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Li Z, Huang Y, Shen Z, Wu M, Huang M, Hong SB, Xu L, Zang Y. Advances in functional studies of plant MYC transcription factors. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:195. [PMID: 39103657 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04697-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Myelocytomatosis (MYC) transcription factors (TFs) belong to the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family in plants and play a central role in governing a wide range of physiological processes. These processes encompass plant growth, development, adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses, as well as secondary metabolism. In recent decades, significant strides have been made in comprehending the multifaceted regulatory functions of MYCs. This advancement has been achieved through the cloning of MYCs and the characterization of plants with MYC deficiencies or overexpression, employing comprehensive genome-wide 'omics' and protein-protein interaction technologies. MYCs act as pivotal components in integrating signals from various phytohormones' transcriptional regulators to orchestrate genome-wide transcriptional reprogramming. In this review, we have compiled current research on the role of MYCs as molecular switches that modulate signal transduction pathways mediated by phytohormones and phytochromes. This comprehensive overview allows us to address lingering questions regarding the interplay of signals in response to environmental cues and developmental shift. It also sheds light on the potential implications for enhancing plant resistance to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses through genetic improvements achieved by plant breeding and synthetic biology efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewei Li
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunshuai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiwei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meifang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mujun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Seung-Beom Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Houston Clear Lake, Houston, TX, 77058-1098, USA
| | - Liai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yunxiang Zang
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
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Yoshida R, Taguchi S, Wakita C, Serikawa S, Miyaji H. Companion basil plants prime the tomato wound response through volatile signaling in a mixed planting system. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:200. [PMID: 39039312 PMCID: PMC11263239 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03285-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Volatile compounds released from basil prime the tomato wound response by promoting jasmonic acid, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and reactive oxygen species signaling. Within mixed planting systems, companion plants can promote growth or enhance stress responses in target plants. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain poorly understood. To gain insight into the molecular nature of the effects of companion plants, we investigated the effects of basil plants (Ocimum basilicum var. minimum) on the wound response in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum cv. 'Micro-Tom') within a mixed planting system under environmentally controlled chamber. The results showed that the expression of Pin2, which specifically responds to mechanical wounding, was induced more rapidly and more strongly in the leaves of tomato plants cultivated with companion basil plants. This wound response priming effect was replicated through the exposure of tomato plants to an essential oil (EO) prepared from basil leaves. Tomato leaves pre-exposed to basil EO showed enhanced expression of genes related to jasmonic acid, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling after wounding stress. Basil EO also enhanced ROS accumulation in wounded tomato leaves. The wound response priming effect of basil EO was confirmed in wounded Arabidopsis plants. Loss-of-function analysis of target genes revealed that MAPK genes play pivotal roles in controlling the observed priming effects. Spodoptera litura larvae-fed tomato leaves pre-exposed to basil EO showed reduced growth compared with larvae-fed control leaves. Thus, mixed planting with basil may enhance defense priming in both tomato and Arabidopsis plants through the activation of volatile signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riichiro Yoshida
- Laboratory of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
| | - Shoma Taguchi
- Laboratory of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Chihiro Wakita
- Laboratory of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Serikawa
- Laboratory of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyaji
- Laboratory of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Kohrimoto, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
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Otani M, Tojo R, Regnard S, Zheng L, Hoshi T, Ohmori S, Tachibana N, Sano T, Koshimizu S, Ichimura K, Colcombet J, Kawakami N. The MKK3 MAPK cascade integrates temperature and after-ripening signals to modulate seed germination. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2404887121. [PMID: 38968100 PMCID: PMC11252986 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2404887121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The timing of seed germination is controlled by the combination of internal dormancy and external factors. Temperature is a major environmental factor for seed germination. The permissive temperature range for germination is narrow in dormant seeds and expands during after-ripening (AR) (dormancy release). Quantitative trait loci analyses of preharvest sprouting in cereals have revealed that MKK3, a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade protein, is a negative regulator of grain dormancy. Here, we show that the MAPKKK19/20-MKK3-MPK1/2/7/14 cascade modulates the germination temperature range in Arabidopsis seeds by elevating the germinability of the seeds at sub- and supraoptimal temperatures. The expression of MAPKKK19 and MAPKKK20 is induced around optimal temperature for germination in after-ripened seeds but repressed in dormant seeds. MPK7 activation depends on the expression levels of MAPKKK19/20, with expression occurring under conditions permissive for germination. Abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) are two major phytohormones which are involved in germination control. Activation of the MKK3 cascade represses ABA biosynthesis enzyme gene expression and induces expression of ABA catabolic enzyme and GA biosynthesis enzyme genes, resulting in expansion of the germinable temperature range. Our data demonstrate that the MKK3 cascade integrates temperature and AR signals to phytohormone metabolism and seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Otani
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
- Organization for the Strategic Coordination of Research and Intellectual Properties, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
| | - Ryo Tojo
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
| | - Sarah Regnard
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay, Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE), Paris-Cité University, Evry Val d'Essonne University, Gif-sur-Yvette91190, France
| | - Lipeng Zheng
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
- Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei230031, China
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui230027, China
| | - Takumi Hoshi
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
| | - Suzuha Ohmori
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
| | - Natsuki Tachibana
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sano
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
| | - Shizuka Koshimizu
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
- Bioinformation and DDBJ Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima411-8540, Japan
| | - Kazuya Ichimura
- Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa761-0795, Japan
| | - Jean Colcombet
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris Saclay, Paris-Saclay University, CNRS, National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE), Paris-Cité University, Evry Val d'Essonne University, Gif-sur-Yvette91190, France
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Tama-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa214-8571, Japan
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Li K, Zhai L, Pi Y, Fu S, Wu T, Zhang X, Xu X, Han Z, Wang Y. Mitogen-activated protein kinase MxMPK3-2 mediated phosphorylation of MxZR3.1 participates in regulating iron homoeostasis in apple rootstocks. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:2510-2525. [PMID: 38514902 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
The micronutrient iron plays a crucial role in the growth and development of plants, necessitating meticulous regulation for its absorption by plants. Prior research has demonstrated that the transcription factor MxZR3.1 restricts iron absorption in apple rootstocks; however, the precise mechanism by which MxZR3.1 contributes to the regulation of iron homoeostasis in apple rootstocks remains unexplored. Here, MxMPK3-2, a protein kinase, was discovered to interact with MxZR3.1. Y2H, bimolecular fluorescence complementation and pull down experiments were used to confirm the interaction. Phosphorylation and cell semi-degradation tests have shown that MxZR3.1 can be used as a substrate of MxMPK3-2, which leads to the MxZR3.1 protein being more stable. In addition, through tobacco transient transformation (LUC and GUS) experiments, it was confirmed that MxZR3.1 significantly inhibited the activity of the MxHA2 promoter, while MxMPK3-2 mediated phosphorylation at the Ser94 site of MxZR3.1 further inhibited the activity of the MxHA2 promoter. It is tightly controlled to absorb iron during normal growth and development of apple rootstocks due to the regulatory effect of the MxMPK3-2-MxZR3.1 module on MxHA2 transcription level. Consequently, this research has revealed the molecular basis of how the MxMPK3-2-MxZR3.1 module in apple rootstocks controls iron homoeostasis by regulating the MxHA2 promoter's activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keting Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Longmei Zhai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Pi
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Sitong Fu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
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Li Y, Kamiyama Y, Minegishi F, Tamura Y, Yamashita K, Katagiri S, Takase H, Otani M, Tojo R, Rupp GE, Suzuki T, Kawakami N, Peck SC, Umezawa T. Group C MAP kinases phosphorylate MBD10 to regulate ABA-induced leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 118:1747-1759. [PMID: 38477703 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone that promotes leaf senescence in response to environmental stress. We previously identified methyl CpG-binding domain 10 (MBD10) as a phosphoprotein that becomes differentially phosphorylated after ABA treatment in Arabidopsis. ABA-induced leaf senescence was delayed in mbd10 knockout plants but accelerated in MBD10-overexpressing plants, suggesting that MBD10 positively regulates ABA-induced leaf senescence. ABA-induced phosphorylation of MBD10 occurs in planta on Thr-89, and our results demonstrated that Thr-89 phosphorylation is essential for MBD10's function in leaf senescence. The in vivo phosphorylation of Thr-89 in MBD10 was significantly downregulated in a quadruple mutant of group C MAPKs (mpk1/2/7/14), and group C MAPKs directly phosphorylated MBD10 in vitro. Furthermore, mpk1/2/7/14 showed a similar phenotype as seen in mbd10 for ABA-induced leaf senescence, suggesting that group C MAPKs are the cognate kinases of MBD10 for Thr-89. Because group C MAPKs have been reported to function downstream of SnRK2s, our results indicate that group C MAPKs and MBD10 constitute a regulatory pathway for ABA-induced leaf senescence.
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Grants
- KAKENHI JP21H05654 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- KAKENHI JP22K19170 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- KAKENHI JP23H02497 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- KAKENHI JP23H04192 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20350427 Moonshot Research and Development Program
- JP21J10962 Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangdan Li
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kamiyama
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Fuko Minegishi
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Tamura
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Yamashita
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sotaro Katagiri
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hinano Takase
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Otani
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Tojo
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Gabrielle E Rupp
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211, Missouri, USA
| | - Takamasa Suzuki
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, 487-8501, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naoto Kawakami
- School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, 214-8571, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Scott C Peck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, 65211, Missouri, USA
| | - Taishi Umezawa
- Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Koganei, 184-8588, Tokyo, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, 183-8538, Tokyo, Japan
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Movahedi A, Hwarari D, Dzinyela R, Ni S, Yang L. A close-up of regulatory networks and signaling pathways of MKK5 in biotic and abiotic stresses. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38797669 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2344584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein Kinase Kinase 5 (MKK5) is a central hub in the complex phosphorylation chain reaction of the Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) cascade, regulating plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. This review manuscript aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the regulatory mechanism of the MKK5 involved in stress adaptation. This review will delve into the intricate post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications of the MKK5, discussing how they affect its expression, activity, and subcellular localization in response to stress signals. We also discuss the integration of the MKK5 into complex signaling pathways, orchestrating plant immunity against pathogens and its modulating role in regulating abiotic stresses, such as: drought, cold, heat, and salinity, through the phytohormonal signaling pathways. Furthermore, we highlight potential applications of the MKK5 for engineering stress-resilient crops and provide future perspectives that may pave the way for future studies. This review manuscript aims to provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying MKK5 regulation, bridge the gap from numerous previous findings, and offer a firm base in the knowledge of MKK5, its regulating roles, and its involvement in environmental stress regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Movahedi
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- College of Arts and Sciences, Arlington International University, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - Delight Hwarari
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Raphael Dzinyela
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyi Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Xing K, Zhang J, Xie H, Zhang L, Zhang H, Feng L, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Rong J. Identification and analysis of MAPK cascade gene families of Camellia oleifera and their roles in response to cold stress. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:602. [PMID: 38698158 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09551-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-temperature severely limits the growth and development of Camellia oleifera (C. oleifera). The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade plays a key role in the response to cold stress. METHODS AND RESULTS Our study aims to identify MAPK cascade genes in C. oleifera and reveal their roles in response to cold stress. In our study, we systematically identified and analyzed the MAPK cascade gene families of C. oleifera, including their physical and chemical properties, conserved motifs, and multiple sequence alignments. In addition, we characterized the interacting networks of MAPKK kinase (MAPKKK)-MAPK kinase (MAPKK)-MAPK in C. oleifera. The molecular mechanism of cold stress resistance of MAPK cascade genes in wild C. oleifera was analyzed by differential gene expression and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). CONCLUSION In this study, 21 MAPKs, 4 MAPKKs and 55 MAPKKKs genes were identified in the leaf transcriptome of C. oleifera. According to the phylogenetic results, MAPKs were divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D), MAPKKs were divided into 3 groups (A, B and D), and MAPKKKs were divided into 2 groups (MEKK and Raf). Motif analysis showed that the motifs in each subfamily were conserved, and most of the motifs in the same subfamily were basically the same. The protein interaction network based on Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) homologs revealed that MAPK, MAPKK, and MAPKKK genes were widely involved in C. oleifera growth and development and in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Gene expression analysis revealed that the CoMAPKKK5/CoMAPKKK43/CoMAPKKK49-CoMAPKK4-CoMAPK8 module may play a key role in the cold stress resistance of wild C. oleifera at a high-elevation site in Lu Mountain (LSG). This study can facilitate the mining and utilization of genetic resources of C. oleifera with low-temperature tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifeng Xing
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China.
| | - Haoxing Xie
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Lidong Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Huaxuan Zhang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Liyun Feng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Jun Rong
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecosystem Change and Biodiversity, Center for Watershed Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
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Wang R, Yu M, Zhao X, Xia J, Cang J, Zhang D. Overexpression of TaMPK3 enhances freezing tolerance by increasing the expression of ICE-CBF-COR related genes in the Arabidopsis thaliana. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP23144. [PMID: 38669459 DOI: 10.1071/fp23144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play important roles in plant stress response. As a major member of the MAPK family, MPK3 has been reported to participate in the regulation of chilling stress. However, the regulatory function of wheat (Triticum aestivum ) mitogen-activated protein kinase TaMPK3 in freezing tolerance remains unknown. Dongnongdongmai No.1 (Dn1) is a winter wheat variety with strong freezing tolerance; therefore, it is important to explore the mechanisms underlying this tolerance. In this study, the expression of TaMPK3 in Dn1 was detected under low temperature and hormone treatment. Gene cloning, bioinformatics and subcellular localisation analyses of TaMPK3 in Dn1 were performed. Overexpressed TaMPK3 in Arabidopsis thaliana was obtained, and freezing tolerance phenotype observations, physiological indices and expression levels of ICE-C-repeat binding factor (CBF)-COR -related genes were determined. In addition, the interaction between TaMPK3 and TaICE41 proteins was detected. We found that TaMPK3 expression responds to low temperatures and hormones, and the TaMPK3 protein is localised in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Overexpression of TaMPK3 in Arabidopsis significantly improves freezing tolerance. TaMPK3 interacts with the TaICE41 protein. In conclusion, TaMPK3 is involved in regulating the ICE-CBF-COR cold resistance module through its interaction with TaICE41, thereby improving freezing tolerance in Dn1 wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mengmeng Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jingqiu Xia
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing Cang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Da Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Im JH, Son S, Kim WC, Kim K, Mitsuda N, Ko JH, Han KH. Jasmonate activates secondary cell wall biosynthesis through MYC2-MYB46 module. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 117:1099-1114. [PMID: 37983636 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Formation of secondary cell wall (SCW) is tightly regulated spatiotemporally by various developmental and environmental signals. Successful fine-tuning of the trade-off between SCW biosynthesis and stress responses requires a better understanding of how plant growth is regulated under environmental stress conditions. However, the current understanding of the interplay between environmental signaling and SCW formation is limited. The lipid-derived plant hormone jasmonate (JA) and its derivatives are important signaling components involved in various physiological processes including plant growth, development, and abiotic/biotic stress responses. Recent studies suggest that JA is involved in SCW formation but the signaling pathway has not been studied for how JA regulates SCW formation. We tested this hypothesis using the transcription factor MYB46, a master switch for SCW biosynthesis, and JA treatments. Both the transcript and protein levels of MYB46, a master switch for SCW formation, were significantly increased by JA treatment, resulting in the upregulation of SCW biosynthesis. We then show that this JA-induced upregulation of MYB46 is mediated by MYC2, a central regulator of JA signaling, which binds to the promoter of MYB46. We conclude that this MYC2-MYB46 module is a key component of the plant response to JA in SCW formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hee Im
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
- Department of Science Education, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungmin Son
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Chan Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihwan Kim
- School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Nobutaka Mitsuda
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Jae-Heung Ko
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwan Han
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
- Department of Forestry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, 48824, USA
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10
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Hann CT, Ramage SF, Negi H, Bequette CJ, Vasquez PA, Stratmann JW. Dephosphorylation of the MAP kinases MPK6 and MPK3 fine-tunes responses to wounding and herbivory in Arabidopsis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 339:111962. [PMID: 38103696 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The Arabidopsis MAP Kinases (MAPKs) MPK6 and MPK3 and orthologs in other plants function as major stress signaling hubs. MAPKs are activated by phosphorylation and are negatively regulated by MAPK-inactivating phosphatases (MIPPs), which alter the intensity and duration of MAPK signaling via dephosphorylation. Unlike in other plant species, jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation in Arabidopsis is apparently not MPK6- and MPK3-dependent, so their role in JA-mediated defenses against herbivorous insects is unclear. Here we explore whether changes in MPK6/3 phosphorylation kinetics in Arabidopsis MIPP mutants lead to changes in hormone synthesis and resistance against herbivores. The MIPPs MKP1, DsPTP1, PP2C5, and AP2C1 have been implicated in responses to infection, drought, and osmotic stress, which all impinge on JA-mediated defenses. In loss-of-function mutants, we found that the four MIPPs alter wound-induced MPK6/3 phosphorylation kinetics and affect the accumulation of the defense hormones JA, abscisic acid, and salicylic acid, as compared to wild type plants (Col-0). Moreover, MPK6/3 misregulation in MIPP or MAPK mutant plants resulted in slight changes in the resistance to Trichoplusia ni and Spodoptera exigua larvae as compared to Col-0. Our data indicate that MPK6/3 and the four MIPPs moderately contribute to wound signaling and defense against herbivorous insects in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire T Hann
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Sophia F Ramage
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Harshita Negi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Carlton J Bequette
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Paula A Vasquez
- Department of Mathematics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States
| | - Johannes W Stratmann
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States.
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11
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Kaushik S, Ranjan A, Singh AK, Sirhindi G. Methyl jasmonate reduces cadmium toxicity by enhancing phenol and flavonoid metabolism and activating the antioxidant defense system in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan). CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140681. [PMID: 37951403 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is absorbed by plant roots from soil along with essential nutrients and affects plant growth and productivity. Methyl jasmonate (Me-JA) play important roles to mitigate Cd toxicity in plants. We have investigated the role of Me-JA to ameliorate Cd toxicity in Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan). Plant root growth, biomass, cellular antioxidant defense system and expression of key regulatory genes in molecular and signaling process have been analyzed. Two Cajanus cajan varieties AL-882 and PAU-881 were grown at 25 °C, 16/8h light/dark conditions in three biological replicates at 5 mM Cd concentration, three concentration of Me-JA (0, 10 nM, 100 nM) and two concentrations in combination of Me-JA + Cd (10 nM Me-JA +5 mM Cd, 100 nM Me-JA +5 mM Cd). The seedlings were exposed to Cd stress consequently plants showed decrease in primary root growth (60.71%, in AL-882 and 8.33%, in PAU-881), shoot and root biomass and antioxidant enzymes activities. Me-JA treatment resulted in increased primary root growth (63.64%, in AL-882) and overall plant biomass. Oxidative stress generated due to Cd stress was counter balanced by Me-JA treatment. Me-JA reduced H2O2 free radicals formation and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities and phenolic content in stressed seedlings. Me-JA treatment increased expression of CALM, IP3, CDPK2, MPKs (involved in calcium and kinase signaling pathways) and reduced expression of metal transporters (IRT1 and HMA3) genes. This reduction in metal transporters gene expression is a probable reason for low toxicity effect of Cd in root after Me-JA treatment which has potential implications in reducing the risk of Cd in the food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Kaushik
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India.
| | - Alok Ranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, Patna Women's College, Patna University, Bihar, 800001, India
| | - Anil Kumar Singh
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110012, India.
| | - Geetika Sirhindi
- Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India.
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12
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Chen X, Li Q, Ding L, Zhang S, Shan S, Xiong X, Jiang W, Zhao B, Zhang L, Luo Y, Lian Y, Kong X, Ding X, Zhang J, Li C, Soppe WJJ, Xiang Y. The MKK3-MPK7 cascade phosphorylates ERF4 and promotes its rapid degradation to release seed dormancy in Arabidopsis. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1743-1758. [PMID: 37710960 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Seeds establish dormancy to delay germination until the arrival of a favorable growing season. In this study, we identify a fate switch comprised of the MKK3-MPK7 kinase cascade and the ethylene response factor ERF4 that is responsible for the seed state transition from dormancy to germination. We show that dormancy-breaking factors activate the MKK3-MPK7 module, which affects the expression of some α-EXPANSIN (EXPA) genes to control seed dormancy. Furthermore, we identify a direct downstream substrate of this module, ERF4, which suppresses the expression of these EXPAs by directly binding to the GCC boxes in their exon regions. The activated MKK3-MPK7 module phosphorylates ERF4, leading to its rapid degradation and thereby releasing its inhibitory effect on the expression of these EXPAs. Collectively, our work identifies a signaling chain consisting of protein phosphorylation, degradation, and gene transcription , by which the germination promoters within the embryo sense and are activated by germination signals from ambient conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Qiujia Li
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Ling Ding
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Center for Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Siyao Shan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Xiong Xiong
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Wenhui Jiang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Hou Ji Laboratory in Shanxi Province, Academy of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Ying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yiming Lian
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiuqin Kong
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Xiali Ding
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | - Chunli Li
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| | | | - Yong Xiang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China.
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13
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Yajnik KN, Gupta SRR, Taneja M, Singh IK, Singh A. Deciphering mitogen activated protein kinase pathway activated during insect attack in Nicotiana attenuata. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37811559 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2263795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant yields are compromised due to abiotic and biotic stresses. A crucial biotic stress instigated by insect attack, is a major concern that limits crop production. To overcome the deleterious effect of herbivory, pesticides are used but long-term usage of pesticides can be harmful to the environment and human health. Understanding the plants' inherent defense mechanism by interpreting the interaction pattern of defense-related proteins and signalling components and manipulating them to strengthen defense status, is one of the alternative approaches of green biotechnology. During insect attack, host plants initiate innumerable signalling pathways to activate defense response; Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Pathway is a crucial component of signalling pathway that regulate the expression of downstream defense-related genes. MAPK pathway has three components: MAPKKK, MAPKK and MAPK. Earlier studies have shown participation of SIPK and WIPK (MAPKs) as well as MEK2 (MAPKK) during insect infestation and its association with plant defense. However, information on the third component and elucidation of the complete MAPK pathway are still elusive. Therefore, this study aims to identify the unknown component and decipher MAPK pathway in Nicotiana attenuata involved in plant defense against herbivory by identifying herbivory-inducible MAPKKKs and and their interaction with known partners of the MAPK pathway by docking and MD simulation. The possible pathway was predicted to be MAPKKK Na12134/Na04522-MEK2-SIPK/WIPK. Further, validation of the above interaction by in vitro and in vivo methods is highly recommended.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpesh Nath Yajnik
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- J C Bose Center for Plant Genomics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Shradheya R R Gupta
- Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Mansi Taneja
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Indrakant K Singh
- Molecular Biology Research Lab, Department of Zoology, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Archana Singh
- Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- J C Bose Center for Plant Genomics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
- Delhi School of Climate Change and Sustainability, Institution of Eminence, Maharishi Karnad Bhawan, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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14
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Manna M, Rengasamy B, Sinha AK. Revisiting the role of MAPK signalling pathway in plants and its manipulation for crop improvement. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023. [PMID: 37157977 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is an important signalling event associated with every aspect of plant growth, development, yield, abiotic and biotic stress adaptation. Being a central metabolic pathway, it is a vital target for manipulation for crop improvement. In this review, we have summarised recent advancements in understanding involvement of MAPK signalling in modulating abiotic and biotic stress tolerance, architecture and yield of plants. MAPK signalling cross talks with reactive oxygen species (ROS) and abscisic acid (ABA) signalling events in bringing about abiotic stress adaptation in plants. The intricate involvement of MAPK pathway with plant's pathogen defence ability has also been identified. Further, recent research findings point towards participation of MAPK signalling in shaping plant architecture and yield. These make MAPK pathway an important target for crop improvement and we discuss here various strategies to tweak MAPK signalling components for designing future crops with improved physiology and phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mrinalini Manna
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, India
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15
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Yu MM, Wang R, Xia JQ, Li C, Xu QH, Cang J, Wang YY, Zhang D. JA-induced TaMPK6 enhanced the freeze tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana through regulation of ICE-CBF-COR module and antioxidant enzyme system. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 329:111621. [PMID: 36736462 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play important roles in the stress response of plants. However, the function of MPK proteins in freeze-resistance in wheat remains unclear. Dongnongdongmai No.1 (Dn1) is a winter wheat variety with a strong freezing resistance at extremely low temperature. In this study, we demonstrated that TaMPK6 is induced by JA signaling and is involved in the modulation of Dn1 freeze resistance. Overexpression of TaMPK6 in Arabidopsis increased the survival rate of plant at -10 ℃. The scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expression of cold-responsive genes CBFs and CORs were significantly enhanced in TaMPK6-overexpressed Arabidopsis, suggesting a role of TaMPK6 in activating the ICE-CBF-COR module and antioxidant enzyme system to resist freezing stress. Furthermore, TaMPK6 is localized in the nucleus and TaMPK6 interacts with TaICE41, TaCBF14, and TaMYC2 proteins, the key components in JA signaling and the ICE-CBF-COR pathway. These results suggest that JA-induced TaMPK6 may regulate freezing-resistance in wheat by interacting with the TaICE41, TaCBF14, and TaMYC2 proteins, which in turn enhances the ICE-CBF-COR pathway. Our study revealed the molecular mechanism of TaMPK6 involvement in the cold resistance pathway in winter wheat under cold stress, which provides a basis for enriching the theory of wheat cold resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Meng Yu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing-Qiu Xia
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chang Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qing-Hua Xu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Cang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu-Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China.
| | - Da Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
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16
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Chen L, Song H, Xin J, Dong G, Xu F, Su Y, Yang M, Sun H. Comprehensive genome-wide identification and functional characterization of MAPK cascade gene families in Nelumbo. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 233:123543. [PMID: 36740124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade signaling pathway plays pivotal roles in various plant biological processes. However, systematic study of MAPK cascade gene families is yet to be conducted in lotus. Herein, 198 putative MAPK genes, including 152 MAP3Ks, 15 MKKs, and 31 MPKs genes were identified in Nelumbo. Segmental duplication was identified as the predominant factor driving MAPK cascade gene family expansion in lotus. MAPK cascade genes in N. nucifera and N. lutea shared high degree of sequence homologies, with 84, 9, and 19 homologous MAP3K, MKK, and MPK gene pairs being detected between the two species, respectively, with most genes predominantly undergoing purifying selection. Gene expression profiling indicated that NnMAPK cascade genes were extensively involved in plant development and submergence stress response. Co-expression analysis revealed potential interaction between transcription factors (TFs) and NnMAPK cascade genes in various biological processes. NnMKK showed predicted interactions with multiple NnMAP3K or NnMPK proteins, which suggested that functional diversity of MAPK cascade genes could be as a result of their complex protein interaction mechanisms. This first systematic analysis of MAPK cascade families in lotus provides deeper insights into their evolutionary dynamics and functional properties, which potentially could be crucial for lotus genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Applied Biotechnology Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China
| | - Heyun Song
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia Xin
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | | | - Fei Xu
- Applied Biotechnology Center, Wuhan University of Bioengineering, Wuhan 430415, China
| | - Yanyan Su
- Amway (China) Botanical R&D Centre, Wuxi, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
| | - Heng Sun
- Aquatic Plant Research Center, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Wetland Evolution and Ecological Restoration, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
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17
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Yue P, Jiang Z, Sun Q, Wei R, Yin Y, Xie Z, Larkin RM, Ye J, Chai L, Deng X. Jasmonate activates a CsMPK6-CsMYC2 module that regulates the expression of β-citraurin biosynthetic genes and fruit coloration in orange (Citrus sinensis). THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1167-1185. [PMID: 36530163 PMCID: PMC10052374 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are natural pigments that influence the color of citrus fruit. The red-colored carotenoid β-citraurin is responsible for the peel color in "Newhall" orange (Citrus sinensis). Although jasmonates are known to regulate the biosynthesis and accumulation of carotenoids, their effects on β-citraurin biosynthesis in citrus fruit remain unclear. Here, we determined that treatment with methyl jasmonate (MeJA) significantly promotes fruit coloration and β-citraurin production in "Newhall" orange. A MeJA treatment induced the expression of CsMYC2, which encodes a transcription factor that serves as a master regulator of jasmonate responses. CsMYC2 bound the promoter of the gene that encodes carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 4b (CsCCD4b), the key gene for β-citraurin biosynthesis, and the promoters of genes that encode phytoene synthase (CsPSY), lycopene β-cyclase (CsLCYb), and β-carotene hydroxylase (CsBCH) and induced their expression. In addition, CsMYC2 promoted CsMPK6 expression. Notably, we found that CsMPK6 interacted with CsMYC2 and that this interaction decreased the stability and DNA-binding activity of CsMYC2. Thus, we conclude that negative feedback regulation attenuates JA signaling during the jasmonate-induced coloration of citrus fruit. Together, our findings indicate that jasmonates induce β-citraurin biosynthesis in citrus by activating a CsMPK6-CsMYC2 cascade, thereby affecting fruit coloration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhenghua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Quan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Ranran Wei
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yingzi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Zongzhou Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Robert M Larkin
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Junli Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Lijun Chai
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology of MOE (Ministry of Education), Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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18
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Wang L, Xu G, Li L, Ruan M, Bennion A, Wang GL, Li R, Qu S. The OsBDR1-MPK3 module negatively regulates blast resistance by suppressing the jasmonate signaling and terpenoid biosynthesis pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2211102120. [PMID: 36952381 PMCID: PMC10068787 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2211102120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor-like kinases (RLKs) may initiate signaling pathways by perceiving and transmitting environmental signals to cellular machinery and play diverse roles in plant development and stress responses. The rice genome encodes more than one thousand RLKs, but only a small number have been characterized as receptors for phytohormones, polypeptides, elicitors, and effectors. Here, we screened the function of 11 RLKs in rice resistance to the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae (M. oryzae) and identified a negative regulator named BDR1 (Blast Disease Resistance 1). The expression of BDR1 was rapidly increased under M. oryzae infection, while silencing or knockout of BDR1 significantly enhanced M. oryzae resistance in two rice varieties. Protein interaction and kinase activity assays indicated that BDR1 directly interacted with and phosphorylated mitogen-activated kinase 3 (MPK3). Knockout of BDR1 compromised M. oryzae-induced MPK3 phosphorylation levels. Moreover, transcriptome analysis revealed that M. oryzae-elicited jasmonate (JA) signaling and terpenoid biosynthesis pathway were negatively regulated by BDR1 and MPK3. Mutation of JA biosynthetic (allene oxide cyclase (AOC)/signaling (MYC2) genes decreased rice resistance to M. oryzae. Besides diterpenoid, the monoterpene linalool and the sesquiterpene caryophyllene were identified as unique defensive compounds against M. oryzae, and their biosynthesis genes (TPS3 and TPS29) were transcriptionally regulated by JA signaling and suppressed by BDR1 and MPK3. These findings demonstrate the existence of a BDR1-MPK3 cascade that negatively mediates rice blast resistance by affecting JA-related defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Wang
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 310021Hangzhou, China
| | - Guojuan Xu
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 310021Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100193Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 310021Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiying Ruan
- Institute of Vegetables, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,310021Hangzhou, China
| | - Anne Bennion
- SynMikro Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps University Marburg, 35032Marburg, Germany
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, 43210Columbus, OH
| | - Ran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaohong Qu
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 310021Hangzhou, China
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19
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Li Y, Cao H, Dong T, Wang X, Ma L, Li K, Lou H, Song CP, Ren D. Phosphorylation of the LCB1 subunit of Arabidopsis serine palmitoyltransferase stimulates its activity and modulates sphingolipid biosynthesis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36738228 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are the structural components of membrane lipid bilayers and act as signaling molecules in many cellular processes. Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) is the first committed and rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo sphingolipids biosynthetic pathway. The core SPT enzyme is a heterodimer consisting of LONG-CHAIN BASE1 (LCB1) and LCB2 subunits. SPT activity is inhibited by orosomucoid proteins and stimulated by small subunits of SPT (ssSPTs). However, whether LCB1 is modified and how such modification might regulate SPT activity have to date been unclear. Here, we show that activation of MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3 (MPK3) and MPK6 by upstream MKK9 and treatment with Flg22 (a pathogen-associated molecular pattern) increases SPT activity and induces the accumulation of sphingosine long-chain base t18:0 in Arabidopsis thaliana, with activated MPK3 and MPK6 phosphorylating AtLCB1. Phosphorylation of AtLCB1 strengthened its binding with AtLCB2b, promoted its binding with ssSPTs, and stimulated the formation of higher order oligomeric and active SPT complexes. Our findings therefore suggest a novel regulatory mechanism for SPT activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hanwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tingting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaoke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Liang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Kun Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Henan Province. Institute of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Huiqiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Agro-Biotechnology and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chun-Peng Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Henan Province. Institute of Plant Stress Biology, School of Life Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Dongtao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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20
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Yi R, Shan X. Post-translational modifications: emerging regulators manipulating jasmonate biosynthesis and signaling. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:215-222. [PMID: 36436084 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02948-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonate (JA) is one of the key phytohormones essential for plant development and defense processes. The core JA biosynthetic and signaling pathways have been well-characterized. Notably, post-translational modifications (PTMs), which affect the protein structures and functions, have emerged as critical mechanisms to modulate JA output at different spatiotemporal levels. Disruption of PTMs in JA biosynthesis and signaling would cause the dysfunction of vital biological processes. Here, we give an overview of the PTMs that have been identified in JA biosynthetic and signaling pathways, and provide insights into the mechanisms by which PTMs define JA responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Yi
- College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyi Shan
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Science, and MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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21
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Ojha M, Verma D, Chakraborty N, Pal A, Bhagat PK, Singh A, Verma N, Sinha AK, Chattopadhyay S. MKKK20 works as an upstream triple-kinase of MKK3-MPK6-MYC2 module in Arabidopsis seedling development. iScience 2023; 26:106049. [PMID: 36818282 PMCID: PMC9929681 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade is involved in several signal transduction processes in eukaryotes. Here, we report a mechanistic function of MAP kinase kinase kinase 20 (MKKK20) in light signal transduction pathways. We show that MKKK20 acts as a negative regulator of photomorphogenic growth at various wavelengths of light. MKKK20 not only regulates the expression of light signaling pathway regulatory genes but also gets regulated by the same pathway genes. The atmyc2 mkkk20 double mutant analysis shows that MYC2 works downstream to MKKK20 in the regulation of photomorphogenic growth. MYC2 directly binds to the promoter of MKKK20 to modulate its expression. The protein-protein interaction study indicates that MKKK20 physically interacts with MYC2, and this interaction likely suppresses the MYC2-mediated promotion of MKKK20 expression. Further, the protein phosphorylation studies demonstrate that MKKK20 works as the upstream kinase of MKK3-MPK6-MYC2 module in photomorphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Ojha
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Deepanjali Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Nibedita Chakraborty
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Abhideep Pal
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Bhagat
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Anshuman Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
| | - Neetu Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India,Corresponding author
| | - Sudip Chattopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Durgapur 713209, India
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22
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Assessment of the Molecular Responses of an Ancient Angiosperm against Atypical Insect Oviposition: The Case of Hass Avocados and the Tephritid Fly Anastrepha ludens. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032060. [PMID: 36768387 PMCID: PMC9916504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) infestations cause significant economic losses in commercial fruit production worldwide. However, some plants quickly counteract the insertion of eggs by females by generating neoplasia and hindering eclosion, as is the case for Persea americana Mill., cv. Hass (Hass avocados). We followed a combined transcriptomics/metabolomics approach to identify the molecular mechanisms triggered by Hass avocados to detect and react to the oviposition of the pestiferous Anastrepha ludens (Loew). We evaluated two conditions: fruit damaged using a sterile pin (pin) and fruit oviposited by A. ludens females (ovi). We evaluated both of the conditions in a time course experiment covering five sampling points: without treatment (day 0), 20 min after the treatment (day 1), and days 3, 6, and 9 after the treatment. We identified 288 differentially expressed genes related to the treatments. Oviposition (and possibly bacteria on the eggs' surface) induces a plant hypersensitive response (HR), triggering a chitin receptor, producing an oxidative burst, and synthesizing phytoalexins. We also observed a process of cell wall modification and polyphenols biosynthesis, which could lead to polymerization in the neoplastic tissue surrounding the eggs.
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23
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Hu S, Yu K, Yan J, Shan X, Xie D. Jasmonate perception: Ligand-receptor interaction, regulation, and evolution. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:23-42. [PMID: 36056561 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones integrate external environmental and developmental signals with internal cellular responses for plant survival and multiplication in changing surroundings. Jasmonate (JA), which might originate from prokaryotes and benefit plant terrestrial adaptation, is a vital phytohormone that regulates diverse developmental processes and defense responses against various environmental stresses. In this review, we first provide an overview of ligand-receptor binding techniques used for the characterization of phytohormone-receptor interactions, then introduce the identification of the receptor COI1 and active JA molecules, and finally summarize recent advances on the regulation of JA perception and its evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Hu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Kaiming Yu
- Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jianbin Yan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518124, China; Kunpeng Institute of Modern Agriculture at Foshan, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Foshan 528200, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Shan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Daoxin Xie
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinformatics, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Peking University-Tsinghua University-National Institute of Biological Sciences Joint Graduate Program, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
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24
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Chang CH, Wang WG, Su PY, Chen YS, Nguyen TP, Xu J, Ohme-Takagi M, Mimura T, Hou PF, Huang HJ. The involvement of AtMKK1 and AtMKK3 in plant-deleterious microbial volatile compounds-induced defense responses. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 111:21-36. [PMID: 36109466 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01308-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant-deleterious microbial volatiles activate the transactivation of hypoxia, MAMPs and wound responsive genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. AtMKK1 and AtMKK3 are involved in the plant-deleterious microbial volatiles-induced defense responses. Microbial volatile compounds (mVCs) are a collection of volatile metabolites from microorganisms with biological effects on all living organisms. mVCs function as gaseous modulators of plant growth and plant health. In this study, the defense events induced by plant-deleterious mVCs were investigated. Enterobacter aerogenes VCs lead to growth inhibition and immune responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. E. aerogenes VCs negatively regulate auxin response and transport gene expression in the root tip, as evidenced by decreased expression of DR5::GFP, PIN3::PIN3-GFP and PIN4::PIN4-GFP. Data from transcriptional analysis suggests that E. aerogenes VCs trigger hypoxia response, innate immune responses and metabolic processes. In addition, the transcript levels of the genes involved in the synthetic pathways of antimicrobial metabolites camalexin and coumarin are increased after the E. aerogenes VCs exposure. Moreover, we demonstrate that MKK1 serves as a regulator of camalexin biosynthesis gene expression in response to E. aerogenes VCs, while MKK3 is the regulator of coumarin biosynthesis gene expression. Additionally, MKK1 and MKK3 mediate the E. aerogenes VCs-induced callose deposition. Collectively, these studies provide molecular insights into immune responses by plant-deleterious mVCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Han Chang
- Graduate Program in Translational Agricultural Sciences, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Guei Wang
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Su
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shuo Chen
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tri-Phuong Nguyen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Plant Systems Physiology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Masaru Ohme-Takagi
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tetsuro Mimura
- Graduate Program in Translational Agricultural Sciences, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Fu Hou
- Kaohsiung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jen Huang
- Graduate Program in Translational Agricultural Sciences, National Cheng Kung University and Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and Microbiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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25
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Zhu J, Wang WS, Yan DW, Hong LW, Li TT, Gao X, Yang YH, Ren F, Lu YT, Yuan TT. CK2 promotes jasmonic acid signaling response by phosphorylating MYC2 in Arabidopsis. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 51:619-630. [PMID: 36546827 PMCID: PMC9881174 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling plays a pivotal role in plant development and defense. MYC2 is a master transcription factor in JA signaling, and was found to be phosphorylated and negatively regulated by MAP kinase and receptor-like kinase. However, the kinases that positively regulate MYC2 through phosphorylation and promote MYC2-mediated activation of JA response have not been identified. Here, we identified CK2 as a kinase that phosphorylates MYC2 and thus regulates the JA signaling. CK2 holoenzyme can interact with MYC2 using its regulatory subunits and phosphorylate MYC2 at multiple sites with its catalytic subunits. Inhibition of CK2 activity in a dominant-negative plant line, CK2mut, repressed JA response. On the other hand, increasing CK2 activity by overexpression of CKB4, a regulatory subunit gene of CK2, enhanced JA response in a MYC2-dependent manner. Substitution of the Ser and Thr residues at phosphorylation sites of MYC2 by CK2 with Ala impaired MYC2 function in activating JA response. Further investigations evidenced that CK2 facilitated the JA-induced increase of MYC2 binding to the promoters of JA-responsive genes in vivo. Our study demonstrated that CK2 plays a positive role in JA signaling, and reveals a previously undiscovered mechanism that regulates MYC2 function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Da-Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li-Wei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yun-Huang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Feng Ren
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Ying-Tang Lu
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Ying-Tang Lu. Tel: +86 27 68752619; Fax: +86 27 68753551;
| | - Ting-Ting Yuan
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +86 27 68752619; Fax: +86 27 68753551;
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26
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Cao XY, Zhao Q, Sun YN, Yu MX, Liu F, Zhang Z, Jia ZH, Song SS. Cellular messengers involved in the inhibition of the Arabidopsis primary root growth by bacterial quorum-sensing signal N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:488. [PMID: 36229795 PMCID: PMC9563914 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are used as quorum-sensing signals by Gram-negative bacteria, but they can also affect plant growth and disease resistance. N-decanoyl-L-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL) is an AHL that has been shown to inhibit primary root growth in Arabidopsis, but the mechanisms underlying its effects on root architecture are unclear. Here, we investigated the signaling components involved in C10-HSL-mediated inhibition of primary root growth in Arabidopsis, and their interplay, using pharmacological, physiological, and genetic approaches. RESULTS Treatment with C10-HSL triggered a transient and immediate increase in the concentrations of cytosolic free Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS), increased the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 (MPK6), and induced nitric oxide (NO) production in Arabidopsis roots. Inhibitors of Ca2+ channels significantly alleviated the inhibitory effect of C10-HSL on primary root growth and reduced the amounts of ROS and NO generated in response to C10-HSL. Inhibition or scavenging of ROS and NO neutralized the inhibitory effect of C10-HSL on primary root growth. In terms of primary root growth, the respiratory burst oxidase homolog mutants and a NO synthase mutant were less sensitive to C10-HSL than wild type. Activation of MPKs, especially MPK6, was required for C10-HSL to inhibit primary root growth. The mpk6 mutant showed reduced sensitivity of primary root growth to C10-HSL, suggesting that MPK6 plays a key role in the inhibition of primary root growth by C10-HSL. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that MPK6 acts downstream of ROS and upstream of NO in the response to C10-HSL. Our data also suggest that Ca2+, ROS, MPK6, and NO are all involved in the response to C10-HSL, and may participate in the cascade leading to C10-HSL-inhibited primary root growth in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Cao
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th, South Street of Friendship, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th, South Street of Friendship, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ya-Na Sun
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, 180th East Road of Wusi, Baoding, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Yu
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th, South Street of Friendship, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th, South Street of Friendship, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th, South Street of Friendship, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Jia
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th, South Street of Friendship, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shui-Shan Song
- Biology Institute, Hebei Academy of Sciences, 46th, South Street of Friendship, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Engineering and Technology Center of Microbiological Control on Main Crop Disease, 46th South Street of Friendship, Shijiazhuang, China.
- Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Environmental Adaptation, 20 East NanErhuan Road, Shijiazhuang, China.
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27
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Wang T, Liu M, Wu Y, Tian Y, Han Y, Liu C, Hao J, Fan S. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of MAPK Gene Family in Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.) and Functional Analysis of LsMAPK4 in High- Temperature-Induced Bolting. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11129. [PMID: 36232436 PMCID: PMC9569992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a widely distributed signaling cascade in eukaryotes and is involved in regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses. High temperature, a frequently occurring environmental stressor, causes premature bolting in lettuce with quality decline and yield loss. However, whether MAPKs play roles in thermally induced bolting remains poorly understood. In this study, 17 LsMAPK family members were identified from the lettuce genome. The physical and chemical properties, subcellular localization, chromosome localization, phylogeny, gene structure, family evolution, cis-acting elements, and phosphorylation sites of the LsMAPK gene family were evaluated via in silico analysis. According to phylogenetic relationships, LsMAPKs can be divided into four groups, A, B, C, and D, which is supported by analyses of gene structure and conserved domains. The collinearity analysis showed that there were 5 collinearity pairs among LsMAPKs, 8 with AtMAPKs, and 13 with SlMAPKs. The predicted cis-acting elements and potential phosphorylation sites were closely associated with hormones, stress resistance, growth, and development. Expression analysis showed that most LsMAPKs respond to high temperatures, among which LsMAPK4 is significantly and continuously upregulated upon heat treatments. Under heat stress, the stem length of the LsMAPK4-knockdown lines was significantly shorter than that of the control plants, and the microscope observations demonstrated that the differentiation time of flower buds at the stem apex was delayed accordingly. Therefore, silencing of LsMAPK4 significantly inhibited the high- temperature-accelerated bolting in lettuce, indicating that LsMPAK4 might be a potential regulator of lettuce bolting. This study provides a theoretical basis for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the MAPK genes in high-temperature-induced bolting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jinhong Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shuangxi Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, Plant Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
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28
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Sun T, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Li X, Li M, Yang Y, Zhou J, Wei Q, Zhou B. Exogenous application of acetic acid enhances drought tolerance by influencing the MAPK signaling pathway induced by ABA and JA in apple plants. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1827-1840. [PMID: 35323984 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The external application of acetic acid (AA) has been shown to improve drought survival in plants, such as Arabidopsis, rice, maize, wheat, rapeseed and cassava, and the application of AA also increased drought tolerance in perennial woody apple (Malus domestica) plants. An understanding of AA-induced drought tolerance in apple plants at the molecular level will contribute to the development of technology that can be used to enhance drought tolerance. In this study, the morphological, physiological and transcriptomic responses to drought stress were analyzed in apple plants after watering without AA (CK), watering with AA (AA), drought treatment (D) and drought treatment with AA (DA). The results suggested that the AA-treated apple plants had a higher tolerance to drought than water-treated plants. Higher levels of chlorophyll and carotenoids were found under the DA conditions than under D stress. The levels of abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA) and methyl jasmonate were increased in AA-treated apple plants. Transcriptomic profiling indicated the key biological pathways involved in metabolic processes, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, plant hormone signal transduction and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in response to different drought conditions. The 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, (9S,13S)-cis-oxophytodienoic acid reductase, allene oxide synthase, allene oxide cyclase and lipoxygenase genes participate in the synthase of ABA and JA under drought and AA treatments. Collectively, the results showed that external application of AA enhanced drought tolerance in apple plants by influencing the ABA- and JA-induced MAPK signaling pathways. These data indicated that the application of AA in plants is beneficial for enhancing drought tolerance and decreasing growth inhibition in agricultural fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Sun
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Junke Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Xingliang Li
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Minji Li
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yuzhang Yang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qinping Wei
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Beibei Zhou
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Deciduous Fruit Trees, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100093, China
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Wang J, Sun Z, Chen C, Xu M. The MKK2a Gene Involved in the MAPK Signaling Cascades Enhances Populus Salt Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231710185. [PMID: 36077589 PMCID: PMC9456161 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231710185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are highly conserved signal transduction modules, which transmit environmental signals in plant cells through stepwise phosphorylation and play indispensable roles in a wide range of physiological and biochemical processes. Here, we isolated and characterized a gene encoding MKK2 protein from poplar through the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length PeMKK2a gene was 1571 bp, including a 1068 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 355 amino acids, and the putative PeMKK2a protein belongs to the PKc_like (protein kinase domain) family (70–336 amino acids) in the PKc_MAPKK_plant subfamily and contains 62 sites of possible phosphorylation and two conserved domains, DLK and S/T-xxxxx-S/T. Detailed information about its gene structure, sequence similarities, subcellular localization, and transcript profiles under salt-stress conditions was revealed. Transgenic poplar lines overexpressing PeMKK2a exhibited higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) than non-transgenic poplar under salt stress conditions. These results will provide insight into the roles of MAPK signaling cascades in poplar response to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Meng Xu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-150-9430-7586
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30
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Yang Y, Chen T, Dai X, Yang D, Wu Y, Chen H, Zheng Y, Zhi Q, Wan X, Tan X. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed molecular mechanisms of peanut leaves responding to Ralstonia solanacearum and its type III secretion system mutant. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:998817. [PMID: 36090119 PMCID: PMC9453164 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.998817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a serious soil-borne disease that limits peanut production and quality, but the molecular mechanisms of the peanut response to R. solanacearum remain unclear. In this study, we reported the first work analyzing the transcriptomic changes of the resistant and susceptible peanut leaves infected with R. solanacearum HA4-1 and its type III secretion system mutant strains by the cutting leaf method at different timepoints (0, 24, 36, and 72 h post inoculation). A total of 125,978 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and subsequently classified into six groups to analyze, including resistance-response genes, susceptibility-response genes, PAMPs induced resistance-response genes, PAMPs induced susceptibility-response genes, T3Es induced resistance-response genes, and T3Es induced susceptibility-response genes. KEGG enrichment analyses of these DEGs showed that plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction, and MAPK signaling pathway were the outstanding pathways. Further analysis revealed that CMLs/CDPKs-WRKY module, MEKK1-MKK2-MPK3 cascade, and auxin signaling played important roles in the peanut response to R. solanacearum. Upon R. solanacearum infection (RSI), three early molecular events were possibly induced in peanuts, including Ca2+ activating CMLs/CDPKs-WRKY module to regulate the expression of resistance/susceptibility-related genes, auxin signaling was induced by AUX/IAA-ARF module to activate auxin-responsive genes that contribute to susceptibility, and MEKK1-MKK2-MPK3-WRKYs was activated by phosphorylation to induce the expression of resistance/susceptibility-related genes. Our research provides new ideas and abundant data resources to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the peanut response to R. solanacearum and to further improve the bacterial wilt resistance of peanuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Dai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushuang Wu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huilan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology (HZAU), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yixiong Zheng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingqing Zhi
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Wan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaorong Wan,
| | - Xiaodan Tan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Crop Germplasm Resources, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Xiaodan Tan,
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Wu C, Zhang X, Cui Z, Gou J, Zhang B, Sun X, Xu N. Patatin-like phospholipase A-induced alterations in lipid metabolism and jasmonic acid production affect the heat tolerance of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 179:105688. [PMID: 35759824 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High temperatures seriously limit the growth and productivity of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. By hydrolyzing glycerolipids into lysophospholipids (LPs) and free fatty acids (FFAs), patatin-like phospholipase A (pPLA) plays an important role in stress responses. GlpPLA expression was up-regulated under heat stress, however, the regulation of pPLA in heat tolerance of G. lemaneiformis is unknown. In this study, G. lemaneiformis under heat stress was treated with bromoenololide (BEL), a chemical inhibitor of pPLA, to evaluate the cellular function of pPLA in this species. When pPLA was inhibited through BEL treatment, the sensitivity of G. lemaneiformis to heat stress increased and the biomass and maximum and effective quantum yield of photosystem II decreased. Moreover, BEL treatment resulted in a significant decrease in many lipid molecular species, all of which are mainly composed of 16C, 18C, and 20C fatty acids. Consistently, FFA levels and LPs contents in G. lemaneiformis under BEL treatment showed a significant decrease. The first step in the synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) is the lipoxygenase (LOX)-mediated oxygenation of linolenic acid (C18:3). BEL treatment decreased JA and C18:3 accumulation and markedly downregulated the expression of GILOX under heat stress. Together, these results indicate that pPLA is closely related to the growth of G. lemaneiformis under heat stress, and pPLA is involved in the lipid metabolism and JA biosynthesis of G. lemaneiformis in response to heat stress. This research broadens the understanding of the heat stress adaptation mechanism of G. lemaneiformis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhenhao Cui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhao Gou
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Nianjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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Sun Y, Yang H, Li J. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Response Mechanism of Frl-Mediated Resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) Infection in Tomato. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137078. [PMID: 35806084 PMCID: PMC9267026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato Fusarium crown and root rot (FCRR) is an extremely destructive soil-borne disease. To date, studies have shown that only plants with tomato mosaic virus (TMV) resistance exhibit similar resistance to tomato Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) and have identified a single relevant gene, Frl, in Peruvian tomato. Due to the relative lack of research on FCRR disease-resistance genes in China and elsewhere, transcriptome data for FORL-resistant (cv. ‘19912’) and FORL-susceptible (cv. ‘Moneymaker’) tomato cultivars were analysed for the first time in this study. The number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was higher in Moneymaker than in 19912, and 189 DEGs in the ‘plant–pathogen interaction’ pathway were subjected to GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. MAPK and WRKY genes were enriched in major metabolic pathways related to plant disease resistance; thus, we focused on these two gene families. In the early stage of tomato infection, the content of JA and SA increased, but the change in JA was more obvious. Fourteen genes were selected for confirmation of their differential expression levels by qRT-PCR. This study provides a series of novel disease resistance resources for tomato breeding and genetic resources for screening and cloning FORL resistance genes.
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Khan A, Khan V, Pandey K, Sopory SK, Sanan-Mishra N. Thermo-Priming Mediated Cellular Networks for Abiotic Stress Management in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:866409. [PMID: 35646001 PMCID: PMC9136941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.866409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Plants can adapt to different environmental conditions and can survive even under very harsh conditions. They have developed elaborate networks of receptors and signaling components, which modulate their biochemistry and physiology by regulating the genetic information. Plants also have the abilities to transmit information between their different parts to ensure a holistic response to any adverse environmental challenge. One such phenomenon that has received greater attention in recent years is called stress priming. Any milder exposure to stress is used by plants to prime themselves by modifying various cellular and molecular parameters. These changes seem to stay as memory and prepare the plants to better tolerate subsequent exposure to severe stress. In this review, we have discussed the various ways in which plants can be primed and illustrate the biochemical and molecular changes, including chromatin modification leading to stress memory, with major focus on thermo-priming. Alteration in various hormones and their subsequent role during and after priming under various stress conditions imposed by changing climate conditions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Neeti Sanan-Mishra
- Plant RNAi Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
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Wang Y, Botella JR. Heterotrimeric G Protein Signaling in Abiotic Stress. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11070876. [PMID: 35406855 PMCID: PMC9002505 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As sessile organisms, plants exhibit extraordinary plasticity and have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to adapt and mitigate the adverse effects of environmental fluctuations. Heterotrimeric G proteins (G proteins), composed of α, β, and γ subunits, are universal signaling molecules mediating the response to a myriad of internal and external signals. Numerous studies have identified G proteins as essential components of the organismal response to stress, leading to adaptation and ultimately survival in plants and animal systems. In plants, G proteins control multiple signaling pathways regulating the response to drought, salt, cold, and heat stresses. G proteins signal through two functional modules, the Gα subunit and the Gβγ dimer, each of which can start either independent or interdependent signaling pathways. Improving the understanding of the role of G proteins in stress reactions can lead to the development of more resilient crops through traditional breeding or biotechnological methods, ensuring global food security. In this review, we summarize and discuss the current knowledge on the roles of the different G protein subunits in response to abiotic stress and suggest future directions for research.
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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Substrate Identification in Plant Growth and Development. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052744. [PMID: 35269886 PMCID: PMC8911294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) form tightly controlled signaling cascades that play essential roles in plant growth, development, and defense response. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MAPK cascades are still very elusive, largely because of our poor understanding of how they relay the signals. The MAPK cascade is composed of MAPK, MAPKK, and MAPKKK. They transfer signals through the phosphorylation of MAPKKK, MAPKK, and MAPK in turn. MAPKs are organized into a complex network for efficient transmission of specific stimuli. This review summarizes the research progress in recent years on the classification and functions of MAPK cascades under various conditions in plants, especially the research status and general methods available for identifying MAPK substrates, and provides suggestions for future research directions.
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BnaA03.MKK5-BnaA06.MPK3/BnaC03.MPK3 Module Positively Contributes to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Resistance in Brassica napus. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11050609. [PMID: 35270079 PMCID: PMC8912397 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Brassica napus (oilseed rape) is one of the most important oil crops worldwide, but its growth is seriously threatened by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The mechanism of oilseed rape response to this pathogen has rarely been studied. Here, it was identified that BnaA03.MKK5 whose expression was induced by S. sclerotiorum infection was involved in plant immunity. BnaA03.MKK5 overexpression lines exhibited decreased disease symptoms compared to wild-type plants, accompanied by the increased expression of camalexin-biosynthesis-related genes, including BnPAD3 and BnCYP71A13. In addition, two copies of BnMPK3 (BnA06.MPK3 and BnC03.MPK3) were induced by Sclerotinia incubation, and BnaA03.MKK5 interacted with BnaA06.MPK3/BnaC03.MPK3 in yeast. These interactions were confirmed using in vivo co-immunoprecipitation assays. In vitro phosphorylation assays showed that BnaA06.MPK3 and BnaC03.MPK3 were the direct phosphorylation substrates of BnaA03.MKK5. The transgenic oilseed rape plants including BnaA06.MPK3 and BnaC03.MPK3 overexpression lines and BnMPK3 gene editing lines mediated by CRISPR/Cas9 were generated; the results of the genetic transformation of BnaA06.MPK3/BnaC03.MPK3 indicate that BnMPK3 also has a positive role in Sclerotinia resistance. This study provides information about the potential mechanism of B. napus defense against S. Sclerotiorum mediated by a detailed BnaA03.MKK5-BnaA06.MPK3/BnaC03.MPK3 module.
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Gene Co-Expression Analysis Reveals Transcriptome Divergence between Wild and Cultivated Sugarcane under Drought Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23010569. [PMID: 35008994 PMCID: PMC8745624 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is the main abiotic stress that constrains sugarcane growth and production. To understand the molecular mechanisms that govern drought stress, we performed a comprehensive comparative analysis of physiological changes and transcriptome dynamics related to drought stress of highly drought-resistant (ROC22, cultivated genotype) and weakly drought-resistant (Badila, wild genotype) sugarcane, in a time-course experiment (0 h, 4 h, 8 h, 16 h and 32 h). Physiological examination reviewed that ROC22, which shows superior drought tolerance relative to Badila, has high performance photosynthesis and better anti-oxidation defenses under drought conditions. The time series dataset enabled the identification of important hubs and connections of gene expression networks. We identified 36,956 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to drought stress. Of these, 15,871 DEGs were shared by the two genotypes, and 16,662 and 4423 DEGs were unique to ROC22 and Badila, respectively. Abscisic acid (ABA)-activated signaling pathway, response to water deprivation, response to salt stress and photosynthesis-related processes showed significant enrichment in the two genotypes under drought stress. At 4 h of drought stress, ROC22 had earlier stress signal transduction and specific up-regulation of the processes response to ABA, L-proline biosynthesis and MAPK signaling pathway–plant than Badila. WGCNA analysis used to compile a gene regulatory network for ROC22 and Badila leaves exposed to drought stress revealed important candidate genes, including several classical transcription factors: NAC87, JAMYB, bHLH84, NAC21/22, HOX24 and MYB102, which are related to some antioxidants and trehalose, and other genes. These results provide new insights and resources for future research and cultivation of drought-tolerant sugarcane varieties.
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Hu J, Ren B, Dong S, Liu P, Zhao B, Zhang J. 6-Benzyladenine increasing subsequent waterlogging-induced waterlogging tolerance of summer maize by increasing hormone signal transduction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2021; 1509:89-112. [PMID: 34766352 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Summer maize is frequently subjected to waterlogging damage because of increased and variable rainfall during the growing season. The application of 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) can effectively mitigate the waterlogging effects on plant growth and increase the grain yield of waterlogged summer maize. However, the mechanisms underlying this process and the involvement of 6-BA in relevant signal transduction pathways remain unclear. In this study, we explored the effects of 6-BA on waterlogged summer maize using a phosphoproteomic technique to better understand the mechanism by which summer maize growth improves following waterlogging. Application of 6-BA inhibited the waterlogging-induced increase in abscisic acid (ABA) content and increased the phosphorylation levels of proteins involved in ABA signaling; accordingly, stomatal responsiveness to exogenous ABA increased. In addition, the application of 6-BA had a long-term effect on signal transduction pathways and contributed to rapid responses to subsequent stresses. Plants primed with 6-BA accumulated more ethylene and jasmonic acid in response to subsequent waterlogging; accordingly, leaf SPAD, antioxidase activity, and root traits improved by 6-BA priming. These results suggest that the effects of 6-BA on hormone signal transduction pathways are anamnestic, which enables plants to show faster or stronger defense responses to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Baizhao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shuting Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jiwang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology and College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, PR China
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Kalapos B, Juhász C, Balogh E, Kocsy G, Tóbiás I, Gullner G. Transcriptome profiling of pepper leaves by RNA-Seq during an incompatible and a compatible pepper-tobamovirus interaction. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20680. [PMID: 34667194 PMCID: PMC8526828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00002-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Upon virus infections, the rapid and comprehensive transcriptional reprogramming in host plant cells is critical to ward off virus attack. To uncover genes and defense pathways that are associated with virus resistance, we carried out the transcriptome-wide Illumina RNA-Seq analysis of pepper leaves harboring the L3 resistance gene at 4, 8, 24 and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi) with two tobamoviruses. Obuda pepper virus (ObPV) inoculation led to hypersensitive reaction (incompatible interaction), while Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) inoculation resulted in a systemic infection without visible symptoms (compatible interaction). ObPV induced robust changes in the pepper transcriptome, whereas PMMoV showed much weaker effects. ObPV markedly suppressed genes related to photosynthesis, carbon fixation and photorespiration. On the other hand, genes associated with energy producing pathways, immune receptors, signaling cascades, transcription factors, pathogenesis-related proteins, enzymes of terpenoid biosynthesis and ethylene metabolism as well as glutathione S-transferases were markedly activated by ObPV. Genes related to photosynthesis and carbon fixation were slightly suppressed also by PMMoV. However, PMMoV did not influence significantly the disease signaling and defense pathways. RNA-Seq results were validated by real-time qPCR for ten pepper genes. Our findings provide a deeper insight into defense mechanisms underlying tobamovirus resistance in pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balázs Kalapos
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Brunszvik utca 2, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Csilla Juhász
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary
| | - Eszter Balogh
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Brunszvik utca 2, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - Gábor Kocsy
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Brunszvik utca 2, Martonvásár, 2462, Hungary
| | - István Tóbiás
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary
| | - Gábor Gullner
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Eötvös Lóránt Research Network (ELKH), Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary.
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Fan X, Zhou X, Chen H, Tang M, Xie X. Cross-Talks Between Macro- and Micronutrient Uptake and Signaling in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:663477. [PMID: 34721446 PMCID: PMC8555580 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.663477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In nature, land plants as sessile organisms are faced with multiple nutrient stresses that often occur simultaneously in soil. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), zinc (Zn), and iron (Fe) are five of the essential nutrients that affect plant growth and health. Although these minerals are relatively inaccessible to plants due to their low solubility and relative immobilization, plants have adopted coping mechanisms for survival under multiple nutrient stress conditions. The double interactions between N, Pi, S, Zn, and Fe have long been recognized in plants at the physiological level. However, the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways underlying these cross-talks in plants remain poorly understood. This review preliminarily examined recent progress and current knowledge of the biochemical and physiological interactions between macro- and micro-mineral nutrients in plants and aimed to focus on the cross-talks between N, Pi, S, Zn, and Fe uptake and homeostasis in plants. More importantly, we further reviewed current studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying the cross-talks between N, Pi, S, Zn, and Fe homeostasis to better understand how these nutrient interactions affect the mineral uptake and signaling in plants. This review serves as a basis for further studies on multiple nutrient stress signaling in plants. Overall, the development of an integrative study of multiple nutrient signaling cross-talks in plants will be of important biological significance and crucial to sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Shi L, Zhang K, Xie L, Yang M, Xie B, He S, Liu Z. The Pepper Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase CaMAPK7 Acts as a Positive Regulator in Response to Ralstonia solanacearum Infection. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:664926. [PMID: 34295316 PMCID: PMC8290481 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.664926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways play a vital role in multiple plant processes, including growth, development, and stress signaling, but their involvement in response to Ralstonia solanacearum is poorly understood, particularly in pepper plants. Herein, CaMAPK7 was identified from the pepper genome and functionally analyzed. The accumulations of CaMAPK7 transcripts and promoter activities were both significantly induced in response to R. solanacearum strain FJC100301 infection, and exogenously applied phytohormones, including methyl jasmonate (MeJA), brassinolide (BR), salicylic acid (SA), and ethephon (ETN), were decreased by abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CaMAPK7 significantly enhanced the susceptibility of pepper plants to infection by R. solanacearum and downregulated the defense-related marker genes, including CaDEF1, CaPO2, CaSAR82A, and CaWRKY40. In contrast, the ectopic overexpression of CaMAPK7 in transgenic tobacco enhanced resistance to R. solanacearum and upregulated the defense-associated marker genes, including NtHSR201, NtHSR203, NtPR4, PR1a/c, NtPR1b, NtCAT1, and NtACC. Furthermore, transient overexpression of CaMAPK7 in pepper leaves triggered intensive hypersensitive response (HR)-like cell death, H2O2 accumulation, and enriched CaWRKY40 at the promoters of its target genes and drove their transcript accumulations, including CaDEF1, CaPO2, and CaSAR82A. Taken together, these data indicate that R. solanacearum infection induced the expression of CaMAPK7, which indirectly modifies the binding of CaWRKY40 to its downstream targets, including CaDEF1, CaPO2, and CaSAR82A, ultimately leading to the activation of pepper immunity against R. solanacearum. The protein that responds to CaMAPK7 in pepper plants should be isolated in the future to build a signaling bridge between CaMAPK7 and CaWRKY40.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanping Shi
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kan Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Linjing Xie
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingxing Yang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Baixue Xie
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shuilin He
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhiqin Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Wang L, Wu Y, Du W, Yan Z, Qi Z, Tang W, Han Y, Liu C, Fan S, Hao J. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) analysis shows involvement of the LsSTPK gene in lettuce ( Lactuca sativaL.) in high temperature-induced bolting. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1913845. [PMID: 33955335 PMCID: PMC8205037 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1913845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To determine the effect of the serine/threonine protein kinase (STPK) gene on leaf lettuce bolting, we utilized virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) using the TRV vector to silence the target gene. The 'GB30' leaf lettuce cultivar was the test material, and the methods included gene cloning, bioinformatics analysis, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and VIGS. LsSTPK, was cloned from the 'GB30' leaf lettuce cultivar via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of LsSTPK in the stem of leaf lettuce was significantly greater than that in the roots and leaves, and after high-temperature treatment, the gene expression in the stems in the experimental group was markedly lower than that in the control groups. Following LsSTPK silencing via the VIGS method, the stem length in the treatment group was significantly greater than that in the blank and negative control groups, and the contents of auxin (IAA), GA3 and abscisic acid (ABA) in the treatment group were greater than those in the other two groups. Flower bud differentiation occurred in the treatment group but not in the control group. The above findings suggested that LsSTPK inhibits the bolting of leaf lettuce under high-temperature conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ziqi Yan
- University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Zhengyang Qi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Wenkun Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yingyan Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chaojie Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangxi Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghong Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Agricultural Application and New Technology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Production Education, College of Plant Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Khan MIR, Chopra P, Chhillar H, Ahanger MA, Hussain SJ, Maheshwari C. Regulatory hubs and strategies for improving heavy metal tolerance in plants: Chemical messengers, omics and genetic engineering. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 164:260-278. [PMID: 34020167 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) accumulation in the agricultural soil and its toxicity is a major threat for plant growth and development. HMs disrupt functional integrity of the plants, induces altered phenological and physiological responses and slashes down qualitative crop yield. Chemical messengers such as phytohormones, plant growth regulators and gasotransmitters play a crucial role in regulating plant growth and development under metal toxicity in plants. Understanding the intricate network of these chemical messengers as well as interactions of genes/metabolites/proteins associated with HM toxicity in plants is necessary for deciphering insights into the regulatory circuit involved in HM tolerance. The present review describes (a) the role of chemical messengers in HM-induced toxicity mitigation, (b) possible crosstalk between phytohormones and other signaling cascades involved in plants HM tolerance and (c) the recent advancements in biotechnological interventions including genetic engineering, genome editing and omics approaches to provide a step ahead in making of improved plant against HM toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sofi Javed Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Kokernag, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Chirag Maheshwari
- Agricultural Energy and Power Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, India
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44
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Zhang TY, Li ZQ, Zhao YD, Shen WJ, Chen MS, Gao HQ, Ge XM, Wang HQ, Li X, He JM. Ethylene-induced stomatal closure is mediated via MKK1/3-MPK3/6 cascade to EIN2 and EIN3. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1324-1340. [PMID: 33605510 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs) play essential roles in guard cell signaling, but whether MPK cascades participate in guard cell ethylene signaling and interact with hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ), nitric oxide (NO), and ethylene-signaling components remain unclear. Here, we report that ethylene activated MPK3 and MPK6 in the leaves of wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana as well as ethylene insensitive2 (ein2), ein3, nitrate reductase1 (nia1), and nia2 mutants, but this effect was impaired in ethylene response1 (etr1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase AtrbohF, mpk kinase1 (mkk1), and mkk3 mutants. By contrast, the constitutive triple response1 (ctr1) mutant had constitutively active MPK3 and MPK6. Yeast two-hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and pull-down assays indicated that MPK3 and MPK6 physically interacted with MKK1, MKK3, and the C-terminal region of EIN2 (EIN2 CEND). mkk1, mkk3, mpk3, and mpk6 mutants had typical levels of ethylene-induced H2 O2 generation but impaired ethylene-induced EIN2 CEND cleavage and nuclear translocation, EIN3 protein accumulation, NO production in guard cells, and stomatal closure. These results show that the MKK1/3-MPK3/6 cascade mediates ethylene-induced stomatal closure by functioning downstream of ETR1, CTR1, and H2 O2 to interact with EIN2, thereby promoting EIN3 accumulation and EIN3-dependent NO production in guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Yue Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhong-Qi Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yu-Dong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Wen-Jie Shen
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Meng-Shu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hai-Quan Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xiao-Min Ge
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hui-Qin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xue Li
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jun-Min He
- School of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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45
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Yu TY, Sun MK, Liang LK. Receptors in the Induction of the Plant Innate Immunity. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:587-601. [PMID: 33512246 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-20-0173-cr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants adjust amplitude and duration of immune responses via different strategies to maintain growth, development, and resistance to pathogens. Pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) play vital roles. Pattern recognition receptors, comprising a large number of receptor-like protein kinases and receptor-like proteins, recognize related ligands and trigger immunity. PTI is the first layer of the innate immune system, and it recognizes PAMPs at the plasma membrane to prevent infection. However, pathogens exploit effector proteins to bypass or directly inhibit the PTI immune pathway. Consistently, plants have evolved intracellular nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat-containing proteins to detect pathogenic effectors and trigger a hypersensitive response to activate ETI. PTI and ETI work together to protect plants from infection by viruses and other pathogens. Diverse receptors and the corresponding ligands, especially several pairs of well-studied receptors and ligands in PTI immunity, are reviewed to illustrate the dynamic process of PTI response here.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Ying Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Meng-Kun Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Li-Kun Liang
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
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46
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Verma D, Bhagat PK, Sinha AK. A dual-specificity phosphatase, MAP kinase phosphatase 1, positively regulates blue light-mediated seedling development in Arabidopsis. PLANTA 2021; 253:131. [PMID: 34057637 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03649-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A dual-specificity phosphatase MKP1 negatively regulates the activity of MPK6 by dephosphorylating it and acts as a positive regulator of blue light (BL)-mediated photomorphogenic development in Arabidopsis. Reversible phosphorylation of proteins is one of the major post-translational modifications in nearly all signaling pathways in plants. MAP kinase phosphatases are very crucial in the regulation of MAPKs as they dephosphorylate both threonine (Thr) and tyrosine (Tyr) residues within the T-X-Y motif of active MAPKs. Therefore, to gain insight of involvement of MAP kinase phosphatases in the regulation of light signaling, we searched for the potential phosphatase which may regulate the function of MPK6, a negative regulator of blue light (BL)-mediated photomorphogenic development. We report here the identification of a dual-specificity phosphatase, MAP kinase phosphatase 1 (MKP1) as a positive regulator of BL-mediated seedling development. Overexpression of MKP1 enhances the BL-induced inhibition of hypocotyl elongation and displays more opened cotyledons. We also show that MKP1OE accumulates more pigments and positively affects the expression of downstream light-related genes in response to BL. In vitro and in vivo evidences also demonstrate that MKP1 not only interacts with but also dephosphorylates MPK6 in BL. In addition, MKP1 regulates stability as well as activity of MPK6 upon BL. Taken together our study highlights the important role of phosphatases in the regulation of a signaling pathway and identifies the role of MKP1 in the negative regulation of MPK6 activity leading to a change in BL-induced photomorphogenic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepanjali Verma
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Prakash Kumar Bhagat
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Alok Krishna Sinha
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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47
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González-Coronel JM, Rodríguez-Alonso G, Guevara-García ÁA. A phylogenetic study of the members of the MAPK and MEK families across Viridiplantae. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250584. [PMID: 33891654 PMCID: PMC8064577 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation is regulated by the activity of enzymes generically known as kinases. One of those kinases is Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK), which operate through a phosphorylation cascade conformed by members from three related protein kinase families namely MAPK kinase kinase (MEKK), MAPK kinase (MEK), and MAPK; these three acts hierarchically. Establishing the evolution of these proteins in the plant kingdom is an interesting but complicated task because the current MAPK, MAPKK, and MAPKKK subfamilies arose from duplications and subsequent sub-functionalization during the early stage of the emergence of Viridiplantae. Here, an in silico genomic analysis was performed on 18 different plant species, which resulted in the identification of 96 genes not previously annotated as components of the MAPK (70) and MEK (26) families. Interestingly, a deeper analysis of the sequences encoded by such genes revealed the existence of putative domains not previously described as signatures of MAPK and MEK kinases. Additionally, our analysis also suggests the presence of conserved activation motifs besides the canonical TEY and TDY domains, which characterize the MAPK family.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel González-Coronel
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Gustavo Rodríguez-Alonso
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Ángel Arturo Guevara-García
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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48
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Noman A, Aqeel M, Islam W, Khalid N, Akhtar N, Qasim M, Yasin G, Hashem M, Alamri S, Al-Zoubi OM, Jalees MM, Al-Sadi A. Insects-plants-pathogens: Toxicity, dependence and defense dynamics. Toxicon 2021; 197:87-98. [PMID: 33848517 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In a natural ecosystem, the pathogen-plant-insect relationship has diverse implications for each other. The pathogens as well as insect-pests consume plant tissues as their feed that mostly results in damage. In turn, plant species have evolved specialized defense system to not only protect themselves but reduce the damage also. Such tripartite interactions involve toxicity, metabolic modulations, resistance etc. among all participants of interaction. These attributes result in selection pressure among participants. Coevolution of such traits reveals need to focus and unravel multiple hidden aspects of insect-plant-pathogen interactions. The definite modulations during plant responses to biotic stress and the operating defense network against herbivores are vital to research areas. Different types of plant pathogens and herbivores are tackled with various changes in plants, e.g. changes in genes expression, glucosinolate metabolism detoxification, signal transduction, cell wall modifications, Ca2+dependent signaling. It is essential to clarify which chemical in plants can work as a defense signal or weapon in plant-pathogen-herbivore interactions. In spite of increased knowledge regarding signal transduction pathways regulating growth-defense balance, much more is needed to unveil the coordination of growth rate with metabolic modulations in bi-trophic interactions. Here, we addressed plant-pathogen-insect interaction for toxicity as well as dependnce along with plant defense dynamics against pathogens and insects with broad range effects at the physio-biochemical and molecular level. We have reviewed interfaces in plant-pathogen-insect research to show pulsating regulation of plant immunity for attuning survival and ecological equilibrium. An improved understanding of the systematic foundation of growth-defense stability has vital repercussions for enhancing crop yield, including insights into uncoupling of host-parasite tradeoffs for ecological and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Noman
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China.
| | - Waqar Islam
- College of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Akhtar
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Institute of Insect Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Ghulam Yasin
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahau Din Zakria University Multan Pakistan, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- King Khalid University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
| | - Saad Alamri
- King Khalid University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Moazam Jalees
- Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Al-Sadi
- College of Agriculture and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat. Sultanate of Oman, Oman
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49
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Groux R, Stahl E, Gouhier-Darimont C, Kerdaffrec E, Jimenez-Sandoval P, Santiago J, Reymond P. Arabidopsis natural variation in insect egg-induced cell death reveals a role for LECTIN RECEPTOR KINASE-I.1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:240-255. [PMID: 33631806 PMCID: PMC8133593 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), a hypersensitive-like response (HR-like response) is triggered underneath the eggs of the large white butterfly Pieris brassicae (P. brassicae), and this response is dependent on salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and signaling. Previous reports indicate that the clade I L-type LECTIN RECEPTOR KINASE-I.8 (LecRK-I.8) is involved in early steps of egg recognition. A genome-wide association study was used to better characterize the genetic structure of the HR-like response and discover loci that contribute to this response. We report here the identification of LecRK-I.1, a close homolog of LecRK-I.8, and show that two main haplotypes that explain part of the variation in HR-like response segregate among natural Arabidopsis accessions. Besides, signatures of balancing selection at this locus suggest that it may be ecologically important. Disruption of LecRK-I.1 results in decreased HR-like response and SA signaling, indicating that this protein is important for the observed responses. Furthermore, we provide evidence that LecRK-I.1 functions in the same signaling pathway as LecRK-I.8. Altogether, our results show that the response to eggs of P. brassicae is controlled by multiple LecRKs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Groux
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Elia Stahl
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Envel Kerdaffrec
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Jimenez-Sandoval
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julia Santiago
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Reymond
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Author for communication:
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50
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Lin L, Wu J, Jiang M, Wang Y. Plant Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades in Environmental Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041543. [PMID: 33546499 PMCID: PMC7913722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to global warming and population growth, plants need to rescue themselves, especially in unfavorable environments, to fulfill food requirements because they are sessile organisms. Stress signal sensing is a crucial step that determines the appropriate response which, ultimately, determines the survival of plants. As important signaling modules in eukaryotes, plant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades play a key role in regulating responses to the following four major environmental stresses: high salinity, drought, extreme temperature and insect and pathogen infections. MAPK cascades are involved in responses to these environmental stresses by regulating the expression of related genes, plant hormone production and crosstalk with other environmental stresses. In this review, we describe recent major studies investigating MAPK-mediated environmental stress responses. We also highlight the diverse function of MAPK cascades in environmental stress. These findings help us understand the regulatory network of MAPKs under environmental stress and provide another strategy to improve stress resistance in crops to ensure food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China;
| | - Jian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China;
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.W.)
| | - Mingyi Jiang
- College of Life Sciences and National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Youping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China;
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Correspondence: (J.W.); (Y.W.)
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