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Chen YL, Marchetta CM, Jimenez S, Bartalotta A, O'Neill J, Botticello AL. Experiences of patients, parents, and healthcare professionals in the process of transitioning from hospital to community after inpatient pediatric rehabilitation among children with special health care needs. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-11. [PMID: 38950559 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2362951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) may experience disruptions in education due to extended hospitalizations. The purpose of this study was to describe how CSHCN experience educational supports during inpatient rehabilitation and identify the ongoing challenges when planning to return to school. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured focus groups were conducted with parents (n = 12), former patients (n = 20), and rehabilitation professionals (n = 8). RESULTS Through qualitative thematic analysis based on descriptive phenomenology, we developed three themes: 1) Inpatient educational support such as instruction and schoolwork helped reduce the learning loss during hospitalization. However, these supports were sometimes complicated by lags in school approvals and challenges in coordination between systems. 2) Transition planning involved establishing necessary services to support CSHCN's educational and healthcare needs at school re-entry. However, families reported limited information and guidance as key barriers. 3) Dynamic courses of school re-entry required continued support after discharge. The participants recommended that reassessment and adjustment of transition plans were often necessary to account for evolving developmental and educational needs but were not always received. CONCLUSIONS There is an ongoing need to improve communication between clinicians and educators, information for families, and long-term follow-up on the changing educational needs for CSHCN after rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lun Chen
- Center for Outcomes and Assessment Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers, NJ Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Jimenez
- Center for Outcomes and Assessment Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Alexa Bartalotta
- Center for Outcomes and Assessment Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA
| | - John O'Neill
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers, NJ Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
- Center for Employment and Disability Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA
| | - Amanda L Botticello
- Center for Outcomes and Assessment Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, NJ, USA
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers, NJ Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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Marshall KH, d'Udekem Y, Winlaw DS, Zannino D, Celermajer DS, Justo R, Iyengar A, Weintraub R, Wheaton G, Cordina R, Sholler GF, Woolfenden SR, Kasparian NA. Wellbeing in Children and Adolescents with Fontan Physiology. J Pediatr 2024; 273:114156. [PMID: 38897381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.114156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and global quality of life (QOL) in children and adolescents with Fontan physiology and identify key predictors influencing these outcomes. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of 73 children and adolescents enrolled in the Australia and New Zealand Fontan Registry aged 6-17 years, at least 12 months post-Fontan operation. Assessments included the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) for HRQOL and a developmentally-tailored visual analogue scale (0-10) for global QOL, along with validated sociodemographic, clinical, psychological, relational, and parental measures. Clinical data were provided by the Australia and New Zealand Fontan Registry. RESULTS Participants (mean age: 11.5 ± 2.6 years, 62% male) reported lower overall HRQOL (P < .001), and lower scores across all HRQOL domains (all P < .0001), compared with normative data. Median global QOL score was 7.0 (IQR 5.8-8.0), with most participants (79%) rating their global QOL ≥6. Anxiety and depressive symptoms requiring clinical assessment were reported by 21% and 26% of participants, respectively. Age, sex, and perceived seriousness of congenital heart disease explained 15% of the variation in HRQOL scores, while depressive symptoms and treatment-related anxiety explained an additional 37% (final model: 52% of variance explained). For global QOL, sociodemographic and clinical factors explained 13% of the variance in scores, while depressive symptoms explained a further 25% (final model: 38% of variance explained). Parental factors were not associated with child QOL outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Children and adolescents with Fontan physiology experience lower HRQOL than community-based norms, despite reporting fair overall QOL. Psychological factors predominantly influenced QOL outcomes, indicating strategies to bolster psychological health could improve QOL in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate H Marshall
- Heart Centre for Children, The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yves d'Udekem
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | - David S Winlaw
- Heart Center, Ann and Robert Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Diana Zannino
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David S Celermajer
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robert Justo
- Queensland Paediatric Cardiac Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ajay Iyengar
- Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Service, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand; Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Robert Weintraub
- Department of Cardiology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gavin Wheaton
- Department of Cardiology, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Rachael Cordina
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Department of Cardiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gary F Sholler
- Heart Centre for Children, The Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Susan R Woolfenden
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Institute for Women, Children and their Families, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nadine A Kasparian
- Heart and Mind Wellbeing Center, Heart Institute and Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
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LaRusso MD, Abadía-Barrero C. Developmental Impacts of PANS/PANDAS and Inadequate Support for Children and Families. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2024:10.1007/s10578-024-01723-0. [PMID: 38874750 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-024-01723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
This article examines the degree to which major domains of child development are affected by Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric Syndrome (PANS)/Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS). Using cross-sectional survey data collected with an international sample of parents who identify as having children with PANS/PANDAS (N = 402), this study analyzed parent-reported developmental impacts and access to treatment and adequate supports. Parents reported that PANS/PANDAS negatively impacted their children's development across all domains: Emotional Development (92% of children), Social Development (90%), Cognitive Development (86%), Academic Growth (86%), Identity Development (83%), Talent Development (73%) and Language Development (50%). In addition, developmental impacts were likely to be more severe for children whose parents reported a greater number of inadequate supports with parenting, school, extracurricular activities, and crisis situations. These results indicate that children and families affected by PANS/PANDAS need better support to maximize children's opportunities, at home, in school, and in their communities, to continue developing despite challenging neuropsychiatric symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D LaRusso
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
| | - César Abadía-Barrero
- Department of Anthropology & Human Rights Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Gunawardana S, Jayarajah U, Ahmed SF, Seneviratne SN. Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2024; 109:1618-1629. [PMID: 38332657 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgae068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review (SR) and meta-analysis (MA) on health-related quality-of-life (QoL) and associated factors among children/adolescents with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). METHOD Following registration in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews(reg no: CRD42022313389), Google Scholar, PubMed, LILACS, Cochrane, and Scopus databases were searched up to March 5, 2022, using predefined search strategy/MESH terms to identify original studies describing/assessing self-reported/parent-reported health-related QoL in patients with CAH ≤21 years. Methodological quality was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS), and heterogeneity by I2 statistics. MA assessed mean difference (MD) in QoL between children/adolescents with CAH and healthy children/adolescents. RESULTS Among 1308 publications, the 12 studies eligible for the SR (CAH n = 781) showed NOS scales of 3 to 7/9, and the 6 eligible for MA (CAH n = 227) showed moderate-considerable heterogeneity. MA showed that parent-reported psychosocial QoL (MD 9.9 [-12.6,7.3], P ≤ .001) {consisting of school (MD 7.4[-12.2, -2.5], P = .003), emotional (MD 5.6 [-10.2, -0.9], P = .02) and social domains (MD 4.3 [-8.1, -0.5], P = .03), and self-reported school domain QoL (MD 8.5 [-15.9, -1.2], P = .02) was lower in children/adolescents with CAH while parent-reported and self-reported physical QoL were similar to controls.Factors associated with lower QoL among children/ adolescents with CAH included poor disease control, poor medication compliance, and complications including hyperpigmentation, virilization, hypertension, hospital admission, and urinary incontinence. CONCLUSION Based on available data, children/adolescents with CAH had preserved physical QoL but impaired psychosocial QoL, especially in the school domain. Factors associated with lower QoL included poor disease control and disease/treatment-related complications. There is a need for further high-quality research that investigates the relationship between disease control, provision of psychosocial support, and improvement in QoL in children/adolescents with CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Umesh Jayarajah
- Postgraduate Institute of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Syed Faisal Ahmed
- Samson Gemmell Chair of Child Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
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Hopwood V, Pini S, Spencer BKC, Kitchen C. Qualitative Study Examining Attendance for Secondary School Pupils With Long-Term Physical Health Conditions. CONTINUITY IN EDUCATION 2024; 5:76-89. [PMID: 38774601 PMCID: PMC11104356 DOI: 10.5334/cie.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
For some children and young people (CYP) with long-term physical health conditions (LTPHCs) attending school can be difficult. There is a lack of evidence documenting their school attendance experiences, how schools manage absence for these children, and subsequent effects. This study utilised an existing dataset from eighty-nine 11-18-year-olds in mainstream secondary schools in the United Kingdom across 11 LTPHCs that provided first-hand accounts about the children's experiences of school. Data pre-coded "attendance" were subject to thematic analysis to explore issues emerging. Findings showed attendance patterns varied, with some CYP missing little and others significant amounts of education. Children with LTPHCs wanted to attend school and did their best to navigate education alongside health. School systems for attendance were inconsistent and adversarial. Remedial and supportive action emerged as lacking, and children felt it was their personal responsibility to make up for lost time and missed work when absent. Decisions on whether they attended school, coupled with practices promoting high attendance had detrimental consequences for CYP with LTPHCs educationally, emotionally and socially. Overall, children with LTPHCs felt punished, stigmatised, unfairly treated, unequal and excluded. Results have implications for education, health, and policy practitioners to better plan and target attention so that the LTPHC cohort are treated sensitively and equitably and afforded their entitlement to education when they cannot go to school for health reasons often outside of their control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Hopwood
- University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, UK
| | - Simon Pini
- University of Leeds, Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, UK
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Schlecht J, Hammerle F, König J, Kuhle S, Urschitz MS. Teachers reported that children with special health care needs displayed more attention problems. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:1051-1058. [PMID: 38291550 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
AIM Children with special health care needs (SHCN) perform more poorly at school compared to their classmates. Specific causal pathways have not yet been extensively studied. Therefore, we investigated teacher-rated global attention, an important prerequisite for educational attainment, in children with SHCN. METHODS Data of a population-based prospective cohort study, which recruited preschool children from the Mainz-Bingen area, Germany, were analysed. Children with SHCN were identified by the Children with Special Health Care Needs screening tool. In 2016, global attention was reported by teachers at the end of first grade (mean age: 7.3 years) on a 5-point rating scale ranging from -2 through +2. Associations between SHCN consequences and teacher-rated attention were estimated by linear mixed models, adjusted for confounding variables. RESULTS We included 1921 children (51% males); of these, 14% had SHCN. Compared to their classmates, children with SHCN had poorer teacher-rated attention scores (adjusted mean difference: -0.35, 95% CI: -0.52 to -0.17). The effect was strongest among children with treatment or counselling for mental health problems or functional limitations. The effect remained after excluding children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder from the analysis. CONCLUSION Children with SHCN showed more teacher-rated attention problems, which could explain their lower educational attainment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schlecht
- Division of Paediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian Hammerle
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochem König
- Division of Paediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Kuhle
- Division of Paediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Michael S Urschitz
- Division of Paediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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7
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Koivusilta LK, Acacio-Claro PJ, Mattila VM, Rimpelä AH. Health and health behaviours in adolescence as predictors of education and socioeconomic status in adulthood - a longitudinal study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:1178. [PMID: 38671433 PMCID: PMC11055384 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18668-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The positive association of health with education level and socioeconomic status (SES) is well-established. Two theoretical frameworks have been delineated to understand main mechanisms leading to socioeconomic health inequalities: social causation and health selection but how these work in adolescence is poorly known. We studied if adolescent health and health behaviours predict higher education and higher SES in adulthood and if family background and school performance in adolescence explain these associations. METHODS Surveys on health and health behaviours were sent to representative samples of 12-18-year-old Finns in 1981-1997 every second year (response rate 77.8%, N = 55,682). The survey data were linked with the respondents' and their parents' socioeconomic data from the Finnish national registries. Both latent variables, namely, health (perceived health, health complaints, chronic disease), health-compromising behaviours (smoking status, drunkenness frequency), and family background (parents' occupation-based SES, education, family type) and variables directly measuring health-enhancing behaviours (toothbrushing, physical activity) and school performance were used to predict higher education and higher occupation-based SES at age 34. Logistic regression analysis and structural equation models (SEM) were used. RESULTS In logistic regression analyses, good health, health-enhancing behaviours, and lack of health-compromising behaviours were related to higher education and SES, also after controlling for family background and school performance. In the SEM analyses, good health, health-enhancing behaviours, and lack of health-compromising behaviours directly predicted higher SES and higher education, although the standardised coefficients were low (from 0.034 to 0.12). In all models, health, lack of health-compromising behaviours, and health-enhancing behaviours predicted school performance, which in turn, predicted the outcomes, suggesting indirect routes to these. Good socioeconomic prospects in terms of family background predicted good health, healthy behaviours, and good school performance in adolescence and higher SES and higher education in adulthood. CONCLUSION Health and health behaviours in adolescence predicted education and SES in adulthood. Even though the relationships were modest, they support the health selection hypotheses and emphasise the importance of adolescence for health inequalities during the life-course. Health and health behaviours were strongly associated with school performance and family background which together modified the paths from health and health behaviours to the outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena K Koivusilta
- Department of Social Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
| | - Paulyn Jean Acacio-Claro
- Department of Health Policy and Administration, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila, and Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ville M Mattila
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Arja H Rimpelä
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Unit of Health Sciences, Tampere University, 33014, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, P.O. Box 2000, 33521, Tampere, Finland
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Ormiston HE, Husmann PR, Wikel KC, Ruark C, Reisinger DL, Curtin MJ. An Exploratory Study of Educators' Perspectives Towards Hospital School Program Support for Children with Special Health Care Needs After Hospitalization. CONTINUITY IN EDUCATION 2024; 5:31-49. [PMID: 38774599 PMCID: PMC11104305 DOI: 10.5334/cie.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
More than 14 million children in the United States are identified as children with special healthcare needs (CSHCN). Rates of hospitalization for CSHCN with chronic conditions as well as re-admissions have been increasing in recent years. For hospitalized children transitioning back to their school of record, a host of issues may arise such as socioemotional concerns, peer rejection, and being behind in academics. Hospital-based school programs (HBSPs) play an important role in the transition back to a child's school of record. Utilizing a database of inpatient CSHCN at a midwestern children's hospital's HBSP, private and public-school educators associated with the previously hospitalized CSHCN were asked to complete an online survey to gather their perspectives related to the child's transition back to the school of record upon hospital discharge. Overall, educators' perspectives of the HBSP were positive while perceptions related to communication provided by the HBSP were mixed. Educators surveyed reported a lack of training related to working with CSHCN. Finally, accommodations and services offered to students upon return to school focused mostly on academic performance and attendance. Study limitations and implications for practice in schools are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Debra L. Reisinger
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, US
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AlBurno H, Schneider F, de Vries H, Al Mohannadi D, Mercken L. Determinants of adherence to insulin and blood glucose monitoring among adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes in Qatar: a qualitative study. F1000Res 2024; 11:907. [PMID: 38515508 PMCID: PMC10955191 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.123468.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Adherence to insulin and blood glucose monitoring (BGM) is insufficient in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with type 1 diabetes (T1D) worldwide and in Qatar. Little is known about the factors related to being aware of suboptimal adherence and the beliefs related to suboptimal adherence in this group. This qualitative study investigated factors related to awareness of, and beliefs about suboptimal adherence, as well as the existence of specific action plans to combat suboptimal adherence using the I-Change model. Methods The target group was comprised of 20 Arab AYAs (17-24 years of age) with T1D living in Qatar. Participants were interviewed via semi-structured, face-to-face individual interviews, which were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using the Framework Method. Results Suboptimal adherence to insulin, and particularly to BGM, in AYAs with T1D was identified. Some AYAs reported to have little awareness about the consequences of their suboptimal adherence and how this can adversely affect optimal diabetes management. Participants also associated various disadvantages to adherence ( e.g., hypoglycemia, pain, among others) and reported low self-efficacy in being adherent ( e.g., when outside home, in a bad mood, among others). Additionally, goal setting and action-planning often appeared to be lacking. Factors facilitating adherence were receiving support from family and healthcare providers, being motivated, and high self-efficacy. Conclusions Interventions that increase awareness concerning the risks of suboptimal adherence of AYAs with T1D are needed, that increase motivation to adhere by stressing the advantages, creating support and increasing self-efficacy, and that address action planning and goal parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan AlBurno
- Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, The Netherlands
| | - Francine Schneider
- Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, The Netherlands
| | - Hein de Vries
- Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, The Netherlands
| | - Dabia Al Mohannadi
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, P.O. Box 3050, Qatar
| | - Liesbeth Mercken
- Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, P.O. Box 616, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, Heerlen, P.O. Box 2960, The Netherlands
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Rodríguez GM, Wikel K, Stefani KM, Gilbert EA, Reisinger DL, Curtin M. Hospitalized Patients' Education Needs: Review of a Hospital-Based School Program. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2024; 63:239-243. [PMID: 37326066 DOI: 10.1177/00099228231181580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Rodríguez
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Katherine M Stefani
- Midwestern University Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Glendale, AZ, USA
| | - Elaine A Gilbert
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | - Michelle Curtin
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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11
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Hjelm M, Hente E, Schuler CL, Duan Q, Strong S, Boat T, Filigno S. Education-related needs for children with cystic fibrosis: Perspectives of US pediatric care teams. Pediatr Pulmonol 2024; 59:95-100. [PMID: 37796090 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) often bring education-related concerns to their medical teams. Concerns around the ability for CF care teams to identify and address these concerns exist. We sought to describe CF care team perceptions of (1) patient and family education-related needs, (2) how these needs are identified, documented and addressed, and (3) education-related resource gaps. METHODS A survey was emailed to pediatric care teams in the CF Foundation Care Center Network in April 2022. Individuals or care teams could complete the survey. Responses were aggregated for descriptive analysis. RESULTS Sixty-seven programs responded representing 52% of United States pediatric CF centers. Most centers (88%) indicated social workers primarily address school concerns. Care teams often complete school forms (99%), coach families to communicate with schools (96%), communicate with schools directly (90%), and develop educational plans (76%). Formal education risk assessment and support programs are relatively uncommon (19%). Common student-specific needs include carrying medications (75%) and leaving class for gastrointestinal issues (54%). Needs reported are informational materials for families and schools (94%), staff education about school concerns and how to address them (91%), additional staff for education-related issues (65%), and expertise in education plan development (62%). CONCLUSION CF care teams often lack comprehensive resources to identify and address education-related concerns. Systematically performing needs assessments, improving training for providers, and evaluating the benefits of education specialists on care teams may better identify and address education-related needs. Supporting educational progression will foster continued independence and well-being in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Hjelm
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hente
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Christine L Schuler
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Qing Duan
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Sarah Strong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Center for School Services and Educational Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Thomas Boat
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephanie Filigno
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Center for School Services and Educational Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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12
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Stefana A, Gamba A. Making the Best in a Bad Job: A Psychoanalytic Perspective on Communication with Children and Adolescents with Severe Physical Condutions. THE PSYCHOANALYTIC QUARTERLY 2023; 92:463-497. [PMID: 38032764 DOI: 10.1080/00332828.2023.2269940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Ill children/adolescents who suffer from severe organic diseases have to cope with their inner experiences, therapies, and the global burden of the disease. Although sometimes depression, anger, and death anxiety are openly encountered in medical settings, other times they can be partially hidden by a reactive and defensive path. In these scenarios, psychoanalysis is challenged to contribute the best comprehension of the intimate communication, maybe hidden, and the needs of the ill patients to express themselves. The best way a child can talk about himself is through spontaneous creativity. The adult's task is to facilitate the creation of an empty space and to recognize the child's mode of communication. There may be intense emotional reactions that the adult has to tolerate to not move the patient towards an over-adaptation. These over-adaptations entail the child being forced to feel good or have fun, thereby causing them to escape from their inner experience. The loss of the child's reality forms an additional burden to the child. The most valid indicator of this attitude is the ability to not take counterphobic attitudes but to allow the depression to be shared in a contact space between the child's true self and the perceived environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Stefana
- Alberta Stefana Corso Giacomo Matteotti 40, 25122 Brescia, Italy
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Fardell JE, Hu N, Wakefield CE, Marshall G, Bell J, Lingam R, Nassar N. Impact of Hospitalizations due to Chronic Health Conditions on Early Child Development. J Pediatr Psychol 2023; 48:799-811. [PMID: 37105227 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsad025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of hospitalization for chronic health conditions on early child development and wellbeing at school start. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of children starting school using population-based record linkage of routinely collected admitted hospital data and standardized assessment of early childhood development (Australian Early Developmental Census: AEDC). Developmental vulnerability (DV) was defined as children scoring <10th centile in any one of five developmental domains. Children scoring <10th centile on two or more domains were considered developmentally high-risk (DHR). Children hospitalized with chronic health conditions were compared to children without hospitalizations prior to school start. RESULTS Among 152,851 children with an AEDC record, 22,271 (14·6%) were hospitalized with a chronic condition. Children hospitalized with chronic health conditions were more likely to be DHR (adjusted odds ratio 1.25, 95% CI: 1.18-1.31) compared to children without hospitalizations. Children hospitalized more frequently (>7 times) or with longer duration (>2 weeks) had a 40% increased risk of being DHR (1.40, 95% CI: 1.05-1.88 and 1.40, 95% CI: 1.13-1.74, respectively). Children hospitalized with mental health/behavioral/developmental conditions had the highest risk of DHR (2.23, 95% CI: 1.72-2.90). Developmental vulnerability was increased for physical health (1.37, 95% CI: 1.30-1.45), language (1.28, 95% CI: 1.19-1.38), social competence (1.22, 95% CI: 1.16-1.29), communication (1.17, 95% CI: 1.10-1.23), and emotional maturity (1.16, 95% CI: 1.09-1.23). CONCLUSIONS Frequent and longer duration hospitalizations for chronic health conditions can impact early childhood development. Research and interventions are required to support future development and well-being of children with chronic health conditions who are hospitalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E Fardell
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Nan Hu
- Population Child Health Research Group, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire E Wakefield
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Glenn Marshall
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Australia
| | - Jane Bell
- Child Population and Translational Health Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Australia
| | - Raghu Lingam
- Population Child Health Research Group, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - Natasha Nassar
- Child Population and Translational Health Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Australia
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Sayegh CS, Brammer WA, Wright SM, Wee CP, Sherer S. Pilot Study of Group Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Depression Among Young People With Chronic Illness. Am J Psychother 2023; 76:93-99. [PMID: 36908229 DOI: 10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.20210042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) is an evidence-based treatment for depression, demonstrating efficacy with adolescents and young adults. Social support is proposed to be an important treatment component and may be helpful for adolescents and young adults with chronic illness. The authors sought to assess the feasibility of delivering IPT to this population and to examine changes in depressive symptoms and perceived social support. METHODS An open-label feasibility trial of group-based IPT was conducted for adolescents and young adults with chronic illness (N=17). The 12-session group IPT was concurrent with group members' individual psychotherapy, and group IPT was focused on providing support in navigating interpersonal challenges related to the participants' chronic illness. Participants completed questionnaires assessing depressive symptoms and social support before treatment, midtreatment (6 weeks), and after treatment (12 weeks). Generalized estimating equation models, adjusted for repeated measures, were used to assess changes in depressive symptoms and social support over the course of treatment. RESULTS Deidentified clinical examples illustrated how IPT was practiced in a community mental health setting. Evidence for the feasibility of group IPT was mixed. Although participants had poor session attendance, there was a significant decrease in depressive symptoms (β=-2.94, 95% CI=-5.30 to -0.59, p=0.014) and a significant increase in perceived social support (β=4.24, 95% CI=0.51 to 7.98, p=0.026) by the end of treatment. CONCLUSIONS IPT may help address depressive symptoms and enhance social support among adolescents and young adults with chronic illness. Further research and adaptation are needed to address feasibility challenges in delivering group IPT to this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin S Sayegh
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (all authors); Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Sayegh, Sherer)
| | - Whitney A Brammer
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (all authors); Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Sayegh, Sherer)
| | - Stephanie M Wright
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (all authors); Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Sayegh, Sherer)
| | - Choo Phei Wee
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (all authors); Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Sayegh, Sherer)
| | - Sara Sherer
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles (all authors); Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles (Sayegh, Sherer)
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Kirkpatrick K, Irwin MK, Young-Saleme T, Brown NN, Vannatta K. Universal assessment and tiered intervention: A model of care to meet the pediatric oncology psychosocial standard of care for school support. Psychooncology 2023; 32:1443-1451. [PMID: 37529939 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The feasibility and acceptability of a tiered intervention model of school intervention services was investigated in response to the publication of evidence-based Psychosocial Standards of Care for Children with Cancer and their Families. METHOD Children with newly diagnosed malignancy or transitioning to long-term survivorship care were eligible. Families received universal school needs assessment and intervention targeted at the level of risk identified. Academic risk and resource utilization data collected over 1 year were used to evaluate model feasibility and surveys evaluated family and medical provider satisfaction with the model. RESULTS One hundred and eight children were enrolled and had academic risk assessed at enrollment as high (25%), moderate (44.4%) or low (30.6%) risk. School liaison staff time spent providing intervention was related to the level of risk. 54.6% of patients reported a decrease in risk status at the end of 1 year of intervention. Parents (94%) and medical providers (100%) chose responses of "agree" or "strongly agree" when asked if they were satisfied with the intervention received over the year. CONCLUSIONS The tiered model of care identifies the students with the highest need for intervention, allows for more targeted use of resources, and successfully meets the Psychosocial Standard of Care for academic needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mary Kay Irwin
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Tammi Young-Saleme
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Kathryn Vannatta
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Dellenmark-Blom M, Reilly C, Öst E, Örnö Ax S, Svensson JF, Kassa AM, Jönsson L, Abrahamsson K, Gatzinsky V, Tollne AM, Omling E, Stenström P, Engstrand Lilja H. Schooling experiences in children with long-gap esophageal atresia compared with children with esophageal atresia and primary anastomosis: a Swedish study. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:233. [PMID: 37550744 PMCID: PMC10408199 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02846-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with long-gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) risk living with aerodigestive morbidity and mental health difficulties. No previous study has investigated their experiences of schooling, despite the importance of schools in children's development, learning and social relationships. We aimed to describe experiences of schooling in children with LGEA in Sweden in comparison with children with EA who had primary anastomosis. METHOD Children with LGEA aged 3-17 were recruited nationwide in Sweden. One parent completed a survey on their child's school-based supports (according to definitions from the Swedish National Agency for Education), school absence, school satisfaction, school functioning (PedsQL 4.0), mental health (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire) and current symptomatology. School data were compared between 26 children with LGEA to that from 95 children with EA who had PA, a hypothesized milder affected group. Mental health level was determined using validated norms; abnormal ≥ 90 percentile. Data were analyzed using descriptives, correlation and Mann-Whitney-U test. Significance level was p < 0.05. RESULTS Formal school-based support was reported in 17 (65.4%) children with LGEA and concerned support with nutritional intake (60%), education (50%) and medical/special health needs (35%). The prevalence of school-based support was significantly higher compared to children with PA overall (36.8%, p = 0.013) and regarding nutritional intake support (20%, p < 0.001). In children with LGEA, school-based support was related to low birth weight (p = 0.036), young child age (p = 0.014), height ≤ -2SD for age/sex (p = 0.024) and an increased number of aerodigestive symptoms (p < 0.05). All children with LGEA who had abnormal mental health scores had school-based support, except for one child. Nine children with LGEA (36%) had school absence ≥ 1times/month the past year, more frequently because of colds/airway infections (p = 0.045) and GI-specific problems compared to PA (p = 0.003). School functioning scores were not significantly different from children with PA (p = 0.34) but correlated negatively with school-based support (< 0.001) and school absence (p = 0.002). One parent out of 26 reported their child's school satisfaction as "not good". CONCLUSIONS Children with LGEA commonly receive school-based support, reflecting multifaceted daily needs and disease severity. School absence is frequent and related to poorer school functioning. Future research focusing on academic achievement in children with EA is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dellenmark-Blom
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg University, 416 85, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - C Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg University, 416 85, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - E Öst
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Örnö Ax
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg University, 416 85, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - J F Svensson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A-M Kassa
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Children's Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Jönsson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg University, 416 85, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - K Abrahamsson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg University, 416 85, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - V Gatzinsky
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg University, 416 85, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - A M Tollne
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Omling
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Skane University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - P Stenström
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Skane University Hospital Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - H Engstrand Lilja
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rasalingam A, Brekke I, Stenberg U, Haaland-Øverby M, Helseth S. 'Struggling to participate in everyday life': emerging adults' experiences of living with long-term health challenges. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1368. [PMID: 37460986 PMCID: PMC10353226 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To gain a deeper understanding of the experiences of participation in the everyday life of emerging adults living with long-term health challenges and how this influences their own quality of life. METHODS Using an explorative study design, data were collected through in-depth interviews with a sample of 12 young people aged 18-29 years living with long-term health challenges in Norway. FINDINGS The analysis identified one overarching theme of struggling to participate in everyday life, and four subthemes: the notion of being independent but also dependent, experiencing mismatch between needs and support, experiencing deprivation of spontaneity and feeling uncertain about the future. The emerging adults experienced difficulties with participation in key areas of life such as education, employment and leisure activities. Associated symptoms of their diagnosis, limited physical abilities and lack of sufficient support made it hard to participate in everyday life the way they aspired to. CONCLUSION The challenges of living with a long-term health challenge as an emerging adult contributed to limitations in participation in different areas of life that was perceived as important for their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurajee Rasalingam
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Idunn Brekke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Una Stenberg
- Frambu Resource Centre for Rare Disorders, Siggerud, Norway
| | - Mette Haaland-Øverby
- National advisory unit on learning and mastery in health, Oslo university hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
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Rodriguez TM, Sheffler P, Ferguson LE, Rebok GW, Wu R. Cognitive and Functional Improvement via Novel Skill Learning for Low-Income Minoritized Middle-Aged and Older Adults. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2023; 24:926-935. [PMID: 35895188 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-022-01413-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prior research has demonstrated beneficial outcomes for learning new skills in older adulthood, including increased cognitive and functional abilities, which help prevent age-related declines and foster healthy aging. However, these studies largely have included participants not typically considered at risk for cognitive and functional decline (i.e., White, highly educated, higher income). Cognitive and functional disparities exist among minoritized racial and ethnic individuals, particularly Black and Latinx populations, because of a lifetime of inequalities associated with low socioeconomic status, low education, and discrimination. This theoretical paper proposes a potential pathway in which such disparities could be mitigated by increasing cognitive and functional abilities via novel skill learning in these at-risk populations in middle and later life to prevent decline. We also discuss indirect barriers (e.g., financial and health issues), direct barriers (e.g., limited learning opportunities), and motivational barriers (e.g., self-beliefs, values) that these adults may encounter. We further highlight that addressing these barriers to novel skill learning by providing appropriate resources is necessary to maximize the feasibility and potential effectiveness of this pathway. Lastly, we encourage future research to test this pathway and help inform policymakers and existing learning programs to implement better ways of promoting lifelong learning in an inclusive and equitable manner to prevent decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Sheffler
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - Leah E Ferguson
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, USA
| | - George W Rebok
- Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA
- Johns Hopkins Alzheimer's Disease Resource Center for Minority Aging Research, Baltimore, USA
- Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - Rachel Wu
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, USA
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Schlecht J, König J, Kuhle S, Urschitz MS. School absenteeism in children with special health care needs. Results from the prospective cohort study ikidS. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287408. [PMID: 37352302 PMCID: PMC10289337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children with special health care needs (SHCN) due to a chronic health condition perform more poorly at school compared to their classmates. There is still little knowledge on the causal pathways and which factors could be targeted by interventions. We, therefore, investigated school absenteeism in children with SHCN compared to their peers. METHODS This study was based on data from the German population-based prospective cohort study ikidS (German for: I will start school). Children with SHCN were identified by the Children with Special Health Care Needs screener that captures five consequences of physical or mental chronic health conditions: (1) use or need of prescription medication, (2) above average use or need of medical, mental health, or educational services, (3) functional limitations compared with others of the same age, (4) use or need of specialized therapies, and (5) treatment or counseling for emotional, behavioral, or developmental problems. School absenteeism was defined as days absent from school due to illness during first grade and was reported by classroom teachers. Associations between SHCN consequences and school absenteeism were investigated by negative binomial regression models. Effect estimates were adjusted for confounding variables identified by a causal framework and directed acyclic graphs. RESULTS 1,921 children (mean age at follow-up 7.3 years, standard deviation 0.3; 49% females) were included; of these, 14% had SHCN. Compared to their classmates, children with SHCN had more days absent (adjusted rate ratio: 1.37; 95% confidence interval 1.16, 1.62). The effect was strongest among children with i) functional limitations, ii) treatment or counseling for emotional, behavioral, or developmental problems, and iii) those who experienced two or more SHCN consequences. CONCLUSIONS Children with SHCN have higher school absenteeism, which could-at least partly-explain their poorer school performance and lower educational attainment. SHCN-specific targeted interventions may reduce the adverse effects of SHCN on educational outcomes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schlecht
- Division of Pediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jochem König
- Division of Pediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Kuhle
- Division of Pediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit, Departments of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Michael S. Urschitz
- Division of Pediatric Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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Jay MA, Sanders-Ellis D, Blackburn R, Deighton J, Gilbert R. Umbrella systematic review finds limited evidence that school absence explains the association between chronic health conditions and lower academic attainment. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1122769. [PMID: 37361156 PMCID: PMC10288991 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1122769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Absence from school is more frequent for children with chronic health conditions (CHCs) than their peers and may be one reason why average academic attainment scores are lower among children with CHCs. Methods We determined whether school absence explains the association between CHCs and academic attainment through a systematic review of systematic reviews of comparative studies involving children with or without CHCs and academic attainment. We extracted results from any studies that tested whether school absence mediated the association between CHCs and academic attainment. Results We identified 27 systematic reviews which included 441 unique studies of 7, 549, 267 children from 47 jurisdictions. Reviews either covered CHCs generally or were condition-specific (e.g., chronic pain, depression, or asthma). Whereas reviews found an association between a range of CHCs (CHCs generally, cystic fibrosis, hemophilia A, end-stage renal disease (pre-transplant), end-stage kidney disease (pre-transplant), spina bifida, congenital heart disease, orofacial clefts, mental disorders, depression, and chronic pain) and academic attainment, and though it was widely hypothesized that absence was a mediator in these associations, only 7 of 441 studies tested this, and all findings show no evidence of absence mediation. Conclusion CHCs are associated with lower academic attainment, but we found limited evidence of whether school absence mediates this association. Policies that focus solely on reducing school absence, without adequate additional support, are unlikely to benefit children with CHCs. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=285031, identifier: CRD42021285031.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A. Jay
- UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Sanders-Ellis
- UCL Institute of Education, Social Research Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Blackburn
- UCL Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Deighton
- The Evidence Based Practice Unit, University College London and Anna Freud Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth Gilbert
- UCL GOS Institute of Child Health, Population, Policy and Practice Research and Teaching Department, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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de Beaufort CMC, Derikx JPM, Voskeuil ME, Atay J, Kuijper CF, de Beer SA, de Jong JR, de Bos A, Vennink S, van Heurn LWE, Gorter RR. Children with an Anorectal Malformation Going to Primary School: The Parent's Perspective. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:924. [PMID: 37371156 DOI: 10.3390/children10060924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Continence problems occur often in children with anorectal malformations (ARM). The aim of this study was to evaluate parental experiences with toilet facilities at Dutch primary schools and their experience with how schools deal with ARM children. METHODS This survey was developed in collaboration with the national patient advocacy group (PAG). Recruitment for participation was conducted by the PAG (email listing and social media) and one expertise center for ARM. Participants were parents of school-attending ARM children aged 3 to 12 years. RESULTS Sixty-one participants (31.9%) responded to the survey. The median age of the children was 7.0 years (IQR 5.0-9.0). Schools were often located in a village (63.9%) and encompassed 100-500 children (77.0%). In total, 14 parents (23.0%) experienced difficulties in finding a primary school. Experiences with the school were described as solely positive (37.7%), solely negative (9.8%), positive and negative (34.4%), and neither positive nor negative (16.4%). Regarding school toilet facilities, 65.6% of the toilets were reported clean and 78.7% were easily accessible. CONCLUSIONS About 25% of parents reported difficulties in enrolling their children into primary school, and 45% reported negative experiences. This highlights the need for improved guidance and the optimization of education in schools when dealing with ARM children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunera M C de Beaufort
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joep P M Derikx
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke E Voskeuil
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Josef Atay
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline F Kuijper
- Department of Pediatric Urology, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd A de Beer
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Justin R de Jong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arnout de Bos
- Vereniging Anusatresie, 1273 ST Huizen, The Netherlands
| | | | - L W Ernest van Heurn
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon R Gorter
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children's Hospital Amsterdam UMC, Location University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development Research Institute, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Weibel M, Skoubo S, Handberg C, Bertel LB, Steinrud NC, Schmiegelow K, Hallström IK, Larsen HB. Telepresence robots to reduce school absenteeism among children with cancer, neuromuscular diseases, or anxiety—the expectations of children and teachers: A qualitative study in Denmark. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR REPORTS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chbr.2023.100280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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23
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Oliveira CRD, Alvarenga P, Paixão C. Repercussões das Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais no Desenvolvimento Socioemocional de Pacientes Pediátricos. REVISTA PSICOLOGIA E SAÚDE 2023. [DOI: 10.20435/pssa.v14i3.1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Este estudo descreve as repercussões dos sintomas das doenças inflamatórias intestinais (DII) nas emoções, na vida escolar e nas interações sociais de pacientes pediátricos. Participaram 20 cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes com idades entre cinco e 17 anos e diagnosticados com alguma DII. Os cuidadores, que tinham entre 26 e 54 anos, forneceram informações clínicas e sociodemográficas e responderam a um questionário sobre as repercussões dos sintomas das DII na vida das crianças e dos adolescentes. A análise das frequências absolutas e relativas e o teste de aderência revelaram que os impactos dos sintomas foram significativamente maiores nas emoções quando comparados aos impactos na vida escolar e nas interações sociais (X² = 6,14; df= 2; p= 0,04). O tratamento das DII deve incluir a construção de planos terapêuticos sensíveis às necessidades psicossociais dos pacientes pediátricos.
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Bowdy A, Hente E, Filigno SS, Strong S, Hossain MM, Tadesse DG, Boat T, Hjelm M. Longitudinal Assessment of Educational Risk for K-12 Students with Cystic Fibrosis. J Pediatr 2023; 253:238-244.e3. [PMID: 36202239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the use of services provided by a cystic fibrosis (CF) center school specialist and evaluate relationships among student educational risk scores, family concerns for school engagement and performance, and disease severity. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective review of medical records for 126 children with CF in grades K-12 who were screened for educational risk or used school intervention services during the 2017- 020 school years. Regression analyses were performed to identify and quantify predictors of educational risk, family concern for school performance and ability to advocate, and use of school specialist services. RESULTS Most children with CF (62%-82%) were at moderate-to-high educational risk. Sixteen or more school absences, family concerns for their child's school performance or inability to advocate for their school needs, child mental health visits, and greater frequency of hospitalization predicted greater educational risk scores and more encounters with the school specialist. Better lung function and lower grade level were associated with lower educational risk. Number of encounters with the School Specialist remained high across three pre-coronavirus disease 2019 school years. CONCLUSIONS Our experience illustrates a need to identify educational risk and support school experiences of children and youth with CF as a component of the care model. Tailored support, based on identification of risk predictors, has potential to improve educational outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Bowdy
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Elizabeth Hente
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH
| | - Stephanie S Filigno
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH; Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Sarah Strong
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH; Center for School Services and Educational Research, CCHMC, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Md Monir Hossain
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH; WIRB-Copernicus Group, Princeton, NJ
| | | | - Thomas Boat
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Michelle Hjelm
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH.
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van Schelven F, van der Meulen E, Wessels E, Boeije HR. Let Us Talk Treatment: Using a Digital Body Map Tool to Examine Treatment Burden and Coping Strategies Among Young People with a Chronic Condition. Patient Prefer Adherence 2023; 17:517-529. [PMID: 36891325 PMCID: PMC9987530 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s400702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment for a chronic condition can pose a heavy burden on young people and affect their quality of life. The present study examined young people's experiences with treatment burden and their coping strategies. PATIENTS AND METHODS The body mapping method was employed, in which a life-sized outline of someone's body is traced and populated with visual representations, symbols and words. For the present study, a digital tool for body mapping was developed. This is a chat robot which helps young people make a body map by asking questions about their lives, wellbeing and the influence of their treatment on this. In two series of three workshops, ten young people (16 to 25 years) with a chronic, somatic condition created individual body maps using this tool. The body maps were discussed in the group to obtain insight into experiences with treatment burden. The findings were analysed using thematic analysis. In all stages of the study, two adolescents with a chronic condition were involved as co-researchers. RESULTS The results show that young people with a chronic condition experience considerable treatment burden. Although treatment reduces their symptoms, it also leads to physical and emotional side-effects, restrictions of meaningful activities, issues with future planning, reduced independence, and autonomy and loneliness. Young people apply several strategies to cope with this burden, such as seeking support from others, focusing on the positive, ignoring treatment advice, and seeing a psychologist. CONCLUSION Treatment burden is a subjective experience and not merely based on the number or types of treatment. It is therefore vital that young people with a chronic condition discuss their experiences with their care provider. This can help to tailor treatment decisions to their lives and needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke van Schelven
- Department Perspective of Patients and Clients in Healthcare, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Correspondence: Femke van Schelven, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Otterstraat 118, Utrecht, 3513, CR, the Netherlands, Email
| | | | - Elise Wessels
- JongPIT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Hennie R Boeije
- Department Perspective of Patients and Clients in Healthcare, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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26
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Leite ACAB, Rodrigues AL, Alvarenga WDA, Polita NB, Silva-Rodrigues FM, Bolis LO, Meherali S, Nascimento LC. School reintegration of children and adolescents with chronic illness from the mothers' perspective: A qualitative study. Child Care Health Dev 2023; 49:181-188. [PMID: 35790488 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The diagnosis of chronic illness in childhood implies frequent hospitalizations and, consequently, the interruption of school attendance. This study aimed to understand the process of school reintegration of children and adolescents with chronic illness from the mothers' perspective. METHOD A qualitative descriptive-exploratory study was conducted with mothers who experienced the process of school reintegration of their child or adolescent, aged between 8 and 17 years old, and diagnosed with chronic illness. The participants were recruited by convenience and interviewed at the paediatric unit of a children's hospital. Data collection was interrupted when the data set was sufficient to answer the research question. The interviews were analysed using inductive thematic analysis. The study was approved by the research ethics committee. RESULTS Eleven interviews were conducted, 10 with mothers and one with a grandmother, who played the maternal role. Participants' age ranged between 33 and 58 years old. A theme was developed-"School reintegration under the maternal vigilance"-which encompasses four subthemes: (1) What matters? My child's health comes first; (2) How to keep in touch with the school? (3) Back to the school: Are we ready? (4) Sharing vigilance: reality and expectations. The themes highlighted a cyclical, dynamic, and subjective school reintegration process, constantly permeated by maternal vigilance. CONCLUSION A new understanding about school reintegration was evidenced, from the perspective of mothers of children and adolescents with different chronic illnesses. Mothers and children experience a nonlinear and recurrent process of leaving and returning to school, surrounded by a lack of communication and continuity in school activities. The results of this study may assist health professionals in planning care focused on the needs of the school reintegration of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Laura Rodrigues
- University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Letícia Onelli Bolis
- University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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Muñoz-Violant S, Violant-Holz V, Rodríguez MJ. Factors of well-being of youth with complex medical conditions from the experience of hospitalization and convalescence: A pilot study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285213. [PMID: 37141278 PMCID: PMC10159209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Well-being in children with a complex medical condition (CMC) impacts the way they view and communicate with their immediate environment as well as their development, and it is thus necessary to inquire about the contextual issues and different needs that a CMC carries. This pilot study aimed to identify factors of pediatric well-being from the experience of hospitalization and convalescence of youth with CMC and their caregivers, in a cross-sectional analysis using a selective methodology complemented by an indirect observational methodology. We analyzed the quality of life and well-being of youth with CMC using a validated KINDLR questionnaire. We collected 35 surveys: 11 from youth with CMC and 24 from caregivers from Spain. We focused the analysis on sociodemographics, well-being perceptions, and coping strategies variables. The results show that children aged between 3 and 6 years and their caregivers scored physical well-being the lowest out of all dimensions of well-being, and they scored family well-being the highest. Moreover, youth between the ages of 7 and 17 years and their caregivers scored school-related well-being the lowest. Coping strategies to deal with stressful situations differ between children and caregivers. While children mainly engage in social withdrawal, caregivers engage in cognitive restructuring and expressing emotions. However, we did not find a relationship between coping strategies and well-being perceptions. These results highlight the need to facilitate communication spaces with both families and health professionals where the voice of children is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Muñoz-Violant
- Hospital Pedagogy in Neonatology and Pediatrics-Research Group, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Verónica Violant-Holz
- Hospital Pedagogy in Neonatology and Pediatrics-Research Group, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Didactics and Educational Organization, Faculty of Education, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- International Observatory in Hospital Pedagogy, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel J Rodríguez
- Department Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Neurosciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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Alexandridis D, Nijhof SL, van der Rijst VG, van der Neut DY, Spijkerman R, Stevens GWJM, Bakkes SCJ, Lesscher HMB, van den Eijnden RJJM, van der Ent CK, van den Berg G, Peeters M. A cross-sectional study on gaming intensity and social vulnerability in adolescents that have a chronic condition. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1128156. [PMID: 37139357 PMCID: PMC10149830 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1128156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Adolescents growing up with a chronic condition might experience more social vulnerabilities compared to their healthy peers as an indirect result of their conditions. This can lead to a relatedness need frustration for these adolescents. Consequently, they might spend more time playing video games compared to their peers. Research shows that both social vulnerability and gaming intensity are predictors for problematic gaming. Therefore, we investigated if social vulnerability and gaming intensity are more pronounced in adolescents that have a chronic condition compared to the general population; and if these levels reflect the levels of a clinical group being treated for Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). Methods Data on peer problems and gaming intensity were compared from three separate samples: a national representative sample of adolescents, a clinical sample of adolescents that are undergoing treatment for IGD, and a sample of adolescents diagnosed with a chronic condition. Results No differences were found on either peer problems or gaming intensity between the group of adolescents that have chronic conditions and the national representative group. The group with chronic conditions scored significantly lower on gaming intensity than the clinical group. No significant differences were found between these groups on peer problems. We repeated the analyses for boys only. Similar results were found for the group with chronic conditions compared to the national representative group. The group with chronic conditions now scored significantly lower on both peer problems and gaming intensity than the clinical group. Conclusion Adolescents growing up with a chronic condition appear similar in their gaming intensity and peer problems compared to their healthy peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysis Alexandridis
- Multimedia Group, Interaction Division, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Dionysis Alexandridis
| | - Sanne L. Nijhof
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Vincent G. van der Rijst
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Damian Y. van der Neut
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Renske Spijkerman
- Parnassia Addiction Research Centre (PARC, Brijder Addiction Treatment), The Hague, South Holland, Netherlands
| | - Gonneke W. J. M. Stevens
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sander C. J. Bakkes
- Multimedia Group, Interaction Division, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Heidi M. B. Lesscher
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Division of Behavioural Neuroscience, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Regina J. J. M. van den Eijnden
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Cornelis K. van der Ent
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit van den Berg
- Department of Paediatrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Margot Peeters
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Ride J, Cameron L, Jones R, Dalziel K, Wurzel D, Kao KT, Freeman JL, Hiscock H. Preferences of parents for mental health services to suit children with chronic medical conditions. AUST HEALTH REV 2022; 46:722-730. [PMID: 36192367 DOI: 10.1071/ah22075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To identify features of mental health services that affect the uptake of services among parents of children with chronic medical conditions, to inform the design of pathways into mental health care. Methods A discrete choice experiment in which participants made choices between hypothetical mental health services described in terms of service features: cost, wait time, provider knowledge of chronic medical conditions, recommendations, opening hours, and travel time. Participants were parents of children attending The Royal Children's Hospital outpatient clinics for the management of a chronic medical condition who completed the online survey between August 2020 and January 2021. The uptake of mental health services with differing features was predicted based on regression models examining the relationship between choice and service features, and accounting for participant characteristics and unobserved heterogeneity. Results The sample comprised 112 parents, of whom 52% reported unmet needs. The most influential service features were wait times, cost, recommendation from medical specialists, and mental health provider knowledge of chronic medical conditions. Predicted uptake of a realistic service showed inequalities across income, parental education, and single parent status. A service comprising preferred features was predicted to eliminate these inequalities. Conclusions Reducing cost and wait time for mental health services could reduce unmet need among children with chronic medical conditions. Specific approaches to tackle the high levels of unmet needs in this group include equipping medical specialists to recommend mental health providers and training mental health providers on the impacts of chronic medical conditions on children. Offering preferred services could increase uptake and reduce inequalities in mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemimah Ride
- Health Economics Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Lachlan Cameron
- Health Economics Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Renee Jones
- Health Economics Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, Vic., Australia; and Health Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Kim Dalziel
- Health Economics Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Level 4, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Danielle Wurzel
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Parkville, Vic., Australia; and Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia; and Respiratory Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Kung-Ting Kao
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia; and Diabetes Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Jeremy L Freeman
- Respiratory Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia; and Department of Neurology, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia
| | - Harriet Hiscock
- Health Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia; and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia; and Health Services Research Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, 50 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic., Australia
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Koivusilta L, Kaltiala R, Myöhänen A, Hotulainen R, Rimpelä A. A Chronic Disease in Adolescence and Selection to an Educational Path-A Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14407. [PMID: 36361283 PMCID: PMC9657637 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chronic disease may affect adolescents' educational success. We study whether adolescents with a somatic chronic condition have lower school performance, lower odds for academic education, and a delayed start of upper-secondary studies. Seventh graders and ninth graders in the Helsinki Metropolitan Region, Finland, were invited to participate in a school survey in 2011 and 2014, respectively. The respondents (2011, N = 8960; 2014, N = 7394) were followed using a national application registry until 2017. The chronic conditions were asthma, diabetes, and epilepsy. Outcomes were grade point average (GPA), study place in an academic school, and delayed start of secondary education. Adolescents with a chronic disease needing medication had lower GPAs in both grades. Chronic disease with medication in the seventh grade predicted higher odds for the non-academic track (OR = 1.3) and the delayed start (OR = 1.4). In the ninth grade, chronic disease predicted non-academic studies univariately (OR = 1.2) and was not associated with the delayed start. The somatic chronic condition with medication, particularly epilepsy, slightly lowers students' school performance, which is a mediator between the chronic condition and selection into educational paths. Compared to gender and parents' education, and particularly to GPA, the role of chronic conditions on educational outcomes is small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Koivusilta
- Department of Social Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Riittakerttu Kaltiala
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
| | - Anna Myöhänen
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Risto Hotulainen
- Centre for Educational Assessment, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Arja Rimpelä
- Unit of Health Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Tampere University Hospital, 33521 Tampere, Finland
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Craven S, Brumbach BH, Richardson KL. Patient- and caregiver-reported factors associated with school absenteeism in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 38:1591-1598. [PMID: 36269405 PMCID: PMC9589668 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05780-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk for neurocognitive deficits while simultaneously being at risk for chronic school absenteeism (≥ 18 school days per school year). Chronic school absenteeism compounds the negative impacts of CKD on academic achievement. In this study, we examined patient- and caregiver-reported factors associated with school absenteeism in children with non-dialysis- or transplant-dependent CKD in order to help identify which factors could be modifiable and ultimately improve school attendance. METHODS We utilized a combination of chart review and questionnaires distributed in person to patients and caregivers at a pediatric nephrology clinic between November 2018 and August 2019 to gather data. We used descriptive statistics to illustrate clinical characteristics of the children included in the study, caregiver characteristics, and examined reported reasons for missing school. RESULTS Twenty-one percent of participants (10/48) missed 18 full days of school or more, categorizing them as chronically absent. The top three reasons for missing school were doctor appointments, feeling sick, and being bullied. More specific sequelae of CKD were not highly reported as reasons for missing school. CONCLUSIONS Chronic absenteeism is a highly reported phenomenon among children with pediatric CKD. Given that missing school for doctor appointments was a top reason for absenteeism, this data suggests alternative appointment hours and virtual appointments may reduce chronic school absenteeism in children, and by extension improve their health, behavioral, and academic outcomes. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Craven
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Barbara H Brumbach
- Biostatistics and Design Program, OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Kelsey L Richardson
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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Chronic Conditions and School Participation of First-Year University Students—HOUSE ULisbon Study. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9091397. [PMID: 36138706 PMCID: PMC9497637 DOI: 10.3390/children9091397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Students with chronic conditions (CC) tend to experience several barriers in terms of their school participation and performance. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the factors related to the time of diagnosis of CC (recent/non-recent), the barriers to participation and academic success (health condition, people’s attitude towards CC and school physical environment), the physical and mental health (physical/psychological symptoms and concerns) and school-related variables (relationship with teachers and peers), regarding the school participation of first-year students with CC. This work is part of the HOUSE-Colégio F3 Project, University of Lisbon, which includes 1143 first-year university students from 17 Faculties and Institutes of the University of Lisbon. In this specific study, only the subsample of 207 students with CC was considered, 72.4% of which were female, aged between 18 and 54 years (M = 20.00; SD = 4.83). The results showed that students with a recent diagnosis of CC and students with school participation affected by the CC were those who presented more negative indicators regarding barriers to school participation, physical and mental health, and school-related variables. A greater impact of CC in terms of school participation was associated with having a recent diagnosis, with people’s attitude towards CC and with the health condition as barriers, with more psychological symptoms and worse relationships with teachers and peers. This is a relevant message for the organization of health services for students with CC at the beginning of their university studies, especially since they are often displaced from home and managing their health conditions alone (in many cases, for the first time).
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Lou TM, Zhang KL, Slesinger NC, Taddeo M, Serrano E, Begolka WS, Capozza K, Paller AS, Griffith JW, Fishbein AB. Positive Psychology Themes in Interviews of Children With Atopic Dermatitis: Qualitative Study. JMIR Pediatr Parent 2022; 5:e38725. [PMID: 36103242 PMCID: PMC9520397 DOI: 10.2196/38725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis is a pruritic chronic condition associated with significant sleep disturbance, inattention, and sometimes behavioral problems. Enhancing resiliency in children with atopic dermatitis may promote coping strategies to improve quality of life. Positive psychology is one strategy that can be used to strengthen resiliency. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to identify positive psychology concepts mentioned by children with atopic dermatitis and their parent to inform strategies to strengthen resiliency in children with atopic dermatitis. METHODS A total of 20 patient-parent dyads were interviewed to share their experience with atopic dermatitis to help develop a novel psychologic intervention for atopic dermatitis. Patients were 8 to 17 years old and diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Trained coders analyzed transcripts using a coding dictionary developed based on Seligman's PERMA (positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment) model of positive psychology. The frequency of unprompted mentions of PERMA themes and relevant quotations was captured. Transcripts were also separately coded for resiliency, which is the ultimate goal of PERMA. RESULTS Positive psychology concepts were mentioned by 100% (20/20) of children and 95% (19/20) of parents. Engagement and relationships, both negative and positive aspects, were the most common unprompted PERMA themes mentioned by children (14/20, 70%) and parents (13/20, 65%). Emotion elicited the most negative comments from children (19/20, 95%) and parents (17/20, 85%). When analyzed for resiliency, 8 participants were identified with at least one resiliency code. On average, participants with a resiliency code mentioned PERMA concepts 9.1 (SD 4.7) times compared to those who mentioned none (mean 5.9, SD 4.6) (P=.14). When participants were stratified by disease severity, on average, more positive psychology concepts were mentioned by patients with mild atopic dermatitis (mean 13, SD 3.0) than those with moderate symptoms (mean 6.2, SD 4.9) or severe symptoms (mean 6.1, SD 4.0) (P=.03). CONCLUSIONS Among PERMA themes, engagement and relationships are the two most commonly mentioned categories for children with atopic dermatitis. Strategies targeting PERMA such as affirmations and positive reframing may improve psychosocial well-being and resiliency in pediatric atopic dermatitis. Future directions will look at incorporating "positive medicine" into atopic dermatitis treatment to not only relieve symptoms but also strengthen positive aspects of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terry M Lou
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States.,Division of Pediatric Allergy & Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Kenneth L Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States.,Division of Pediatric Allergy & Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Noël C Slesinger
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Michelle Taddeo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Eloisa Serrano
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | - Korey Capozza
- Global Parents for Eczema Research, Santa Barbara, CA, United States
| | - Amy S Paller
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - James W Griffith
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Anna B Fishbein
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States.,Division of Pediatric Allergy & Immunology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Schneider T, Wolgemuth JR, Bradley-Klug KL, Bryant CA, Ferron JM. Perceptions of School Life and Academic Success of Adolescents With Asthma. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/07435584221110632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents spend approximately one-third of their day at school. With the growing prevalence of adolescent asthma, 1 in every 10 adolescents copes with asthma throughout the day, including in the school environment. Yet, little is known about the school experiences of adolescent students with asthma. Guided by the social-ecological model, this study aimed to explore the links between asthma and school experiences in middle and high school as perceived by students with asthma. In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 adolescents with asthma aged 12 to 17 who attended middle or high school around the mid-west area of Florida. Students shared insights on their school experiences and academic performance. Data were analyzed and interpreted using thematic analysis. Four overarching and intertwined themes shaped the school experiences of students with asthma: 1. Asthma control and management; 2. Social support; 3. Asthma knowledge and awareness; and 4. Accommodation of health and academic needs. Study findings suggest addressing the school disparities of adolescent students with asthma through a comprehensive, multi-level approach. Schools should create asthma education opportunities, improve the school system and environmental accommodations, enhance asthma control, and increase continuous social support by peers and school personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Schneider
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
- University of South Florida Tampa, USA
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Na I, Van Bulck L, Rassart J, Goossens E, Luyckx K, Van De Bruaene A, Moons P. Absence from work or school in young adults with congenital heart disease: is illness identity associated with absenteeism? Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2022; 21:491-498. [PMID: 34864976 DOI: 10.1093/eurjcn/zvab117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Absence from work or school in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) is an understudied domain. Illness identity, which is the degree to which a chronic illness is integrated into one's identity, could be hypothesized to be a predictor for absenteeism. This study determined the proportion of young adults with CHD absent from work or school and examined if illness identity dimensions were related to absenteeism. METHODS AND RESULTS In a cross-sectional study, we included 255 patients with CHD. Data on absence from work or school over the past 12 months were obtained using self-report. The Illness Identity Questionnaire was used, which comprises four illness identity dimensions: rejection, engulfment, acceptance, and enrichment. Linear models with doubly robust estimations were computed after groups were balanced using propensity weighting. Absence from work/school occurred in 69% of young adults with CHD. Absence because of CHD specifically was present in 15% of the patients. Engulfment was significantly related to both all-cause absence and absence for CHD reasons. CONCLUSIONS Patients who strongly define themselves in terms of their heart disease were more likely to be absent from work or school than those who did not. If this finding can be confirmed in future research, it has the potential to be a target for intervention to influence work/school absence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inwon Na
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, Box 7001, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Van Bulck
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, Box 7001, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jessica Rassart
- KU Leuven School Psychology and Development in Context, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Goossens
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, Box 7001, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Brussels, Belgium.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Centre for Research and Innovation in Care, Division of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Koen Luyckx
- KU Leuven School Psychology and Development in Context, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,UNIBS, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Alexander Van De Bruaene
- Congenital and Structural Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philip Moons
- KU Leuven Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 35, Box 7001, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Institute of Health and Care Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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36
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Wang YW, Carnevale FA, Chougui K, Tsimicalis A. How Children's participation ought to be practiced: A preliminary ethical framework to optimise the participation of children with osteogenesis imperfecta in health care. J Clin Nurs 2022; 32:2773-2789. [PMID: 35676775 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A three-phase ethnography was conducted at a paediatric orthopaedic hospital exploring the actual and desired participation of children with Osteogenesis Imperfecta in discussions, decisions and actions in the hospital and community. Phase I and Phase II revealed how childhood ethics are understood and practiced in the hospital using artmaking to engage children in discussions about their health-related experiences. Children expressed frustration, anger and disappointment when their desired level of participation in care was not actualized due to forgone opportunities for engagement by clinicians or lack of child-oriented health resources. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study (Phase III) was to specify how childhood ethics ought to be understood and practiced in the hospital by (1) convening hospital stakeholders in a collaborative setting to disseminate findings, identify ethical concerns and generate action steps; and (2) develop a preliminary ethical framework to optimise the participation of children with OI in health care. DESIGN Focused ethnography reported using the SRQR checklist. METHODS A focus group was conducted with 14 interdisciplinary hospital stakeholders. Data were analysed using qualitative, thematic analysis to understand primary ethical concerns and accompanying action steps. The findings were consolidated into a preliminary ethical framework and worksheet for clinicians. RESULTS Four main factors impeding children's voices and desired participation were identified: legal and contextual factors; variations in clinicians' skills, practice and knowledge; difficulties incorporating alternative engagement methods into practice; and need for interprofessional collaboration. Five action steps were identified: Recognise, Elicit, Interpret, Act and Optimise. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The focus group and creation of clinician resources were important steps towards addressing the ethical concerns of children with OI, such as marginalisation or exclusion in their OI care. This study better prepares us to disseminate our findings on a larger scale and create ethical frameworks and resources to improve how vulnerable children's voices are heard, understood and acted upon in healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wen Wang
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospitals for Children®-Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Franco A Carnevale
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospitals for Children®-Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Khadidja Chougui
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Argerie Tsimicalis
- McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Shriners Hospitals for Children®-Canada, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Blackwell CK, Lai JS, Kallen M, Bevans KB, Davis MM, Wakschlag LS, Cella D. Measuring PROMIS® Social Relationships in Early Childhood. J Pediatr Psychol 2022; 47:573-584. [PMID: 35552428 PMCID: PMC9308389 DOI: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsac031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Apply the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) mixed-methods approach to develop and validate new parent-report measures of young children's (1-5 years) family and peer relationships that conceptually align to those for 5-17 year olds. METHODS Expert input, parent interviews, and reviews of theoretical and empirical literature were used to develop draft item pools, which were administered in two waves of panel surveys (N = 1,750). Psychometric evaluation was conducted using item response theory-based methods. Scores were normed to the general U.S. population. Initial validation analyses were conducted using Pearson's correlations and analysis of variance to examine known-group differences between children with various health conditions. RESULTS Experts and parents confirmed the content validity of existing PROMIS family and peer relationships domain frameworks and suggested adding child-caregiver interactions and empathic behaviors, respectively. Bi-factor model analysis supported sufficient unidimensionality where family and peer relationships were modeled as distinct subdomains of a broader concept, Social Relationships. The new measure was robust in discriminating young children with poor social relationships. Correlational and known-group analyses revealed positive associations with general health and well-being and negative associations with emotional and physical distress. CONCLUSIONS The PROMIS Early Childhood Parent-Report Social Relationships item bank enables clinicians and researchers a brief, efficient, and precise way to evaluate early relational health. Subdomain short forms also offer the ability to assess specific components (i.e., child-caregiver, family, and peer) for more targeted interventions and analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney K Blackwell
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
| | - Jin-Shei Lai
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
| | - Michael Kallen
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
| | - Katherine B Bevans
- Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Global Commercial Strategy Organization, USA
| | - Matthew M Davis
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
- Lurie Children’s Hospital, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, USA
| | - Lauren S Wakschlag
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
| | - David Cella
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, USA
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38
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Al-Yateem N, Rossiter R, Subu MA, Slewa-Younan S, Azizur Rahman S, Dias JM, Al-Marzouqi A. A qualitative exploration of mental health knowledge among pediatric health professionals in the United Arab Emirates. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266224. [PMID: 35349585 PMCID: PMC8963574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health literacy (MHL) is an essential competency for all healthcare professionals. In the United Arab Emirates, previous studies reported a low level of MHL among healthcare professionals working with vulnerable populations such as children and adolescents with chronic illnesses. Further in-depth exploration is necessary to build understanding of beliefs and knowledge about mental illness among pediatric health professionals. METHODS Written narratives exploring mental health knowledge were collected from pediatric nurses and analyzed using content analysis. These written narratives were extracted from responses to open-ended questions embedded in a questionnaire completed as part of previous studies. The Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research were followed in reporting this study. RESULTS The overarching theme that emerged from the data was that nurses struggled to negotiate the complexities of psychological distress and mental illness. Two overlapping sub-themes were identified: (1) professional knowledge was incomplete, confused, and lacking in clarity and (2) professional knowledge was impacted by cultural beliefs and stigma. A third sub-theme reflected how participants identified with others' suffering and felt powerless to help themselves or others. Participants described stress and mental exhaustion. CONCLUSIONS Participants' narratives were characterized by struggles arising from insufficient knowledge, confusion, and deeply-held cultural and religious beliefs. Therefore, they were unable to resolve the conflict between professional knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about mental illness and stigma arising from cultural and religious beliefs/attitudes. Culturally-specific education is needed for healthcare professionals that addresses contextual, cultural, and religious factors impacting on stigma while actively supporting the healthcare workforce and enabling access to mental health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel Rossiter
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Indigenous Health, Faculty of Science, Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW, Australia
| | - Muhammad Arsyad Subu
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | | | - Syed Azizur Rahman
- Department of Health Services Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Jacqueline Maria Dias
- Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Amina Al-Marzouqi
- Department of Health Services Administration, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
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Zheng K, Roehlkepartain EC, Santelli JS, Smaldone A, Bruzzese JM. Associations between Developmental Assets and Adolescent Health Status: Findings from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2022; 92:300-308. [PMID: 35001405 PMCID: PMC10103581 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental assets foster positive health outcomes among adolescents, but have not been studied in adolescents with chronic illness or depression, two conditions that impact behaviors in school. We examined parent-reported assets in a national sample of adolescents and compared the number and types of assets by health statuses. METHODS Data were from the 2016 National Survey of Children's Health (N = 15,734 adolescents), which captured 15 of 40 assets in the Developmental Assets Framework. We categorized adolescents as healthy; chronic physical illness alone; depression alone; and chronic physical illness with co-morbid depression. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and logistic regression. RESULTS Healthy adolescents and those with chronic physical illness alone were comparable in number and types of assets. Adolescents with chronic physical illness and co-morbid depression had fewer assets compared to healthy adolescents and those with chronic physical illness alone. Similar associations were found in comparing healthy adolescents to those with depression without chronic physical illness. CONCLUSIONS The presence of depression, among adolescents with and without chronic physical illness, was associated with fewer internal and external assets. The absence of assets may serve as a unique indicator of underlying depressive symptoms among adolescents in the school setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Zheng
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 633 N. Saint Clair St, 20th floor, Chicago, IL, 60611
| | | | - John S Santelli
- Columbia Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Arlene Smaldone
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032
| | - Jean-Marie Bruzzese
- Columbia University School of Nursing, 560 West 168th Street, New York, NY, 10032
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40
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Foster M, Adama E, Arabiat D, Runions K, Vithiatharan R, Zgambo M, Lin A. Parents' experiences of children with a rare disease attending a mainstream school: Australia. J Pediatr Nurs 2022; 63:e50-e57. [PMID: 34716060 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the perceptions of parents who had a child or adolescent (6-18 years) diagnosed with a rare disease who attended a mainstream school in Western Australia. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 41 parents of children with a rare disease. Here we report the findings of 14 open-ended questions on their experience of illness-related factors and impact on school-related social activities, such as sports, school camps and leadership roles whilst their child with a rare disease attended a mainstream school in Australia. Responses were analysed using an inductive thematic content approach. RESULTS We identified three themes (resources, experiences and needs), seven categories (illness, support, knowledge, acceptance, isolation, activities of daily living and adjunctive therapy) and 24 codes from the parents' responses describing the experiences of their child at school. Parents want the government and educational systems to provide the necessary funding and resources to reflect an inclusive curricula and supportive environment that can meet the learning needs of children with a rare disease at a mainstream school. CONCLUSIONS Further research, policy development and interventions are needed to explore how schools can meet the diverse psychosocial physical and emotional needs of children diagnosed with a rare disease who attend a mainstream school in Australia. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS A child needs to be viewed from a holistic ecological viewpoint; future research with larger representative samples to explore rare disease experiences and a critical review of existing legislation, interventions and initiatives is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandie Foster
- School of Clinical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia; Perth Children's Hospital, Nedlands, Australia.
| | - Esther Adama
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.
| | - Diana Arabiat
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia; Department of Maternal and Child Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Kevin Runions
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.
| | - Rena Vithiatharan
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.
| | - Maggie Zgambo
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Australia.
| | - Ashleigh Lin
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.
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41
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Schlecht J, König J, Urschitz MS. [Chronically ill at School - School Performance in Children with Special Health Care Needs. Results of the Child Health Study ikidS]. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 2022; 234:88-95. [PMID: 35139545 DOI: 10.1055/a-1672-4709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between health status in childhood and later educational achievement is unknown. We describe the association between a chronic health condition (CHC) and school performance at the end of first grade. PATIENTS As part of the child health survey ikidS, 2,003 preschoolers from the Mainz-Bingen area (Rhineland-Palatinate; Germany) were recruited. METHOD In a prospective cohort study, children with CHC were identified by the children with special health care needs screener. At the end of first grade, classroom teachers evaluated the child's school performance on a rating scale ranging from - 2 through+2 in 5 domains: numeracy, science, reading, writing, and social competencies. Associations between special health care needs (SHCN) and each domain were assessed by linear mixed regression models adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS 1,463 children (51% males) were analyzed. Of these, 15% had SHCN. Compared to their classmates, children with SHCN performed poorer in numeracy (adjusted mean difference: - 0.40; 95% CI[- 0.57; - 0.23]) and writing (- 0.22; 95% CI[- 0.39; - 0.05]). DISCUSSION For the first time in a German sample, we found an indication which educational competencies might be negatively impacted by SHCN early in school. This could have long-lasting effects on educational attainment and later socio-economic status. CONCLUSION Our results question the uptake and/or effectiveness of existing medical care as well as educational support concepts for children with a CHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schlecht
- Abteilung für Pädiatrische Epidemiologie; Institut für Medizinische Biometrie, Epidemiologie und Informatik, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Jochem König
- Abteilung für Pädiatrische Epidemiologie; Institut für Medizinische Biometrie, Epidemiologie und Informatik, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Michael S Urschitz
- Abteilung für Pädiatrische Epidemiologie; Institut für Medizinische Biometrie, Epidemiologie und Informatik, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
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42
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Claahsen - van der Grinten HL, Speiser PW, Ahmed SF, Arlt W, Auchus RJ, Falhammar H, Flück CE, Guasti L, Huebner A, Kortmann BBM, Krone N, Merke DP, Miller WL, Nordenström A, Reisch N, Sandberg DE, Stikkelbroeck NMML, Touraine P, Utari A, Wudy SA, White PC. Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia-Current Insights in Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Management. Endocr Rev 2022; 43:91-159. [PMID: 33961029 PMCID: PMC8755999 DOI: 10.1210/endrev/bnab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders affecting cortisol biosynthesis. Reduced activity of an enzyme required for cortisol production leads to chronic overstimulation of the adrenal cortex and accumulation of precursors proximal to the blocked enzymatic step. The most common form of CAH is caused by steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency due to mutations in CYP21A2. Since the last publication summarizing CAH in Endocrine Reviews in 2000, there have been numerous new developments. These include more detailed understanding of steroidogenic pathways, refinements in neonatal screening, improved diagnostic measurements utilizing chromatography and mass spectrometry coupled with steroid profiling, and improved genotyping methods. Clinical trials of alternative medications and modes of delivery have been recently completed or are under way. Genetic and cell-based treatments are being explored. A large body of data concerning long-term outcomes in patients affected by CAH, including psychosexual well-being, has been enhanced by the establishment of disease registries. This review provides the reader with current insights in CAH with special attention to these new developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phyllis W Speiser
- Cohen Children’s Medical Center of NY, Feinstein Institute, Northwell Health, Zucker School of Medicine, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA
| | - S Faisal Ahmed
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Wiebke Arlt
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Richard J Auchus
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Departments of Internal Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Henrik Falhammar
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Intitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christa E Flück
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Leonardo Guasti
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Bart’s and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Angela Huebner
- Division of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Paediatrics, Universitätsklinikum Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Barbara B M Kortmann
- Radboud University Medical Centre, Amalia Childrens Hospital, Department of Pediatric Urology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Krone
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Deborah P Merke
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Walter L Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Reproductive Sciences, and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Anna Nordenström
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicole Reisch
- Medizinische Klinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - David E Sandberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Susan B. Meister Child Health Evaluation and Research Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Philippe Touraine
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Center for Rare Endocrine Diseases of Growth and Development, Center for Rare Gynecological Diseases, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Sorbonne University Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Agustini Utari
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Stefan A Wudy
- Steroid Research & Mass Spectrometry Unit, Laboratory of Translational Hormone Analytics, Division of Paediatric Endocrinology & Diabetology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Perrin C White
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX 75390, USA
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Khalid R, Van Zwieten A, Kim S, Didsbury M, Francis A, Mctaggart S, Walker A, Mackie FE, Prestidge C, Teixeira-Pinto A, Barton B, Lorenzo J, Lah S, Howard K, Nassar N, Au E, Tong A, Blazek K, Craig JC, Wong G. Association between socioeconomic status and academic performance in children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2022; 37:3195-3204. [PMID: 35355084 PMCID: PMC9587100 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-022-05515-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with lower academic achievement; however, this relationship is understudied in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study examined the relationship between SES and academic performance in children and adolescents with CKD. METHODS A total of 377 participants aged 6-18 years with CKD stages 1-5 (n = 199), on dialysis (n = 43) or with a kidney transplant (n = 135) were recruited. Five SES measures and a composite SES index were examined for associations with parent-rated average or above average academic performance in numeracy and literacy using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Participants' median age was 12.6 years (IQR 8.9-15.5). Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) (95%CI) for better performance in numeracy and literacy, respectively, were 0.71 (0.44-1.15) and 0.75 (0.45-1.23) for children whose caregivers had lower educational attainment; 0.46 (0.26-0.80) and 0.53 (0.30-0.93) for lower household income; 0.52 (0.32-0.85) and 0.44 (0.26-0.73) for caregivers who were unemployed; 0.68 (0.41-1.12) and 0.59 (0.35-1.00) for caregivers with poor self-rated financial status; and 0.93 (0.53-1.64) and 1.00 (0.56-1.79) for caregivers who did not own their own home. Compared with the highest SES index quartile, the aORs for better performance by SES quartile in descending order were 1.24 (0.60-2.54), 0.76 (0.37-1.58), and 0.39 (0.18-0.86) for numeracy and 0.88 (0.41-1.85), 0.77 (0.35-1.66), and 0.32 (0.14-0.72) for literacy. No interactions were identified between SES and CKD stage, child age, or gender. CONCLUSIONS Across all CKD stages, children from lower SES families are less likely to perform well in literacy and numeracy than those from higher SES households. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Khalid
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Anita Van Zwieten
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Siah Kim
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Madeleine Didsbury
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anna Francis
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Child & Adolescent Renal Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Steven Mctaggart
- Child & Adolescent Renal Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Amanda Walker
- Department of Nephrology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Fiona E Mackie
- Department of Nephrology, Sydney Children's Hospital at Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chanel Prestidge
- Department of Nephrology, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Armando Teixeira-Pinto
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Belinda Barton
- Children's Hospital Education Research Institute, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jennifer Lorenzo
- Kids Neuroscience Centre, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Suncica Lah
- School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kirsten Howard
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Natasha Nassar
- Child Population and Translational Health Research, Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Eric Au
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Allison Tong
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katrina Blazek
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jonathan C Craig
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Germaine Wong
- Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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44
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Finning K, Neochoriti Varvarrigou I, Ford T, Panagi L, Ukoumunne OC. Mental health and school absenteeism in children with long-term physical conditions: A secondary analysis of the British Child and Adolescent Mental Health Surveys 2004 and 2007. Child Care Health Dev 2022; 48:110-119. [PMID: 34478163 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children and young people (CYP) with long-term physical conditions (LTCs) are more likely to have poorer mental health and more school absenteeism compared with CYP with no LTCs. However, there is limited longitudinal research, and the extent to which these difficulties persist in CYP with LTCs is unknown. Furthermore, little is known about the relative impact of different types of LTC on mental health and absenteeism. METHODS We investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of different LTCs with mental health and school absenteeism in a large (N = 7977) nationally representative survey of CYP in Great Britain and its 3-year follow-up. Psychopathology was assessed using the parent-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), and diagnosis of any psychiatric disorder using the Development and Wellbeing Assessment (DAWBA). Days absent and persistent absence (missing 10% or more of school days) were reported by parents. RESULTS Compared with those with no LTCs, CYP with any LTC had higher SDQ total difficulties scores at baseline (adjusted mean difference 1.4, 1.1-1.6) and follow-up (1.1, 0.8-1.4) and were more likely to have a psychiatric disorder at baseline (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.59, 1.34-1.89) and follow-up (1.75, 1.44-2.12). Children with any LTC also missed more days of school at baseline (adjusted incidence rate ratio 1.47, 1.31-1.64) and follow-up (1.17, 1.00-1.36) and were more likely to be persistently absent (aOR baseline 1.78, 1.48-2.14; follow-up 1.27, 1.00-1.61). Neurodevelopmental disorders, migraines and atopic conditions were particularly strongly associated with both mental health and absenteeism. CONCLUSIONS Children with LTCs had poorer mental health and more school absence than those with no LTCs. Clinicians should routinely enquire about mental health and school attendance in CYP with LTCs and should collaborate with families and schools to ensure these children are provided with sufficient mental health and educational support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Finning
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | | | - Tamsin Ford
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Panagi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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45
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Powell T, Cohen J, Patterson P. Keeping Connected With School: Implementing Telepresence Robots to Improve the Wellbeing of Adolescent Cancer Patients. Front Psychol 2021; 12:749957. [PMID: 34867634 PMCID: PMC8636051 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.749957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Adolescent cancer patients experience considerable absence from their education, contributing to poorer academic attainment and isolation from peers, and impacting wellbeing. Telepresence robots have been used to support the educational and social needs of young people with chronic illness. This article presents the results of the development and pilot-testing of a telepresence robot service in schools for adolescent cancer patients – the TRECA (Telepresence Robots to Engage CAncer patients in education) service. Methods: Phase I used semi-structured interviews (n = 25) to assess the views of patients, parents, schools and clinicians on the benefits, acceptability, barriers, and enablers of utilizing robots in schools for adolescent cancer patients. Results from Phase I informed the development of the TRECA service. Phase II used semi-structured interviews (n = 22) to assess the implementation experiences of adolescent cancer patients, and their families, schools, and keyworkers who pilot-tested the TRECA service. Results: Phase I demonstrated the need for telepresence technology in connecting adolescent cancer patients to school. Given the variable support during treatment, a telepresence robot service was considered an acceptable method of facilitating a school-patient connection. The recommendations provided in Phase I, such as the need for provision of ongoing education, training, and support to the patient and school, informed the development of the TRECA service. In Phase II, the themes of The necessity of stakeholder buy-in, A facilitator of meaningful connection, and One size does not fit all were generated. The TRECA service’s flexibility in meeting the needs of its users helped facilitate meaningful connections. Participants reported that these connections provided patients an enhanced sense of agency and wellbeing. The importance of stakeholder buy-in and taking an individualized approach to service delivery were also highlighted. Stakeholder miscommunication and lack of knowledge were key aspects of implementation needing improvement as the service is rolled out on a larger scale. Conclusion: Using telepresence robots to connect adolescents to school during cancer treatment was regarded as highly acceptable, facilitating peer and academic connection. By making stakeholder-recommended improvements to the TRECA service’s existing processes, the service will continue to grow in effectiveness and capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer Cohen
- Canteen Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pandora Patterson
- Canteen Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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46
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Lynn C, Lyons E, Muther E. Delivery of cystic fibrosis psychosocial care across developmental stages. CHILDRENS HEALTH CARE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1993228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Lynn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Pediatric Mental Health Institute
| | - Emma Lyons
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Pediatric Mental Health Institute
| | - Emily Muther
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado School of Medicine
- Children’s Hospital Colorado, Pediatric Mental Health Institute
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47
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Burns S, Doering K, Koller D, Stratton C. School reintegration following hospitalisation for children with medical complexity and chronic disease diagnoses: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e052493. [PMID: 34697117 PMCID: PMC8547354 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schools play a significant role in children's social, emotional and intellectual well-being. For children with medical complexity (CMC) and chronic disease diagnoses (CDD), an absence from school due to prolonged hospitalisation places them at risk for greater social exclusion and poorer academic outcomes than their healthy counterparts. Processes that support the school reintegration of children with complex and chronic medical conditions currently lack consistency and identified evidence-based practices. This scoping review aims to integrate the relevant literature on current reintegration procedures as well as assess stakeholders' perceived challenges related to children with CMC and CDD's return to school following hospitalisation. Finally, information will be synthesised regarding parental and child involvement in reintegration strategies. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The current scoping review follows the five-stage framework proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). The search syntax will be applied in Medline, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Education Resource, ERIC, CINAHL and SocIndex. Peer-reviewed journal articles will be included without the restriction of publication year or language. However, only children and adolescents aged 4-18 with CMC and CDD, who have been out of school for 2 weeks or more and reintegrated into a non-hospital school setting will be included. Articles will be screened by two authors based on the outlined eligibility criteria. Data will be summarised qualitatively and where applicable, visualisation techniques such as tables, graphs and figures will be implemented to address approaches, strategies and outcomes related to reintegration to school following hospitalisation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The current study comprises available publications and does not collect primary data. For this reason, ethics approval is not necessary. The results of this scoping review will be prepared and submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at future conferences to key stakeholders focusing on educational accessibility and inclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Burns
- Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie Doering
- Applied Psychology and Human Development, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Donna Koller
- Early Childhood Studies, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Stratton
- Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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48
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van Opstal SEM, Wagener MN, Miedema HS, Utens EMWJ, Aarsen FK, van der Knaap LC, van Gorp ECM, van Rossum AMC, Roelofs PDDM. School functioning of children with perinatal HIV-infection in high-income countries: A systematic review. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252746. [PMID: 34086807 PMCID: PMC8177442 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Since the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a manageable chronic disease. However, school-age children (4–18 years) living with HIV could still experience problems with functioning at school, due to the impact of the virus itself, medication, comorbidities and social stigma. School functioning covers academic achievement, school attendance, and social relationships and is of utmost importance to optimize normal participation. Methods To gain insight in school functioning problems of perinatally HIV-infected children, we performed a systematic review of the literature in multiple databases from January 1997 up to February 2019. Studies were included if they described outcomes of school functioning of school-age children perinatally infected with HIV, in high-income countries. Meta-analyses were performed for sufficiently comparable studies. Results and discussion Results from 32 studies show that HIV-infected children experience more problems in various areas of school functioning in comparison with national norms, matched healthy controls, siblings and HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children. The most pronounced differences concerned the usage of special educational services, general learning problems, and mathematics and reading performance scores. Comparisons with both national norms and siblings/HEU children show that the differences between HIV-infected children and siblings/HEU children were less pronounced. Moreover, siblings/HEU children also reported significantly worse outcomes compared to national norms. This suggests that problems in school functioning cannot be solely attributed to the HIV-infection, but that multiple socio-economic and cultural factors may play a role herein. Conclusion Perinatally HIV-infected children seem vulnerable to problems in various areas of school functioning. Therefore, monitoring of school functioning should be an important aspect in the care for these children. A family-focused approach with special attention to a child’s socio-environmental context and additional attention for siblings and HEU children, is therefore recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie E. M. van Opstal
- Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Marlies N. Wagener
- Centre of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harald S. Miedema
- Centre of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth M. W. J. Utens
- Erasmus MC, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Bascule, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Femke K. Aarsen
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eric C. M. van Gorp
- Erasmus MC, Department of Viroscience, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Pepijn D. D. M. Roelofs
- Centre of Expertise Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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49
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van Schelven F, Groenewegen P, Spreeuwenberg P, Rademakers J, Boeije H. Exploring the impact of patient and public involvement with young people with a chronic condition: A multilevel analysis. Child Care Health Dev 2021; 47:349-356. [PMID: 33377217 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) of young people with a chronic condition (YPCC) receives increasing attention. However, evidence of its impact is lacking. This study explores the impact of PPI on outcomes of projects in health and social care, using quantitative measures. METHODS Data were collected from projects funded by a 4-year participatory program addressing the social position of YPCC. These projects addressed challenges associated with, for example, going to college with a physical disability, transitions in care and finding a job. Project coordinators filled out project reports with questions about PPI, that is, to what extent were YPCC involved, were they involved as co-deciders and were they involved in developing the project idea. YPCC filled out questionnaires with questions about PPI, that is, the number of PPI activities and self-perceived importance for the project. They also answered questions about the influence of the project on their social position. Based on these questions, a project outcome scale was developed. RESULTS The data concerned 17 projects and 146 YPCC. Variation existed in project outcomes, of which 27% was associated with differences between projects. Using multilevel analyses, a significant relation was found between the self-perceived importance of YPCC for the project and the project outcomes they experience (0.232, p < 0.01). There was no significant association with the other PPI variables. CONCLUSIONS This study provided some first quantitative evidence that PPI has a positive impact on the YPCC involved. It is suggested that the meaningfulness of PPI matters more to them than the number of activities and amount of influence provided to YPCC. We strongly recommend conducting more research that critically examines impact of PPI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke van Schelven
- Department Perspective of patients and clients in healthcare, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Groenewegen
- Department Perspective of patients and clients in healthcare, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Sociology and Department Human Geography, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Spreeuwenberg
- Department Perspective of patients and clients in healthcare, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jany Rademakers
- Department Perspective of patients and clients in healthcare, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Family Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Hennie Boeije
- Department Perspective of patients and clients in healthcare, Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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50
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Dall’Oglio I, Gasperini G, Carlin C, Biagioli V, Gawronski O, Spitaletta G, Grimaldi Capitello T, Salata M, Vanzi V, Rocco G, Tiozzo E, Vellone E, Raponi M. Self-Care in Pediatric Patients with Chronic Conditions: A Systematic Review of Theoretical Models. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073513. [PMID: 33800684 PMCID: PMC8037526 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: To improve outcomes in children and young adults (CYAs) with chronic conditions, it is important to promote self-care through education and support. Aims: (1) to retrieve the literature describing theories or conceptual models of self-care in CYAs with chronic conditions and (2) to develop a comprehensive framework. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted on nine databases, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. All peer-reviewed papers describing a theory or a conceptual model of self-care in CYAs (0–24 years) with chronic conditions were included. Results: Of 2674 records, 17 met the inclusion criteria. Six papers included a theory or a model of self-care, self-management, or a similar concept. Six papers developed or revised pre-existing models or theories, while five papers did not directly focus on a specific model or a theory. Patients were CYAs, mainly with type 1 diabetes mellitus and asthma. Some relevant findings about self-care in CYAs with neurocognitive impairment and in those living with cancer may have been missed. Conclusions: By aggregating the key elements of the 13 self-care conceptual models identified in the review, we developed a new overarching model emphasizing the shift of self-care agency from family to patients as main actors of their self-management process. The model describes influencing factors, self-care behaviors, and outcomes; the more patients engaged in self-care behaviors, the more the outcomes were favorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Immacolata Dall’Oglio
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0668592984; Fax: +39-0668592100
| | - Giulia Gasperini
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudia Carlin
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Valentina Biagioli
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Orsola Gawronski
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Giuseppina Spitaletta
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Teresa Grimaldi Capitello
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Michele Salata
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Valentina Vanzi
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Gennaro Rocco
- Centre of Excellence for Nursing Scholarship-Nursing Professional Order of Rome, Viale Giulio Cesare, 78, 00192 Rome, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Tiozzo
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
| | - Ercole Vellone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimiliano Raponi
- Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant’Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy; (G.G.); (C.C.); (V.B.); (O.G.); (G.S.); (T.G.C.); (M.S.); (V.V.); (E.T.); (M.R.)
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