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Gille CE, Finnegan PM, Hayes PE, Ranathunge K, Burgess TI, de Tombeur F, Migliorini D, Dallongeville P, Glauser G, Lambers H. Facilitative and competitive interactions between mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants in an extremely phosphorus-impoverished environment: role of ectomycorrhizal fungi and native oomycete pathogens in shaping species coexistence. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1630-1644. [PMID: 38105548 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Nonmycorrhizal cluster root-forming species enhance the phosphorus (P) acquisition of mycorrhizal neighbours in P-impoverished megadiverse systems. However, whether mycorrhizal plants facilitate the defence of nonmycorrhizal plants against soil-borne pathogens, in return and via their symbiosis, remains unknown. We characterised growth and defence-related compounds in Banksia menziesii (nonmycorrhizal) and Eucalyptus todtiana (ectomycorrhizal, ECM) seedlings grown either in monoculture or mixture in a multifactorial glasshouse experiment involving ECM fungi and native oomycete pathogens. Roots of B. menziesii had higher levels of phytohormones (salicylic and jasmonic acids, jasmonoyl-isoleucine and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid) than E. todtiana which further activated a salicylic acid-mediated defence response in roots of B. menziesii, but only in the presence of ECM fungi. We also found that B. menziesii induced a shift in the defence strategy of E. todtiana, from defence-related secondary metabolites (phenolic and flavonoid) towards induced phytohormone response pathways. We conclude that ECM fungi play a vital role in the interactions between mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants in a severely P-impoverished environment, by introducing a competitive component within the facilitation interaction between the two plant species with contrasting nutrient-acquisition strategies. This study sheds light on the interplay between beneficial and detrimental soil microbes that shape plant-plant interaction in severely nutrient-impoverished ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément E Gille
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Patrick M Finnegan
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Patrick E Hayes
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Kosala Ranathunge
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Treena I Burgess
- Phytophthora Science and Management, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Félix de Tombeur
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- CEFE, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, University of Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Duccio Migliorini
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- National Research Council, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, 50019, Italy
| | - Paul Dallongeville
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel, 2000, Switzerland
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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Liu S, Wang L, Chang L, Khan I, Nadeem F, Rehman A, Suo R. Evaluating the influence of straw mulching and intercropping on nitrogen uptake, crop growth, and yield performance in maize and soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1280382. [PMID: 37900744 PMCID: PMC10611467 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1280382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Intercropping and straw mulching are sustainable agricultural practices that can positively affect crop growth and development, especially together. Methods A split-plot experimental design was used to investigate the effects of intercropping and straw mulching on crop growth, crop yield, nitrogen uptake, and photosynthetic characteristics. The main plot focused on three planting patterns: soybean monoculture (S), maize monoculture (M), and maize/soybean intercropping (I). The subplot structure consisted of four levels of straw mulching (0, 4.8, 7.2, 9.6 t ha-1). Results Interaction and variance analyses showed that straw mulching, intercropping, and their interaction had significant effects on plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, nitrogen uptake, photosynthetic characteristics, and crop yield. Based on two-year averages for maize and soybean, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) was up to 51.6% higher, stomatal conductance (Sc) was up to 44.0% higher, transpiration rate (Tr) was up to 46.6% higher, and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (Ci) was up to 25.7% lower relative to no mulching. The maximum increases of Pn, Sc, and Tr of intercropped maize were 15.48%, 17.28%, and 23.94%, respectively, and the maximum Ci was 17.75% lower than that of monoculture maize. The maximum increase of Pn, Sc, and Tr of monoculture soybean was 24.58%, 16.90%, and 17.91%, respectively, and the maximum Ci was 13.85% lower than that of intercropped soybean. The nitrogen uptake of maize and soybean in the mulching treatment was 24.3% higher than that in the non-mulching treatment; the nitrogen uptake of intercropped maize was 34.2% higher than that of monoculture maize, and the nitrogen uptake of monoculture soybean was 15.0% higher than that of intercropped soybean. The yield of maize and soybean in the mulching treatment was 66.6% higher than that in the non-mulching treatment, the maize yield under intercropping was 15.4% higher than that under monoculture, and the yield of monoculture soybean was 9.03% higher than that of intercropped soybean. Discussion The growth index and photosynthesis of crops are important parts of yield formation. The results of this study confirmed that straw mulching, intercropping, and their interaction can ultimately increase crop yield by improving crop growth, nitrogen uptake, and photosynthesis. This result can be used as the theoretical basis for the combined application of these measures in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siping Liu
- College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lixue Wang
- College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liang Chang
- College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ismail Khan
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Faisal Nadeem
- Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture, DI Khan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Ran Suo
- Quality Supervision Department, Chaoyang City Water Engineering Quality and Safety Supervision Station, Chaoyang, China
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Combination of Inorganic Nitrogen and Organic Soil Amendment Improves Nitrogen Use Efficiency While Reducing Nitrogen Runoff. NITROGEN 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/nitrogen3010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Improved nitrogen fertiliser management and increased nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) can be achieved by synchronising nitrogen (N) availability with plant uptake requirements. Organic materials in conjunction with inorganic fertilisers provide a strategy for supplying plant-available N over the growing season and reducing N loss. This study investigated whether a combined application of inorganic N with an organic soil amendment could improve nitrogen use efficiency by reducing N loss in runoff. Nitrogen runoff from a ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) cover was investigated using a rainfall simulator. Nitrogen was applied at low, medium and high (50, 75 and 100 kg/ha) rates as either (NH4)2SO4 or in combination with a poultry manure-based organic material. We showed that the NUE in the combination (58–75%) was two-fold greater than in (NH4)2SO4 (24–42%). Furthermore, this combination also resulted in a two-fold lower N runoff compared with the inorganic fertiliser alone. This effect was attributed to the slower rate of N release from the organic amendment relative to the inorganic fertiliser. Here, we demonstrated that the combined use of inorganic and organic N substrates can reduce nutrient losses in surface runoff due to a better synchronisation of N availability with plant uptake requirements.
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Persistence of plant-mediated microbial soil legacy effects in soil and inside roots. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5686. [PMID: 34584090 PMCID: PMC8478921 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25971-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-soil feedbacks are shaped by microbial legacies that plants leave in the soil. We tested the persistence of these legacies after subsequent colonization by the same or other plant species using 6 typical grassland plant species. Soil fungal legacies were detectable for months, but the current plant effect on fungi amplified in time. By contrast, in bacterial communities, legacies faded away rapidly and bacteria communities were influenced strongly by the current plant. However, both fungal and bacterial legacies were conserved inside the roots of the current plant species and their composition significantly correlated with plant growth. Hence, microbial soil legacies present at the time of plant establishment play a vital role in shaping plant growth even when these legacies have faded away in the soil due the growth of the current plant species. We conclude that soil microbiome legacies are reversible and versatile, but that they can create plant-soil feedbacks via altering the endophytic community acquired during early ontogeny. Legacies of past plant communities are likely to influence plant-soil interactions. Here, the authors report a reciprocal transplant experiment showing that soil microbial legacies shaped by previous plants persist for soil fungi and root endophytes but can be reversed by a next generation of plants for soil bacteria.
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Heklau H, Schindler N, Buscot F, Eisenhauer N, Ferlian O, Prada Salcedo LD, Bruelheide H. Mixing tree species associated with arbuscular or ectotrophic mycorrhizae reveals dual mycorrhization and interactive effects on the fungal partners. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:5424-5440. [PMID: 34026018 PMCID: PMC8131788 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies found that the majority of shrub and tree species are associated with both arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi. However, our knowledge on how different mycorrhizal types interact with each other is still limited. We asked whether the combination of hosts with a preferred association with either AM or EM fungi increases the host tree roots' mycorrhization rate and affects AM and EM fungal richness and community composition.We established a tree diversity experiment, where five tree species of each of the two mycorrhiza types were planted in monocultures, two-species and four-species mixtures. We applied morphological assessment to estimate mycorrhization rates and next-generation molecular sequencing to quantify mycobiont richness.Both the morphological and molecular assessment revealed dual-mycorrhizal colonization in 79% and 100% of the samples, respectively. OTU community composition strongly differed between AM and EM trees. While host tree species richness did not affect mycorrhization rates, we observed significant effects of mixing AM- and EM-associated hosts in AM mycorrhization rate. Glomeromycota richness was larger in monotypic AM tree combinations than in AM-EM mixtures, pointing to a dilution or suppression effect of AM by EM trees. We found a strong match between morphological quantification of AM mycorrhization rate and Glomeromycota richness. Synthesis. We provide evidence that the combination of hosts differing in their preferred mycorrhiza association affects the host's fungal community composition, thus revealing important biotic interactions among trees and their associated fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Heklau
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Nicole Schindler
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - François Buscot
- Department of Soil EcologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZHalle (Saale)Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of BiologyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Olga Ferlian
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute of BiologyLeipzig UniversityLeipzigGermany
| | - Luis D. Prada Salcedo
- Department of Soil EcologyHelmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐LeipzigLeipzigGermany
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de Britto Costa P, Staudinger C, Veneklaas EJ, Oliveira RS, Lambers H. Root positioning and trait shifts in Hibbertia racemosa as dependent on its neighbour's nutrient-acquisition strategy. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2021; 44:1257-1267. [PMID: 33386607 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient-poor ecosystems globally exhibit high plant diversity. One mechanism enabling the co-existence of species in such ecosystems is facilitation among plants with contrasting nutrient-acquisition strategies. The ecophysiological processes underlying these interactions remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that root positioning plays a role between sympatric species in nutrient-poor vegetation. We investigated how the growth traits of the focal mycorrhizal non-cluster-rooted Hibbertia racemosa change when grown in proximity of non-mycorrhizal Banksia attenuata, which produces cluster roots that increase nutrient availability, compared with growth with conspecifics. Focal plants were placed in the centre of rhizoboxes, and biomass allocation, root system architecture, specific root length (SRL), and leaf nutrient concentration were assessed. When grown with B. attenuata, focal plants decreased root investment, increased root growth towards B. attenuata, and positioned their roots near B. attenuata cluster roots. SRL was greater, and the degree of localized root investment correlated positively with B. attenuata cluster-root biomass. Total nutrient contents in the focal individuals were greater when grown with B. attenuata. Focal plants directed their root growth towards the putatively facilitating neighbour's cluster roots, modifying root traits and investment. Preferential root positioning and root morphological traits play important roles in positive plant-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia de Britto Costa
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Vegetal Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Christiana Staudinger
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Rhizosphere Ecology and Biogeochemistry Group, Institute of Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Erik J Veneklaas
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rafael S Oliveira
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Zhang R, Meng L, Li Y, Wang X, Ogundeji AO, Li X, Sang P, Mu Y, Wu H, Li S. Yield and nutrient uptake dissected through complementarity and selection effects in the maize/soybean intercropping. Food Energy Secur 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Zhang
- Resource and Environmental College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Lingbo Meng
- School of Food Engineering Harbin University Harbin China
| | - Ying Li
- Resource and Environmental College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Xuerong Wang
- Resource and Environmental College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Abiola O. Ogundeji
- Resource and Environmental College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Xinrui Li
- Resource and Environmental College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Ping Sang
- Resource and Environmental College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Yao Mu
- Resource and Environmental College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Haolei Wu
- Resource and Environmental College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
| | - Shumin Li
- Resource and Environmental College Northeast Agricultural University Harbin China
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Qin F, Yu S. Compatible Mycorrhizal Types Contribute to a Better Design for Mixed Eucalyptus Plantations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:616726. [PMID: 33643349 PMCID: PMC7907608 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.616726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-species forest plantation is a sound option to facilitate ecological restoration, plant diversity and ecosystem functions. Compatible species combinations are conducive to reconstruct plant communities that can persist at a low cost without further management and even develop into natural forest communities. However, our understanding of how the compatibility of mycorrhizal types mediates species coexistence is still limited, especially in a novel agroforestry system. Here, we assessed the effects of mycorrhizal association type on the survival and growth of native woody species in mixed-species Eucalyptus plantations. To uncover how mycorrhizal type regulates plant-soil feedbacks, we first conducted a pot experiments by treating distinct mycorrhizal plants with soil microbes from their own or other mycorrhizal types. We then compared the growth response of arbuscular mycorrhizal plants and ectomycorrhizal plants to different soil microbial compositions associated with Eucalyptus plants. We found that the type of mycorrhizal association had a significant impact on the survival and growth of native tree species in the Eucalyptus plantations. The strength and direction of the plant-soil feedbacks of focal tree species depended on mycorrhizal type. Non-mycorrhizal plants had consistent negative feedbacks with the highest survival in the Eucalyptus plantations, whereas nitrogen-fixing plants had consistent positive feedbacks and the lowest survival. Arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal plants performed varied feedback responses to soil microbes from distinct mycorrhizal plant species. Non-mycorrhizal plants grew better with Eucalyptus soil microbes while nitrogen-fixing plants grew worse with their own conspecific soil microbes. Different soil microbial compositions of Eucalyptus consistently increased the aboveground growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal plants, but the non-mycorrhizal microbial composition of the Eucalyptus soil resulted in greater belowground growth of ectomycorrhizal plants. Overall, Eucalyptus plants induced an unfavorable soil community, impeding coexistence with other mycorrhizal plants. Our study provides consistent observational and experimental evidence that mycorrhizal-mediated plant-microbial feedback on species coexistence among woody species. These findings are with important implications to optimize the species combinations for better design of mixed forest plantations.
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The potential for phosphorus benefits through root placement in the rhizosphere of phosphorus-mobilising neighbours. Oecologia 2020; 193:843-855. [PMID: 32816111 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04733-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Plants that produce specialised cluster roots, which mobilise large quantities of poorly available nutrients such as phosphorus (P), can provide a benefit to neighbouring plants that produce roots in the cluster rhizosphere, as demonstrated previously in pot studies. To be effective, such roots must be present within the short time of peak cluster activity. We tested if this requirement is met, and quantified potential P benefits, in a hyperdiverse Mediterranean woodland of southwest Australia where cluster-rooted species are prominent. Using minirhizotrons, we monitored root dynamics during the wet season in the natural habitat. We found non-cluster roots intermingling with all 57 of the observed cluster roots of the studied tree species, Banksia attenuata. Almost all (95%) of these cases were observed in a high-moisture treatment simulating the 45-year average, but not present when we intercepted some of the rainfall. We estimate that cluster-root activity can increase P availability to intermingling roots to a theoretical maximum of 80% of total P in the studied soil. Due to their high P-remobilisation efficiency (89%), which results from P rapidly being relocated from cluster roots within the plant, senesced Banksia cluster roots are a negligible P source for other roots. We conclude that, rather than serving as a P source, it is the cluster-root activity, particularly the exudation of carboxylates, that may improve the coexistence of interacting species that are capable of root intermingling, thus potentially promoting species diversity in nutrient-poor habitats, and that this mechanism will be less effective in a drying climate.
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Yu RP, Li XX, Xiao ZH, Lambers H, Li L. Phosphorus facilitation and covariation of root traits in steppe species. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:1285-1298. [PMID: 32083760 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Different phosphorus (P)-acquisition strategies may be relevant for species coexistence and plant performance in terrestrial communities on P-deficient soils. However, how interspecific P facilitation functions in natural systems is largely unknown. We investigated the root physiological activities for P mobilization across 19 coexisting plant species in steppe vegetation, and then grew plants with various abilities to mobilize sorbed P in a microcosm in a glasshouse. We show that P facilitation mediated by rhizosphere processes of P-mobilizing species promoted growth and increased P content of neighbors in a species-specific manner. When roots interacted with a facilitating neighbor, Cleistogenes squarrosa and Bromus inermis tended to show greater plasticity of root proliferation or rhizosheath acid phosphatase activity compared with other non-P-mobilizing species. Greater variation in these root traits was strongly correlated with increased performance in the presence of a facilitator. The results also show, for the first time, that P facilitation was an important mechanism underlying a positive complementarity effect. Our study highlights that interspecific P-acquisition facilitation requires that facilitated neighbors exhibit a better match of root traits with a facilitating species. It provides a better understanding of species coexistence in P-limited communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Peng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Long Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
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Yu RP, Zhang WP, Yu YC, Yu SB, Lambers H, Li L. Linking shifts in species composition induced by grazing with root traits for phosphorus acquisition in a typical steppe in Inner Mongolia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 712:136495. [PMID: 31945536 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Long-term overgrazing tends to cause soil phosphorus (P) deficiency in grasslands. The relationships between grazing-induced shifts in species composition and root traits associated with P acquisition involved in these shifts remain unknown. Species vary in their P-acquisition strategies, and we hypothesize that species that acquire P more efficiently are better adapted to overgrazing. We measured relative biomass, root physiological activities (e.g., rhizosheath acid phosphatase activity (Apase), and leaf manganese concentration ([Mn]) as a proxy for carboxylate concentrations in rhizosheath) and morphological traits (e.g., specific root length) of six common species in a field experiment conducted in a typical steppe of Inner Mongolia. There were two exclosure demonstration plots, i.e. exclosed since 1983 and 1996, and long-term free grazing without exclosure of sheep. Long-term overgrazing caused a reduction in bulk soil Olsen P concentration and increased community-weighted leaf nitrogen: P ratio by 27% and 37%, respectively, indicating more severe P limitation for steppe vegetation. Carex duriuscula exhibited an inherently greater specific root length, proportion of fine roots and rhizosheath Apase than other species did in both exclosure and grazing treatments. Cleistogenes squarrosa showed a greater leaf [Mn] induced by overgrazing. The increased dominance of C. duriuscula and C. squarrosa was positively correlated with finer roots, greater rhizosheath Apase or carboxylate release under long-term overgrazing. Species that had inefficient root traits for P acquisition (e.g., low specific root length and low leaf [Mn]), i.e. Stipa grandis, exhibited a decreased dominance in response to overgrazing. Dominance of species did not change under grazing which may be related to either relatively inefficient inherent morphological (i.e. in Artemisia frigida) or physiological traits (i.e. in Leymus chinensis and Agropyron michnoi) for P acquisition. Our study highlights the importance of acknowledging root traits involved in efficient P acquisition for theories on community succession induced by overgrazing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Peng Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, PR China
| | - Wei-Ping Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, PR China
| | - Ying-Chai Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, PR China
| | - Shu-Bing Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, PR China
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, PR China
| | - Long Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, PR China.
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Du B, Pang J, Hu B, Allen DE, Bell TL, Pfautsch S, Netzer F, Dannenmann M, Zhang S, Rennenberg H. N 2-fixing black locust intercropping improves ecosystem nutrition at the vulnerable semi-arid Loess Plateau region, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 688:333-345. [PMID: 31233915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Loess Plateau in northwestern China constitutes one of the most vulnerable semi-arid regions in the world due to long-term decline in forest cover, soil nutrient depletion by agricultural use, and attendant soil erosion. Here, we characterize the significance of N2-fixing Robinia pseudoacacia L. and non-N2-fixing Juglans regia L. for improving nutrient availability and water retention in soil by comparing a range of biological and physicochemical features in monoculture and mixed plantations of both species. We found that N2-fixing Robinia facilitates the nitrogen and phosphorus composition of non-N2-fixing Juglans in the mixed stand as a consequence of improved soil nutrient availability, evident as higher levels of nitrogen and labile carbon compared to mono-specific stands. This demonstrates that intercropping N2-fixing Robinia with non-N2-fixing woody plants can greatly improve soil carbon and nitrogen bioavailability as well as whole-plant nutrition and can potentially mediate water retention with additional sequestration of soil organic carbon in the range of 1 t C ha-1 year-1. Thus, intercropping N2-fixing woody species (e.g. Robinia pseudoacacia or Hippophae rhamnoides L.) with locally important non-N2-fixing tree and shrub species should be considered in afforestation strategies for landscape restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoguo Du
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Mianyang Normal University, 166 Mianxing Road West, Mianyang, 621000, China; Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Tree Physiology, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 53/54, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
| | - Junzhu Pang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Bin Hu
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Tree Physiology, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 53/54, Freiburg, 79110, Germany.
| | - Diane E Allen
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Tina L Bell
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Sebastian Pfautsch
- School of Social Science and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Florian Netzer
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Tree Physiology, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 53/54, Freiburg, 79110, Germany
| | - Michael Dannenmann
- Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kreuzeckbahnstrasse 19, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, 82467, Germany
| | - Shuoxin Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Heinz Rennenberg
- Institute of Forest Sciences, Chair of Tree Physiology, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 53/54, Freiburg, 79110, Germany; College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Wu D, Zhang M, Peng M, Sui X, Li W, Sun G. Variations in Soil Functional Fungal Community Structure Associated With Pure and Mixed Plantations in Typical Temperate Forests of China. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1636. [PMID: 31379786 PMCID: PMC6646410 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Forest plants are in constant contact with the soil fungal community, which plays an important role in the circulation of nutrients through forest ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fungal diversity in soil and elucidate the ecological role of functional fungal communities in forest ecosystems using soil samples from seven different plantations in northeastern China. Our results showed that the fungal communities were dominated by the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mortierellomycota, and the mixed plantation of Fraxinus mandshurica and Pinus koraiensis had a soil fungal population clearly divergent from those in the other plantations. Additionally, the mixed plantation of F. mandshurica and P. koraiensis, which was low in soil nutrients, contained a highly diverse and abundant population of ectomycorrhizal fungi, whereas saprophytic fungi were more abundant in plantations with high soil nutrients. Redundancy analysis demonstrated a strong correlation between saprophytic fungi and the level of soil nutrients, whereas ectomycorrhizal fungi were mainly distributed in soils with low nutrient. Our findings provide insights into the importance of functional fungi and the mediation of soil nutrients in mixed plantations and reveal the effect of biodiversity on temperate forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Mu Peng
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Sui
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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14
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Trinchera A, Ciaccia C, Testani E, Baratella V, Campanelli G, Leteo F, Canali S. Mycorrhiza-mediated interference between cover crop and weed in organic winter cereal agroecosystems: The mycorrhizal colonization intensity indicator. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:5593-5604. [PMID: 31160984 PMCID: PMC6540714 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mycorrhizal fungi are symbiotic organisms able to provide many benefits to crop production by supplying a set of ecosystem functions. A recent ecological approach based on the ability of the fungi community to influence plant-plant interactions by extraradical mycelium development may be applied to diversified, herbaceous agroecosystems. Our hypothesis is that the introduction of a winter cereal cover crop (CC) as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-host plant in an organic rotation can boosts the AMF colonization of the other plants, influencing crop-weed interference. In a 4-years organic rotation, the effect of two winter cereal CC, rye and spelt, on weed density and AMF colonization was evaluated. The AMF extraradical mycelium on CC and weeds roots was observed by scanning electron microscopy analysis. By joining data of plant density and mycorrhization, we built the mycorrhizal colonization intensity of the Agroecosystem indicator (MA%). Both the CC were colonized by soil AMF, being the mycorrhizal colonization intensity (M%) affected by environmental conditions. Under CC, the weed density was reduced, due to the increase of the reciprocal competition in favor of CC, which benefited from mycorrhizal colonization and promoted the development of AMF extraradical mycelium. Even though non-host plants, some weed species showed an increased mycorrhizal colonization in presence of CC respect to the control. Under intense rainfall, the MA% was less sensitive to the CC introduction. On the opposite, under highly competitive conditions, both the CC boosted significantly the mycorrhization of coexistent plants in the agroecosystem. The proposed indicator measured the agroecological service provided by the considered CCs in promoting or inhibiting the overall AMF colonization of the studied agroecosystems, as affected by weed selection and growth: It informs about agroecosystem resilience and may be profitably applied to indicate the extent of the linkage of specific crop traits to agroecosystem services, contributing to further develop the functional biodiversity theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Trinchera
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentCouncil for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRomeItaly
| | - Corrado Ciaccia
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentCouncil for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRomeItaly
| | - Elena Testani
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentCouncil for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRomeItaly
| | - Valentina Baratella
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentCouncil for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRomeItaly
| | - Gabriele Campanelli
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental CropsCouncil for Agricultural Research and EconomicsMonsampolo del Tronto (AP)Italy
| | - Fabrizio Leteo
- CREA Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental CropsCouncil for Agricultural Research and EconomicsMonsampolo del Tronto (AP)Italy
| | - Stefano Canali
- CREA Research Centre for Agriculture and EnvironmentCouncil for Agricultural Research and EconomicsRomeItaly
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15
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Houles A, Vincent B, David M, Ducousso M, Galiana A, Juillot F, Hannibal L, Carriconde F, Fritsch E, Jourand P. Ectomycorrhizal Communities Associated with the Legume Acacia spirorbis Growing on Contrasted Edaphic Constraints in New Caledonia. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 76:964-975. [PMID: 29717331 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1193-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to characterize the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) communities associated with Acacia spirorbis, a legume tree widely spread in New Caledonia that spontaneously grows on contrasted edaphic constraints, i.e. calcareous, ferralitic and volcano-sedimentary soils. Soil geochemical parameters and diversity of ECM communities were assessed in 12 sites representative of the three mains categories of soils. The ectomycorrhizal status of Acacia spirorbis was confirmed in all studied soils, with a fungal community dominated at 92% by Basidiomycota, mostly represented by/tomentella-thelephora (27.6%), /boletus (15.8%), /sebacina (10.5%), /russula-lactarius (10.5%) and /pisolithus-scleroderma (7.9%) lineages. The diversity and the proportion of the ECM lineages were similar for the ferralitic and volcano-sedimentary soils but significantly different for the calcareous soils. These differences in the distribution of the ECM communities were statistically correlated with pH, Ca, P and Al in the calcareous soils and with Co in the ferralitic soils. Altogether, these data suggest a high capacity of A. spirorbis to form ECM symbioses with a large spectrum of fungi regardless the soil categories with contrasted edaphic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Houles
- CIRAD, UMR082 LSTM, TA A-82/J, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
- Koniambo Nickel SAS, Vavouto, BP 679, 98860, Koné, New Caledonia
| | - Bryan Vincent
- IRD, UMR040 LSTM, 98848, Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia
| | - Magali David
- IRD, UMR206 IMPMC, 98848, Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia
| | - Marc Ducousso
- CIRAD, UMR082 LSTM, TA A-82/J, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France.
| | - Antoine Galiana
- CIRAD, UMR082 LSTM, TA A-82/J, Campus International de Baillarguet, 34398 Cedex 5, Montpellier, France
| | - Farid Juillot
- IRD, UMR206 IMPMC, 98848, Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia
| | | | - Fabian Carriconde
- Institut Agronomique néo-Calédonien (IAC), Axe 2, 98800, Nouméa, New Caledonia
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16
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Luo S, Schmid B, De Deyn GB, Yu S. Soil microbes promote complementarity effects among co‐existing trees through soil nitrogen partitioning. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Luo
- Department of EcologySchool of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Gerlinde B. De Deyn
- Department of Environmental SciencesWageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Shixiao Yu
- Department of EcologySchool of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolSun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
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17
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Subrahmaniam HJ, Libourel C, Journet EP, Morel JB, Muños S, Niebel A, Raffaele S, Roux F. The genetics underlying natural variation of plant-plant interactions, a beloved but forgotten member of the family of biotic interactions. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2018; 93:747-770. [PMID: 29232012 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of plant-plant interactions on crop yield and plant community dynamics, our understanding of the genetic and molecular bases underlying natural variation of plant-plant interactions is largely limited in comparison with other types of biotic interactions. By listing 63 quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and global gene expression studies based on plants directly challenged by other plants, we explored whether the genetic architecture and the function of the candidate genes underlying natural plant-plant interactions depend on the type of interactions between two plants (competition versus commensalism versus reciprocal helping versus asymmetry). The 16 transcriptomic studies are unevenly distributed between competitive interactions (n = 12) and asymmetric interactions (n = 4, all focusing on response to parasitic plants). By contrast, 17 and 30 QTL studies were identified for competitive interactions and asymmetric interactions (either weed suppressive ability or response to parasitic plants), respectively. Surprisingly, no studies have been carried out on the identification of genetic and molecular bases underlying natural variation in positive interactions. The candidate genes underlying natural plant-plant interactions can be classified into seven categories of plant function that have been identified in artificial environments simulating plant-plant interactions either frequently (photosynthesis, hormones), only recently (cell wall modification and degradation, defense pathways against pathogens) or rarely (ABC transporters, histone modification and meristem identity/life history traits). Finally, we introduce several avenues that need to be explored in the future to obtain a thorough understanding of the genetic and molecular bases underlying plant-plant interactions within the context of realistic community complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cyril Libourel
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Etienne-Pascal Journet
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- AGIR, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, INP-EI PURPAN, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Jean-Benoît Morel
- BGPI, INRA, CIRAD, SupAgro, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Muños
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Andreas Niebel
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Sylvain Raffaele
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Fabrice Roux
- LIPM, Université de Toulouse, INRA, CNRS, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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18
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Güsewell S, Schroth MH. How functional is a trait? Phosphorus mobilization through root exudates differs little between Carex species with and without specialized dauciform roots. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 215:1438-1450. [PMID: 28670743 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Root structures secreting carboxylates and phosphatases are thought to enhance a plant's phosphorus (P) acquisition. But do closely related species with and without such structures really differ in root exudation, P mobilization, or ecological niche? We investigated this by comparing 23 European Carex species with and without 'dauciform roots' (DRs). Plants grown in pots with sand were screened for DR formation, phosphatase activities, carboxylate exudation, and utilization of various organic and inorganic P compounds. Ecological niches were compared using ecological indicator values and nutrient concentrations of plant shoots in natural habitats. Species of subgenus Carex formed DRs, while species of subgenus Vignea did not. Species with DRs had higher root diesterase activity than species without DRs, exuded more citrate but less oxalate and less total carboxylates, and allocated less biomass to roots. Species with and without DRs showed similar growth responses to different forms of P and different amounts of P supplied; their natural habitats do not differ in soil fertility or degree of P limitation. Despite some differences in physiological function, DRs did not influence the P acquisition and nutritional niche of European Carex species, suggesting that species with and without DRs do not exhibit distinct P-acquisition strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Güsewell
- Institute of Integrative Biology, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin H Schroth
- Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
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19
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Wen Z, Shi L, Tang Y, Shen Z, Xia Y, Chen Y. Effects of Pisolithus tinctorius and Cenococcum geophilum inoculation on pine in copper-contaminated soil to enhance phytoremediation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2017; 19:387-394. [PMID: 27739883 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1244155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We used Pisolithus tinctorius and Cenococcum geophilum to determine the copper (Cu) resistance of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and their potential for improving phytoremediation of Cu-contaminated soil by Chinese red pine (Pinus tabulaeformis). The results showed that nutrient accumulation in C. geophilum mycelium was significantly lower under higher Cu concentrations in the soil, which was not observed in P. tinctorius. Meanwhile, P. tinctorius exhibited greater Cu tolerance than C. geophilum. Inoculation with ECM fungi significantly improved the growth of pine shoots planted in polluted soil in pot experiments (p < 0.01). The total accumulated Cu in pine seedlings planted in Cu-contaminated soil increased by 72.8% and 113.3% when inoculated with P. tinctorius and C. geophilum, respectively, indicating that ECM fungi may help their host to phytoextract heavy metals. Furthermore, the majority of the total absorbed metals remained in the roots, confirming the ability of ECM fungi to promote heavy metal phytostabilization. There were no differences between the effects of the two fungi in helping the host stabilize and absorb Cu, even though they have different Cu tolerances. Inoculation with ECM fungi can benefit plant establishment in polluted environments and assist plants with phytoremediating heavy-metal-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhugui Wen
- a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
- b Jiangsu Coastal Area Institute of Agricultural Sciences , Yancheng , China
| | - Liang Shi
- a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Yangze Tang
- a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Zhenguo Shen
- a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
- c Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource , National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation , Nanjing , China
| | - Yan Xia
- a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
| | - Yahua Chen
- a College of Life Sciences , Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing , China
- c Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource , National Joint Local Engineering Research Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation , Nanjing , China
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20
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Teste FP, Kardol P, Turner BL, Wardle DA, Zemunik G, Renton M, Laliberté E. Plant-soil feedback and the maintenance of diversity in Mediterranean-climate shrublands. Science 2017; 355:173-176. [DOI: 10.1126/science.aai8291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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21
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Roy-Bolduc A, Laliberté E, Boudreau S, Hijri M. Strong linkage between plant and soil fungal communities along a successional coastal dune system. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2016; 92:fiw156. [DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiw156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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22
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Xue Y, Xia H, Christie P, Zhang Z, Li L, Tang C. Crop acquisition of phosphorus, iron and zinc from soil in cereal/legume intercropping systems: a critical review. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2016; 117:363-77. [PMID: 26749590 PMCID: PMC4765540 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcv182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) are essential elements for plant growth and development, but their availability in soil is often limited. Intercropping contributes to increased P, Fe and Zn uptake and thereby increases yield and improves grain nutritional quality and ultimately human health. A better understanding of how intercropping leads to increased plant P, Fe and Zn availability will help to improve P-fertilizer-use efficiency and agronomic Fe and Zn biofortification. SCOPE This review synthesizes the literature on how intercropping of legumes with cereals increases acquisition of P, Fe and Zn from soil and recapitulates what is known about root-to-shoot nutrient translocation, plant-internal nutrient remobilization and allocation to grains. CONCLUSIONS Direct interspecific facilitation in intercropping involves below-ground processes in which cereals increase Fe and Zn bioavailability while companion legumes benefit. This has been demonstrated and verified using isotopic nutrient tracing and molecular analysis. The same methodological approaches and field studies should be used to explore direct interspecific P facilitation. Both niche complementarity and interspecific facilitation contribute to increased P acquisition in intercropping. Niche complementarity may also contribute to increased Fe and Zn acquisition, an aspect poorly understood. Interspecific mobilization and uptake facilitation of sparingly soluble P, Fe and Zn from soil, however, are not the only determinants of the concentrations of P, Fe and Zn in grains. Grain yield and nutrient translocation from roots to shoots further influence the concentrations of these nutrients in grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Xue
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haiyong Xia
- National Engineering Laboratory for Wheat and Maize, Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China,
| | - Peter Christie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant and Soil Interactions, Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China and
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Long Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Plant and Soil Interactions, Center for Resources, Environment and Food Security, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China and
| | - Caixian Tang
- Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBiosciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora Vic 3086, Australia
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23
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Yang Y, Liang Y, Han X, Chiu TY, Ghosh A, Chen H, Tang M. The roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in phytoremediation and tree-herb interactions in Pb contaminated soil. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20469. [PMID: 26842958 PMCID: PMC4740888 DOI: 10.1038/srep20469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the roles of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in plant interaction is essential for optimizing plant distribution to restore degraded ecosystems. This study investigated the effects of AMF and the presence of legume or grass herbs on phytoremediation with a legume tree, Robinia pseudoacacia, in Pb polluted soil. In monoculture, mycorrhizal dependency of legumes was higher than that of grass, and AMF benefited the plant biomass of legumes but had no effect on grass. Mycorrhizal colonization of plant was enhanced by legume neighbors but inhibited by grass neighbor in co-culture system. N, P, S and Mg concentrations of mycorrhizal legumes were larger than these of non-mycorrhizal legumes. Legume herbs decreased soil pH and thereby increased the Pb concentrations of plants. The neighbor effects of legumes shifted from negative to positive with increasing Pb stress levels, whereas grass provided a negative effect on the growth of legume tree. AMF enhanced the competition but equalized growth of legume-legume under unpolluted and Pb stress conditions, respectively. In conclusion, (1) AMF mediate plant interaction through directly influencing plant biomass, and/or indirectly influencing plant photosynthesis, macronutrient acquisition, (2) legume tree inoculated with AMF and co-planted with legume herbs provides an effective way for Pb phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Xiaozhen Han
- Plant Systems Biology Lab, Botany and Plant Science, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Tsan-Yu Chiu
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, 5885 Hollis St, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Amit Ghosh
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, PK Sinha Centre for Bioenergy, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Hui Chen
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh D. Loxdale
- School of Biosciences; Cardiff University; The Sir Martin Evans Building Museum Avenue Cardiff CF10 3AX UK
| | - Belinda J. Davis
- School of Plant Biology; University of Western Australia; Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
- Botanic Gardens and Parks Authority; Fraser Avenue West Perth Western Australia 6005 Australia
| | - Robert A. Davis
- School of Natural Sciences; Edith Cowan University; 270 Joondalup Drive Joondalup Western Australia 6027 Australia
- School of Animal Biology; University of Western Australia; Crawley Western Australia 6009 Australia
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Fajardo A, Piper FI. High foliar nutrient concentrations and resorption efficiency in Embothrium coccineum (Proteaceae) in southern Chile. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2015; 102:208-216. [PMID: 25667073 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1400533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Southern South American (SA) Proteaceae species growing in volcanic soils have been proposed as potential ecosystem engineers by tapping phosphorus (P) from soil through their cluster roots and shedding nutrient-rich litter to the soil, making it available for other species. We tested whether Embothrium coccineum (Proteaceae) has effectively lower P nutrient resorption efficiency and higher litter P concentrations than co-occurring, non-Proteaceae species. METHODS In southern Chile, we assessed the P and nitrogen (N) resorption efficiency of senescent leaves and fresh litter of E. coccineum and co-occurring tree species in a soil fertility and moisture gradient (600-3000 mm of annual precipitation) in Patagonia, Chile. We determined P and N concentrations, leaf mass per area (LMA), and ratios of N/P and C/N in mature and senescent leaf cohorts and fresh litter. KEY RESULTS Embothrium coccineum showed significantly higher P and N resorption efficiency than co-occurring species; in fact, E. coccineum fresh litter had the lowest P-content. While E. coccineum showed significantly lower fresh litter P concentrations than the rest of the species, it showed significantly higher N concentrations. Embothrium coccineum also had lower LMA and similar N/P and C/N ratios when compared with co-occurring tree species. CONCLUSIONS We found that E. coccineum efficiently mobilized P and, to a lesser extent, N before leaf shedding. We did not find support for the ecosystem engineering hypothesis via shedding P-rich litter. We suggest that southern South American Proteaceae may be taking up other nutrients besides P, probably N, from the young, volcanic soils of this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Fajardo
- Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP) Conicyt-Regional R10C1003, Universidad Austral de Chile, Camino Baguales s/n, Coyhaique 5951601, Chile
| | - Frida I Piper
- Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia (CIEP) Conicyt-Regional R10C1003, Universidad Austral de Chile, Camino Baguales s/n, Coyhaique 5951601, Chile
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Qiao X, Bei S, Li C, Dong Y, Li H, Christie P, Zhang F, Zhang J. Enhancement of faba bean competitive ability by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi is highly correlated with dynamic nutrient acquisition by competing wheat. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8122. [PMID: 25631933 PMCID: PMC4309967 DOI: 10.1038/srep08122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic understanding of the dynamic processes linking nutrient acquisition and biomass production of competing individuals can be instructive in optimizing intercropping systems. Here, we examine the effect of inoculation with Funneliformis mosseae on competitive dynamics between wheat and faba bean. Wheat is less responsive to mycorrhizal inoculation. Both inoculated and uninoculated wheat attained the maximum instantaneous N and P capture approximately five days before it attained the maximum instantaneous biomass production, indicating that wheat detected the competitor and responded physiologically to resource limitation prior to the biomass response. By contrast, the instantaneous N and P capture by uninoculated faba bean remained low throughout the growth period, and plant growth was not significantly affected by competing wheat. However, inoculation substantially enhanced biomass production and N and P acquisition of faba bean. The exudation of citrate and malate acids and acid phosphatase activity were greater in mycorrhizal than in uninoculated faba bean, and rhizosphere pH tended to decrease. We conclude that under N and P limiting conditions, temporal separation of N and P acquisition by competing plant species and enhancement of complementary resource use in the presence of AMF might be attributable to the competitive co-existence of faba bean and wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Qiao
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Grain Groups, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming Systems in Desert Oasis Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830091, China
| | - Shuikuan Bei
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chunjie Li
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Dong
- College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Haigang Li
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peter Christie
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junling Zhang
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
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Teste FP, Veneklaas EJ, Dixon KW, Lambers H. Is nitrogen transfer among plants enhanced by contrasting nutrient-acquisition strategies? PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:50-60. [PMID: 24811370 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) transfer among plants has been found where at least one plant can fix N2 . In nutrient-poor soils, where plants with contrasting nutrient-acquisition strategies (without N2 fixation) co-occur, it is unclear if N transfer exists and what promotes it. A novel multi-species microcosm pot experiment was conducted to quantify N transfer between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM), ectomycorrhizal (EM), dual AM/EM, and non-mycorrhizal cluster-rooted plants in nutrient-poor soils with mycorrhizal mesh barriers. We foliar-fed plants with a K(15) NO3 solution to quantify one-way N transfer from 'donor' to 'receiver' plants. We also quantified mycorrhizal colonization and root intermingling. Transfer of N between plants with contrasting nutrient-acquisition strategies occurred at both low and high soil nutrient levels with or without root intermingling. The magnitude of N transfer was relatively high (representing 4% of donor plant N) given the lack of N2 fixation. Receiver plants forming ectomycorrhizas or cluster roots were more enriched compared with AM-only plants. We demonstrate N transfer between plants of contrasting nutrient-acquisition strategies, and a preferential enrichment of cluster-rooted and EM plants compared with AM plants. Nutrient exchanges among plants are potentially important in promoting plant coexistence in nutrient-poor soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- François P Teste
- School of Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley (Perth), Western Australia, 6009, Australia
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Resource Transfer Between Plants Through Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Networks. ECOLOGICAL STUDIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-017-7395-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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