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Akyurek G, Bilgin N, Calıs HT. The Burden and Quality of Life in Caregivers of Individuals With Stroke During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey: A Cross-Sectional Study. Occup Ther Health Care 2024; 38:619-635. [PMID: 38504580 DOI: 10.1080/07380577.2024.2324286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the caregiving burden, quality of life and life satisfaction of caregivers of individuals with stroke during the pandemic period. A descriptive a study was performed with a sample of caregivers (n = 80) of inpatient individuals with stroke in Kayseri, Turkey. The Bakas Caregiving Outcomes Scale, Short Form Health Survey-36, and Temporal Satisfaction with Life Scale were used as well as some open-ended questions. Using descriptive analysis and correlations, results showed that caregiving burden of the participants was correlated to quality of life and life satisfaction during the COVID-19 (p < 0.05). Specific types of burden include: stress, isolation, financial issues, disruption of therapy, patient-caregiver relationship, and kinship relations. These findings provide important information about the increased burden of caregivers during the pandemic. This study offers information to design a framework of interventions to reduce the physical, social, and psychological effects on caregivers in similar conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokcen Akyurek
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurten Bilgin
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Havva Talay Calıs
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Health Sciences University of Turkey, Kayseri City Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey
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2
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Iwata S, Ashida K, Demiya M, Nagayama A, Hasuzawa N, Yoshinobu S, Sonezaki A, Yasuda J, Motomura S, Katsuki Y, Sugi K, Nomura M. Preserved seasonal variation in glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus during COVID-19: a 3-year-long retrospective cohort study in older adults in Japan. BMC Endocr Disord 2024; 24:70. [PMID: 38755559 PMCID: PMC11100128 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01602-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has changed our lifestyle by imposing restrictions, such as physical distancing. The effect of COVID-19 prevalence on seasonal variations in glycemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unknown. METHODS This single-center retrospective cohort study evaluated glycemic control in patients with type 2 DM who visited Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital in December 2021. We evaluated the clinical findings of all patients treated regularly between March 1, 2019, and December 31, 2021, including the periods both before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. All the standard treatments were approved. Furthermore, seasonal changes in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were evaluated using stratified analyses based on age. RESULTS This study analyzed 86 patients (mean age, 69.6 ± 9.2 years; men, 57). Median HbA1c (National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program [Union of Clinical Chemistry]) levels in spring (March) were 7.70% (interquartile range (IQR):7.23%-8.30%) [60.6 mmol/mol (IQR:55.4-67.2 mmol/mol)], 7.35% (IQR:6.90%-7.90%) [56.8 mmol/mol (IQR:51.9-62.8 mmol/mol)], and 7.50% (IQR:7.10%-8.00%) [58.5 mmol/mol (IQR:54.1-63.9 mmol/mol)] in 2019, 2020, and 2021, respectively. During these periods, HbA1c levels and body mass index (BMI) revealed significant seasonal variations "high in spring" and "low in autumn." Median HbA1c levels in spring (March) and autumn (September) were 7.86% [61.2 mmol/mol] and 7.48% [57.4 mmol/mol] in 2019 (P < 0.001), 7.50% [57.7 mmol/mol] and 7.17% [54.2 mmol/mol] in 2020 (P < 0.001), and 7.61% [58.3 mmol/mol] and 7.19% [53.8 mmol/mol] in 2021 (P < 0.001). Seasonal variations in HbA1c levels and BMI were maintained over the past 3 years, including the pandemic period. None of the patients in this study developed COVID-19 during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Seasonal variations in glycemic control in patients with DM were not influenced by lifestyle modifications associated with COVID-19. Maintenance of physical activity is necessary to prevent the development of sarcopenia. Moreover, seasonal variations in glycemic metabolism should be considered an independent factor for DM management. Additional extensive multifacility investigations are necessary to corroborate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimpei Iwata
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
- Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital, 950-1 Taguma, Ohmuta, Fukuoka, 837-0916, Japan
| | - Kenji Ashida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Mutsuyuki Demiya
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Ayako Nagayama
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Nao Hasuzawa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Satoko Yoshinobu
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Aya Sonezaki
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Junichi Yasuda
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Seiichi Motomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
| | - Yoshio Katsuki
- Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital, 950-1 Taguma, Ohmuta, Fukuoka, 837-0916, Japan
| | - Kenzo Sugi
- Sugi Cardiovascular Hospital, 950-1 Taguma, Ohmuta, Fukuoka, 837-0916, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Nomura
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-Machi, Kurume, Fukuoka, 830-0011, Japan
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Ke GN, Gow A, Wong RMM, Raman S, Mohammad Z, De-Lima N, Khairudin R, Lau WY, Kamal KA, Lee SC, Grajfoner D. Perceptions of risk and coping strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic among women and older adults. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301009. [PMID: 38630742 PMCID: PMC11023439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The world's health, economic, and social systems have been adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. With lockdown measures being a common response strategy in most countries, many individuals were faced with financial and mental health challenges. The current study explored the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological well-being, perception of risk factors and coping strategies of two vulnerable groups in Malaysia, namely women and older adults from low-income households (USD592). A purposive sample of 30 women and 30 older adults was interviewed via telephone during Malaysia's Movement Control Order (MCO) regarding the challenges they faced throughout the pandemic. Thematic analysis was subsequently conducted to identify key themes. The themes identified from the thematic analysis indicated a degree of overlap between both groups. For women, seven themes emerged: 1) Psychological challenges due to COVID-19 pandemic, 2) Family violence, 3) Finance and employment related stress and anxiety, 4) Women's inequality and prejudice, 5) Coping strategies, 6) Professional support, and 7) Women's empowerment. Similarly, there were six themes for the older adults: 1) Adverse emotional experiences from COVID-19, 2) Threats to health security, 3) Loss of social connections, 4) Government aid to improve older adults' psychological well-being, 5) Psychological support from family members and pets, and 6) Self-reliance, religion, and spirituality. The findings provide valuable information on the specific burdens faced by these groups, and support psychological interventions and mitigations that would be appropriate to improve well-being during the recovery phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guek Nee Ke
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Putrajaya, Malaysia
- Centre for Applied Behavioural Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Alan Gow
- Centre for Applied Behavioural Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Putrajaya, Malaysia
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Mei Ming Wong
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Shahirah Raman
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Zulaikha Mohammad
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Nicole De-Lima
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | | | - Wee Yeap Lau
- Faculty of Economics and Administration, Department of Applied Statistics, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Shen Chiang Lee
- Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dasha Grajfoner
- Centre for Applied Behavioural Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Putrajaya, Malaysia
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- DOBA Business School, Maribor, Slovenia
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Rai S, Uppal H, Gunjiganvi M, Joshi N, Mishra P. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on People with Locomotor Disability in North India: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Ann Rehabil Med 2024; 48:94-101. [PMID: 38433009 PMCID: PMC10915300 DOI: 10.5535/arm.23118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess, analyse, and infer the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on people living with locomotor disability in North India. METHODS Patients with locomotor disabilities who met the inclusion criteria received a questionnaire that had already undergone testing and validation. It covered topics highlighting the effect of the pandemic on general health, financial burden, psychological and mental health, social life and behaviour, disability and comorbidity management, transportation, and healthcare accessibility during the pandemic. In order to gauge the pandemic's effects on the population of people with locomotor disabilities, the answers to the questions were collected and analyzed. RESULTS The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected people living with locomotor disability, ranging from loss of wages and financial crisis to anxiety, depression and lack of sleep. People with disabilities had limited reach to health and community services that were vital for them, including basic life and functional needs, besides risks of mistreatment and other psychological consequences. CONCLUSION This analysis suggests that the root cause of pandemic disparities is the lack of disability-inclusive planning and, more significantly, the pre-existing socioeconomic disparities and challenges that disabled people have been experiencing for a long time. We suggest that unambiguous public health and policy responses should be incorporated, and health, social participation, and socioeconomic disparity causes for disabled people should be addressed in tandem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Rai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Harleen Uppal
- Department of Sports Medicine, Sports Injury Centre, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Mallikarjun Gunjiganvi
- Department of Trauma Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Mangalagiri, India
| | - Nitin Joshi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Government Medical College, Haldwani, India
| | - Prabhaker Mishra
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Sciacchitano S, Carola V, Nicolais G, Sciacchitano S, Napoli C, Mancini R, Rocco M, Coluzzi F. To Be Frail or Not to Be Frail: This Is the Question-A Critical Narrative Review of Frailty. J Clin Med 2024; 13:721. [PMID: 38337415 PMCID: PMC10856357 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Many factors have contributed to rendering frailty an emerging, relevant, and very popular concept. First, many pandemics that have affected humanity in history, including COVID-19, most recently, have had more severe effects on frail people compared to non-frail ones. Second, the increase in human life expectancy observed in many developed countries, including Italy has led to a rise in the percentage of the older population that is more likely to be frail, which is why frailty is much a more common concern among geriatricians compared to other the various health-care professionals. Third, the stratification of people according to the occurrence and the degree of frailty allows healthcare decision makers to adequately plan for the allocation of available human professional and economic resources. Since frailty is considered to be fully preventable, there are relevant consequences in terms of potential benefits both in terms of the clinical outcome and healthcare costs. Frailty is becoming a popular, pervasive, and almost omnipresent concept in many different contexts, including clinical medicine, physical health, lifestyle behavior, mental health, health policy, and socio-economic planning sciences. The emergence of the new "science of frailty" has been recently acknowledged. However, there is still debate on the exact definition of frailty, the pathogenic mechanisms involved, the most appropriate method to assess frailty, and consequently, who should be considered frail. This narrative review aims to analyze frailty from many different aspects and points of view, with a special focus on the proposed pathogenic mechanisms, the various factors that have been considered in the assessment of frailty, and the emerging role of biomarkers in the early recognition of frailty, particularly on the role of mitochondria. According to the extensive literature on this topic, it is clear that frailty is a very complex syndrome, involving many different domains and affecting multiple physiological systems. Therefore, its management should be directed towards a comprehensive and multifaceted holistic approach and a personalized intervention strategy to slow down its progression or even to completely reverse the course of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Sciacchitano
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
- Unit of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (F.C.)
- Department of Life Sciences, Health and Health Professions, Link Campus University, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Carola
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Giampaolo Nicolais
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology and Health Studies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy; (V.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Simona Sciacchitano
- Department of Psychiatry, La Princesa University Hospital, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Christian Napoli
- Department of Surgical and Medical Science and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rita Mancini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Monica Rocco
- Unit of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (F.C.)
- Department of Surgical and Medical Science and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy;
| | - Flaminia Coluzzi
- Unit of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, 00189 Rome, Italy; (M.R.); (F.C.)
- Department Medical and Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Polo Pontino, 04100 Latina, Italy
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Khalil MIM, Elnakeeb M, Hassanin HI, Sorour DM. Knowledge, familiarity, and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on barriers to seeking mental health services among older people: a cross-sectional study. Psychogeriatrics 2024; 24:3-15. [PMID: 37908168 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The COVID-19 pandemic caused drastic changes in older people's daily activities with a negative impact on their mental health, yet older people are less likely to seek mental health services. This study aims to explore the relationship between knowledge of and familiarity with mental health services, along with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and barriers to seeking mental health services among older people. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 352 older people, recruited among community-dwelling adults who attended randomly selected postal offices and pension outlets. Three tools were used: a structured interview schedule for sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of older people, the revised version of the Knowledge and Familiarity of Mental Health Services Scale (KFFMHS-R), and the Barriers to Mental Health Services Scale Revised (BMHSS-R). RESULTS All participants reported experiencing mental health distress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Intrinsic barriers had a higher mean score than extrinsic barriers, and 27.4% of the variance of overall barriers to seeking mental health could be explained through regression analysis by familiarity, knowledge of mental health services, and age. Overall barriers explained 24.4% of the variance of older people's perceived distress as an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic (F = 22.160, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of mental health services was the most significant predictor of barriers to seeking mental health services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Higher barriers predicted higher distress as an impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The results of the study suggest the need for a multidisciplinary mental health team for older people.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mayar Elnakeeb
- Psychiatric Nursing and Mental Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hany Ibrahim Hassanin
- Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina Metwally Sorour
- Gerontological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Tang J, Wang T, Cottrell J, Jia F. Navigating Uncertainty: Experiences of Older Adults in Wuhan during the 76-Day COVID-19 Lockdown. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2970. [PMID: 37998461 PMCID: PMC10671022 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic continues to affect the world. Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak, underwent a 76-day lockdown. Research has indicated that the lockdown negatively impacted the quality of life of older individuals, but little is known about their specific experiences during the confinement period. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 elderly residents of Wuhan, aged 65 to 85, who experienced mandatory isolation throughout the pandemic. The interviews centered around three stages of experiences: the Early Lockdown stage (the first week of lockdown after the government implemented the lockdown policy in January 2020), Infection During Lockdown stage (from February to April 2020 when participants were affected by the lockdown), and the Post-Lockdown stage (after April 2020 when the government lifted the lockdown policy). We found that older adults experienced different core themes during each lockdown stage. In the Early Lockdown stage, they felt nervousness and fear while searching for information. During the Lockdown and Infection Stage, they relied on reciprocal support and adjusted to new lifestyles. In the Post-Lockdown stage, they expressed cautions, trust, and gratitude. The finding highlights the evolving emotions and coping strategies of older adults throughout the lockdown phases. This study has yielded valuable insights into the adaptations of behavior and the importance of social interactions, specifically emphasizing the significance of healthcare among the elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Tang
- School of Foreign Languages and Literature, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Tangsheng Wang
- School of Marxism, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Jessica Cottrell
- Department of Biology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA;
| | - Fanli Jia
- Department of Psychology, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA
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Chang CH, Lien WC, Chiu TP, Yang TH, Wei CC, Kuo YL, Yeh CH, Liu B, Chen PJ, Lin YC. A novel smart somatosensory wearable assistive device for older adults' home rehabilitation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1026662. [PMID: 37790724 PMCID: PMC10544986 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1026662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) related social distancing measures and health service suspension, physical activity has declined, leading to increased falling risk and disability, and consequently, compromising the older adult health. How to improve the quality of older adult life has become a crucial social issue. Objective In traditional rehabilitation, manual and repetitive muscle training cannot identify the patient's rehabilitation effect, and increasing the willingness to use it is not easy. Therefore, based on the usability perspective, this study aims to develop a novel smart somatosensory wearable assistive device (called SSWAD) combined with wireless surface electromyography (sEMG) and exergame software and hardware technology. The older adult can do knee extension, ankle dorsiflexion, and ankle plantar flexion rehabilitation exercises at home. Meanwhile, sEMG values can be digitally recorded to assist physicians (or professionals) in judgment, treatment, or diagnosis. Methods To explore whether the novel SSWAD could improve the older adult willingness to use and motivation for home rehabilitation, 25 frail older adult (12 males and 13 females with an average age of 69.3) perform the rehabilitation program with the SSWAD, followed by completing the system usability scale (SUS) questionnaire and the semi-structured interview for the quantitative and qualitative analyses. In addition, we further investigate whether the factor of gender or prior rehabilitation experience would affect the home rehabilitation willingness or not. Results According to the overall SUS score, the novel SSWAD has good overall usability performance (77.70), meaning that the SSWAD makes older adult feel interested and improves their willingness for continuous rehabilitation at home. In addition, the individual item scores of SUS are shown that female older adult with prior rehabilitation experience perform better in "Learnability" (t = 2.35, p = 0.03) and "Confidence" (t = -3.24, p = 0.01). On the contrary, male older adult without rehabilitation experience are more willing to adopt new technologies (t = -2.73, p = 0.02), and perform better in "Learnability" (t = 2.18, p = 0.04) and "Confidence" (t = -3.75, p < 0.001) with the SSWAD. In addition, the result of the semi-structured interview shows that the operation of the SSWAD is highly flexible, thus reducing older adult burden during the rehabilitation exercise and using them long-term. Conclusion This novel SSWAD receives consistently positive feedback regardless of the gender or prior rehabilitation experience of elders. The SSWAD could be used as a novel way of home rehabilitation for elders, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adult can do rehabilitation exercises at home, and physicians could make proper judgments or adjust suitable treatments online according to the sEMG data, which older adult can know their rehabilitation progress at the same time. Most importantly, older adult do not have to go to the hospital every time for rehabilitation, which significantly reduces time and the risk of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Industrial Design, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Lien
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tseng-Ping Chiu
- Department of Industrial Design, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Hua Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chun Wei
- Department of Digital Multimedia Design, National Taipei University of Business, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Liang Kuo
- Department of Industrial Design, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Yeh
- Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Industrial Design, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Jun Chen
- Department of Industrial Design, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Cheng Lin
- Department of Industrial Design, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Kim H, Kim J, Ha J. Factors influencing mobility in community-dwelling older adults during the early COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1649. [PMID: 37641017 PMCID: PMC10464251 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In older adults, mobility is important for maintaining their independence and quality of life, and it influences their physical, cognitive, and social health. This study aimed to identify the physical and psychosocial factors that affected the mobility of community-dwelling older adults, aged 65 years or older, who were socially isolated during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic due to stay-at-home policies. METHODS The participants in this study were 214 community-dwelling older adults in Korea, and a cross-sectional survey was conducted from December 2020 to January 2021. Variables included participants' general characteristics, mobility, sitting time, depression, social support, and cognitive function. RESULTS Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing older adults' mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic were depression (β=-0.29, p < .001), age (65-74 years old) (β = 0.19, p = .002), a lower level of education (β=-0.17, p = .006), two or more comorbidities (β=-0.18, p = .001), sitting time (β=-0.17, p = .004), and the ability to drive a vehicle (β = 0.14, p = .017). CONCLUSIONS Home healthcare interventions are needed to limit psychosocial issues and improve mobility for older adults who had limited mobility during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyori Kim
- College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juah Kim
- Department of Nursing, Korean Bible University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ha
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, 164 World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, 16499, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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Kawamura K, Osawa A, Tanimoto M, Kagaya H, Matsuura T, Arai H. Clinical frailty scale is useful in predicting return-to-home in patients admitted due to coronavirus disease. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:433. [PMID: 37442988 PMCID: PMC10347876 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spread of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection has been prolonged, with the highly contagious Omicron variant becoming the predominant variant by 2022. Many patients admitted to dedicated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) wards (COVID-19 treatment units) develop disuse syndrome while being treated in the hospital, and their ability to perform activities of daily living declines, making it difficult for hospitals to discharge them. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the degree of frailty and home discharge of patients admitted to a COVID-19 treatment units. METHODS This study retrospectively examined the in-patient medical records of 138 patients (82.7 ± 7.6 years old) admitted to a COVID-19 treatment unit from January to December 2022. The end-point was to determine the patients' ability to be discharged from the unit directly to home; such patients were classified into the 'Home discharge' group and compared with those in the 'Difficulty in discharge' group. The degree of frailty was determined based on the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), and the relationship with the endpoint was analysed. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was created and the cut-off value was calculated with the possibility of home discharge as the state variable and CFS as the test variable. Logistic regression analysis was conducted with the possibility of home discharge as the dependent variable and CFS as the independent variable. RESULTS There were 75 patients in the Home discharge group and 63 in the Difficulty in discharge group. ROC analysis showed a CFS cut-off value of 6 or more, with a sensitivity of 70.7% and a specificity of 84.1%. The results of the logistic regression analysis showed a significant correlation between possibility of home discharge and CFS even after adjusting for covariates, with an odds ratio of 13.44. CONCLUSIONS Based on the evaluation of the degree of frailty conducted in the COVID-19 treatment unit, it was possible to accurately predict whether a patient could be discharged directly to home after treatment CFS could be an effective screening tool to easily detect patients requiring ongoing hospitalisation even after the acute phase of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kawamura
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan.
| | - Aiko Osawa
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masanori Tanimoto
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Kagaya
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Matsuura
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-cho, Obu, 474-8511, Aichi, Japan
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11
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Ding K, Jiang W, Li D, Lei C, Xiong C, Lei M. Bibliometric Analysis of Geriatric Sarcopenia Therapies: Highlighting Publication Trends and Leading-Edge Research Directions. J Clin Densitom 2023; 26:101381. [PMID: 37201435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2023.101381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The bibliometric analysis assesses the productivity of scholarship in a given field and provides information on the frontiers of relevant developments. However, no bibliometric analysis study has quantitatively analyzed publications in geriatric sarcopenia therapies. This study investigates the scholarly productivity and frontiers of publications in geriatric sarcopenia therapies. The bibliometric data came from English-language Web of Science Core Collection articles published between 1995 and October 19, 2022. Three software programs, R version 3.5.6, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace, were applied for this bibliometric analysis. In twenty-eight years, the annual publications in geriatric sarcopenia therapies have increased yearly, with an annual growth rate of 21.23 %. A total of 1379 publications have been published. The United States was the country with the highest number of publication signatures (n=1,537) (including joint publication releases), followed by Japan (n=1099). Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia, and Muscle contributed the best journal publications (n=80). The newest hot subjects in the study about geriatric sarcopenia therapy include malnutrition, obesity, insulin resistance, and cancer. This bibliometric study presents a comprehensive overview of the current and future research directions in geriatric sarcopenia therapies over the past 28 years. Overall, this study has complemented the gaps in bibliometric analysis in geriatric sarcopenia therapies. This paper will provide a valuable reference for future research in geriatric sarcopenia therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixi Ding
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Dingqi Li
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Chaofang Lei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Chunping Xiong
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China.
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12
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Profiles of socially isolated community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A latent class analysis. Maturitas 2023; 171:1-6. [PMID: 36863186 PMCID: PMC9941310 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify different profiles of socially isolated older adults during the first wave of COVID-19 in Quebec, Canada. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional data were obtained through a telehealth socio-geriatric risk assessment tool, ESOGER, administered to adults aged 70 years or more between April and July 2020 in Montreal, Canada. MEASURES Those living alone with no social contacts in the last few days were considered socially isolated. Latent class analysis was performed to identify profiles of socially isolated older adults based on: age, sex, polypharmacy, use of home care, use of a walking aid, recall of current year/month, anxiety level (scale 0-10), and need for follow-up from a healthcare provider. RESULTS Three-hundred and eighty (380) older adults identified as socially isolated were analyzed, of whom 75.5 % were female and 56.6 % were over 85. Three classes were identified: Class 1 ("physically frail older females") had the highest proportion of polypharmacy, walking aid, and home care use. Class 2 ("anxious, relatively younger males") were predominantly males who used the least home care but had the highest anxiety levels. Class 3 ("seemingly well older females") had the highest proportion of females, lowest proportion of polypharmacy, lowest anxiety level, and none used a walking aid. Recall of current year/month was similar across the three classes. CONCLUSIONS This study found heterogeneity among socially isolated older adults during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic with varying levels of physical and mental health. Our findings may contribute to the development of targeted interventions to support this vulnerable population during and after the pandemic.
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13
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Singh S, Charles V, Pandey U. Examining operational efficiency with prudent risks of Covid-19: a contextual DEA analysis with an undesirable intermediate measure. ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH 2023:1-31. [PMID: 36777412 PMCID: PMC9896465 DOI: 10.1007/s10479-023-05207-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the wake of the losses of human lives and disruption to the world economy caused by the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become imperative to assess the effectiveness of containment strategies adopted by countries. The success of any containment strategy of achieving low mortality and high recovery rate depends on the efficient utilization of available but limited resources, such as number of hospital beds and healthcare workers. While the spreading pattern of the pandemic has been researched heavily, there is limited research that comprehensively focuses on the efficient utilization of available resources to achieve the desired aims of low mortality and high recovery. In order to close this research gap, we employ a two-stage network data envelopment analysis (DEA) to identify the inefficiency in the process and resolve the resource constraints by considering medical and non-medical (administrative) interventions as two serial stages. The number of infected people is treated as the intermediate product, which is an undesirable output of the first stage and subsequently enters the second stage as an input. This network DEA model successfully addresses the conflict between the two stages over the handling of infected people and assesses the vulnerabilities of the countries against the transmission rates of the disease in the respective countries. Thus, the objective of this study is to develop a well-coordinated plan for different government agencies to jointly mitigate the risk under constrained resources. The findings reveal that almost 60 % of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries have used their resources suboptimally and are producing, on average, almost half the amount of the maximum possible outputs. As a sizeable amount of inefficiency can be explained by varying economic and demographic factors, such as health expenditure and the proportion of the aged population, the efficiency evaluation has been revisited with adjustments for unfavorable externalities. The analysis and its implications can help policymakers formulate optimal resource plans and identify potential areas for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeet Singh
- Decision Sciences Area, Indian Institute of Management Lucknow, IIM Road, Lucknow, UP 226013 India
| | - Vincent Charles
- CENTRUM Católica Graduate Business School, Lima, Peru
- Pontifical Catholic University of Peru, Lima, Peru
| | - Utsav Pandey
- School of Management and Entrepreneurship, Shiv Nadar University, Gautam Budh Nagar, 201314 India
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14
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Zou C, Harvard A, Qian J, Fox BI. A systematic review of digital health technologies for the care of older adults during COVID-19 pandemic. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231191050. [PMID: 37529545 PMCID: PMC10388634 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231191050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, digital health technologies (DHTs) became increasingly important, especially for older adults. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize evidence on the rapid implementation and use of DHTs among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A structured, electronic search was conducted on 9 November 2021, and updated on 5 January 2023, among five databases to select DHT interventional studies conducted among older adults during the pandemic. The bias of studies was assessed using Version 2 of the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) and Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I). Results Among 20 articles included in the review, 14 (70%) focused on older adults with chronic diseases or symptoms, such as dementia or cognitive impairment, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. DHTs included traditional telehealth interventions via telephone, video, and social media, as well as emerging technologies such as Humanoid Robot and Laser acupuncture teletherapy. Using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I, four studies (20%) were evaluated as high or serious overall risk of bias. DHTs have shown to be effective, feasible, acceptable, and satisfactory for older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to usual care. In addition, some studies also highlighted challenges with technology, hearing difficulties, and communication barriers within the vulnerable population. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, DHTs had the potential to improve various health outcomes and showed benefits for older adults' access to health care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Zou
- Department of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Abbey Harvard
- Department of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Jingjing Qian
- Department of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Brent I Fox
- Department of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Harrison College of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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15
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Ngiam NHW, Yee WQ, Teo N, Yow KS, Soundararajan A, Lim JX, Lim HA, Tey A, Tang KWA, Tham CYX, Tan JPY, Lu SY, Yoon S, Ng KYY, Low LL. Building Digital Literacy in Older Adults of Low Socioeconomic Status in Singapore (Project Wire Up): Nonrandomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e40341. [PMID: 36459398 DOI: 10.2196/40341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a rapidly digitalizing world, the inability of older adults to leverage digital technology has been associated with weaker social connections and poorer health outcomes. Despite the widespread digital adoption in Singapore, older adults, especially those of lower socioeconomic status (SES), still face difficulties in adopting information and communications technology and are typically digitally excluded. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the impact of the volunteer-led, one-on-one, and home-based digital literacy program on digital literacy and health-related outcomes such as self-reported loneliness, social connectedness, quality of life, and well-being for older adults of low SES. METHODS A nonrandomized controlled study was carried out in Singapore between July 2020 and November 2021 involving 138 digitally excluded community-dwelling older adults aged ≥55 years and of lower SES. Older adults awaiting participation in the program served as controls. Older adults under the intervention were equipped with a smartphone and cellular data, underwent fortnightly to monthly digital literacy training with volunteers to learn digital skills, and digitally connected to their existing social networks. Primary outcome was the improvement in self-reported digital literacy. Secondary outcomes included improvements in University of California, Los Angeles 3-item loneliness scale, Lubben Social Network Scale-6, EQ-5D-3L and EQ visual analogue scale scores, and Personal Wellbeing Score. RESULTS There were significant improvements in digital literacy scores in the intervention group as compared to controls (mean difference 2.28, 95% CI 1.37-3.20; P<.001). Through multiple linear regression analyses, this difference in digital literacy scores remained independently associated with group membership after adjusting for differences in baseline scores, age, gender, education, living arrangement, housing type, and baseline social connectivity and loneliness status. There was no statistically significant difference in University of California, Los Angeles 3-item loneliness scale, Lubben Social Network Scale-6, Personal Wellbeing Score, or EQ-5D Utility and visual analogue scale score. CONCLUSIONS This study adds to the growing research on digital inclusion by showing that a volunteer-led, one-on-one, and home-based digital literacy program contributed to increase digital literacy in older adults of low SES. Future studies should look into developing more older adult-friendly digital spaces and technology design to encourage continued digital adoption in older adults and, eventually, impact health-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerice Heng Wen Ngiam
- TriGen - Trigenerational Homecare, Singapore, Singapore.,Population Health and Integrated Care Office, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wan Qi Yee
- Population Health and Integrated Care Office, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nigel Teo
- Population Health and Integrated Care Office, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ka Shing Yow
- TriGen - Trigenerational Homecare, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Internal Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amrish Soundararajan
- TriGen - Trigenerational Homecare, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Family Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jie Xin Lim
- TriGen - Trigenerational Homecare, Singapore, Singapore.,Wee Kim Wee School of Communication and Information, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Haikel A Lim
- TriGen - Trigenerational Homecare, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychiatry, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore.,Medical Education Office, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Angeline Tey
- TriGen - Trigenerational Homecare, Singapore, Singapore.,Population Health and Integrated Care Office, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai Wen Aaron Tang
- TriGen - Trigenerational Homecare, Singapore, Singapore.,Population Health and Integrated Care Office, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Psychiatry, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Celine Yi Xin Tham
- TriGen - Trigenerational Homecare, Singapore, Singapore.,Medical Social Services, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jamaica Pei Ying Tan
- Population Health and Integrated Care Office, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Si Yinn Lu
- Research and Translational Innovation Office, SingHealth Community Hospitals, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sungwon Yoon
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation, SingHealth Regional Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kennedy Yao Yi Ng
- TriGen - Trigenerational Homecare, Singapore, Singapore.,Population Health and Integrated Care Office, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lian Leng Low
- Population Health and Integrated Care Office, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation, SingHealth Regional Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke-NUS Department of Family Medicine, Singapore, Singapore.,Outram Community Hospital, SingHealth Community Hospitals, Singapore, Singapore
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16
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Noh JH, Arai H, Auyeung TW, Cesari M, Frontera WR, Ga H, Jung HW, Lim WS, Lim JY. Bounce Forward Better: Geriatric and Gerontological Research in the Post-pandemic Future. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2022; 26:285-288. [PMID: 36567136 PMCID: PMC9830067 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.22.0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, we have faced challenges in managing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in older adults. The pandemic has precipitated a global health crisis that impeded older adults from maintaining their health. Disruption of the routine management of chronic diseases, physical inactivity deteriorating physical function and quality of life, malnutrition, and mental disorders have been suggested as major threats to the health of older adults. To address these problems and facilitate reactivation of normal care activities, this article summarizes the contents of a webinar held by the Annals of Geriatric Medicine and Research (AGMR) regarding the future directions of geriatric medicine and research in the post-COVID-19 era.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Tung Wai Auyeung
- Jockey Club Institute of Ageing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Maugeri, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Walter R. Frontera
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Sports Medicine and Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Hyuk Ga
- Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Incheon Eun-Hye Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hee-Won Jung
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wee Shiong Lim
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Kim M, Hong SI, Youm S. Development of an intrinsic health risk prediction model for camera-based monitoring of older adults living alone. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18855. [PMID: 36344806 PMCID: PMC9640496 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of older adults in Korea is increasing, along with the number of depressed older patients. The causes of depression in older adults include social isolation with negligible interaction with others, irregular nutritional habits, and self-negligence, i.e., they do not engage in any activity. These factors, self-negligence, social isolation, and irregular nutritional habits, are defined as inherent health risks, and in this study, we detected them. These factors can only be derived through long-term monitoring, but the current monitoring system for older adults is severely limited as it focuses only on emergencies, such as "falls." Therefore, in this study, the goal was to perform long-term monitoring using a camera. In order to capture the physical characteristics of the older adults, the ETRI-Activity3D data were used for training, and the skeleton-based action recognition algorithm Posec3d was used. By defining 90 frames as the time taken for one action, we built a monitoring system to enable long-term monitoring of older adult by performing multiple action detection in one video. A reliable monitoring system, with 98% accuracy, 98% precision, 99% recall, and 98% F1, was successfully established for health monitoring of older adults. This older adult monitoring technology is expected to improve the quality of medical services in a medical environment as well as the objective, activities of daily living test, which does not depend on the observer through daily life detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kim
- grid.255168.d0000 0001 0671 5021Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620 Republic of Korea
| | - Song-iee Hong
- grid.255168.d0000 0001 0671 5021Department of Social Welfare, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620 Republic of Korea
| | - Sekyoung Youm
- grid.255168.d0000 0001 0671 5021Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Dongguk University, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620 Republic of Korea
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18
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Chao L, Ma R, Jiang W. Movement behaviours and anxiety symptoms in Chinese college students: A compositional data analysis. Front Psychol 2022; 13:952728. [PMID: 36186352 PMCID: PMC9520661 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.952728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current research, sleep duration, sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and their relationship with several anxiety symptoms among college students were examined. This study was a cross-sectional study, and study respondents were recruited from college students. A total of 1,475 of college students were included for analysis. Sedentary behaviours and physical activity were assessed by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form, while sleep duration was assessed by the Chinese version Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. To assess the anxiety symptoms of study respondents, the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 was used. The compositional data was analysed in R to estimate the associations between replacements among physical activities, sedentary behaviours, and sleep and anxiety symptoms. Results indicated a greater impact was imposed on the alleviation of anxiety symptoms by substituting sedentary behaviours with physical activity at moderate to vigorous intensity. In the current research, the significance of moderate to vigorous physical activity should be highlighted in preventing anxiety among Chinese college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luomeng Chao
- Physical Education Teaching Unit, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Postdoctoral Research Station in Public Administration, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Physical Education (Based School), Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Rui Ma,
| | - Weiwei Jiang
- Centre for Mental Health, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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19
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The association between elder abuse and refrainment from daily activities during the COVID-19 pandemic among older adults in Japan: A cross-sectional study from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101229. [PMID: 36119723 PMCID: PMC9467916 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Elder abuse is a public health issue that is thought to have increased during the COVID-19 pandemic due to lockdowns and behavioral restrictions. This study examines the association between elder abuse and refrainment from daily activities during the pandemic. Methods We used data from a self-administered mail survey conducted by the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) from November 2020 to February 2021 in 11 municipalities. Our participants included 18,263 older adults (age ≥65 years) who were independent in their daily lives. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between elder abuse and refrainment from 10 daily activities, and the total number of refrained behaviors. Results Experiences of abuse were reported by 288 participants (1.6%). The risk of elder abuse was 1.37 times (95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.81) higher among those who refrained from shopping for food and daily necessities and 1.60 times (1.20–2.13) higher among those who refrained from interaction with neighbors, than those who did not. Also, a dose-response relationship was observed where the risk of abuse increased with the number of restrictions. Conclusion The risk of elder abuse increased as the number of refrained behaviors increased which suggests that refrainment from multiple behaviors may significantly increase the risk of elder abuse, compared with refrainment from a single behavior. To avoid increasing the risk of abuse in likely future pandemics, it is necessary to maintain social connections without face-to-face contact, or with adequate infection control measures. The risk of elder abuse was higher among those who refrained from shopping for food and daily necessities and from interaction with neighbors. The risk of abuse increased as the number of refrained behaviors increased. Our results illustrate that refraining from multiple behaviors may be significantly associated with an increased risk of abuse over that of refraining from a single behavior.
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20
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Darrudi A, Daroudi R, Yunesian M, Akbari Sari A. Public Preferences and Willingness to Pay for a COVID-19 Vaccine in Iran: A Discrete Choice Experiment. PHARMACOECONOMICS - OPEN 2022; 6:669-679. [PMID: 35997900 PMCID: PMC9397161 DOI: 10.1007/s41669-022-00359-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a major international threat and vaccination is the most robust strategy to terminate this crisis. It is helpful for policymakers to be aware of community preferences about vaccines. The present study aims to investigate the public's preferences and willingness to pay for the COVID-19 vaccine in Iran. METHODS This research is a cross-sectional study performed using a discrete choice experiment for a sample of the public population of several provinces of Iran in 2021. The samples were divided into two groups: one group expressed their preferences regarding the vaccine's attributes, and another group expressed their preferences regarding prioritizing individuals to get the vaccine. The discrete choice experiment design included five attributes including effectiveness, risk of severe complications, price, location of vaccine production, and duration of protection related to preferences for vaccine selection and six attributes including age, underlying diseases, employment in the healthcare sector, the rate of virus spread, the necessary job, and cost to the community related to preferences for prioritizing individuals to get the vaccine. A total of 715 individuals completed the questionnaire. The conditional logit regression model was used to analyze the discrete choice experiment data. Willingness to pay for each attribute was also calculated. RESULTS The willingness to pay for the COVID-19 vaccine with 90% (70%) efficacy, the risk of severe complications for 1 (5) person per one million people, imported (domestic) vaccine, and 24-month (12-month) duration of protection attributes was about US$71 (US$37). The preference for vaccination for respondents was enhanced by increasing the efficacy and the duration of vaccine protection and decreasing complications and costs. The likelihood of prioritizing individuals to get a vaccination was increased for a person with an underlying disease, employment in the healthcare sector, the necessary job for the community, the high potential for virus spread in the community, and the high cost of death to the community. The age variable was not statistically significant for prioritizing individuals to get the vaccine. CONCLUSIONS In the setting of the COVID-19 vaccination program, the public's preferences identified in this study should be considered. The obtained results provide useful information for policymakers to identify individual and social values for an appropriate vaccination strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Darrudi
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina Ave., 1417613191, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rajabali Daroudi
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina Ave., 1417613191, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbari Sari
- Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina Ave., 1417613191, Tehran, Iran.
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21
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Kuroda Y, Sugimoto T, Satoh K, Suemoto CK, Matsumoto N, Uchida K, Kishino Y, Sakurai T. Factors Associated with Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10094. [PMID: 36011727 PMCID: PMC9407936 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Preventive measures to control the spread of COVID-19 are essential, but they often cause social isolation and diminish the physical and mental health of older adults. In cognitively impaired individuals, the pandemic has worsened behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Here, we explored the factors contributing to the worsening of BPSD during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: Potential patients were identified at a memory clinic in Japan between June 2017 and June 2021. Eligible patients had a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia during the study period. The outcome was BPSD, as assessed by using the Dementia Behavioral Disorders Scale. Information on patients' lifestyle habits and use of care services was obtained for use as primary explanatory variables; multiple regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between BPSD and care services use or lifestyle habits. The model was adjusted for sociodemographic factors, and the interaction terms of the pandemic period with lifestyle and service use were included to evaluate the effects of COVID-19. (3) Results: We identified 977 participants with MCI and 1380 with dementia (MCI group: 69.8% age 75 years or older, 54.2% female; dementia group: 79.8% age 75 years or older, 64.8% female). After adjustment for possible confounders, significantly worse BPSD was demonstrated in those who used daycare services during COVID-19 (both MCI and dementia patients; p = 0.007 and p = 0.025 respectively) and in those with poor nutritional function (dementia patients; p = 0.040). (4) Conclusions and Implications: During COVID-19, poor nutritional status and use of daycare services were associated with BPSD in those with cognitive decline. These findings indicate the need to fully examine the quantity and quality of care services for people with cognitive decline during emergencies and to continue to provide effective services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Kuroda
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Taiki Sugimoto
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kenichi Satoh
- Faculty of Data Science, Shiga University, Hikone 522-8522, Japan
| | - Claudia K. Suemoto
- Division of Geriatrics, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Nanae Matsumoto
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Uchida
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Kishino
- Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
- Department of Cognition and Behavior Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Takashi Sakurai
- Department of Prevention and Care Science, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
- Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu 474-8511, Japan
- Department of Cognition and Behavior Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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22
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Scognamiglio F, Sancino A, Caló F, Jacklin-Jarvis C, Rees J. The public sector and co-creation in turbulent times: A systematic literature review on robust governance in the COVID-19 emergency. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 2022; 101:PADM12875. [PMID: 35942216 PMCID: PMC9350016 DOI: 10.1111/padm.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The capacity of public sector of co-creating with other stakeholders is challenged by the increasing presence of disruptive turbulent events, such as the COVID-19. At this regard, robustness has been identified as a suitable response to deal with this kind of events. Through a systematic literature review, we analyzed how public sector organizations have co-created with other actors during the COVID-19 and what have been the contribution of robust governance strategies. Our findings point firstly to the empirical validity of the robustness concept, providing evidence of the extensive use of robust governance strategies into the co-creation processes. Second, we identified a configurational approach to robustness, with governments co-creating by simultaneously employing several robust strategies. Thirdly, we observed a more active involvement of societal stakeholders, with emergence of proto-institutions and potential threats to the political system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Sancino
- The Open University Milton Keynes UK
- Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca Milano Italy
| | | | | | - James Rees
- University of Wolverhampton Wolverhampton UK
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23
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Lam SSW, Pourghaderi AR, Abdullah HR, Nguyen FNHL, Siddiqui FJ, Ansah JP, Low JG, Matchar DB, Ong MEH. An Agile Systems Modeling Framework for Bed Resource Planning During COVID-19 Pandemic in Singapore. Front Public Health 2022; 10:714092. [PMID: 35664119 PMCID: PMC9157760 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.714092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on health systems globally. The sufficiency of hospitals' bed resource is a cornerstone for access to care which can significantly impact the public health outcomes. Objective We describe the development of a dynamic simulation framework to support agile resource planning during the COVID-19 pandemic in Singapore. Materials and Methods The study data were derived from the Singapore General Hospital and public domain sources over the period from 1 January 2020 till 31 May 2020 covering the period when the initial outbreak and surge of COVID-19 cases in Singapore happened. The simulation models and its variants take into consideration the dynamic evolution of the pandemic and the rapidly evolving policies and processes in Singapore. Results The models were calibrated against historical data for the Singapore COVID-19 situation. Several variants of the resource planning model were rapidly developed to adapt to the fast-changing COVID-19 situation in Singapore. Conclusion The agility in adaptable models and robust collaborative management structure enabled the quick deployment of human and capital resources to sustain the high level of health services delivery during the COVID-19 surge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Shao Wei Lam
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Health Services Research Centre, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke NUS Academic Medical Centre, Health Services Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Business, School of Computing and Information Systems, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ahmad Reza Pourghaderi
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Health Services Research Centre, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke NUS Academic Medical Centre, Health Services Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Francis Ngoc Hoang Long Nguyen
- Health Services Research Centre, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke NUS Academic Medical Centre, Health Services Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - John Pastor Ansah
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Residential College 4, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jenny G Low
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Bruce Matchar
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Internal Medicine (General Internal Medicine), Duke University Medical School, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marcus Eng Hock Ong
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Health Services Research Centre, Singapore Health Services, Singapore, Singapore.,SingHealth Duke NUS Academic Medical Centre, Health Services Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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24
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Chen L, Arai H, Assantachai P, Akishita M, Chew ST, Dumlao LC, Duque G, Woo J. Roles of nutrition in muscle health of community-dwelling older adults: evidence-based expert consensus from Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1653-1672. [PMID: 35307982 PMCID: PMC9178363 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
General muscle health declines with age, and in particular, sarcopenia-defined as progressive loss of muscle mass and strength/physical performance-is a growing issue in Asia with a rising population of community-dwelling older adults. Several guidelines have addressed early identification of sarcopenia and management, and although nutrition is central to treatment of sarcopenia, there are currently few guidelines that have examined this specifically in the Asian population. Therefore, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia established a special interest group (SIG) comprising seven experts across Asia and one from Australia, to develop an evidence-based expert consensus. A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE on the topic of muscle health, from 2016 (inclusive) to July 2021, in Asia or with relevance to healthy, Asian community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years old). Several key topics were identified: (1) nutritional status: malnutrition and screening; (2) diet and dietary factors; (3) nutritional supplementation; (4) lifestyle interventions plus nutrition; and (5) outcomes and assessment. Clinical questions were developed around these topics, leading to 14 consensus statements. Consensus was achieved using the modified Delphi method with two rounds of voting. Moreover, the consensus addressed the impacts of COVID-19 on nutrition, muscle health, and sarcopenia in Asia. These statements encompass clinical expertise and knowledge across Asia and are aligned with findings in the current literature, to provide a practical framework for addressing muscle health in the community, with the overall aim to encourage and facilitate broader access to equitable care for this target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang‐Kung Chen
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging SciencesNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Taipei Municipal Gan‐Dau HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObuJapan
| | | | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Samuel T.H. Chew
- Department of Geriatric MedicineChangi General Hospital, SingHealthSingapore
| | | | - Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)The University of Melbourne and Western HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jean Woo
- Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
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25
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Okuno T, Iritani O, Kodera K, Hama D, Kane A, Morigaki K, Terai T, Maeno N, Morimoto S. Reply to comment on "Unexpected decline in glycated hemoglobin level after emergency COVID-19 measures in three robust older Japanese women with prediabetes/mild type 2 diabetes". Geriatr Gerontol Int 2022; 22:541-542. [PMID: 35562122 PMCID: PMC9347539 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tazuo Okuno
- Center for Comprehensive Care on Memory Disorders, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Osamu Iritani
- Center for Comprehensive Care on Memory Disorders, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kumie Kodera
- Center for Comprehensive Care on Memory Disorders, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hama
- Center for Comprehensive Care on Memory Disorders, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Asami Kane
- Center for Comprehensive Care on Memory Disorders, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kozue Morigaki
- Center for Comprehensive Care on Memory Disorders, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshio Terai
- Center for Comprehensive Care on Memory Disorders, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Norie Maeno
- Center for Comprehensive Care on Memory Disorders, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shigeto Morimoto
- Center for Comprehensive Care on Memory Disorders, Kanazawa Medical University, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa, Japan
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26
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Osawa A, Maeshima S, Arai H. Applying Information and Communication Technology to Promote Healthy Aging in Older People: Japan’s Challenges and Perspective. Digit Health 2022. [DOI: 10.36255/exon-publications-digital-health-healthy-aging-japan] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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27
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Zhang HY, Chong MC, Tan MP, Chua YP, Zhang JH. The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Sarcopenia Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:837-846. [PMID: 35496716 PMCID: PMC9041356 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s355680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the relationship between depressive symptoms and sarcopenia among older adults. Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 700 community-dwelling older persons enrolled in this study. Sarcopenia is defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019). The bioelectrical impedance analysis assessed muscle mass while a digital dynamometer quantified muscle strength. Furthermore, a 6-meter gait speed test measured physical performance. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-30) screened for depressive symptoms. Data collected include those of socio-demographic, lifestyle, and comorbidity. Results The sample comprised 700 participants (455 women) with a mean age of 70.4±6.8 years. 21.5% had sarcopenia, among them, 5.6% at severe stage, while depressive symptoms were present in 8.1% (57/700). After adjusting for the potential confounders of age, sex, marital status, living status, hypertension, body mass index, and physical activity, the depressive symptoms that were found were not associated with sarcopenia but, instead, low gait speed. However, severe sarcopenia significantly impacted the risk of depressive symptoms, particularly in females. Conclusion Depressive symptoms are not associated with sarcopenia, but severe sarcopenia increases the risk of depressive symptoms in females, according to updated AWGS 2019 criteria. Gait speed is independently associated with depressive symptoms. The finding highlights that older people with sarcopenia should be screened for depressive symptoms, especially females. Future studies should evaluate the value of gait speed interventions for depressive symptoms among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yan Zhang
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mei Chan Chong
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Correspondence: Mei Chan Chong, Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia, Tel +603-79492806, Email
| | - Maw Pin Tan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yan Piaw Chua
- Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jin Hua Zhang
- Faculty of Nursing, Xin Xiang Medical University, Xin Xiang City, People’s Republic of China
- Jin Hua Zhang, Faculty of Nursing, Xin Xiang Medical University, Xin Xiang City, 453000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13837328062, Email
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28
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Ozone S, Goto R, Kawada S, Yokoya S. Frailty and social participation in older citizens in Japan during the
COVID
‐19 pandemic. J Gen Fam Med 2022; 23:255-260. [PMID: 35600907 PMCID: PMC9110991 DOI: 10.1002/jgf2.539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study examined the frailty status of older individuals in Japan at 1 year after the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic based on involvement in social activities before and during the pandemic. Methods This cross‐sectional study analyzed citizens aged 65 and 84 who did not require long‐term care in January 2021. A self‐administered questionnaire was mailed to 3000 citizens in Kitaibaraki City, Japan. The questionnaire included social participation status in January 2020 and January 2021, the Kihon Checklist, working status, and economic status. We classified the respondents into the following groups: Nonparticipating, no participation at either time point; Discontinued, participation only in 2020; and Continued, participation at both time points. We compared the Discontinued and Continued groups in terms of Kihon Checklist items using the t‐test. Results Of 2963 individuals who received the questionnaire, 1307 (44.1%) returned it, and 1047 were analyzed. Of the respondents analyzed, 586 (56.0%) were in the Nonparticipating group, 254 (24.3%) were in the Discontinued group, and 207 (19.8%) were in the Continued group. On the Kihon Checklist, oral function and mood differed significantly between the Discontinued and Continued groups. The proportion of those with impairment in multiple categories of the Kihon Checklist was 12.3% in the Nonparticipating group, 5.5% in the Discontinued group, and 3.4% in the Continued group. Conclusions Older individuals who continued participating in social activities at 1 year into the COVID‐19 pandemic might have a lower risk of frailty in terms of oral function and depressed mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Ozone
- Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
| | - Ryhei Goto
- Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
| | - Shogo Kawada
- Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
| | - Shoji Yokoya
- Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
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29
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Wu B, Luo M, Wu F, He Z, Li Y, Xu T. Acute Kidney Injury Associated With Remdesivir: A Comprehensive Pharmacovigilance Analysis of COVID-19 Reports in FAERS. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:692828. [PMID: 35401177 PMCID: PMC8990823 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.692828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication among patients with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19). COVID-19 along with AKI usually resulted in a poor prognosis for those affected. Remdesivir is a novel antiviral drug that was urgently approved for the treatment of COVID-19. In the current study, safety data of remdesivir were limited. We gathered information on COVID-19 cases in patients with adverse events that were reported to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. We employed the reporting odds ratio (ROR) method to perform disproportionality analysis. Finally, we identified 12,869 COVID-19 cases. A total of 3,991 of these cases reported remdesivir as a primary suspected drug, while 8,878 cases were treated with other drugs. More AKI events occurred in cases of male patients and those above the age of 65 years. We detected a significant association between remdesivir and AKI: ROR = 2.81, 95% CI (2.48, 3.18). The association was stronger after the propensity score matching ROR = 3.85, 95% CI (3.11, 4.78). The mean time to AKI event onset was 4.91 ± 7.25 days in COVID-19 cases with remdesivir therapy. The fatality proportion was 36.45% in AKI cases with remdesivir treatment. This pharmacovigilance study identified a significant association between AKI events and remdesivir treatment in COVID-19 patients by mining FAERS real-world big data. Although causality was not confirmed, the association between remdesivir and AKI should not be ignored, especially in the older, male COVID-19 inpatients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fengbo Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyao He
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwen Li
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ting Xu,
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30
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Cho K, Kang A. Home-based rehabilitation in patients over 60 with stabilized ankylosing spondylitis during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2022; 35:261-269. [PMID: 34806597 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-210153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has become a significant healthcare issue, particularly challenging for patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), because immune-related diseases and their treatments could adversely affect the susceptibility to or severity of a viral infection. OBJECTIVE This study is conducted to present an exercise rehabilitation program that patients older than 60 years with AS can do at home during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS Three Delphi surveys were conducted to reach a consensus on home-based rehabilitation programs. This study recruited ten experts and performed three Delphi rounds for a month. RESULTS The expert panel suggested that home-based rehabilitation for the patients should be carried out with a clear rehabilitation goal. Their final recommendations are to institute a program aimed to ease symptoms, such as pain and stiffness; encourage patients to consult with experts regularly to ensure that they perform exercise rehabilitation properly at home; add fast walking and stretching to the rehabilitation program; and see if indoor cycling, Pilates, or yoga could be appropriate. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that patients with AS over 60 should repeat low-intensity exercises, such as stretching, for an hour a day, four to six times a week during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyunghwan Cho
- Department of Health Rehabilitation, Hanshin University, Korea
| | - Austin Kang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea
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31
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Lee YW, Seon JY, Lee SH, Oh IH. COVID-19 Disease Burden Related to Social Vulnerability and Comorbidities: Challenges to Tuberculosis Control. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063597. [PMID: 35329285 PMCID: PMC8950943 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The first coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spike and subsequent pandemic in South Korea were rapid and disruptive. Government response measures for disadvantaged groups against infectious disease should be prioritized based on evidence and affordability. We investigated whether COVID-19 infection, intensive care unit (ICU) care, and mortality from COVID-19 are related to social and medical vulnerability, including tuberculosis (TB). Patients and Methods: Using the National Health Insurance Service COVID-19 database in South Korea, we analyzed 129,128 patients, including controls, from 1 January to 30 May 2020, during the early stage of the COVID-19 epidemic. The relationship between health insurance premiums (representing socioeconomic status), the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) score for the severity of the underlying disease, and additional TB diagnosis was analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: For the demographics, 3244 out of 51,783 men (6.3%) and 4836 out of 77,345 women (6.3%) were infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). COVID-19 infection, ICU care, and mortality were related to older age (p < 0.001) and lower health insurance premium levels (p < 0.05). Regarding the CCI score, the CCI score, COVID-19 infection, and mortality increased (p < 0.0001). In terms of premium level, the highest group showed a lower risk of infection (OR 0.52, 0.48-0.57, p = 0.004), ICU care (OR 0.59, 0.46-0.75, p < 0.001), and mortality (OR 0.51, 0.32-0.78, p = 0.016) than the medical aid group. TB was related to ICU care for COVID-19 (OR 4.27, 1.27-14.38, p = 0.018). Conclusion: In the early epidemic, SARS-CoV-2 infection, ICU admission, and mortality from COVID-19 increased in socioeconomically and physically vulnerable groups. However, the relationship between tuberculosis, COVID-19 and mortality was not definite because of the possible under-reporting of TB cases and the relatively small number of TB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeo Wool Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Jeong Yeon Seon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Korea;
| | - Seung Heon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan-si 15355, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.H.L.); (I.H.O.)
| | - In Hwan Oh
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.H.L.); (I.H.O.)
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32
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Calcaterra L, Cesari M, Lim WS. Long-Term Care Facilities (LTCFs) During the COVID-19 Pandemic-Lessons From the Asian Approach: A Narrative Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022; 23:399-404. [PMID: 35085508 PMCID: PMC8786410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2022.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The COVID-19 pandemic put into question the organizational skills of LTCF. The containment measures implemented in several Asian countries avoided heavy death tolls in LTCF in contrast to other countries across the globe. The aim of this review is therefore to investigate and illustrate the measures that were undertaken in Asia to contain and prevent the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in LTCF. DESIGN Narrative review. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Asian older subjects institutionalized in LTCF. METHODS Broad literature research from July 2020-April 2021. The following search terms were used: "COVID-19 Nursing homes" AND the country of interest or "contact tracing." Eligible categories for inclusion comprise editorials, reviews, government guidelines, letters to the editor, and perspectives. The COVID-19 measures were then subdivided into different sections and compiled into an evidence table. RESULTS Prompt measures were put into action since the beginning of the pandemic that avoided the spread of COVID-19 in LTCF. Examples range from simple acts of proper hand hygiene and environmental disinfection, swab testing, social distancing, preventive measures on health care workers, organizational measures such as quarantine, outbreak control, visitor restrictions, relationship with acute hospitals, and admission policy. Technology also played a fundamental role in promoting social distancing by using specific robots and in managing contact tracing. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The Asian preventive control guidelines are similar to those recommended elsewhere. Difference in timing and past experience with prior outbreaks such as SARS and MERS might have favored the Asian response. Furthermore, sociocultural values toward older persons by protecting and making sure that LTCF are part of the health care system could have also played a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Calcaterra
- Geriatric Fellowship Program, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - Matteo Cesari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Geriatric Unit, IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy
| | - Wee Shiong Lim
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Institute of Geriatrics and Active Ageing, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
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33
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Woo J. Age and Ageing journal 50th anniversary commentary seriesHealthcare for older people in Asia. Age Ageing 2022; 51:6514319. [PMID: 35072709 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Populations in Asian developed economies are rapidly ageing, such that, currently, Hong Kong and Japan have the longest life expectancy at birth for both men and women. However, extended lifespan is not necessarily accompanied by prolongation of health span, such that there is increasing prevalence of frailty and dependency, which translates into increase in complex health and social needs as well as increase in absolute numbers of older adults that require such needs. Consideration of social determinants of healthy ageing would be important in the design of equitable health and social care systems. There is a trend towards development of integrated medical social care in the community in Asian countries. Long-term care insurance and also philanthropic support play a role in the financing of such care models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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34
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Alam MS, Sultana R, Haque MA. Vulnerabilities of older adults and mitigation measures to address COVID-19 outbreak in Bangladesh: A review. SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES OPEN 2022; 6:100336. [PMID: 36124099 PMCID: PMC9474424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssaho.2022.100336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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35
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Yamada M, Arai H. Implication of frailty and disability prevention measures during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Aging Med (Milton) 2021; 4:242-246. [PMID: 34901692 PMCID: PMC8653388 DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Yamada
- Faculty of Human Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Obu Japan
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36
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Miyata K, Matsuda T, Fujita Y, Wakayama S, Sasaki T, Hotta K. Influences of remote exercise training for community-dwelling older adults in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Phys Ther Sci 2021; 33:828-831. [PMID: 34776617 PMCID: PMC8575474 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.33.828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused sudden lifestyle
changes. This study aimed to determine the limitations in activity and the influences of
remote exercise training on community-dwelling older adults during a state of emergency in
Japan. [Participants and Methods] In May 2020, during the COVID-19 state of emergency, we
carried out a mail survey of community-dwelling older adults who had previously
participated in a disability prevention program in Ami town, Ibaraki, Japan. The mail
included a brochure on exercises and a DVD. The attached exercise program was comprised of
10 different exercises, which could be conducted in approximately 30 minutes. [Results] Of
the 191 older adults, 73 responded to this survey (38.2%), of which 42 (58.5%)
participants had decreased outdoor exercise activity, and 50 (68.5%) decreased the amount
of time spent on physical activities during the COVID-19 state of emergency. There were
significant reductions (19.2–22.5%) in the perceived exercise load for each posture after
two weeks of remote exercise training with DVD (n=26). [Conclusion] Our results suggested
that the remote exercise training with the brochure and DVD may be effective. Since this
study involved a small number of participants, future studies should involve larger
populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Miyata
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Science: 4669-2 Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0394 Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsuda
- Department of Physical Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Science: 4669-2 Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-0394 Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Fujita
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Science, Japan
| | - Shuichi Wakayama
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Science, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sasaki
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Science, Japan
| | - Kazushi Hotta
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Science, Japan
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Matsumoto H, Kawagoe M, Hotta S. Older Adults Used Fewer Home Care Services During The COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From A Secondary Analysis Of An Urgent Survey In Japan. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2021; 25:286-293. [PMID: 34748695 PMCID: PMC8749038 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.21.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to identify reduced home care use among older people and its impact on user numbers and service provider revenues during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods We conducted this secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from long-term care providers in Japan and estimated the probability of client cancellations and service contraction for institutional and home care services adjusted for the service type, area, size, infection occurrence, and staff employment impacts. We then estimated the rate of change in user numbers and revenue related to reduced usage. Results Seventy-two percent of home care providers experienced client cancellations and 42.1% experienced service contraction, both of which were more prevalent in home care than in institutional care (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=11.09 and 1.60). Home-visit (AOR=0.70) and short-term stay (AOR=0.38) services were less likely to experience client cancellations compared with adult day services. Service contraction was less likely in home-visit services (AOR=0.60) but were more likely in short-stay services (AOR=1.49) compared to adult day services. The estimated reductions in user numbers and revenue related to service contraction for adult day services were 9.1% and 7.1%, respectively. Home-visiting services decreased by an estimated 3.4% owing to service contraction. Conclusion The secondary effects of the COVID-19 pandemic include reduced use of home care services, especially adult day services that include social contact. These secondary effects of the COVID-19 pandemic may cause functional deterioration in non-infected clients and financially impact service providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshige Matsumoto
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawagoe
- Graduate Course of Health and Social Services, Saitama Prefectural University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoko Hotta
- Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
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Importancia del método Pilates como alternativa de ejercicio físico para ancianos en aislamiento social debido a COVID-19. FISIOTERAPIA 2021. [PMCID: PMC8064837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ft.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kera T, Kawai H, Ejiri M, Takahashi J, Nishida K, Harai A, Hirano H, Watanabe Y, Fujiwara Y, Ihara K, Kim H, Obuchi S. Change in subjective health status among frail older Japanese people owing to the coronavirus disease pandemic and characteristics of their responses. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21:1053-1059. [PMID: 34569701 PMCID: PMC8652671 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Aim The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic remains a major global public health issue, and it has led to restrictions in physical and social activities among community‐dwelling people, including frail older adults. This study aimed to determine the impact of the pandemic on the subjective health status and characteristics of community‐dwelling frail older adults by assessing their knowledge of infection, behaviors and negative psychological response. Methods During October 2019, 720 older adults participated in “The Otassha Study.” A year after the COVID‐19 outbreak, between June 29 and July 31, 2020, a health status questionnaire, comprising questions concerning knowledge about infection, behaviors and psychological responses during the pandemic, was sent to all participants of the health examination in 2019. Respondents were divided into the robust and frail groups, and their responses were compared. Results Although the self‐reported health status of the older adults in both groups was worse in 2020 than in 2019, differences were not observed in the degree of deterioration between the groups. Those in the frail group had fewer resources of information related to COVID‐19 and had fewer coping behaviors for health maintenance compared with the robust group. Conclusion Information gathering and actions aimed at health maintenance tended to be weaker among older adults with frailty, although the influence of COVID‐19 on subjective health status did not differ significantly between robust and frail adults. Therefore, robust and frail older adults may need to adopt different countermeasures to prevent worse health during this pandemic. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2021; 21: 1053–1059.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kera
- Department of Physical Therapy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, Takasaki, Japan.,Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Kawai
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Manami Ejiri
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junta Takahashi
- The Tokyo Metropolitan Support Center for Promotion of Preventive Care, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Nishida
- Health Promotion Management Office, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Harai
- Health Promotion Management Office, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Research Team for Social Participation and Community Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushige Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan
| | - Hunkyung Kim
- Research Team for Promoting Independence and Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Obuchi
- Research Team for Human Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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40
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Jesus TS, Kamalakannan S, Bhattacharjya S, Bogdanova Y, Arango-Lasprilla JC, Bentley J, Landry MD, Papadimitriou C. PREparedness, REsponse and SySTemic transformation (PRE-RE-SyST): a model for disability-inclusive pandemic responses and systemic disparities reduction derived from a scoping review and thematic analysis. Int J Equity Health 2021; 20:204. [PMID: 34521433 PMCID: PMC8438560 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-021-01526-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People with disabilities (PwD) have been facing multiple health, social, and economic disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic, stemming from structural disparities experienced for long time. This paper aims to present the PREparedness, RESponse and SySTemic transformation (PRE-RE-SyST): a model for a disability-inclusive pandemic responses and systematic disparities reduction. Methods Scoping review with a thematic analysis was conducted on the literature published up to mid-September 2020, equating to the initial stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Seven scientific databases and three preprint databases were searched to identify empirical or perspective papers addressing health and socio-economic disparities experienced by PwD as well as reporting actions to address them. Snowballing searches and experts’ consultation were also conducted. Two independent reviewers made eligibility decisions and performed data extractions on any action or recommended action to address disparities. A thematic analysis was then used for the model construction, informed by a systems-thinking approach (i.e., the Iceberg Model). Results From 1027 unique references, 84 were included in the final analysis. The PRE-RE-SyST model articulates a four-level strategic action to: 1) Respond to prevent or reduce disability disparities during a pandemic crisis; 2) Prepare ahead for pandemic and other crises responses; 3) Design systems and policies for a structural disability-inclusiveness; and 4) Transform society’s cultural assumptions about disability. ‘Simple rules’ and literature-based examples on how these strategies can be deployed are provided. Conclusion The PRE-RE-SyST model articulates main strategies, ‘simple rules’ and possible means whereby public health authorities, policy-makers, and other stakeholders can address disability disparities in pandemic crises, and beyond. Beyond immediate pandemic responses, disability-inclusiveness is needed to develop everyday equity-oriented policies and practices that can transform societies towards greater resiliency, as a whole, to pandemic and other health and social emergencies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12939-021-01526-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago S Jesus
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM) & WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Workforce Policy and Planning, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine - NOVA University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences: Sargent College, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sureshkumar Kamalakannan
- Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), South Asia Centre for Disability Inclusive Development and Research (SACDIR), Indian Institute of Public Health - Hyderabad (IIPH-H), Hyderabad, India.
| | - Sutanuka Bhattacharjya
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Yelena Bogdanova
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla
- IKERBASQUE. Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa, Spain
| | - Jacob Bentley
- Department of Clinical Psychology Seattle Pacific University, Seattle WA, USA.,Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Michel D Landry
- Duke Global Health Institute (DGHI), School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christina Papadimitriou
- School of Health Sciences, Departments of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, and Sociology, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
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41
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Shin SM, Oh TJ, Choi SH, Jang HC. Effects of Social Distancing on Diabetes Management in Older Adults during COVID-19 Pandemic. Diabetes Metab J 2021; 45:765-772. [PMID: 34461683 PMCID: PMC8497936 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2021.0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND On March 22, 2020, intense social distancing (SD) was implemented in Korea to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). This study examined the impact of SD on diabetes control in older adults with diabetes. METHODS Adults aged 60 to 90 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were physically and mentally independent were recruited. Participants who had complete blood chemistry data from April to July 2019 (pre-SD era) and April to July 2020 (SD era) were enrolled. Data were obtained about physical activity, nutrition, sarcopenia, and psychological and mental health from questionnaires in April to July 2020. Calf circumference was measured. RESULTS In total, 246 people (100 men, 146 women; mean age, 73.8±5.7 years) participated in this study. The levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, 7.4%±1.0% vs. 7.1%±0.8%, P<0.001), fasting glucose (142.2±16.7 mg/dL vs. 132.0±27.7 mg/dL, P<0.001), and body weight (62.6±9.4 kg vs. 61.8±10.1 kg, P<0.01) were higher in the SD era than in the pre-SD era. Total physical activity was lower in the SD era (2,584.6±2,624.1 MET-min/week-1 vs. 1,987.3±2,295.0 MET-min/week-1, P<0.001). A larger increase in HbA1c level was associated with increased body weight and decreased physical activity. CONCLUSION SD had negative effects on diabetes management in older adults with diabetes. Fasting glucose and HbA1c levels and body weight increased during the SD era. Participants with reduced physical activity gained more weight and had higher blood glucose levels. Given that the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing, health professionals and diabetes educators should monitor changes in lifestyle factors in older adults with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Myoung Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Tae Jung Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hak Chul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding author: Hak Chul Jang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4188-6536 Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 82 Gumi-ro 173beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Korea E-mail:
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42
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Anand SV, Shuy YK, Lee PSS, Lee ES. One Year on: An Overview of Singapore's Response to COVID-19-What We Did, How We Fared, How We Can Move Forward. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18179125. [PMID: 34501718 PMCID: PMC8431401 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18179125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background—One year has passed since the first COVID-19 case in Singapore. This scoping review commemorates Singaporean researchers that have expanded the knowledge on this novel virus. We aim to provide an overview of healthcare-related articles published in peer-reviewed journals, authored by the Singapore research community about COVID-19 during the first year of the pandemic. Methods—This was reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) protocol. It included healthcare-related articles about COVID-19 published between 23 January 2020 and 22 January 2021 with a Singapore-affiliated author. MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, and local journals were searched. The articles were screened independently by two reviewers. Results—The review included 504 articles. Most of the articles narrated the changes to hospital practice (210), while articles on COVID-19 pathology (94) formed most of the non-narrative papers. Publications on public health (61) and the indirect impacts to clinical outcomes (45) were other major themes explored by the research community. The remaining articles detailed the psychological impact of the pandemic (35), adaptations of medical education (30), and narratives of events (14). Conclusion—Amidst a resurgence of community cases involving variant COVID-19 strains, the resources from the research community will provide valuable guidance to navigate these uncertain times.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vivek Anand
- Ministry of Health Holdings, Singapore 099253, Singapore;
| | - Yao Kang Shuy
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308207, Singapore;
| | - Poay Sian Sabrina Lee
- Clinical Research Unit, National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore 138543, Singapore;
| | - Eng Sing Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308207, Singapore;
- Clinical Research Unit, National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, Singapore 138543, Singapore;
- Correspondence:
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Nambi G, Abdelbasset WK, Alrawaili SM, Elsayed SH, Verma A, Vellaiyan A, Eid MM, Aldhafian OR, Nwihadh NB, Saleh AK. Comparative effectiveness study of low versus high-intensity aerobic training with resistance training in community-dwelling older men with post-COVID 19 sarcopenia: A randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2021; 36:59-68. [PMID: 34344230 DOI: 10.1177/02692155211036956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To find and compare the clinical and psychological effects of low and high-intensity aerobic training combined with resistance training in community-dwelling older men with post-COVID-19 sarcopenia symptoms. DESIGN Randomized control trial. SETTING University physiotherapy clinic. PARTICIPANTS Men in the age range of 60-80 years with post-COVID-19 Sarcopenia. INTERVENTION All participants received resistance training for whatever time of the day that they received it, and that in addition they were randomized into two groups like low-intensity aerobic training group (n = 38) and high-intensity aerobic training group (n = 38) for 30 minutes/session, 1 session/day, 4 days/week for 8 weeks. OUTCOMES Clinical (muscle strength and muscle mass) and psychological (kinesiophobia and quality of life scales) measures were measured at the baseline, fourth week, the eighth week, and at six months follow-up. RESULTS The 2 × 4 group by time repeated measures MANOVA with corrected post-hoc tests for six dependent variables shows a significant difference between the groups (P < 0.001). At the end of six months follow up, the handgrip strength, -3.9 (95% CI -4.26 to -3.53), kinesiophobia level 4.7 (95% CI 4.24 to 5.15), and quality of life -10.4 (95% CI -10.81 to -9.9) shows more improvement (P < 0.001) in low-intensity aerobic training group than high-intensity aerobic training group, but in muscle mass both groups did not show any significant difference (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Low-intensity aerobic training exercises are more effective in improving the clinical (muscle strength) and psychological (kinesiophobia and quality of life) measures than high-intensity aerobic training in post-COVID 19 Sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal Nambi
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Saud M Alrawaili
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shereen H Elsayed
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Cardiovascular/Respiratory Disorder and Geriatrics, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Anju Verma
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arul Vellaiyan
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa M Eid
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physical Therapy for Surgery, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Osama R Aldhafian
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Bin Nwihadh
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman K Saleh
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Kung Chen
- Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Yangming Campus, Taipei, Taiwan; Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Municipal Dan-Dau Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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45
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Building social media-based knowledge ecosystems for enhancing business resilience through mass collaboration. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ORGANIZATIONAL ANALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/ijoa-12-2020-2542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The outbreak of COVID-19 is one of the most serious health events in recent times. In the business landscape, its effects may be more detrimental to micro-, small- and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) because they tend to have limited financial and human resources to manage the challenges caused by COVID-19. To help MSMEs enhance their resilience, this paper aims to discuss how they can leverage mass collaboration to build social media-based knowledge ecosystems to manage interactions among internal and external stakeholders for knowledge creation and innovation.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper proposes a model for MSMEs to build an online knowledge ecosystem and a standalone text analytics tool to use the advanced data analytics, e.g. topic modeling, to analyze and aggregate collective insights. Design science research methodology is used to develop the model and the tool.
Findings
Through mass collaboration using social media and advanced data analytics technology, MSMEs can generate new business ideas, leading to enhanced resilience to meet the challenges caused by COVID-19 or other unexpected or extraordinary circumstances, such as natural disasters and financial crises.
Originality/value
To the best of authors’ knowledge, this paper is one of the first papers in social media adoption for knowledge creation and innovation research, providing detailed approaches for MSMEs to build a knowledge ecosystem on social media and to use advanced data analytics to mine the meaning of the generated data.
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46
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Lim JY. Challenges and Opportunities toward the Decade of Healthy Ageing in the Post-pandemic Era. Ann Geriatr Med Res 2021; 25:63-64. [PMID: 34187139 PMCID: PMC8272995 DOI: 10.4235/agmr.21.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Young Lim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
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47
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Promoting the Quality of Life of Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136813. [PMID: 34201928 PMCID: PMC8297320 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the technology learning model of the elderly in a senior learning center under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many senior learning centers were closed during the pandemic, and many of them adopted the mode of online education. However, problems such as decreased motivation and a lack of peer interaction still exist. To solve these problems, this study used the easy-to-implement calligraphy AR approach and E-book approach to conduct a quasi-experiment on the elderly of a calligraphy course offered by a senior learning center. The results show a higher learning motivation among the elderly who use calligraphy AR. The learning effectiveness and technology acceptance of the elderly in the E-book learning group were higher than those in the calligraphy AR group. The elderly mentioned that the E-book learning approach is more user-friendly. In general, in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic affecting the suspension of classes in senior centers, education through the development of technology has stimulated the growth of education in advanced learning centers. Through this kind of scientific and technological learning method, it will bring a whole new experience to the elderly. It can improve the stress relief methods, mental health, and quality of life of the elderly during the COVID-19 emergency shutdown, and provide a novel calligraphy technique learning experience for the elderly. Therefore, we believe that the calligraphy AR learning approach and the calligraphy E-book learning approach are practical and may promote quality of life and mental health of the elderly during the emergency closures due to COVID-19, providing elderly attendees with a novel calligraphy technology learning experience.
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Changes in Daily Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic among South Korean Older Adults with Chronic Diseases: A Qualitative Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18136781. [PMID: 34202534 PMCID: PMC8297182 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18136781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults are considered a high-risk group and have been advised to stay home or practice social distancing. This qualitative study examined the effects of strong quarantine measures and social distancing on older adults’ lifestyles. The participants in this study were 13 people aged 65 and older with chronic diseases who resided in South Korean communities. Qualitative content analysis was conducted to interpret the data collected from in-depth interviews. Four themes and 13 subthemes were identified. The four themes were “lifestyle changes,” “increased cautiousness in daily life,” “psychological changes,” and “adaptation to life during the COVID-19 pandemic.” The participants followed quarantine rules strictly and noted lifestyle changes, such as increased time spent at home due to social distancing guidelines, a smaller radius of daily activity, and changes in exercise and dietary habits. They also reported increased caution toward other people and objects that other people interacted with due to their fear of COVID-19 infection. They expressed fear about COVID-19 infection and anxiety about COVID-19-related news, and they often felt bored and depressed; however, the participants accepted, endured, and gradually adapted to these lifestyle changes. Non-face-to-face community support is urgently needed for older adults facing reduced levels of physical activity and psychological hardships due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Del Brutto OH, Mera RM, Pérez P, Recalde BY, Costa AF, Sedler MJ. Hand grip strength before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in community-dwelling older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:2722-2731. [PMID: 34124775 PMCID: PMC8447376 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective To assess the association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and decreased hand grip strength (HGS). Design Longitudinal population‐based study. Setting Community‐dwelling older adults (aged ≥60 years) living in a rural Ecuadorian village struck by the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic. Participants Of 282 enrolled individuals, 254 (90%) finished the study. Measurements HGS was measured 3 months before (January 2020) and 9 months after the introduction of the virus into the population (January 2021). SARS‐CoV‐2 antibody testing was performed in two rounds: in May–June (early) and September–November (late), 2020. An independent association between SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and HGS decline was assessed by fitting linear mixed models for longitudinal data. Changes in HGS scores in SARS‐CoV‐2 seropositive subjects, according to the time elapsed since seroconversion, were compared with those who remained seronegative. Results Overall, 149 (59%) individuals became seropositive for SARS‐CoV‐2. The mean HGS (in kg) was 25.3 ± 8.3 at baseline and 23.7 ± 8.1 at follow‐up (p = 0.028), with 140 individuals having >5% HGS decline between both measurements. The follow‐up HGS measurement decreased by 1.72 kg in seropositive individuals, and by 0.57 kg in their seronegative counterparts (p < 0.001). SARS‐CoV‐2 seropositive individuals were 2.27 times more likely (95% CI: 1.33–3.87) to have a lower HGS measurement at the time of follow‐up than those who remained seronegative. When compared with seronegative subjects, seropositive patients with early seroconversion were 3.41 times (95% CI: 1.73–6.74) more likely to have >5% HGS decline at the time of the follow‐up than those with later, i.e., more recent, infections. Conclusions This study shows an independent deleterious impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 on HGS that is more marked among individuals with infections that occurred more than 8 months before follow‐up HGS. Results suggest the possibility of chronic damage to skeletal muscles by SARS‐CoV‐2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar H Del Brutto
- School of Medicine, Universidad Espíritu Santo - Ecuador, Samborondón, Ecuador
| | - Robertino M Mera
- Department of Epidemiology, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, USA
| | - Pedro Pérez
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Morningside, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Aldo F Costa
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Mark J Sedler
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, New York, New York, USA
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Jesus TS, Bhattacharjya S, Papadimitriou C, Bogdanova Y, Bentley J, Arango-Lasprilla JC, Kamalakannan S. Lockdown-Related Disparities Experienced by People with Disabilities during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Scoping Review with Thematic Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6178. [PMID: 34200979 PMCID: PMC8228347 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
People with disabilities may be disproportionally affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. We synthesize the literature on broader health and social impacts on people with disabilities arising from lockdown-related measures. METHODS Scoping review with thematic analysis. Up to mid-September 2020, seven scientific databases and three pre-print servers were searched to identify empirical or perspective papers addressing lockdown-related disparities experienced by people with disabilities. Snowballing searches and experts' consultation also occurred. Two independent reviewers took eligibility decisions and performed data extractions. RESULTS Out of 1026 unique references, 85 addressed lockdown-related disparities experienced by people with disabilities. Ten primary and two central themes were identified: (1) Disrupted access to healthcare (other than for COVID-19); (2) Reduced physical activity leading to health and functional decline; (3) From physical distance and inactivity to social isolation and loneliness; (4) Disruption of personal assistance and community support networks; (5) Children with disabilities disproportionally affected by school closures; (6) Psychological consequences of disrupted routines, activities, and support; (7) Family and informal caregiver burden and stress; (8) Risks of maltreatment, violence, and self-harm; (9) Reduced employment and/or income exacerbating disparities; and (10) Digital divide in access to health, education, and support services. Lack of disability-inclusive response and emergency preparedness and structural, pre-pandemic disparities were the central themes. CONCLUSIONS Lockdown-related measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic can disproportionally affect people with disabilities with broader impact on their health and social grounds. Lack of disability-inclusive response and emergency preparedness and pre-pandemic disparities created structural disadvantages, exacerbated during the pandemic. Both structural disparities and their pandemic ramifications require the development and implementation of disability-inclusive public health and policy measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago S. Jesus
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM) & WHO Collaborating Centre for Health Workforce Policy and Planning, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1349-008 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences: Sargent College, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Sutanuka Bhattacharjya
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Byrdine F. Lewis College of Nursing and Health Professions, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA;
| | - Christina Papadimitriou
- Departments of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, and Sociology, School of Health Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309-4452, USA;
| | - Yelena Bogdanova
- Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA;
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Jacob Bentley
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Seattle Pacific University, Seattle, WA 98119, USA;
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, John Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205-2196, USA
| | - Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain;
- Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903 Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Sureshkumar Kamalakannan
- Public Health Foundation of India (PHFI), South Asia Centre for Disability Inclusive Development and Research (SACDIR), Indian Institute of Public Health, Hyderabad 500033, India
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