1
|
Lais RS, Fitzner J, Lee YK, Struckmann V. Open-sourced modeling and simulating tools for decision-makers during an emerging pandemic or epidemic - Systematic evaluation of utility and usability: A scoping review update. DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2024; 5:100189. [PMID: 39328927 PMCID: PMC11424802 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2024.100189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic had devastating effects on health systems globally. Emerging infectious diseases and pandemics will persist as a global health threat and preparedness for an evidence based response becomes challenging for decision makers. Epidemiological modeling can and has supported decision-making throughout pandemics. This study provides an update of the review "Publicly available software tools for decision-makers during an emergent epidemic-Systematic evaluation of utility and usability"1. Research question What epidemiological modeling tools for decision-makers are open-sourced available for the usage in emerging epidemics or pandemics and how useful and user-friendly are these tools? Methods A scoping review was conducted. We identified relevant studies through a search of peer-reviewed (Medline Ovid, Embase Ovid, PubMed, Cochrane) and gray literature databases, search engines such as Google, searches through stakeholder websites as well as expert consultations. Results Of the 66 identified epidemiological modeling tools, 29 were included and qualitatively assessed using five-point-rating scales. The tools showed a good baseline of user-friendliness with variations in assessed components, features and utility. Room for improvement was found, specifically the capability to incorporate external data sources, detailed population descriptions, and geographic resolution. Discussion Development efforts should prioritize clear communication of uncertainties and expert review processes. Trainings for specific tools should be considered. Conclusion Tool usage can enhance decision-making when adapted to the user's needs and purpose. They should be consulted critically rather than followed blindly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Fitzner
- WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence Prinzessinnenstr, 17-18, 10969 Berlin, Germany
| | - Yeon-Kyeng Lee
- WHO Hub for Pandemic and Epidemic Intelligence Prinzessinnenstr, 17-18, 10969 Berlin, Germany
- Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Osong Health Technology Administration Complex, 187, Osongsaengmyeong 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju-si. Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Verena Struckmann
- Berlin University of Technology, Department of Health Care Management, Straße des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Al-Hakeem H, Hickling A, Mallory KD, Lovell A, Bardikoff T, Provvidenza C, Lam B, Knapp B, Miller C, Scratch SE. Move&Connect-Caregivers: A virtual group intervention for caregivers of youth experiencing persisting symptoms after concussion. Dev Neurorehabil 2024; 27:217-227. [PMID: 39313848 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2024.2398161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Caregivers play a critical role in supporting youth experiencing persisting symptoms after concussion (PSAC). However, there are limited empirically validated interventions tailored to the specific needs of caregivers, such as improving concussion knowledge and supporting psychosocial wellbeing. This study aims to describe the development of a virtual group intervention for caregivers of youth experiencing PSAC, Move&Connect-Caregivers (M&C-C), and examine its feasibility. Nine mothers participated across two M&C-C groups. Feasibility metrics and semi-structured interviews were collected and analyzed using descriptive and qualitative content analysis. Results suggest that M&C-C is a feasible intervention. By merging social support, concussion psychoeducation, and active skill building, M&C-C is meaningful for caregivers supporting their children experiencing PSAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiba Al-Hakeem
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Hickling
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kylie D Mallory
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Lovell
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tess Bardikoff
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christine Provvidenza
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brendan Lam
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brenda Knapp
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carlin Miller
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shannon E Scratch
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mahtani SL, Viswanath K, Gupte HA, Mandal G, Jagiasi D, Chawla R, D'Costa M, Xuan Z, Minsky S, Ramanadhan S. Adapting and Evaluating a Brief Advice Tobacco Cessation Intervention in High-reach, Low-resource Settings in India: Protocol for a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e57236. [PMID: 39225384 PMCID: PMC11408886 DOI: 10.2196/57236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 1.35 million deaths annually are attributed to tobacco use in India. The main challenge, given the magnitude of tobacco use and limited resources, is delivering cessation support at scale, low cost, and through a coordinated cross-system effort; one such example being brief advice interventions. However, highly credentialed staff to identify and counsel tobacco users are scarce. Task-shifting is an important opportunity for scaling these interventions. OBJECTIVE The LifeFirst SWASTH (Supporting Wellbeing among Adults by Stopping Tobacco Habit) program-adapted from the LifeFirst program (developed by the Narotam Sekhsaria Foundation, Mumbai, India)-is a tobacco cessation program focusing on lower-socioeconomic status patients in Mumbai receiving private health care. This parallel-arm, cluster randomized controlled trial investigates whether the LifeFirst SWASTH program increases tobacco cessation rates in low-resource, high-reach health care settings in Mumbai. METHODS This study will target tuberculosis-specific nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), dental clinics, and NGOs implementing general health programs serving lower-socioeconomic status patients. Intervention arm patients will receive a pamphlet explaining tobacco's harmful effects. Practitioners will be trained to deliver brief cessation advice, and interested patients will be referred to a Narotam Sekhsaria Foundation counselor for free telephone counseling for 6 months. Control arm patients will receive the same pamphlet but not brief advice or counseling. Practitioners will have a customized mobile app to facilitate intervention delivery. Practitioners will also have access to a peer network through WhatsApp. The primary outcome is a 30-day point prevalence abstinence from tobacco. Secondary outcomes for patients and practitioners relate to intervention implementation. RESULTS The study was funded in June 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the study experienced some delays, and practitioner recruitment commenced in November 2023. As of July 2024, all practitioners have been recruited, and practitioner recruitment and training are complete. Furthermore, 36% (1687/4688) of patients have been recruited. CONCLUSIONS It is hypothesized that those patients who participated in the LifeFirst SWASTH program will be more likely to have been abstinent from tobacco for 30 consecutive days by the end of 6 months or at least decreased their tobacco use. LifeFirst SWASTH, if found to be effective in terms of cessation outcomes and implementation, has the potential to be scaled to other settings in India and other low- and middle-income countries. The study will be conducted in low-resource settings and will reach many patients, which will increase the impact if scaled. It will use task-shifting and an app that can be tailored to different settings, also enabling scalability. Findings will build the literature for translating evidence-based interventions from high-income countries to low- and middle-income countries and from high- to low-resource settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05234983; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05234983. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/57236.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kasisomayajula Viswanath
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ziming Xuan
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sara Minsky
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shoba Ramanadhan
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Barreto JOM, de Melo RC, da Silva LALB, de Araújo BC, de Freitas Oliveira C, Toma TS, de Bortoli MC, Demaio PN, Kuchenmüller T. Research evidence communication for policy-makers: a rapid scoping review on frameworks, guidance and tools, and barriers and facilitators. Health Res Policy Syst 2024; 22:99. [PMID: 39118156 PMCID: PMC11312384 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-024-01169-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Communication is a multifaceted process, ranging from linear, one-way approaches, such as transmitting a simple message, to continuous exchanges and feedback loops among stakeholders. In particular the COVID-19 pandemic underscored the critical need for timely, effective and credible evidence communication to increase awareness, levels of trust, and evidence uptake in policy and practice. However, whether to improve policy responses in crises or address more commonplace societal challenges, comprehensive guidance on evidence communication to decision-makers in health policies and systems remains limited. Our objective was to identify and systematize the global evidence on frameworks, guidance and tools supporting effective communication of research evidence to facilitate knowledge translation and evidence-informed policy-making processes, while also addressing barriers and facilitators. METHODS We conducted a rapid scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Manual. Literature searches were performed across eight indexed databases and two sources of grey literature, without language or time restrictions. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed, and a narrative-interpretative synthesis was applied to present the findings. RESULTS We identified 16 documents presenting either complete frameworks or framework components, including guidance and tools, aimed at supporting evidence communication for policy development. These frameworks outlined strategies, theoretical models, barriers and facilitators, as well as insights into policy-makers' perspectives, communication needs, and preferences. Three primary evidence communication strategies, comprising eleven sub-strategies, emerged: "Health information packaging", "Targeting and tailoring messages to the audience", and "Combined communication strategies". Based on the documented barriers and facilitators at micro, meso and macro levels, critical factors for successful communication of evidence to policy-makers were identified. CONCLUSIONS Effective communication is indispensable for facilitating knowledge translation and evidence-informed policy-making. Nonetheless gaps persist in frameworks designed to enhance research communication to policy-makers, particularly regarding the effectiveness of multiple communication strategies. To advance in this field, the development of comprehensive frameworks incorporating implementation strategies is warranted. Additionally, barriers and facilitators to implementing effective communication must be recognized and addressed taking diverse contexts into consideration. Registration https://zenodo.org/record/5578550.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Nichols Demaio
- McMaster Health Forum, Hamilton, Canada
- Department of Health, Aging and Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Tanja Kuchenmüller
- Evidence to Policy and Impact, Research for Health, Science Division, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Adde L, Åberg KB, Fjørtoft T, Grunewaldt KH, Lade R, Osland S, Piegsa F, Sandstrøm PG, Støen R, Størvold GV, Eriksen BH. Implementation of remote general movement assessment using the in-motion instructions in a high-risk norwegian cohort. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:442. [PMID: 38987721 PMCID: PMC11234780 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04927-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND General Movement Assessment (GMA) is recommended for early detection of risk for cerebral palsy but requires trained clinical experts. We aimed to implement home- and hospital-based filming for remote GMA in a Norwegian high-risk infant cohort, as well as evaluating parents' experiences in filming their infant at home. METHODS This knowledge translational study used a prospective cohort design including participants referred to neurodevelopmental follow-up across three sites in the Central Norway Regional Health Authority. Two home films of the fidgety type of general movements were collected between 12+1-14+6 and 15+1-17+6 weeks after term by parents. An additional film was collected at the hospital between 12+1 and 17+6 weeks after term. The instructional guide for all filming was the In-Motion App standards. Videos were transferred to a remote GMA team and classified as either "GMA scorable" or "GMA not scorable" based on Prechtl's GMA standards. Parents responded to an online survey using a 5-point Likert scale to collect information about their perspectives, experiences, and possible worries by filming their infant at home. RESULTS One-hundred-and-two infants from 95 families participated. Ninety-two (96.8%) families transferred 177 home-based videos. Eighty-four (92%) of these had 95 videos taken in their local hospital. All 177 home-videos were "GMA scorable" and three (3,1%) out of 95 hospital-based videos were classified as "GMA not scorable". Eight families did not respond to the survey and two families did not receive the survey due to a technical error. Seventy-eight (91.7%) respondents agreed or strongly agreed that it was easy to perform home filming and five (5.9%) agreed that they were more worried about their child`s development after filming at home. Almost 80% of respondents agreed that a video for GMA can be taken at home instead of in hospital. CONCLUSIONS This study strengthens the clinical implementation of home filming by parents and remote GMA for early detection of CP in high-risk follow-up programs. The implementation of remote GMA has the potential to facilitate early intervention to improve function in children with CP in line with international recommendations. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04287166 Date of registration: 27/02/2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Adde
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
- Clinic of Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | | | - Toril Fjørtoft
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristine Hermansen Grunewaldt
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neonatology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Randi Lade
- Department of Pediatrics, Møre and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Ålesund Hospital, Ålesund, Norway
| | - Siril Osland
- Clinic of Rehabilitation, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Frank Piegsa
- Department of Pediatrics, Møre and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Ålesund Hospital, Ålesund, Norway
| | | | - Ragnhild Støen
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Neonatology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Beate Horsberg Eriksen
- Department of Pediatrics, Møre and Romsdal Hospital Trust, Ålesund Hospital, Ålesund, Norway
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Robinson E, Dickins M, Lad L, Beard S, McGill D, Hayes J, Fabri AM, Wade H, Meyer C, Lowthian JA. Adaptation and Implementation of a Volunteer-Delivered, Telephone-Based, Social Support Program HOW-R-U? During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Pragmatic Study. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2024; 64:gnae034. [PMID: 38656333 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Public health concerns surrounding social isolation and loneliness heightened during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, as infection prevention measures led to increased feelings of loneliness and depression. Our objective was to evaluate the implementation of the HOW-R-U? program, during the pandemic (March 2020-December 2021). HOW-R-U? is a weekly volunteer-delivered telephone program designed to facilitate social connection and ease feelings of social isolation, loneliness, and depression in older people. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This pragmatic study used the Implementation Framework for Aged Care to adapt and implement HOW-R-U? in an Australian aged and community care organization and a tertiary health service in Melbourne. The evaluation involved analysis of program data, semistructured interviews, and surveys with program recipients, volunteers, and referrers. A process evaluation was conducted alongside an assessment of outcomes including pre- and post-symptoms of isolation, depression, and loneliness. RESULTS The implementation evaluation indicated that codesigned systems and processes effectively supported the ongoing implementation of HOW-R-U? with transition into business as usual across both organizations. Recipients reported that telephone calls had a positive impact on their lives, whereas volunteers reported enjoyment of supporting others. Several challenges were identified, namely in program reach and fidelity. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS HOW-R-U? was well regarded by all involved, and evaluation learnings have informed implementation into business as usual by both organizations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marissa Dickins
- Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, Southern Synergy, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lina Lad
- Bolton Clarke, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Henni Wade
- Northern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Claudia Meyer
- Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Judy A Lowthian
- Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Swaithes L, Paskins Z, Finney A, Walsh N, Skrybant M, Mallen C, Dziedzic K. Optimising the implementation of evidence-based osteoarthritis guidelines in primary care: Development of a Knowledge Mobilisation Toolkit. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024; 32:612-629. [PMID: 38237760 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Implementing clinical guidelines for osteoarthritis (OA) in primary care is complex. Whilst international guidelines detail what best practice for OA looks like, little is known about how this is best implemented. Limited resources are available to guideline developers, practitioners, researchers, or the public to facilitate implementation. Set in the context of a larger research project which sought to understand the factors that influence knowledge mobilisation (KM) in implementation for OA guidelines, this study reports the development of a toolkit to optimise KM for the implementation of evidence-based OA guidelines in primary care. DESIGN Triangulation of three qualitative data sets was conducted, followed by a stakeholder consensus exercise. Public contributors were involved in dedicated meetings (n = 3) to inform the content, design, and KM plans for the toolkit. RESULTS From data triangulation, 53 key findings were identified, which were refined into 30 draft recommendation statements, within six domains: approaches to KM; the knowledge mobiliser role; understanding context; implementation planning; the nature of the intervention; and appealing to a range of priorities. Stakeholder voting (n = 27) demonstrated consensus with the recommendations and informed the wording of the final toolkit. CONCLUSIONS Factors that optimise KM for OA guideline implementation in primary care were identified. Empirical data, practice-based evidence, implementation practice, and stakeholder (including patient and public) engagement have informed a toolkit comprising several overarching principles of KM, which are suitable for use in primary care. Consideration of equitable access when implementing evidence-based OA care among diverse populations is recommended when using the toolkit. Further research is needed to evaluate the toolkit's utility and transferability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Swaithes
- Impact Accelerator Unit, Versus Arthritis Primary Care Centre, School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom.
| | - Zoe Paskins
- Impact Accelerator Unit, Versus Arthritis Primary Care Centre, School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom; Haywood Academic Rheumatology Centre, Haywood Hospital, Midlands Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Staffordshire, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrew Finney
- Impact Accelerator Unit, Versus Arthritis Primary Care Centre, School of Medicine & School of Nursing and Midwifery, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom.
| | - Nicola Walsh
- Centre for Health and Clinical Research, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom.
| | - Magdalena Skrybant
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
| | - Christian Mallen
- Versus Arthritis Primary Care Centre, School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom.
| | - Krysia Dziedzic
- Impact Accelerator Unit, Versus Arthritis Primary Care Centre, School of Medicine, Keele University, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kwong AKL, Eeles AL, Anderson PJ, Badawi N, Boyd RN, Cameron KL, Cheong JLY, Colditz P, Koorts P, Crowle C, Dale RC, Doyle LW, Fahey M, George J, Hunt RW, McNamara L, Morgan C, Novak I, Olsen JE, Reid N, Rieger I, Whittingham K, Spittle AJ. The Knowledge Translation of Early Cerebral Palsy (KiTE CP) Study: Implementing Screening Among a High-Risk Prospective Cohort of Australian Infants. J Pediatr 2024; 268:113949. [PMID: 38336205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.113949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the implementation of the international guidelines for the early diagnosis of cerebral palsy (CP) and engagement in the screening process in an Australian cohort of infants with neonatal risk factors for CP. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study of infants with neonatal risk factors recruited at <6 months corrected age from 11 sites in the states of Victoria, New South Wales, and Queensland, Australia. First, we implemented a multimodal knowledge translation strategy including barrier identification, technology integration, and special interest groups. Screening was implemented as follows: infants with clinical indications for neuroimaging underwent magnetic resonance imaging and/or cranial ultrasound. The Prechtl General Movements Assessment (GMA) was recorded clinically or using an app (Baby Moves). Infants with absent or abnormal fidgety movements on GMA videos were offered further assessment using the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (HINE). Infants with atypical findings on 2/3 assessments met criteria for high risk of CP. RESULTS Of the 597 infants (56% male) recruited, 95% (n = 565) received neuroimaging, 90% (n = 537) had scorable GMA videos (2% unscorable/8% no video), and 25% (n = 149) HINE. Overall, 19% of the cohort (n = 114/597) met criteria for high risk of CP, 57% (340/597) had at least 2 normal assessments (of neuroimaging, GMA or HINE), and 24% (n = 143/597) had insufficient assessments. CONCLUSIONS Early CP screening was implemented across participating sites using a multimodal knowledge translation strategy. Although the COVID-19 pandemic affected recruitment rates, there was high engagement in the screening process. Reasons for engagement in early screening from parents and clinicians warrant further contextualization and investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K L Kwong
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Newborn Research, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia
| | - Abbey L Eeles
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Newborn Research, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nadia Badawi
- The Grace Centre for Newborn Intensive Care, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, NS, Australia; Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Brain Mind Centre, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, NS, Australia
| | - Roslyn N Boyd
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, UQ Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australasian Cerebral Palsy Clinical Trials Network CRE, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kate L Cameron
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeanie L Y Cheong
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Newborn Research, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia; Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Newborn Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul Colditz
- University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Perinatal Research Centre, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Pieter Koorts
- Neonatology, Royal Brisbane Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cathryn Crowle
- The Grace Centre for Newborn Intensive Care, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, NS, Australia; Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Brain Mind Centre, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, NS, Australia
| | - Russell C Dale
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NS, Australia
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Newborn Research, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia; Department of Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Newborn Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Fahey
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joanne George
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, UQ Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Physiotherapy Department, Queensland Children's Hospital, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Rod W Hunt
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Brain Mind Centre, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, NS, Australia; Monash Newborn, Monash Children's Hospital, Clayton VIC Australia
| | - Lynda McNamara
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, UQ Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australasian Cerebral Palsy Clinical Trials Network CRE, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NS, Australia; Department of Physiotherapy, Cairns and Hinterland Hospital and Health Service, QLD, Australia
| | - Catherine Morgan
- Cerebral Palsy Alliance Research Institute, Brain Mind Centre, Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, NS, Australia
| | - Iona Novak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NS, Australia
| | - Joy E Olsen
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Newborn Research, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia
| | - Nadia Reid
- Division of Newborn Services, Royal Hospital for Women, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Physiotherapy, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Ingrid Rieger
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NS, Australia; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NS, Australia
| | - Koa Whittingham
- Queensland Cerebral Palsy and Rehabilitation Research Centre, UQ Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Alicia J Spittle
- Department of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Newborn Research, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ogrin R, Rushford MA, Fallon J, Mannix R, Quinn B, Lewis A. Describing the development and implementation of a novel collaborative multidisciplinary approach to deliver foot health supports for individuals experiencing homelessness and its outcomes. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302572. [PMID: 38687771 PMCID: PMC11060552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Basic foot care is a real need of people experiencing homelessness. To improve access to foot health for this group, three services structured to provide healthcare support for people experiencing homelessness collaborated in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia: an established nurse-led Homeless Persons Program (HPP), a specialty community health podiatry clinic servicing people experiencing homelessness, and a charity supporting disadvantaged communities providing free socks, foot first aid kits and second-hand footwear for distribution by nurses and podiatrists of participating services. This paper outlines the implementation and evaluation of this collaboration. A four stage implementation approach was used, addressing: 1. Who needs to do what differently? 2. What are the barriers and enablers that need to be addressed? 3. Which intervention components could overcome the modifiable barriers and enhance the enablers? 4. How can the changes be measured? The evaluation prospectively collected information about how HPP nurses referred adults to podiatry, and whether the referred individuals accessed the podiatry clinic, the outcomes of the podiatry visit, and how many received footwear, socks and foot first aid kits provided by the non-profit organisation. Over 1st June 2019 and 31st December 2020, 52 individuals were identified as adults who could potentially benefit from podiatry by the HPP nurses, of which 33 accessed podiatry. Those who did not visit the podiatry clinic were more likely to be born outside of Australia, live in more precarious housing (crisis accommodation and rough sleeping), have slightly more predisposing factors for homelessness, but have fewer medical, psychological and cognitive conditions. A structured approach including processes, education, regular, outreach to youth refuges and formal outcome monitoring enabled foot health care access in people experiencing homelessness. Further research is needed to ascertain how to support participants at risk of foot problems to access podiatry before their foot health issue reaches crisis point.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajna Ogrin
- Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Forest Hill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mary-Anne Rushford
- Bolton Clarke Homeless Persons Program, West Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joseph Fallon
- Bolton Clarke Homeless Persons Program, West Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Ben Quinn
- cohealth, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pasternak Taschner N, Almeida P. Teaching scientific evidence and critical thinking for policy making. Biol Methods Protoc 2024; 9:bpae023. [PMID: 38680164 PMCID: PMC11052655 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
While there is worldwide tendency to promote the use of scientific evidence to inform policy making, little has been done to train scientists and policy makers for this interaction. If we want to bridge the gap between academia, scientific knowledge, and policy, we must begin by providing formal training and skill building for actors and stakeholders. Scientists are not trained to communicate and inform policy, and policy makers are not trained to understand scientific process and assess evidence. Building an environment where this collaboration can flourish depends on teaching competencies and abilities specific for decision-making processes. As professors of policy with a background in science, we have started teaching preliminary courses on the use of scientific evidence in policy making. Feedback from students and institutions has been positive, paving the way for similar courses in other schools and institutions and maybe even new career paths. This article is intended to share our experience in designing and teaching courses aimed at training policy makers. Moving forward we plan to include training for science majors, thus encompassing the two main sides of this dialogue and opening new career opportunities for scientists and policy makers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pasternak Taschner
- Center for Science and Society, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
- Instituto Questão de Ciência, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Almeida
- Instituto Questão de Ciência, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Economics, Business and Accounting, University of São Paulo (FEA USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hansen-Ruiz CS, Luschen K, Huber J, Scott E. Understanding Stakeholder Dissemination Preferences for an Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing Injury Surveillance System. J Agromedicine 2024; 29:235-245. [PMID: 38100079 DOI: 10.1080/1059924x.2023.2293832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Researchers and epidemiologists are working to improve the capture of agriculture, forestry, and fishing (AgFF) injuries in a variety of ways. A critical component of any surveillance system is the dissemination of information. The purpose of this paper is to report on a survey conducted with AgFF injury surveillance stakeholders to understand preferred dissemination strategies. The survey was distributed using REDCap via web link to organizational stakeholders, which included advisory board members, safety trainers, industry managers and workers, and research collaborators. In total, there were 75 respondents (21% response rate). Occupation and industry influenced preference in update methods. Regarding the length and breadth of updates, 63% of respondents prefer reports (one to five pages), followed by 57% desiring a summary (less than one page), while only 24% wanted a detailed analysis. Social media and news preferences were also different among stakeholders. Surveillance data were desired for 1) trend analysis, 2) tailoring activities and solutions for education, training, outreach and interventions and 3) for research purposes such as grant proposals and evaluation. The dissemination of injury surveillance data should be tailored to the intended audience. Greater attention needs to be paid to the ways in which we share our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina S Hansen-Ruiz
- Northeast Center for Occupational Health and Safety in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY, USA
| | - Kevin Luschen
- Northeast Center for Occupational Health and Safety in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY, USA
| | - John Huber
- Northeast Center for Occupational Health and Safety in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY, USA
| | - Erika Scott
- Northeast Center for Occupational Health and Safety in Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing, Bassett Medical Center, Cooperstown, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee JN, Hill CM, Chi DL. Using Policy Briefs to Communicate Dental Research Findings to Policymakers. JDR Clin Trans Res 2024; 9:150-159. [PMID: 37317831 DOI: 10.1177/23800844231171831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES New scientific knowledge is not always available to decision makers. Policy briefs are a way that dental researchers can communicate research findings to policymakers. This study compares usefulness of 2 types of policy briefs about sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and tooth decay. METHODS We developed 2 policy brief types (data focused and narrative focused) and emailed a randomly assigned policy brief to 825 policymakers and staff from 3 levels of government (city, county, and state) in Washington State. Participants completed a 22-item online questionnaire. There were 4 study outcomes: whether the brief was understandable, whether the brief was credible, likelihood of use, and likelihood to be shared (each measured on a 5-point Likert-like scale). The t test was used to evaluate whether outcomes differed by policy brief type and government level (α = 0.05). RESULTS There were 108 respondents (adjusted response rate 14.6%). About 41.6% of participants were in city government, 26.9% were in county government, and 29.6% were in state government. Participants reported that both data- and narrative-focused briefs were understandable (mean rating [MR] and standard deviation [SD]: 4.15 ± 0.68 and 4.09 ± 0.81, respectively; P = 0.65) and credible (MR and SD: 4.13 ± 0.70 and 4.09 ± 0.70, respectively; P = 0.74), but they were not likely to use (MR and SD: 2.71 ± 1.15 and 2.55 ± 1.28, respectively; P = 0.51) or share it (MR and SD: 2.62 ± 1.04 and 2.66 ± 1.30, respectively; P = 0.87). The likelihood of sharing briefs differed significantly by level of government (P = 0.017). Participants at the state level were more likely to share information from the briefs (mean rating and SD: 3.10 ± 0.80) than city- and county-level participants (MR and SD: 2.62 ± 1.27, and 2.24 ± 1.21, respectively). CONCLUSION Both data- and narrative-focused policy briefs may be a useful way to communicate dental research findings to policymakers, but additional steps are needed to ensure that briefs are used and shared. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT Researchers should disseminate their research findings to maximize scientific impact. Our study findings indicate that policy briefs may be a useful way to communicate dental research findings to policymakers, but additional research is needed on the best ways to disseminate findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J N Lee
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - C M Hill
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D L Chi
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ruest M, Guay M. [Orientations de facilitation pour soutenir l'application de l'Algo dans les services de soutien à domicile des personnes aînées]. Can J Aging 2024; 43:167-175. [PMID: 37902413 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980823000600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Comment soutenir le déploiement de connaissances coconstruites par des personnes cliniciennes, gestionnaires ou chercheures? Ce thème est abordé à partir de l'étude de l'application de l'Algo, un algorithme clinique décisionnel conçu pour la sélection des aides techniques visant à faciliter l'hygiène corporelle des personnes aînées vivant à domicile. L'objectif de cette note sur les politiques et les pratiques est de présenter les orientations de facilitation dégagées à la suite d'un devis mixte multiphases (2015-2019) mis en œuvre dans les services de soutien à domicile au Québec (Canada). Les orientations de facilitation centrée sur la tâche et holistique sont présentées en fonction des stades d'utilisation de l'Algo, afin de soutenir les personnes cliniciennes, gestionnaires et chercheures dans la poursuite de son application auprès des personnes aînées. De plus, cette note illustre l'apport des devis mixtes à la conduite et à la compréhension de l'application des connaissances coconstruites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Ruest
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé de l'Université de Sherbrooke et Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke (Québec) CanadaJ1H 5N4
| | - Manon Guay
- Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé de l'Université de Sherbrooke et Centre de recherche sur le vieillissement 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke (Québec) CanadaJ1H 5N4
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hollis JL, Deroover K, Licata M, Tully B, Farragher E, Lecathelinais C, Bennett N, Foster M, Pennell CE, Wiggers J, Daly J, Kingsland M. Antenatal care addressing gestational weight gain (GWG): a cross sectional study of pregnant women's reported receipt and acceptability of recommended GWG care and associated characteristics. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:111. [PMID: 38321389 PMCID: PMC10845753 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-023-06158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Australian Clinical Practice Guidelines for Pregnancy Care recommend that during the first and subsequent antenatal visits all pregnant women are weighed; advised of recommended gestational weight gain (GWG), dietary intake and physical activity; and offered referrals for additional support if needed. The extent to which these recommendations are implemented and women's acceptability of recommended care is unknown. This study examines women's reported receipt and acceptability of guideline care for GWG, and characteristics associated with receipt of such care and its acceptability. METHODS From September 2018 to February 2019 a telephone survey was undertaken with women who had recently had a baby and received antenatal care from five public maternity services within a health district in Australia. Women self-reported their demographic characteristics, and receipt and acceptability of recommended GWG care. Receipt and acceptability of such care, and their association with the characteristics of women and the maternity service they attended, were examined using descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Of 514 women, 13.1% (95%CI:10.3-16.5) reported that they received an assessment of weight at both their first and a subsequent antenatal visit, and less than one third (30.0%; 95%CI:26.0-33.9) received advice on their recommended GWG range, dietary intake and physical activity. Just 6.6% (95%CI:4.8-9.1) of women reported receiving all assessment and advice components of recommended antenatal care, and 9.9% (95%CI:7.6-12.8) of women reported being referred for extra support. Women who were younger (OR = 1.13;95%CI:1.05-1.21), identifying as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (OR = 24.54;95%CI:4.98-120.94), had a higher pre-pregnancy BMI (OR = 1.13;95%CI:1.05-1.21), were experiencing their first pregnancy (OR = 3.36;95%CI:1.27-8.86), and lived in a least disadvantaged area (compared to mid-disadvantaged area (OR = 18.5;95%CI:2.6-130.5) and most disadvantaged area (OR = 13.1;95%CI:2.09-82.4)) were more likely to receive recommended assessment and advice. Most Aboriginal (92%) and non-Aboriginal (93%) women agreed that recommended GWG care is acceptable. CONCLUSION Most women perceive antenatal care for GWG as recommended by the Clinical Practice Guidelines as acceptable, but did not receive it. When provided, such care is not delivered consistently to all women regardless of their characteristics or those of the maternity service they attend. There is a need for service-wide practice change to increase routine GWG care in pregnancy for all women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Hollis
- Hunter New England Population Health, Longworth Avenue, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia.
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
- Population Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia.
| | - Kristine Deroover
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Milly Licata
- Hunter New England Population Health, Longworth Avenue, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
- Population Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Belinda Tully
- Hunter New England Population Health, Longworth Avenue, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
- Population Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
- Gomeroi Nation, New England North West, NSW, Australia
| | - Eva Farragher
- Hunter New England Population Health, Longworth Avenue, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Population Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Christophe Lecathelinais
- Hunter New England Population Health, Longworth Avenue, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Population Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Nicole Bennett
- Hunter New England Local Health District Nursing and Midwifery Services, Newcastle, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Michelle Foster
- Hunter New England Local Health District Nursing and Midwifery Services, Newcastle, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Craig E Pennell
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - John Wiggers
- Hunter New England Population Health, Longworth Avenue, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Population Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Justine Daly
- Hunter New England Population Health, Longworth Avenue, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Population Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Melanie Kingsland
- Hunter New England Population Health, Longworth Avenue, Locked Bag 10, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
- Population Health Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hennessy M, O'Donoghue K. Bridging the gap between pregnancy loss research and policy and practice: insights from a qualitative survey with knowledge users. Health Res Policy Syst 2024; 22:15. [PMID: 38273374 PMCID: PMC10809434 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-024-01103-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The loss of a pregnancy or the death of baby around the time of their birth can have profound impacts on parents, families and staff involved. There is much opportunity to enhance the systematic uptake of evidence-based interventions to enhance service provision, lived experiences and outcomes. Challenges exist to translating pregnancy loss research evidence into policy and practice, however. Pregnancy loss remains a neglected area of research and resourcing and is steeped in stigma. While barriers and facilitators to the use of research evidence by decision-makers in public health and health services are well documented, we aimed to better understand the factors that influence the translation of pregnancy loss research into practice and policy. METHODS We conducted a qualitative online survey of pregnancy loss research knowledge users in Ireland, identified through our clinical and academic networks, between January and March 2022. The survey comprised ten questions, with three closed questions, informed by the Knowledge Translation Planning Template©. Questions included who could benefit from pregnancy loss research, perceived barriers and facilitators to the use of research evidence and preferred knowledge translation strategies. We analysed data using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS We included data from 46 participants in our analysis, from which we generated two central themes. The first-'End the silence; stigma and inequality around pregnancy loss to enhance awareness and understanding, public health and services and supports'-addresses issues related to the stigma, sensitivities and silence, lack of awareness and understanding, and lack of relevance or priority afforded to pregnancy loss. The second theme-'Use a range of tailored, accessible approaches to engage a large, diverse range of knowledge users'-highlights the need to use relevant, accessible, and engaging information, resources or materials in knowledge translation efforts, and a variety of tailored approaches to suit different audiences, including materials, workshops/webinars, media, knowledge brokers and champions or opinion leaders. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis provides rich insights into the barriers and facilitators to knowledge translation in the field of pregnancy loss research. We identified key strategies that can be used to inform knowledge translation planning in Ireland, and which have international applicability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marita Hennessy
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YE02, Ireland.
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YE02, Ireland.
| | - Keelin O'Donoghue
- Pregnancy Loss Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YE02, Ireland
- INFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, T12 YE02, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Couturier JL, Kimber M, Ford C, Coelho JS, Dimitropoulos G, Kurji A, Boman J, Isserlin L, Bond J, Soroka C, Dominic A, Boachie A, McVey G, Norris M, Obeid N, Pilon D, Spettigue W, Findlay S, Geller J, Grewal S, Gusella J, Jericho M, Johnson N, Katzman D, Chan N, Grande C, Nicula M, Clause-Walford D, Leclerc A, Loewen R, Loewen T, Steinegger C, Waite E, Webb C, Brouwers M. A study protocol for implementing Canadian Practice Guidelines for Treating Children and Adolescents with Eating Disorders. Implement Sci Commun 2024; 5:5. [PMID: 38183084 PMCID: PMC10768347 DOI: 10.1186/s43058-023-00538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders have one of the highest mortality rates among psychiatric illnesses. Timely intervention is crucial for effective treatment, as eating disorders tend to be chronic and difficult to manage if left untreated. Clinical practice guidelines play a vital role in improving healthcare delivery, aiming to minimize variations in care and bridge the gap between research and practice. However, research indicates an active guideline implementation approach is crucial to effective uptake. METHODS Mixed methods will be used to inform and evaluate our guideline implementation approach. Semi-structured focus groups will be conducted in each of the eight provinces in Canada. Each focus group will comprise 8-10 key stakeholders, including clinicians, program administrators, and individuals with lived experience or caregivers. Qualitative data will be analyzed using conventional content analysis and the constant comparison technique and the results will be used to inform our implementation strategy. The study will then evaluate the effectiveness of our implementation approach through pre- and post-surveys, comparing changes in awareness, use, and impact of the guidelines in various stakeholder groups. DISCUSSION Through a multifaceted implementation strategy, involving the co-creation of educational materials, tailored training, and context-specific strategies, this study intends to enhance guideline uptake and promote adherence to evidence-based practices. Our study will also contribute valuable information on the impact of our implementation strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Couturier
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada.
| | - Melissa Kimber
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Sheri Findlay
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Josie Geller
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Seena Grewal
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | - Natasha Johnson
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Maria Nicula
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Drew Clause-Walford
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cheryl Webb
- McMaster Children's Hospital, McMaster University, 1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hedayatipour M, Etemadi S, Hekmat SN, Moosavi A. Challenges of using evidence in managerial decision-making of the primary health care system. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:38. [PMID: 38183009 PMCID: PMC10770934 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Managerial Evidence-Based Decision-Making [EBDM] in the primary is a systematic approach that directs the decision-maker in a conscientious, explicit, and judicious utilization of reliable and best evidence based on the professional experiences and preferences of stakeholders and patients from various sources. This study aimed to investigate the challenges primary healthcare managers encounter while undertaking decision-making processes. METHOD A systematic review was conducted in 2022 with the aim of identifying and collecting all qualitative articles pertaining to evidence-based decision-making in the primary healthcare system. To achieve this, a meticulous search was conducted using the relevant keywords, including primary health care and evidence-based decision making, as well as their corresponding synonyms, across the databases Web of Science, Scopus, and Pubmed. Importantly, there were no limitations imposed on the timeframe for the search. To carefully analyze and consolidate the findings of this systematic review, the meta-synthesis approach was employed. RESULTS A total of 22 articles were assessed in this systematic review study. The results revealed the main categories including evidence nature, EBDM barriers, utilizing evidence, decision-makers ability, organizational structure, evidence-based, EBDM support, communication for EBDM, evidence sides, EBDM skill development, public health promotion, and health system performance improvement. CONCLUSION The primary healthcare system is crucial in improving health outcomes and ensuring access to healthcare services for all individuals. This study explored the utilization of evidence-based EBDM within the primary healthcare system. We identified five key dimensions: causal, contextual, and intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences of EBDM as a core phenomenon. The findings will help policymakers and administrators comprehend the importance of evidence-based decision-making, ultimately leading to enhanced decision quality, community well-being, and efficiency within the healthcare system. EBDM entails considering the best reliable evidence, and incorporating community preferences while also exploiting the professional expertise and experiences of decision-makers. This systematic review has the potential to provide guidance for future reforms and enhance the quality of decision-making at the managerial level in primary healthcare.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Hedayatipour
- Department of Healthcare Management, Policy and Economics, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sina Etemadi
- Department of Healthcare Management, Policy and Economics, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Somayeh Noori Hekmat
- Department of Healthcare Management, Policy and Economics, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Alisadat Moosavi
- Department of Medical Library & Information Sciences, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Williams S, Fernandes G, Adab P, Adams R, de Sousa JC, Chi C, Dickens AP, Enocson A, Farley A, Maglakelidze M, Maglakelidze T, Martins S, Sitch A, Stamenova A, Stavrikj K, Stelmach R, Turner A, Pan Z, Pang H, Zhang J, Jordan RE. Strengthening Clinician-Researchers' Communication and Knowledge Translation Skills: An Innovative Game Model From the Breathe Well Group. INQUIRY : A JOURNAL OF MEDICAL CARE ORGANIZATION, PROVISION AND FINANCING 2024; 61:469580241273178. [PMID: 39264042 PMCID: PMC11393798 DOI: 10.1177/00469580241273178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
Communication is a core component of a clinician's role; however, when clinicians conduct research, communicating the emerging findings and recommendations to different types of stakeholders can be unfamiliar territory. Communicating research to advocate for change can be even more challenging. Clinician researchers seeking to be agents for change need to conceive and craft specific, evidence-based messages and communicate these effectively to different stakeholders to negotiate action. As part of a global health research program, we developed and tested a novel game-based model to strengthen the communication skills of clinician researchers, from 4 countries, for improving services for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This model focused on communication with 3 key stakeholder groups for knowledge translation: Patients/carers, healthcare providers and policy makers/healthcare managers. Delivered through a series of facilitated, online meetings, this model consisted of 2 parts: developing and rehearsing advocacy messages with coaching support, and then testing them with a panel of 3 representative stakeholders, and an audience of fellow researchers. All the country teams reported increased confidence in crafting advocacy messages for specific stakeholders and have applied lessons learned from the model. Delivering this model within a global health research program requires mentoring, time, commitment, resources and translation support to address language barriers. It offers an exemplar to build the communication skills of clinician and non-clinician researchers so that they can go beyond dissemination toward translation of evidence into policy and practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siân Williams
- International Primary Care Respiratory Group, London, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Genevie Fernandes
- International Primary Care Respiratory Group, London, UK
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Peymané Adab
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rachel Adams
- Health Services Management Centre, School of Social Policy, College of Social Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jaime Correia de Sousa
- International Primary Care Respiratory Group, London, UK
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Chunhua Chi
- Department of General Practice, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Andrew P Dickens
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Observational and Pragmatic Research Institute, Midview City, Singapore
| | - Alexandra Enocson
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Amanda Farley
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Mariam Maglakelidze
- Georgian Respiratory Association, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Petre Shotadze Tbilisi Medical Academy, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Tamaz Maglakelidze
- Georgian Respiratory Association, Tbilisi, Georgia
- Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sonia Martins
- Family Medicine, ABC Medical School, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Alice Sitch
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- NIHR Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Aleksandra Stamenova
- Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje; Institute of Social Medicine, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Katarina Stavrikj
- Center for Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ss.Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Skopje, Republic of North Macedonia
| | - Rafael Stelmach
- Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paolo, Brazil
| | - Alice Turner
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Zihan Pan
- Department of General Practice, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Pang
- Emergency Department, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rachel E Jordan
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Mrklas KJ, Boyd JM, Shergill S, Merali S, Khan M, Moser C, Nowell L, Goertzen A, Swain L, Pfadenhauer LM, Sibley KM, Vis-Dunbar M, Hill MD, Raffin-Bouchal S, Tonelli M, Graham ID. A scoping review of the globally available tools for assessing health research partnership outcomes and impacts. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:139. [PMID: 38129871 PMCID: PMC10740226 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-023-00958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health research partnership approaches have grown in popularity over the past decade, but the systematic evaluation of their outcomes and impacts has not kept equal pace. Identifying partnership assessment tools and key partnership characteristics is needed to advance partnerships, partnership measurement, and the assessment of their outcomes and impacts through systematic study. OBJECTIVE To locate and identify globally available tools for assessing the outcomes and impacts of health research partnerships. METHODS We searched four electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL + , PsychINFO) with an a priori strategy from inception to June 2021, without limits. We screened studies independently and in duplicate, keeping only those involving a health research partnership and the development, use and/or assessment of tools to evaluate partnership outcomes and impacts. Reviewer disagreements were resolved by consensus. Study, tool and partnership characteristics, and emerging research questions, gaps and key recommendations were synthesized using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. RESULTS We screened 36 027 de-duplicated citations, reviewed 2784 papers in full text, and kept 166 studies and three companion reports. Most studies originated in North America and were published in English after 2015. Most of the 205 tools we identified were questionnaires and surveys targeting researchers, patients and public/community members. While tools were comprehensive and usable, most were designed for single use and lacked validity or reliability evidence. Challenges associated with the interchange and definition of terms (i.e., outcomes, impacts, tool type) were common and may obscure partnership measurement and comparison. Very few of the tools identified in this study overlapped with tools identified by other, similar reviews. Partnership tool development, refinement and evaluation, including tool measurement and optimization, are key areas for future tools-related research. CONCLUSION This large scoping review identified numerous, single-use tools that require further development and testing to improve their psychometric and scientific qualities. The review also confirmed that the health partnership research domain and its measurement tools are still nascent and actively evolving. Dedicated efforts and resources are required to better understand health research partnerships, partnership optimization and partnership measurement and evaluation using valid, reliable and practical tools that meet partners' needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly J Mrklas
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10-3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
- Strategic Clinical Networks™, Provincial Clinical Excellence, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| | - Jamie M Boyd
- Knowledge Translation Program, St Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sumair Shergill
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Sera Merali
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Masood Khan
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Cheryl Moser
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Lorelli Nowell
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Amelia Goertzen
- Faculty of Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Liam Swain
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10-3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Lisa M Pfadenhauer
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, and Epidemiology-IBE, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität Munich, Munich, Germany
- Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
- George & Fay Yee Centre for Healthcare Innovation, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Michael D Hill
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3D10-3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medicine and Radiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | | | - Marcello Tonelli
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Office of the Vice-President (Research), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ian D Graham
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Schools of Epidemiology and Public Health and Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Giroux CM, Maggio LA, Saldanha C, Bussières A, Thomas A. Twitter as a Mechanism of Knowledge Translation in Health Professions Education: An Exploratory Content Analysis. PERSPECTIVES ON MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 12:529-539. [PMID: 38107161 PMCID: PMC10723015 DOI: 10.5334/pme.1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Social media may facilitate knowledge sharing within health professions education (HPE), but whether and how it is used as a mechanism of knowledge translation (KT) is not understood. This exploratory study aimed to ascertain what content has been shared on Twitter using #MedEd and how it is used as a mechanism of KT. Methods Symplur was used to identify all tweets tagged with #MedEd between March 2021 - March 2022. A directed content analysis and multiple cycles of coding were employed. 18,000 tweets were identified, of which 478 were included. Studies sharing high quality HPE information; relating to undergraduate, postgraduate, or continuing education; referring to an evidence source; and posted in English or French were included. Results Diverse content was shared using #MedEd, including original tweets, links to peer-reviewed articles, and visual media. Tweets shared information about new educational approaches; system, clinical, or educational research outcomes; and measurement tools. #MedEd appears to be a mechanism of diffusion (n = 296 tweets) and dissemination (n = 164 tweets). It is less frequently used for knowledge exchange (n = 13 tweets) and knowledge synthesis (n = 5 tweets). No tweets demonstrated the ethically sound application of knowledge. Discussion It is challenging to determine whether and how #MedEd is used to promote the uptake of knowledge into HPE or if it is even possible for Twitter to serve these purposes. Further studies exploring how health professions educators use the knowledge gained from Twitter to inform their educational or clinical practices are recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M. Giroux
- Postdoctoral Fellow at Institute of Health Sciences Education at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, and a Part-time Professor in the Faculty of Education at the University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren A. Maggio
- Professor in the Department of Medicine at Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Conchita Saldanha
- Research Assistant at the School of Physical and Occupational Therapy at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Bussières
- Full Professor in the Department of Chiropractic at Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières and an Assistant Professor at the School of Physical and Occupational Therapy at McGill University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aliki Thomas
- Associate Professor at the School of Physical and Occupational Therapy and an Associate Member of the Institute of Health Sciences Education at McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Borst RAJ, Wehrens R, Nsangou M, Arikpo D, Esu E, Al Metleq A, Hobden O, Meremikwu M, Ongolo-Zogo P, Bal R, Kok MO. What makes knowledge translation work in practice? Lessons from a demand-driven and locally led project in Cameroon, Jordan and Nigeria. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:127. [PMID: 38049826 PMCID: PMC10694879 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-023-01083-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the years, the knowledge translation (KT) field has moved from promoting linearized models to embracing the importance of interaction and learning. Likewise, there is now increased attention on the transfer of KT approaches to new environments. Some scholars, however, have warned that ideas about transferability still hinge on linear thinking and doing. In the current study, we therefore sought to use a more reflexive approach to KT and to study how actors align KT approaches with their local environments. METHODS Our (auto) ethnographic study took place in a wider KT project. This project intended to combine three components: (1) co-organizing demand-driven, locally led and embedded KT cycles in Cameroon, Jordan, and Nigeria, (2) building upon established KT methods and (3) equipping and empowering local teams. We conducted 63 semi-structured interviews with key KT actors, observed 472 h of KT practices, and collected a paper trail of documents. At the same time, we also compiled project exchanges, such as project documents, plans, protocols, field notes, meeting notes and an archive of (email) correspondence between project members. We analysed all data abductively. RESULTS We show that there were numerous moments where the design of our project indeed enabled us to align with local practices and needs. Yet this often did not suffice, and the project design sometimes conflicted with other logics and values. By analysing these tensions, we want to show that doing KT work which acts upon different values and knowledges and is sensitive towards the different effects that it produces demands both structuring projects in a specific way and requires significant alignment work of KT actors in practice. CONCLUSIONS We show that practising KT more reflexively relies on two important conditions. First, KT projects have to be structured with sufficient discretionary space. Second, even though the structure of a project is important, there will be continuous need for alignment work. It is important to facilitate such alignment work and to further support it. In the discussion of this paper, we therefore articulate three design principles and three sensitivities. These elements can be used to make future KT projects more reflexive and sensitive to (social) complexity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert A J Borst
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O Box 1738, 3000DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Rik Wehrens
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O Box 1738, 3000DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Moustapha Nsangou
- Centre pour le Dévéloppement des Bonnes Pratiques en Santé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Dachi Arikpo
- Cochrane Nigeria, Institute of Tropical Diseases Research and Prevention, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Ekpereonne Esu
- Cochrane Nigeria, Institute of Tropical Diseases Research and Prevention, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
- Department of Public Health, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Ali Al Metleq
- The Higher Population Council, General Secretariat, Amman, Jordan
| | - Olivia Hobden
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O Box 1738, 3000DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Meremikwu
- Cochrane Nigeria, Institute of Tropical Diseases Research and Prevention, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | - Pierre Ongolo-Zogo
- Centre pour le Dévéloppement des Bonnes Pratiques en Santé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Roland Bal
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O Box 1738, 3000DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Olivier Kok
- Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O Box 1738, 3000DR, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Scratch SE, Mallory KD, Al-Hakeem H, Lovell A, Moody K, Lam B, Brazill L, Knapp P, Hickling A. Move&Connect-Youth: A Virtual Group Intervention for Youth Experiencing Persisting Symptoms After Concussion. Dev Neurorehabil 2023; 26:471-482. [PMID: 38531782 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2024.2331455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Move&Connect-Youth (M&C-Y) is an interdisciplinary virtual group intervention for youth experiencing persisting symptoms after concussion (PSAC) that includes psychoeducation, active rehabilitation, and goal-setting. Using an intervention mapping framework, this paper describes the iterative development of M&C-Y and findings from initial feasibility testing. Ten youth participated in M&C-Y completing pre-intervention demographic questionnaires and semi-structured exit interviews to understand participants' experience and gather feedback. M&C-Y was feasible based on apriori criteria and findings from interviews provided insights related to: (1) intervention structure, (2) intervention engagement, and (3) intervention takeaways. M&C-Y is a meaningful, feasible, and engaging intervention for youth with PSAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon E Scratch
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kylie D Mallory
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hiba Al-Hakeem
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Lovell
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kim Moody
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brendan Lam
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lindsay Brazill
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patricia Knapp
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Hickling
- Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abrams MP, Weiner J, Piske M, Enns B, Krebs E, Zang X, Nosyk B, Meisel ZF. Translating and disseminating a localised economic model to support implementation of the 'Ending the HIV Epidemic' initiative to public health policymakers. EVIDENCE & POLICY : A JOURNAL OF RESEARCH, DEBATE AND PRACTICE 2023; 19:554-571. [PMID: 38313044 PMCID: PMC10836837 DOI: 10.1332/174426421x16875142087569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Background Despite significant progress in HIV treatment and prevention, the US remains far from its goal of 'Ending the HIV Epidemic' by 2030. Economic models using local data can synthesise the evidence to help policymakers allocate HIV resources efficiently, but persistent research-to-practice gaps remain. Little is known about how to facilitate the use of economic modelling data among local public health policymakers in real-world settings. Aims and objectives To explore the dissemination of results from a locally-calibrated economic model for HIV prevention and treatment and identify the factors influencing potential uptake of the model for public health decision making at the local level. Methods Four virtual focus groups with 26 local health department policymakers in Baltimore, Miami, Seattle, and New York City were held between July 2020 and May 2021. Qualitative content analysis of transcripts identified key themes around using the localised economic model in policy decisions. Results Participants were interested in using local data in their decisions to allocate resources for HIV prevention/treatment. Six themes emerged: 1) importance of understanding local policy context; 2) health equity considerations; 3) using evidence to support current priorities; 4) difficulty of changing strategies, even incrementally; 5) bang for the incremental buck (efficiency) vs. previous impact; and 6) community values. Conclusion and relevance To optimise acceptance and use of results from economic models, researchers should engage with local community members and public health decision makers early to understand budgetary and community priorities. Participants prioritised evidence that supports their existing strategies, considers budgets and funding streams, and improves health equity; however, real-world budget constraints and conflicting interests serve as barriers to implementing model recommendations and reaching national goals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Micah Piske
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Canada
| | - Benjamin Enns
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Canada
| | - Emanuel Krebs
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Canada
| | | | - Bohdan Nosyk
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences and Simon Fraser University, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Costa IG, McConell K, Adduono K, Camargo-Plazas P, Koné A. Exploring diabetes status and social determinants of health influencing diabetes-related complications in a Northwestern community, Ontario, Canada: A mixed method study protocol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0273953. [PMID: 37768913 PMCID: PMC10538706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a common chronic condition affecting the many spheres of individuals' lives. It can also lead to severe complications without continuous management. Accordingly, this paper describes a study protocol aimed at 1) determining the status and prevalence of diabetes complications in a Northwestern Ontario community; 2) exploring the internal (e.g., demographic and clinical variables) and external factors (e.g., access to services and resources) affecting diabetes outcomes (e.g., complications, emergency room visits, hospitalizations); 3) critically exploring how the social determinants of health affect self-management for individuals living with diabetes; and 4) identifying individuals' needs, concerns, and challenges to monitor and regulate diabetes. The study uses a cross-sectional design and a social constructivist approach based on qualitative data collection. The proposed study will include patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with or without diabetes complications who have been attending the Centre for Complex Diabetes Care (CCDC) in Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada, since January 2019. Quantitative data related to diabetes complications and other outcomes, diabetes management, and demographic and clinical status will be retrieved from patients' charts using a data extraction form. Analyses of the quantitative data will include the prevalence of diabetes complications, rate of hospitalizations, and their associations with diabetes management, access to services, and social determinants of health. Additionally, interviews will occur with at least 10 participants with or without diabetes complications to understand their needs, concerns, and struggle to self-manage diabetes daily. The results of this study will generate evidence to support future research and policy on the development and implementation of an educational program to improve self-care management and outcomes for individuals living with diabetes and its complications in Northwestern Ontario.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Idevania G. Costa
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- School of Nursing, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging and Health (CERAH), Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Kristen McConell
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- School of Nursing, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Kaitlin Adduono
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- School of Nursing, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | | | - Anna Koné
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- Centre for Education and Research on Aging and Health (CERAH), Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- Behavioural Research and Northern Community Health Evaluative Services (Branches), Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
- Health System Performance Network (HSPN), Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Rural and Northern Health Research, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Leach C, Schulz AJ, Schroeck N, Lawrence S, Sand S, Williams G, Bewaji OA, Fuchs-Young R. Multi-directional communication between decision makers and environmental health researchers: a qualitative inquiry. ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 23:225-240. [PMID: 38881750 PMCID: PMC11177721 DOI: 10.1080/17477891.2023.2256727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
It has been three decades since key leaders gathered to pave a path toward healthier and more just environments and recommendations were made to improve communication between scientists and community stakeholders who can influence decision making. Since that time, community engaged research has flourished while building the capacity of researchers to engage in the work of making change to those environments has lagged. The purpose of this study was the development of guidelines to inform interactions between researchers and decision makers and influencers who participate in the policy change process. This community engaged, pragmatic and iterative inquiry includes insight from a review of existing resources and key informant interviews. Resulting guidelines were piloted, and formative evaluation by community stakeholders informed and resulted in refinement to the guidelines. Strategies for communicating and disseminating scientific evidence are presented as well as tactics that sensitise researchers to the nuances of policy makers' realities so they may serve as a resource for dealing with complex information and decisions. We provide tactics and archived resources in an on-line toolkit that we have cultivated over time to foster effective communication between scientists and those who have a stake in ensuring that decisions are evidence informed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Leach
- Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- Institute of Gerontology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Amy J. Schulz
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nicholas Schroeck
- Center for Urban Responses to Environmental Stressors, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
- University of Detroit Mercy School of Law, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Susie Lawrence
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sharon Sand
- University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Guy Williams
- Detroiters Working for Environmental Justice, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Oluwatosin A. Bewaji
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Robin Fuchs-Young
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Korri R, Ivanova O. A series of workshops to present research findings and fill knowledge gap among adolescent girls and young women on sexual and reproductive health in Lebanon: An example of active knowledge dissemination. J Glob Health 2023; 13:03044. [PMID: 37655369 PMCID: PMC10472200 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.03044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rayan Korri
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Centre of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Olena Ivanova
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Centre of the University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Carrasco M, Ohkubo S, Preaux A, Galavotti C, Mickler A, Raney L, Saad A, May AV, Quinn H. Assessing Use, Usefulness, and Application of the High Impact Practices in Family Planning Briefs and Strategic Planning Guides. GLOBAL HEALTH, SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2023; 11:e2200146. [PMID: 37640486 PMCID: PMC10461701 DOI: 10.9745/ghsp-d-22-00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In global health, persistent barriers and challenges to bridging the gap between research and practice remain critical to address in most health areas. The High Impact Practices (HIPs) briefs and strategic planning guides aim to bridge the know-do gap in family planning (FP) by facilitating research utilization and knowledge sharing and also providing a summary of experiential knowledge from experts. The purpose of this qualitative study was to assess the use, usefulness, and application of these 2 knowledge products developed by the HIP Partnership for decision-makers and implementers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS This research used in-depth interviews with FP stakeholders from various LMICs to assess the use, usefulness, and application of 2 HIP products for FP decision-makers and implementers. The analysis was shaped by an adapted logic model framework to assess HIP product reach, engagement, usefulness, learning, and action. RESULTS We interviewed 35 FP professionals from January to March 2021. Participants reported that HIP products have a wide reach, have garnered positive engagement, and were useful. Participants generally liked the current format of the HIP products and reported using them to inform program design, guide discussions with partners, enhance personal knowledge, support advocacy work, and strengthen the guidance they provide to colleagues in the field. The participants shared important feedback to improve the development and dissemination of HIP products, particularly a need to enhance local access and use. CONCLUSION The study highlighted the importance of knowledge products, such as the HIP briefs and strategic planning guides, to make evidence and experiential knowledge accessible to a wide audience. These can be valuable tools for policymakers and program implementers to ensure public health practices are evidence-based and integrate experiential knowledge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Carrasco
- Office of Population and Reproductive Health, U.S. Agency for International Development/Public Health Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Saori Ohkubo
- Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Annie Preaux
- Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
| | | | - Alexandria Mickler
- Office of Population and Reproductive Health, U.S. Agency for International Development/Public Health Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | | | | | - Heidi Quinn
- International Planned Parenthood Federation, Nairobi, Kenya
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Shwed A, Hoekstra F, Bhati D, Athanasopoulos P, Chernesky J, Martin Ginis K, McBride CB, Mortenson WB, Sibley KM, Sweet SN, Gainforth HL. IKT Guiding Principles: demonstration of diffusion and dissemination in partnership. RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT AND ENGAGEMENT 2023; 9:53. [PMID: 37438787 PMCID: PMC10337125 DOI: 10.1186/s40900-023-00462-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Integrated knowledge translation (IKT) is a partnered approach to research that aims to ensure research findings are applied in practice and policy. IKT can be used during diffusion and dissemination of research findings. However, there is a lack of understanding how an IKT approach can support the diffusion and dissemination of research findings. In this study, we documented and described the processes and outcomes of an IKT approach to diffusing and disseminating the findings of consensus recommendations for conducting spinal cord injury research. METHODS Communication of the IKT Guiding Principles in two phases: a diffusion phase during the first 102 days from the manuscript's publication, followed by a 1147 day active dissemination phase. A record of all inputs was kept and all activities were tracked by monitoring partnership communication, a partnership tracking survey, a project curriculum vitae, and team emails. Awareness outcomes were tracked through Google Analytics and a citation-forward search. Awareness includes the website accesses, the number of downloads, and the number of citations in the 29 month period following publication. RESULTS In the diffusion period, the recommendations were viewed 60 times from 4 different countries, and 4 new downloads. In the dissemination period, the recommendations were viewed 1109 times from 39 different countries, 386 new downloads, and 54 citations. Overall, during dissemination there was a 17.5% increase in new visitors to the website a month and a 95.5% increase in downloads compared to diffusion. CONCLUSION This project provides an overview of an IKT approach to diffusion and dissemination. Overall, IKT may be helpful for increasing awareness of research findings faster; however, more research is needed to understand best practices and the the impact of an IKT approach on the diffusion and dissemination versus a non-partnered approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alanna Shwed
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Femke Hoekstra
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - DivyaKanwar Bhati
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Kathleen Martin Ginis
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - W Ben Mortenson
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kathryn M Sibley
- Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Shane N Sweet
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Heather L Gainforth
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Gilman SD, Gravitt PE, Paz-Soldán VA. Implementation of new technologies designed to improve cervical cancer screening and completion of care in low-resource settings: A case study from the Proyecto Precancer. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3093534. [PMID: 37461540 PMCID: PMC10350167 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3093534/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Background This case study details the experience of the Proyecto Precancer in applying the Integrative Systems Praxis for Implementation Research (INSPIRE) research methodology to guide the co-development, planning, implementation, adoption, and sustainment of new technologies and screening practices in a cervical cancer screening and management program in the Peruvian Amazon. We briefly describe the theoretical grounding of the INSPIRE framework, the phases of the INSPIRE process, the activities within each phase, and the RE-AIM outcomes used to evaluate program outcomes. Methods Proyecto Precancer iteratively engaged over 90 stakeholders in the Micro Red Iquitos Sur (MRIS) health network in the Amazonian region of Loreto, Perú through the INSPIRE phases. INSPIRE is an integrative research methodology grounded in systems thinking, participatory action research, and implementation science frameworks such as the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. An interrupted time-series design with a mixed-methods RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) evaluation framework was used to examine the adoption of molecular-based primary cervical cancer screening using HPV-testing (including self-sampling), with direct treatment after visual inspection with portable thermal ablation at the primary level. Results The participatory and system-thinking-oriented approach led to rapid adoption and successful implementation of the new cervical cancer screening and management program within 6 months, using an HPV-based screen-and-treat strategy across 17 health facilities in one of the largest public health networks of the Peruvian Amazon. Monitoring and evaluation data revealed that, within 6 months, the MRIS had surpassed their monthly screening goals, tripling their original screening rate, with approximately 70% of HPV-positive women reaching a completion of care endpoint, compared with around 30% prior to the new CCSM strategy. Conclusions Proyecto Precancer facilitated the adoption and sustainment of molecular-based primary cervical cancer screening using HPV-testing (including self-sampling), with direct treatment after visual inspection with portable thermal ablation at the primary level and the de-implementation of existing visual inspection-based screening strategies and colposcopy for routine precancer triage at the hospital level. This case study shows how PP used implementation science approaches to guide the adoption of a new screen-and-treat strategy in the Peruvian Amazon, while facilitating de-implementation of older screening practices.
Collapse
|
30
|
Hull SJ, Massie JS, Holt SL, Bowleg L. Intersectionality Policymaking Toolkit: Key Principles for an Intersectionality-Informed Policymaking Process to Serve Diverse Women, Children, and Families. Health Promot Pract 2023; 24:623-635. [PMID: 36960782 PMCID: PMC10445436 DOI: 10.1177/15248399231160447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Health and economic inequities among U.S. racial/ethnic minority women and children are staggering. These inequities underscore a dire need for intersectionality-informed, social-justice-oriented maternal and child (MCH) policies and programs for U.S. women and children. In response, we developed the "Intersectionality Policymaking Toolkit: Key Principles for an Intersectionality Informed Policymaking Process to Serve Diverse Women, Children and Families" to assist U.S. policymakers/aides, practitioners, and other stakeholders in developing more equitable MCH policies/programs. This article describes the Toolkit development process and initial assessments of acceptability and feasibility for use in MCH policymaking. Between 2018 and 2021, we utilized the process that the World Health Organization (WHO) used to develop its WHO Surgical Safety Checklist to develop the content (e.g., case studies) and format (i.e., structure), make strategic decisions (e.g., core items, primary audiences, timing of utilization), test concepts, and receive feedback. We convened a 2-day planning meeting with experts (n = 8) in intersectionality, policymaking, and MCH to draft the Toolkit. Next, we convened half-day workshops with policymaking and program leadership and staff in Washington, DC, New Orleans, LA, and Santa Fe, NM, to refine the Toolkit (n = 37). Then we conducted an initial assessment of the Toolkits' acceptability and feasibility using surveys (n = 21), followed by focus groups (n = 7). The resulting Toolkit distills Critical Race Theory's and intersectionality's most critical elements into a user-friendly modality to promote and enhance equitable MCH policies and programs for diverse U.S. women and families.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shawnika J. Hull
- Corresponding Author: Department of Communication, Rutgers University, 4 Huntington St. New Brunswick, NJ, 08901.
| | | | | | - Lisa Bowleg
- Department of Psychology, The George Washington University
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Weber M, Armour VL, Lindstadt C, Yanovitzky I. Testing Multiple Methods to Effectively Promote Use of a Knowledge Portal to Health Policy Makers: Quasi-Experimental Evaluation. J Med Internet Res 2023; 25:e41997. [PMID: 37379073 PMCID: PMC10365604 DOI: 10.2196/41997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health policy makers and advocates increasingly utilize online resources for policy-relevant knowledge. Knowledge brokering is one potential mechanism to encourage the use of research evidence in policy making, but the mechanisms of knowledge brokerage in online spaces are understudied. This work looks at knowledge brokerage through the launch of Project ASPEN, an online knowledge portal developed in response to a New Jersey legislative act that established a pilot program for adolescent depression screening for young adults in grades 7-12. OBJECTIVE This study compares the ability to drive policy brief downloads by policy makers and advocates from the Project ASPEN knowledge portal using a variety of online methods to promote the knowledge portal. METHODS The knowledge portal was launched on February 1, 2022, and a Google Ad campaign was run between February 27, 2022, and March 26, 2022. Subsequently, a targeted social media campaign, an email campaign, and tailored research presentations were used to promote the website. Promotional activities ended on May 31, 2022. Website analytics were used to track a variety of actions including new users coming to the website, page views, and policy brief downloads. Statistical analysis was used to assess the efficacy of different approaches. RESULTS The campaign generated 2837 unique user visits to the knowledge portal and 4713 page views. In addition, the campaign generated 6.5 policy web page views/day and 0.7 policy brief downloads/day compared with 1.8 views/day and 0.5 downloads/day in the month following the campaign. The rate of policy brief page view conversions was significantly higher for Google Ads compared with other channels such as email (16.0 vs 5.4; P<.001) and tailored research presentations (16.0 vs 0.8; P<.001). The download conversion rate for Google Ads was significantly higher compared with social media (1.2 vs 0.1; P<.001) and knowledge brokering activities (1.2 vs 0.2; P<.001). By contrast, the download conversion rate for the email campaign was significantly higher than that for social media (1.0 vs 0.1; P<.001) and tailored research presentations (1.0 vs 0.2; P<.001). While Google Ads for this campaign cost an average of US $2.09 per click, the cost per conversion was US $11 per conversion to drive targeted policy web page views and US $147 per conversion to drive policy brief downloads. While other approaches drove less traffic, those approaches were more targeted and cost-effective. CONCLUSIONS Four tactics were tested to drive user engagement with policy briefs on the Project ASPEN knowledge portal. Google Ads was shown to be effective in driving a high volume of policy web page views but was ineffective in terms of relative costs. More targeted approaches such as email campaigns and tailored research presentations given to policy makers and advocates to promote the use of research evidence on the knowledge portal website are likely to be more effective when balancing goals and cost-effectiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Weber
- Department of Communication, School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Veronica L Armour
- Department of Communication, School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Calandra Lindstadt
- Office of Engagement and Extension, Colorado State University, Grand Junction, CO, United States
| | - Itzhak Yanovitzky
- Department of Communication, School of Communication and Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Rajwar E, Pundir P, Parsekar SS, D S A, D'Souza SRB, Nayak BS, Noronha JA, D'Souza P, Oliver S. The utilization of systematic review evidence in formulating India's National Health Programme guidelines between 2007 and 2021. Health Policy Plan 2023; 38:435-453. [PMID: 36715073 PMCID: PMC10089070 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czad008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence-informed policymaking integrates the best available evidence on programme outcomes to guide decisions at all stages of the policy process and its importance becomes more pronounced in resource-constrained settings. In this paper, we have reviewed the use of systematic review evidence in framing National Health Programme (NHP) guidelines in India. We searched official websites of the different NHPs, linked to the main website of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), in December 2020 and January 2021. NHP guideline documents with systematic review evidence were identified and information on the use of this evidence was extracted. We classified the identified systematic review evidence according to its use in the guideline documents and analysed the data to provide information on the different factors and patterns linked to the use of systematic review evidence in these documents. Systematic reviews were mostly visible in guideline documents addressing maternal and newborn health, communicable diseases and immunization. These systematic reviews were cited in the guidelines to justify the need for action, to justify recommendations for action and opportunities for local adaptation, and to highlight implementation challenges and justify implementation strategies. Guideline documents addressing implementation cited systematic reviews about the problems and policy options more often than citing systematic reviews about implementation. Systematic reviews were linked directly to support statements in few guideline documents, and sometimes the reviews were not appropriately cited. Most of the systematic reviews providing information on the nature and scale of the policy problem included Indian data. It was seen that since 2014, India has been increasingly using systematic review evidence for public health policymaking, particularly for some of its high-priority NHPs. This complements the increasing investment in research synthesis centres and procedures to support evidence-informed decision making, demonstrating the continued evolution of India's evidence policy system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eti Rajwar
- Public Health Evidence South Asia, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
- The George Institute for Global Health, 308, Third Floor, Elegance Tower, Plot No. 8, Jasola District Centre, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Prachi Pundir
- Public Health Evidence South Asia, Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
- The George Institute for Global Health, 308, Third Floor, Elegance Tower, Plot No. 8, Jasola District Centre, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shradha S Parsekar
- Department of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Anupama D S
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sonia R B D'Souza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Baby S Nayak
- Department of Child Health Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Judith Angelitta Noronha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecological Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Madhav Nagar, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Preethy D'Souza
- EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, 10 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AL, UK
| | - Sandy Oliver
- EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, 10 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AL, UK
- Africa Centre for Evidence, Faculty of Humanities, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Munro S, Di Meglio G, Williams A, Barbic SP, Begun S, Black A, Carson A, Fortin M, Jacob K, Khan Z, Martin-Misener R, Meherali S, Paller V, Seiyad H, Vallée CA, Wahl K, Norman WV. Can youth-engaged research facilitate equitable access to contraception in Canada? The qualitative study protocol for the Ask Us project. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e070904. [PMID: 36863736 PMCID: PMC9990688 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-070904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is little to no evidence in Canada on the barriers that youth face when accessing contraception. We seek to identify the contraception access, experiences, beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and needs of youth in Canada, from the perspectives of youth and youth service providers. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This prospective, mixed-methods, integrated knowledge mobilisation study, the Ask Us project, will involve a national sample of youth, healthcare and social service providers, and policy makers recruited via a novel relational mapping and outreach approach led by youth. Phase I will centre the voices of youth and their service providers through in-depth one-on-one interviews. We will explore the factors influencing youth access to contraception, theoretically guided by Levesque's Access to Care framework. Phase II will focus on the cocreation and evaluation of knowledge translation products (youth stories) with youth, service providers, and policy makers. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was received from the University of British Columbia's Research Ethics Board (H21-01091). Full open-access publication of the work will be sought in an international peer-reviewed journal. Findings will be disseminated to youth and service providers through social media, newsletters, and communities of practice, and to policy makers through invited evidence briefs and face-to-face presentations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Munro
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Giuseppina Di Meglio
- Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Aleyah Williams
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Skye Pamela Barbic
- Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Stephanie Begun
- Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda Black
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Carson
- Research, Innovation, and Discovery, Nova Scotia Health, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Michelle Fortin
- Options for Sexual Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kaiya Jacob
- Youth Partner, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zeba Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Salima Meherali
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Victoria Paller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Carol-Anne Vallée
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kate Wahl
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Wendy V Norman
- Department of Family Practice, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine Faculty of Public Health and Policy, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Ednie G, Kapoor T, Koppel O, Piczak ML, Reid JL, Murdoch AD, Cook CN, Sutherland WJ, Cooke SJ. Foresight science in conservation: Tools, barriers, and mainstreaming opportunities. AMBIO 2023; 52:411-424. [PMID: 36287382 PMCID: PMC9607712 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-022-01786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Foresight science is a systematic approach to generate future predictions for planning and management by drawing upon analytical and predictive tools to understand the past and present, while providing insights about the future. To illustrate the application of foresight science in conservation, we present three case studies: identification of emerging risks to conservation, conservation of at-risk species, and aid in the development of management strategies for multiple stressors. We highlight barriers to mainstreaming foresight science in conservation including knowledge accessibility/organization, communication across diverse stakeholders/decision makers, and organizational capacity. Finally, we investigate opportunities for mainstreaming foresight science including continued advocacy to showcase its application, incorporating emerging technologies (i.e., artificial intelligence) to increase capacity/decrease costs, and increasing education/training in foresight science via specialized courses and curricula for trainees and practicing professionals. We argue that failure to mainstream foresight science will hinder the ability to achieve future conservation objectives in the Anthropocene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Ednie
- Biology Department, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave. E, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Tyreen Kapoor
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Olga Koppel
- Biology Department, University of Ottawa, 75 Laurier Ave. E, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5 Canada
| | - Morgan L. Piczak
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Jessica L. Reid
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Alyssa D. Murdoch
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Wildlife Conservation Society Canada, 169 Titanium Way, Whitehorse, YK Y1A 0E9 Canada
| | - Carly N. Cook
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800 Australia
| | - William J. Sutherland
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, The David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QZ UK
- Biosecurity Research Initiative at St Catharine’s (BioRISC), St Catharine’s College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1RL UK
| | - Steven J. Cooke
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
- Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mecaskey J, Verboom B, Liverani M, Mijumbi-Deve R, Jessani NS. Improving institutional platforms for evidence-informed decision-making: getting beyond technical solutions. Health Res Policy Syst 2023; 21:5. [PMID: 36647051 PMCID: PMC9841961 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Purely technical interventions aimed at enhancing evidence-informed decision-making (EIDM) have rarely translated into organizational institutionalization or systems change. A panel of four presentations at the Health Systems Global 2020 conference provides a basis for inference about contextual factors that influence the establishment and sustainability of institutional platforms to support EIDM. These cases include local structures such as citizen panels in Uganda, regional knowledge translation structures such as the West African Health Organization, global multilateral initiatives such as the "One Health" Quadrapartite and regional public health networks in South-East Asia. They point to the importance of political economy as well as technical capability determinants of evidence uptake and utilization at institutional, organizational and individual levels. The cases also lend support to evidence that third-party (broker and intermediary) supportive institutions can facilitate EIDM processes. The involvement of third-party supranational organizations, however, poses challenges in terms of legitimacy and accountability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ben Verboom
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Liverani
- grid.8991.90000 0004 0425 469XDepartment of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Rhona Mijumbi-Deve
- The Center for Rapid Evidence Synthesis (ACRES), Kampala, Uganda ,grid.412988.e0000 0001 0109 131XAfrica Centre for Evidence, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nasreen S. Jessani
- grid.11956.3a0000 0001 2214 904XCentre for Evidence Based Health Care, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
INCOG 2.0 Guidelines for Cognitive Rehabilitation Following Traumatic Brain Injury: What's Changed From 2014 to Now? J Head Trauma Rehabil 2023; 38:1-6. [PMID: 36594855 DOI: 10.1097/htr.0000000000000826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
37
|
Ackermann E, Kievit B, Xavier J, Barbic S, Ferguson M, Greer A, Loyal J, Mamdani Z, Palis H, Pauly B, Slaunwhite A, Buxton JA. Awareness and knowledge of the Good Samaritan Drug Overdose Act among people at risk of witnessing an overdose in British Columbia, Canada: a multi-methods cross sectional study. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2022; 17:42. [PMID: 35614474 PMCID: PMC9131579 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-022-00472-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bystanders to drug overdoses often avoid or delay calling 9–1-1 and cite fear of police involvement as a main reason. In 2017, the Good Samaritan Drug Overdose Act (GSDOA) was enacted by the Canadian government to provide people present at an overdose with legal protection from charges for simple drug possession, and conditions stemming from simple possession. Few studies have taken a multi-methods approach to evaluating the GSDOA. We used quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews to explore awareness, understanding, and perceptions of the GSDOA in people at risk of witnessing an overdose. Methods Quantitative cross-sectional surveys and qualitative telephone interviews were conducted with adults and youth at risk of witnessing an overdose across British Columbia. Cross-sectional survey participants were recruited at 19 Take Home Naloxone sites and online through Foundry. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed hierarchically to determine factors associated with GSDOA awareness. Telephone interview participants were recruited by research assistants with lived/living experience of substance use. Deductive and inductive thematic analyses were conducted to identify major themes. Results Overall, 52.7% (n = 296) of the quantitative study sample (N = 453) reported being aware of the GSDOA. In multivariable analysis, cellphone possession (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.36, 3.54) and having recently witnessed an opioid overdose (AOR = 2.34; 95% CI 1.45, 3.80) were positively associated with GSDOA awareness. Young adults (25 – 34 years) were more likely to be aware of the Act (AOR = 2.10; 95% CI 1.11, 3.98) compared to youth (16–24 years). Qualitative interviews (N = 42) revealed that many overestimated the protections offered by the GSDOA. To increase awareness and knowledge of the Act among youth, participants recommended adding the GSDOA to school curricula and using social media. Word of mouth was suggested to reach adults. Conclusion Both awareness and knowledge of the GSDOA remain low in BC, with many overestimating the protections the Act offers. Dissemination efforts should be led by people with lived/living experience and should target those with limited awareness and understanding of the Act as misunderstandings can erode trust in law enforcement and harm reduction policy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13011-022-00472-4.
Collapse
|
38
|
Schulte PA, Delclos GL, Felknor SA, Streit JMK, McDaniel M, Chosewood LC, Newman LS, Bhojani FA, Pana-Cryan R, Swanson NG. Expanding the Focus of Occupational Safety and Health: Lessons from a Series of Linked Scientific Meetings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15381. [PMID: 36430096 PMCID: PMC9690540 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is widespread recognition that the world of work is changing, and agreement is growing that the occupational safety and health (OSH) field must change to contribute to the protection of workers now and in the future. Discourse on the evolution of OSH has been active for many decades, but formalized support of an expanded focus for OSH has greatly increased over the past 20 years. Development of approaches such as the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)'s Total Worker Health® concept and the World Health Organization (WHO)'s Healthy Workplace Framework are concrete examples of how OSH can incorporate a new focus with a wider view. In 2019, NIOSH initiated a multi-year effort to explore an expanded focus for OSH. This paper is a report on the outputs of a three-year cooperative agreement between NIOSH and The University of Texas School of Public Health, which led to subject matter expert workshops in 2020 and an international conference of global interest groups in 2021. This article traces the background of these meetings and identifies and assesses the lessons learned. It also reviews ten thematic topics that emerged from the meetings: worker health inequalities; training new OSH professionals; future OSH research and practice; tools to measure well-being of workers; psychosocial hazards and adverse mental health effects; skilling, upskilling and improving job quality; socioeconomic influences; climate change; COVID-19 pandemic influences; and strategic foresight. Cross-cutting these themes is the need for systems and transdisciplinary thinking and operationalization of the concept of well-being to prepare the OSH field for the work of the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul A. Schulte
- Advanced Technologies and Laboratories International, Inc., Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA
| | - George L. Delclos
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sarah A. Felknor
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Jessica M. K. Streit
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Michelle McDaniel
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - L. Casey Chosewood
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
| | - Lee S. Newman
- Center for Health, Work & Environment and Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, CU Anschutz, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | | | - Rene Pana-Cryan
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20024, USA
| | - Naomi G. Swanson
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Cranley LA, Lo TKT, Weeks LE, Hoben M, Ginsburg LR, Doupe M, Anderson RA, Wagg A, Boström AM, Estabrooks CA, Norton PG. Reporting unit context data to stakeholders in long-term care: a practical approach. Implement Sci Commun 2022; 3:120. [DOI: 10.1186/s43058-022-00369-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The importance of reporting research evidence to stakeholders in ways that balance complexity and usability is well-documented. However, guidance for how to accomplish this is less clear. We describe a method of developing and visualising dimension-specific scores for organisational context (context rank method). We explore perspectives of leaders in long-term care nursing homes (NHs) on two methods for reporting organisational context data: context rank method and our traditionally presented binary method—more/less favourable context.
Methods
We used a multimethod design. First, we used survey data from 4065 healthcare aides on 290 care units from 91 NHs to calculate quartiles for each of the 10 Alberta Context Tool (ACT) dimension scores, aggregated at the care unit level based on the overall sample distribution of these scores. This ordinal variable was then summed across ACT scores. Context rank scores were assessed for associations with outcomes for NH staff and for quality of care (healthcare aides’ instrumental and conceptual research use, job satisfaction, rushed care, care left undone) using regression analyses. Second, we used a qualitative descriptive approach to elicit NH leaders’ perspectives on whether the methods were understandable, meaningful, relevant, and useful. With 16 leaders, we conducted focus groups between December 2017 and June 2018: one in Nova Scotia, one in Prince Edward Island, and one in Ontario, Canada. Data were analysed using content analysis.
Results
Composite scores generated using the context rank method had positive associations with healthcare aides’ instrumental research use (p < .0067) and conceptual research use and job satisfaction (p < .0001). Associations were negative between context rank summary scores and rushed care and care left undone (p < .0001). Overall, leaders indicated that data presented by both methods had value. They liked the binary method as a starting point but appreciated the greater level of detail in the context rank method.
Conclusions
We recommend careful selection of either the binary or context rank method based on purpose and audience. If a simple, high-level overview is the goal, the binary method has value. If improvement is the goal, the context rank method will give leaders more actionable details.
Collapse
|
40
|
Implementing service transformation for children and adolescents with eating disorders across England: the theory, politics, and pragmatics of large-scale service reform. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:146. [PMID: 36217209 PMCID: PMC9549853 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating disorders are among the most serious mental health problems affecting children and young people and without appropriate treatment often have a protracted course with high levels of morbidity and mortality. While considerable progress has been made in recent years in developing effective evidence-based outpatient treatments, these are not always readily available. In England, until recently, the usual care pathway for young people with an eating disorder was referral from primary care to local generic Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services with varying levels of expertise in eating disorders and a mix of outpatient treatments available. Poor treatment progress or physical deterioration would usually result in inpatient admission. Admission rates were high, with children and young people with an eating disorder accounting for nearly a quarter of all child and adolescent psychiatric hospital admissions. Inpatient treatment is costly and has high relapse rates with some evidence that it may contribute to poorer long-term outcomes in eating disorders. Accumulating clinical and research evidence that early expert outpatient treatment can significantly reduce the need for inpatient care indicates,+ that investing in dedicated community-based eating disorders services is likely to be both clinically and economically beneficial. OVERVIEW OF PAPER This paper describes a large-scale transformation programme following a major government investment (initially £30 million/year, since then increased to over £50 million/year) aimed at service level change in the provision of eating disorder services for children and adolescents in England. We describe the history, background, political context, and clinical and research evidence that contributed to the government's decision to invest in eating disorders. We also provide a brief account of the implementation of an England-wide whole team training to support the creation of a network of over 70 dedicated community-based eating disorders services for children and young people.
Collapse
|
41
|
Sampson C, Zamora B, Watson S, Cairns J, Chalkidou K, Cubi-Molla P, Devlin N, García-Lorenzo B, Hughes DA, Leech AA, Towse A. Supply-Side Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds: Questions for Evidence-Based Policy. APPLIED HEALTH ECONOMICS AND HEALTH POLICY 2022; 20:651-667. [PMID: 35668345 PMCID: PMC9385803 DOI: 10.1007/s40258-022-00730-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is growing interest in cost-effectiveness thresholds as a tool to inform resource allocation decisions in health care. Studies from several countries have sought to estimate health system opportunity costs, which supply-side cost-effectiveness thresholds are intended to represent. In this paper, we consider the role of empirical estimates of supply-side thresholds in policy-making. Recent studies estimate the cost per unit of health based on average displacement or outcome elasticity. We distinguish the types of point estimates reported in empirical work, including marginal productivity, average displacement, and outcome elasticity. Using this classification, we summarise the limitations of current approaches to threshold estimation in terms of theory, methods, and data. We highlight the questions that arise from alternative interpretations of thresholds and provide recommendations to policymakers seeking to use a supply-side threshold where the evidence base is emerging or incomplete. We recommend that: (1) policymakers must clearly define the scope of the application of a threshold, and the theoretical basis for empirical estimates should be consistent with that scope; (2) a process for the assessment of new evidence and for determining changes in the threshold to be applied in policy-making should be created; (3) decision-making processes should retain flexibility in the application of a threshold; and (4) policymakers should provide support for decision-makers relating to the use of thresholds and the implementation of decisions stemming from their application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sam Watson
- University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - John Cairns
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Borja García-Lorenzo
- Kronikgune Institute for Health Services Research, Basque Country, Spain
- Assessment of Innovations and New Technologies Unit, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dyfrig A Hughes
- Centre for Health Economics and Medicines Evaluation, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Baum F, Townsend B, Fisher M, Browne-Yung K, Freeman T, Ziersch A, Harris P, Friel S. Creating Political Will for Action on Health Equity: Practical Lessons for Public Health Policy Actors. Int J Health Policy Manag 2022; 11:947-960. [PMID: 33327689 PMCID: PMC9808180 DOI: 10.34172/ijhpm.2020.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite growing evidence on the social determinants of health and health equity, political action has not been commensurate. Little is known about how political will operates to enact pro-equity policies or not. This paper examines how political will for pro-health equity policies is created through analysis of public policy in multiple sectors. METHODS Eight case studies were undertaken of Australian policies where action was either taken or proposed on health equity or where the policy seemed contrary to such action. Telephone or face-to-face interviews were conducted with 192 state and non-state participants. Analysis of the cases was done through thematic analysis and triangulated with document analysis. RESULTS Our case studies covered: trade agreements, primary healthcare (PHC), work conditions, digital access, urban planning, social welfare and Indigenous health. The extent of political will for pro-equity policies depended on the strength of path dependency, electoral concerns, political philosophy, the strength of economic and biomedical framings, whether elite interests were threatened and the success or otherwise of civil society lobbying. CONCLUSION Public health policy actors may create political will through: determining how path dependency that exacerbates health inequities can be broken, working with sympathetic political forces committed to fairness; framing policy options in a way that makes them more likely to be adopted, outlining factors to consider in challenging the interests of elites, and considering the extent to which civil society will work in favour of equitable policies. A shift in norms is required to stress equity and the right to health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fran Baum
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society & Equity, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Belinda Townsend
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matt Fisher
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society & Equity, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | | | - Toby Freeman
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society & Equity, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anna Ziersch
- Southgate Institute for Health, Society & Equity, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Patrick Harris
- Menzies Centre for Health Governance, School of Regulation and Global Governance, College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Sharon Friel
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Reichmann S, Wieser B. Open science at the science-policy interface: bringing in the evidence? Health Res Policy Syst 2022; 20:70. [PMID: 35725491 PMCID: PMC9208144 DOI: 10.1186/s12961-022-00867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Part of the current enthusiasm about open science stems from its promises to reform scientific practice in service of the common good, to ensure that scientific outputs will be found and reused more easily, and to enhance scientific impact on policy and society. With this article, we question this optimism by analysing the potential for open science practices to enhance research uptake at the science–policy interface. Science advice is critical to help policy-makers make informed decisions. Likewise, some interpretations of open science hold that making research processes and outputs more transparent and accessible will also enhance the uptake of results by policy and society at large. However, we argue that this hope is based on an unjustifiably simplistic understanding of the science–policy interface that leaves key terms (“impact”, “uptake”) undefined. We show that this understanding—based upon linear models of research uptake—likewise grounds the influential “evidence–policy gap” diagnosis which holds that to improve research uptake, communication and interaction between researchers and policy-makers need to be improved. The overall normative stance of both discussions has sidelined empirical description of the science–policy interface, ignoring questions about the underlying differences between the policy domain and academia. Importantly, both open science and literature on closing the evidence–policy gap recommend improving communication (in terms of either the content or the means) as a viable strategy. To correct some of these views, we combine insights from policy theory with a narrative review of the literature on the evidence–policy gap in the health domain and find that removing barriers to access by itself will not be enough to foster research uptake.
Collapse
|
44
|
Let's Talk About It: A Narrative Review of Digital Approaches for Disseminating and Communicating Health Research and Innovation. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2022; 28:541-549. [PMID: 35703285 DOI: 10.1097/phh.0000000000001518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Best health practice and policy are derived from research, yet the adoption of research findings into health practice and policy continues to lag. Efforts to close this knowledge-to-action gap can be addressed through knowledge translation, which is composed of knowledge synthesis, dissemination, exchange, and application. Although all components warrant investigation, improvements in knowledge dissemination are particularly needed. Specifically, as society continues to evolve and technology becomes increasingly present in everyday life, knowing how to share research findings (with the appropriate audience, using tailored messaging, and through the right digital medium) is an important component towards improved health knowledge translation. As such, this article presents a review of digital presentation formats and communication channels that can be leveraged by health researchers, as well as practitioners and policy makers, for knowledge dissemination of health research. In addition, this article highlights a series of additional factors worth consideration, as well as areas for future direction.
Collapse
|
45
|
Meyer C, Ogrin R, Golenko X, Cyarto E, Paine K, Walsh W, Hutchinson A, Lowthian J. A codesigned fit-for-purpose implementation framework for aged care. J Eval Clin Pract 2022; 28:421-435. [PMID: 35129259 PMCID: PMC9303944 DOI: 10.1111/jep.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The field of implementation science is critical for embedding research evidence into healthcare practice, benefiting individuals, organizations, governments, and the broader community. Implementation science is messy and complex, underpinned by many theories and frameworks. Efficacious interventions for older people with multiple comorbidities exist, yet many lack effectiveness evaluation relevant to pragmatic implementation within aged care practice. This article outlines the conceptualization and development of an Implementation Framework for Aged Care (IFAC), fit-for-purpose for an aged care organization, Bolton Clarke, intent on embedding evidence into practice. METHOD A four-stage process was adopted to (1) explore context and relevant literature to conceptualize the IFAC; (2) identify key elements for a draft IFAC; (3) expand elements and refine the draft in consultation with experts and (4) apply the IFAC to three existing projects, identifying key learnings. A checklist to operationalize the IFAC was then developed. RESULTS The IFAC is grounded in codesign principles and encapsulated by the implementation context, from a social, cultural and political perspective. The IFAC addresses the questions of (1) why do we need to change?; (2) what do we know?; (3) who will benefit?; (4) who will make the change?; (5) what strategies will be used?; and (6) what difference are we making? Three pilot projects: early adoption of a Wellness and Reablement approach; a care worker and virtual physiotherapist-led program to prevent falls; and a therapeutic horticulture program for residential communities, highlight learnings of applying the IFAC in practice. CONCLUSION This fit-for-purpose IFAC was developed for a proactive and responsive aged care provider. The simplicity of the six-question IFAC is underpinned by substantial theoretical perspectives for its elements and their connections. This complexity is then consolidated into an 18-question checklist to operationalize the IFAC, necessary to advance the translation of evidence into clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Meyer
- Department of Bolton Clarke, Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Department is School of Psychology and Public Health, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.,Department is School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living Research Centre, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rajna Ogrin
- Department of Bolton Clarke, Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Business Strategy and Innovation, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Xanthe Golenko
- Department of Bolton Clarke, Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Business Innovation and Strategy, Griffith Business School, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Cyarto
- Department of Bolton Clarke, Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kath Paine
- Department of Bolton Clarke, Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Willeke Walsh
- Department of Bolton Clarke, Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alison Hutchinson
- Department is School of Psychology and Public Health, Centre for Health Communication and Participation, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.,School of Nursing and Midwifery, Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research, Institute for Health Transformation Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Judy Lowthian
- Department of Bolton Clarke, Bolton Clarke Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ahmadi A, Yazdizadeh B, Doshmangir L, Majdzadeh R, Asghari S. PROTOCOL: Systematic review of methods to reduce risk of bias in knowledge translation interventional studies in health-related issues. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2022; 18:e1236. [PMID: 36911351 PMCID: PMC9005927 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Review studies have reported on the low quality of study methodologies and poor reporting of knowledge translation (KT) interventional studies. This flaw cause the result of such studies to become misleading. Objectives The present review is designed to evaluate the effect of methodological factors on the results of interventional studies that aimed to evaluate KT strategies at the policy level. Search Methods Bibliographic databases and grey literature databases will be searched. The retrieved studies will be recorded in Covidence. After screening titles and abstracts, the full texts of selected studies will be assessed against the inclusion criteria. Disagreements will be resolved through discussion or by consultation with a third author. Selection Criteria Primary studies are studies that aimed to estimate the efficacy of KT strategies to improve evidence-informed policymaking. Study participants include policymakers and the intervention is a KT strategy. The main outcome is the desired changes in policy-makers towards evidence-informed decision-making. Data Collection and Analysis The main effect sizes will be expressed as standard mean difference and its variance for the main efficacy outcome of KT strategies in primary studies. Forest plot meta-analysis will be used to synthesize the effect of each group of KT strategies. The contribution of ROB to the efficacy of KT interventions will be assessed via Meta-epidemiology analysis. The overall estimate will be calculated using inverse-variance random-effects meta-analysis with a 95% confidence interval for the estimate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayat Ahmadi
- Knowledge Utilization Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Bahareh Yazdizadeh
- Knowledge Utilization Research CenterTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Leila Doshmangir
- Department of Health Policy & ManagementTabriz Health Services Management Research Center, School of Management & medical informatics, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Reza Majdzadeh
- Community Based Participatory Research Center, Knowledge Utilization Research CenterTehran University of Medical ScienceTehranIran
| | - Shabnam Asghari
- Family MedicineMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt. John'sCanada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lewis D, Rahman MF, Twinomuhangi R, Haque S, Huq N, Huq S, Ribbe L, Ishtiaque A. University-Based Researchers as Knowledge Brokers for Climate Policies and Action. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH 2022; 35:656-683. [PMID: 35603007 PMCID: PMC9112648 DOI: 10.1057/s41287-022-00526-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Responding effectively to climate crisis requires strong science-policy links to be put in place. Past research on the research-policy interface indicates longstanding challenges that have become more acute in the case of climate science, since this requires multi-disciplinary approaches and faces distinctive political challenges in linking knowledge with policy. What can be learned from the experiences of university-based researchers seeking to influence policy as they try to operate in the brokering space? With this in mind, an empirical study was designed to capture the detailed views and experiences of forty researchers in four universities across four countries-Bangladesh, Germany, Uganda and UK. It found a wide range of different researcher attitudes to policy engagement, diverse methods of engaging, a preference for working with government and civil society over private sector policy actors, and a perceived need for more university support. The findings suggest a need to rethink conditions for engagement to create spaces for knowledge exchange and cooperation that can contribute to policies for societal transformation. More attention also needs to be paid to interdisciplinary research approaches, improving research connections with private sector actors, and strengthening university research links with local communities. Finally, the position of university based researchers in the Global South will require strengthening to improve North-South knowledge exchange, capacity development, and incentives for policy engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Lewis
- London School of Economics & Political Science, London, UK
| | - M. Feisal Rahman
- International Centre for Climate Change and Development (ICCCAD), Independent University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Revocatus Twinomuhangi
- Makerere University Centre for Climate Change Research and Innovations (MUCCRI), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Shababa Haque
- International Centre for Climate Change and Development (ICCCAD), Independent University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Saleemul Huq
- International Centre for Climate Change and Development (ICCCAD), Independent University of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Asif Ishtiaque
- School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gollust SE, Call KT, Moon JR, Cluxton B, Bailey Z. Designing and Implementing a Curriculum to Support Health Equity Research Leaders: The Interdisciplinary Research Leaders Experience. Front Public Health 2022; 10:876847. [PMID: 35646764 PMCID: PMC9136100 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.876847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Health inequities in the United States are well-documented. However, research that is focused on solutions, rather than just describing the problem, and research that is designed explicitly to inform needed policy and practice change, is still too rare. The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Interdisciplinary Research Leaders (IRL) program launched in 2016 with the goal of filling this gap: to generate community-engaged research to catalyze policy action in communities, while promoting leadership among researchers and community partners. In this paper, we describe the creation and implementation of a curriculum for IRL program participants over the first 5 years of the program. The curriculum—spanning domains of leadership, policy, communication, community engagement, and research methodologies—was designed to cultivate leaders who use research evidence in their efforts to promote change to advance health equity in their communities. The curriculum components implemented by IRL might be applied to other educational programs or fellowships to amplify and accelerate the growth of leaders nationwide who can use research and action to respond to grave and ongoing threats to community health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Gollust
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- *Correspondence: Sarah E. Gollust
| | - Kathleen T. Call
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - J. Robin Moon
- Department of Health Policy and Management, CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Zinzi Bailey
- Divisions of Medical Oncology and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Caldwell S, Sweetser P, O’Donnell N, Knight MJ, Aitchison M, Gedeon T, Johnson D, Brereton M, Gallagher M, Conroy D. An Agile New Research Framework for Hybrid Human-AI Teaming: Trust, Transparency, and Transferability. ACM T INTERACT INTEL 2022. [DOI: 10.1145/3514257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
We propose a new research framework by which the nascent discipline of human-AI teaming can be explored within experimental environments in preparation for transferal to real-world contexts. We examine the existing literature and unanswered research questions through the lens of an Agile approach to construct our proposed framework. Our framework aims to provide a structure for understanding the macro features of this research landscape, supporting holistic research into the acceptability of human-AI teaming to human team members and the affordances of AI team members. The framework has the potential to enhance decision-making and performance of hybrid human-AI teams. Further, our framework proposes the application of Agile methodology for research management and knowledge discovery. We propose a transferability pathway for hybrid teaming to be initially tested in a safe environment, such as a real-time strategy video game, with elements of lessons learned that can be transferred to real-world situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Tom Gedeon
- Australian National University, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bogenschutz M, Dinora P, Lineberry S, Prohn S, Broda M, West A. Promising Practices in the Frontiers of Quality Outcome Measurement for Intellectual and Developmental Disability Services. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3. [PMID: 35721804 PMCID: PMC9201696 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.871178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Medicaid Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS) for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) are vital for supporting people with IDD to live well in their communities, but there are not set standards for monitoring quality outcomes related to HCBS. In this paper, we propose promising practices for improving the quality of HCBS outcome measurement, based both in the literature and our own experience conducting an extensive U.S. state-level study. Specifically, we discuss: (1) using merged administrative datasets, (2) developing high-quality psychometrics that attend to ecological issues in measurement, (3) using advanced statistical analyses, and (4) creating immersive, user-friendly translational dissemination products. We conclude by suggesting what we see as important new frontiers for researchers to consider in order to enhance the quality of HCBS outcome measurement for people with IDD in the future.
Collapse
|