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Gos A, Steiner J, Trübner K, Ungewickell J, Mawrin C, Karnecki K, Kaliszan M, Gos T. Inverse pattern of GABAergic system impairment in the external versus internal globus pallidus in male heroin addicts. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:445-452. [PMID: 37507486 PMCID: PMC10914887 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01656-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Opioid addiction is a global problem that has been exacerbated in the USA and Europe by the COVID-19 pandemic. The globus pallidus (GP) plays a prominent neurobiological role in the regulation of behaviour as an output station of the striato-pallidal system. GABAergic large projection neurons are the main neuronal type in the external (EGP) and internal (IGP) parts of the GP, where addiction-specific molecular and functional abnormalities occur. In these neurons, glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) with isoforms GAD 65 and 67 is a key enzyme in GABA synthesis, and experimental studies suggest GAD dysregulation in the GP of heroin addicts. Our study, which was performed on paraffin-embedded brains from the Magdeburg Brain Bank, aimed to investigate abnormalities in the GABAergic function of large GP neurons by densitometric evaluation of their GAD 65/67-immunostained thick dendrites. The study revealed a bilaterally decreased fibres density in the EGP paralleled by the increase in the IGP in 11 male heroin addicts versus 11 healthy controls (significant U-test P values). The analysis of confounding variables found no interference of age, brain volume, and duration of formalin fixation with the results. Our findings suggest a dysregulation of GABAergic activity in the GP of heroin addicts, which is consistent with experimental data from animal models and plays potentially a role in the disturbed function of basal ganglia circuit in opioid addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Gos
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto Von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto Von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kurt Trübner
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jonas Ungewickell
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto Von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christian Mawrin
- Department of Neuropathology, Otto Von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karol Karnecki
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Ul. Dębowa 23, 80-204, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Kaliszan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Ul. Dębowa 23, 80-204, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gos
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto Von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Ul. Dębowa 23, 80-204, Gdańsk, Poland.
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2
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Cao L, Yin J, Du G, Yang Q, Huang Y. Identifying and verifying Huntington's disease subtypes: Clinical features, neuroimaging, and cytokine changes. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3469. [PMID: 38494708 PMCID: PMC10945031 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with heterogeneous clinical manifestations. Identifying distinct clinical clusters and their relevant biomarkers could elucidate the underlying disease pathophysiology. METHODS Following the Enroll-HD program initiated in 2018.09, we have recruited 104 HD patients (including 21 premanifest) and 31 health controls at Beijing Tiantan Hospital. Principal components analysis and k-means cluster analysis were performed to determine HD clusters. Chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and covariance were used to identify features among these clusters. Furthermore, plasma cytokines levels and brain structural imaging were used as biomarkers to delineate the clinical features of each cluster. RESULTS Three clusters were identified. Cluster 1 demonstrated the most severe motor and nonmotor symptoms except for chorea, the lowest whole brain volume, the plasma levels of IL-2 were higher and significantly associated with cluster 1. Cluster 2 was characterized with the most severe chorea and the largest pallidum volume. Cluster 3 had the most benign motor symptoms but moderate psychiatric problems. CONCLUSION We have identified three HD clusters via clinical manifestations with distinct biomarkers. Our data shed light on better understanding about the pathophysiology of HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling‐Xiao Cao
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jin‐Hui Yin
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Gang Du
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurologyThe Third People's Hospital of Longgang DistrictShenzhenChina
| | - Qing Yang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yue Huang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological DiseasesBeijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Department of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
- Pharmacology Department, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUNSW SydneySydneyAustralia
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3
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Wilton DK, Mastro K, Heller MD, Gergits FW, Willing CR, Fahey JB, Frouin A, Daggett A, Gu X, Kim YA, Faull RLM, Jayadev S, Yednock T, Yang XW, Stevens B. Microglia and complement mediate early corticostriatal synapse loss and cognitive dysfunction in Huntington's disease. Nat Med 2023; 29:2866-2884. [PMID: 37814059 PMCID: PMC10667107 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02566-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating monogenic neurodegenerative disease characterized by early, selective pathology in the basal ganglia despite the ubiquitous expression of mutant huntingtin. The molecular mechanisms underlying this region-specific neuronal degeneration and how these relate to the development of early cognitive phenotypes are poorly understood. Here we show that there is selective loss of synaptic connections between the cortex and striatum in postmortem tissue from patients with HD that is associated with the increased activation and localization of complement proteins, innate immune molecules, to these synaptic elements. We also found that levels of these secreted innate immune molecules are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of premanifest HD patients and correlate with established measures of disease burden.In preclinical genetic models of HD, we show that complement proteins mediate the selective elimination of corticostriatal synapses at an early stage in disease pathogenesis, marking them for removal by microglia, the brain's resident macrophage population. This process requires mutant huntingtin to be expressed in both cortical and striatal neurons. Inhibition of this complement-dependent elimination mechanism through administration of a therapeutically relevant C1q function-blocking antibody or genetic ablation of a complement receptor on microglia prevented synapse loss, increased excitatory input to the striatum and rescued the early development of visual discrimination learning and cognitive flexibility deficits in these models. Together, our findings implicate microglia and the complement cascade in the selective, early degeneration of corticostriatal synapses and the development of cognitive deficits in presymptomatic HD; they also provide new preclinical data to support complement as a therapeutic target for early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K Wilton
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US.
| | - Kevin Mastro
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US
| | - Molly D Heller
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US
| | - Frederick W Gergits
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US
| | - Carly Rose Willing
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US
| | - Jaclyn B Fahey
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US
| | - Arnaud Frouin
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US
| | - Anthony Daggett
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Gu
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yejin A Kim
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US
| | - Richard L M Faull
- Department of Anatomy with Radiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Suman Jayadev
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ted Yednock
- Annexon Biosciences, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - X William Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Jane and Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Beth Stevens
- F. M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, US.
- Stanley Center, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Klem L, Nielsen MM, Gestsdóttir SB, Frandsen SL, Prichardt S, Andreasen JT. Assessing attention and impulsivity in the variable stimulus duration and variable intertrial interval rodent continuous performance test schedules using dopamine receptor antagonists in female C57BL/6JRj mice. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:1651-1666. [PMID: 37378887 PMCID: PMC10349733 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dopaminergic dysfunction is implicated in disorders of impulsivity and inattention. The rodent continuous performance test (rCPT) has been used to quantify changes in attention and impulsivity. OBJECTIVE To examine the roles of dopamine receptors in attention and impulsivity behaviours measured in the rCPT variable stimulus duration (vSD) and the variable intertrial interval schedules (vITI) using DA receptor antagonists. METHODS Two cohorts of 35 and 36 female C57BL/6JRj mice were examined separately in the rCPT, vSD, and vITI schedules, respectively. Both cohorts received antagonists of the following receptors: D1/5 (SCH23390, SCH: 0.01, 0.02, 0.04 mg/kg) and D2/3 (raclopride, RAC 0.03, 0.10, 0.30 mg/kg) in consecutive balanced Latin square designs with flanking reference measurements. The antagonists were subsequently examined for effects on locomotor activity. RESULTS SCH showed similar effects in both schedules, and the effects were reference-dependent in the vITI schedule. SCH reduced responding, but improved response accuracy, impulsivity, discriminability, and locomotor activity. RAC showed mixed effects on responsivity, but improved accuracy and discriminability. The discriminability improvement was driven by an increase in hit rate in the vITI schedule and a reduction in false alarm rate in the vSD schedule. RAC also decreased locomotor activity. CONCLUSION Both D1/5 and D2/3 receptor antagonism reduced responding, but the outcome on discriminability differed, stemming from individual effects on hit and false alarm rate, and the weight of omissions within the calculation. The effects of SCH and RAC suggest that endogenous DA increases responding and impulsivity, but reduces accuracy and shows mixed effects on discriminability.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Klem
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M M Nielsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S B Gestsdóttir
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S L Frandsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Prichardt
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J T Andreasen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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5
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Lidauer K, Pulli EP, Copeland A, Silver E, Kumpulainen V, Hashempour N, Merisaari H, Saunavaara J, Parkkola R, Lähdesmäki T, Saukko E, Nolvi S, Kataja EL, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Tuulari JJ. Subcortical and hippocampal brain segmentation in 5-year-old children: validation of FSL-FIRST and FreeSurfer against manual segmentation. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4619-4641. [PMID: 35799402 PMCID: PMC9543285 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Developing accurate subcortical volumetric quantification tools is crucial for neurodevelopmental studies, as they could reduce the need for challenging and time‐consuming manual segmentation. In this study, the accuracy of two automated segmentation tools, FSL‐FIRST (with three different boundary correction settings) and FreeSurfer, were compared against manual segmentation of the hippocampus and subcortical nuclei, including the amygdala, thalamus, putamen, globus pallidus, caudate and nucleus accumbens, using volumetric and correlation analyses in 80 5‐year‐olds. Both FSL‐FIRST and FreeSurfer overestimated the volume on all structures except the caudate, and the accuracy varied depending on the structure. Small structures such as the amygdala and nucleus accumbens, which are visually difficult to distinguish, produced significant overestimations and weaker correlations with all automated methods. Larger and more readily distinguishable structures such as the caudate and putamen produced notably lower overestimations and stronger correlations. Overall, the segmentations performed by FSL‐FIRST's default pipeline were the most accurate, whereas FreeSurfer's results were weaker across the structures. In line with prior studies, the accuracy of automated segmentation tools was imperfect with respect to manually defined structures. However, apart from amygdala and nucleus accumbens, FSL‐FIRST's agreement could be considered satisfactory (Pearson correlation > 0.74, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.68 and Dice score coefficient (DSC) > 0.87) with highest values for the striatal structures (putamen, globus pallidus, caudate) (Pearson correlation > 0.77, ICC > 0.87 and DSC > 0.88, respectively). Overall, automated segmentation tools do not always provide satisfactory results, and careful visual inspection of the automated segmentations is strongly advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Lidauer
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Elmo P Pulli
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anni Copeland
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eero Silver
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Venla Kumpulainen
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Niloofar Hashempour
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Merisaari
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.,Department of Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jani Saunavaara
- Department of Medical Physics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Riitta Parkkola
- Department of Radiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tuire Lähdesmäki
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ekaterina Saukko
- Department of Radiology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Nolvi
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.,Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eeva-Leena Kataja
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jetro J Tuulari
- The FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and Technology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, UK (Sigrid Juselius Fellowship), United Kingdom
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6
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Xu YL, Wang XY, Chen J, Kang M, Wang YX, Zhang LJ, Shu HY, Liao XL, Zou J, Wei H, Ling Q, Shao Y. Altered Spontaneous Brain Activity Patterns of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction in Severely Obese Population Measured Using the Fractional Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuations. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:914039. [PMID: 35633781 PMCID: PMC9130486 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.914039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Utilizing the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) technique, this study sought to correlate spontaneous cerebral abnormalities with the clinical manifestations of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in severely obese (SO) population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Twelve MGD patients in SO population (PATs) (4 males and 8 females) and twelve healthy controls (HCs) (6 males and 6 females) matched by gender and age were enrolled. Every participant underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-MRI) scanning. Spontaneous cerebral activity alterations were examined using the fALFF method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to classify the medial fALFF values of the PATs and HCs. PATs were also asked to complete anxiety and depression score forms, permitting a correlation analysis. RESULTS In contrast with HCs, PATs had prominently increased fALFF values in the left lingual gyrus, the right globus pallidus, the right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri and the left middle occipital lobe (P < 0.05), and decreased fALFF values in the right cerebellum, the left fusiform gyrus, the right medial orbitofrontal gyrus, the left triangle inferior frontal gyrus and the left inferior parietal gyrus (P < 0.05). The results of the ROC curve indicated that changes in regional fALFF values might help diagnose MGD in SO population. Moreover, fALFF values in the right cerebellum of PATs were positively correlated with hospital anxiety and depression scores (HADS) (r = 0.723, P = 0.008). The fALFF values in the left triangle inferior frontal gyrus of PAT were negatively correlated with HADS (r = -0.651, P = 0.022). CONCLUSIONS Aberrant spontaneous activity was observed in multiple regions of the cerebrum, offering helpful information about the pathology of MGD in SO population. Aberrant fALFF values in these regions likely relates to the latent pathologic mechanisms of anomalous cerebral activities in PATs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ling Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Min Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi-Xin Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Li-Juan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hui-Ye Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xu-Lin Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jie Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qian Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Shao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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7
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Pallidal functional connectivity changes are associated with disgust recognition in pure motor amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. NEUROIMAGE: CLINICAL 2022; 35:103145. [PMID: 36002963 PMCID: PMC9421543 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In cognitively normal ALS, we detected early difficulties in recognizing disgust. Pallidum functional connectivity (FC) alterations occur in pure-motor ALS patients. Reduced left pallidum-temporal FC is linked to altered disgust recognition.
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the resting-state functional connectivity (RS-FC) of the globus pallidus (GP) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) compared to healthy controls, and the relationship between RS-FC changes and disgust recognition. Twenty-six pure-motor ALS patients and 52 healthy controls underwent RS functional MRI and a neuropsychological assessment including the Comprehensive Affect Testing System. A seed-based RS-FC analysis was performed between the left and right GP and the rest of the brain and compared between groups. Correlations between RS-FC significant changes and subjects’ performance in recognizing disgust were tested. Compared to controls, patients were significantly less able to recognize disgust. In ALS compared to controls, the seed-based analysis showed: reduced RS-FC between bilateral GP and bilateral middle and superior frontal and middle cingulate gyri, and increased RS-FC between bilateral GP and bilateral postcentral, supramarginal and superior temporal gyri and Rolandic operculum. Decreased RS-FC was further observed between left GP and left middle and inferior temporal gyri and bilateral caudate; and increased RS-FC was also shown between right GP and left lingual and fusiform gyri. In patients and controls, lower performance in recognizing disgust correlated with reduced RS-FC between left GP and left middle and inferior temporal gyri. In pure-motor ALS patients, we demonstrated altered RS-FC between GP and the rest of the brain. The reduced left pallidum-temporo-striatal RS-FC may have a role in the lower ability of patients in recognizing disgust.
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8
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Brain activation elicited by acute stress: An ALE meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 132:706-724. [PMID: 34801579 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stress abounds in daily life and is closely related to psychiatric disease. Less is known about the neural basis for the gender differences in stress, and the common and specific neural mechanism for physiological and psychosocial stress. The current study obtained 141 stress-oriented neuroimaging experiments from 126 eligible articles and sorted them into nine types of neuroimaging datasets based on the combination of stress (general, physiological or psychosocial) and gender (overall, male or female). An activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis was conducted on each dataset to detect the spatial convergence of activations. A hierarchical clustering analysis was also conducted to uncover the relationship between the stress-induced paradigms and spatial distribution of brain activations. We found that the physiological stress and psychosocial stress showed common activation in the bilateral anterior insula and brainstem, but different activation likelihood in the bilateral insula, thalami, middle cingulate cortex, left fusiform gyri, and left amygdala. Men were more likely to activate the bilateral thalami during physiological stress, whereas women were more likely to activate the left amygdala during psychosocial stress. The activation patterns are more consistent among different physiological stress paradigms than psychosocial stress paradigms. Our results suggest that physiological stress and psychosocial stress activate common brain regions for movement and attentional regulation but different brain regions for sensory and affective processing.
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9
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Kinnunen KM, Schwarz AJ, Turner EC, Pustina D, Gantman EC, Gordon MF, Joules R, Mullin AP, Scahill RI, Georgiou-Karistianis N. Volumetric MRI-Based Biomarkers in Huntington's Disease: An Evidentiary Review. Front Neurol 2021; 12:712555. [PMID: 34621236 PMCID: PMC8490802 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.712555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal-dominant inherited neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by expansion of a CAG-repeat tract in the huntingtin gene and characterized by motor impairment, cognitive decline, and neuropsychiatric disturbances. Neuropathological studies show that disease progression follows a characteristic pattern of brain atrophy, beginning in the basal ganglia structures. The HD Regulatory Science Consortium (HD-RSC) brings together diverse stakeholders in the HD community—biopharmaceutical industry, academia, nonprofit, and patient advocacy organizations—to define and address regulatory needs to accelerate HD therapeutic development. Here, the Biomarker Working Group of the HD-RSC summarizes the cross-sectional evidence indicating that regional brain volumes, as measured by volumetric magnetic resonance imaging, are reduced in HD and are correlated with disease characteristics. We also evaluate the relationship between imaging measures and clinical change, their longitudinal change characteristics, and within-individual longitudinal associations of imaging with disease progression. This analysis will be valuable in assessing pharmacodynamics in clinical trials and supporting clinical outcome assessments to evaluate treatment effects on neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adam J Schwarz
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Ltd., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | - Dorian Pustina
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Emily C Gantman
- CHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, Princeton, NJ, United States
| | - Mark F Gordon
- Teva Pharmaceuticals, West Chester, PA, United States
| | | | - Ariana P Mullin
- Critical Path Institute, Tucson, AZ, United States.,Wave Life Sciences, Ltd., Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Rachael I Scahill
- Huntington's Disease Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- School of Psychological Sciences and Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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10
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Shuvaev SA, Tran NB, Stephenson-Jones M, Li B, Koulakov AA. Neural Networks With Motivation. Front Syst Neurosci 2021; 14:609316. [PMID: 33536879 PMCID: PMC7848953 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.609316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals rely on internal motivational states to make decisions. The role of motivational salience in decision making is in early stages of mathematical understanding. Here, we propose a reinforcement learning framework that relies on neural networks to learn optimal ongoing behavior for dynamically changing motivation values. First, we show that neural networks implementing Q-learning with motivational salience can navigate in environment with dynamic rewards without adjustments in synaptic strengths when the needs of an agent shift. In this setting, our networks may display elements of addictive behaviors. Second, we use a similar framework in hierarchical manager-agent system to implement a reinforcement learning algorithm with motivation that both infers motivational states and behaves. Finally, we show that, when trained in the Pavlovian conditioning setting, the responses of the neurons in our model resemble previously published neuronal recordings in the ventral pallidum, a basal ganglia structure involved in motivated behaviors. We conclude that motivation allows Q-learning networks to quickly adapt their behavior to conditions when expected reward is modulated by agent's dynamic needs. Our approach addresses the algorithmic rationale of motivation and makes a step toward better interpretability of behavioral data via inference of motivational dynamics in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A. Shuvaev
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
| | - Ngoc B. Tran
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
| | - Marcus Stephenson-Jones
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
- Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bo Li
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, United States
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11
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Wan M, Xia R, Lin H, Qiu P, He J, Ye Y, Tao J, Chen L, Zheng G. Volumetric and Diffusion Abnormalities in Subcortical Nuclei of Older Adults With Cognitive Frailty. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:202. [PMID: 32848700 PMCID: PMC7399332 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cognitive frailty (CF) is defined as the simultaneous presence of physical frailty and cognitive impairment among older adults without dementia. Previous studies have revealed that neuropathological changes may contribute to the degeneration of subcortical nuclei in the process of cognitive impairment. However, it is unclear in CF. The aim of this study is to investigate the changes in subcortical nuclei in older adults with CF and their relationship with cognitive decline and physical frailty. Methods: A total of 26 older adults with CF and 26 matched healthy subjects were enrolled. Cognitive function and physical frailty were assessed with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale (Fuzhou version) and the Chinese version of the Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS). Volumetric and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) parameters of subcortical nuclei were measured with structural and DTI brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and compared between groups. Partial correlation analysis was conducted between subcortical nuclei volumes, MoCA scores, and physical frailty indexes. Results: Significant volume reductions were found in five subcortical nuclei, including the bilateral thalami, left caudate, right pallidum, and accumbens area, in older adults with CF (P < 0.05), and the bilateral thalami was most obvious. Decreased fractional anisotropy and relative anisotropy values were observed only in the left thalamus in the CF group (P < 0.05). No group differences were found in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. The MoCA scores were positively correlated with the volumes of the bilateral thalami, right pallidum, and accumbens area (P < 0.05). Negative correlations were found between the physical frailty index and the volumes of the bilateral thalami, caudate, pallidum, and right accumbens area (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Microstructural changes occur in the subcortical nuclei of older adults with CF, and these changes are correlated with cognitive decline and physical frailty. Therefore, microstructural atrophy of the subcortical nuclei may be involved in the pathological progression of CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Wan
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huiying Lin
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pingting Qiu
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianquan He
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yu Ye
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing Tao
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lidian Chen
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guohua Zheng
- College of Nursing and Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
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12
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Wijeratne PA, Johnson EB, Eshaghi A, Aksman L, Gregory S, Johnson HJ, Poudel GR, Mohan A, Sampaio C, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Paulsen JS, Tabrizi SJ, Scahill RI, Alexander DC. Robust Markers and Sample Sizes for Multicenter Trials of Huntington Disease. Ann Neurol 2020; 87:751-762. [PMID: 32105364 PMCID: PMC7187160 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective The identification of sensitive biomarkers is essential to validate therapeutics for Huntington disease (HD). We directly compare structural imaging markers across the largest collective imaging HD dataset to identify a set of imaging markers robust to multicenter variation and to derive upper estimates on sample sizes for clinical trials in HD. Methods We used 1 postprocessing pipeline to retrospectively analyze T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 624 participants at 3 time points, from the PREDICT‐HD, TRACK‐HD, and IMAGE‐HD studies. We used mixed effects models to adjust regional brain volumes for covariates, calculate effect sizes, and simulate possible treatment effects in disease‐affected anatomical regions. We used our model to estimate the statistical power of possible treatment effects for anatomical regions and clinical markers. Results We identified a set of common anatomical regions that have similarly large standardized effect sizes (>0.5) between healthy control and premanifest HD (PreHD) groups. These included subcortical, white matter, and cortical regions and nonventricular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We also observed a consistent spatial distribution of effect size by region across the whole brain. We found that multicenter studies were necessary to capture treatment effect variance; for a 20% treatment effect, power of >80% was achieved for the caudate (n = 661), pallidum (n = 687), and nonventricular CSF (n = 939), and, crucially, these imaging markers provided greater power than standard clinical markers. Interpretation Our findings provide the first cross‐study validation of structural imaging markers in HD, supporting the use of these measurements as endpoints for both observational studies and clinical trials. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:751–762
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Wijeratne
- Center for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eileanoir B Johnson
- Huntington's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arman Eshaghi
- Center for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Center, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Leon Aksman
- Center for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Gregory
- Huntington's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hans J Johnson
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Govinda R Poudel
- Mary Mackillop Institute of Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | | | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Nursing, Medicine, and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane S Paulsen
- Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Sarah J Tabrizi
- Huntington's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael I Scahill
- Huntington's Disease Research Center, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Daniel C Alexander
- Center for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Chen X, Zhang Q, Wang J, Xin Z, Chen J, Luo W. Combined machine learning and functional magnetic resonance imaging allows individualized prediction of high-altitude induced psychomotor impairment: The role of neural functionality in putamen and pallidum. Biosci Trends 2019; 13:98-104. [PMID: 30814403 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2019.01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia exposure during high-altitude expedition cause psychomotor impairment. Neuroimaging studies indicated that the impairment may be significantly associated with neuron loss and decreased regional homogeneity (ReHo) in several brain regions, suggesting the neural functionality in these regions may be utilized to predict psychomotor impairment under exposure. In this study, 69 subjects come from Shaanxi-Tibet immigrant cohort. Reaction time (RT) tasks were performed to measure the subject's psychomotor function before and after 2-year high-altitude exposure. For each individual, the RT differences between pre-exposure and post-exposure were calculated, which were referred to as "targets" in model establishment. Rs-fMRI data were acquired at the same time with RT tasks. For each individual, the map of ReHo alteration was generated, from which the patterns would be recognized. A pattern recognition procedure was utilized to train and test the predictive models. Two different cross-validation strategies were utilized to evaluate the model performance: leave-one-out cross-validation and four-fold cross-validation. For the models displaying significant R2 and MSE, weight maps were built. As a result, the predictive models were able to decode the changes of simple and recognition reaction time from the alterations of brain activation under the exposure. The regions with highest contributions to the predictions were bilateral putamen and bilateral pallidum, suggesting that predictions were mainly based on the patterns concentrated in these regions. This study was a proof of concept study designed to examine whether individual-level psychomotor impairment under high-altitude exposure could be predicted by a combination of pattern recognition approach and neuroimaging data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University
| | - Jiye Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University
| | - Zhenlong Xin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University
| | - Jingyuan Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University
| | - Wenjing Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, the Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational Environment, School of Public Health, Air Force Medical University
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14
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Sad faces increase the heartbeat-associated interoceptive information flow within the salience network: a MEG study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:430. [PMID: 30674995 PMCID: PMC6344475 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The somatic marker hypothesis proposes that the cortical representation of visceral signals is a crucial component of emotional processing. No previous study has investigated the information flow among brain regions that process visceral information during emotional perception. In this magnetoencephalography study of 32 healthy subjects of either sex, heartbeat-evoked responses (HERs), which reflect the cortical processing of heartbeats, were modulated by the perception of a sad face. The modulation effect was localized to the prefrontal cortices, the globus pallidus, and an interoceptive network including the right anterior insula (RAI) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (RdACC). Importantly, our Granger causality analysis provides the first evidence for the increased flow of heartbeat information from the RAI to the RdACC during sad face perception. Moreover, using a surrogate R-peak analysis, we have shown that this HER modulation effect was time-locked to heartbeats. These findings advance the understanding of brain-body interactions during emotional processing.
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15
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Omata K, Ito S, Takata Y, Ouchi Y. Similar Neural Correlates of Planning and Execution to Inhibit Continuing Actions. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:951. [PMID: 30631263 PMCID: PMC6315197 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of action is involved in stopping a movement, as well as terminating unnecessary movement during performance of a behavior. The inhibition of single actions, known as response inhibition (Inhibition of the urge to respond before or after actions) has been widely investigated using the go/no-go task and stop signal task. However, few studies focused on phase and volition-related inhibition after an action has been initiated. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of planning and execution underlying the voluntary inhibition of ongoing action. We collected fMRI data while participants performed a continuous finger-tapping task involving voluntary and involuntary (externally directed) inhibition, and during the initiation of movement. The results revealed areas of significantly greater activation during the preparation of inhibition of an ongoing action during voluntary inhibition, compared with involuntary inhibition, in the supplementary (SMA) and pre-supplementary motor areas, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), inferior parietal lobe, bilateral globus pallidus/putamen, bilateral insula and premotor cortex. Focusing on the period of execution of inhibition of ongoing actions, an event-related fMRI analysis revealed significant activation in the SMA, middle cingulate cortex, bilateral insula, right IFG and inferior parietal cortex. Additional comparative analyses suggested that brain activation while participants were planning to inhibit an ongoing action was similar to that during planning to start an action, indicating that the same neural substrates of motor planning may be recruited even when an action is ongoing. The present finding that brain activation associated with inhibiting ongoing actions was compatible with that seen in response inhibition (urge to stop before/after actions) suggests that common inhibitory mechanisms for motor movement are involved in both actual and planned motor action, which makes our behavior keep going seamlessly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Omata
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Medical Photonics Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Shigeru Ito
- Hamamatsu Medical Photonics Foundation, Hamamatsu PET Imaging Center, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Youhei Takata
- Hamamatsu Photonics KK, Global Strategic Challenge Center, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yasuomi Ouchi
- Department of Biofunctional Imaging, Medical Photonics Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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16
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Grewal SS, Holanda VM, Middlebrooks EH. Corticopallidal Connectome of the Globus Pallidus Externus in Humans: An Exploratory Study of Structural Connectivity Using Probabilistic Diffusion Tractography. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2018; 39:2120-2125. [PMID: 30262639 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a5816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Electrophysiologic abnormalities of the globus pallidus externus have been shown in several disease processes including Parkinson disease, dystonia, and Huntington disease. However, the connectivity, nuclear structure, and function of the globus pallidus externus are still not well-understood. Increasing evidence for the existence of direct corticopallidal connections challenges traditional understanding of the connectivity of the globus pallidus externus; nevertheless, these corticopallidal connections have yet to be fully characterized in humans. The objective of this study was to assess the corticopallidal connections of the globus pallidus externus by means of probabilistic diffusion-weighted MR imaging tractography using high-resolution, multishell data. MATERIALS AND METHODS Imaging data from the open-access Human Connectome Project data base were used to perform probabilistic tractography between the globus pallidus externus and the cerebral cortex using 34 distinct cortical regions. Group averages were calculated for normalized percentages of tracts reaching each of the cortical targets, and side-to-side comparison was made. RESULTS Cortical connectivity was demonstrated between the globus pallidus externus and multiple cortical regions, including direct connection to putative sensorimotor, associative, and limbic areas. Connectivity patterns were not significantly different between the right and left hemispheres with the exception of the frontal pole, which showed a greater number of connections on the right (P = .004). CONCLUSIONS Our in vivo study of the human globus pallidus externus using probabilistic tractography supports the existence of extensive corticopallidal connections and a tripartite functional division, as found in animal studies. A better understanding of the connectivity of the globus pallidus externus may help to understand its function and elucidate the effects of programming the higher contacts in pallidal deep brain stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Grewal
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (S.S.G., E.H.M.)
| | - V M Holanda
- Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery Associates (V.M.H.), BP-A Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E H Middlebrooks
- From the Departments of Neurosurgery (S.S.G., E.H.M.) .,Radiology (E.H.M.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida
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17
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Hirjak D, Thomann PA, Wolf RC, Kubera KM, Goch C, Hering J, Maier-Hein KH. White matter microstructure variations contribute to neurological soft signs in healthy adults. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:3552-3565. [PMID: 28429448 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neurological soft signs (NSS) are core features of psychiatric disorders with significant neurodevelopmental origin. However, it is unclear whether NSS correlates are associated with neuropathological processes underlying the disease or if they are confounded by medication. Given that NSS are also present in healthy persons (HP), investigating HP could reveal NSS correlates, which are not biased by disease-specific processes or drug treatment. Therefore, we used a combination of diffusion MRI analysis tools to provide a framework of specific white matter (WM) microstructure variations underlying NSS in HP. METHOD NSS of 59 HP were examined on the Heidelberg Scale and related to diffusion associated metrics. Using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), we studied WM variations in fractional anisotropy (FA) as well as radial (RD), axial (AD), and mean diffusivity (MD). Using graph analytics (clustering coefficient-CC, local betweenness centrality -BC), we then explored DTI-derived structural network variations in regions identified by previous MRI studies on NSS. RESULTS NSS scores were negatively associated with RD, AD and MD in corpus callosum, brainstem and cerebellum (P < 0.05, corr.). NSS scores were negatively associated with CC and BC of the pallidum, the superior parietal gyrus, the precentral sulcus, the insula, and the cingulate gyrus (P < 0.05, uncorr.). CONCLUSION The present study supports the notion that WM microstructure variations in subcortical and cortical sensorimotor regions contribute to NSS expression in young HP. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3552-3565, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Hirjak
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philipp A Thomann
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany.,Center for Mental Health, Odenwald District Healthcare Center, Albert-Schweitzer-Straße 10-20, 64711, Erbach, Germany
| | - Robert C Wolf
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katharina M Kubera
- Center for Psychosocial Medicine, Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Caspar Goch
- Medical Image Computing Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Hering
- Medical Image Computing Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus H Maier-Hein
- Medical Image Computing Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Ferrer I. Mini-symposium: Huntington's disease - introduction. Brain Pathol 2016; 26:724-725. [PMID: 27529604 PMCID: PMC8028970 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isidro Ferrer
- Institute of NeuropathologyBellvitge University Hospital, IDIBELLBarcelonaSpain
- Department of Pathology and Experimental TherapeuticsUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Bellvitge Institute of Biomedical Research (IDIBELL)BarcelonaSpain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)Spain
- Institute of NeurosciencesUniversity of BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
- Hospitalet de LlobregatCataloniaSpain
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