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Zheng X, Xia C, Liu M, Wu H, Yan J, Zhang Z, Huang Y, Gu Q, Li P. Role of folic acid in regulating gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids based on an in vitro fermentation model. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:40. [PMID: 38175236 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12825-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Folic acid deficiency is common worldwide and is linked to an imbalance in gut microbiota. However, based on model animals used to study the utilization of folic acid by gut microbes, there are challenges of reproducibility and individual differences. In this study, an in vitro fecal slurry culture model of folic acid deficiency was established to investigate the effects of supplementation with 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) and non-reduced folic acid (FA) on the modulation of gut microbiota. 16S rRNA sequencing results revealed that both FA (29.7%) and MTHF (27.9%) supplementation significantly reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes compared with control case (34.3%). MTHF supplementation significantly improved the relative abundance of Firmicutes by 4.49%. Notably, compared with the control case, FA and MTHF supplementation promoted an increase in fecal levels of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Pediococcus. Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) analysis showed that folic acid supplementation decreased acetate levels and increased fermentative production of isobutyric acid. The in vitro fecal slurry culture model developed in this study can be utilized as a model of folic acid deficiency in humans to study the gut microbiota and demonstrate that exogenous folic acid affects the composition of the gut microbiota and the level of SCFAs. KEY POINTS: • Establishment of folic acid deficiency in an in vitro culture model. • Folic acid supplementation regulates intestinal microbes and SCFAs. • Connections between microbes and SCFAs after adding folic acid are built.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaogu Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenlan Xia
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Manman Liu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongchen Wu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaqian Yan
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Huang
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Gu
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- Key Laboratory for Food Microbial Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, People's Republic of China.
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Yang C, Lan R, Zhao L, Pu J, Hu D, Yang J, Zhou H, Han L, Ye L, Jin D, Xu J, Liu L. Prevotella copri alleviates hyperglycemia and regulates gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in mice. mSystems 2024; 9:e0053224. [PMID: 38934548 PMCID: PMC11265406 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00532-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prevotella copri is the dominant species of the Prevotella genus in the gut, which is genomically heterogeneous and difficult to isolate; hence, scarce research was carried out for this species. This study aimed to investigate the effect of P. copri on hyperglycemia. Thirty-nine strains were isolated from healthy individuals, and three strains (HF2123, HF1478, and HF2130) that had the highest glucose consumption were selected to evaluate the effects of P. copri supplementation on hyperglycemia. Microbiomics and non-target metabolomics were used to uncover the underlying mechanisms. Oral administration of P. copri in diabetic db/db mice increased the expression and secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), significantly improved hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and lipid accumulation, and alleviated the pathological morphology in the pancreas, liver, and colon. P. copri changed the composition of the gut microbiota of diabetic db/db mice, which was characterized by increasing the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes and increasing the relative abundance of genera Bacteroides, Akkermansia, and Faecalibacterium. After intervention with P. copri, fecal metabolic profiling showed that fumaric acid and homocysteine contents decreased, and glutamine contents increased. Furthermore, amino acid metabolism and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways were enriched. Our findings indicate that P. copri improved glucose metabolism abnormalities in diabetic db/db mice. Especially, one of the P. copri strains, HF2130, has shown superior performance in improving hyperglycemia, which may have the potential as a probiotic against hyperglycemia. IMPORTANCE As a core member of the human intestinal ecosystem, Prevotelal copri has been associated with glucose metabolic homeostasis in previous studies. However, these results have often been derived from metagenomic studies, and the experimental studies have been based solely on the type of strain DSM 18205T. Therefore, more experimental evidence from additional isolates is needed to validate the results according to their high genomic heterogeneity. In this study, we isolated different branches of strains and demonstrated that P. copri could improve the metabolic profile of hyperglycemic mice by modulating microbial activity. This finding supports the causal contribution of P. copri in host glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruiting Lan
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Pu
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dalong Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Intractable Pathogens, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lichao Han
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Intractable Pathogens, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jianguo Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Public Health, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liyun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- Research Units of Discovery of Unknown Bacteria and Function, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Intractable Pathogens, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Mihailović M, Soković Bajić S, Arambašić Jovanović J, Brdarić E, Dinić S, Grdović N, Uskoković A, Rajić J, Đorđević M, Tolinački M, Golić N, Živković M, Vidaković M. Beneficial Effects of Probiotic Lactobacillus paraplantarum BGCG11 on Pancreatic and Duodenum Function in Diabetic Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7697. [PMID: 39062940 PMCID: PMC11277547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus, as a chronic metabolic disorder, significantly impacts the pancreas and among other organs, affects duodenal function. Emerging evidence suggests that probiotics can exert beneficial effects on gut health and metabolism. In our previous research, we evaluated the probiotic Lactobacillus paraplantarum BGCG11 primarily for its protective properties against diabetic rats' damaged liver and kidneys. In this work, we further examined the effects of probiotic strain BGCG11 on the function of the duodenum and pancreas in diabetic rats. We explored the potential mechanisms underlying the probiotic's effects, focusing on general indicators of diabetes, the architecture and morphology of pancreatic islets, duodenal integrity (measuring the transfer of fluid and serum zonulin level), and the modulation of gut microbiota composition. Our findings reveal the protective and regulatory roles of L. paraplantarum BGCG11 in mitigating diabetes-induced pancreatic and duodenal dysfunction regardless of its application time (pre- or post-treatment), highlighting its therapeutic potential in managing diabetes-related gastrointestinal complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjana Mihailović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 10060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.M.); (J.A.J.); (S.D.); (N.G.); (A.U.); (J.R.); (M.Đ.)
| | - Svetlana Soković Bajić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetics Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia (E.B.); (M.T.); (N.G.)
| | - Jelena Arambašić Jovanović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 10060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.M.); (J.A.J.); (S.D.); (N.G.); (A.U.); (J.R.); (M.Đ.)
| | - Emilija Brdarić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetics Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia (E.B.); (M.T.); (N.G.)
| | - Svetlana Dinić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 10060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.M.); (J.A.J.); (S.D.); (N.G.); (A.U.); (J.R.); (M.Đ.)
| | - Nevena Grdović
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 10060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.M.); (J.A.J.); (S.D.); (N.G.); (A.U.); (J.R.); (M.Đ.)
| | - Aleksandra Uskoković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 10060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.M.); (J.A.J.); (S.D.); (N.G.); (A.U.); (J.R.); (M.Đ.)
| | - Jovana Rajić
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 10060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.M.); (J.A.J.); (S.D.); (N.G.); (A.U.); (J.R.); (M.Đ.)
| | - Marija Đorđević
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 10060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.M.); (J.A.J.); (S.D.); (N.G.); (A.U.); (J.R.); (M.Đ.)
| | - Maja Tolinački
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetics Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia (E.B.); (M.T.); (N.G.)
| | - Nataša Golić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetics Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia (E.B.); (M.T.); (N.G.)
| | - Milica Živković
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetics Engineering, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 444a, P.O. Box 23, 11010 Belgrade, Serbia (E.B.); (M.T.); (N.G.)
| | - Melita Vidaković
- Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 10060 Belgrade, Serbia; (M.M.); (J.A.J.); (S.D.); (N.G.); (A.U.); (J.R.); (M.Đ.)
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Bock PM, Martins AF, Schaan BD. Understanding how pre- and probiotics affect the gut microbiome and metabolic health. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 327:E89-E102. [PMID: 38809510 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00054.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome, a complex assembly of microorganisms, significantly impacts human health by influencing nutrient absorption, the immune system, and disease response. These microorganisms form a dynamic ecosystem that is critical to maintaining overall well-being. Prebiotics and probiotics are pivotal in regulating gut microbiota composition. Prebiotics nourish beneficial bacteria and promote their growth, whereas probiotics help maintain balance within the microbiome. This intricate balance extends to several aspects of health, including maintaining the integrity of the gut barrier, regulating immune responses, and producing metabolites crucial for metabolic health. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in the gut microbiota, has been linked to metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Impaired gut barrier function, endotoxemia, and low-grade inflammation are associated with toll-like receptors influencing proinflammatory pathways. Short-chain fatty acids derived from microbial fermentation modulate anti-inflammatory and immune system pathways. Prebiotics positively influence gut microbiota, whereas probiotics, especially Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains, may improve metabolic outcomes, such as glycemic control in diabetes. It is important to consider strain-specific effects and study variability when interpreting these findings, highlighting the need for further research to optimize their therapeutic potential. The aim of this report is therefore to review the role of the gut microbiota in metabolic health and disease and the effects of prebiotics and probiotics on the gut microbiome and their therapeutic role, integrating a broad understanding of physiological mechanisms with a clinical perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Bock
- Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Science, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Andreza F Martins
- Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Plomp N, Harmsen HJM. Faecalibacterium wellingii sp. nov. and Faecalibacterium langellae sp. nov., description of two novel species aiding to the reclassification of Faecalibacterium species. Anaerobe 2024:102881. [PMID: 38925221 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2024.102881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The genus Faecalibacterium is one of the most important butyrate producers in the human intestinal tract and has been widely linked to health. Recently, several different species are described, but still more phylogroups have been identified, suggesting that additional species may exist. Four strains HTF-FT, HTF-128, HTF-75HT and HTF-76H, representing two different phylogenetic clusters, are evaluated in this study. METHODS Phylogenomic analysis was performed using whole-genome sequences and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Chemotaxonomic analysis was done based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Physiological and phenotypical characteristics of these strains were also determined. All characteristics of these strains were compared with other validly published species within the genus Faecalibacterium. RESULTS On a genomic level, the four strains shared an average nucleotide identity (ANI) of <95.0% and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) of <70.0 with other Faecalibacterium species, while between HTF-FT and HTF-128 the ANI-value was 97.18% and the dDDH was 76.8%. HTF-75HT and HTF-76H had an ANI and dDDH value of 100% (99.96%) and 100% (99.99%) respectively. 16S rRNA gene and chemotaxonomic analysis were in accordance with the genomic data, confirming that the four strains represent two different Faecalibacterium species. CONCLUSIONS Faecalibacterium strains HTF-FT (=DSM 117771T =NCIMB 15531T), HTF-128, HTF-75HT (=DSM 17770T =NCIMB 15530T) and HTF-76H represent two novel species. The names Faecalibacterium wellingii with HTF-FT as type strain and Faecalibacterium langellae with HTF-75HT as type strain are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Plomp
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Hermie J M Harmsen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Liu X, Qiu X, Yang Y, Wang J, Wang Q, Liu J, Huang J, Yang F, Liu Z, Qi R. Uncovering the mechanism of Clostridium butyricum CBX 2021 to improve pig health based on in vivo and in vitro studies. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1394332. [PMID: 38946904 PMCID: PMC11211278 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1394332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction As a symbiotic probiotic for the host, Clostridium butyricum (CB) has the potential to strengthen the body's immune system and improve intestinal health. However, the probiotic mechanism of CB is not completely understood. The Clostridium butyricum CBX 2021 strain isolated by our team from a health pig independently exhibits strong butyric acid production ability and stress resistance. Therefore, this study comprehensively investigated the efficacy of CBX 2021 in pigs and its mechanism of improving pig health. Methods In this study, we systematically revealed the probiotic effect and potential mechanism of the strain by using various methods such as microbiome, metabolites and transcriptome through animal experiments in vivo and cell experiments in vitro. Results Our in vivo study showed that CBX 2021 improved growth indicators such as daily weight gain in weaned piglets and also reduced diarrhea rates. Meanwhile, CBX 2021 significantly increased immunoglobulin levels in piglets, reduced contents of inflammatory factors and improved the intestinal barrier. Subsequently, 16S rRNA sequencing showed that CBX 2021 treatment implanted more butyric acid-producing bacteria (such as Faecalibacterium) in piglets and reduced the number of potentially pathogenic bacteria (like Rikenellaceae RC9_gut_group). With significant changes in the microbial community, CBX 2021 improved tryptophan metabolism and several alkaloids synthesis in piglets. Further in vitro experiments showed that CBX 2021 adhesion directly promoted the proliferation of a porcine intestinal epithelial cell line (IPEC-J2). Moreover, transcriptome analysis revealed that bacterial adhesion increased the expression of intracellular G protein-coupled receptors, inhibited the Notch signaling pathway, and led to a decrease in intracellular pro-inflammatory molecules. Discussion These results suggest that CBX 2021 may accelerate piglet growth by optimizing the intestinal microbiota, improving metabolic function and enhancing intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Qiu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Wang
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinxiu Huang
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Feiyun Yang
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuohua Liu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Renli Qi
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Chongqing, China
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Ismail HM, Liu J, Netherland M, Evans-Molina C, DiMeglio LA. Safety and effects of acetylated and butyrylated high amylose maize starch in recently diagnosed youths with type 1 diabetes; a Pilot Study. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.17.24307489. [PMID: 38798462 PMCID: PMC11118639 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.17.24307489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Acetylated and butyrylated high amylose starch (HAMS-AB) is a prebiotic shown to be effective in type 1 diabetes (T1D) prevention in mouse models and is safe in adults with established T1D. HAMS-AB alters the gut microbiome profile with increased bacterial fermenters that produce short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) with anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects. We performed a pilot study using a cross-over design to assess the safety and efficacy of 4 weeks of oral HAMS-AB consumption by recently diagnosed (< 2 years of diagnosis) youths with T1D. Seven individuals completed the study. The mean±SD age was 15.0±1.2 years, diabetes duration 19.5±6.3 months, 5/7 were female and 4/7 were White, all with a BMI of < 85th%. The prebiotic was safe. Following prebiotic intake, gut microbiome changes were seen, including a notable increase in the relative abundance of fermenters such as Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium. Treatment was also associated with changes in bacterial functional pathways associated with either improved energy metabolism (upregulation of tyrosine metabolism) or anti-inflammatory effects (reduced geraniol degradation). There were no differences in stool SCFA levels. Plasma metabolites associated with improved glycemia, such as hippurate, were significantly increased after treatment and there were positive and significant changes in the immune regulatory function of mucosal associated invariant T cells. There was a significant decrease in the area under the curve glucose but not C-peptide, as measured during a mixed meal tolerance testing, following the prebiotic consumption. In summary, the prebiotic HAMS-AB was safe in adolescents with T1D and showed promising effects on the gut microbiome composition, function and immune regulatory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Ismail
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jianyun Liu
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Linda A DiMeglio
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Li F, Chen X, Xu X, Wang L, Yan J, Yu Y, Shan X, Zhang R, Xing H, Zhang T, Pan S. Alterations of intestinal mucosal barrier, cecal microbiota diversity, composition, and metabolites of yellow-feathered broilers under chronic corticosterone-induced stress: a possible mechanism underlying the anti-growth performance and glycolipid metabolism disorder. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0347323. [PMID: 38497712 PMCID: PMC11064513 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03473-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore alterations in growth performance, glycolipid metabolism disorders, intestinal mucosal barrier, cecal microbiota community, and metabolites in a chronic corticosterone (CORT)-induced stress (CCIS) broiler model. Results showed that compared with control (CON) broilers, in CCIS broilers: (i) the final body weight (BW), BW gain, and average daily gain were significantly reduced. (ii) The glycolipid metabolism disorder and impairement of intestinal immune barrier and physical barrier function were observed. (iii) Diversity and richness of cecal microbiota were obviously increased. From phylum to genus level, the abundances of Firmicutes and Faecalibacterium were significantly decreased, while the abundances of Proteobacteria, RuminococcaceaeUCG-005, and Escherichia coli (Shigella) were significantly increased. Microbial network analysis and function pathways prediction showed that cecal microbiota was mainly concentrated in translation, metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, and endocrine system. (iv) The main differential metabolites identified include steroids and their derivatives, amino acids, fatty acids, and carbohydrates; among which 37 metabolites were significantly upregulated, while 27 metabolites were significantly downregulated. These differential metabolites were mainly enriched in pathways related to steroid hormone biosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism. (v) Correlation between cecal microbiota and glycolipid metabolism indexes showed that BW and total cholesterol (TC) were positively correlated with Christensenellaceae_R.7_group and Escherichia_Shigella, respectively. Furthermore, the downregulated Faecalibacterium and Christensenellaceae were negatively correlated with the upregulated differentially expressed metabolites. These findings suggested that CCIS altered cecal microbiota composition and metabolites, which led to glycolipid metabolism disorder and impaired the nutritional metabolism and immune homeostasis, providing a theoretical basis for efforts to eliminate the harm of chronic stress to human health and animal production. IMPORTANCE The study aimed to determine the influence of altered intestinal mucosal barrier, cecum flora community, and metabolites on anti-growth performance, glycolipid metabolism disorders of chronic corticosterone (CORT)-induced stress (CCIS) broilers. Compared with control (CON) broilers, in CCIS broilers: (i) anti-growth performance, glycolipid metabolism disorder, and impaired intestinal immune barrier and physical barrier function were observed. (ii) From phylum to genus level, the abundances of Firmicutes and Faecalibacterium were decreased; whereas, the abundances of Proteobacteria, RuminococcaceaeUCG-005, and Escherichia coli (Shigella) were increased. (iii) Differential metabolites in cecum were mainly enriched in steroid hormone biosynthesis and tyrosine metabolism. (iv) Body weight (BW) and total cholesterol (TC) were positively correlated with Christensenellaceae_R.7_group and Escherichia_Shigella, respectively, while downregulated Faecalibacterium and Christensenellaceae were negatively correlated with upregulated metabolites. Our findings suggest that CCIS induces anti-growth performance and glycolipid metabolism disorder by altering cecum flora and metabolites, providing a theoretical basis for efforts to eliminate the effect of chronic stress on human health and animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyu Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingyu Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yichen Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuemei Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hua Xing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tangjie Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shifeng Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Animal Science, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
- Guangling College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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9
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Eickhardt-Dalbøge CS, Nielsen HV, Fuursted K, Stensvold CR, Andersen LOB, Lilje B, Larsen MK, Kjær L, Christensen SF, Knudsen TA, Skov V, Sørensen AL, Ellervik C, Olsen LR, Christensen JJE, Nielsen XC, Hasselbalch HC, Ingham AC. JAK2V617F drives gut microbiota differences in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Eur J Haematol 2024; 112:776-787. [PMID: 38226781 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential thrombocythemia (ET), polycythemia vera (PV), and primary myelofibrosis (MF) are myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Inflammation is involved in the initiation, progression, and symptomology of the diseases. The gut microbiota impacts the immune system, infection control, and steady-state hematopoiesis. METHODS We analyzed the gut microbiota of 227 MPN patients and healthy controls (HCs) using next-generation sequencing. We expanded our previous results in PV and ET patients with additional PV, pre-MF, and MF patients which allowed us to compare MPN patients collectively, MPN sub-diagnoses, and MPN mutations (separately and combined) vs. HCs (N = 42) and compare within MPN sub-diagnoses and MPN mutation. RESULTS MPN patients had a higher observed richness (median, 245 [range, 49-659]) compared with HCs (191.5 [range, 111-300; p = .003]) and a lower relative abundance of taxa within the Firmicutes phylum; for example, Faecalibacterium (6% vs. 14%, p < .001). The microbiota of CALR-positive patients (N = 30) resembled that of HCs more than that of patients with JAK2V617F (N = 177). In JAK2V617F-positive patients, only minor differences in the gut microbiota were observed between MPN sub-diagnoses, illustrating the importance of this mutation. CONCLUSION The gut microbiota in MPN patients differs from HCs and is driven by JAK2V617F, whereas the gut microbiota in CALR patients resembles HCs more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schjellerup Eickhardt-Dalbøge
- The Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik V Nielsen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kurt Fuursted
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lee O' Brien Andersen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Berit Lilje
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Kranker Larsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kjær
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Trine Alma Knudsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Christina Ellervik
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Data and Data Support, Region Zealand, Sorø, Denmark
| | - Lars Rønn Olsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Jørgen Elmer Christensen
- The Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiaohui Chen Nielsen
- The Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital of Region Zealand, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Cäcilia Ingham
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
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10
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Dziedzic A, Maciak K, Bliźniewska-Kowalska K, Gałecka M, Kobierecka W, Saluk J. The Power of Psychobiotics in Depression: A Modern Approach through the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis: A Literature Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1054. [PMID: 38613087 PMCID: PMC11013390 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis is a complex communication network linking the gut, microbiota, and brain, influencing various aspects of health and disease. Dysbiosis, a disturbance in the gut microbiome equilibrium, can significantly impact the MGB axis, leading to alterations in microbial composition and function. Emerging evidence highlights the connection between microbiota alterations and neurological and psychiatric disorders, including depression. This review explores the potential of psychobiotics in managing depressive disorders, emphasizing their role in restoring microbial balance and influencing the MGB axis. Psychobiotics exhibit positive effects on the intestinal barrier, immune response, cortisol levels, and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Studies suggest that probiotics may serve as an adjunct therapy for depression, especially in treatment-resistant cases. This review discusses key findings from studies on psychobiotics interventions, emphasizing their impact on the gut-brain axis and mental health. The increasing acceptance of the expanded concept of the MGB axis underscores the importance of microorganisms in mental well-being. As our understanding of the microbiome's role in health and disease grows, probiotics emerge as promising agents for addressing mental health issues, providing new avenues for therapeutic interventions in depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Dziedzic
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biochemistry, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (W.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Karina Maciak
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biochemistry, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (W.K.); (J.S.)
| | | | - Małgorzata Gałecka
- Department of Psychotherapy, Medical University of Lodz, Aleksandrowska 159, 91-229 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Weronika Kobierecka
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biochemistry, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (W.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Joanna Saluk
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of General Biochemistry, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (K.M.); (W.K.); (J.S.)
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11
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Shen W, Chen Q, Lin R, Hu Z, Luo M, Ren Y, Huang K, Wang L, Chen S, Wang L, Ruan Y, Feng L. Imbalance of gut microbiota in gestational diabetes. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2024; 24:226. [PMID: 38561737 PMCID: PMC10983739 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-024-06423-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the differences in gut microbiota composition among nonpregnant women of reproductive age, healthy pregnant women, and gestational diabetes (GD) patients. METHODS A total of 45 outpatients were enrolled and divided into three groups: nonpregnant women of reproductive age (control group, n = 23), healthy pregnant women (normal group, n = 10), and GD patients (GD group, n = 12). Faecal samples were collected and sequenced using 16S rRNA gene sequencing to analyse the microbial composition. RESULTS (1) Pregnant patients exhibited an increase in the abundance of Streptococcus (Pnormal = 0.01286, PGD = 0.002965) and Blautia (Pnormal = 0.0003924, PGD = 0.000246) but a decrease in the abundance of Roseburia (Pnormal = 0.0361, PGD = 0.007075), Phascolarctobacterium (Pnormal = 0.0003906, PGD = 0.02499) and Lachnoclostridium (Pnormal = 0.0003906, PGD = 0.03866). (2) Compared with healthy pregnant women, GD patients had an excessive increase in Streptococcus abundance and decrease in Roseburia abundance. The increase in Blautia abundance and the decrease in Phascolarctobacterium and Lachnoclostridium abundance in GD patients were less than those in healthy pregnant women. (3) The abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii decreased significantly in GD patients (PGD = 0.02985) but not in healthy pregnant patients (Pnormal = 0.1643). CONCLUSIONS Abnormal increases and decreases in the abundances of gut microbiota components, especially Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, were observed in GD patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION The cross-sectional research was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Clinical Trials and Biomedical Ethics Committee. The study has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR1900026164, 24/09/2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=43,455 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Shen
- Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qianyi Chen
- Department of Nutriology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Renbin Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhefang Hu
- Department of Nutriology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Man Luo
- Department of Nutriology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanwei Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Keren Huang
- Department of Nutriology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Nutriology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shujie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
- Prevention and Treatment Research Center of Senescent Disease, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Ruan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lijun Feng
- Department of Nutriology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang Province, China.
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12
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Balint D, Brito IL. Human-gut bacterial protein-protein interactions: understudied but impactful to human health. Trends Microbiol 2024; 32:325-332. [PMID: 37805334 PMCID: PMC10990813 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The human gut microbiome is associated with a wide range of diseases; yet, the mechanisms these microbes use to influence human health are not fully understood. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) are increasingly identified as a potential mechanism by which gut microbiota influence their human hosts. Similar to some PPIs observed in pathogens, many disease-relevant human-gut bacterial PPIs function by interacting with components of the immune system or the gut barrier. Here, we highlight recent advances in these two areas. It is our opinion that there is a vastly unexplored network of human-gut bacterial PPIs that contribute to the prevention or pathogenesis of various diseases and that future research is warranted to expand PPI discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Balint
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ilana L Brito
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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13
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Pan Y, Bu T, Deng X, Jia J, Yuan G. Gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a focus on the gut-brain axis. Endocrine 2024; 84:1-15. [PMID: 38227168 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03640-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become one of the most serious public healthcare challenges, contributing to increased mortality and disability. In the past decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of T2DM. Mounting evidence suggested that gut microbiota (GM) plays a significant role in the development of T2DM. Communication between the GM and the brain is a complex bidirectional connection, known as the "gut-brain axis," via the nervous, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. Gut-brain axis has an essential impact on various physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, food intake, gut motility, etc. In this review, we provide an outline of the gut-brain axis. We also highlight how the dysbiosis of the gut-brain axis affects glucose homeostasis and even results in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Pan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tong Bu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xia Deng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jue Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guoyue Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Chollet L, Heumel S, Deruyter L, Bouilloux F, Delval L, Robert V, Gevaert MH, Pichavant M, Sencio V, Robil C, Wolowczuk I, Sokol H, Auger S, Douablin A, Langella P, Chatel JM, Grangette C, Trottein F. Faecalibacterium duncaniae as a novel next generation probiotic against influenza. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347676. [PMID: 38590519 PMCID: PMC11000806 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut-lung axis is critical during viral respiratory infections such as influenza. Gut dysbiosis during infection translates into a massive drop of microbially produced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Among them, butyrate is important during influenza suggesting that microbiome-based therapeutics targeting butyrate might hold promises. The butyrate-producing bacterium Faecalibacterium duncaniae (formerly referred to as F. prausnitzii) is an emerging probiotic with several health-promoting characteristics. To investigate the potential effects of F. duncaniae on influenza outcomes, mice were gavaged with live F. duncaniae (A2-165 or I-4574 strains) five days before infection. Supplementation of F. duncaniae was associated with less severe disease, a lower pulmonary viral load, and lower levels of lung inflammation. F. duncaniae supplementation impacted on gut dysbiosis induced by infection, as assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Interestingly, F. duncaniae administration was associated with a recovery in levels of SCFAs (including butyrate) in infected animals. The live form of F. duncaniae was more potent that the pasteurized form in improving influenza outcomes. Lastly, F. duncaniae partially protected against secondary (systemic) bacterial infection. We conclude that F. duncaniae might serve as a novel next generation probiotic against acute viral respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Chollet
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Séverine Heumel
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Lucie Deruyter
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | | | - Lou Delval
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Véronique Robert
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1319 (UMR1319) Micalis, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche Pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Gevaert
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Univ. Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, US 41-UAR 2014-PLBS, Lille, France
| | - Muriel Pichavant
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Valentin Sencio
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Cyril Robil
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Isabelle Wolowczuk
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Harry Sokol
- Sorbonne Université, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Centre de Recherche scientifique Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Assistance Public – Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Saint-Antoine Hospital, Gastroenterology Department, Paris, France
- Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine (PaCeMM) Fédérations Hospitalo-Universitaires (FHU), Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Auger
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1319 (UMR1319) Micalis, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche Pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Philippe Langella
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1319 (UMR1319) Micalis, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche Pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1319 (UMR1319) Micalis, Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de Recherche Pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), AgroParisTech, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Corinne Grangette
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
| | - François Trottein
- Univ. Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 9017 - CIIL – Centre d′Infection et d′Immunité de Lille, Lille, France
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Huang M, Liu Y, Duan R, Yin J, Cao S. Effects of continuous and pulse lead exposure on the swimming behavior of tadpoles revealed by brain-gut axis analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133267. [PMID: 38150764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is present in aquatic environments with a continuous or pulse form due to the regular or irregular discharge of wastewater. These two modes of exposure result in different toxicological effects on aquatic animals. To compare the effects of Pb exposure mode on the swimming behavior of amphibian larvae, this study proposed a combination method to examine the brain-gut axis (gut bacteria, histopathology, metabolomics, and ethology) in order to evaluate the ecotoxic differences in Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles (Gs 21-28) when exposed to continuous (CE100) versus pulse exposure (PE100) of environmental concentrations of Pb (100 μg/L). The results showed that: 1) CE100 significantly decreased the movement distance and swimming activity of the tadpoles compared to PE100 and the control, while there were no significant differences between the control group and PE100. 2) At the phyla level, compared to PE100, CE100 treatment significantly decreased the abundance of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes and increased the abundance of Fusobacteria in the gut. At the genus level, compared to PE100, CE100 significantly increased the abundance of U114 and decreased the abundance of Anaerorhabdus, Exiguobacterium and Microbacterium. 3) Compared to PE100, CE100 changed the metabolites of the brain-gut axis pathway, such as quinolinic acid, L-valine, L-dopa, L-histidine, urocanic acid, L-threonine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), L-glutamate (Glu), acetylcholine (Ach), L-tyrosine (Tyr), L-tryptophan (Trp), and levodopa (DOPA). 4) CE100 and PE100 played a repressive role in the histidine metabolism and tyrosine metabolism pathways and played a promoting role in the purine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism pathways. This study provides a method for evaluating the toxic effects of heavy metal exposure via two different exposure modes (pulse versus continuous) which tadpoles may encounter in the natural environment from a combined study examining the brain-gut axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Huang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resource Development, Utilisation and Quality and Safety Control of Hunan Characteristics in Hunan Universities, Loudi 417000, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Renyan Duan
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resource Development, Utilisation and Quality and Safety Control of Hunan Characteristics in Hunan Universities, Loudi 417000, China.
| | - Jiawei Yin
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
| | - Songle Cao
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, Hunan, China
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Long Q, Luo F, Li B, Li Z, Guo Z, Chen Z, Wu W, Hu M. Gut microbiota and metabolic biomarkers in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0310. [PMID: 38407327 PMCID: PMC10898672 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a replacement of the nomenclature employed for NAFLD, is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. Despite its high global prevalence, NAFLD is often under-recognized due to the absence of reliable noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis and staging. Growing evidence suggests that the gut microbiome plays a significant role in the occurrence and progression of NAFLD by causing immune dysregulation and metabolic alterations due to gut dysbiosis. The rapid advancement of sequencing tools and metabolomics has enabled the identification of alterations in microbiome signatures and gut microbiota-derived metabolite profiles in numerous clinical studies related to NAFLD. Overall, these studies have shown a decrease in α-diversity and changes in gut microbiota abundance, characterized by increased levels of Escherichia and Prevotella, and decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium in patients with NAFLD. Furthermore, bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine N-oxide, and tryptophan metabolites are believed to be closely associated with the onset and progression of NAFLD. In this review, we provide novel insights into the vital role of gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Specifically, we summarize the major classes of gut microbiota and metabolic biomarkers in NAFLD, thereby highlighting the links between specific bacterial species and certain gut microbiota-derived metabolites in patients with NAFLD.
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17
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Gao Z, Zhang W, He L, Wang H, Li Y, Jiang X, D I S, Wang X, Zhang X, Han L, Liu Y, Gu C, Wu M, He X, Cheng L, Wang J, Tong X, Zhao L. Double-blinded, randomized clinical trial of Gegen Qinlian decoction pinpoints Faecalibacterium as key gut bacteria in alleviating hyperglycemia. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2024; 7:pbae003. [PMID: 38495337 PMCID: PMC10941319 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggests that metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), can be treated with traditional Chinese medicine formulas, such as the Gegen Qinlian decoction (GQD). This study elucidates the mechanisms by which gut microbes mediate the anti-diabetic effects of GQD. Methods We conducted a double-blind randomized clinical trial involving 120 untreated participants with T2DM. During the 12-week intervention, anthropometric measurements and diabetic traits were recorded every 4 weeks. Fecal microbiota and serum metabolites were measured before and after the intervention using 16S rDNA sequencing, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and Bio-Plex panels. Results Anti-diabetic effects were observed in the GQD group in the human trial. Specifically, glycated hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and two-hour postprandial blood glucose levels were significantly lower in the GQD group than in the placebo group. Additionally, Faecalibacterium was significantly enriched in the GQD group, and the short-chain fatty acid levels were higher and the serum inflammation-associated marker levels were lower in the GQD group compared to the placebo group. Moreover, Faecalibacterium abundance negatively correlated with the levels of serum hemoglobin, fasting plasma glucose, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, the diabetes-alleviating effect of Faecalibacterium was confirmed by oral administration of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (DSMZ 17677) in T2DM mouse model. Conclusions GQD improved type 2 diabetes primarily by modulating the abundance of Faecalibacterium in the gut microbiota, alleviating metabolic disorders and the inflammatory state. Trial registration Registry No. ChiCTR-IOR-15006626.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezheng Gao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lisha He
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiaotian Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Sha D I
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Biologicals Science and Technology Institute, Baotou Teacher's College, Baotou 014030, China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yanwen Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhengzhou T.C.M. Hospital, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Chengjuan Gu
- Shenzhen Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Futian), Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Mengyi Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xinhui He
- Department of Cardiology, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650000, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
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Yuan L, Zhao J, Liu Y, Zhao J, Olnood CG, Xu YJ, Liu Y. Multiomics analysis revealed the mechanism of the anti-diabetic effect of Salecan. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121694. [PMID: 38171651 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Salecan, a natural β-glucan compromising nine residues connected by β-(1 → 3)/α-(1 → 3) glycosidic bonds, is one of the newly approved food ingredients. Salecan has multiple health-improving effects, yet its mechanism against Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains poorly understood. In this study, the hypoglycemic effect and underlying mechanism of Salecan intervention on STZ-induced diabetic model mice were investigated. After 8 weeks of gavage, Salecan attenuated insulin resistance and repaired pancreatic β cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Salecan supplement remodel the structure of the gut microbiota and altered the level of intestinal metabolites. Serum metabolites, especially unsaturated fatty acids, were also affected significantly. In addition, tight junction proteins in the colon and autophagy-related proteins in the pancreas were upregulated. Multiomics analysis indicated that Lactobacillus johnsonii, Muribaculaceae, and Lachnoclostridium were highly associated with fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) levels in the colon, accordingly enhancing arachidonic acid and linoleic acid in serum, and promoting GLP-1 release in the intestine and insulin secretion in the pancreas, thus relieving insulin resistance and exhibiting hypoglycemic effects. These findings provide a novel understanding of the anti-diabetic effect of Salecan in mice from a molecular perspective, paving the way for the wide use of Salecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd, 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jialiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Guang Olnood
- Sichuan Synlight Biotech Ltd, 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang Z, Huang J, Li C, Zhao Z, Cui Y, Yuan X, Wang X, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Zhu Z. The gut microbiota contributes to the infection of bovine viral diarrhea virus in mice. J Virol 2024; 98:e0203523. [PMID: 38299844 PMCID: PMC10878277 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02035-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is prevalent worldwide and causes significant economic losses. Gut microbiota is a large microbial community and has a variety of biological functions. However, whether there is a correlation between gut microbiota and BVDV infection and what kind of relation between them have not been reported. Here, we found that gut microbiota composition changed in normal mice after infecting with BVDV, but mainly the low abundance microbe was affected. Interestingly, BVDV infection significantly reduced the diversity of gut microbiota and changed its composition in gut microbiota-dysbiosis mice. Furthermore, compared with normal mice of BVDV infection, there were more viral loads in the duodenum, jejunum, spleen, and liver of the gut microbiota-dysbiosis mice. However, feces microbiota transplantation (FMT) reversed these effects. The data above indicated that the dysbiosis of gut microbiota was a key factor in the high infection rate of BVDV. It is found that the IFN-I signal was involved by investigating the underlying mechanisms. The inhibition of the proliferation and increase in the apoptosis of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were also observed. However, FMT treatment reversed these changes by regulating PI3K/Akt, ERK, and Caspase-9/Caspase-3 pathways. Furthermore, the involvement of butyrate in the pathogenesis of BVDV was also further confirmed. Our results showed for the first time that gut microbiota acts as a key endogenous defense mechanism against BVDV infection; moreover, targeting regulation of gut microbiota structure and abundance may serve as a new strategy to prevent and control the disease.IMPORTANCEWhether the high infection rate of BVDV is related to gut microbiota has not been reported. In addition, most studies on BVDV focus on in vitro experiments, which limits the study of its prevention and control strategy and its pathogenic mechanism. In this study, we successfully confirmed the causal relationship between gut microbiota and BVDV infection as well as the potential molecular mechanism based on a mouse model of BVDV infection and a mouse model of gut microbiota dysbiosis. Meanwhile, a mouse model which is more susceptible to BVDV provided in this study lays an important foundation for further research on prevention and control strategy of BVDV and its pathogenesis. In addition, the antiviral effect of butyrate, the metabolites of butyrate-producing bacteria, has been further revealed. Overall, our findings provide a promising prevention and control strategy to treat this infectious disease which is distributed worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zecai Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, China
- Heilongjiang Province Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for The Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology, Daqing, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Sinan County, Sinan County, Guizhou, China
- Animal Health Supervision Institute of Sinan County, Sinan County, Guizhou, China
| | - Chuang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Yueqi Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Xueying Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Xue Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing, China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, China
- Heilongjiang Province Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for The Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology, Daqing, China
| | - Yulong Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, China
- Heilongjiang Province Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for The Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology, Daqing, China
| | - Zhanbo Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Bovine Disease Control in Northeast China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural affairs, Daqing, China
- Engineering Research Center for Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases, Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, China
- Heilongjiang Province Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for The Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology, Daqing, China
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Tian Y, Fu M, Su J, Yan M, Yu J, Wang C, Niu Z, Du Y, Hu X, Zheng J, Tao B, Gao Z, Chen J, Chen S, Lv G. Gut microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal barrier impairment in diarrhea caused by cold drink and high-fat diet. Toxicology 2024; 502:153728. [PMID: 38216112 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Cold drink and high-fat diet (CDHFD) are common diet patterns. However, the potential risks remain unclear. We investigated the effects of CDHFD in adult mice and explored the mechanisms of action. Twenty adult male mice were randomly divided into control and model groups, and the control group was fed a normal diet, whereas the model group was fed CDHFD for 28 days. We found that mice in the model group developed diarrhea symptoms accompanied by fatigue and weakness. Analysis of the intestinal flora revealed that the model group had a lower diversity and richness of microorganism species in the gut than the control group. Furthermore, the characteristic analysis indicated that CDHFD downregulated specific bacteria, such as norank_f_Muribaculaceae, Muribaculum, and Odoribacter, which are known to be associated with the systemic inflammatory response and mucosal barrier function. Blood tests showed that immune cells and inflammatory cytokines were significantly elevated in the model group, along with increased LPS induced by CDHFD. Pathological investigations demonstrated that CDHFD damages the intestinal mucosa while affecting the expression of tight junction proteins, including ZO-1, Claudin-1, Claudin-2, and Occludin, which may be attributed to the activation of the TRAF6/IκB/p65 signaling pathway. In conclusion, impaired gut microbial and mechanical barrier function is responsible for CDHFD-induced diarrhea. In this study, we constructed a model of diet-induced diarrhea by simulating human dietary patterns, evaluated the long-term effects of CDHFD on human intestinal barriers and immune systems, and revealed its mechanism of action based on chronic inflammation. This study validated the model's fit to provide an effective screening model for drug or functional food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Su
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiqiu Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenxing Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhuangwei Niu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhong Du
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueling Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Zheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bai Tao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zengguang Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianzhen Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Suhong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM for Innovative R & D and Digital Intelligent Manufacturing of TCM Great Health Products, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Guiyuan Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Yang HT, Jiang ZH, Yang Y, Wu TT, Zheng YY, Ma YT, Xie X. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii as a potential Antiatherosclerotic microbe. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:54. [PMID: 38243314 PMCID: PMC10797727 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in coronary artery disease (CAD) development, but limited attention has been given to the role of the microbiota in preventing this disease. This study aimed to identify key biomarkers using metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics and verify their associations with atherosclerosis. METHODS A total of 371 participants, including individuals with various CAD types and CAD-free controls, were enrolled. Subsequently, significant markers were identified in the stool samples through gut metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the association between these markers and atherosclerosis. RESULTS Faecal omics sequencing revealed that individuals with a substantial presence of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii had the lowest incidence of CAD across diverse CAD groups and control subjects. A random forest model confirmed the significant relationship between F. prausnitzii and CAD incidence. Notably, F. prausnitzii emerged as a robust, independent CAD predictor. Furthermore, our findings indicated the potential of the gut microbiota and gut metabolites to predict CAD occurrence and progression, potentially impacting amino acid and vitamin metabolism. F. prausnitzii mitigated inflammation and exhibited an antiatherosclerotic effect on ApoE-/- mice after gavage. This effect was attributed to reduced intestinal LPS synthesis and reinforced mechanical and mucosal barriers, leading to decreased plasma LPS levels and an antiatherosclerotic outcome. CONCLUSIONS Sequencing of the samples revealed a previously unknown link between specific gut microbiota and atherosclerosis. Treatment with F. prausnitzii may help prevent CAD by inhibiting atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Xiang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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Sasaki T, Kawamura M, Okuno C, Lau K, Riel J, Lee MJ, Miller C. Impact of Maternal Mediterranean-Type Diet Adherence on Microbiota Composition and Epigenetic Programming of Offspring. Nutrients 2023; 16:47. [PMID: 38201877 PMCID: PMC10780434 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding how maternal diet affects in utero neonatal gut microbiota and epigenetic regulation may provide insight into disease origins and long-term health. The impact of Mediterranean diet pattern adherence (MDA) on fetal gut microbiome and epigenetic regulation was assessed in 33 pregnant women. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire in each trimester of pregnancy; the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED) score was applied. Umbilical cord blood, placental tissue, and neonatal meconium were collected from offspring. DNA methylation patterns were probed using the Illumnia EPICarray Methylation Chip in parturients with high versus low MDA. Meconium microbial abundance in the first 24 h after birth was identified using 16s rRNA sequencing and compared among neonates born to mothers with high and low aMED scores. Twenty-one mothers were classified as low MDA and 12 as high MDA. Pasteurellaceae and Bacteroidaceae trended towards greater abundance in the high-MDA group, as well as other short-chain fatty acid-producing species. Several differentially methylated regions varied between groups and overlapped gene regions including NCK2, SNED1, MTERF4, TNXB, HLA-DPB, BAG6, and LMO3. We identified a beneficial effect of adherence to a Mediterranean diet on fetal in utero development. This highlights the importance of dietary counseling for mothers and can be used as a guide for future studies of meconium and immuno-epigenetic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamlyn Sasaki
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Megan Kawamura
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Chirstyn Okuno
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Kayleen Lau
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Jonathan Riel
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA
| | - Men-Jean Lee
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA
| | - Corrie Miller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA
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Wu R, Xiong R, Li Y, Chen J, Yan R. Gut microbiome, metabolome, host immunity associated with inflammatory bowel disease and intervention of fecal microbiota transplantation. J Autoimmun 2023; 141:103062. [PMID: 37246133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis has been associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases. The microbial communities play essential roles in host physiology, with profound effects on immune homeostasis, directly or via their metabolites and/or components. There are increasing clinical trials applying fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The restoration of dysbiotic gut microbiome is considered as one of the mechanisms of FMT therapy. In this work, latest advances in the alterations in gut microbiome and metabolome features in IBD patients and experimental mechanistic understanding on their contribution to the immune dysfunction were reviewed. Then, the therapeutic outcomes of FMT on IBD were summarized based on clinical remission, endoscopic remission and histological remission of 27 clinical trials retrieved from PubMed which have been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the results been published in the past 10 years. Although FMT is established as an effective therapy for both subtypes of IBD, the promising outcomes are not always achieved. Among the 27 studies, only 11 studies performed gut microbiome profiling, 5 reported immune response alterations and 3 carried out metabolome analysis. Generally, FMT partially restored typical changes in IBD, resulted in increased α-diversity and species richness in responders and similar but less pronounced shifts of patient microbial and metabolomics profiles toward donor profiles. Measurements of immune responses to FMT mainly focused on T cells and revealed divergent effects on pro-/anti-inflammatory functions. The very limited information and the extremely confounding factors in the designs of the FMT trials significantly hindered a reasonable conclusion on the mechanistic involvement of gut microbiota and metabolites in clinical outcomes and an analysis of the inconsistencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Rui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Junru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
| | - Ru Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China.
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24
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Ye L, Wang Y, Xiao F, Wang X, Li X, Cao R, Zhang J, Zhang T. F. prausnitzii-derived extracellular vesicles attenuate experimental colitis by regulating intestinal homeostasis in mice. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:235. [PMID: 37968625 PMCID: PMC10648384 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence has shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from gut bacteria play a crucial role in microbiota-host interactions. Here, we aimed to evaluate the attenuating effect of EVs derived from a reduced commensal bacterium, F. prausnitzii (Fp-EVs), in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. RESULTS Fp-EVs isolated by ultracentrifugation and typically exhibited a double concave disc shape with an average diameter of 172 nm. Fp-EVs treatment reduced DSS-induced weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) score, colon length shortening, histological damage, neutrophil infiltration and increased intestinal epithelial apoptotic cells in DSS-induced colitis mice. Fp-EVs upregulated the protein expression of zona occludens (ZO)-1 and Occludin and increased the ratio of Tregs in the colon tissue of colitis mice. Furthermore, Fp-EVs downregulated the expression of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6, IL-12a, IL-17a, Interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor - α (TNF-α), granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) in DSS-treated mice. Moreover, Fp-EV treatment markedly reduced the phosphorylation of these proteins Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and Mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), and regulated the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that Fp-EVs attenuated DSS-induced colitis by modulating the intestinal mucosal barrier function and immunological profile. Our findings reveal that Fp-EVs attenuate DSS-induced colitis by modulating intestinal mucosal barrier function and the immunological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yizhong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Research Center, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Fangfei Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xufei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Research Center, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jiayue Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Nursing, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
- Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Research Center, Institute of Pediatric Infection, Immunity and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 355 Luding Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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25
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Sun Y, Zhang S, Nie Q, He H, Tan H, Geng F, Ji H, Hu J, Nie S. Gut firmicutes: Relationship with dietary fiber and role in host homeostasis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:12073-12088. [PMID: 35822206 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2098249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes are the predominant bacterial phyla colonizing the healthy human gut. Accumulating evidence suggests that dietary fiber plays a crucial role in host health, yet most studies have focused on how the dietary fiber affects health through gut Bacteroides. More recently, gut Firmicutes have been found to possess many genes responsible for fermenting dietary fiber, and could also interact with the intestinal mucosa and thereby contribute to homeostasis. Consequently, the relationship between dietary fiber and Firmicutes is of interest, as well as the role of Firmicutes in host health. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanism of dietary fiber degradation by gut Firmicutes and explain the communication pathway of the dietary fiber-Firmicutes-host axis, and the beneficial effects of dietary fiber-induced Firmicutes and their metabolites on health. A better understanding of the dialogue sustained by the dietary fiber-Firmicutes axis and the host could provide new insights into probiotic therapy and novel dietary interventions aimed at increasing the abundance of Firmicutes (such as Faecalibacterium, Lactobacillus, and Roseburia) to promote health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qixing Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huijun He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huizi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haihua Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Key laboratory of Bioactive Polysaccharides of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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26
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McCuaig B, Goto Y. Immunostimulating Commensal Bacteria and Their Potential Use as Therapeutics. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15644. [PMID: 37958628 PMCID: PMC10647581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome is intimately intertwined with the host immune system, having effects on the systemic immune system. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome has been linked not only to gastrointestinal disorders but also conditions of the skin, lungs, and brain. Commensal bacteria can affect the immune status of the host through a stimulation of the innate immune system, training of the adaptive immune system, and competitive exclusion of pathogens. Commensal bacteria improve immune response through the production of immunomodulating compounds such as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs), short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and secondary bile acids. The microbiome, especially when in dysbiosis, is plastic and can be manipulated through the introduction of beneficial bacteria or the adjustment of nutrients to stimulate the expansion of beneficial taxa. The complex nature of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) ecosystem complicates the use of these methods, as similar treatments have various results in individuals with different residential microbiomes and differential health statuses. A more complete understanding of the interaction between commensal species, host genetics, and the host immune system is needed for effective microbiome interventions to be developed and implemented in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonita McCuaig
- Project for Host-Microbial Interactions in Symbiosis and Pathogenesis, Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Goto
- Project for Host-Microbial Interactions in Symbiosis and Pathogenesis, Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
- Division of Pandemic and Post-Disaster Infectious Diseases, Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
- Division of Infectious Disease Vaccine R&D, Research Institute of Disaster Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
- Chiba University Synergy Institute for Futuristic Mucosal Vaccine Research and Development (cSIMVa), Chiba University, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
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27
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Fu Y, Li S, Xiao Y, Liu G, Fang J. A Metabolite Perspective on the Involvement of the Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14991. [PMID: 37834439 PMCID: PMC10573635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a commonly diagnosed condition that has been extensively studied. The composition and activity of gut microbes, as well as the metabolites they produce (such as short-chain fatty acids, lipopolysaccharides, trimethylamine N-oxide, and bile acids) can significantly impact diabetes development. Treatment options, including medication, can enhance the gut microbiome and its metabolites, and even reverse intestinal epithelial dysfunction. Both animal and human studies have demonstrated the role of microbiota metabolites in influencing diabetes, as well as their complex chemical interactions with signaling molecules. This article focuses on the importance of microbiota metabolites in type 2 diabetes and provides an overview of various pharmacological and dietary components that can serve as therapeutic tools for reducing the risk of developing diabetes. A deeper understanding of the link between gut microbial metabolites and T2D will enhance our knowledge of the disease and may offer new treatment approaches. Although many animal studies have investigated the palliative and attenuating effects of gut microbial metabolites on T2D, few have established a complete cure. Therefore, conducting more systematic studies in the future is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gang Liu
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.F.); (S.L.); (Y.X.)
| | - Jun Fang
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; (Y.F.); (S.L.); (Y.X.)
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28
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Lv W, Sha Y, Liu X, He Y, Hu J, Wang J, Li S, Guo X, Shao P, Zhao F, Li M. Interaction between Rumen Epithelial miRNAs-Microbiota-Metabolites in Response to Cold-Season Nutritional Stress in Tibetan Sheep. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14489. [PMID: 37833936 PMCID: PMC10572940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tibetan sheep are already well adapted to cold season nutrient stress on the Tibetan Plateau. Rumen, an important nutrient for metabolism and as an absorption organ in ruminants, plays a vital role in the cold stress adaptations of Tibetan sheep. Ruminal microbiota also plays an indispensable role in rumen function. In this study, combined multiomics data were utilized to comprehensively analyze the interaction mechanism between rumen epithelial miRNAs and microbiota and their metabolites in Tibetan sheep under nutrient stress in the cold season. A total of 949 miRNAs were identified in the rumen epithelium of both cold and warm seasons. A total of 62 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were screened using FC > 1.5 and p value < 0.01, and a total of 20,206 targeted genes were predicted by DE miRNAs. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that DE miRNA-targeted genes were mainly enriched in axon guidance(ko04360), tight junction(ko04530), inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels(ko04750) and metabolism-related pathways. Correlation analysis revealed that rumen microbiota, rumen VFAs and DE miRNAs were all correlated. Further study revealed that the targeted genes of cold and warm season rumen epithelial DE miRNAs were coenriched with differential metabolites of microbiota in glycerophospholipid metabolism (ko00564), apoptosis (ko04210), inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels (ko04750), small cell lung cancer (ko05222), and choline metabolism in cancer (ko05231) pathways. There are several interactions between Tibetan sheep rumen epithelial miRNAs, rumen microbiota, and microbial metabolites, mainly through maintaining rumen epithelial barrier function and host homeostasis of choline and cholesterol, improving host immunity, and promoting energy metabolism pathways, thus enabling Tibetan sheep to effectively respond to cold season nutrient stress. The results also suggest that rumen microbiota have coevolved with their hosts to improve the adaptive capacity of Tibetan sheep to cold season nutrient stress, providing a new perspective for the study of cold season nutritional stress adaptation in Tibetan sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibing Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
- College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuzhu Sha
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Xiu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Yanyu He
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
| | - Jiang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Jiqing Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Shaobin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Xinyu Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Pengyang Shao
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
| | - Mingna Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology/Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (W.L.); (Y.S.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (X.G.); (P.S.); (F.Z.); (M.L.)
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Hemmati M, Kashanipoor S, Mazaheri P, Alibabaei F, Babaeizad A, Asli S, Mohammadi S, Gorgin AH, Ghods K, Yousefi B, Eslami M. Importance of gut microbiota metabolites in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Life Sci 2023; 329:121947. [PMID: 37463653 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the most common cause of death worldwide and has become a public health concern. The proven notable risk factors for CVD are atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and some genetic defects. However, research has shown a correlation between metabolic health, gut microbiota, and dietary risk factors. The gut microbiota makes an important contribution to human functional metabolic pathways by contributing enzymes that are not encoded by the human genome, for instance, the breakdown of polysaccharides, polyphenols and vitamins synthesis. TMAO and SCFAs, human gut microbiota compounds, have respective immunomodulatory and pro-inflammatory effects. Choline and l-carnitine are abundant in high-fat diets and are transformed into TMA by gut bacteria. The liver's phase of metabolism then changes TMA into TMAO. In turn, TMAO promotes the activation of macrophages, damages vascular endothelium, and results in CVD-however, dysbiosis decreases SCFAs and bile acids, which raises intestinal permeability. Congestion in the portal vein, a drop in cardiac output, a reduction in intestinal perfusion, and intestinal leakage are all caused by heart failure. These factors induce systemic inflammation by increasing intestinal leakage. By raising CRP and pro-inflammatory reactions, human gut dysbiosis and elevated TMAO levels promote the development of arterial plaque, hasten the beginning of atherosclerosis, and raise the risk of CAD. A healthy symbiosis between the gut microbiota and host is a key factor in shaping the biochemical profile of the diet, therefore which are crucial for maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier, growing mucosa, reducing inflammation, and controlling blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hemmati
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Payman Mazaheri
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Farnaz Alibabaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Babaeizad
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Shima Asli
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sina Mohammadi
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Amir Hosein Gorgin
- Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghods
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Majid Eslami
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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30
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Eickhardt-Dalbøge CS, Ingham AC, Nielsen HV, Fuursted K, Stensvold CR, Andersen LO, Larsen MK, Kjær L, Christensen SF, Knudsen TA, Skov V, Ellervik C, Olsen LR, Hasselbalch HC, Elmer Christensen JJ, Nielsen XC. Pronounced gut microbiota signatures in patients with JAK2V617F-positive essential thrombocythemia. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0066223. [PMID: 37695126 PMCID: PMC10581245 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00662-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is part of the Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. It is characterized by an increased risk of thromboembolic events and also to a certain degree hypermetabolic symptoms. The gut microbiota is an important initiator of hematopoiesis and regulation of the immune system, but in patients with ET, where inflammation is a hallmark of the disease, it is vastly unexplored. In this study, we compared the gut microbiota via amplicon-based 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the V3-V4 region in 54 patients with ET according to mutation status Janus-kinase 2 (JAK2V617F)-positive vs JAK2V617F-negative patients with ET, and in 42 healthy controls (HCs). Gut microbiota richness was higher in patients with ET (median-observed richness, 283.5; range, 75-535) compared with HCs (median-observed richness, 191.5; range, 111-300; P < 0.001). Patients with ET had a different overall bacterial composition (beta diversity) than HCs (analysis of similarities [ANOSIM]; R = 0.063, P = 0.004). Patients with ET had a significantly lower relative abundance of taxa within the Firmicutes phylum compared with HCs (51% vs 59%, P = 0.03), and within that phylum, patients with ET also had a lower relative abundance of the genus Faecalibacterium (8% vs 15%, P < 0.001), an important immunoregulative bacterium. The microbiota signatures were more pronounced in patients harboring the JAK2V617F mutation, and highly similar to patients with polycythemia vera as previously described. These findings suggest that patients with ET may have an altered immune regulation; however, whether this dysregulation is induced in part by, or is itself inducing, an altered gut microbiota remains to be investigated. IMPORTANCE Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a cancer characterized by thrombocyte overproduction. Inflammation has been shown to be vital in both the initiation and progression of other myeloproliferative neoplasms, and it is well known that the gut microbiota is important in the regulation of our immune system. However, the gut microbiota of patients with ET remains uninvestigated. In this study, we characterized the gut microbiota of patients with ET compared with healthy controls and thereby provide new insights into the field. We show that the gut microbiota of patients with ET differs significantly from that of healthy controls and the patients with ET have a lower relative abundance of important immunoregulative bacteria. Furthermore, we demonstrate that patients with JAK2V617F-positive ET have pronounced gut microbiota signatures compared with JAK2V617F-negative patients. Thereby confirming the importance of the underlying mutation, the immune response as well as the composition of the microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Schjellerup Eickhardt-Dalbøge
- Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Cäcilia Ingham
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik V. Nielsen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kurt Fuursted
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Lee O'Brien Andersen
- Department of Bacteria, Parasites and Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Kranker Larsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Kjær
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Trine Alma Knudsen
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Vibe Skov
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Christina Ellervik
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Data and Data Support, Region Zealand, Sorø, Denmark
| | - Lars Rønn Olsen
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hans Carl Hasselbalch
- Department of Hematology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Jørgen Elmer Christensen
- Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Xiaohui Chen Nielsen
- Regional Department of Clinical Microbiology, Zealand University Hospital, Koege, Denmark
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Shoer S, Shilo S, Godneva A, Ben-Yacov O, Rein M, Wolf BC, Lotan-Pompan M, Bar N, Weiss EI, Houri-Haddad Y, Pilpel Y, Weinberger A, Segal E. Impact of dietary interventions on pre-diabetic oral and gut microbiome, metabolites and cytokines. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5384. [PMID: 37666816 PMCID: PMC10477304 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41042-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and associated comorbidities are a global health threat on the rise. We conducted a six-month dietary intervention in pre-diabetic individuals (NCT03222791), to mitigate the hyperglycemia and enhance metabolic health. The current work explores early diabetes markers in the 200 individuals who completed the trial. We find 166 of 2,803 measured features, including oral and gut microbial species and pathways, serum metabolites and cytokines, show significant change in response to a personalized postprandial glucose-targeting diet or the standard of care Mediterranean diet. These changes include established markers of hyperglycemia as well as novel features that can now be investigated as potential therapeutic targets. Our results indicate the microbiome mediates the effect of diet on glycemic, metabolic and immune measurements, with gut microbiome compositional change explaining 12.25% of serum metabolites variance. Although the gut microbiome displays greater compositional changes compared to the oral microbiome, the oral microbiome demonstrates more changes at the genetic level, with trends dependent on environmental richness and species prevalence in the population. In conclusion, our study shows dietary interventions can affect the microbiome, cardiometabolic profile and immune response of the host, and that these factors are well associated with each other, and can be harnessed for new therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saar Shoer
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Smadar Shilo
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Anastasia Godneva
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Orly Ben-Yacov
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Rein
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Bat Chen Wolf
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maya Lotan-Pompan
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noam Bar
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ervin I Weiss
- Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yael Houri-Haddad
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yitzhak Pilpel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adina Weinberger
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Eran Segal
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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Liang L, Rao E, Zhang X, Wu B, Su X, Chen L, Nie R, Nian X. GLP-1 receptor agonists modulate blood glucose levels in T2DM by affecting Faecalibacterium prausnitzii abundance in the intestine. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34978. [PMID: 37657059 PMCID: PMC10476738 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a class of medications used to treat type 2 diabetes, including metformin, which is considered first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes. In recent years, GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) have been found to alter the composition and structure of gut flora and also promote the production of gut probiotics. However, there have been few clinical studies regarding the effects of GLP-1 RAs on gut flora. In this study, we investigated changes in the abundance of Lactobacillus delbrueckii (L delbrueckii) and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F prausnitzii) 1 week after administration of a GLP-1 RA in the clinical treatment of type 2 diabetes. The association with glycemic and body mass index (BMI) correlations was also explored. METHODS Twelve newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes were examined for changes in the abundance of L delbrueckii and F prausnitzii by Fluorescence in Situ Hybridization 1 week after administration of GLP-1 RAs. Subjects BMI was measured and fasting glucose changes were detected using the glucose oxidase method, and Spearman correlation analysis was performed to explore their relevance. RESULTS There was no significant change in the abundance of L delbrueckii in the intestine (P = .695) and no significant correlation with BMI and fasting glucose levels (R = 0.134, P = .534) after the use of GLP-1 RA (R = -0.098, P = .647); F prausnitzii on the other hand had a significantly higher abundance (P = .002) and a significant negative correlation with fasting glucose level (R = -0.689, P < .001), but no significant correlation with BMI (R = -0.056, P = .796). CONCLUSION F prausnitzii may be one of the pathways through which glucose is regulated in the treatment of type 2 diabetes by GLP-1 RAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Kunming, China
| | | | - Xuxiang Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Kunming, China
| | - Bin Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoyun Su
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Kunming, China
| | - Lin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Kunming, China
| | - Rong Nie
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Kunming, China
| | - Xin Nian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Department of Endocrinology, Kunming, China
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Wang X, Long D, Hu X, Guo N. Gentiopicroside modulates glucose homeostasis in high-fat-diet and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1172360. [PMID: 37601073 PMCID: PMC10438990 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1172360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gluconeogenesis is closely related to the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Gentiopicroside (GPS) is the main active secoiridoid glycoside in Gentiana manshurica Kitagawa, which can improve chronic complications associated with diabetes and regulate glucose metabolism. However, the effects and potential mechanisms by which GPS affects T2DM understudied and poorly understood. In this study, we systematically explored the pharmacological effects of GPS on T2DM induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) as well as explored its related mechanisms. The results showed that GPS supplementation discernibly decreased blood glucose levels, food intake and water consumption, ameliorated glucose intolerance, abnormal pyruvate tolerance, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Furthermore, GPS discernibly ameliorated pathological morphological abnormalities of the liver and pancreas, reduced hepatic steatosis and maintain the balance between α-cells and β-cells in pancreas. Moreover, GPS significantly inhibited gluconeogenesis, as evidenced by the suppressed protein expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) in the liver. Additionally, the results of Western blot analysis revealed that GPS increased p-PI3K, p-AKT, and p-FOXO1 expression levels, and decreased FOXO1 expression at protein level in the liver. Furthermore, the results of the immunostaining and Western blot analysis demonstrated that GPS supplementation increased the expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin in the ileum. Collectively, these results indicate that GPS may inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis by regulating the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway and maintain intestinal barrier integrity, and ultimately improve T2DM. Together, these findings indicate that GPS is a potential candidate drug for the prevention and treatment of T2DM, and the results of our study will provide experimental basis for further exploration of the possibility of GPS as a therapeutic agent for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Dongmei Long
- Nanchong Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention, Control and Detection in Livestock and Poultry, Nanchong Vocational and Technical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xianghong Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Nan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Bardhan P, Yang T. Sexual Dimorphic Interplays Between Gut Microbiota and Antihypertensive Drugs. Curr Hypertens Rep 2023; 25:163-172. [PMID: 37199902 PMCID: PMC10193343 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-023-01244-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW The purpose of this study is to review the current literature regarding gut microbiota in blood pressure regulation and its interactions with antihypertensive drugs and to discuss how sex differences in gut microbiota contribute to sexual dimorphism of hypertension and treatment. RECENT FINDINGS The significance of gut microbiota in blood pressure regulation and hypertension etiology is growingly recognized. Targeting the dysbiotic microbiota is proposed to be a new therapeutic method. Recently, a few studies demonstrated that the gut microbiota is highly involved in the modulation of the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs, suggesting a novel mechanism by which gut microbiota plays a role in treatment-resistant hypertension. Furthermore, studies on sex differences in gut microbiota, etiology of hypertension, and sex bias in prescription of antihypertensive medications have revealed promising avenues in sexual dimorphism-based precision medicine. However, no scientific questions are ever raised on how sex differences in gut microbiota contribute to the sex specific responses of certain classes of antihypertensive drugs. Given the dynamics and complexity among individuals, precision medicine is proposed of great potential. We review current knowledge on the interactions between gut microbiota, hypertension, and antihypertensive drugs with an emphasis on sex as a crucial determinant. We propose that sex differences in gut microbiota be a research focus to advance our understanding of hypertension management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Bardhan
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus Block Health Science Bldg, Room 310, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, The University of Toledo, Health Science Campus Block Health Science Bldg, Room 310, 3000 Arlington Ave., Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
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Zheng H, Liang X, Zhou H, Zhou T, Liu X, Duan J, Duan JA, Zhu Y. Integrated gut microbiota and fecal metabolome analyses of the effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on D-galactose-induced premature ovarian insufficiency. Food Funct 2023; 14:7209-7221. [PMID: 37463025 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01659e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) has become one of the greatest health threats to the reproduction of women during their fertile age. Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBPs) are known for anti-aging and reproductive protective functions. Here, we investigated the protective effect of LBP on POI mice and revealed its possible mechanism by a combination of 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics analysis. In the current study, female C57BL/6J mice treated with D-galactose were used as a model to investigate the reversal effect of LBP on the degenerative ovarian function. The ameliorative effect of LBP on POI was evaluated from the estrous cycle, ovarian reserve, serum sex hormone levels, and fertility testing. Additionally, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were integrated to analyze the effects of LBP on the gut microbiota and fecal metabolic profile in the POI mice. The results showed that LBP administration significantly increased the total number of follicles and the number of follicles at different developmental stages in the POI mice. In addition, LBP was effective in reducing the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), regularizing the disordered estrous cycle, and increasing the number of offspring of the POI mice. The results from 16S rRNA sequencing showed that LBP had beneficial effects on the composition and structure of the gut microbiota in the POI mice. In a metabolomics study, a total of 23 metabolites were finally identified as potential biomarkers of POI, and multiple pathways were regulated after the treatment of LBP, especially the arginine biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the regulation effect of LBP on metabolites was closely related to Faecalibaculum, Bilophila and Anaerofustis in the gut microbiota. In summary, the results demonstrated that LBP could improve the ovarian reserve and provides evidence both on the gut microbiota and metabolism, which provide beneficial support for the applications of LBP in female ovarian function degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Zheng
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xiaofei Liang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Hongli Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Tong Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Xinhui Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jialun Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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García-Díez E, López-Oliva ME, Perez-Vizcaino F, Pérez-Jiménez J, Ramos S, Martín MÁ. Dietary Supplementation with a Cocoa-Carob Blend Modulates Gut Microbiota and Prevents Intestinal Oxidative Stress and Barrier Dysfunction in Zucker Diabetic Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1519. [PMID: 37627514 PMCID: PMC10452029 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We have recently developed a cocoa-carob blend (CCB) rich in polyphenols with antidiabetic properties. In this study, we investigated whether its benefits could be related to gut health and gut microbiota (GM) composition and the likely phenolic metabolites involved. Zucker diabetic fatty rats were fed on a standard or a CCB-rich diet for 12 weeks. Intestinal barrier structure and oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers were analyzed in colonic samples. GM composition and phenolic metabolites were evaluated from feces. The results show that CCB improved mucin and tight-junction proteins and counteracted gut oxidative stress and inflammation by regulating sirtuin-1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels. CCB also modulated the composition of the GM, showing increases in Akkermansia and Bacteroides and decreases in Ruminococcus genera. Correlation analysis strengthened the associations between these genera and improved pathological variables in diabetic animals. Moreover, 12 phenolic metabolites were identified in CCB feces, being2,3-dihydroxybenzoic and 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acids significantly associated with increased levels of Akkermansia and Oscillospira genera. Our findings support the potential use of CCB to prevent intestinal damage and dysbiosis in T2D, which would help to delay the progression of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther García-Díez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
| | - María Elvira López-Oliva
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- AFUSAN Group, Sanitary Research Institute of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
- Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IISGM), 28007 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jara Pérez-Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Ramos
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Martín
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Alimentos y Nutrición (ICTAN-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain; (E.G.-D.); (J.P.-J.); (S.R.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Hamamah S, Amin A, Al-Kassir AL, Chuang J, Covasa M. Dietary Fat Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Impact on Regulatory Pathways Controlling Food Intake. Nutrients 2023; 15:3365. [PMID: 37571301 PMCID: PMC10421457 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial disease that continues to increase in prevalence worldwide. Emerging evidence has shown that the development of obesity may be influenced by taxonomic shifts in gut microbiota in response to the consumption of dietary fats. Further, these alterations in gut microbiota have been shown to promote important changes in satiation signals including gut hormones (leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1, peptide YY and CCK) and orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides (AgRP, NPY, POMC, CART) that influence hyperphagia and therefore obesity. In this review, we highlight mechanisms by which gut microbiota can influence these satiation signals both locally in the gastrointestinal tract and via microbiota-gut-brain communication. Then, we describe the effects of dietary interventions and associated changes in gut microbiota on satiety signals through microbiota-dependent mechanisms. Lastly, we present microbiota optimizing therapies including prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and weight loss surgery that can help restore beneficial gut microbiota by enhancing satiety signals to reduce hyperphagia and subsequent obesity. Overall, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which dietary fats induce taxonomical shifts in gut microbiota and their impact on satiation signaling pathways will help develop more targeted therapeutic interventions in delaying the onset of obesity and in furthering its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevag Hamamah
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Arman Amin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Abdul Latif Al-Kassir
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Judith Chuang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
| | - Mihai Covasa
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Western University of Health Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (S.H.); (A.A.); (A.L.A.-K.); (J.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Science, University of Suceava, 720229 Suceava, Romania
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Tian E, Wang F, Zhao L, Sun Y, Yang J. The pathogenic role of intestinal flora metabolites in diabetic nephropathy. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1231621. [PMID: 37469558 PMCID: PMC10352811 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1231621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing incidence of diabetes, diabetic kidney disease has become a major cause of chronic kidney disease. The role of the gut microbiota in diabetes and its related complications have been extensively investigated; the modulatory effect of the gut microbiota on the host depends on several gut microbial metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acids, and trimethylamine N-oxide. In this review, we focused on the evidence related to the pathogenic role of each of the gut microbial metabolites in diabetic nephropathy. The main novel therapies targeting the gut microbiota include probiotics, dietary prebiotics, synbiotic supplements, and faecal microbiota transplants, although there is no standard treatment principle. Further research is therefore needed to elucidate the link between gut microbes and diabetic nephropathy, and more therapeutic targets should be explored to treat diabetic nephropathy with dysbiosis of the gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Tian
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Beibei Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhu M, Song Y, Xu Y, Xu H. Manipulating Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatment: Clinical and Natural Product Interventions Explored. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11004. [PMID: 37446182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease, that includes Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), having progressively increasing global incidence. Disturbed intestinal flora has been highlighted as an important feature of IBD and offers promising strategies for IBD remedies. A brief overview of the variations occurring in intestinal flora during IBD is presented, and the role of the gut microbiota in intestinal barrier maintenance, immune and metabolic regulation, and the absorption and supply of nutrients is reviewed. More importantly, we review drug research on gut microbiota in the past ten years, including research on clinical and natural drugs, as well as adjuvant therapies, such as Fecal Microbiota Transplantation and probiotic supplements. We also summarize the interventions and mechanisms of these drugs on gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yijie Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Kallassy J, Gagnon E, Rosenberg D, Silbart LK, McManus SA. Strains of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and its extracts reduce blood glucose levels, percent HbA1c, and improve glucose tolerance without causing hypoglycemic side effects in diabetic and prediabetic mice. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2023; 11:11/3/e003101. [PMID: 37277225 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-003101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The commensal bacterium Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is a prominent member of the microbiome of animals and humans, and it plays an important role in several physiological processes. Numerous studies have correlated the reduction of F. prausnitzii abundance with many disease states, including irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, obesity, asthma, major depressive disorder, and metabolic diseases in humans. Studies have also correlated F. prausnitzii with diseases in humans involved in altered glucose metabolism, including diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of compositions derived from three strains of F. prausnitzii (coined FPZ) on glucose metabolism in diet-induced obese male C57BL/6J prediabetic and type 2 diabetic mice. The primary endpoints of these studies were measuring changes in fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance (as measured by a glucose tolerance test), and percent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) with longer term treatment. Two placebo-controlled trials were carried out using both live cell FPZ and killed cell FPZ and extracts. Two additional placebo-controlled trials were carried out in non-diabetic mice and mice that previously had type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESULTS Both trials in prediabetic and diabetic mice revealed that peroral administration of live FPZ or extracts from FPZ lowered fasting blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance compared with control mice. A trial administering longer FPZ treatment also resulted in lowered percent HbA1c compared with control mice. Additionally, trials in non-diabetic mice treated with FPZ demonstrated that FPZ treatment does not lead to hypoglycemia. CONCLUSIONS The trial results have shown that treatment with different formulations of FPZ result in lower blood glucose levels, lower percent HbA1c, and improved glucose response in mice compared with control prediabetic/diabetic mice. FPZ is a promising candidate as an orally administered probiotic or postbiotic to manage and improve pre-diabetes and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lawrence K Silbart
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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Lu F, MacPherson CW, Tremblay J, Iskandar MM, Kubow S. Anthocyanin-rich blue potato meals protect against polychlorinated biphenyl-mediated disruption of short-chain fatty acid production and gut microbiota profiles in a simulated human digestion model. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1130841. [PMID: 37324735 PMCID: PMC10266533 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1130841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants associated with a wide variety of adverse human health outcomes. PCB 126 and PCB 153 are among the most prevalent congeners associated with human exposure. Emerging studies have suggested that PCB exposure leads to lower gut microbial diversity although their effects on microbial production of health promoting short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) has been scarcely studied. Blue potatoes are rich in anthocyanins (ACNs), which is a class of polyphenols that promote the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus and increase the generation of SCFAs. A batch-culture, pH-controlled, stirred system containing human fecal microbial communities was utilized to assess whether human gut microbiota composition and SCFA production are affected by: (a) PCB 126 and PCB 153 exposure; and (b) ACN-rich digests in the presence and absence of the PCB congeners. Methods Anthocyanin-rich blue potato meals (11.03 g) were digested over 12 h with and without PCB 126 (0.5 mM) and PCB 153 (0.5 mM) using an in vitro simulated gut digestion model involving upper gastrointestinal digestion followed by metabolism by human fecal microbiota. Fecal digests were collected for analysis of gut microbial and SCFA profiles. Results Polychlorinated biphenyl-exposed fecal samples showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in species richness and a significantly (p < 0.05) different microbial community structure. PCB treatment was associated with an increased (p < 0.05) relative abundance of Akkermansia, Eggerthella, and Bifidobacterium and a decreased (p < 0.05) relative abundance of Veillonella, Streptococcus, and Holdemanella. ACN digests counteracted the altered abundances of Akkermansia and Bifidobacterium seen with the PCB treatment. PCB exposure was associated with a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in total SCFA and acetate concentrations. ACN digests were associated with significantly (p < 0.05) higher SCFA and acetate concentrations in the presence and absence of PCBs. Conclusion Human fecal matter exposed to PCB 126 and PCB 153 led to decreased abundance and altered gut microbiota profiles as well as lowered SCFA and acetate levels. Importantly, this study showed that prebiotic ACN-rich potatoes counteract PCB-mediated disruptions in human gut microbiota profiles and SCFA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lu
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Julien Tremblay
- Energy, Mining and Environment, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michèle M. Iskandar
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Stan Kubow
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
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Che Y, Wang N, Ma Q, Liu J, Xu Z, Li Q, Wang J, Sun Y. Microbial characterization of the nasal cavity in patients with allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1166389. [PMID: 37180436 PMCID: PMC10166850 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1166389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although recent studies have shown that the human microbiome is involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases, the impact of microbiota on allergic rhinitis (AR) and non-allergic rhinitis (nAR) has not been elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in the composition of the nasal flora in patients with AR and nAR and their role in the pathogenesis. Method From February to September 2022, 35 AR patients and 35 nAR patients admitted to Harbin Medical University's Second Affiliated Hospital, as well as 20 healthy subjects who underwent physical examination during the same period, were subjected to 16SrDNA and metagenomic sequencing of nasal flora. Results The microbiota composition of the three groups of study subjects differs significantly. The relative abundance of Vibrio vulnificus and Acinetobacter baumanni in the nasal cavity of AR patients was significantly higher when compared to nAR patients, while the relative abundance of Lactobacillus murinus, Lactobacillus iners, Proteobacteria, Pseudomonadales, and Escherichia coli was lower. In addition, Lactobacillus murinus and Lacttobacillus kunkeei were also negatively correlated with IgE, while Lacttobacillus kunkeei was positively correlated with age. The relative distribution of Faecalibacterium was higher in moderate than in severe AR patients. According to KEGG functional enrichment annotation, ICMT(protein-S-isoprenylcysteine O-methyltransferase,ICMT) is an AR microbiota-specific enzyme that plays a role, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism are more active in AR microbiota. For AR, the model containing Parabacteroides goldstemii, Sutterella-SP-6FBBBBH3, Pseudoalteromonas luteoviolacea, Lachnospiraceae bacterium-615, and Bacteroides coprocola had the highest the area under the curve (AUC), which was 0.9733(95%CI:0.926-1.000) in the constructed random forest prediction model. The largest AUC for nAR is 0.984(95%CI:0.949-1.000) for the model containing Pseudomonas-SP-LTJR-52, Lachnospiraceae bacterium-615, Prevotella corporis, Anaerococcus vaginalis, and Roseburia inulinivorans. Conclusion In conclusion, patients with AR and nAR had significantly different microbiota profiles compared to healthy controls. The results suggest that the nasal microbiota may play a key role in the pathogenesis and symptoms of AR and nAR, providing us with new ideas for the treatment of AR and nAR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanan Sun
- *Correspondence: Jingting Wang, ; Yanan Sun,
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Veres-Székely A, Szász C, Pap D, Szebeni B, Bokrossy P, Vannay Á. Zonulin as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis Disorders: Encouraging Results and Emerging Questions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087548. [PMID: 37108711 PMCID: PMC10139156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dysbiosis and central nervous diseases has been proved in the last 10 years. Microbial alterations cause increased intestinal permeability, and the penetration of bacterial fragment and toxins induces local and systemic inflammatory processes, affecting distant organs, including the brain. Therefore, the integrity of the intestinal epithelial barrier plays a central role in the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In this review, we discuss recent findings on zonulin, an important tight junction regulator of intestinal epithelial cells, which is assumed to play a key role in maintaining of the blood-brain barrier function. In addition to focusing on the effect of microbiome on intestinal zonulin release, we also summarize potential pharmaceutical approaches to modulate zonulin-associated pathways with larazotide acetate and other zonulin receptor agonists or antagonists. The present review also addresses the emerging issues, including the use of misleading nomenclature or the unsolved questions about the exact protein sequence of zonulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apor Veres-Székely
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csenge Szász
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Domonkos Pap
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Szebeni
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Bokrossy
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ádám Vannay
- Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary
- ELKH-SE Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, Hungary
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Shin JH, Lee Y, Song EJ, Lee D, Jang SY, Byeon HR, Hong MG, Lee SN, Kim HJ, Seo JG, Jun DW, Nam YD. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii prevents hepatic damage in a mouse model of NASH induced by a high-fructose high-fat diet. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1123547. [PMID: 37007480 PMCID: PMC10060964 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1123547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an advanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis. A dysbiosis of the gut microbiota has been associated with the pathophysiology of NASH, and probiotics have proven helpful in its treatment and prevention. Although both traditional and next-generation probiotics have the potential to alleviate various diseases, studies that observe the therapeutic effect of next-generation probiotics on NASH are lacking. Therefore, we investigated whether a next-generation probiotic candidate, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, contributed to the mitigation of NASH.MethodsIn this study, we conducted 16S rRNA sequencing analyses in patients with NASH and healthy controls. To test F. prausnitzii could alleviate NASH symptoms, we isolated four F. prausnitzii strains (EB-FPDK3, EB-FPDK9, EB-FPDK11, and EB-FPYYK1) from fecal samples collected from four healthy individuals. Mice were maintained on a high-fructose high-fat diet for 16 weeks to induce a NASH model and received oral administration of the bacterial strains. Changes in characteristic NASH phenotypes were assessed via oral glucose tolerance tests, biochemical assays, and histological analyses.Results16S rRNA sequencing analyses confirmed that the relative abundance of F. prausnitzii reduced significantly in patients with NASH compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). In the NASH mice, F. prausnitzii supplementation improved glucose homeostasis, prevented hepatic lipid accumulation, curbed liver damage and fibrosis, restored damaged gut barrier functions, and alleviated hepatic steatosis and liver inflammation. Furthermore, real-time PCR assays documented that the four F. prausnitzii strains regulated the expression of genes related to hepatic steatosis in these mice.DiscussionOur study, therefore, confirms that the administration of F. prausnitzii bacteria can alleviate NASH symptoms. We propose that F. prausnitzii has the potential to contribute to the next-generation probiotic treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hee Shin
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonmi Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ji Song
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyung Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yul Jang
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Rim Byeon
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Gi Hong
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Nam Lee
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Gu Seo
- R&D Center, Enterobiome Inc., Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae-Gu Seo,
| | - Dae Won Jun
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Dae Won Jun,
| | - Young-Do Nam
- Research Group of Personalized Diet, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
- Young-Do Nam,
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Prudêncio APA, Fonseca DC, Machado NM, Alves JTM, Sala P, Fernandes GR, Torrinhas RS, Waitzberg DL. Red Meat Intake, Indole-3-Acetate, and Dorea longicatena Together Affect Insulin Resistance after Gastric Bypass. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051185. [PMID: 36904185 PMCID: PMC10005351 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Roux-en-Y Gastric bypass (RYGB) promotes improvement in type 2 diabetes (T2D) shortly after surgery, with metabolic mechanisms yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between food intake, tryptophan metabolism, and gut microbiota on the glycemic control of obese T2D women after RYGB surgery. Twenty T2D women who underwent RYGB were evaluated before and three months after surgery. Food intake data were obtained by a seven-day food record and a food frequency questionnaire. Tryptophan metabolites were determined by untargeted metabolomic analysis, and the gut microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. The glycemic outcomes were fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, HOMA-IR, and HOMA-beta. Linear regression models were applied to assess the associations between the changes in food intake, tryptophan metabolism, and gut microbiota on glycemic control after RYGB. All variables changed after RYGB (p < 0.05), except for tryptophan intake. Jointly, the variation in red meat intake, plasma indole-3-acetate, and Dorea longicatena was associated with postoperative HOMA-IR {R2 0.80, R2 adj 0.74; p < 0.01}. Red meat intake decreased three months after bariatric surgery while indole-3-acetate and Dorea longicatena increased in the same period. These combined variables were associated with better insulin resistance in T2D women after RYGB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Aguiar Prudêncio
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Danielle Cristina Fonseca
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Natasha Mendonça Machado
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Sala
- Faculty of Nutrition, Universidade São Camilo, São Paulo 04263-200, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Susana Torrinhas
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence:
| | - Dan Linetzky Waitzberg
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery of the Digestive System, LIM 35, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil
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Wang Y, Yuan H, Wang Y. Treatment of Diabetes Nephropathy in Mice by Germinating Seeds of Euryale ferox through Improving Oxidative Stress. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040767. [PMID: 36832842 PMCID: PMC9957029 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes can cause severe kidney disease. Euryale ferox seeds (Gordon Euryale) have known antioxidant, hypoglycemic, and renal protection effects. Methanol extracts of Gordon Euryale were produced from ungerminated and germinated seeds. The effect of germination on polyphenol and flavonoid content was investigated by Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Three doses of ungerminated seed extract (EKE) and germinated seed extract (GEKE) were administered to diabetic mice by gavage to explore the treatment-dependent improvement of oxidative stress, metabolic disorder, and kidney disease. Seed germination led to a 1.7 times increase in total phenol content in the extract, and the flavonoid content was increased by 1.9 times. Germination greatly increased the contents of 29 polyphenols and 1 terpenoid. At the same dose, GEKE more strongly improved hyperglycemia, abnormal lipid metabolism, and renal tissue lesions (as confirmed by histology) in the diabetic mice than EKE did. In diabetic mice receiving treatment, kidney microalbunminuria (ALB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) were all decreased, while activity of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and serum total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were increased. Both EKE and GEKE can improve diabetes and kidney disease by improving hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and kidney physiological indicators and regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 and AMPK/mTOR pathways. However, in both pathways, GEKE is more effective. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of GEKE and EKE treatment on antioxidant defense and metabolic capacity of diabetic animals. Germination provides a suitable strategy to improve the medicinal value of these natural plant-based products.
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Li W, Ke C, Yang C, Li J, Chen Q, Xia Z, Xu J. LncRNA DICER1-AS1 promotes colorectal cancer progression by activating the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway through sponging miR-650. Cancer Med 2023; 12:8351-8366. [PMID: 36708020 PMCID: PMC10134332 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease with high morbidity and mortality rates globally. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a fundamental role in tumor progression, and increasing attention has been paid to their role in CRC. This study aimed to determine the function of lncRNA DICER1 antisense RNA 1 (DICER1-AS1) in CRC and confirm its potential regulatory mechanisms in CRC. METHODS The publicly available dataset was used to assess DICER1-AS1 function and expression in CRC. RT-qPCR or western blot assays were performed to verify DICER1-AS1, miR-650, and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) expression in CRC cells or tissues. To determine the function of DICER1-AS1, we performed CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, cell cycle, and in vivo animal assays. Using RNA sequence analysis, luciferase reporter assays, and bioinformatics analysis, the connection between DICER1-AS1, MAPK1, and miR-650 was investigated. RESULTS DICER1-AS1 was significantly upregulated in CRC tissue compared to normal colon tissue. High DICER1-AS1 expression suggested a poor prognosis in CRC patients. Functionally, upregulation of DICER1-AS1 effectively promoted CRC proliferation, migration, and invasion ex vivo and tumor progression in vivo. Mechanistically, DICER1-AS1 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that sponges miR-650 to upregulate MAPK1, promotes ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and sequentially activates the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our investigations found that upregulation of DICER1-AS1 activates the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway by sponging miR-650 to promote CRC progression, revealing a possible clinically significant biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuanfeng Ke
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cuiyan Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyao Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qikui Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongsheng Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jihao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Luo N, Guo Y, Peng L, Deng F. High-fiber-diet-related metabolites improve neurodegenerative symptoms in patients with obesity with diabetes mellitus by modulating the hippocampal-hypothalamic endocrine axis. Front Neurol 2023; 13:1026904. [PMID: 36733447 PMCID: PMC9888315 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1026904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Through transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, this study examined the role of high-fiber diet in obesity complicated by diabetes and neurodegenerative symptoms. Method The expression matrix of high-fiber-diet-related metabolites, blood methylation profile associated with pre-symptomatic dementia in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and high-throughput single-cell sequencing data of hippocampal samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and through a literature search. Data were analyzed using principal component analysis (PCA) after quality control and data filtering to identify different cell clusters and candidate markers. A protein-protein interaction network was mapped using the STRING database. To further investigate the interaction among high-fiber-diet-related metabolites, methylation-related DEGs related to T2DM, and single-cell marker genes related to AD, AutoDock was used for semi-flexible molecular docking. Result Based on GEO database data and previous studies, 24 marker genes associated with high-fiber diet, T2DM, and AD were identified. Top 10 core genes include SYNE1, ANK2, SPEG, PDZD2, KALRN, PTPRM, PTPRK, BIN1, DOCK9, and NPNT, and their functions are primarily related to autophagy. According to molecular docking analysis, acetamidobenzoic acid, the most substantially altered metabolic marker associated with a high-fiber diet, had the strongest binding affinity for SPEG. Conclusion By targeting the SPEG protein in the hippocampus, acetamidobenzoic acid, a metabolite associated with high-fiber diet, may improve diabetic and neurodegenerative diseases in obese people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China,*Correspondence: Ning Luo ✉
| | - Yuejie Guo
- Department of Geriatrics, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China
| | - Lihua Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chenzhou No. 4 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China
| | - Fangli Deng
- Breast Health Care Center, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, China
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Dietary Supplementation with Chlorogenic Acid Enhances Antioxidant Capacity, Which Promotes Growth, Jejunum Barrier Function, and Cecum Microbiota in Broilers under High Stocking Density Stress. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020303. [PMID: 36670842 PMCID: PMC9854556 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorogenic acids (CGA) are widely used as feed additives for their ability to improve growth performance and intestinal health in poultry. However, whether dietary CGAs could reverse the impaired intestinal condition caused by high stocking density (HD) in broiler chickens is unknown. We determined the effect of dietary CGA on growth, serum antioxidant levels, jejunum barrier function, and the microbial community in the cecum of broilers raised under normal (ND) or HD conditions. HD stress significantly decreased growth and body weight, which was restored by CGA. The HD group showed increased serum malondialdehyde, an oxidative byproduct, and decreased SOD and GSH-Px activity. CGA reduced malondialdehyde and restored antioxidant enzyme activity. HD stress also significantly decreased jejunal villus length and increased crypt depth. Compared with ND, the expression of tight-junction genes was significantly decreased in the HD group, but this decrease was reversed by CGA. HD also significantly upregulated TNF-α. Compared with ND, the cecal microbiota in the HD group showed lower alpha diversity with increases in the harmful bacteria Turicibacter and Shigella. This change was altered in the HD + CGA group, with enrichment of Blautia, Akkermansia, and other beneficial bacteria. These results demonstrated that HD stress decreased serum antioxidant capacity, inhibited the development of jejunal villi, and downregulated expression of tight-junction genes, which increased intestinal permeability during the rapid growth period (21 to 35 days). Dietary CGA enhanced antioxidant capacity, improved intestinal integrity, and enhanced beneficial gut bacteria in chickens raised under HD conditions.
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Xuan W, Ou Y, Chen W, Huang L, Wen C, Huang G, Tang W, Zeng D, Huang S, Xiao L, Li Z. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii Improves Lipid Metabolism Disorder and Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Br J Biomed Sci 2023; 80:10794. [PMID: 37025162 PMCID: PMC10070466 DOI: 10.3389/bjbs.2023.10794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Additional effective therapeutic strategies for Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients are urgently needed. Gut microbiota plays an important role in T2D development and is a promising treatment strategy for T2D patients. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii) is regarded as one of the most important bacterial indicators for a healthy gut, but the mechanisms of its anti-diabetic properties are still unclear. Methods and Results: The abundance of F. prausnitzii in feces of patients with T2D was detected by using qPCR. The effects of F. prausnitzii on glucose homeostasis, insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis and inflammation were investigated in type 2 diabetic (T2D) db/db mice. We also investigated F. prausnitzii in people. Our results showed that the abundance of F. prausnitzii was significantly lower in T2D patients compared to healthy subjects. In T2D mice, we found that F. prausnitzii treatment significantly decreased fasting blood glucose and IR index, indicating improved glucose intolerance as well as IR. Furthermore, based on evaluation of lipid-regulating enzyme activities and proinflammatory cytokine levels, F. prausnitzii was not only able to improve inflammation in both adipose tissue and liver, but also ameliorate hepatic steatosis through inhibiting the activity of hepatic lipogenic enzymes. Conclusion: These results suggested that F. prausnitzii might serve as a therapeutic option for T2D by improved IR, lipid metabolism and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Xuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yijing Ou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, China
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, China
| | - Lishan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, China
| | - Chuangyu Wen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, China
| | - Guangying Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wenting Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, China
| | - Daidi Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, China
| | - Suran Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, China
| | - Lijuan Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Lijuan Xiao, ; Zhongjun Li,
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dongguan, China
- Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Lijuan Xiao, ; Zhongjun Li,
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