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Carrasco-Querol N, Cabricano-Canga L, Bueno Hernández N, Gonçalves AQ, Caballol Angelats R, Pozo Ariza M, Martín-Borràs C, Montesó-Curto P, Castro Blanco E, Dalmau Llorca MR, Aguilar Martín C. Nutrition and Chronobiology as Key Components of Multidisciplinary Therapeutic Interventions for Fibromyalgia and Associated Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Narrative and Critical Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:182. [PMID: 38257075 PMCID: PMC10818822 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM) is often accompanied by chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). It is a poorly understood disorder that mainly affects women and leads to chronic pain, fatigue, and insomnia, among other symptoms, which decrease quality of life. Due to the inefficiency of current pharmacological treatments, increasing interest is being directed towards non-pharmacological multicomponent therapies. However, nutrition and chronobiology are often overlooked when developing multicomponent therapies. This narrative and critical review explore the relevance of nutritional and chronobiological strategies in the therapeutic management of FM and the often-associated CFS. Reviewed literature offers scientific evidence for the association of dietary habits, nutrient levels, body composition, gut microbiota imbalance, chronobiological alterations, and their interrelation with the development and severity of symptoms. This review highlights the key role of nutrition and chronobiology as relevant and indispensable components in a multidisciplinary approach to FM and CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noèlia Carrasco-Querol
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
| | | | - Nerea Bueno Hernández
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Alessandra Queiroga Gonçalves
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
- Red de Investigación en Cronicidad, Atención Primaria y Promoción de la Salud (RICAPPS), 08007 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Caballol Angelats
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (R.C.A.); (P.M.-C.); (M.R.D.L.)
- Servei d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 43500 Tortosa, Spain
| | - Macarena Pozo Ariza
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Carme Martín-Borràs
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
- Departament de Fisioteràpia, Facultat de Ciencies de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramón Llull, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Montesó-Curto
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (R.C.A.); (P.M.-C.); (M.R.D.L.)
- Servei d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 43500 Tortosa, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Elisabet Castro Blanco
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
| | - Maria Rosa Dalmau Llorca
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 08007 Barcelona, Spain; (R.C.A.); (P.M.-C.); (M.R.D.L.)
- Servei d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 43500 Tortosa, Spain
| | - Carina Aguilar Martín
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Terres de l’Ebre, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol I Gurina (IDIAPJGol), 43500 Tortosa, Spain; (N.B.H.); (A.Q.G.); (M.P.A.); (C.M.-B.); (E.C.B.); (C.A.M.)
- Unitat d’Avaluació i Recerca, Direcció d’Atenció Primària Terres de l’Ebre i Gerència Territorial Terres de l’Ebre, Institut Català de la Salut (ICS), 43500 Tortosa, Spain
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Luo L, Zhang Y, Huang T, Zhou F, Xiong C, Liu Y, Zhai P, Wang G, Tan J, Jiao C, Chen X, Yu J, Qiao Y, Ren S, Hu X, Zhan J, Cheng J. A description of the current status of chronic fatigue syndrome and associated factors among university students in Wuhan, China. Front Psychiatry 2023; 13:1047014. [PMID: 36713904 PMCID: PMC9877457 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1047014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a group of chronic conscious fatigue that is not easily relieved by rest and is accompanied by corresponding physiological dysfunction and psychological symptoms. However, due to the insufficient understanding of the pathogenesis of ME/CFS, there is currently a lack of effective treatment methods. In addition, there are few surveys on the current status of ME/CFS in the central region of China, and the data on ME/CFS among university students in the central region are lacking. This group conducted a survey on university students in Wuhan, Hubei Province in 2022 to collect and analyze the current status of ME/CFS among university students in central China for the first time, aiming to understand the current development of ME/CFS among university students, investigate the influencing factors of its prevalence, fill the data gaps, and provide a reliable basis for developing interventions for chronic fatigue syndrome among university students. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among university students in a university in Hubei province. Data were collected via online questionnaire surveys. The contents included demographic characteristics, lifestyles, disease history, depression, anxiety, sleep, ME/CFS and other associated factors. SAS 9.4 statistical software was used to analyze and estimate the effect of associated factors on ME/CFS. Results A total of 1826 subjects were included in the final analysis. The results showed that the prevalence of ME/CFS in university students was 6.25%. Univariate analysis showed that exercise, alcohol consumption, study, overnights, diet, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality were associated with ME/CFS (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that overnights, overeating, anxiety, and sleep quality were independent risk factors, while learning was a protective factor. Conclusion College students should pay enough attention to ME/CFS, improve their understanding of ME/CFS, and improve people's ability to understand ME/CFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunbing Luo
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- The Third People’s Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Huanggang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huanggang, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Change Xiong
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Piyong Zhai
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guiping Wang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianhua Tan
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengjun Jiao
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiao Yu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuhao Qiao
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Shuqi Ren
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianbo Zhan
- Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Dietary supplements, daily nutrient intake, and health-related quality of life among people with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Proc Nutr Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s0029665122001057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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A new l-glutaminase from Kosakonia sp.: extracellular production, gene identification and structural analysis. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-020-00682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Food Implications in Central Sensitization Syndromes. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9124106. [PMID: 33352747 PMCID: PMC7766296 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia (FM), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) are some of the central sensitization syndromes (CSSs). The complexity of their diagnosis, the high interindividual heterogeneity and the existence of multi-syndromic patients requires a multifaceted treatment. The scientific literature is contradictory regarding the role of food in CSS, and evidence on the role of nutrition in MCS is particularly scarce. This review consists in gathering information about the current status of dietary recommendations (i.e., special dietary interventions, the role of additives, presence of micronutrient deficiencies, nutritional supplements and elimination of other nutrients and substances) and discussing the scientific evidence in depth to shed light on appropriate nutritional treatment managements for CSS patients. Current indications show that dietary modifications may vastly improve the patients’ quality of life at a low cost. We suggest personalized treatment, taking into consideration the severity of the disease symptoms, quality of life, coexistence with other diseases, pharmacological treatment, changing clinical characteristics, nutritional status, energy requirements and food tolerances, among others, as the best ways to tailor specific dietary interventions. These approaches will partially overcome the lack of scientific and clinical research on MSC. Patients should also be advised on the serious consequences of following dietary guidelines without a dietitian’s and clinician’s supervision.
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Hong J, Bhat OM, Li G, Dempsey SK, Zhang Q, Ritter JK, Li W, Li PL. Lysosomal regulation of extracellular vesicle excretion during d-ribose-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in podocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:849-860. [PMID: 30771382 PMCID: PMC6800119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in the cytoplasm of cells and its products such as IL-1β are exported through a non-classical ER-Golgi pathway. Several mechanistically distinct models including exocytosis of secretory lysosomes, microvesicles (MVs) and extracellular vehicles (EVs) have been proposed for their release. In this study, we hypothesized that the NLRP3 inflammasome product, IL-1β in response to exogenously administrated and endogenously produced D-ribose stimulation is released via extracellular vesicles including EVs via a sphingolipid-mediated molecular mechanisms controlling lysosome and multivesicular body (MVB) interaction. First, we demonstrated that both endogenous and exogenous D-ribose induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation to produce IL-1β, which was released via EVs in podocytes. Then, we found that colocalization of marker MVB marker VPS16 with IL-1β within podocytes increased upon D-ribose stimulation, which was accompanied by decreased colocalization of lysosome marker Lamp-1 and VPS16, suggesting decrease in MVB inclusion of IL-1β due to reduced lysosome and MVB interaction. All these changes were mimicked and accelerated by lysosome v-ATPase inhibitor, bafilomycin. Moreover, ceramide in podocytes was found elevated upon D-ribose stimulation, and prior treatments of podocyte with acid sphingomyelinase (Asm) inhibitor, amitriptyline, acid ceramidase (AC) inducer, genistein, or AC CRISPR/cas9 activation plasmids were found to decrease D-ribose-induced ceramide accumulation, EVs release and IL-1β secretion due to reduced interactions of lysosome with MVBs. These results suggest that inflammasome-derived products such as IL-1β during D-ribose stimulation are released via EVs, in which lysosomal sphingolipid-mediated regulation of lysosome function plays an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinni Hong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States of America; Integrated Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Owais M Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States of America
| | - Guangbi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States of America
| | - Sara K Dempsey
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States of America
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States of America
| | - Joseph K Ritter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States of America
| | - Weiwei Li
- Integrated Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, United States of America.
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Germain A, Ruppert D, Levine SM, Hanson MR. Prospective Biomarkers from Plasma Metabolomics of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Implicate Redox Imbalance in Disease Symptomatology. Metabolites 2018; 8:metabo8040090. [PMID: 30563204 PMCID: PMC6315598 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) is a disease of enigmatic origin with no established cure. Its constellation of symptoms has silently ruined the lives of millions of people around the world. A plethora of hypotheses have been vainly investigated over the past few decades, so that the biological basis of this debilitating condition remains a mystery. In this study, we investigate whether there is a disturbance in homeostasis of metabolic networks in the plasma of a female 32-patient cohort compared to 19 healthy female controls. Extensive analysis of the 832-metabolite dataset generated by Metabolon®, covering eight biological classes, generated important insight into metabolic disruptions that occur in ME/CFS. We report on 14 metabolites with differences in abundance, allowing us to develop a theory of broad redox imbalance in ME/CFS patients, which is consistent with findings of prior work in the ME/CFS field. Moreover, exploration of enrichment analysis using www.MetaboAnalyst.ca provides information concerning similarities between metabolite disruptions in ME/CFS and those that occur in other diseases, while its biomarker analysis unit yielded prospective plasma biomarkers for ME/CFS. This work contributes key elements to the development of ME/CFS diagnostics, a crucial step required for discovering a therapy for any disease of unknown origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnaud Germain
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - David Ruppert
- Department of Statistical Science and School of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Susan M Levine
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| | - Maureen R Hanson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Bjørklund G, Dadar M, Pen JJ, Chirumbolo S, Aaseth J. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS): Suggestions for a nutritional treatment in the therapeutic approach. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:1000-1007. [PMID: 30551349 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is known as a multi-systemic and complex illness, which induces fatigue and long-term disability in educational, occupational, social, or personal activities. The diagnosis of this disease is difficult, due to lacking a proper and suited diagnostic laboratory test, besides to its multifaceted symptoms. Numerous factors, including environmental and immunological issues, and a large spectrum of CFS symptoms, have recently been reported. In this review, we focus on the nutritional intervention in CFS, discussing the many immunological, environmental, and nutritional aspects currently investigated about this disease. Changes in immunoglobulin levels, cytokine profiles and B- and T- cell phenotype and declined cytotoxicity of natural killer cells, are commonly reported features of immune dysregulation in CFS. Also, some nutrient deficiencies (vitamin C, vitamin B complex, sodium, magnesium, zinc, folic acid, l-carnitine, l-tryptophan, essential fatty acids, and coenzyme Q10) appear to be important in the severity and exacerbation of CFS symptoms. This review highlights a far-driven analysis of mineral and vitamin deficiencies among CFS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway.
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway; Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway
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Mahoney DE, Hiebert JB, Thimmesch A, Pierce JT, Vacek JL, Clancy RL, Sauer AJ, Pierce JD. Understanding D-Ribose and Mitochondrial Function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 6:1-5. [PMID: 29780691 PMCID: PMC5959283 DOI: 10.7575/aiac.abcmed.v.6n.1p.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important organelles referred to as cellular powerhouses for their unique properties of cellular energy production. With many pathologic conditions and aging, mitochondrial function declines, and there is a reduction in the production of adenosine triphosphate. The energy carrying molecule generated by cellular respiration and by pentose phosphate pathway, an alternative pathway of glucose metabolism. D-ribose is a naturally occurring monosaccharide found in the cells and particularly in the mitochondria is essential in energy production. Without sufficient energy, cells cannot maintain integrity and function. Supplemental D-ribose has been shown to improve cellular processes when there is mitochondrial dysfunction. When individuals take supplemental D-ribose, it can bypass part of the pentose pathway to produce D-ribose-5-phosphate for the production of energy. In this article, we review how energy is produced by cellular respiration, the pentose pathway, and the use of supplemental D-ribose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Mahoney
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - John B Hiebert
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - Amanda Thimmesch
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - John T Pierce
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | | | - Richard L Clancy
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
| | - Andrew J Sauer
- Center for Advanced Heart Failure and Heart Transplantation, Kansas, US
| | - Janet D Pierce
- University of Kansas Medical Center, School of Nursing, Kansas, US
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