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Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang W, Yuan Z, Lv S, Zhang J. NLRP3 Inflammasome: a Novel Insight into Heart Failure. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2023; 16:166-176. [PMID: 35697978 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10286-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Among numerous cardiovascular diseases, heart failure is a final and fatal stage, and its morbidity, mortality, and rehospitalization rate remain high, which reduces the exercise tolerance of patients and brings great medical burden and economic pressure to the society. Inflammation takes on a major influence in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of heart failure (HF). The NLRP3 inflammasome is a key node in a chronic inflammatory response, which can accelerate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, leading to the inflammatory response. Therefore, whether it is possible to suppress the downstream factors of NLRP3 inflammasome and its signaling path is expected to provide a new intervention mediator for the therapy of heart failure. This article synopsizes the research progress of NLRP3 inflammasome in heart failure, to provide a reference for clinical treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study explored the downstream factors of NLRP3 inflammasome and its signal pathway. Targeted drug therapy for NLRP3 inflammasome is expected to provide a new intervention target for the treatment of heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiao Wang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Yanyang Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wanqin Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Zhuo Yuan
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Shichao Lv
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Junping Zhang
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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2
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Toldo S, Mezzaroma E, Buckley LF, Potere N, Di Nisio M, Biondi-Zoccai G, Van Tassell BW, Abbate A. Targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 236:108053. [PMID: 34906598 PMCID: PMC9187780 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The NACHT, leucine-rich repeat (LRR), and pyrin domain (PYD)-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is an intracellular sensing protein complex that plays a major role in innate immunity. Following tissue injury, activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome results in cytokine production, primarily interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-18, and, eventually, inflammatory cell death - pyroptosis. While a balanced inflammatory response favors damage resolution and tissue healing, excessive NLRP3 activation causes detrimental effects. A key involvement of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been reported across a wide range of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Several pharmacological agents selectively targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome system have been developed and tested in animals and early phase human studies with overall promising results. While the NLRP3 inhibitors are in clinical development, multiple randomized trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of IL-1 blockade in atherothrombosis, heart failure and recurrent pericarditis. Furthermore, the non-selective NLRP3 inhibitor colchicine has been recently shown to significantly reduce cardiovascular events in patients with chronic coronary disease. In this review, we will outline the mechanisms driving NLRP3 assembly and activation, and discuss the pathogenetic role of the NLRP3 inflammasome in CVDs, providing an overview of the current and future therapeutic approaches targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Toldo
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Eleonora Mezzaroma
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcome Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Leo F Buckley
- Department of Pharmacy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicola Potere
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marcello Di Nisio
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Biondi-Zoccai
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy; Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Benjamin W Van Tassell
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcome Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Antonio Abbate
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA; Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
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Scott TE, Qin CX, Drummond GR, Hobbs AJ, Kemp-Harper BK. Innovative Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-resolving Strategies for Pulmonary Hypertension: High Blood Pressure Research Council of Australia Award 2019. Hypertension 2021; 78:1168-1184. [PMID: 34565184 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension is a rare, ostensibly incurable, and etiologically diverse disease with an unacceptably high 5-year mortality rate (≈50%), worse than many cancers. Irrespective of pathogenic origin, dysregulated immune processes underlie pulmonary hypertension pathobiology, particularly pertaining to pulmonary vascular remodeling. As such, a variety of proinflammatory pathways have been mooted as novel therapeutic targets. One such pathway involves the family of innate immune regulators known as inflammasomes. In addition, a new and emerging concept is differentiating between anti-inflammatory approaches versus those that promote pro-resolving pathways. This review will briefly introduce inflammasomes and examine recent literature concerning their role in pulmonary hypertension. Moreover, it will explore the difference between inflammation-suppressing and pro-resolution approaches and how this links to inflammasomes. Finally, we will investigate new avenues for targeting inflammation in pulmonary hypertension via more targeted anti-inflammatory or inflammation resolving strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara E Scott
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute (T.E.S., B.K.K.-H.), Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia and Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (T.E.S., C.X.Q.), Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Cheng Xue Qin
- Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia and Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (T.E.S., C.X.Q.), Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (C.X.Q.)
| | - Grant R Drummond
- Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia (G.R.D.)
| | - Adrian J Hobbs
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (A.J.H.)
| | - Barbara K Kemp-Harper
- Department of Pharmacology, Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute (T.E.S., B.K.K.-H.), Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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4
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Mezzaroma E, Abbate A, Toldo S. NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitors in Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:976. [PMID: 33673188 PMCID: PMC7917621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtually all types of cardiovascular diseases are associated with pathological activation of the innate immune system. The NACHT, leucine-rich repeat (LRR), and pyrin domain (PYD)-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a protein complex that functions as a platform for rapid induction of the inflammatory response to infection or sterile injury. NLRP3 is an intracellular sensor that is sensitive to danger signals, such as ischemia and extracellular or intracellular alarmins during tissue injury. The NLRP3 inflammasome is regulated by the presence of damage-associated molecular patterns and initiates or amplifies inflammatory response through the production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and/or IL-18. NLRP3 activation regulates cell survival through the activity of caspase-1 and gasdermin-D. The development of NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors has opened the possibility to targeting the deleterious effects of NLRP3. Here, we examine the scientific evidence supporting a role for NLRP3 and the effects of inhibitors in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Mezzaroma
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (E.M.); (A.A.)
- Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Antonio Abbate
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (E.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Stefano Toldo
- VCU Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA; (E.M.); (A.A.)
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Papoušek F, Sedmera D, Neckář J, Ošťádal B, Kolář F. Left ventricular function and remodelling in rats exposed stepwise up to extreme chronic intermittent hypoxia. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 282:103526. [PMID: 32805421 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The main aim was to find out whether long-lasting stepwise exposure to extreme hypoxia affects left ventricular (LV) geometry and systolic function. Adult male rats were exposed to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (8 h/day) with increasing altitude in steps of 1000 m every 3 weeks up to 8000 m. While the LV cavity diastolic diameter did not change over the whole range of hypoxia, the wall thickness increased significantly at the altitude of 8000 m. LV fractional shortening ranged between 48.1 % and 50.1 % and remained unaffected even at the most severe hypoxia. At the end of experiment, haematocrit reached 83 %, mean systemic arterial pressure 120 % and relative LV weight 154 % of normoxic values while RV systolic pressure and relative RV weight doubled. Myocyte hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis were more pronounced in RV than in LV. In conclusion, LV systolic function was preserved after chronic stepwise exposure of rats to extreme intermittent hypoxia despite moderate concentric hypertrophy and myocardial remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- František Papoušek
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Sedmera
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Neckář
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bohuslav Ošťádal
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Kolář
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Mühl H, Bachmann M. IL-18/IL-18BP and IL-22/IL-22BP: Two interrelated couples with therapeutic potential. Cell Signal 2019; 63:109388. [PMID: 31401146 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-22 are key components of cytokine networks that play a decisive role in (pathological) inflammation, host defense, and tissue regeneration. Tight regulation of cytokine-driven signaling, inflammation, and immunoactivation is supposed to enable nullification of a given deleterious trigger without mediating overwhelming collateral tissue damage or even activating a cancerous face of regeneration. In fact, feedback regulation by specific cytokine opponents is regarded as a major means by which the immune system is kept in balance. Herein, we shine a light on the interplay between IL-18 and IL-22 and their opponents IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) and IL-22BP in order to provide integrated information on their biology, pathophysiological significance, and prospect as targets and/or instruments of therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Mühl
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern- Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Malte Bachmann
- pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, University Hospital Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern- Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Chen JJ, Ma WM, Yuan JL, Cui LQ. PM2.5 exposure aggravates left heart failure induced pulmonary hypertension. Acta Cardiol 2019; 74:238-244. [PMID: 30348056 DOI: 10.1080/00015385.2018.1488568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Aim: Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure is high risk to cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the influence of PM2.5 exposure on pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) murine model induced by left ventricular (LV) failure. Methods: Thirty 10 weeks old C57BL/6 mice were randomised to four groups: sham group, sham + PM2.5 group, TAC group, and TAC + PM2.5 group. Eight weeks post TAC surgery, right ventricular (RV) and lung remodelling (Sirius Red staining and WGA Staining), heart and lung function (EF and RVSBP), and fibrotic genes (TGF-ti mRNA expression and collagen III protein level in lung tissue were measured. Results: Exposure to PM2.5 augments TAC induced PAH as evidenced by decreased EF value and increased RVSBP, RV cardiomyocytes size, RV and lung fibrosis, and upregulated expression of collagen III and TGF-a in comparison to TAC group in lung tissues. Even the LV EF value was deceased from 79.3 ± 3.4% to 63.4 ± 2.1% when sham group exposed to PM2.5, PM2.5 exposure had no effect on RVSBP, RV cardiomyocytes' size, RV weight/tibia length, RV and lung fibrosis, and expression of collagen III and TGF-a in sham surgery mice. Conclusions: Exposure to PM2.5 aggravates deterioration of LV failure induced PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wen-Ming Ma
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Jing-Liang Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shouguang People's Hospital, Shouguang, China
| | - Lian-Qun Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
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8
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Chien Y, Chien CS, Chiang HC, Huang WL, Chou SJ, Chang WC, Chang YL, Leu HB, Chen KH, Wang KL, Lai YH, Liu YY, Lu KH, Li HY, Sung YJ, Jong YJ, Chen YJ, Chen CH, Yu WC. Interleukin-18 deteriorates Fabry cardiomyopathy and contributes to the development of left ventricular hypertrophy in Fabry patients with GLA IVS4+919 G>A mutation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:87161-87179. [PMID: 27888626 PMCID: PMC5349979 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE A high incidence of GLA IVS4+919 G>A mutation in patients with Fabry disease of the later-onset cardiac phenotype, has been reported in Taiwan. However, suitable biomarkers or potential therapeutic surrogates for Fabry cardiomyopathy (FC) in such patients under enzyme replacement treatment (ERT) remain unknown. OBJECTIVE Using FC patients carrying IVS4+919 G>A mutation, we constructed an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based disease model to investigate the pathogenetic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in ERT-treated FC. RESULTS AND METHODS The iPSC-differentiated cardiomyocytes derived from FC-patients (FC-iPSC-CMs) carried IVS4+919 G>A mutation recapitulating FC characteristics, including low α-galactosidase A enzyme activity, cellular hypertrophy, and massive globotriaosylceramide accumulation. Microarray analysis revealed that interleukin-18 (IL-18), a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various myocardial diseases, was the most highly upregulated marker in FC-iPSC-CMs. Meanwhile, IL-18 levels were found to be significantly elevated in the culture media of FC-iPSC-CMs and patients' sera. Notably, the serum IL-18 levels were highly paralleled with the progression of left ventricular hypertrophy in Fabry patients receiving ERT. Finally, using FC-iPSC-CMs as in vitro FC model, neutralization of IL-18 with specific antibodies combined with ERT synergistically reduced the secretion of IL-18 and the progression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in FC-iPSC-CMs. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that cardiac IL-18 and circulating IL-18 are involved in the pathogenesis of FC and LVH. IL-18 may be a novel marker for evaluating ERT efficacy, and targeting IL-18 might be a potential adjunctive therapy combined with ERT for the treatment of advanced cardiomyopathy in FC patients with IVS4+919 G>A mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Shiu Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Chih Chiang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Jie Chou
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chao Chang
- Graduate Institute of Cancer Biology and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University and Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lih Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Pharmacology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Bang Leu
- Division of Cardiology & Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Ling Wang
- Division of Cardiology & Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Yung-Yang Liu
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Hsi Lu
- Department of Medical Research, Cheng-Hsin Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yang Li
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Jen Sung
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Jyh Jong
- College of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yann-Jang Chen
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsuan Chen
- Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Yu
- Division of Cardiology & Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Shi J, Dai W, Kloner RA. Therapeutic Hypothermia Reduces the Inflammatory Response Following Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rat Hearts. Ther Hypothermia Temp Manag 2017; 7:162-170. [PMID: 28338422 DOI: 10.1089/ther.2016.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is known to protect against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. One mechanism of I/R injury includes secondary injury due to the inflammatory cascade. We hypothesized that TH reduces the inflammatory response following I/R injury. Rats were randomized to sham, normothermic, or hypothermic groups and subjected to 1 hour of coronary artery occlusion and 48 hours of reperfusion. Hypothermia was initiated, using the ThermoSuit® device, 2 minutes after the onset of coronary artery occlusion to a core temperature of 32°C, and then the rats were allowed to rewarm. After 48 hours, rats in the hypothermia group demonstrated a preserved left ventricular fractional shortening by echocardiography. TH decreased the inflammatory cytokines in the risk zone of the heart, which included monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression, and altered expression of the remodeling genes of matrix metalloproteinase and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase. Furthermore, rat inflammatory cytokines & receptors PCR array was performed and the data showed that 71 out of 84 genes were upregulated in the risk zone of normothermia hearts versus shams. The upregulation was largely reversed in the risk zone of hypothermia hearts compared to normothermia. TH preserves cardiac function, decreases excessive inflammatory gene expression, and regulates myocardial matrix remodeling related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianru Shi
- 1 Huntington Medical Research Institutes , Pasadena, California.,2 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Wangde Dai
- 1 Huntington Medical Research Institutes , Pasadena, California.,2 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Robert A Kloner
- 1 Huntington Medical Research Institutes , Pasadena, California.,2 Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine of the Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California
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Breen EC, Scadeng M, Lai NC, Murray F, Bigby TD. Functional magnetic resonance imaging for in vivo quantification of pulmonary hypertension in the Sugen 5416/hypoxia mouse. Exp Physiol 2017; 102:347-353. [PMID: 27897352 DOI: 10.1113/ep086067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Non-invasive, quantitative methods to assess right cardiac function in mice with pulmonary hypertension have not been demonstrated. What is the main finding and its importance? This study shows the potential of magnetic resonance imaging to estimate right ventricular ejection fraction and measure spatial, dynamic changes in cardiac structure in the Sugen 5416/hypoxia mouse model of pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressures and right heart failure. Mouse models of PAH are instrumental in understanding the disease pathophysiology. However, few methods are available to evaluate right cardiac function in small animals. In this study, magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure in vivo cardiac dimensions in the Sugen 5416/hypoxia mouse model. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) was induced in C57BL/6 mice by 3 weeks of exposure to 10% oxygen and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibition (20 mg kg-1 SU5416). Control mice were housed in room air and received vehicle (DMSO). Right ventricular pressures were recorded with a pressure-conductance transducer. Short-axis contiguous 1-mm-thick slices were acquired through the heart and great vessels using a fast low-angle shot (FLASH)-cine sequence. Thirteen images were collected throughout each cardiac cycle. Right ventricular systolic pressure was elevated in PH mice (23.6 ± 6 versus 41.0 ± 11 mmHg, control versus PH, respectively; P < 0.001, n = 5-11). Right ventricular wall thickness was greater in PH than in control mice at end diastole (0.30 ± 0.05 versus 0.48 ± 0.06 mm, control versus PH, respectively; P < 0.01, n = 6), but measurements were not different at end systole (control versus PH, 0.59 ± 0.11 versus 0.70 ± 0.11 mm, respectively). Right ventricular ejection fraction was decreased in PH mice (72 ± 3 versus 58 ± 5%, control versus PH, respectively; P < 0.04, n = 6). These data demonstrate that magnetic resonance imaging is a precise method to monitor right ventricular remodelling and cardiac output longitudinally in mouse models of PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen C Breen
- Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Miriam Scadeng
- Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - N Chin Lai
- Pulmonary & Critical Care, Veterans Administration San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Timothy D Bigby
- Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Pulmonary & Critical Care, Veterans Administration San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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11
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Duarte JD, Desai AA, Sysol JR, Abbasi T, Patel AR, Lang RM, Gupta A, Garcia JGN, Gordeuk VR, Machado RF. Genome-Wide Analysis Identifies IL-18 and FUCA2 as Novel Genes Associated with Diastolic Function in African Americans with Sickle Cell Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163013. [PMID: 27636371 PMCID: PMC5026353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diastolic dysfunction is common in sickle cell disease (SCD), and is associated with an increased risk of mortality. However, the molecular pathogenesis underlying this development is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify a gene expression profile that is associated with diastolic function in SCD, potentially elucidating molecular mechanisms behind diastolic dysfunction development. METHODS Diastolic function was measured via echocardiography in 65 patients with SCD from two independent study populations. Gene expression microarray data was compared with diastolic function in both study cohorts. Candidate genes that associated in both analyses were tested for validation in a murine SCD model. Lastly, genotyping array data from the replication cohort was used to derive cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTLs) and genetic associations within the candidate gene regions. RESULTS Transcriptome data from both patient cohorts implicated 7 genes associated with diastolic function, and mouse SCD myocardial expression validated 3 of these genes. Genetic associations and eQTLs were detected in 2 of the 3 genes, FUCA2 and IL18. CONCLUSIONS FUCA2 and IL18 are associated with diastolic function in SCD patients, and may be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. Genetic polymorphisms within the FUCA2 and IL18 gene regions are also associated with diastolic function in SCD, likely by affecting expression levels of the genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio D. Duarte
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Ankit A. Desai
- Division of Cardiology, Sarver Heart Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Justin R. Sysol
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Taimur Abbasi
- Department of Medicine, Mercy Hospital and Medical Center, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Amit R. Patel
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL United States of America
| | - Roberto M. Lang
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL United States of America
| | - Akash Gupta
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States of America
| | - Victor R. Gordeuk
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Roberto F. Machado
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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12
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Persson PB. Time is of the essence. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2016; 217:97-8. [PMID: 27084270 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P B Persson
- Institut für vegetative Physiologie, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
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