1
|
Martin SS, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Anderson CAM, Arora P, Avery CL, Baker-Smith CM, Barone Gibbs B, Beaton AZ, Boehme AK, Commodore-Mensah Y, Currie ME, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Generoso G, Heard DG, Hiremath S, Johansen MC, Kalani R, Kazi DS, Ko D, Liu J, Magnani JW, Michos ED, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Parikh NI, Perman SM, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Shah NS, St-Onge MP, Thacker EL, Tsao CW, Urbut SM, Van Spall HGC, Voeks JH, Wang NY, Wong ND, Wong SS, Yaffe K, Palaniappan LP. 2024 Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics: A Report of US and Global Data From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2024; 149:e347-e913. [PMID: 38264914 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 124.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, nutrition, sleep, and obesity) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, glucose control, and metabolic syndrome) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The AHA Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, brain health, complications of pregnancy, kidney disease, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, sudden cardiac arrest, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, valvular disease, venous thromboembolism, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The AHA, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States and globally to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing. The 2024 AHA Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort in 2023 by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and AHA staff members. The AHA strives to further understand and help heal health problems inflicted by structural racism, a public health crisis that can significantly damage physical and mental health and perpetuate disparities in access to health care, education, income, housing, and several other factors vital to healthy lives. This year's edition includes additional global data, as well as data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with an enhanced focus on health equity across several key domains. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
Collapse
|
2
|
Harse JD, Marriott RJ, Zhu K, Murray K, Bucks RS. Vitamin D status and cognitive performance in community-dwelling adults: A dose-response meta-analysis of observational studies. Front Neuroendocrinol 2023:101080. [PMID: 37268277 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Low vitamin D status is linked with poorer cognition in adults while findings in relation to high levels are mixed.We performed a systematic review and meta-analyses to examine dose-response associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levelsand cognitive performance in community-dwelling adults. Thirty-eight observational studies were included in dose-response meta-analyses. Positive, nonlinear associations were identified between baseline25OHD levels and global cognition incross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, and for performance in memory and executive function in longitudinal analyses. When restricted to studies involving older adults, thepattern emerged forspecific domains in cross-sectional analyses. Poorer performance was associated with low 25OHD levels, while a sharp improvement was associated withlevels up to 60-70 nM/L. Further improvement was observed only for longitudinal global cognition. Our findings support the association between low vitamin D and poorer cognition and suggest levels of at least 60 nM/L are associated with better cognition during ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janis D Harse
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia.
| | - Ross J Marriott
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia; Medical School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia
| | - Kevin Murray
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia
| | - Romola S Bucks
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Díaz-Camargo E, Hernández-Lalinde J, Sánchez-Rubio M, Chaparro-Suárez Y, Álvarez-Caicedo L, Fierro-Zarate A, Gravini-Donado M, García-Pacheco H, Rojas-Quintero J, Bermúdez V. NHANES 2011-2014 Reveals Decreased Cognitive Performance in U.S. Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome Combinations. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5257. [PMID: 37047872 PMCID: PMC10093810 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
A relationship between metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment has been evidenced across research; however, conflicting results have been observed. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3179 adults older than 60 from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to analyze the relationship between metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment. In our results, we found that adults with abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, and low HDL cholesterol had 4.39 fewer points in the CERAD immediate recall test than adults without any metabolic syndrome factors [Beta = -4.39, SE = 1.32, 17.75 (1.36) vs. 22.14 (0.76)]. In addition, people with this metabolic syndrome combination exhibited 2.39 fewer points in the CERAD delayed recall test than those without metabolic syndrome criteria [Beta = -2.39, SE = 0.46, 4.32 (0.49) vs. 6.71 (0.30)]. It was also found that persons with high blood pressure, hyperglycemia, and low HDL-cholesterol levels reached 4.11 points less in the animal fluency test than people with no factors [Beta = -4.11, SE = 1.55, 12.67 (2.12) vs. 16.79 (1.35)]. These findings suggest that specific metabolic syndrome combinations are essential predictors of cognitive impairment. In this study, metabolic syndrome combinations that included obesity, fasting hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, and low HDL-cholesterol were among the most frequent criteria observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Díaz-Camargo
- Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia
| | - Juan Hernández-Lalinde
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Biomédicas, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia
| | - María Sánchez-Rubio
- Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia
| | - Yudy Chaparro-Suárez
- Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia
| | - Liseth Álvarez-Caicedo
- Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia
| | - Alexandra Fierro-Zarate
- Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Cúcuta 540006, Colombia
| | - Marbel Gravini-Donado
- Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas y Sociales, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
| | - Henry García-Pacheco
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad del Zulia, Hospital General del Sur, Dr. Pedro Iturbe, Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
- Unidad de Cirugía para Obesidad y Metabolismo (UCOM), Maracaibo 4004, Venezuela
| | - Joselyn Rojas-Quintero
- Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Department, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Valmore Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080001, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Anderson CAM, Arora P, Avery CL, Baker-Smith CM, Beaton AZ, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Commodore-Mensah Y, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Eze-Nliam C, Fugar S, Generoso G, Heard DG, Hiremath S, Ho JE, Kalani R, Kazi DS, Ko D, Levine DA, Liu J, Ma J, Magnani JW, Michos ED, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Parikh NI, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Shah NS, St-Onge MP, Thacker EL, Virani SS, Voeks JH, Wang NY, Wong ND, Wong SS, Yaffe K, Martin SS. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2023 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2023; 147:e93-e621. [PMID: 36695182 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1269] [Impact Index Per Article: 1269.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update with review of published literature through the year before writing. The 2023 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort in 2022 by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. The American Heart Association strives to further understand and help heal health problems inflicted by structural racism, a public health crisis that can significantly damage physical and mental health and perpetuate disparities in access to health care, education, income, housing, and several other factors vital to healthy lives. This year's edition includes additional COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) publications, as well as data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with an enhanced focus on health equity across several key domains. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
Collapse
|
5
|
Mustafa Khalid N, Haron H, Shahar S, Fenech M. Current Evidence on the Association of Micronutrient Malnutrition with Mild Cognitive Impairment, Frailty, and Cognitive Frailty among Older Adults: A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15722. [PMID: 36497797 PMCID: PMC9736259 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Micronutrient malnutrition is thought to play an important role in the cause of cognitive impairment and physical frailty. The purpose of this scoping review was to map current evidence on the association between micronutrient deficiency in blood and mild cognitive impairment, frailty, and cognitive frailty among older adults. The scoping review was conducted based on the 2005 methodological framework by Arksey and O'Malley. The search strategy for potential literature on micronutrient concentration in blood and cognitive frailty was retrieved based on the keywords using electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Ovid, and Science Direct) from January 2010 to December 2021. Gray literature was also included in the searches. A total of 4310 articles were retrieved and 43 articles were incorporated in the review. Findings revealed a trend of significant association between low levels of B vitamins (folate and vitamin B12), vitamin D, vitamin A, vitamin E, omega 3 fatty acid, and albumin, and high homocysteine levels in blood with an increased risk of mild cognitive impairment among older adults. The results also indicated that low vitamin D levels, albumin, and antioxidants (lutein and zeaxanthin) in blood were significantly associated with frailty among older adults, while β-cryptoxanthin and zeaxanthin in blood were inversely associated with the risk of cognitive frailty. Vitamin D and antioxidants seemed to be targeted nutrients for the prevention of cognitive frailty. In conclusion, a wide range of micronutrient deficiency was associated with either mild cognitive impairment or frailty; however, little evidence exists on the dual impairment, i.e., cognitive frailty. This scoping review can serve as preliminary evidence for the association between micronutrient deficiency in blood and mild cognitive impairment, frailty, and cognitive frailty among older adults and prove the relevancy of the topic for future systematic reviews.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norhayati Mustafa Khalid
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Haron
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Shahar
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
| | - Michael Fenech
- Center for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia
- Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA 5048, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu H, Khuram Raza H, Li Z, Li Z, Zu J, Xu C, Yang D, Cui G. Correlation between serum 25(OH)D and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 100:192-195. [PMID: 35489254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2022.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), hoping to provide possible ideas for the diagnosis and prevention of PD with cognitive impairment. Vitamin D is a neurosteroid with neurotrophic and neuroprotective functions, playing an important role in PD and its progression. In the present study, serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly decreased in PD patients (45.86 ± 14.81 nmol/L)compared to healthy controls(56.54 ± 14.00 nmol/L) (P < 0.001), and significant differences were also observed in PD patients with normal cognition (PD-NC), PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI)and PD patients with dementia (PDD)(P < 0.05). Moreover, there was a positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D levels and Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA) scores (r = 0.489,P < 0.001).The increased serum 25(OH)D was an independent protective factor of cognitive impairment in PD (OR = 0. 949, P = 0.005), and the sensitivity, specificity, and AUC under the ROC curve area of serum 25(OH)D were 53.3%, 86.5%, and 0.713, respectively. These findings support the relationship between cognitive impairment and Vitamin D in PD patients. Serum 25(OH)D may be a useful biomarker for diagnosing cognitive impairment in patients with PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hafiz Khuram Raza
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeheng Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanying Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guiyun Cui
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 99 Huaihai West Road, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tsao CW, Aday AW, Almarzooq ZI, Alonso A, Beaton AZ, Bittencourt MS, Boehme AK, Buxton AE, Carson AP, Commodore-Mensah Y, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Eze-Nliam C, Ferguson JF, Generoso G, Ho JE, Kalani R, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Levine DA, Lewis TT, Liu J, Loop MS, Ma J, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Perak AM, Poudel R, Rezk-Hanna M, Roth GA, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Thacker EL, VanWagner LB, Virani SS, Voecks JH, Wang NY, Yaffe K, Martin SS. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2022 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2022; 145:e153-e639. [PMID: 35078371 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000001052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2475] [Impact Index Per Article: 1237.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2022 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year's edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population and an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, vascular contributions to brain health, and the global burden of cardiovascular disease and healthy life expectancy. RESULTS Each of the chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policymakers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee YS, Hong N, Witanto JN, Choi YR, Park J, Decazes P, Eude F, Kim CO, Chang Kim H, Goo JM, Rhee Y, Yoon SH. Deep neural network for automatic volumetric segmentation of whole-body CT images for body composition assessment. Clin Nutr 2021; 40:5038-5046. [PMID: 34365038 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Body composition analysis on CT images is a valuable tool for sarcopenia assessment. We aimed to develop and validate a deep neural network applicable to whole-body CT images of PET-CT scan for the automatic volumetric segmentation of body composition. METHODS For model development, one hundred whole-body or torso 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT scans of 100 patients were retrospectively included. Two radiologists semi-automatically labeled the following seven body components in every CT image slice, providing a total of 46,967 image slices from the 100 scans for training the 3D U-Net (training, 39,268 slices; tuning, 3116 slices; internal validation, 4583 slices): skin, bone, muscle, abdominal visceral fat, subcutaneous fat, internal organs with vessels, and central nervous system. The segmentation accuracy was assessed using reference masks from three external datasets: two Korean centers (4668 and 4796 image slices from 20 CT scans, each) and a French public dataset (3763 image slices from 24 CT scans). The 3D U-Net-driven values were clinically validated using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and by assessing the model's diagnostic performance for sarcopenia in a community-based elderly cohort (n = 522). RESULTS The 3D U-Net achieved accurate body composition segmentation with an average dice similarity coefficient of 96.5%-98.9% for all masks and 92.3%-99.3% for muscle, abdominal visceral fat, and subcutaneous fat in the validation datasets. The 3D U-Net-derived torso volume of skeletal muscle and fat tissue and the average area of those tissues in the waist were correlated with BIA-derived appendicular lean mass (correlation coefficients: 0.71 and 0.72, each) and fat mass (correlation coefficients: 0.95 and 0.93, each). The 3D U-Net-derived average areas of skeletal muscle and fat tissue in the waist were independently associated with sarcopenia (P < .001, each) with adjustment for age and sex, providing an area under the curve of 0.858 (95% CI, 0.815 to 0.901). CONCLUSIONS This deep neural network model enabled the automatic volumetric segmentation of body composition on whole-body CT images, potentially expanding adjunctive sarcopenia assessment on PET-CT scan and volumetric assessment of metabolism in whole-body muscle and fat tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Seong Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Namki Hong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Ye Ra Choi
- Department of Radiology, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junghoan Park
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Pierre Decazes
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Henri Becquerel Cancer Center, Rouen, France
| | - Florian Eude
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Henri Becquerel Cancer Center, Rouen, France
| | - Chang Oh Kim
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Mo Goo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yumie Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Soon Ho Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea; MEDICALIP Co. Ltd., Seoul, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang X, Ji L, Tang Z, Ding G, Chen X, Lv J, Chen Y, Li D. The association of metabolic syndrome and cognitive impairment in Jidong of China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:40. [PMID: 33663435 PMCID: PMC7934472 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00705-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is prevalent in the general population and has been reported to be an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment. This study aimed to investigate the association of Mets with the risk of cognitive impairment. METHODS We studied 5854 participants from the Jidong community. Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-Mental State of Examination (MMSE) scale. Mets was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. We used logistic regression analysis to investigate the association of metabolic syndrome with the risk of cognitive impairment. RESULT Among the 5854 adults included in the study, the age mean (SD) of age was 44 (13.57) years, and 2916 (50.34%) were male. There was a higher (56.03%) cognitive impairment incidence rate among participants with Mets than among those without Mets. In addition, there was a significant association between Mets and cognitive impairment (OR: 2.39, 95% CI: 2.00-2.86, P < 0.05) after adjusting for potential confounders, including age, gender, education level, marital status, smoking and alcohol consumption status. Regarding the 5 Mets components, abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure were associated with the risk of Mets (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.09-1.70, P < 0.001; OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.07-1.63, P < 0.05). Moreover, the strongest statistical correlation (adjusted OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.22-2.83, P < 0.05) was found when the number of Mets components was three. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that Mets was associated with cognitive impairment and that abdominal obesity and hypertension were associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, 271016, P.R. China
| | - Long Ji
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, 271016, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoyang Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, 271016, P.R. China
| | - Guoyong Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, 271016, P.R. China
| | - Xueyu Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, 271016, P.R. China
| | - Jian Lv
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, 271016, P.R. China
| | - Yanru Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, 271016, P.R. China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 619 Changcheng Road, Taian, 271016, P.R. China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 706 Taisan Street, Taian, 271000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Virani SS, Alonso A, Aparicio HJ, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP, Chamberlain AM, Cheng S, Delling FN, Elkind MSV, Evenson KR, Ferguson JF, Gupta DK, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Lee CD, Lewis TT, Liu J, Loop MS, Lutsey PL, Ma J, Mackey J, Martin SS, Matchar DB, Mussolino ME, Navaneethan SD, Perak AM, Roth GA, Samad Z, Satou GM, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Shay CM, Stokes A, VanWagner LB, Wang NY, Tsao CW. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2021; 143:e254-e743. [PMID: 33501848 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3093] [Impact Index Per Article: 1031.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2021 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year's edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, vascular contributions to brain health, the global burden of cardiovascular disease, and further evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors related to cardiovascular disease. RESULTS Each of the 27 chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policy makers, media professionals, clinicians, health care administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhan C, Wang Q, Liu J, Wang L, Chen Z, Pang H, Tu J, Ning X, Wang J, Fei S. Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome and Cognitive Function: A Population-Based Study of Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults in Rural China. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:1927-1935. [PMID: 33958882 PMCID: PMC8096414 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s308250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To explore the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cognitive impairment in a low-income and low-education population. METHODS All residents aged ≥45 years in a low-income population in Tianjin, China, were eligible to participate in this study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale was used to conduct a preliminary screening and assessment of the participants' cognitive statuses. The MMSE components are orientation, registration, attention and calculation, recall, and language. RESULTS In this population, the prevalences of MetS and cognitive impairment were 54.1% and 44.5%, respectively. In the overall population, the registration score was 0.105 points lower in the elevated triglycerides (TG) group than in the normal TG group (β, -0.105; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.201, -0.010; P=0.030). In men, high TG was associated with registration scores that were 0.152 points lower than those in the normal TG group (95% CI: -0.281, -0.022; P=0.022), while larger WC and lower HDL-C had positive effects on cognitive scores (all P<0.05). However, in women, there were no significant differences between cognitive scores and MetS or its components. CONCLUSION In this population, first, TG had a great impact on cognition, even greater than the impact of MetS on cognition. Second, the impact of MetS components on cognition was more obvious in men, and not all of the effects were negative. Therefore, the effect of MetS on cognition may need to be analyzed separately for different populations, and it may be that the effect of a single component is greater than the overall effect. When formulating prevention strategies for cognitive impairments, population differences must also be taken into consideration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zongsheng Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Pang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Tu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianjia Ning
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Neurological Institute, Key Laboratory of Post-Neuroinjury Neuro-Repair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of China
- Jinghua Wang Laboratory of Epidemiology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Department of Neurology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-22-60817504Fax +86-22-60817448 Email
| | - Shizao Fei
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shizao Fei Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Wuhu, 259 Jiuhuazhong Road, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-553-3909017Fax +86-553-3832545 Email
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
van Beers M, Gosker HR, Janssen DJA, Cleutjens FAHM, Franssen FME, van Boxtel MPJ, Wouters EF, Ponds RWHM, Schols AMWJ. Cognitive performance in relation to metabolic disturbances in patients with COPD. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:2061-2067. [PMID: 33041090 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cognitive impairment (CI) and metabolic abnormalities, including the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and sarcopenia, are more prevalent in COPD patients compared to controls without diagnosed lung disease. Because earlier studies have shown these metabolic abnormalities may affect cognitive performance, this study investigated whether cognitive performance is more impaired in subgroups of COPD patients with MetS or sarcopenia. METHODS Cognitive performance patterns of 170 COPD patients referred for pulmonary rehabilitation (53.5% male, 63.4 ± 9.4 years, FEV1 54.5 ± 22.7% predicted) were compared between COPD subgroups stratified by presence of MetS and sarcopenia. Cognitive performance was assessed using a detailed neuropsychological test battery, which measured psychomotor speed (Stroop Color-Word Test, Concept Shifting Test, Letter-Digit Substitution Test), planning (Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome), working memory (Visual-Verbal Learning Test, Digit Span), verbal memory (Visual-Verbal Learning Test) and cognitive flexibility (Stroop Color-Word Test, Concept Shifting Test). MetS was determined according to the NCEP ATP-III criteria. Sarcopenia was determined based on decreased appendicular lean mass by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and impaired physical performance by 6-min walking distance. RESULTS MetS was observed in 54.7% and sarcopenia in 30.0% of COPD patients. The prevalence of general CI was not different between patients with and without MetS (30.4% and 39.0%, respectively) or those with and without sarcopenia (34.0% and 34.5%, respectively, both p > 0.05). Domain-specific cognitive performance was not different between metabolic subgroups, but those with sarcopenia displayed a lower prevalence of CI on verbal memory than those without (21.7% and 29.7%, respectively, p = 0.011). Only the digit span (working memory) subtest was significantly different between metabolic subgroups, in favor of those without MetS (p = 0.017). CONCLUSION Cognitive performance was not affected more in COPD patients with sarcopenia or MetS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martijn van Beers
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Harry R Gosker
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Daisy J A Janssen
- Department of Research and Development, CIRO, P.O. Box 4009, 6080 AA Haelen, the Netherlands; Department of Health Services Research, CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Fiona A H M Cleutjens
- Department of Research and Development, CIRO, P.O. Box 4009, 6080 AA Haelen, the Netherlands
| | - Frits M E Franssen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Research and Development, CIRO, P.O. Box 4009, 6080 AA Haelen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin P J van Boxtel
- Alzheimer Centrum Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel F Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Research and Development, CIRO, P.O. Box 4009, 6080 AA Haelen, the Netherlands
| | - Rudolf W H M Ponds
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology and Limburg Brain Injury Center, School for Mental Health and Neurosciences, Maastricht University, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Annemie M W J Schols
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6202 AZ Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Virani SS, Alonso A, Benjamin EJ, Bittencourt MS, Callaway CW, Carson AP, Chamberlain AM, Chang AR, Cheng S, Delling FN, Djousse L, Elkind MSV, Ferguson JF, Fornage M, Khan SS, Kissela BM, Knutson KL, Kwan TW, Lackland DT, Lewis TT, Lichtman JH, Longenecker CT, Loop MS, Lutsey PL, Martin SS, Matsushita K, Moran AE, Mussolino ME, Perak AM, Rosamond WD, Roth GA, Sampson UKA, Satou GM, Schroeder EB, Shah SH, Shay CM, Spartano NL, Stokes A, Tirschwell DL, VanWagner LB, Tsao CW. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2020; 141:e139-e596. [PMID: 31992061 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4842] [Impact Index Per Article: 1210.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports on the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular risk factors, including core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update presents the latest data on a range of major clinical heart and circulatory disease conditions (including stroke, congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, heart failure, valvular disease, venous disease, and peripheral artery disease) and the associated outcomes (including quality of care, procedures, and economic costs). METHODS The American Heart Association, through its Statistics Committee, continuously monitors and evaluates sources of data on heart disease and stroke in the United States to provide the most current information available in the annual Statistical Update. The 2020 Statistical Update is the product of a full year's worth of effort by dedicated volunteer clinicians and scientists, committed government professionals, and American Heart Association staff members. This year's edition includes data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, metrics to assess and monitor healthy diets, an enhanced focus on social determinants of health, a focus on the global burden of cardiovascular disease, and further evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the American Heart Association's 2020 Impact Goals. RESULTS Each of the 26 chapters in the Statistical Update focuses on a different topic related to heart disease and stroke statistics. CONCLUSIONS The Statistical Update represents a critical resource for the lay public, policy makers, media professionals, clinicians, healthcare administrators, researchers, health advocates, and others seeking the best available data on these factors and conditions.
Collapse
|
14
|
Hong N, Kim KJ, Lee SJ, Kim CO, Kim HC, Rhee Y, Youm Y, Choi JY, Park HY. Cohort profile: Korean Urban Rural Elderly (KURE) study, a prospective cohort on ageing and health in Korea. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e031018. [PMID: 31619427 PMCID: PMC6797282 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The Korean Urban Rural Elderly (KURE) cohort was initiated to study the epidemiologic characteristics, physical performance, laboratory and imaging biomarkers and incidence of age-related diseases in an elderly population with respect to both clinical and social aspects to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies for combatting age-related diseases. PARTICIPANTS A total of 3517 adults aged 65 or older participated in the cohort at baseline from 2012 to 2015, recruited from three urban districts and one rural district in Korea. The second-wave follow-up survey is now being conducted at a 4-year interval from baseline (2016-2019; follow-up rate 71.5%). The data set included detailed information on anthropometric and socioeconomic factors, functional assessments, image scans (plain radiography, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and CT), biospecimens (ie, serum, urine and DNA) and social support networks along with the feasibility of linkage to a national claims database. FINDINGS TO DATE Mean age of participants at entry was 71.9±4.6 years and 67% were women. From the KURE participants enrolled in baseline recruitment, several studies were published in the fields of cardiometabolic diseases, musculoskeletal health and the association between social support network and diseases in ageing. FUTURE PLANS Participants will be observed actively and passively every 4-5 years and the first follow-up will be completed in 2020. The KURE data set has strength in comprehensive physical function assessments, quantifiable imaging data sets using CT and detailed information regarding the social support networks of participants from a large community-based elderly Korean population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namki Hong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Joon Kim
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Su Jin Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chang Oh Kim
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeon Chang Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yumie Rhee
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoosik Youm
- Department of Sociology, Yonsei University College of Social Sciences, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Young Choi
- Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Park
- Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cheongju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Fiocco AJ, Krieger L, D'Amico D, Parrott MD, Laurin D, Gaudreau P, Greenwood C, Ferland G. A systematic review of existing peripheral biomarkers of cognitive aging: Is there enough evidence for biomarker proxies in behavioral modification interventions?: An initiative in association with the nutrition, exercise and lifestyle team of the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging. Ageing Res Rev 2019; 52:72-119. [PMID: 31059801 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral biomarkers have shown significant value in predicting brain health and may serve as a useful proxy measurement in the assessment of evidence-based lifestyle behavior modification programs, including physical activity and nutrition programs, that aim to maintain cognitive function in late life. The aim of this systematic review was to elucidate which peripheral biomarkers are robustly associated with cognitive function among relatively healthy non-demented older adults. Following the standards for systematic reviews (PICO, PRIMSA), and employing MEDLINE and Scopus search engines, 222 articles were included in the review. Based on the review of biomarker proxies of cognitive health, it is recommended that a comprehensive biomarker panel, or biomarker signature, be developed as a clinical end point for behavior modification trials aimed at enhancing cognitive function in late life. The biomarker signature should take a multisystemic approach, including lipid, immune/inflammatory, and metabolic biomarkers in the biological signature index of cognitive health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Krieger
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Danielle D'Amico
- Department of Psychology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Danielle Laurin
- Laval University, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, QC, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu Y, Li X, Zhao A, Zheng W, Guo M, Xue Y, Wang P, Zhang Y. High Prevalence of Insufficient Vitamin D Intake and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Chinese School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2018; 10:E822. [PMID: 29949856 PMCID: PMC6073881 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of vitamin D in early stages of life, data are lacking on the levels of vitamin D intake and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)D) among Chinese school-age children. The aims of this study were to investigate the vitamin D intake and serum 25-(OH)D concentration of children aged 7 to 12 years in China, and to measure the associations between vitamin D status and children's growth and development parameters. We obtained data on vitamin D intake, serum 25-(OH)D concentration, and anthropometric measurements from a cross-sectional study on school-aged children in China. Multiple linear regression and multivariable logistic regression analyses assessed the associations mentioned above. A total of 563 children (9.5 ± 1.6 years) from six areas of China were included. Among them, 86.1% had a vitamin D intake below the recommended nutrient intake (10 μg/day), and 54.7% had vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-(OH)D <15 ng/mL). We also found that high vitamin D intake was inversely associated with the risk of vitamin D deficiency (OR = 0.836, 95% confidence interval: 0.713, 0.980), and serum 25-(OH)D concentration was positively associated with the intelligence score and body mass index-for-age Z-score (BAZ) (p < 0.05). Insufficient vitamin D intake and serum 25-(OH)D are prevalent among Chinese school-aged children. A negative association was observed between vitamin D intake and the risk of vitamin D deficiency. Moreover, vitamin D status was positively associated with intelligence and BAZ, which await confirmation in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xinyi Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Ai Zhao
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Mofan Guo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yong Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yumei Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|