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Kodera R, Fujihara K, Koyama T, Shiozaki H, Mutsuma Y, Yagyuda N, Hatta M, Tsuruoka K, Takeda Y, Araki A, Sone H. Impact of a history of cardiovascular disease and physical activity habits on the incidence of functional disability. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20793. [PMID: 38012261 PMCID: PMC10682401 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-47913-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We examined the impact of a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) or cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and physical activity habits on functional disability among community-dwelling Japanese adults. This population-based retrospective cohort study included 10,661 people aged 39-98 years in Japan (5054, men). Median follow-up was 3.7 years. During the study period, 209 functional disabilities occurred in the overall study population. In multivariable analysis, a history of CVD (hazard ratio [HR] 1.57 [95% CI: 1.00-2.45]) and no physical activity habit (HR 1.74 [1.27-2.39]) presented increased risks for functional disability. HRs for functional disability among patients with a CVD history with and without a physical activity habit were 1.68 (0.75-3.74) and 2.65 (1.49-4.71), respectively, compared with individuals without a history of CVD with a physical activity habit. Similar results were observed for CAD. We found no significant difference in the incidence of functional disability between the group with a history of CAD or CVD and physical activity habits and the group with no history of CAD or CVD and without physical activity habits. Physical activity habits had a favorable influence on avoiding functional disability regardless of a history of CAD or CVD. Future prospective studies are needed to clarify these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remi Kodera
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2, Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuya Fujihara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Koyama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Haruka Shiozaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yurie Mutsuma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Noriko Yagyuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Mariko Hatta
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Kahori Tsuruoka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yasunada Takeda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
| | - Atsushi Araki
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2, Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sone
- Department of Internal Medicine, Niigata University Faculty of Medicine, 1-757, Asahimachi, Niigata, Niigata, Japan
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Kim H, Kim J, Ha J. Factors influencing mobility in community-dwelling older adults during the early COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1649. [PMID: 37641017 PMCID: PMC10464251 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In older adults, mobility is important for maintaining their independence and quality of life, and it influences their physical, cognitive, and social health. This study aimed to identify the physical and psychosocial factors that affected the mobility of community-dwelling older adults, aged 65 years or older, who were socially isolated during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic due to stay-at-home policies. METHODS The participants in this study were 214 community-dwelling older adults in Korea, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted from December 2020 to January 2021. Variables included participants' general characteristics, mobility, sitting time, depression, social support, and cognitive function. RESULTS Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing older adults' mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic were depression (β=-0.29, p < .001), age (65-74 years old) (β = 0.19, p = .002), a lower level of education (β=-0.17, p = .006), two or more comorbidities (β=-0.18, p = .001), sitting time (β=-0.17, p = .004), and the ability to drive a vehicle (β = 0.14, p = .017). CONCLUSIONS Home healthcare interventions are needed to limit psychosocial issues and improve mobility for older adults who had limited mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyori Kim
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juah Kim
- Department of Nursing, Korean Bible University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ha
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, 164 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, 16499, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Kawamura K, Osawa A, Tanimoto M, Kagaya H, Matsuura T, Arai H. Clinical frailty scale is useful in predicting return-to-home in patients admitted due to coronavirus disease. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:433. [PMID: 37442988 PMCID: PMC10347876 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection has been prolonged, with the highly contagious Omicron variant becoming the predominant variant by 2022. Many patients admitted to dedicated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wards (COVID-19 treatment units) develop disuse syndrome while being treated in the hospital, and their ability to perform activities of daily living declines, making it difficult for hospitals to discharge them. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the degree of frailty and home discharge of patients admitted to a COVID-19 treatment units. METHODS This study retrospectively examined the in-patient medical records of 138 patients (82.7 ± 7.6 years old) admitted to a COVID-19 treatment unit from January to December 2022. The end-point was to determine the patients' ability to be discharged from the unit directly to home; such patients were classified into the 'Home discharge' group and compared with those in the 'Difficulty in discharge' group. The degree of frailty was determined based on the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), and the relationship with the endpoint was analysed. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was created and the cut-off value was calculated with the possibility of home discharge as the state variable and CFS as the test variable. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with the possibility of home discharge as the dependent variable and CFS as the independent variable. RESULTS There were 75 patients in the Home discharge group and 63 in the Difficulty in discharge group. ROC analysis showed a CFS cut-off value of 6 or more, with a sensitivity of 70.7% and a specificity of 84.1%. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between possibility of home discharge and CFS even after adjusting for covariates, with an odds ratio of 13.44. CONCLUSIONS Based on the evaluation of the degree of frailty conducted in the COVID-19 treatment unit, it was possible to accurately predict whether a patient could be discharged directly to home after treatment CFS could be an effective screening tool to easily detect patients requiring ongoing hospitalisation even after the acute phase of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kawamura
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Aiko Osawa
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Tanimoto
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kagaya
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Matsuura
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
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Association between systemic inflammation and activities of daily living disability among Chinese elderly individuals: the mediating role of handgrip strength. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:767-774. [PMID: 34655430 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-021-02003-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging), which is a risk factor for low handgrip strength (HGS) and activities of daily living (ADL) disability. AIMS To explore the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) and ADL disability in Chinese elderly individuals and to further evaluate the mediating role of HGS in this association. METHODS We used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) that were collected in 2015. A total of 3601 elderly individuals aged ≥ 60 years were included. Baron and Kenny's causal steps method was used to explore the possible mediating role of HGS in the associations between CRP and ADL disability. Karlson-Holm-Breen method was further applied to decompose total effect into direct effect and indirect effect via HGS. Subgroup analysis was conducted by sex and age. RESULTS A high level of CRP (≥ 3 mg/L) was significantly associated with ADL disability after adjustment for covariates (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.17-1.94). After introducing HGS into the model, the risk estimate was reduced but still significant (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.08-1.81). The proportional mediation through HGS was 14.71%. Similar results were observed in both sexes and in participants aged < 70 years. CONCLUSION CRP was positively associated with the risk of ADL disability in Chinese elderly individuals, and this association was mediated by HGS. Improving muscle strength in combination with anti-inflammatory treatment may have a beneficial effect to maintain ADL ability. Further randomized controlled trials on this topic are necessary.
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Hu Y, Zhou F, Kaminga AC, Yan S, Hu Z. Associations of depressive symptoms and chronic diseases with activities of daily living among middle-aged and older population in China: A population-based cohort study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:848255. [PMID: 36003971 PMCID: PMC9393545 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.848255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activities of daily living (ADL) disability is a concern in the aging population and can lead to increased health service demands and lower quality of life. The aim of this longitudinal study was to assess the associations of chronic conditions and depressive symptoms with ADL disability. METHODS This prospective cohort study used two waves of data (2011 and 2015) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 10,864 participants aged 45 and older were included for analysis. Chronic diseases were assessed by self-report and depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated 10-item of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale at baseline. Incidents of ADL disability during follow-up were assessed using the Katz ADL scales. RESULTS After 4 years of follow-up, there were 704 participants incidents of ADL disability. The incident rate was 17.22 per 1,000 person-years. Having at least one chronic disease was independently associated with a 39% increased risk of incident ADL disability (adjusted HR, 1.39; 95%CI: 1.16, 1.67). The presence of depression symptoms was independently associated with a 54% increased risk of incident ADL disability (adjusted HR, 1.54; 95%CI: 1.30, 1.82). However, there was no significant additive interaction effect between chronic diseases and depressive symptoms on ADL disability. CONCLUSION Chronic diseases and depressive symptoms are associated with an increased risk of ADL disability in middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Improving chronic diseases and depressive symptoms can prevent ADL disability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyun Hu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feixiang Zhou
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Atipatsa Chiwanda Kaminga
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Mzuzu University, Mzuzu, Malawi.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shipeng Yan
- Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhou WBS, Meng J, Zhang J. Does Low Grade Systemic Inflammation Have a Role in Chronic Pain? Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:785214. [PMID: 34858140 PMCID: PMC8631544 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.785214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major clinical manifestations of peripheral neuropathy, either resulting from trauma or diseases, is chronic pain. While it significantly impacts patients’ quality of life, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive, and treatment is not satisfactory. Systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) that we are referring to in this perspective is a state of low-grade, persistent, non-infective inflammation, being found in many physiological and pathological conditions. Distinct from acute inflammation, which is a protective process fighting against intruders, SCI might have harmful effects. It has been associated with many chronic non-communicable diseases. We hypothesize that SCI could be a predisposing and/or precipitating factor in the development of chronic pain, as well as associated comorbidities. We reviewed evidence from human clinical studies indicating the coexistence of SCI with various types of chronic pain. We also collated existing data about the sources of SCI and who could have it, showing that those individuals or patients having SCI usually have higher prevalence of chronic pain and psychological comorbidities. We thus elaborate on the need for further research in the connection between SCI and chronic pain. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these complex interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Bo Sam Zhou
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - JingWen Meng
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ji Zhang
- The Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Nishimura T, Hagio A, Hamaguchi K, Kurihara T, Iemitsu M, Sanada K. Associations between locomotive and non-locomotive physical activity and physical performance in older community-dwelling females with and without locomotive syndrome: a cross-sectional study. J Physiol Anthropol 2021; 40:18. [PMID: 34736515 PMCID: PMC8570009 DOI: 10.1186/s40101-021-00268-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Locomotive syndrome (LS) is a condition of reduced mobility due to a disorder of the locomotive system. Increasing moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has been recommended to prevent LS. However, to increase daily MVPA is difficult for older people with LS. The MVPA consists of not only locomotive activities such as walking but also non-locomotive activities such as household activities. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between locomotive/non-locomotive MVPA and physical performance in older females with and without LS. Methods Participants of this cross-sectional study were 143 older community-dwelling Japanese females. The participants were divided into two groups based on the results of the stand-up test: the normal group (NL) (n = 86) and the LS group (n = 57). Both the locomotive and non-locomotive PA seperately measured with its intensity. The intensity of physical activity (PA) was calculated as METs and classified as sedentary behavior (SB 1–1.5 metabolic equivalent tasks (METs)), low-intensity physical activity (LPA 1.6–2.9 METs), and MVPA (≥ 3 METs). For example, locomotive LPA is slow walking speed of 54 m/min, and locomotive MVPA is walking speed of 67 m/min. While non-locomotive LPA is office work and cooking, non-locomotive MVPA is housecleaning. Physical function was evaluated by handgrip strength, walking speed, and 2-step test. Results Walking speed, hand-grip strength, 2-step test, daily step counts, and all PA measurements were not significantly different between two groups. In the LS, locomotive MVPA (r = 0.293, p < 0.05) and total MVPA (r = 0.299, p < 0.05) was significantly correlated with walking speed, but not in the NL. Conclusions Walking speed was positively correlated with locomotive MVPA and total MVPA in the LS group, but not in NL group. This result suggests that slow walking speed in older people with LS occur in connection with lower locomotive MVPA and total MVPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Nishimura
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.,Osaka College of Rehabilitation, Osaka, 530-0043, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hagio
- Department of Public Health Care and Welfare of Yawata City, Kyoto, 614-8501, Japan
| | - Kanako Hamaguchi
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kurihara
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Iemitsu
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan.
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Gait speed and 6-minute walking distance are useful for identifying difficulties in activities of daily living in patients with cardiovascular disease. Heart Lung 2021; 51:46-51. [PMID: 34731697 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) is common in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is associated with mortality. OBJECTIVES The relationship between gait speed/6-minute walking distance (6MWD) and difficulties in ADL in patients with CVD was explored. METHODS The study population consisted of 447 patients with CVD for whom data on gait speed, 6MWD, and difficulty in ADL during outpatient rehabilitation were available. Relationships of gait speed/6MWD and difficulty in ADL were examined using propensity-adjusted logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Both gait speed and 6MWD were significantly related to difficulty in ADL, and the areas under the curves were large. The cutoff values ranged from 0.93 to 1.30 m/s for gait speed and 370 to 500 m for 6MWD, from basic ADL to vigorous activities. CONCLUSIONS Both gait speed and 6MWD were used for the estimation of difficulty in ADL in patients with CVD. Gait speed can be measured easily and therefore could be incorporated in busy clinical practice to identify patients at risk for functional decline.
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Galvão LL, Silva RR, Tribess S, Santos DAT, Virtuoso JS. Physical activity combined with sedentary behaviour in the risk of mortality in older adults. Rev Saude Publica 2021; 55:60. [PMID: 34706037 PMCID: PMC8522709 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB), in isolation and combination, on all-cause mortality in older adults. METHODS Prospective, population-based cohort study. The data were collected from first wave in 2015 and the follow-up continued until 2020. The sample consisted of 332 older adult people aged ≥ 60 years-old, out of which 59 died. The level of PA and SB was assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The older adults were divided into PA categorized as sufficiently active and insufficiently active and into high and low SB. We built four combinations of PA and SB. Also, we used the Cox proportional hazards regression with a 95% confidence interval with hazard ratio estimate so as to verify the mortality risks between PA, SB, and the combinations of PA and SB. RESULTS Insufficiently active individuals had higher risks of mortality compared to sufficiently active people. We observed no associations between SB and mortality separately; however, when evaluated in a combined way, insufficiently active individuals and with a high SB time had a higher chance of mortality compared to active individuals with a low SB time. CONCLUSION Our isolated analyses demonstrate that complying with PA recommendations reduces the risk of mortality; however, no association was found between the time of PA exposure with the time of SB. When analysing the combination, being physically inactive and with a long time of SB showed higher mortality rates, with SB being an enhancer of this risk. The results of this study show the interdependence of SB for PA performed at moderate to vigorous intensity. The understanding of this interrelation must be considered in the formulation of public health guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Lima Galvão
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação FísicaUberabaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, MG, Brasil
| | - Rizia Rocha Silva
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação FísicaUberabaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, MG, Brasil
| | - Sheilla Tribess
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação FísicaUberabaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, MG, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroInstituto de Ciências da SaúdeDepartamento de Ciências do EsporteUberabaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Departamento de Ciências do Esporte. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, MG, Brasil
| | - Douglas Assis Teles Santos
- Universidade do Estado da BahiaDepartamento de EducaçãoTeixeira de FreitasBABrasilUniversidade do Estado da Bahia. Departamento de Educação. Teixeira de Freitas, Bahia, BA, Brasil
| | - Jair Sindra Virtuoso
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Educação FísicaUberabaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Física. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, MG, Brasil
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroInstituto de Ciências da SaúdeDepartamento de Ciências do EsporteUberabaMGBrasilUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro. Instituto de Ciências da Saúde. Departamento de Ciências do Esporte. Uberaba, Minas Gerais, MG, Brasil
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Long-Term Changes in Older Adults' Independence Levels for Performing Activities of Daily Living in Care Settings: A Nine-Year Follow-Up Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189641. [PMID: 34574566 PMCID: PMC8472257 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to clarify the variability in the independence profiles of specific activities of daily living (ADL) among older men and women. The research subjects were 5872 older adults (1143 men and 4729 women) certified as requiring nursing care or support (based on data obtained from the nursing care insurance certification survey database) who could be surveyed in both 2009 and 2018. Using item response theory, this study compared longitudinal data of difficulties faced by older adults during ADL. The results indicated that among the long-term care insurance-certified persons, in 2009, men had higher ADL difficulty than women in all ADL items, and in 2018, there was no significant difference in items other than dressing and excretion. Furthermore, the difference in the rate of ADL difficulty level over 9 years was significantly higher in women than in men. It was shown that the progression of ADL disability due to aging is faster in men on a yearly basis, but it increases in women with aging. Therefore, it was suggested that the rate of ADL difficulty varies depending on age and sex.
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Tavares DMDS, Oliveira NGN, Marmo FAD, Meneguci J. Using structural equation modeling in the understanding of functional disability in older adults. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2021; 29:e3451. [PMID: 34190942 PMCID: PMC8253352 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.4555.3451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to analyze functional disability and its associated factors among community-dwelling older adults. METHOD a cross-sectional study, conducted with 1,635 older adults distributed in the following age groups: 60 to 69, 70 to 79, and 80 years old or more, living in a health macro-region of the state of Minas Gerais. Descriptive and trajectory analysis was carried out (p<0.05). The parameters were estimated by the Maximum Likelihood method. RESULTS the highest percentage was female, with a monthly income of 1 minimum wage and living with a companion. In the age groups from 60 to 69 and from 70 to 79 years old, older adults with a partner predominated; and, among those aged 80 years old or more, widowed individuals prevailed. In the three groups, functional disability occurred hierarchically. Lower schooling, frailty and depressive symptomatology were factors directly associated with functional disability in the advanced activities; frailty and sedentary behavior were directly associated with functional disability in the instrumental activities. In the older adults aged between 60 and 69 years old and from 70 to 79 years old, sedentary behavior was associated with greater dependence on the basic activities. CONCLUSION the expanded understanding of the factors in the functional disability of the older adults, according to age group, helps the health professional in the development of preventive measures for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Flavia Aparecida Dias Marmo
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Departamento de
Enfermagem em Educação e Saúde Comunitária, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
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López-Teros MT, Rosas-Carrasco O, Sánchez-García S, Castro-Porras L, Luna-López A, Agudelo-Botero M. The Association of Osteosarcopenia With Functional Disability in Community-Dwelling Mexican Adults 50 and Older. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:674724. [PMID: 34164416 PMCID: PMC8215205 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.674724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcopenia (OS) has recently been described as a predictor of negative outcomes in older adults. However, this alteration in body composition has not been widely studied. In Mexico and Latin America, no information is available on its frequency or associated factors. Objective: To analyze the association between OS with FD in community-dwelling Mexican adults 50 and older. Design: Cross-sectional secondary data analysis was performed using primary data from a prospective study Frailty, Dynapenia and Sarcopenia Study in Mexican Adults (FraDySMex). Setting and Participants: Eight hundred and twenty-five people were included, 77.1% women, aged 70.3 ± 10.8 years old. Methods: OS was defined as when the person was diagnosed with sarcopenia (SP) plus osteopenia/osteoporosis. The SP diagnosis was evaluated in accordance with the criteria of the European Working Group for the Definition and Diagnosis of Sarcopenia (EWGSOP), and the osteoporosis diagnosis using World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Muscle mass and bone mass were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). FD was evaluated using the basic activities of daily living (BADL) and the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Additional sociodemographic and health co-variables were also included, such as sex, age, education, cognitive status, depression, comorbidity, hospitalization, polypharmacy, urinary incontinence, and nutrition variables such as risk of malnutrition and obesity. Associations between OS with FD were evaluated using multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of OS was 8.9% and that of FD was 8.9%. OS was associated with FD [odds ratio (OR): 1.92; CI 95%: 1.11–3.33]. Conclusions and Implications: Comprehensive OS assessment could help clinicians identify risk factors early, and thus mitigate the impact on FD in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam T López-Teros
- Medical, Dental and Health Sciences Program, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.,Health Department, Iberoamerican University, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Sergio Sánchez-García
- Epidemiological Research Unit and Health Services, Aging Area, XXI Century National Medical Center, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Lilia Castro-Porras
- Politics, Population and Health Research Center, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Armando Luna-López
- Sub-directorate for Biomedical Research, Basic Research Department, National Institute of Geriatrics, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Agudelo-Botero
- Politics, Population and Health Research Center, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
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Galvão LL, Silva RR, Ribeiro RM, Tribess S, Santos DDAT, Virtuoso Júnior JS. Effects of Reallocating Time Spent Engaging in Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity on Mortality in Older Adults: ELSIA Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:4336. [PMID: 33921882 PMCID: PMC8074045 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of reallocating time spent engaging in sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity on the risk of mortality. METHODS In all, 332 older adult low-income and low-education populations participated in the study. At the end of the study, 273 of the participants were alive and 59 had died. Time spent undertaking moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and SB was assessed using the international physical activity questionnaire. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used. RESULTS The replacement of time spent engaging in SB with MVPA reduced the risk of mortality from all causes in the older adults, resulting in reductions in mortality risk of between 10% and 46%. CONCLUSION A reduction in the risk of mortality in older adults was observed when time spent in SB was replaced with the same amount of time in MVPA for all times tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Lima Galvão
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Aging, Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais 38025-180, Brazil; (L.L.G.); (R.R.S.); (R.M.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Rizia Rocha Silva
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Aging, Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais 38025-180, Brazil; (L.L.G.); (R.R.S.); (R.M.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Renato Mendonça Ribeiro
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Aging, Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais 38025-180, Brazil; (L.L.G.); (R.R.S.); (R.M.R.); (S.T.)
| | - Sheilla Tribess
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Aging, Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais 38025-180, Brazil; (L.L.G.); (R.R.S.); (R.M.R.); (S.T.)
| | | | - Jair Sindra Virtuoso Júnior
- Research Center on Physical Activity, Health and Aging, Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais 38025-180, Brazil; (L.L.G.); (R.R.S.); (R.M.R.); (S.T.)
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Nishimura T, Imai A, Fujimoto M, Kurihara T, Kagawa K, Nagata T, Sanada K. Adverse effects of the coexistence of locomotive syndrome and sarcopenia on the walking ability and performance of activities of daily living in Japanese elderly females: a cross-sectional study. J Phys Ther Sci 2020; 32:227-232. [PMID: 32184538 PMCID: PMC7064352 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.32.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate whether the coexistence of locomotive
syndrome and sarcopenia is associated with the risk of fall or performance of activities
of daily living in elderly females. [Participants and Methods] We categorized 112 Japanese
elderly female participants under three groups: control, locomotive syndrome, and
locomotive syndrome and co-existing sarcopenia. We compared the groups based on the mean
scores of anthropometric and physical function measurements, the Timed Up and Go test, and
the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence to evaluate activities
of daily living. [Results] The Timed Up and Go test score significantly differed among the
groups. The score of the Timed Up and Go test significantly correlated with scores of the
skeletal muscle mass index, skeletal muscle strength grading, and usual gait speed. The
total score of the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence
significantly decreased in all the groups. [Conclusion] The coexistence of locomotive
syndrome and sarcopenia is associated with an increased risk of fall and worsened
performance of activities of daily living. Further, the risk of fall is associated with
the skeletal muscle mass, skeletal muscle strength, and gait speed. It seems likely that,
compared to sarcopenia, locomotive syndrome is more sensitive to lower limb
dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Nishimura
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University: 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.,Osaka College of Rehabilitation, Japan
| | - Aiko Imai
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University: 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujimoto
- Human Augmentation Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kurihara
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University: 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | | | | | - Kiyoshi Sanada
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University: 1-1-1 Noji Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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Wang DX, Yao J, Zirek Y, Reijnierse EM, Maier AB. Muscle mass, strength, and physical performance predicting activities of daily living: a meta-analysis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:3-25. [PMID: 31788969 PMCID: PMC7015244 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) are essential for independent living and are predictors of morbidity and mortality in older populations. Older adults who are dependent in ADLs and IADLs are also more likely to have poor muscle measures defined as low muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, which further limit their ability to perform activities. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine if muscle measures are predictive of ADL and IADL in older populations. Methods A systematic search was conducted using four databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, and CINAHL) from date of inception to 7 June 2018. Longitudinal cohorts were included that reported baseline muscle measures defined by muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in conjunction with prospective ADL or IADL in participants aged 65 years and older at follow-up. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random effect model. Results Of the 7760 articles screened, 83 articles were included for the systematic review and involved a total of 108 428 (54.8% female) participants with a follow-up duration ranging from 11 days to 25 years. Low muscle mass was positively associated with ADL dependency in 5/9 articles and 5/5 for IADL dependency. Low muscle strength was associated with ADL dependency in 22/34 articles and IADL dependency in 8/9 articles. Low physical performance was associated with ADL dependency in 37/49 articles and with IADL dependency in 9/11 articles. Forty-five articles were pooled into the meta-analyses, 36 reported ADL, 11 reported IADL, and 2 reported ADL and IADL as a composite outcome. Low muscle mass was associated with worsening ADL (pooled odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 3.19 (1.29-7.92)) and worsening IADL (1.28 (1.02-1.61)). Low handgrip strength was associated with both worsening ADL and IADL (1.51 (1.34-1.70); 1.59 (1.04-2.31) respectively). Low scores on the short physical performance battery and gait speed were associated with worsening ADL (3.49 (2.47-4.92); 2.33 (1.58-3.44) respectively) and IADL (3.09 (1.06-8.98); 1.93 (1.69-2.21) respectively). Low one leg balance (2.74 (1.31-5.72)), timed up and go (3.41 (1.86-6.28)), and chair stand test time (1.90 (1.63-2.21)) were associated with worsening ADL. Conclusions Muscle measures at baseline are predictors of future ADL and IADL dependence in the older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel X.M. Wang
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourneThe University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Jessica Yao
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourneThe University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Yasar Zirek
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourneThe University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Esmee M. Reijnierse
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourneThe University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVICAustralia
| | - Andrea B. Maier
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, @AgeMelbourneThe University of Melbourne, The Royal Melbourne HospitalParkvilleVICAustralia
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, @AgeAmsterdamVrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement SciencesAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Maresova P, Javanmardi E, Barakovic S, Barakovic Husic J, Tomsone S, Krejcar O, Kuca K. Consequences of chronic diseases and other limitations associated with old age - a scoping review. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1431. [PMID: 31675997 PMCID: PMC6823935 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7762-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The phenomenon of the increasing number of ageing people in the world is arguably the most significant economic, health and social challenge that we face today. Additionally, one of the major epidemiologic trends of current times is the increase in chronic and degenerative diseases. This paper tries to deliver a more up to date overview of chronic diseases and other limitations associated with old age and provide a more detailed outlook on the research that has gone into this field. Methods First, challenges for seniors, including chronic diseases and other limitations associated with old age, are specified. Second, a review of seniors’ needs and concerns is performed. Finally, solutions that can improve seniors’ quality of life are discussed. Publications obtained from the following databases are used in this scoping review: Web of Science, PubMed, and Science Direct. Four independent reviewers screened the identified records and selected relevant publications published from 2010 to 2017. A total of 1916 publications were selected. In all, 52 papers were selected based on abstract content. For further processing, 21 full papers were screened.” Results The results indicate disabilities as a major problem associated with seniors’ activities of daily living dependence. We founded seven categories of different conditions - psychological problems, difficulties in mobility, poor cognitive function, falls and incidents, wounds and injuries, undernutrition, and communication problems. In order to minimize ageing consequences, some areas require more attention, such as education and training; technological tools; government support and welfare systems; early diagnosis of undernutrition, cognitive impairment, and other diseases; communication solutions; mobility solutions; and social contributions. Conclusions This scoping review supports the view on chronic diseases in old age as a complex issue. To prevent the consequences of chronic diseases and other limitations associated with old age related problems demands multicomponent interventions. Early recognition of problems leading to disability and activities of daily living (ADL) dependence should be one of essential components of such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Maresova
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Ehsan Javanmardi
- Department of Economics, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Sabina Barakovic
- Faculty of Traffic and Communications, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | | | - Signe Tomsone
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Riga Stradinš University, Riga, Latvia
| | - Ondrej Krejcar
- Center of Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Center of Basic and Applied Research, Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. .,Malaysia Japan International Institute of Technology (MJIIT), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Kuala Lumpur, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Lino VTS, Rodrigues NCP, Andrade MKDN, Reis INDC, Lopes LAE, Atie S. Association between visual problems, insufficient emotional support and urinary incontinence with disability in elderly people living in a poor district in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A six-year follow-up study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217456. [PMID: 31150450 PMCID: PMC6544343 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Disability follows the rapid rate of population ageing, imposing a huge burden on society. Functional assessment in older people can identify predictors of disability. Objective Analyze the incidence and the risk factors for disability in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in older adults over six years. Methods Six year-follow up study initiated in 2010. The baseline non-probabilistic sample consisted of 180 independent community dwelling individuals aged 60 and over. The procedures comprised an interview with sociodemographic data, questions about falls, urinary incontinence, self-rated health, and assessment of ADL, IADL, mobility, depression, vision, hearing, cognition, nutrition, grip strength and social support. The second research was carried out by telephone and assessed ADL and IADL. Logistic regression models calculated the odds of disability in ADL and IADL according to the age, sex and all other variables. Results At six-year follow-up, 118 participants were still alive (65.6%), 31 died (17%) and other 31 were missed (17%). The incidence of disability to performADL and IADL were 25.4% and 32.3%, respectively. The regression logistic models revealed thaturinary incontinence (OR = 3.2; P = 0.03) and insufficient emotional support (OR = 3.8; P = 0.04) were associated with ADL disability, while visual problems (OR: 2.9; P = 0.03) and insufficient emotional support (OR: 5.6; P = 0.01) were associated with IADL disability. Conclusion The current study has identified that insufficient emotional support, visual problems and urinary incontinence are associated with disability in older adults. The routine assessment of these problems in the primary care clinics enable the implementation of strategies aimed at reducing or postponing disability. Educating patients and families will also enable better choices to reduce the risk of functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Soraya Atie
- National Public Health School/ Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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The association between somatic and psychological discomfort and health-related quality of life according to the elderly and non-elderly. Qual Life Res 2017; 27:673-681. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-017-1715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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