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Karaca E, Yarim M. Naringenin stimulates aromatase expression and alleviates the clinical and histopathological findings of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57bl6 mice. Histochem Cell Biol 2023; 160:477-490. [PMID: 37378907 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-023-02217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to demonstrate the possible protective and therapeutic effects of naringenin, an estrogenically effective flavonoid, in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which is the rodent model of multiple sclerosis. For this purpose, 50 12-week-old C57BL6 male mice were divided into five groups; control, naringenin, EAE, prophylactic naringenin + EAE, and EAE + therapeutic naringenin. The EAE model was induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(35-55), and naringenin (50 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage. The prophylactic and therapeutic effects of naringenin were examined according to clinical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, electron microscopic, and RT-PCR (aromatase, 3βHSD, estrogen receptors, and progesterone receptor expression) parameters. The acute EAE model was successfully induced, along with its clinical and histopathological findings. RT-PCR showed that expression of aromatase, 3βHSD, estrogen receptor-β, and progesterone receptor gene decreased, while estrogen receptor-α increased after EAE induction. Electron microscopic analysis showed mitochondrial damage and degenerative changes in myelinated axons and neurons in EAE, which could be behind the downregulation in the expressions of neurosteroid enzymes. Aromatase immunopositivity rates also decreased in EAE, while estrogen receptor α and β, and progesterone receptor immunopositivity rates increased. Naringenin improved aromatase immunopositivity rates and gene expression in both prophylactic and therapeutic use. Clinical and histopathological findings revealed that EAE findings were alleviated in both prophylactic and therapeutic groups, along with significantly decreased inflammatory cell infiltrations in the white matter of the spinal cords. In conclusion, naringenin could provide long-term beneficial effects even in prophylactic use due to stimulating aromatase expression, but it could not prevent or eliminate the EAE model's lesions completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efe Karaca
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55200, Atakum, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Murat Yarim
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55200, Atakum, Samsun, Turkey
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2
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Zorzella-Pezavento SFG, Mimura LAN, Denadai MB, de Souza WDF, Fraga-Silva TFDC, Sartori A. Is there a window of opportunity for the therapeutic use of vitamin D in multiple sclerosis? Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:1945-1954. [PMID: 35142671 PMCID: PMC8848597 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.335139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune treatable but not curable disease. There are a multiplicity of medications for multiple sclerosis therapy, including a class entitled disease-modifying drugs that are mainly indicated to reduce the number and severity of disease relapses. Not all patients respond well to these therapies, and minor to severe adverse effects have been reported. Vitamin D, called sunshine vitamin, is being studied as a possible light at the end of the tunnel. In this review, we recapitulated the similar immunopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, the immunomodulatory and neuroprotective potential of vitamin D and the state-of-art concerning its supplementation to multiple sclerosis patients. Finally, based on our and other groups’ experimental findings, we analyzed the need to consider the relevance of the route and the different time-point administration aspects for a more rational indication of this vitamin to multiple sclerosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza Ayumi Nishiyama Mimura
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Bonifácio Denadai
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - William Danilo Fernandes de Souza
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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3
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Huo Z, Ge F, Li C, Cheng H, Lu Y, Wang R, Wen Y, Yue K, Pan Z, Peng H, Wu X, Liang H, He J, Liang W. Genetically predicted insomnia and lung cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization study. Sleep Med 2021; 87:183-190. [PMID: 34627121 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between insomnia and lung cancer is scanty. The Mendelian randomization approach provides the rationale for evaluating the potential causality between genetically-predicted insomnia and lung cancer risk. METHODS We extracted 148 insomnia-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs) from published genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Summary data of individual-level genetic information of participants were obtained from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO) (29,266 cases and 56,450 controls). MR analyses were performed using the inverse-variance-weighted approach, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test, weighted median estimator, and MR-Egger regression. Sensitivity analyses were further performed using Egger intercept analysis, leave-one-out analysis, MR-PRESSO global test, and Cochran's Q test to verify the robustness of our findings. RESULTS The results of the MR analysis indicated an increased risk of lung cancer in insomnia patients (OR = 1.1671; 95% CI 1.0754-1.2666, p = 0.0002). The subgroup analyses showed increased risks of lung adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.1878; 95% CI 1.0594-1.3317, p = 0.0032) and squamous cell lung cancer (OR = 1.1595; 95% CI 1.0248-1.3119, p = 0.0188). CONCLUSION Our study indicated that insomnia is a causal risk factor in the development of lung cancer. Due to the lack of evidence on both the epidemiology and the mechanism level, more studies are needed to better elucidate the results of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Huo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Fan Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Caichen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Heting Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Department of Psychology, School of Health Management, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Runchen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yaokai Wen
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Keqi Yue
- Department of Biological Science, The Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zixuan Pan
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Haoxin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiangrong Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China; Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Xinzao Road, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hengrui Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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4
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Ge F, Huo Z, Li C, Wang R, Wang R, Liu Y, Chen J, Lu Y, Wen Y, Jiang Y, Peng H, Wu X, Liang H, He J, Liang W. Lung cancer risk in patients with multiple sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization analysis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2021; 51:102927. [PMID: 33812221 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2021.102927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship of multiple sclerosis (MS) with lung cancer is under debate. Conventional observational studies have reported conflicting findings, but such studies are susceptible to confounding and reverse causation. With a Mendelian Randomization approach, we were able to evaluate the causality between MS and lung cancer. METHODS According to published genome-wide association studies (GWASs), we obtained 35 MS-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms, which were used as instrumental variables in our study. Summary data of individual-level genetic information were obtained from the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO), with a total of 15,861 controls and 11,348 cases; the latter is composed of patients with lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell lung cancer. The inverse variance-weighted method was applied to estimate the causation between MS and lung cancer. To further evaluate the pleiotropy, the MR-Egger and Weighted median methods were implemented. RESULTS The results of MR analysis suggested a causal effect of MS on lung cancer incidence, with evidence of an increased risk for overall lung cancer [odds ratio (OR): 1.0648; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0163-1.1156; p = 0.0082]. However, subgroup analyses showed no significant causal relationships between MS and lung adenocarcinoma (OR = 1.0716; 95% CI 0.9840-1.1671, p = 0.1119) and squamous cell lung cancer (OR = 1.0284; 95% CI 0.9575-1.1045, p = 0.4424). In addition, no pleiotropy was found in our study. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that MS is a causal risk factor in the development of lung cancer. Further work is needed to elucidate the potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Ge
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zhenyu Huo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Caichen Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Runchen Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, First Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yeling Liu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Third Clinical School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jiana Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yaokai Wen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Haoxin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Xiangrong Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Clinical Medicine, Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hengrui Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jianxing He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Wenhua Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, China State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Department of Oncology, the First People's Hospital of Zhaoqing, Zhaoqing, 526000, China.
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5
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de Campos Fraga-Silva TF, Mimura LAN, de Oliveira LRC, Dos Santos Toledo JH, Borim PA, Zorzella-Pezavento SFG, Alonso DP, Ribolla PEM, de Oliveira CAF, da Fonseca DM, Villablanca EJ, Sartori A. Selenization of S. cerevisiae increases its protective potential in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by triggering an intestinal immunomodulatory loop. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22190. [PMID: 33335128 PMCID: PMC7746691 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the myelinated central nervous system (CNS) neurons and triggers physical and cognitive disabilities. Conventional therapy is based on disease-modifying drugs that control disease severity but can also be deleterious. Complementary medicines have been adopted and evidence indicates that yeast supplements can improve symptoms mainly by modulating the immune response. In this investigation, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its selenized derivative (Selemax) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Female C57BL/6 mice submitted to EAE induction were orally supplemented with these yeasts by gavage from day 0 to day 14 after EAE induction. Both supplements determined significant reduction in clinical signs concomitantly with diminished Th1 immune response in CNS, increased proportion of Foxp3+ lymphocytes in inguinal and mesenteric lymph nodes and increased microbiota diversity. However, Selemax was more effective clinically and immunologically; it reduced disease prevalence more sharply, increased the proportion of CD103+ dendritic cells expressing high levels of PD-L1 in mesenteric lymph nodes and reduced the intestinal inflammatory process more strongly than S. cerevisiae. These results suggest a clear gut-brain axis modulation by selenized S. cerevisiae and suggest their inclusion in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Institute of Biotechnology (IBTEC), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Eduardo J Villablanca
- Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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6
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Hu S, Dai J, Chen X. Vitamin D reduces autophagy by regulating NF-κB resistance to Aspergillus fumigatus infection. Gene 2020; 753:144819. [PMID: 32485309 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D is one of the indispensable nutrients of human body. When vitamin D is deficient, it can cause a series of related diseases, such as respiratory tract infection. The regulatory role of vitamin D in inflammatory immune response and defense has attracted more and more attention. However, few studies have shown that vitamin D regulates inflammation and autophagy in Aspergillus fumigatus infected lungs. In this study, we will explain the mechanism of vitamin D regulating inflammation and autophagy in Aspergillus fumigatus infected lungs. METHODS Different concentrations of Aspergillus fumigatus spores were injected into mice with deficien diets (VitD-) or sufficient vitamin D (VitD + ) , and the survival rates were recorded. Then, the weight changes of rats were measured every other time. At the same time, a gauze was used to filter the lapped lung tissue to get the pulmonary spores and measured the amount of the spores. The mice with the same concentration of Aspergillus fumigatus infected were cut off and the lung tissue for pathological examination in the deficien diets (VitD-) group or sufficient vitamin D (VitD + ) group. Moreover, the expression of inflammation related factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in lung was measured by immunohistochemical method. The expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 in the serum of vitamin D deficiency and sufficient mice were measured by ELISA. In vitro, we obtained macrophages from healthy mice and mixed cultures of Aspergillus fumigatus spores and lung macrophages in medium with or without vitamin D. After the cells were infected with Aspergillus fumigatus spores, the expressions of NF-κB and IL-8 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The RAW264.7 cells transfected with GFP-LC3BII were mixed with Aspergillus fumigatus spores, and the expression of cell fluorescence was observed by the fluorescence microscope with or without chloroquine and rapamycin , and the autophagy flow of the cells was measured by Western blot. In the RAW264.7 cells, Lentivirus transfection and SiRNA technologies were used to enhance or reduce the expression of the NF-κB gene (siNF-κB) for investgating the influence of high or low expression of NF-κB in the autophagic flow of vitamin D + or vitamin D-treated RAW264.7 cells. RESULTS The survival rate of vitamin D deficient mice infected Aspergillus fumigatus was significantly lower than that of vitamin D sufficient mice, while the number of spores, spore activity, pathological changes of lungs and inflammation in the lungs of vitamin D deficient mice were more severe than that of vitamin D sufficient mice. In vitro cell experiments, when cell was stimulated with vitamin D, the expressions of NF-κB and IL-8 in cells were lower. The autophagic flux and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and LC3BII in vitamin D group were significantly lower than those in vitamin D deficiency group. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D deficiency can aggravate the inflammatory damage in the lungs of Aspergillus fumigatus. When the body is sufficient in vitamin D, if the lungs infect Aspergillus fumigatus spores, the body may resist the infection of Aspergillus fumigatus by reducing the expression of NF-κB, inflammatory factors and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxia Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232000, PR China
| | - Jingjing Dai
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, PR China.
| | - Xiufeng Chen
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, Anhui 232000, PR China.
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Long HC, Wu R, Liu CF, Xiong FL, Xu Z, He D, Zhang YF, Shao B, Zhang PA, Xu GY, Chu L. MiR-125a-5p Regulates Vitamin D Receptor Expression in a Mouse Model of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Neurosci Bull 2019; 36:110-120. [PMID: 31428926 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00418-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and incurable autoimmune neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Although the symptoms of MS can be managed by vitamin D3 treatment alone, this condition cannot be completely eradicated. Thus, there might be unknown factors capable of regulating the vitamin D receptor (VDR). Genome-wide analysis showed that miRNAs were associated with VDRs. We sought to determine the role and mechanism of action of miRNA-125a-5p and VDRs in a model of MS, mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), which was induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 peptides. EAE mice showed decreased mean body weight but increased mean clinical scores compared with vehicle or control mice. And inflammatory infiltration was found in the lumbosacral spinal cord of EAE mice. In addition, VDR expression was significantly lower while the expression of miR-125a-5p was markedly higher in the spinal ventral horn of EAE mice than in vehicle or control mice. Importantly, activation of VDRs by paricalcitol or inhibition of miR-125a-5p by its antagomir markedly decreased the mean clinical scores in EAE mice. Interestingly, VDR and miR-125a-5p were co-localized in the same neurons of the ventral horn. More importantly, inhibition of miR-125a-5p remarkably blocked the decrease of VDRs in EAE mice. These results support a critical role for miR-125a-5p in modulating VDR activity in EAE and suggest potential novel therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Chun Long
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215008, China.,Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Xingyi City Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Xingyi, 562400, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215008, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fei-Long Xiong
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215008, China.,Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Xingyi City Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Xingyi, 562400, China
| | - Zu Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Dian He
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, China
| | - Ping-An Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Lan Chu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, China. .,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215008, China.
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8
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Zorzella-Pezavento SFG, Mimura LAN, Fraga-Silva TFC, Ishikawa LLW, França TGD, Sartori A. Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Is Successfully Controlled by Epicutaneous Administration of MOG Plus Vitamin D Analog. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1198. [PMID: 29085356 PMCID: PMC5650696 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been widely employed to evaluate new strategies to control MS, including procedures to induce immunological tolerance. Considering that skin exposure to protein antigens can induce tolerance and that vitamin D analogs conserve immunomodulatory potential and are less toxic, we investigated the efficacy of epicutaneous application of a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide (MOG35–55) associated with paricalcitol (PARI) on EAE development. Three and 11 days after EAE induction, C57BL/6 mice were treated with an occlusive patch containing MOG plus PARI. Clinical parameters were daily assessed, whereas immunological and histological evaluations were performed during the acute EAE phase. MOG and MOG + PARI significantly controlled disease development reducing weight loss and clinical score. Moreover, MOG and MOG + PARI reduced the inflammatory process and preserved the myelin sheath in the CNS. High percentages of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) and lower MHCII fluorescence intensity in dendritic cells in draining lymph nodes were concomitantly observed. MOG + PARI association was, however, more efficient being able to reduce disease incidence and clinical scores more significantly than MOG or PARI alone. This experimental group also displayed a higher ratio between mRNA expression for Foxp3 and RORc and a higher percentage of Foxp3+ cells in the CNS. Modulation of activation markers observed in microglial cells eluted from EAE treated mice were confirmed by in vitro studies with the BV-2 microglial cell line. The results show that MOG + PARI association applied by an epicutaneous route controlled EAE development. Protective involved mechanisms include mainly a higher proportion of Tregs and also a direct immunomodulatory effect of PARI on microglial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiza Ayumi Nishiyama Mimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Lumi Watanabe Ishikawa
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Thais Graziela Donegá França
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Alexandrina Sartori
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
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9
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pVAXhsp65 Vaccination Primes for High IL-10 Production and Decreases Experimental Encephalomyelitis Severity. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:6257958. [PMID: 28321419 PMCID: PMC5339488 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6257958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a demyelinating pathology of the central nervous system (CNS) used as a model to study multiple sclerosis immunopathology. EAE has also been extensively employed to evaluate potentially therapeutic schemes. Considering the presence of an immune response directed to heat shock proteins (hsps) in autoimmune diseases and the immunoregulatory potential of these molecules, we evaluated the effect of a previous immunization with a genetic vaccine containing the mycobacterial hsp65 gene on EAE development. C57BL/6 mice were immunized with 4 pVAXhsp65 doses and 14 days later were submitted to EAE induction by immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG35–55) emulsified in Complete Freund's Adjuvant. Vaccinated mice presented significant lower clinical scores and lost less body weight. MOG35–55 immunization also determined less inflammation in lumbar spinal cord but did not change CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells frequency in spleen and CNS. Infiltrating cells from the CNS stimulated with rhsp65 produced significantly higher levels of IL-10. These results suggest that the ability of pVAXhsp65 vaccination to control EAE development is associated with IL-10 induction.
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