BN, Foley R, Singh KB, Anderson JP. Foliar resistance to Rhizoctonia solani in Arabidopsis is compromised by simultaneous loss of ethylene, jasmonate and PEN2 mediated defense pathways. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2546. [PMID: 33510286 PMCID: PMC7843637 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81858-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani causes damaging yield losses on most major food crops. R. solani isolates belonging to anastomosis group 8 (AG8) are soil-borne, root-infecting pathogens with a broad host range. AG8 isolates can cause disease on wheat, canola and legumes, however Arabidopsis thaliana is heretofore thought to possess non-host resistance as A. thaliana ecotypes, including the reference strain Col-0, are resistant to AG8 infection. Using a mitochondria-targeted redox sensor (mt-roGFP2) and cell death staining, we demonstrate that both AG8 and a host isolate (AG2-1) of R. solani are able to infect A. thaliana roots. Above ground tissue of A. thaliana was found to be resistant to AG8 but not AG2. Genetic analysis revealed that ethylene, jasmonate and PENETRATION2-mediated defense pathways work together to provide resistance to AG8 in the leaves which subsequently enable tolerance of root infections. Overall, we demonstrate a significant difference in defense capabilities of above and below ground tissue in providing resistance to R. solani AG8 in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan N Kidd
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, Australia.,Australian Reseach Council Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Rhonda Foley
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, Australia
| | - Karam B Singh
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, Australia.,Department of Environment and Agriculture, Centre for Crop and Disease Management, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.,The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Jonathan P Anderson
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Floreat, WA, Australia. .,The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
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Ren K, Feng L, Sun S, Zhuang X. Plant Mitophagy in Comparison to Mammals: What Is Still Missing? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1236. [PMID: 33513816 PMCID: PMC7865480 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial homeostasis refers to the balance of mitochondrial number and quality in a cell. It is maintained by mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial fusion/fission, and the clearance of unwanted/damaged mitochondria. Mitophagy represents a selective form of autophagy by sequestration of the potentially harmful mitochondrial materials into a double-membrane autophagosome, thus preventing the release of death inducers, which can trigger programmed cell death (PCD). Recent advances have also unveiled a close interconnection between mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics, as well as PCD in both mammalian and plant cells. In this review, we will summarize and discuss recent findings on the interplay between mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics, with a focus on the molecular evidence for mitophagy crosstalk with mitochondrial dynamics and PCD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xiaohong Zhuang
- Centre for Cell and Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (K.R.); (L.F.); (S.S.)
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Maldonado M, Guo F, Letts JA. Atomic structures of respiratory complex III 2, complex IV, and supercomplex III 2-IV from vascular plants. eLife 2021; 10:e62047. [PMID: 33463523 PMCID: PMC7815315 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex III (CIII2) and complex IV (CIV), which can associate into a higher-order supercomplex (SC III2+IV), play key roles in respiration. However, structures of these plant complexes remain unknown. We present atomic models of CIII2, CIV, and SC III2+IV from Vigna radiata determined by single-particle cryoEM. The structures reveal plant-specific differences in the MPP domain of CIII2 and define the subunit composition of CIV. Conformational heterogeneity analysis of CIII2 revealed long-range, coordinated movements across the complex, as well as the motion of CIII2's iron-sulfur head domain. The CIV structure suggests that, in plants, proton translocation does not occur via the H channel. The supercomplex interface differs significantly from that in yeast and bacteria in its interacting subunits, angle of approach and limited interactions in the mitochondrial matrix. These structures challenge long-standing assumptions about the plant complexes and generate new mechanistic hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maldonado
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California DavisDavisUnited States
| | - Fei Guo
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California DavisDavisUnited States
- BIOEM Facility, University of California DavisDavisUnited States
| | - James A Letts
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California DavisDavisUnited States
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Fabre F, Urbach S, Roche S, Langin T, Bonhomme L. Proteomics-Based Data Integration of Wheat Cultivars Facing Fusarium graminearum Strains Revealed a Core-Responsive Pattern Controlling Fusarium Head Blight. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:644810. [PMID: 34135919 PMCID: PMC8201412 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.644810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly occurring upon Fusarium graminearum infection in a wide variety of small-grain cereals, is supposed to be controlled by a range of processes diverted by the fungal pathogen, the so-called susceptibility factors. As a mean to provide relevant information about the molecular events involved in FHB susceptibility in bread wheat, we studied an extensive proteome of more than 7,900 identified wheat proteins in three cultivars of contrasting susceptibilities during their interaction with three F. graminearum strains of different aggressiveness. No cultivar-specific proteins discriminated the three wheat genotypes, demonstrating the establishment of a core proteome regardless of unequivocal FHB susceptibility differences. Quantitative protein analysis revealed that most of the FHB-induced molecular adjustments were shared by wheat cultivars and occurred independently of the F. graminearum strain aggressiveness. Although subtle abundance changes evidenced genotype-dependent responses to FHB, cultivar distinction was found to be mainly due to basal abundance differences, especially regarding the chloroplast functions. Integrating these data with previous proteome mapping of the three F. graminearum strains facing the three same wheat cultivars, we demonstrated strong correlations between the wheat protein abundance changes and the adjustments of fungal proteins supposed to interfere with host molecular functions. Together, these results provide a resourceful dataset that expands our understanding of the specific molecular events taking place during the wheat-F. graminearum interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Fabre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 1095 Génétique Diversité Ecophysiologie des Céréales, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Serge Urbach
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Roche
- INRAE, Unité Experimentale 1375, Phénotypage au Champ des Céréales (PHACC), Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thierry Langin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 1095 Génétique Diversité Ecophysiologie des Céréales, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Ludovic Bonhomme
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 1095 Génétique Diversité Ecophysiologie des Céréales, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- *Correspondence: Ludovic Bonhomme,
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Gutiérrez-Aguilar M. Mitochondrial calcium transport and permeability transition as rational targets for plant protection. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1861:148288. [PMID: 32800781 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) is a death-inducing mechanism that collapses electrochemical gradients across inner mitochondrial membranes. Several studies in model plants have detailed potential MPT-dependent cell death upon abiotic stress in response to heat shock, ultraviolet radiation, heavy metal toxicity and waterlogging. However, the molecular specifics of the MPT and its possible role on plant cell death remain controversial. This review addresses previous and recent developments on the role(s) of the MPT in plants. Considering these advances, MPT targeting can constitute a plausible strategy to ameliorate cell death in plants upon abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 México City, Mexico.
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Meng C, Yang M, Wang Y, Chen C, Sui N, Meng Q, Zhuang K, Lv W. SlWHY2 interacts with SlRECA2 to maintain mitochondrial function under drought stress in tomato. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 301:110674. [PMID: 33218640 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress in plants leads to inhibition of photosynthesis and respiration, accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reprogramming of gene expression. Here, we established that the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) WHIRLY2 (SlWHY2) gene, which encodes a mitochondrial single-stranded DNA-binding protein, was significantly induced by drought stress. Under drought conditions, SlWHY2 RNAi plants showed more wilting and lower fresh weight, chlorophyll content, quantum yield of photosystem I (PSI; YI), and maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) than the wild type (WT). Drought treatment also caused the SlWHY2 RNAi lines to accumulate more ROS than the WT, and the silenced lines had lower AOX (alternative oxidase) activity. As expected, the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was less stable in the SlWHY2 RNAi lines. The expression levels of seven genes in the mitochondrial genome (SYCF15, NAD7, NAD4, COS2, COX1, COX2, and COX3) were decreased even more in the SlWHY2 RNAi lines than they were in the WT under drought stress. SlWHY2 interacted directly in vivo and in vitro with SlRECA2, a mitochondrial recombinase A that is important for mitochondrial DNA recombination and repair. These results suggest that SlWHY2 plays an essential role in maintaining mitochondrial function and enhancing drought tolerance in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Meng
- Marine Agriculture Research Center, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Minmin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Key Lab of Soil & Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Na Sui
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qingwei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Kunyang Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong 271018, China.
| | - Wei Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai' an, Shandong 271018, China.
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Poorghadir M, Torkashvand AM, Mirjalili SA, Moradi P. Interactions of amino acids (proline and phenylalanine) and biostimulants (salicylic acid and chitosan) on the growth and essential oil components of savory (Satureja hortensis L.). BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Ahmadi SZ, Ghorbanpour M, Aghaee A, Hadian J. Deciphering morpho-physiological and phytochemical attributes of Tanacetum parthenium L. plants exposed to C60 fullerene and salicylic acid. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127406. [PMID: 32585459 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of C60 fullerene concentrations (0, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/L) and salicylic acid (0 and 0.2 mM) on growth and phytochemical accumulation of two feverfew genotypes (Pharmasaat and Jelitto) in a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications. According to the ANOVA, triple interaction of treatments were significant on morphological and phytochmical traits, however, the main effect of treatments only affected physiological attributes. Application of salicylic acid differentially influenced the effects of various concentrations of C60 fullerene on growth traits of both genotypes. In Pharmasaat, foliar application of salicylic acid increased growth traits of plants exposed to C60 fullerene at all concentrations, however, it improved the growth of Jelitto at higher levels of fullerene. The maximum increase of flower + leaf dry weight was recorded at 1000 mg/L C60 fullerene in combination with salicylic acid compared to control for Jelitto. In Pharmasaat, the parthenolide content significantly increased following increase of C60 fullerene up to 250 mg/L with salicylic acid, but a rapid decrease followed at 500-1000 mg/L. SEM images showed a wider deposition (many spheres with different sizes) of C60 fullerene on leaf tissue of Pharmasaat exposed to high concentration, involving changes in trichome density and tissue rupture. The essential oil content was not significantly increased upon experimental treatments compared to control. Based on hierarchical cluster analysis, C60 fullerene and salicylic acid treatments caused to a co-induction of ion leakage, chlorophyll a, essential oil and parthenoloide in Pharmasaat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyede Zahra Ahmadi
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Aghaee
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Javad Hadian
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Mencia R, Céccoli G, Fabro G, Torti P, Colombatti F, Ludwig-Müller J, Alvarez ME, Welchen E. OXR2 Increases Plant Defense against a Hemibiotrophic Pathogen via the Salicylic Acid Pathway. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 184:1112-1127. [PMID: 32727912 PMCID: PMC7536703 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.01351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) OXIDATION RESISTANCE2 (AtOXR2) is a mitochondrial protein belonging to the Oxidation Resistance (OXR) protein family, recently described in plants. We analyzed the impact of AtOXR2 in Arabidopsis defense mechanisms against the hemibiotrophic bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae oxr2 mutant plants are more susceptible to infection by the pathogen and, conversely, plants overexpressing AtOXR2 (oeOXR2 plants) show enhanced disease resistance. Resistance in these plants is accompanied by higher expression of WRKY transcription factors, induction of genes involved in salicylic acid (SA) synthesis, accumulation of free SA, and overall activation of the SA signaling pathway. Accordingly, defense phenotypes are dependent on SA synthesis and SA perception pathways, since they are lost in isochorismate synthase1/salicylic acid induction deficient2 and nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes1 (npr1) mutant backgrounds. Overexpression of AtOXR2 leads to faster and stronger oxidative burst in response to the bacterial flagellin peptide flg22 Moreover, AtOXR2 affects the nuclear localization of the transcriptional coactivator NPR1, a master regulator of SA signaling. oeOXR2 plants have increased levels of total glutathione and a more oxidized cytosolic redox cellular environment under normal growth conditions. Therefore, AtOXR2 contributes to establishing plant protection against infection by P. syringae acting on the activity of the SA pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Mencia
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Gabriel Céccoli
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Georgina Fabro
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pablo Torti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Francisco Colombatti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | | | - Maria Elena Alvarez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Elina Welchen
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Cátedra de Biología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
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Ilahy R, Tlili I, Pék Z, Montefusco A, Siddiqui MW, Homa F, Hdider C, R'Him T, Lajos H, Lenucci MS. Pre- and Post-harvest Factors Affecting Glucosinolate Content in Broccoli. Front Nutr 2020; 7:147. [PMID: 33015121 PMCID: PMC7511755 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to several presumed health-promoting biological activities, increased attention is being given to natural plant chemicals, especially those frequently entering the human diet. Glucosinolates (GLs) are the main bioactive compounds found in broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck). Their regular dietary assumption has been correlated with reduced risk of various types of neoplasms (lung, colon, pancreatic, breast, bladder, and prostate cancers), some degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, and decreased incidence of cardiovascular pathologies. GL's synthesis pathway and regulation mechanism have been elucidated mainly in Arabidopsis. However, nearly 56 putative genes have been identified as involved in the B. oleracea GL pathway. It is widely recognized that there are several pre-harvest (genotype, growing environment, cultural practices, ripening stage, etc.) and post-harvest (harvesting, post-harvest treatments, packaging, storage, etc.) factors that affect GL synthesis, profiles, and levels in broccoli. Understanding how these factors act and interact in driving GL accumulation in the edible parts is essential for developing new broccoli cultivars with improved health-promoting bioactivity. In this regard, any systematic and comprehensive review outlining the effects of pre- and post-harvest factors on the accumulation of GLs in broccoli is not yet available. Thus, the goal of this paper is to fill this gap by giving a synoptic overview of the most relevant and recent literature. The existence of substantial cultivar-to-cultivar variation in GL content in response to pre-harvest factors and post-harvest manipulations has been highlighted and discussed. The paper also stresses the need for adapting particular pre- and post-harvest procedures for each particular genotype in order to maintain nutritious, fresh-like quality throughout the broccoli value chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Ilahy
- Laboratory of Horticulture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Imen Tlili
- Laboratory of Horticulture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Zoltán Pék
- Laboratory of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Horticultural Institute, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Montefusco
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento (DiSTeBA), Lecce, Italy
| | - Mohammed Wasim Siddiqui
- Department of Food Science and Postharvest Technology, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Fozia Homa
- Department of Statistics, Mathematics, and Computer Application, Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Chafik Hdider
- Laboratory of Horticulture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Thouraya R'Him
- Laboratory of Horticulture, National Agricultural Research Institute of Tunisia (INRAT), University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Helyes Lajos
- Laboratory of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Horticultural Institute, Szent István University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Marcello Salvatore Lenucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento (DiSTeBA), Lecce, Italy
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Nawaz G, Usman B, Peng H, Zhao N, Yuan R, Liu Y, Li R. Knockout of Pi21 by CRISPR/Cas9 and iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis of Mutants Revealed New Insights into M. oryzae Resistance in Elite Rice Line. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:E735. [PMID: 32630695 PMCID: PMC7396999 DOI: 10.3390/genes11070735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice blast (Magnaporthe oryzae) is a devastating disease affecting rice production globally. The development of cultivars with host resistance has been proved to be the best strategy for disease management. Several rice-resistance genes (R) have been recognized which induce resistance to blast in rice but R gene-mediated mechanisms resulting in defense response still need to be elucidated. Here, mutant lines generated through CRISPR/Cas9 based targeted mutagenesis to investigate the role of Pi21 against blast resistance and 17 mutant plants were obtained in T0 generation with the mutation rate of 66% including 26% bi-allelic, 22% homozygous, 12% heterozygous, and 3% chimeric and 17 T-DNA-free lines in T1 generation. The homozygous mutant lines revealed enhanced resistance to blast without affecting the major agronomic traits. Furthermore, comparative proteome profiling was adopted to study the succeeding proteomic regulations, using iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis. We identified 372 DEPs, among them 149 up and 223 were down-regulated, respectively. GO analysis revealed that the proteins related to response to stimulus, photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolic process, and small molecule metabolic process were up-regulated. The most of DEPs were involved in metabolic, ribosomal, secondary metabolites biosynthesis, and carbon metabolism pathways. 40S ribosomal protein S15 (P31674), 50S ribosomal protein L4, L5, L6 (Q10NM5, Q9ZST0, Q10L93), 30S ribosomal protein S5, S9 (Q6YU81, Q850W6, Q9XJ28), and succinate dehydrogenase (Q9S827) were hub-proteins. The expression level of genes related to defense mechanism, involved in signaling pathways of jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene metabolisms were up-regulated in mutant line after the inoculation of the physiological races of M. oryzae as compared to WT. Our results revealed the fundamental value of genome editing and expand knowledge about fungal infection avoidance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gul Nawaz
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (G.N.); (B.U.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Babar Usman
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (G.N.); (B.U.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Haowen Peng
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (G.N.); (B.U.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Neng Zhao
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (G.N.); (B.U.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Ruizhi Yuan
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (G.N.); (B.U.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (R.Y.)
| | - Yaoguang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Rongbai Li
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China; (G.N.); (B.U.); (H.P.); (N.Z.); (R.Y.)
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Eprintsev AT, Fedorin DN. Purification of Constitutive Isoenzymes of Succinate Dehydrogenase from Zea mays Scutellum in the Homogeneous State and the Study of Their Characteristics. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683820020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Poór P. Effects of Salicylic Acid on the Metabolism of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E341. [PMID: 32098073 PMCID: PMC7072379 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Different abiotic and biotic stresses lead to the production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in various cell organelles such as in mitochondria, resulting in oxidative stress, inducing defense responses or programmed cell death (PCD) in plants. In response to oxidative stress, cells activate various cytoprotective responses, enhancing the antioxidant system, increasing the activity of alternative oxidase and degrading the oxidized proteins. Oxidative stress responses are orchestrated by several phytohormones such as salicylic acid (SA). The biomolecule SA is a key regulator in mitochondria-mediated defense signaling and PCD, but the mode of its action is not known in full detail. In this review, the current knowledge on the multifaceted role of SA in mitochondrial ROS metabolism is summarized to gain a better understanding of SA-regulated processes at the subcellular level in plant defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary
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46
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Rai KK, Pandey N, Rai SP. Salicylic acid and nitric oxide signaling in plant heat stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:241-255. [PMID: 30843232 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In agriculture, heat stress (HS) has become one of the eminent abiotic threats to crop growth, productivity and nutritional security because of the continuous increase in global mean temperature. Studies have annotated that the heat stress response (HSR) in plants is highly conserved, involving complex regulatory networks of various signaling and sensor molecules. In this context, the ubiquitous-signaling molecules salicylic acid (SA) and nitric oxide (NO) have diverted the attention of the plant science community because of their putative roles in plant abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. However, their involvement in the transcriptional regulatory networks in plant HS tolerance is still poorly understood. In this review, we have conceptualized current knowledge concerning how SA and NO sense HS in plants and how they trigger the HSR leading to the activation of transcriptional-signaling cascades. Fundamentals of functional components and signaling networks associated with molecular mechanisms involved in SA/NO-mediated HSR in plants have also been discussed. Increasing evidences have suggested the involvement of epigenetic modifications in the development of a 'stress memory', thereby provoking the role of epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of plant's innate immunity under HS. Thus, we have also explored the recent advancements regarding the biological mechanisms and the underlying significance of epigenetic regulations involved in the activation of HS responsive genes and transcription factors by providing conceptual frameworks for understanding molecular mechanisms behind the 'transcriptional stress memory' as potential memory tools in the regulation of plant HSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna K Rai
- Centre of Advance Study in Botany, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Neha Pandey
- Centre of Advance Study in Botany, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
- Department of Botany, CMP Degree College, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Shashi P Rai
- Centre of Advance Study in Botany, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Butsanets PA, Baik AS, Shugaev AG, Kuznetsov VV. Melatonin Inhibits Peroxide Production in Plant Mitochondria. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2019; 489:367-369. [PMID: 32130601 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672919060036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effect of melatonin on respiration and production (release) of hydrogen peroxide during succinate oxidation in mitochondria isolated from lupine cotyledons and epicotyls of pea seedlings was studied. It was shown for the first time that melatonin (10-7-10-3 M) had a significant inhibitory effect on the production of peroxide by plant mitochondria, which was characterized by concentration dependence and species specificity. At the same time, melatonin (at a concentration of up to 100 μM) had virtually no effect on mitochondrial respiration rate and respiratory control coefficient. The results confirm the antioxidant function of melatonin and indicate that it is involved in the regulation of ROS levels and maintenance of redox balance in plant mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Butsanets
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, 127276, Moscow, Russia
| | - A S Baik
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, 127276, Moscow, Russia
| | - A G Shugaev
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, 127276, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vl V Kuznetsov
- Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, 127276, Moscow, Russia
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McCollum C, Geißelsöder S, Engelsdorf T, Voitsik AM, Voll LM. Deficiencies in the Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Affect Redox Poise and Resistance Toward Colletotrichum higginsianum. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1262. [PMID: 31681368 PMCID: PMC6812661 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate if and how the integrity of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) influences susceptibility of Arabidopsis toward Colletotrichum higginsianum, we have selected previously characterized mutants with defects at different stages of the mETC, namely, the complex I mutant ndufs4, the complex II mutant sdh2-1, the complex III mutant ucr8-1, and a mutant of the uncoupling protein ucp1-2. Relative to wild type, the selected complex I, II, and III mutants showed decreased total respiration, increased alternative respiration, as well as increased redox charge of the NADP(H) pool and decreased redox charge of the NAD(H) pool in the dark. In the light, mETC mutants accumulated free amino acids, albeit to varying degrees. Glycine and serine, which are involved in carbon recycling from photorespiration, and N-rich amino acids were predominantly increased in mETC mutants compared to the wild type. Taking together the physiological phenotypes of all examined mutants, our results suggest a connection between the limitation in the re-oxidation of reducing equivalents in the mitochondrial matrix and the induction of nitrate assimilation into free amino acids in the cytosol, which seems to be engaged as an additional sink for reducing power. The sdh2-1 mutant was less susceptible to C. higginsianum and did not show hampered salicylic acid (SA) accumulation as previously reported for SDH1 knock-down plants. The ROS burst remained unaffected in sdh2-1, emonstrating that subunit SDH2 is not involved in the control of ROS production and SA signaling by complex II. Moreover, the ndufs4 mutant showed only 20% of C. higginsianum colonization compared to wild type, with the ROS burst and the production of callose papillae being significantly increased compared to wild type. This indicates that a restriction of respiratory metabolism can positively affect pre-penetration resistance of Arabidopsis. Taking metabolite profiling data from all investigated mETC mutants, a strong positive correlation of resistance toward C. higginsianum with NADPH pool size, pyruvate contents, and other metabolites associated with redox poise and energy charge was evident, which fosters the hypothesis that limitations in the mETC can support resistance at post-penetration stages by improving the availability of metabolic power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher McCollum
- Division of Biochemistry, Department Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sonja Geißelsöder
- Division of Biochemistry, Department Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Timo Engelsdorf
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anna Maria Voitsik
- Division of Biochemistry, Department Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lars M. Voll
- Division of Biochemistry, Department Biology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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49
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Alber NA, Vanlerberghe GC. Signaling interactions between mitochondria and chloroplasts in Nicotiana tabacum leaf. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 167:188-204. [PMID: 30467859 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Research has begun to elucidate the signal transduction pathway(s) that control cellular responses to changes in mitochondrial status. Important tools in such studies are chemical inhibitors used to initiate mitochondrial dysfunction. This study compares the effect of different inhibitors and treatment conditions on the transcript amount of nuclear genes specifically responsive to mitochondrial dysfunction in leaf of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Petit Havana. The Complex III inhibitors antimycin A (AA) and myxothiazol (MYXO), and the Complex V inhibitor oligomycin (OLIGO), each increased the transcript amount of the mitochondrial dysfunction genes. Transcript responses to OLIGO were greater during treatment in the dark than in the light, and the dark treatment resulted in cell death. In the dark, transcript responses to AA and MYXO were similar to one another, despite MYXO leading to cell death. In the light, transcript responses to AA and MYXO diverged, despite cell viability remaining high with either inhibitor. This divergent response may be due to differential signaling from the chloroplast because only AA also inhibited cyclic electron transport, resulting in a strong acceptor-side limitation in photosystem I. In the light, chemical inhibition of chloroplast electron transport reduced transcript responses to AA, while having no effect on the response to MYXO, and increasing the response to OLIGO. Hence, when studying mitochondrial dysfunction signaling, different inhibitor and treatment combinations differentially affect linked processes (e.g. chloroplast function and cell fate) that then contribute to measured responses. Therefore, inhibitor and treatment conditions should be chosen to align with specific study goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Alber
- Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Greg C Vanlerberghe
- Department of Biological Sciences, Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, M1C 1A4, Canada
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Pokotylo I, Kravets V, Ruelland E. Salicylic Acid Binding Proteins (SABPs): The Hidden Forefront of Salicylic Acid Signalling. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4377. [PMID: 31489905 PMCID: PMC6769663 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a phytohormone that plays important roles in many aspects of plant life, notably in plant defenses against pathogens. Key mechanisms of SA signal transduction pathways have now been uncovered. Even though details are still missing, we understand how SA production is regulated and which molecular machinery is implicated in the control of downstream transcriptional responses. The NPR1 pathway has been described to play the main role in SA transduction. However, the mode of SA perception is unclear. NPR1 protein has been shown to bind SA. Nevertheless, NPR1 action requires upstream regulatory events (such as a change in cell redox status). Besides, a number of SA-induced responses are independent from NPR1. This shows that there is more than one way for plants to perceive SA. Indeed, multiple SA-binding proteins of contrasting structures and functions have now been identified. Yet, all of these proteins can be considered as candidate SA receptors and might have a role in multinodal (decentralized) SA input. This phenomenon is unprecedented for other plant hormones and is a point of discussion of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pokotylo
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
- Université Paris-Est, UPEC, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Volodymyr Kravets
- V.P. Kukhar Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Eric Ruelland
- Université Paris-Est, UPEC, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, 94010 Créteil, France.
- CNRS, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, UMR 7618, 94010 Créteil, France.
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