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O’Hara KL, Wolchik SA, Rhodes CA, Uhlman RN, Sandler IN, Tein JY. Preventing Adverse Outcomes for Bereaved Youth: Indirect Effects From a Randomized Trial of the Family Bereavement Program on Fear of Abandonment, Grief, and Mental Health. J Pediatr Psychol 2024; 49:247-258. [PMID: 37654097 PMCID: PMC11019585 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether the self-system belief of fear of abandonment mediated the effects of intervention-induced change in 2 protective factors-positive parenting and adaptive coping-and one risk factor-stressful events-on youth mental health problems and maladaptive grief. This study extends prior research on fear of abandonment in youth who experience parental death by examining pathways through which a program reduced fear of abandonment and, in turn, affected subsequent pathways to child mental health problems in the context of a randomized experiment. METHODS This is a secondary data analysis study. We used data from the 4-wave longitudinal 2-arm parallel randomized controlled trial of the Family Bereavement Program conducted between 1996 and 1999 in a large city in the Southwestern United States. The sample consisted of 244 offspring between 8 and 16 at the pretest. They were assessed again at posttest, 11-month follow-up, and 6-year follow-up. Offspring, caregivers, and teachers provided data. RESULTS Mediation analyses indicated that intervention-induced reductions in stressful events were prospectively associated with a lower fear of abandonment. For girls, fear of abandonment was related to self-reported maladaptive grief and teacher-reported internalizing problems 6 years later. CONCLUSIONS This study extends prior research on the relation between intervention-induced changes in risk and protective factors and improvements in outcomes of bereaved youth. The findings support the reduction of stressful events as a key proximal target of prevention programs for bereaved children.
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O’Hara KL, Wolchik SA, Sandler IN, West SG, Reis HT, Collins LM, Lyon AR, Cummings EM. Preventing Mental Health Problems in Children After High Conflict Parental Separation/Divorce Study: An Optimization Randomized Controlled Trial Protocol. MENTAL HEALTH & PREVENTION 2023; 32:200301. [PMID: 38496232 PMCID: PMC10938851 DOI: 10.1016/j.mhp.2023.200301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Parental divorce is a childhood stressor that affects approximately 1.1 million children in the U.S. annually. The children at greatest risk for deleterious mental health consequences are those exposed to high interparental conflict (IPC) following the separation/divorce. Research shows that children's emotional security and coping efficacy mediate the impact of IPC on their mental health. Interventions targeting their adaptive coping in response to IPC events may bolster their emotional security and coping efficacy. However, existing coping interventions have not been tested with children exposed to high post-separation/divorce IPC, nor has any study assessed the effects of individual intervention components on children's coping with IPC and their mental health. This intensive longitudinal intervention study examines the mechanisms through which coping intervention components impact children's responses to interactions in interparental relationships. A 23 factorial experiment will assess whether, and to what extent, three candidate intervention components demonstrate main and interactive effects on children's coping and mental health. Children aged 9-12 (target N = 144) will be randomly assigned to one of eight combinations of three components with two levels each: (1) reappraisal (present vs. absent), (2) distraction (present vs. absent), (3) relaxation (present vs. absent). The primary outcomes are child-report emotional security and coping efficacy at one-month post-intervention. Secondary outcomes include internalizing and externalizing problems at the three-month follow-up. Based on data from this optimization phase RCT, intervention components will be selected to comprise a multi-component intervention and assessed for effectiveness in a subsequent evaluation phase RCT.
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Sandler I, Tein JY, Zhang N, Wolchik SA. Developmental Pathways of the Family Bereavement Program to Prevent Major Depression 15 Years Later. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 62:1233-1244. [PMID: 36898606 PMCID: PMC10485172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2023.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the developmental pathways through which the Family Bereavement Program (FBP) reduces major depression and generalized anxiety disorder 15 years later. METHOD A randomized trial of the FBP included 5 assessments, at pretest, posttest (98% retention), and follow-ups at 11 months (90% retention), 6 years (89% retention), and 15 years (80% retention) following the program. Participants included 244 children and adolescents (from 156 families) 8 to 16 years of age who were randomly assigned to the FBP (135 children/adolescents, 90 families), a 12-session program that included a caregiver component and a child/adolescent component or a literature comparison condition (109 children/adolescents, 66 families). In-home interviews assessed mediators directly targeted for change at post-test and 11 months (eg, parenting and coping); 6-year theoretical mediators (ie, internalizing problems, aversive views of the self) and 15-year children's/adolescents' major depression and generalized anxiety disorder. Data analysis tested 3 path mediation models in which FBP effects at post-test and 11 months led to effects on 6-year theoretical mediators, which in turn lad to reductions in major depression and generalized anxiety disorder at 15 years. RESULTS The FBP had a significant effect on reducing the prevalence of major depression (odds ratio = 0.332, p < .01) at 15 years. Significant 3-path mediation models found that multiple variables that were targeted by the caregiver and child components of the FBP at post-test and 11 months mediated FBP effects on depression at 15 years through their impact on aversive self-views and internalizing problems at 6 years. CONCLUSION The findings support the 15-year impact of the Family Bereavement Program on major depression and for maintaining components of the FBP that affect aspects of parenting and children's coping, grief, and self-regulation as the program is disseminated. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION 6-Year Follow-up of a Prevention Program for Bereaved Families; https://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT01008189. DIVERSITY & INCLUSION STATEMENT We worked to ensure race, ethnic, and/or other types of diversity in the recruitment of human participants. We actively worked to promote sex and gender balance in our author group. One or more of the authors of this paper self-identifies as a member of one or more historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science. We actively worked to promote inclusion of historically underrepresented racial and/or ethnic groups in science in our author group.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Na Zhang
- University of Connecticut, Mansfield, Connecticut
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van der Laan SEI, Berkelbach van der Sprenkel EE, Lenters VC, Finkenauer C, van der Ent CK, Nijhof SL. Defining and Measuring Resilience in Children with a Chronic Disease: a Scoping Review. ADVERSITY AND RESILIENCE SCIENCE 2023; 4:105-123. [PMID: 37139096 PMCID: PMC10088629 DOI: 10.1007/s42844-023-00092-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
More than 25% of all children grow up with a chronic disease. They are at higher risk for developmental and psychosocial problems. However, children who function resiliently manage to adapt positively to these challenges. We aim to systematically review how resilience is defined and measured in children with a chronic disease. A search of PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and PsycINFO was performed on December 9, 2022, using resilience, disease, and child/adolescent as search terms. Two reviewers independently screened articles for inclusion according to predefined criteria. Extraction domains included study characteristics, definition, and instruments assessing resilience outcomes, and resilience factors. Fifty-five out of 8766 articles were identified as relevant. In general, resilience was characterized as positive adaptation to adversity. The included studies assessed resilience by the outcomes of positive adaptation, or by resilience factors, or both. We categorized the assessed resilience outcomes into three groups: personal traits, psychosocial functioning, and disease-related outcomes. Moreover, myriad of resilience factors were measured, which were grouped into internal resilience factors (cognitive, social, and emotional competence factors), disease-related factors, and external factors (caregiver factors, social factors, and contextual factors). Our scoping review provides insight into the definitions and instruments used to measure resilience in children with a chronic disease. More knowledge is needed on which resilience factors are related to positive adaptation in specific illness-related challenges, which underlying mechanisms are responsible for this positive adaptation, and how these underlying mechanisms interact with one another. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42844-023-00092-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine E. I. van der Laan
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology,Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Virissa C. Lenters
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Catrin Finkenauer
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis K. van der Ent
- Department of Pediatric Pulmonology,Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne L. Nijhof
- Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Bowling J, Montanaro E, Cramer RJ, Mennicke A, Wilsey CN, Kaniuka AR, Wright S, Macchia JM, Langhinrichsen-Rohling J, Heron KE. Gender, sexual orientation, and mental health in the kink community: an application of coping self-efficacy theory. Psychol Health 2023; 38:478-493. [PMID: 34486898 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2021.1973001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper advances understanding of the kink community by examining mental health and coping-self efficacy (CSE) variation by gender and sexual orientation. DESIGN Adult members of the National Coalition for Sexual Freedom (N = 332) completed an online cross-sectional health assessment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The assessment included the Coping Self-Efficacy (CSE) Scale; Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale-21; and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. RESULTS Transgender and non-binary persons reported consistently low coping beliefs and poor mental health. Queer sexual minority persons reported low CSE thought stopping and high anxiety. Several CSE thought stopping moderation effects on mental health were observed. CONCLUSIONS Findings may inform clinical implications, as bolstering coping-related beliefs and skills via cognitive-behavioral therapy may offer mental health benefit to kink practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessamyn Bowling
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erika Montanaro
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robert J Cramer
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Annelise Mennicke
- School of Social Work, University of Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Corrine N Wilsey
- College of Health Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | - Andrea R Kaniuka
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Susan Wright
- National Coalition for Sexual Freedom, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - James M Macchia
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.,Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Kristin E Heron
- Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.,Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
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Purcell R, Kelly C. A systematic literature review to explore pupils’ perspectives on key outcomes of the Emotional Literacy Support Assistant (ELSA) intervention. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY IN PRACTICE 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/02667363.2023.2185208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Purcell
- Doctorate in Educational and Child Psychology, School of Environment, Education and Development (SEED), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Catherine Kelly
- Doctorate in Educational and Child Psychology, School of Environment, Education and Development (SEED), University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Ohkura Y, Ichikura K, Shindoh J, Ueno M, Udagawa H, Matsushima E. Association between psychological distress of each points of the treatment of esophageal cancer and stress coping strategy. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:214. [PMID: 36068609 PMCID: PMC9450358 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00914-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with esophageal cancer often feel depressed and are fearful of metastasis and death. Esophagectomy is an invasive procedure with a high incidence of complications. The objective of this study was to examine the association between psychological distress on each points of the treatment of esophageal cancer and stress coping strategy. Methods In total, 102 of 152 consecutive patients who attended the outpatient clinic at Toranomon Hospital between April 2017 and April 2019 met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this study. Questionnaires designed to identify psychological distress and stress coping strategies were longitudinally administered at 5 time points from the time of the first outpatient consultation to 3 months after esophagectomy. Results Although ‘fighting spirit’ (OR 0.836, 95% CI 0.762–0.918; p < 0.001) and ‘anxious preoccupation’ (OR 1.482, 95% CI 1.256–1.748; p < 0.001) were strongly related to psychological distress before treatment, as time of treatment passes, ‘helpless/hopeless’ (OR 1.337, 95% CI 1.099–1.626; p = 0.004) was strongly related to psychological distress after esophagectomy. There were no relationships between psychological distress and individual patient characteristics, with the exception of ‘history of surgery’ and ‘final staging’. The concordance index was 0.864 at time 1, 0.826 at time 2, 0.839 at time 3, 0.830 at time 4, and 0.840 at time 5. Conclusions The relationship between psychological distress and the Coping strategies was stronger on each points of the treatment of esophageal cancer than that between psychological distress and individual patient characteristics. This study uses prospective basic clinical data and may provide the baseline information for risk stratification for psychological management and for future clinical studies in these patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40359-022-00914-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ohkura
- Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan. .,Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kanako Ichikura
- Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Health Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Junichi Shindoh
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.,Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.,Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harushi Udagawa
- Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Digestive Tract Center, Toranomon Hospital Kajigaya, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Eisuke Matsushima
- Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Yan D, Yang X, Zhang H. Personality traits, self-efficacy, and friendship establishment: Group characteristics and network clustering of college students' friendships. Front Psychol 2022; 13:916938. [PMID: 36118467 PMCID: PMC9480517 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.916938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Friendship establishment was analyzed using constructs from social cognitive theory (self-efficacy and personality traits) and social network theory (reciprocity and triad closure). In further studies, we investigated the effect of personality traits, interpersonal self-efficacy, and network structure on the establishment of friendships. In this study, we used social network analysis method and exponential random graph model (ERGM). The following findings are reported. First, the friendship network of college students had small group characteristics, and the formation of this small group was more based on personality complementarity than similarity. The homogeneity hypothesis of personality was not tenable. Secondly, individuals with dominance or influence personality traits and high interpersonal self-efficacy were more likely to be in the center of the friendship network. Furthermore, personality traits and interpersonal self-efficacy may have interactive effects on the formation of friendship networks. Popularity and activity effects existed in friendship networks, but the reciprocal relationship based on personality traits was not verified. The balance structure can easily explain the agglomeration of friendships in a small range, indicating that small groups of friendships prefer a two-way circular close relationship. Finally, the formation of a friendship network includes the comprehensive process of individual characteristics and endogenous tie formation, which helps us to understand the social population structure and its process over a wider range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Yan
- Department of Sociology, School of Ethnology and Sociology, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Institute of Population, School of Economics, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Huanzhe Zhang
- Department of Sociology and Psychology, School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Serrano S, Atherton OE, Robins RW, Damian RI. Whose self-control development suffers or benefits in the face of adversity? A longitudinal study of Mexican-origin youth followed from age 10 to 16. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2022; 36:653-664. [PMID: 37886041 PMCID: PMC10601790 DOI: 10.1177/08902070221080278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the co-development of adversity and effortful control based on a sample of Mexican-origin youth (N = 674) and their parents. We used a four-wave longitudinal design and followed target participants from age 10 to 16. At each time point, we measured adversity experienced by the children and their parents and children's effortful control (self- and parent-reported). We also assessed children's shift-and-persist coping strategies at ages 14 and 16. Across time, we found slight decreases in child-adversity and slight increases in parent-adversity. Based on bivariate LGC analyses, we found that the strongest effects surfaced for child- (vs. parent-) adversity. Specifically, we found that greater increases in child-adversity were associated with greater decreases in effortful control from ages 10 to 16. Moreover, we found a positive association between initial levels of child-adversity and the slope of effortful control, as well as a cross-sectional negative association between child- and parent-adversity and effortful control (at age 10). We found no evidence of moderation by shift-and-persist coping strategies. In sum, our results suggest that, on average, Mexican-origin youth exposed to more adversity might experience more maladaptive change with respect to effortful control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olivia E Atherton
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Richard W Robins
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
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O'Donnell AJ, Sánchez B, Grant KE. Latinx adolescents' trust in adults: A precursor to psychological well-being via mentoring relational quality and self-esteem. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:1681-1699. [PMID: 34797918 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to test a longitudinal model of trust in adults and psychological well-being among Latinx adolescents, a population that has received little attention in the trust literature. The participants were urban, low-income Latinx (N = 294) students at two urban, Midwestern high schools who indicated they had at least one natural mentor in 9th grade. Participants completed surveys at two-time points, in 9th and 10th grade, and responded to measures of their feelings toward adults, quality of their natural mentoring relationships, self-esteem, intrinsic academic motivation, and coping self-efficacy. More trust in adults was indirectly, but not directly, associated with higher coping self-efficacy via higher mentoring relational quality and self-esteem. Positive expectations of adults may open Latinx youth to closeness in natural mentoring relationships and positive self-perceptions, which may, in turn, bolster coping ability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bernadette Sánchez
- Department of Educational Psychology, College of Education, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn E Grant
- Department of Psychology, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Xu F, Huang L. Impacts of Stress and Risk Perception on Mental Health of College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Coping Efficacy. Front Psychiatry 2022; 12:767189. [PMID: 35185635 PMCID: PMC8854850 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.767189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECT In this study, we aimed to explore the influences of pandemic stress, risk perception, and coping efficacy on the mental health of Chinese college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS A nationally representative sample of Chinese college students (N = 3,381, M age = 20.85, SD age = 1.31) took part in an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Correlation coefficients, structural equation modeling, and other statistical analysis methods were used for data analysis. RESULTS (1) The Chinese college students' pandemic stress and perceived pandemic risk were found to be moderate (3.51 ± 0.83, 3.45 ± 0.94), whereas their perceived infection risk was lower (2.10 ± 0.67). Their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic was found to be good (3.80 ± 0.73). (2) The quality of their mental health was significantly and negatively associated with pandemic stress, perceived pandemic risk, and perceived infection risk. The level of their mental health was significantly and positively associated with coping efficacy, and their coping efficacy was significantly and negatively associated with pandemic stress, perceived pandemic risk, and perceived infection risk. CONCLUSION Coping efficacy played a partial mediating role in the relationship between pandemic stress and mental health, coping efficacy played a partial mediating role in the relationship between perceived infection risk and mental health, and coping efficacy played a complete mediating role in the relationship between perceived pandemic risk and mental health. Our findings show the importance of fostering college students' coping efficacy to improve their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuming Xu
- School of Education Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, China
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Long Huang
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
- School of Humanities and Management, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
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12
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Stanger SB, Abaied JL. Predictive utility of a novel observational assessment of child coping. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B. Stanger
- Department of Psychology Allegheny College Meadville Pennsylvania USA
| | - Jamie L. Abaied
- Department of Psychological Science University of Vermont Burlington Vermont USA
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Palamarchuk IS, Vaillancourt T. Mental Resilience and Coping With Stress: A Comprehensive, Multi-level Model of Cognitive Processing, Decision Making, and Behavior. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:719674. [PMID: 34421556 PMCID: PMC8377204 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.719674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aversive events can evoke strong emotions that trigger cerebral neuroactivity to facilitate behavioral and cognitive shifts to secure physiological stability. However, upon intense and/or chronic exposure to such events, the neural coping processes can be maladaptive and disrupt mental well-being. This maladaptation denotes a pivotal point when psychological stress occurs, which can trigger subconscious, "automatic" neuroreactivity as a defence mechanism to protect the individual from potential danger including overwhelming unpleasant feelings and disturbing or threatening thoughts.The outcomes of maladaptive neural activity are cognitive dysfunctions such as altered memory, decision making, and behavior that impose a risk for mental disorders. Although the neurocognitive phenomena associated with psychological stress are well documented, the complex neural activity and pathways related to stressor detection and stress coping have not been outlined in detail. Accordingly, we define acute and chronic stress-induced pathways, phases, and stages in relation to novel/unpredicted, uncontrollable, and ambiguous stressors. We offer a comprehensive model of the stress-induced alterations associated with multifaceted pathophysiology related to cognitive appraisal and executive functioning in stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna S Palamarchuk
- Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tracy Vaillancourt
- Counselling Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.,School of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Shapiro JB, Bryant FB, Holmbeck GN, Hood KK, Weissberg-Benchell J. Do baseline resilience profiles moderate the effects of a resilience-enhancing intervention for adolescents with type I diabetes? Health Psychol 2021; 40:337-346. [PMID: 34152787 DOI: 10.1037/hea0001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Resilience processes include modifiable individual and family-based skills and behaviors and are associated with better health and emotional outcomes for youth with Type I diabetes (T1D). There is likely heterogeneity among adolescents with T1D based on differing profiles of resilience processes. At-risk adolescents with lower levels of modifiable skills and assets may benefit more from psychosocial skill-building interventions, compared to adolescents who already have strong resilience processes. This article identified whether there are subgroups of adolescents with T1D based on resilience process profiles and assessed differences in glycemic control, diabetes management behaviors, and distress at baseline. It also evaluated subgroups as moderators of the efficacy of a psychosocial skill-building program. METHOD Two hundred sixty-four adolescents with T1D (14 to 18 years) were randomly assigned to a resilience-promoting program (N = 133) or diabetes education control (N = 131). Data were collected at seven time points over 3 years and analyzed with latent profile analysis and latent growth curve modeling. RESULTS There were two subgroups with high- versus low-resilience processes. The low-resilience subgroup exhibited more distress, higher HbA1c, less glucose monitoring, and fewer diabetes management behaviors at baseline. Differences persisted over 3 years. Subgroup membership did not moderate the efficacy of a resilience-promoting program compared to control. The resilience program resulted in lower distress regardless of subgroup. CONCLUSIONS There is heterogeneity in resilience process profiles, which are associated with clinically meaningful differences in distress, diabetes management, and glycemic control. Findings can be used to identify at-risk teenagers and inform a targeted approach to care. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Olatunji OA, Idemudia ES. The multidimensionality of inter-parental conflict on aggression and mental health among adolescents. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07124. [PMID: 34136694 PMCID: PMC8176318 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The research sets out to reveal that multidimensionality of inter-parental conflict is a limitation in the direction of research which suggests that inter-parental conflict is a risk factor to poor mental health and aggression in adolescents. To validate the above assertion, 394 adolescents (227 males; mean age = 15.6, SD = 1.74) were purposively sampled for the study. Two hypotheses were formulated and tested and data were analyzed using the multiple regression analysis and Multivariate Analysis of Variance/Analysis of Variance (MANOVA/ANOVA) statistics. Results indicated that all dimensions of inter-parental conflict and its full scale had a significantly positive correlation with aggression while all dimensions of inter-parental conflict had a significant negative correlation with adolescents' mental health. Results further showed that all dimensions of inter-parental conflict jointly associated with aggression but only the dimensions of frequency and intensity independently related with aggression. All dimensions of inter-parental conflict jointly related with mental health while intensity, resolution, coping efficacy and self-blame dimensions independently associated with mental health of adolescents. Based on the above, the researchers recommended that the dimensionality of inter-parental conflict should be considered in further research and that intervention programs should aim at promoting positive family relationship, reducing family stress and promoting positive mental health as adolescents grow and develop in the course of time.
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Fear, Stress, Resilience and Coping Strategies during COVID-19 in Spanish University Students. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13115824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 (2019 coronavirus pandemic) and the resulting confinement has had an impact on mental health and the educational environment, affecting the stress, concerns, fear, and life quality of the university population. This study aimed to examine the correlation between fear of COVID-19, stress with COVID-19, and technological stress in university students, and their resilience, self-esteem, and coping strategies. The final sample comprised 180 Spanish university students, with an average age of 20.76 years (SD = 4.59). The above-mentioned effects were administered a series of self-report scales. We found statistically significant associations between fear of COVID-19 and stress with COVID-19, technological stress (total score), overload, and complexity (subdimensions of technological stress). Likewise, we found inverse relationships between the students’ fear of COVID-19 and the use of the coping strategy, cognitive restructuring. Ascertaining the factors that influence the coping strategies of undergraduate university students and their fears, psychological stress, and resilience provides valuable information for the development of educational interventions. This research has relevant implications for the diagnosis, orientation, and design of psycho-educational and clinical interventions that can improve students’ well-being and training for effective coping strategies for daily stress and this pandemic situation.
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Coping and Post-Traumatic Stress in Children and Adolescents after an Acute Onset Disaster: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094865. [PMID: 34063567 PMCID: PMC8124628 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute onset disasters impact children’s and adolescents’ psychological well-being, often leading to mental health challenges. The way a young person copes with the event plays a significant role in development of post-disaster psychopathology. Coping has been widely studied after acute onset disasters, however, difficulties conducting research in post-disaster contexts and the individualized nature of coping make accurate assessment of coping a significant challenge. A systematic literature search of multiple databases and previous reviews was conducted, exploring scholarly documentation of coping measurement and the relationship between coping and post-traumatic stress (PTSS) symptoms after acute onset disasters. A total of 384 peer-reviewed manuscripts were identified, and 18 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the current review. The studies examined coping and post-traumatic stress in the wake of acute onset disasters such as terrorist events and natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, and wildfires. Greater PTSS symptoms were related to internalizing, externalizing, rumination, and avoidant coping strategies. Coping measurement was constrained due to measurement variance, lack of developmentally and contextually vali-dated instruments, theoretical misalignment, and absence of comprehensive tools to assess coping. Robust and consistent measures of coping should be established to inform research and interventions to reduce the impact of disasters on children’s and adolescents’ well-being.
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18
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Figge CJ, Martinez-Torteya C, Bogat GA, Levendosky AA. Child Appraisals of Interparental Conflict: The Effects of Intimate Partner Violence and Parent-Child Relationship Quality. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2021; 36:NP4919-NP4940. [PMID: 30156952 DOI: 10.1177/0886260518794509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Children's appraisals of interparental violence, including appraisals of high threat and low coping efficacy, are robust predictors of behavioral and emotional problems. However, few studies have examined the factors that account for children's use of these maladaptive appraisals, particularly among children exposed to more severe forms of interparental conflict. The current study examines parent-child relationship quality as a mediator of the effect of intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure on children's appraisals of conflict. Participants were 118 mother-child dyads (54 girls and 64 boys), recruited from three Midwestern counties. Consistent with previous reports, child exposure to IPV, as reported by children's mothers, predicted higher threat and lower coping efficacy appraisals. In addition, mediation analyses showed child reports of parent-child relationship quality mediated the association between IPV and coping efficacy, but not the effects of IPV on threat appraisals. The role of parent-child relationships in shaping cognitive appraisals in the context of IPV exposure can have implications for prevention and intervention efforts as well as public policy.
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Heaslip GP, Davis H, Barber BL. Extracurricular activity participation in early adolescence predicts coping efficacy one year later. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1884000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel P. Heaslip
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Helen Davis
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Bonnie L. Barber
- Griffith Health Executive, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
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20
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Parenting style, coping efficacy, and risk-taking behavior in Chinese young adults. JOURNAL OF PACIFIC RIM PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1017/prp.2019.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between three parenting styles (warmth, rejection, and overprotection), coping efficacy and risk-taking behavior in Chinese young adults. A total of 719 subjects completed three instruments: the Egna Minneu av Bardndosnauppforstran, the Coping Efficacy Questionnaire and the Adolescent Risk-Taking Questionnaire. Structural equation modeling results showed that maternal warmth (negatively) and rejection (positively), but not overprotection, correlated with risk-taking behavior via coping efficacy, whereas paternal rejection and overprotection (positively), but not warmth, correlated with risk-taking behavior via coping efficacy. These results suggest that parenting styles indirectly associate with risk-taking behavior through coping efficacy in young adults.
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21
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Ohkura Y, Shindoh J, Ichikura K, Udagawa H, Ueno M, Matsushima E. Perioperative risk factors of psychological distress in patients undergoing treatment for esophageal cancer. World J Surg Oncol 2020; 18:326. [PMID: 33298095 PMCID: PMC7727175 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-020-02092-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Esophageal cancer patients often feel depressed and are fearful of metastasis and death. The objective of this study was to clarify the characteristics of patients with psychological distress at all 5 time points compared with patients with no psychological distress especially from standpoints of personal coping styles and QOL. Methods In total, 102 of 152 consecutive patients who attended the outpatient clinic at Toranomon Hospital between April 2017 and April 2019 met eligibility criteria for inclusion in this study. Questionnaires designed to identify psychological distress (HADS-scores) and assess QOL (EORTC QLQ C-30/OES18) were administered at 5 time points from the time of the first outpatient consultation to 3 months after esophagectomy. The questionnaire of coping strategies (MAC-scales) was administered at only time 1 point. Results Based on the trends of HADS-scores, we defined two groups: “persistent high-HAD scores” and “persistent low-HADS scores.” There are strong relationships between psychological distress and coping strategy, and psychological distress and QOL. The possibility that there are relationships between stress coping strategies and some QOL status depending on some point of treatment. Conclusions The psychological distress during the treatment course of esophageal cancer is significantly associated with the coping strategies and QOL influenced by esophagectomy. This study can provide baseline information for identifying patients in need of psychological management and paves the way for larger clinical studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ohkura
- Section Division of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan. .,Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Junichi Shindoh
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.,Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kanako Ichikura
- Department of Health Science School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Harushi Udagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.,Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Ueno
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan.,Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Eisuke Matsushima
- Section Division of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Extracurricular Activity Intensity and Adolescent Risk-Taking: Exploring Interactive Effects of Contextual Risk and Coping Efficacy. THE EDUCATIONAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGIST 2020. [DOI: 10.1017/edp.2016.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Freire C, Ferradás MDM, Regueiro B, Rodríguez S, Valle A, Núñez JC. Coping Strategies and Self-Efficacy in University Students: A Person-Centered Approach. Front Psychol 2020; 11:841. [PMID: 32508707 PMCID: PMC7248269 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In daily academic life, students are exposed to a wide range of potentially stressful situations which could negatively affect their academic achievement and their health. Among the factors that could be weakened by academic stress, attention has been paid to expectations of self-efficacy, which are considered one of the most important determinants for student engagement, persistence, and academic success. From a proactive perspective, research on academic stress has emphasized the importance of coping strategies in preventing harmful consequences. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in discovering the extent to which individuals are able to combine different coping strategies and the adaptive consequences this flexibility entails. However, studies using this person-centered approach are still scarce in the academic context. On that basis, this current study had two objectives: (a) to examine the existence of different profiles of university students based on how they combined different approach coping strategies (positive reappraisal, support seeking, and planning) and (b) to determine the existence of differences in general expectations of self-efficacy between those coping profiles. A total of 1,072 university students participated in the study. The coping profiles were determined by latent profile analysis (LPA). The differences in the self-efficacy variable were determined using ANCOVA, with gender, university year, and degree type as covariates. Four approach coping profiles were identified: (a) low generalized use of approach coping strategies; (b) predominance of social approach coping approaches; (c) predominance of cognitive approach coping approaches; and (d) high generalized use of approach coping strategies. The profile showed that a greater combination of the three strategies was related to higher general self-efficacy expectations and vice versa. These results suggest that encouraging flexibility in coping strategies would help to improve university students’ self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Freire
- Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | | | - Bibiana Regueiro
- Department of Pedagogy and Didactics, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Susana Rodríguez
- Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antonio Valle
- Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
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Developmental cascade effects of a parenting-focused program for divorced families on competence in emerging adulthood. Dev Psychopathol 2020; 33:201-215. [PMID: 32308168 DOI: 10.1017/s095457941900169x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This 15-year longitudinal follow-up of a randomized controlled trial of a parenting-focused preventive intervention for divorced families examined cascade models of program effects on offsprings' competence. It was hypothesized that intervention-induced improvements in parenting would lead to better academic, work, peer, and romantic competence in emerging adulthood through effects on behavior problems and competencies during adolescence. Families (N = 240) participated in the 11-session program or literature control condition when children were ages 9-12. Data were drawn from assessments at pretest, posttest, and follow-ups at 3 and 6 months and 6 and 15 years. Results showed that initial intervention effects of parenting on externalizing problems in adolescence cascaded to work outcomes in adulthood. Parenting effects also directly impacted work success. For work outcomes and peer competence, intervention effects were moderated by initial risk level; the program had greater effects on youths with higher risk at program entry. In addition, intervention effects on parenting led to fewer externalizing problems that in turn cascaded to better academic outcomes, which showed continuity into emerging adulthood. Results highlight the potential for intervention effects of the New Beginnings Program to cascade over time to affect adult competence in multiple domains, particularly for high-risk youths.
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25
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Psychological factors associated with financial hardship and mental health: A systematic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2020; 77:101832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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O'Hara KL, Sandler IN, Wolchik SA, Tein JY. Coping in context: The effects of long-term relations between interparental conflict and coping on the development of child psychopathology following parental divorce. Dev Psychopathol 2019; 31:1695-1713. [PMID: 31535609 PMCID: PMC6854280 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579419000981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to high levels of postdivorce interparental conflict is a well-documented risk factor for the development of psychopathology, and there is strong evidence of a subpopulation of families for which conflict persists for many years after divorce. However, existing studies have not elucidated differential trajectories of conflict within families over time, nor have they assessed the risk posed by conflict trajectories for development of psychopathology or evaluated potential protective effects of children's coping to mitigate such risk. We used growth mixture modeling to identify longitudinal trajectories of child-reported conflict over a period of six to eight years following divorce in a sample of 240 children. We related the trajectories to children's mental health problems, substance use, and risky sexual behaviors and assessed how children's coping prospectively predicted psychopathology in the different conflict trajectories. We identified three distinct trajectories of conflict; youth in two high-conflict trajectories showed deleterious effects on measures of psychopathology at baseline and the six-year follow-up. We found both main effects of coping and coping by conflict trajectory interaction effects in predicting problem outcomes at the six-year follow-up. The study supports the notion that improving youth's general capacity to cope adaptively is a potentially modifiable protective factor for all children facing parental divorce and that children in families with high levels of postdivorce conflict are a particularly appropriate group to target for coping-focused preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karey L O'Hara
- REACH Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - Irwin N Sandler
- REACH Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | | | - Jenn-Yun Tein
- REACH Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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27
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Myers-Coffman K, Baker FA, Daly BP, Palisano R, Bradt J. The Resilience Songwriting Program for Adolescent Bereavement: A Mixed Methods Exploratory Study. J Music Ther 2019; 56:348-380. [PMID: 31605612 DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thz011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Music therapy research with youth who are grieving often reports on a combination of interventions, such as lyric analysis, improvisation, and/or songwriting. Unfortunately, the lack of theoretical transparency in how and why these interventions affect targeted outcomes limits interpretation and application of this important research. In this exploratory study, the authors evaluated the impact of an 8-session, theory-driven group songwriting program on protective factors in adolescent bereavement, and also sought to better understand adolescents' experiences of the program. Using a single-group, pretest-posttest convergent mixed methods design, participants were enrolled from three study sites and included 10 adolescents (five girls and five boys), ages 11-17 years, who self-identified as grieving a loss. Outcomes measured included grief, coping, emotional expression, self-esteem, and meaning making. Qualitative data were captured through in-session journaling and semi-structured interviews. There were no statistically significant improvements for grief, self-esteem, coping, and meaning making. Individual score trends suggested improvements in grief. The majority of the participants reported greater inhibition of emotional expression, and this was statistically significant. Thematic findings revealed that the program offered adolescents a sense of togetherness, a way to safely express grief-related emotions and experiences verbally and nonverbally, and opportunities for strengthening music and coping skills. These findings suggest that engaging in collaborative therapeutic songwriting with grieving peers may decrease levels of grief, enhance creative expression, and provide social support. More research is needed on measuring self-esteem, emotional expression, coping, and meaning making outcomes in ways that are meaningful to adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joke Bradt
- Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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28
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Duvenage M, Uink BN, Zimmer-Gembeck MJ, Barber BL, Donovan CL, Modecki KL. Ambulatory Assessment of Adolescent Coping: It's a Complicated Process. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2019; 29:578-594. [PMID: 31573763 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Scholars have long-called for researchers to treat coping as a process that is measured over an arc of time. Ambulatory assessment (AA) offers an appealing tool for capturing the dynamic process of adolescent coping. However, challenges in capturing the coping process are not altogether circumvented with AA designs. We conducted a scoping review of the AA literature on adolescent coping and draw from 60 studies to provide an overview of the field. We provide critiques of different AA approaches and highlight benefits and costs associated with various types of measurement within AA. We also speak to considerations of participant burden and compliance. We conclude with recommendations for developmental scholars seeking to deploy AA to capture this quintessential process among adolescents.
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29
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Iturralde E, Rausch JR, Weissberg-Benchell J, Hood KK. Diabetes-Related Emotional Distress Over Time. Pediatrics 2019; 143:e20183011. [PMID: 31043453 PMCID: PMC6564058 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-3011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Many adolescents with type 1 diabetes experience diabetes-related distress (DRD; the negative emotional reactions specific to managing diabetes), but most research on DRD among adolescents relies on cross-sectional data. We assess adolescents' longitudinal DRD patterns and predictors of chronic DRD. METHODS This secondary analysis of data from a depression prevention clinical trial included 264 adolescents with type 1 diabetes randomly assigned to a resilience or education intervention (mean age: 15.7 ± 1.1 years; 59.8% female). Youth reported their DRD at 5 assessments over 16 months. Using latent class growth analysis, we classified adolescents into trajectory groups according to baseline starting point (intercept) and rate of change (slope) of DRD. We examined bivariate associations between trajectory group membership and demographic and clinical factors. Baseline predictors of chronic DRD were assessed via multiple logistic regression. RESULTS Participants were classified into 4 groups: stable high DRD (7.2%; high intercept, flat slope), stable moderate DRD (28.0%; above-average intercept, flat slope), improving DRD (33.7%; average intercept, downward slope), and low DRD (31.1%; below-average intercept, downward slope). Lower hemoglobin A1c, greater adherence, fewer socioemotional difficulties, and more adaptive coping distinguished the improving and low DRD trajectories. Chronic DRD patterns were associated with female sex and higher depressive symptoms and hemoglobin A1c. CONCLUSIONS In this study of adolescents' DRD trajectories during and after a psychoeducational intervention, one-third of youth were classified as having chronic, elevated DRD. Links with multiple clinical factors support efforts for routine DRD screening and comprehensive interventions for distressed youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esti Iturralde
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California
| | - Joseph R Rausch
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus Ohio; and
| | - Jill Weissberg-Benchell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Korey K Hood
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California;
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Quy K, Gibb J, Neil L, Smith M. Development and Preliminary Validation of a Self-Report Coping Response Measure in a Community Sample of Children in Middle Childhood. J Pers Assess 2019; 102:628-640. [PMID: 31100025 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2019.1606003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Coping plays a key role in psychological adjustment. However, whereas coping in adulthood has been extensively studied, coping in childhood remains relatively sparsely researched. This might be in part due to the fact that measures of coping have yet to be developed that are suitable for use with young children. This article describes the development and preliminary validation of the Profile of Coping Dimensions in Children (PCDC), a new, theory-driven measure of coping suitable for use in middle childhood, designed to assess coping as a multidimensional construct across 11 dimensions linked with well-being. Patterns of coping across age and gender were also examined. Participants were 2,566 children between 7 and 11 years old, attending 15 primary (elementary) schools in the southeast of England. The measure was administered along with other questionnaires designed to measure anxiety, somatization, and perceived stress and happiness. The measure was found to be easy to use, and suitable for use in this age group. Coping response styles assessed using the measure were found to vary by age and gender, and were differentially associated with measures of anxiety, somatization, and perceived stress and happiness. Results provide preliminary support for the utility of the measure as a multidimensional assessment of coping in middle childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Quy
- Thomas Coram Research Unit, Department of Social Science, UCL Institute of Education
| | | | - Louise Neil
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London
| | - Marjorie Smith
- Thomas Coram Research Unit, Department of Social Science, UCL Institute of Education
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Hood KK, Iturralde E, Rausch J, Weissberg-Benchell J. Preventing Diabetes Distress in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: Results 1 Year After Participation in the STePS Program. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1623-1630. [PMID: 29921624 PMCID: PMC6054495 DOI: 10.2337/dc17-2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim is to report 1-year outcomes of the Supporting Teens Problem Solving (STePS) study, a randomized controlled trial comparing a distress and depression prevention program with a diabetes education program for adolescents with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS With 264 adolescents in two locations (Chicago and San Francisco Bay Area), a randomized controlled trial was conducted comparing the Penn Resilience Program for type 1 diabetes (PRP T1D) to Advanced Diabetes Education. Interventions lasted 4.5 months, and assessments were conducted at baseline, and 4.5, 8, 12, and 16 months. Outcomes of interest were diabetes distress (DD), depressive symptoms, resilience, diabetes self-management, and glycemic control. Latent growth curve modeling was used to test between-group differences over time. RESULTS Results indicate that there was acceptable randomization and exposure to interventions, and that exposure to PRP T1D was associated with substantial reductions in DD. In addition, stable glycemic control, resilience characteristics, and depressive symptoms were observed 1 year post-treatment. Diabetes management deteriorated in both groups. CONCLUSIONS Intervening before symptoms of psychological distress start can prevent the development of the DD commonly seen in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The STePS program represents a promising prevention program, and future reports on 2- and 3-year outcomes will explore benefits over longer periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korey K Hood
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Esti Iturralde
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Joseph Rausch
- The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jill Weissberg-Benchell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Kiff CJ, Ernestus S, Gonzalez A, Kendall PC, Albano AM, Compton SN, Birmaher B, Ginsburg GS, Rynn M, Walkup JT, McCracken J, Piacentini J. The Interplay of Familial and Individual Risk in Predicting Clinical Improvements in Pediatric Anxiety Disorders. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2018; 47:S542-S554. [PMID: 29877727 PMCID: PMC6289867 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2018.1460848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bioecological models of developmental psychopathology underscore the role of familial experiences of adversity and children's individual-level characteristics in heightening risk for pediatric anxiety through direct, combined, and interactive effects. To date, much of the existing research dedicated to pediatric anxiety disorders has largely been examined in bioecological models of diathesis-stress using community samples. This study extends our understanding of children's differential responsiveness to familial adversity by examining the diathesis-stress interaction of cumulative risk and children's individual-level vulnerabilities (negative affectivity and coping efficacy) within a clinic-referred treatment study for pediatric anxiety disorders. A cumulative risk index assessing exposure to familial adversity (e.g., socioeconomic status [SES], parent psychiatric illness) and self-reported measures of children's negative affectivity and coping efficacy were each measured at the intake of a randomized controlled clinical trial for the treatment of pediatric anxiety disorders (N = 488; 7-17 years of age). Trajectories of interviewer-rated anxiety symptoms were assessed across 12 weeks of treatment at baseline, 4 weeks, 8 weeks, and 12 weeks. Consistent with models of temperamental risk for mental health problems, negative affectivity predicted higher anxiety symptoms at intake. A significant diathesis-stress interaction between cumulative risk and coping efficacy emerged, as high risk and perceptions of lower coping efficacy attenuated declines in anxiety across 12 weeks. These patterns did not differ across treatment conditions. The results indicate that for youth experiencing high levels of stress, additional treatment efforts targeting familial stressors and coping efficacy may be important in maximizing treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara J Kiff
- a UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior , University of California Los Angeles
| | - Stephanie Ernestus
- a UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior , University of California Los Angeles
| | - Araceli Gonzalez
- b Department of Psychology , California State University , Long Beach
| | | | | | - Scott N Compton
- e Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Services , Duke University Medical Center
| | - Boris Birmaher
- f Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinics , University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
| | | | - Moira Rynn
- d Department of Psychiatry , Duke University
| | - John T Walkup
- h Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry , Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - James McCracken
- a UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior , University of California Los Angeles
| | - John Piacentini
- a UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior , University of California Los Angeles
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Hilliard ME, Iturralde E, Weissberg-Benchell J, Hood KK. The Diabetes Strengths and Resilience Measure for Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes (DSTAR-Teen): Validation of a New, Brief Self-Report Measure. J Pediatr Psychol 2018; 42:995-1005. [PMID: 28549160 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsx086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Despite the challenges of managing type 1 diabetes, many adolescents achieve optimal outcomes. A validated measure of diabetes-specific strengths is needed to measure adaptive behaviors and attitudes associated with overcoming challenges and achieving "resilient" outcomes. Methods Baseline data from 260 adolescents (age 14-18 years, M = 15.7 ± 1.1, 60% female, 33% Non-Caucasian, M A1c = 9.1 ± 1.9%) and caregivers in a behavioral intervention trial were analyzed to evaluate psychometric properties of the 12-item self-report Diabetes Strengths and Resilience measure for adolescents (DSTAR-Teen). Reliability and validity were examined in relation to measures of related constructs, regimen adherence, and glycemic outcomes, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted. Results Reliability was good (internal consistency: α = .89; item-total correlations: r range = .55-.78). Significant correlations demonstrated construct and criterion validity. A two-factor structure reflecting intrapersonal and interpersonal processes fit the data better than a one-factor solution. Conclusions The DSTAR-Teen has strong psychometric properties, captures adaptive aspects of adolescents' diabetes management (i.e., "strengths"), and is related to clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa E Hilliard
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital
| | - Esti Iturralde
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Jill Weissberg-Benchell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Korey K Hood
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
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Rotheram-Borus MJ, Swendeman D, Rotheram-Fuller E, Youssef MK. Family Coaching as a delivery modality for evidence-based prevention programs. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2018; 23:96-109. [PMID: 28849666 PMCID: PMC5858574 DOI: 10.1177/1359104517721958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Family Coaching is proposed as a new delivery format for evidence-based prevention programs (EBPPs). Three recent developments in health promotion support the potential efficacy of Family Coaching: (1) renewed interest in integrated prevention programs for multiple risk factors and behavior changes, (2) broad and long-term impacts of family-based interventions, and (3) popular acceptance of "coaching" as a nonstigmatizing, goal-focused intervention strategy. Family coaches are community members and paraprofessionals trained in common elements of EBPP. Family Coaching has specific goals, is short term, and has definable outcomes. Coaches frame the program's goals to be consistent with the family's values, normalize the family's experience, assess their strengths, and help the family set goals and develop skills and routines to problem solve challenging situations. Broad dissemination of EBPP will be facilitated with delivery formats that are flexible to meet families' priorities and providers' desires and capacities to tailor programs to local contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles; 10920 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 350, Los Angeles, California 90024 USA
| | - Dallas Swendeman
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles; 10920 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 350, Los Angeles, California 90024 USA
| | - Erin Rotheram-Fuller
- Mary Lou Fulton Teachers College, Arizona State University, PO Box 871811, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Maryann K Youssef
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, University of California at Los Angeles; 10920 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 350, Los Angeles, California 90024 USA
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Alexander AC, Ward KD. Understanding Postdisaster Substance Use and Psychological Distress Using Concepts from the Self-Medication Hypothesis and Social Cognitive Theory. J Psychoactive Drugs 2017; 50:177-186. [PMID: 29125424 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2017.1397304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This article applies constructs from the Self-Medication Hypothesis and Social Cognitive Theory to explain the development of substance use and psychological distress after a disaster. A conceptual model is proposed, which employs a sequential mediation model, identifying perceived coping self-efficacy, psychological distress, and self-medication as pathways to substance use after a disaster. Disaster exposure decreases perceived coping self-efficacy, which, in turn, increases psychological distress and subsequently increases perceptions of self-medication in vulnerable individuals. These mechanisms lead to an increase in postdisaster substance use. Last, recommendations are offered to encourage disaster researchers to test more complex models in studies on postdisaster psychological distress and substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Alexander
- a Graduate Assistant, Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health , University of Memphis , Memphis , TN , USA
| | - Kenneth D Ward
- b Professor, Division of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health , University of Memphis , Memphis , TN , USA
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Hamdan-Mansour AM, Abdel Razeq NM, AbdulHaq B, Arabiat D, Khalil AA. Displaced Syrian children's reported physical and mental wellbeing. Child Adolesc Ment Health 2017; 22:186-193. [PMID: 32680412 DOI: 10.1111/camh.12237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surviving a warzone inflicts harmful consequences on the physical health and the psychosocial wellbeing of children. This study aimed at exploring the physical and psychosocial perceived state of health of displaced Syrian refugee children in Jordan. METHODS A cross-sectional explorative design was applied. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data through face-to-face interviews with 250 Syrian refugee children. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. RESULTS Children had fair levels of physical health; their health concerns were minor. Psychosocially, 25% (n = 63) suffered from loneliness and 24% (n = 59) reported feeling depressed. The majority of children (>60%) had low rates of somatic pain. Age had a negative correlation with hyperactivity (r = -.14, p = .034); gender differences were found in anger expression and anger trait (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS The results in this study highlight a number of physical and psychosocial health concerns among refugee children. The health needs of displaced Syrian children need to be addressed using comprehensive assessment and care. Our findings documented the physical and psychosocial health needs of the displaced Syrian children in Jordan and addressed areas of focus to guide health promotion interventions and community health efforts for them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bayan AbdulHaq
- Refugee, Health, and Humanitarian Action Program, SIT Study Abroad, Amman, Jordan
| | - Diana Arabiat
- School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Amani A Khalil
- School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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Miller PA, Lloyd CA, Beard R. Preadolescents' Coping Goals and Strategies in Response to Postdivorce Interparental Conflict. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 4:260-280. [PMID: 30687768 DOI: 10.1037/qup0000067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have focused on preadolescents' appraisals, coping, and adjustment in the context of postdivorce interparental conflict, but have yet to assess their goals in these events. Fifty 9- to 12-year-old (52% female) preadolescents were interviewed to assess their goals for the coping strategies that they reported using in response to interparental conflict at home. The patterns observed were consistent with goal-oriented research in the peer conflict literature. Preadolescents reported goal orientations that matched (i.e., were functionally similar to) their respective behaviorally-based coping strategies, multiple goals for the same type of coping strategy, and multiple coping strategies for the same goal orientation. Relative to other coping strategies, preadolescents were more likely to choose a matching coping strategy to obtain social support, maintain self-boundary, and distraction goals. Relative to other goals, preadolescents' matching goal-strategy pairs occurred more frequently than nonmatching pairs, but these pairings accounted for about only one-third of the goals reported for a given strategy. Emotional regulation goal orientations more often than any other goal, which highlighted their importance in preadolescents coping with parental conflict. Finally, preadolescents' coping efforts were chosen for objectives beyond traditional category systems of coping, such as the personal characteristics of family members and others, helping others, and threats to self and others. Thus, the assessment of preadolescents' goals may improve our understanding of the motivations underlying their appraisals and coping strategies as they seek to adapt to interparental conflict environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Miller
- Associate Professor of Psychology, School of Social & Behavioral Sciences, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts & Sciences, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85069, , office: 602 543 6014, cell: 480 703 9350
| | - Carrie A Lloyd
- Senior Research Analyst, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, 602 496 0106,
| | - Rachelle Beard
- Glendale School District, Glendale, Arizona, 85225, (480)580-6135,
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Brummert Lennings HI, Bussey K. The mediating role of coping self-efficacy beliefs on the relationship between parental conflict and child psychological adjustment. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Brummert Lennings HI, Bussey K. Personal agency in children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025416635282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to develop a multidimensional measure for assessing children’s personal agency to handle parental conflict through their coping self-efficacy beliefs (Bandura, 1997). Coping self-efficacy beliefs are individuals’ perceived ability to motivate themselves, access cognitive resources, and perform the actions required to take control of stressful situations. This study examines the psychometric properties and validation of the newly created Parental Conflict Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (PCC-SES). The study was based on 663 children, in grades 5 and 7 and their mothers. An exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis through structural equation modeling supported the structure of the PCC-SES. The PCC-SES’s structure was facilitated by three global strategies, namely Proactive Behavior (problem solving and seeking social support), Avoiding Maladaptive Cognitions (avoiding preoccupation, avoiding self-blame and distancing) and Avoiding Maladaptive Behavior (avoiding aggression and avoiding overinvolvement).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kay Bussey
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Australia
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40
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Sánchez B, Mroczkowski AL, Liao LC, Cooper AC, Rivera C, DuBois DL. Mentoring as a Mediator or Moderator of the Association between Racial Discrimination and Coping Efficacy in Urban, Low-Income Latina/o Youth. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 59:15-24. [PMID: 28188650 DOI: 10.1002/ajcp.12114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the associations among mentoring relationship quality (i.e., relational and instrumental quality), racial discrimination and coping efficacy with racial discrimination. Three social support models were tested, including the stress buffering, support mobilization, and support deterioration models. Participants were 257 urban, low-income Latina/o high school students, who completed surveys in both 9th and 10th grades. While controlling for gender and coping efficacy with discrimination in 9th grade, results supported the social support deterioration model. Specifically, there was a significant indirect effect of racial discrimination in 9th grade on coping efficacy in 10th grade through instrumental mentoring quality. As racial discrimination increased, mentoring quality decreased and then coping efficacy decreased. We also found that more racial discrimination in 9th grade was significantly associated with lower coping efficacy in 10th grade, and higher instrumental mentoring quality in 9th grade was significantly associated with higher coping efficacy in 10th grade, while controlling for gender and coping efficacy in 9th grade. Implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Claudio Rivera
- Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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41
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Schmidt SJ, Schultze-Lutter F, Bendall S, Groth N, Michel C, Inderbitzin N, Schimmelmann BG, Hubl D, Nelson B. Mediators Linking Childhood Adversities and Trauma to Suicidality in Individuals at Risk for Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2017; 8:242. [PMID: 29249990 PMCID: PMC5715383 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicidality is highly prevalent in patients at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. Childhood adversities and trauma are generally predictive of suicidality. However, the differential effects of adversity/trauma-domains and CHR-criteria, i.e., ultra-high risk and basic symptom criteria, on suicidality remain unclear. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms and, thus, worthwhile targets for suicide-prevention are still poorly understood. Therefore, structural equation modeling was used to test theory-driven models in 73 CHR-patients. Mediators were psychological variables, i.e., beliefs about one's own competencies as well as the controllability of events and coping styles. In addition, symptomatic variables (depressiveness, basic symptoms, attenuated psychotic symptoms) were hypothesized to mediate the effect of psychological mediators on suicidality as the final outcome variable. Results showed two independent pathways. In the first pathway, emotional and sexual but not physical adversity/trauma was associated with suicidality, which was mediated by dysfunctional competence/control beliefs, a lack of positive coping-strategies and depressiveness. In the second pathway, cognitive basic symptoms but not attenuated psychotic symptoms mediated the relationship between trauma/adversity and suicidality. CHR-patients are, thus, particularly prone to suicidality if adversity/trauma is followed by the development of depressiveness. Regarding the second pathway, this is the first study showing that adversity/trauma led to suicidality through an increased risk for psychosis as indicated by cognitive basic symptoms. As insight is generally associated with suicidality, this may explain why self-experienced basic symptoms increase the risk for it. Consequently, these mediators should be monitored regularly and targeted by integrated interventions as early as possible to enhance resilience against suicidality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie J Schmidt
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frauke Schultze-Lutter
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sarah Bendall
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicola Groth
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Michel
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Developmental Clinical Psychology Research Unit, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Inderbitzin
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Benno G Schimmelmann
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Hubl
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Barnaby Nelson
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Wolchik SA, Tein JY, Sandler IN, Kim HJ. Developmental cascade models of a parenting-focused program for divorced families on mental health problems and substance use in emerging adulthood. Dev Psychopathol 2016; 28:869-88. [PMID: 27427811 PMCID: PMC5444389 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579416000365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A developmental cascade model from functioning in adolescence to emerging adulthood was tested using data from a 15-year longitudinal follow-up of 240 emerging adults whose families participated in a randomized, experimental trial of a preventive program for divorced families. Families participated in the program or literature control condition when the offspring were ages 9-12. Short-term follow-ups were conducted 3 months and 6 months following completion of the program when the offspring were in late childhood/early adolescence. Long-term follow-ups were conducted 6 years and 15 years after program completion when the offspring were in middle to late adolescence and emerging adulthood, respectively. It was hypothesized that the impact of the program on mental health and substance use outcomes in emerging adulthood would be explained by developmental cascade effects of program effects in adolescence. The results provided support for a cascade effects model. Specifically, academic competence in adolescence had cross-domain effects on internalizing problems and externalizing problems in emerging adulthood. In addition, adaptive coping in adolescence was significantly, negatively related to binge drinking. It was unexpected that internalizing symptoms in adolescence were significantly negatively related to marijuana use and alcohol use. Gender differences occurred in the links between mental health problems and substance use in adolescence and mental health problems and substance use in emerging adulthood.
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Sandler I, Tein JY, Cham H, Wolchik S, Ayers T. Long-term effects of the Family Bereavement Program on spousally bereaved parents: Grief, mental health problems, alcohol problems, and coping efficacy. Dev Psychopathol 2016; 28:801-18. [PMID: 27427807 PMCID: PMC5026637 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579416000328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on the findings from a 6-year follow-up of a randomized trial of the Family Bereavement Program (FBP) on the outcomes for spousally bereaved parents. Spousally bereaved parents (N = 131) participated in the trial in which they were randomly assigned to receive the FBP (N = 72) or literature control (N = 59). Parents were assessed at four time points: pretest, posttest, and 11-month and 6-year follow-up. They reported on mental health problems, grief, and parenting at all four time periods. At the 6-year follow-up, parents reported on additional measures of persistent complex bereavement disorder, alcohol abuse problems, and coping efficacy. Bereaved parents in the FBP as compared to those in the literature control had lower levels of symptoms of depression, general psychiatric distress, prolonged grief, and alcohol problems, and higher coping efficacy (for mothers) at the 6-year follow-up. Multiple characteristics of the parent (e.g., gender, age, and baseline mental health problems) and of the spousal death (e.g., cause of death) were tested as moderators of program effects on each outcome, but only 3 of 45 tests of moderation were significant. Latent growth modeling found that the effects of the FBP on depression, psychiatric distress, and grief occurred immediately following program participation and were maintained over 6 years. Mediation analysis found that improvement in positive parenting partially mediated program effects to reduce depression and psychiatric distress, but had an indirect effect to higher levels of grief at the 6-year follow-up. Mediation analysis also found that improved parenting at the 6-year follow-up was partially mediated by program effects to reduce depression and that program effects to increase coping efficacy at the 6-year follow-up was partially mediated through reduced depression and grief and improved parenting. FBP reduced mental health problems, prolonged grief, and alcohol abuse, and increased coping efficacy of spousally bereaved parents 6 years later. Mediation pathways for program effects differed across outcomes at the 6-year follow-up.
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Danoff-Burg S, Prelow HM, Swenson RR. Hope and Life Satisfaction in Black College Students Coping With Race-Related Stress. JOURNAL OF BLACK PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0095798403260725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This exploratory study examined the effects of hope and coping with race-related stress on life satisfaction in Black college students. Findings indicated that students with high hope had greater coping efficacy and used more problem-focused coping than students with low hope. Neither coping nor hope had a direct effect on life satisfaction. However, six of the nine Coping × Hope interactions were significant. Contrary to expectations, the pattern of interactions suggested that for students with high hope, life satisfaction was associated with less frequent use of active coping strategies, and for students with low hope, life satisfaction was associated with greater use of active coping strategies. We suggest future directions for research on the role of hope and coping in Black individuals dealing with race-related stress.
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45
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Weissberg-Benchell J, Rausch J, Iturralde E, Jedraszko A, Hood K. A randomized clinical trial aimed at preventing poor psychosocial and glycemic outcomes in teens with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Contemp Clin Trials 2016; 49:78-84. [PMID: 27267154 PMCID: PMC4969210 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk for a variety of emotional and behavioral challenges as well as negative diabetes outcomes. This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of a depression-prevention, resilience promotion program with an advanced diabetes education program. Each program consisted of 9 group-based sessions. There were 264 adolescents enrolled in this multi-site randomized clinical trial. The primary outcomes were depressive symptoms and glycemic control; secondary outcomes included resilience skills, diabetes management and adherence, and diabetes-specific distress. The goal of the present paper is to describe the study design, the intervention, and the baseline characteristics of the sample. Preliminary data suggests that enrollment, randomization and retention were successful. Longitudinal follow-up and examination of mechanisms of action as they relate to psychosocial and glycemic outcomes will be explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Rausch
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Esti Iturralde
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Aneta Jedraszko
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Korey Hood
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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Sladek MR, Doane LD, Luecken LJ, Eisenberg N. Perceived stress, coping, and cortisol reactivity in daily life: A study of adolescents during the first year of college. Biol Psychol 2016; 117:8-15. [PMID: 26876116 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents change how they cope with stress across different situations, but also differ from one another in their general capacity to cope. The current study examined whether cortisol reactivity to perceived daily stress varies with both situational (within-person) and individual (between-person) differences in coping. First-year college students (N=63; Mage=18.85) provided 15 stress-coping diaries and 15 corresponding saliva samples across 3 weekdays. Results from hierarchical linear growth models revealed that perceiving greater stress than usual in the last hour was significantly associated with elevations in cortisol (relative to diurnal patterning) only during situations characterized by greater than usual diary-reported engagement coping. Regarding individual differences, perceiving greater stress than usual was significantly associated with elevations in cortisol only for adolescents below average on trait measures of engagement coping or belief in their ability to handle stress. Findings indicate that cortisol reactivity to daily stress varies with both situational variation and individual differences in coping.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leah D Doane
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, USA
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47
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Angacian S, Bray MA, Kehle TJ, Byer-Alcorace G, Theodore LA, Cross K, DeBiase E. School-Based Intervention for Social Skills in Children from Divorced Families. JOURNAL OF APPLIED SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/15377903.2015.1084964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Langley AK, Gonzalez A, Sugar CA, Solis D, Jaycox L. Bounce back: Effectiveness of an elementary school-based intervention for multicultural children exposed to traumatic events. J Consult Clin Psychol 2015; 83:853-65. [PMID: 26302251 PMCID: PMC4573344 DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a school-based intervention for diverse children exposed to a range of traumatic events, and to examine its effectiveness in improving symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety. METHOD Participants were 74 schoolchildren (Grades 1-5) and their primary caregivers. All participating students endorsed clinically significant posttraumatic stress symptoms. School clinicians were trained to deliver Bounce Back, a 10-session cognitive-behavioral group intervention. Children were randomized to immediate or delayed (3-month waitlist) intervention. Parent- and child-report of posttraumatic stress and depression, and child report of anxiety symptoms, were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. RESULTS Bounce Back was implemented with excellent clinician fidelity. Compared with children in the delayed condition, children who received Bounce Back immediately demonstrated significantly greater improvements in parent- and child-reported posttraumatic stress and child-reported anxiety symptoms over the 3-month intervention. Upon receipt of the intervention, the delayed intervention group demonstrated significant improvements in parent- and child-reported posttraumatic stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms. The immediate treatment group maintained or showed continued gains in all symptom domains over the 3-month follow-up period (6-month assessment). CONCLUSIONS Findings support the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of the Bounce Back intervention as delivered by school-based clinicians for children with traumatic stress. Implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audra K Langley
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Araceli Gonzalez
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach
| | - Catherine A Sugar
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Diana Solis
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles
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Mohammad ET, Shapiro ER, Wainwright LD, Carter AS. Impacts of family and community violence exposure on child coping and mental health. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2015; 43:203-15. [PMID: 25084981 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-014-9889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
An ecological stress process model was employed to explore relations between children's exposures to family and community violence and child mental health, and emotionally-regulated coping (ERC) as a protective factor among Latino, European-American, and African-American school-aged children (n = 91; girls, n = 50[54 %]) living in single-parent families who were either homeless and residing in emergency shelters or housed but living in poverty. Mothers reported domestic violence experiences and their child's history of physical/sexual abuse, community violence exposures, and mental health. Children reported on exposure to community violence, internalizing symptoms, and coping. The mental health impacts of multi-level violence exposures and ERC as a moderator of associations between violence exposures and child mental health was tested with structural equation modeling. Family abuse was uniquely associated with PTSD, and community violence with anxiety and aggression. Latent interaction tests revealed that ERC moderated relations between family abuse and anxiety, aggression and PTSD. Emotionally-regulated coping appears to play a protective role for children's mental health in contexts of violence exposure, offering opportunities for intervention and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esror Tamim Mohammad
- Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA, 02125-3393, USA,
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50
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Drake EC, Sladek MR, Doane LD. Daily cortisol activity, loneliness, and coping efficacy in late adolescence: A longitudinal study of the transition to college. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2015; 40:334-345. [PMID: 28979055 DOI: 10.1177/0165025415581914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many late adolescents who transition to the college environment perceive changes in psychosocial stress. One such stressor, loneliness, has been associated with numerous health problems among adolescents and adults. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis is one mechanism through which loneliness may affect health. Guided by a risk and resilience framework, the present study investigated the association between longitudinal changes in loneliness from high school to college and diurnal cortisol activity (waking levels, cortisol awakening response, diurnal slope) by sampling saliva intensively 5 times a day for 3 weekdays in a US sample of late adolescents in their first semester of college (N = 70; Mage = 18.49, SD = 0.38). The present study also explored how the link between loneliness and cortisol might depend on coping efficacy-one's belief in successfully coping with future stressors or novel situations. Results from hierarchical linear growth curve models demonstrated that an increase in loneliness across this contextual transition was associated with steeper cortisol slopes in college. Coping efficacy at baseline (in high school) significantly moderated the relation between changes in loneliness and diurnal slopes, such that late adolescents with low levels of coping efficacy who reported increased loneliness across the transition exhibited significantly flatter diurnal slopes in college. Higher levels of coping efficacy at baseline also significantly predicted lower waking cortisol levels during the first semester of college. These results suggest that coping efficacy may serve as a protective factor by contributing to regulation of daily physiological stress activity for late adolescents as they struggle with loneliness across the transition to college.
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