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Ferreira JDCP, Soley BS, Pawloski PL, Moreira CG, Pesquero JB, Bader M, Calixto JB, Cabrini DA, Otuki MF. Role of kinin receptors in skin pigmentation. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 973:176537. [PMID: 38604546 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that all kinin system is constitutively expressed in the normal and inflamed skin, with a potential role in both physiological and pathological processes. However, the understanding regarding the involvement of the kinin system in skin pigmentation and pigmentation disorders remains incomplete. In this context, the present study was designed to determine the role of kinins in the Monobenzone (MBZ)-induced vitiligo-like model. Our findings showed that MBZ induces higher local skin depigmentation in kinin receptors knockout mice (KOB1R, KOB2R and KOB1B2R) than in wild type (WT). Remarkably, lower levels of melanin content and reduced ROS generation were detected in KOB1R and KOB2R mice treated with MBZ. In addition, both KOB1R and KOB2R show increased dermal cell infiltrate in vitiligo-like skin, when compared to WT-MBZ. Additionally, lack of B1R was associated with greater skin accumulation of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-17 by MBZ, while KOB1B2R presented lower levels of TNF and IL-1. Of note, the absence of both kinin B1 and B2 receptors demonstrates a protective effect by preventing the increase in polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell infiltrations, as well as inflammatory cytokine levels induced by MBZ. In addition, in vitro assays confirm that B1R and B2R agonists increase intracellular melanin synthesis, while bradykinin significantly enhanced extracellular melanin levels and proliferation of B16F10 cells. Our findings highlight that the lack of kinin receptors caused more severe depigmentation in the skin, as well as genetic deletion of both B1/B2 receptors seems to be linked with changes in levels of constitutive melanin levels, suggesting the involvement of kinin system in crucial skin pigmentation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna Silva Soley
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | | | | | - João Bosco Pesquero
- Department of Biophysics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin, Germany; Institute for Biology, University of Lübeck, Germany; Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Germany
| | - João Batista Calixto
- Center of Innovation and Preclinical Studies (CIENP), Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | | | - Michel Fleith Otuki
- Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
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Bae S, Lee JN, Hyun CG. Anti-Melanogenic and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of 2'-Hydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxychalcone in B16F10 and RAW264.7 Cells. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6018-6040. [PMID: 38921030 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Chalcone is a type of flavonoid compound that is widely biosynthesized in plants. Studies have shown that consuming flavonoids from fruits and vegetables or applying individual ingredients reduces the risk of skin disease. However, the effects of chalcone on melanogenesis and inflammation have not been fully investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-melanogenic and anti-inflammatory effects of 2'-hydroxy-3,4'-dimethoxychalcone (3,4'-DMC), 2'-hydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxychalcone (4,4'-DMC), 2'-hydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxychalcone (3',4'-DMC), and 2'-hydroxy-4',6'-dimethoxychalcone (4',6'-DMC). Among the derivatives of 2'-hydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone, 4',6'-DMC demonstrated the most potent melanogenesis-inhibitory and anti-inflammatory effects. As evidenced by various biological assays, 4',6'-DMC showed no cytotoxicity and notably decreased the expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, and TRP-2 enzymes. Furthermore, it reduced cellular melanin content and intracellular tyrosinase activity in B16F10 melanoma cells by downregulating microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), and protein kinase B (AKT) proteins, while upregulating extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p-β-catenin. Additionally, treatment with 4',6'-DMC significantly mitigated the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of NO, PGE2, inflammatory cytokines, COX-2, and iNOS proteins. Overall, 4',6'-DMC treatment notably alleviated LPS-induced damage by reducing nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), p38, JNK protein levels, and NF-kB/p65 nuclear translocation. Finally, the topical applicability of 4',6'-DMC was evaluated in a preliminary human skin irritation test and no adverse effects were found. These findings suggest that 4',6'-DMC may offer new possibilities for use as functional ingredients in cosmeceuticals and ointments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungmin Bae
- Department of Beauty and Cosmetology, Jeju Inside Agency and Cosmetic Science Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-No Lee
- Bio Convergence R&D Center, CoSeedBioPharm Corporation, Heungdeok-gu, Cheongju 28161, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Gu Hyun
- Department of Beauty and Cosmetology, Jeju Inside Agency and Cosmetic Science Center, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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Patel P, Chen A, Sharma N, Zhang Y, Quan VL, Olivares S, Gerami P. PRKC Fusion Melanocytic Tumors, a Subgroup of Melanocytic Tumors More Closely Aligned to Blue Nevi Than to PRKAR1A-inactivated Pigmented Epithelioid Melanocytomas. Am J Surg Pathol 2024:00000478-990000000-00365. [PMID: 38864210 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000002262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Tumors morphologically classified as pigmented epithelioid melanocytomas (PEMs) are genomically diverse, with the 2 most common genomic subtypes being PRKC fusions or PRKAR1A inactivating mutations. PRKC fusions activate the Gαq/11 pathway similar to blue nevi. Conversely, inactivating mutations in PRKAR1A activate the Gαs pathway. We hypothesize that PRKC fusions have greater genomic overlap with blue nevi compared with PRKAR1A-inactivated PEMs. We characterized the clinical and morphologic features of 21 PRKC and PRKACB fusion melanocytic tumors and compared this to PRKAR1A mutated PEMs. To test our hypothesis regarding greater genomic overlap between PRKC fusions and blue nevi relative to PRKAR1A mutated PEMs, we performed a principal component analysis (PCA) using mRNA expression data. Lastly, we performed a meta-analysis focusing on the outcome data of PRKC fusions. PRKC fusions occur at a younger median age than PRKAR1A mutated PEMs (16 vs. 27). Histologically, PRKC fusions have solid aggregates of epithelioid melanocytes not typical of PRKAR1A mutated PEMs. The PCA plot showed no overlap between the PRKC fusion group and the PRKAR1A-mutated PEMs. There was a significant overlap between PRKC fusions and blue nevi. A meta-analysis of PRKC fusion cases in the literature suggests melanoma is uncommon, but the loss of BAP-1 nuclear expression may be associated with an adverse prognosis as in tumors from the blue nevus family. PRKC fusion melanocytic tumors have greater genomic overlap with blue nevi compared with PRKAR1A mutated PEMs. We recommend categorizing benign PRKC fusion melanocytic tumors as blue fusion nevi/tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragi Patel
- Department of Dermatology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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4
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Ascsillán AA, Kemény LV. The Skin-Brain Axis: From UV and Pigmentation to Behaviour Modulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6199. [PMID: 38892387 PMCID: PMC11172643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The skin-brain axis has been suggested to play a role in several pathophysiological conditions, including opioid addiction, Parkinson's disease and many others. Recent evidence suggests that pathways regulating skin pigmentation may directly and indirectly regulate behaviour. Conversely, CNS-driven neural and hormonal responses have been demonstrated to regulate pigmentation, e.g., under stress. Additionally, due to the shared neuroectodermal origins of the melanocytes and neurons in the CNS, certain CNS diseases may be linked to pigmentation-related changes due to common regulators, e.g., MC1R variations. Furthermore, the HPA analogue of the skin connects skin pigmentation to the endocrine system, thereby allowing the skin to index possible hormonal abnormalities visibly. In this review, insight is provided into skin pigment production and neuromelanin synthesis in the brain and recent findings are summarised on how signalling pathways in the skin, with a particular focus on pigmentation, are interconnected with the central nervous system. Thus, this review may supply a better understanding of the mechanism of several skin-brain associations in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Ascsillán
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- HCEMM-SU Translational Dermatology Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Lajos V. Kemény
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
- HCEMM-SU Translational Dermatology Research Group, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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Jeung D, Lee GE, Chen W, Byun J, Nam SB, Park YM, Lee HS, Kang HC, Lee JY, Kim KD, Hong YS, Lee CJ, Kim DJ, Cho YY. Ribosomal S6 kinase 2-forkhead box protein O4 signaling pathway plays an essential role in melanogenesis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9440. [PMID: 38658799 PMCID: PMC11043394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60165-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Although previous studies have examined the signaling pathway involved in melanogenesis through which ultraviolet (UV) or α-melanocyte-stimulating hormones (α-MSH) stimuli act as key inducers to produce melanin at the stratum basal layer of the epidermis, the signaling pathway regulating melanogenesis is still controversial. This study reports that α-MSH, not UVA and UVB, acted as a major stimulus of melanogenesis in B16F10 melanoma cells. Signaling pathway analysis using gene knockdown technology and chemical inhibitors, the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/p90 ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (RSK2) played an important role in melanogenesis. Unexpectedly, LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, increased melanogenesis without UV or α-MSH stimulation, suggesting that the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may not be a major signaling pathway for melanogenesis. Chemical inhibition of the MEKs/ERKs/RSK2 signaling pathway using U0126 or BI-D1870 suppressed melanogenesis by stimulation of UVA or α-MSH stimulation, or both. In particular, the genetic depletion of RSK2 or constitutive active (CA)-RSK2 overexpression showed that RSK2 plays a key role in melanogenesis. Interestingly, forkhead box protein O4 (FOXO4) was phosphorylated by RSK2, resulting in the increase of FOXO4's transactivation activity. Notably, the FOXO4 mutant harboring serine-to-alanine replacement at the phosphorylation sites totally abrogated the transactivation activity and reduced melanin production, indicating that RSK2-mediated FOXO4 activity plays a key role in melanogenesis. Furthermore, kaempferol, a flavonoid inhibiting the RSK2 activity, suppressed melanogenesis. In addition, FOXO4-wt overexpression showed that FOXO4 enhance melanin synthesis. Overall, the RSK2-FOXO4 signaling pathway plays a key role in modulating melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dohyun Jeung
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Ga-Eun Lee
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Weidong Chen
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Jiin Byun
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Soo-Bin Nam
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
- Biopharmaceutical research center, Ochang Institute of Biological and Environmental Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Min Park
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Hye Suk Lee
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Han Chang Kang
- College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Joo Young Lee
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea
| | - Kwang Dong Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, 501, Jinju-daero, Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, 52828, South Korea
| | - Young-Soo Hong
- Anticancer Agent Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 30, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongju-si, Chongbuk, 28116, South Korea
| | - Cheol-Jung Lee
- Biopharmaceutical research center, Ochang Institute of Biological and Environmental Science, Korea Basic Science Institute, 162, Yeongudanji-ro, Ochang-eup, Cheongwon-gu, Cheongju-si, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Joon Kim
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, MBMRF, 1.410, 5300, North L St., McAllen, TX, 78504, USA
| | - Yong-Yeon Cho
- BK21-4Th Team, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, South Korea.
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6
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Cho J, Bejaoui M, Tominaga K, Isoda H. Comparative Analysis of Olive-Derived Phenolic Compounds' Pro-Melanogenesis Effects on B16F10 Cells and Epidermal Human Melanocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4479. [PMID: 38674064 PMCID: PMC11050296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Olive leaf contains plenty of phenolic compounds, among which oleuropein (OP) is the main component and belongs to the group of secoiridoids. Additionally, phenolic compounds such as oleocanthal (OL) and oleacein (OC), which share a structural similarity with OP and two aldehyde groups, are also present in olive leaves. These compounds have been studied for several health benefits, such as anti-cancer and antioxidant effects. However, their impact on the skin remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of these three compounds on melanogenesis using B16F10 cells and human epidermal cells. Thousands of gene expressions were measured by global gene expression profiling with B16F10 cells. We found that glutaraldehyde compounds derived from olive leaves have a potential effect on the activation of the melanogenesis pathway and inducing differentiation in B16F10 cells. Accordingly, the pro-melanogenesis effect was investigated by means of melanin quantification, mRNA, and protein expression using human epidermal melanocytes (HEM). This study suggests that secoiridoid and its derivates have an impact on skin protection by promoting melanin production in both human and mouse cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Cho
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan; (J.C.)
| | - Meriem Bejaoui
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan; (J.C.)
- Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tominaga
- Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan; (J.C.)
- Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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Wang L, Xue Z, Tian Y, Zeng W, Zhang T, Lu H. A single-cell transcriptome atlas of Lueyang black-bone chicken skin. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103513. [PMID: 38350389 PMCID: PMC10875617 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
As the largest organ of the body, the skin participates in various physiological activities, such as barrier function, sensory function, and temperature regulation, thereby maintaining the balance between the body and the natural environment. To date, compositional and transcriptional profiles in chicken skin cells have not been reported. Here, we report detailed transcriptome analyses of cell populations present in the skin of a black-feather chicken and a white-feather chicken using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). By analyzing cluster-specific gene expression profiles, we identified 12 cell clusters, and their corresponding cell types were also characterized. Subsequently, we characterized the subpopulations of keratinocytes, myocytes, mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts, and melanocytes. It is worth noting that we have identified a subpopulation of keratinocytes involved in pigment granule capture and a subpopulation of melanocytes involved in pigment granule deposition, both of which have a higher cell abundance in black-feather chicken compared to white-feather chicken. Meanwhile, we also compared the cellular heterogeneity features of Lueyang black-bone chicken skin with different feather colors. In addition, we also screened out 12 genes those could be potential markers of melanocytes. Finally, we validated the specific expression of SGK1, WNT5A, CTSC, TYR, and LAPTM5 in black-feather chicken, which may be the key candidate genes determining the feather color differentiation of Lueyang black-bone chicken. In summary, this study first revealed the transcriptome characteristics of chicken skin cells via scRNA-seq technology. These datasets provide valuable information for the study of avian skin characteristics and have important implications for future poultry breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Engineering Research Center of Quality Improvement and Safety Control of Qinba Special Meat Products, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Zhen Xue
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Yingmin Tian
- School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Wenxian Zeng
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Engineering Research Center of Quality Improvement and Safety Control of Qinba Special Meat Products, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Engineering Research Center of Quality Improvement and Safety Control of Qinba Special Meat Products, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
| | - Hongzhao Lu
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- Engineering Research Center of Quality Improvement and Safety Control of Qinba Special Meat Products, Universities of Shaanxi Province, 723001 Hanzhong, China
- QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi University of Technology, 723001 Hanzhong, China
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Dong J, Peng Z, Chen M, Lai Y, Zhang X, Yu M, Zhong H, Liu J, Yue Y, Shang J. Long Non-Coding RNA Mir17hg Positively Regulates Melanogenesis by Inhibiting TGFβ Receptor 2 under Psychological Stress. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:358-368.e10. [PMID: 37709007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is a common skin depigmentation disorder characterized by the patchy loss of skin color. Nowadays, it is recognized as being correlated with multiple genetic factors as well as the psychological conditions of individuals. Long noncoding RNAs have been reported to underlie the pathogenesis of vitiligo; however, the role of long noncoding RNAs in the stress-related depigmentation process remains largely unknown. In this study, the inhibition of melanocyte function was observed in C57BL/6J mice modeled through chronic restraint stress. Furthermore, downregulation of the expression of the long noncoding RNAs Mir17hg was identified using RNA sequencing. The regulatory role of Mir17hg in melanogenesis was also investigated in melanocytes and zebrafish embryos through overexpression or knockdown. Finally, TGFβ receptor 2 was shown to be a downstream target in Mir17hg-mediated melanogenesis regulation, in which the classical TGFβ/SMAD signaling cascade and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade play important roles. In conclusion, our results revealed an important regulatory role of Mir17hg in melanogenesis through inhibition of TGFβR2, which can provide a potential therapeutic target for treating skin depigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zan Peng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minghan Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifan Lai
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- New Drug Screening Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunyun Yue
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jing Shang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Cosmetics, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China.
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9
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Balkrishna A, Lochab S, Verma S, Srivastava J, Dev R, Varshney A. Melanogrit potentiates melanogenesis by escalating cellular tyrosinase activity and MITF levels via pERK inhibition. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20231324. [PMID: 38054639 PMCID: PMC10776901 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitiligo is characterized by the development of white patches on the skin either due to the loss of functional melanocytes or perturbations in the melanogenesis pathway. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of herbo-mineral formulation, Melanogrit in neutralizing the white patches in the skin. The study utilized UPLC/MS-QToF technique to determine the diversified phytochemical profile in Melanogrit. The murine B16F10 cells when treated with Melanogrit underwent morphological changes, including increased angularity, enlarged cell size, and greater dendritic protrusions. To establish an equivalent model to study melanogenesis, we carefully optimized the dosage of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (αMSH) in B16F10 cells as an alternative to using melanocyte-keratinocyte cocultures. The study determined a sub-optimal dose of αMSH (0.2 nM) in B16F10 cells that does not manifest any measurable effects on melanogenesis. In contrast, Melanogrit when used in conjunction with 0.2 nM αMSH, induced a dose-dependent increase in extracellular and intracellular melanin levels. Melanogrit transcriptionally up-regulated the decisive genes of the melanogenesis pathway, MITF, TYR, and TRP1, which was evident from the increased cellular tyrosine activity. Our findings also demonstrated that Melanogrit ameliorated the MITF protein levels by inhibiting pERK; notably without involving GSK3β in the process. Taken together, our findings strongly suggest that Melanogrit has the potential to stimulate melanogenesis, making it a promising candidate for clinical applications in the treatment of white skin patches that develop in vitiligo patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Foundation, NH-58, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Roorkee-Haridwar Road, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
- Patanjali Yog Peeth (UK) Trust, 40 Lambhill Street, Kinning Park, Glasgow G41 1AU, U.K
- Vedic Acharya Samaj Foundation, Inc. NFP, 21725 CR 33, Groveland, FL 34736, U.S.A
| | - Savita Lochab
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Foundation, NH-58, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sudeep Verma
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Foundation, NH-58, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jyotish Srivastava
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Foundation, NH-58, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rishabh Dev
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Foundation, NH-58, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Foundation, NH-58, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Roorkee-Haridwar Road, Haridwar 249405, Uttarakhand, India
- Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Kim HY, Do HY, Park S, Kim KW, Min D, Lee EY, Shim D, Cho SY, Park JO, Lee CS, Nam SJ, Ko J. 2,4,6-Triphenyl-1-hexene, an Anti-Melanogenic Compound from Marine-Derived Bacillus sp. APmarine135. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:72. [PMID: 38393043 PMCID: PMC10890162 DOI: 10.3390/md22020072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Although melanin protects against ultraviolet radiation, its overproduction causes freckles and senile lentigines. Recently, various biological effects of metabolites derived from marine microorganisms have been highlighted due to their potential for biological and pharmacological applications. In this study, we discovered the anti-melanogenic effect of Bacillus sp. APmarine135 and verified the skin-whitening effect. Fractions of APmarine135 showed the melanin synthesis inhibition effect in B16 melanoma cells, and 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene was identified as an active compound. The melanogenic capacity of 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (1) was investigated by assessing the intracellular melanin content in B16 cells. Treatment with 5 ppm of 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (1) for 72 h suppressed the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced intracellular melanin increase to the same level as in the untreated control group. Additionally, 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (1) treatment suppressed the activity of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme for melanogenesis. Moreover, 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (1) treatment downregulated tyrosinase, Tyrp-1, and Tyrp-2 expression by inhibiting the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). Furthermore, 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (1) treatment decreased the melanin content in the three-dimensional (3D) human-pigmented epidermis model MelanoDerm and exerted skin-whitening effects. Mechanistically, 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (1) exerted anti-melanogenic effects by suppressing tyrosinase, Tyrp-1, and Tyrp-2 expression and activities via inhibition of the MITF. Collectively, these findings suggest that 2,4,6-triphenyl-1-hexene (1) is a promising anti-melanogenic agent in the cosmetic industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Yeon Kim
- Department of Beauty and Cosmetic Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Republic of Korea; (H.Y.K.); (D.S.)
| | - Hye-Yeon Do
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.D.); (E.-Y.L.)
| | - Saitbyul Park
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, AMOREPACIFIC R&I Center, Yongin 17074, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (D.M.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Keon Woo Kim
- Department of Natural Product Laboratory, Daebong LS Co., Ltd., Incheon 21697, Republic of Korea; (K.W.K.); (J.O.P.)
| | - Daejin Min
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, AMOREPACIFIC R&I Center, Yongin 17074, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (D.M.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.D.); (E.-Y.L.)
| | - Dabin Shim
- Department of Beauty and Cosmetic Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Republic of Korea; (H.Y.K.); (D.S.)
| | - Sung Yeon Cho
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, AMOREPACIFIC R&I Center, Yongin 17074, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (D.M.); (S.Y.C.)
| | - Jin Oh Park
- Department of Natural Product Laboratory, Daebong LS Co., Ltd., Incheon 21697, Republic of Korea; (K.W.K.); (J.O.P.)
| | - Chang Seok Lee
- Department of Beauty and Cosmetic Science, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Republic of Korea; (H.Y.K.); (D.S.)
| | - Sang-Jip Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea; (H.-Y.D.); (E.-Y.L.)
| | - Jaeyoung Ko
- Basic Research & Innovation Division, AMOREPACIFIC R&I Center, Yongin 17074, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (D.M.); (S.Y.C.)
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11
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Lv J, Zhang X, An X, Cao Y, Meng D, Zou K, Gao R, Zhang R. The inhibition of VDAC1 oligomerization promotes pigmentation through the CaMK-CRTCs/CREB-MITF pathway. Exp Cell Res 2024; 434:113874. [PMID: 38070860 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) forms an oligomeric structure on the mitochondrial outer membrane, which plays critical roles in many physiological processes. Research studies have demonstrated that the knockout of VDAC1 increases pigment content and up-regulates the expression of melanogenic genes. Due to its involvement in various physiological processes, the depletion of VDAC1 has significant detrimental effects on cellular functions and the inhibition of VDAC1 oligomerization has recently emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of several diseases. In this study, we found that VDAC1 oligomerization inhibitors, VBIT-12 and NSC-15364, promote melanogenesis, dendrite formation and melanosome transport in human epidermal melanocytes (HEMCs). Mechanistically, treatment of HEMCs with an oligomerization inhibitor increased the level of cytoplasmic calcium ions, which activated calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase (CaMK) and led to the phosphorylation of CREB and the nuclear translocation of CREB-regulated transcription coactivators (CRTCs). Subsequently, CRTCs, p-CREB and CREB-binding protein (CBP) in the nucleus cooperatively recruit the transcription machinery to initiate the transcription of MITF thus promoting pigmentation. Importantly, our study also demonstrates that VDAC1 oligomerization inhibitors increase pigmentation in zebrafish and in human skin explants, highlighting their potential as a therapeutic strategy for skin pigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213000, China; Department of Dermatology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Ximei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Xiaohong An
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Yunnan Yunke Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650106, China; Yunnan Botanee Bio-technology Group Co., Ltd., Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Duo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Kun Zou
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Rongyin Gao
- Department of Dermatology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Ruzhi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213000, China.
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12
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Cui X, Mi T, Zhang H, Gao P, Xiao X, Lee J, Guelakis M, Gu X. Glutathione amino acid precursors protect skin from UVB-induced damage and improve skin tone. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2024; 38 Suppl 3:12-20. [PMID: 38189671 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UV radiation exposure causes skin irritation, erythema, darkening and barrier disruption by inducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Glutathione, a master antioxidant, plays an important role in the antioxidant defence network of the skin. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the in vitro protective effects of the glutathione amino acid precursors blend (GAP) on transcriptomic and phenotypic endpoints against UVB-induced challenges. METHODS Normal human epidermal melanocytes (NHEMs) were exposed to GAP, ascorbic acid (AA) and its derivatives. Viability was assessed using the CCK8 method. Melakutis®, a pigmented living skin equivalent (pLSE) model, underwent repeated 50 mJ/cm2 UVB irradiation with or without GAP treatment. Images of the model were captured with consistent camera parameters, and the model's light intensity was measured using a spectrophotometer. Melanin content was determined by measuring absorbance at 405 nm. Confirmation of melanin deposition and distribution was achieved through Fontana-Masson staining. Transcriptomic analysis was conducted using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), and a machine learning approach was employed for transcriptomic aging clock analysis. RESULTS In NHEMs, all tested compounds exhibited over 85% viability compared to the vehicle control, indicating no heightened risk of cytotoxicity. Notably, GAP demonstrated greater efficacy in inhibiting melanin production than AA derivatives at equivalent concentrations. In pLSE models, GAP notably enhanced model lightness, and reduced melanin content and deposition following the UVB challenge, whereas AA showed minimal impact. GAP effectively counteracted UVB-induced alterations in gene expression linked to pigmentation, inflammation and aging. Moreover, recurrent UVB exposure substantially elevated the biological age of pLSE models, a phenomenon mitigated by GAP treatment. CONCLUSIONS In NHEMs, GAP exhibited enhanced effectiveness in inhibiting melanin production at identical tested doses in comparison to AA derivatives. Noteworthy protective effects of GAP against UVB irradiation were observed in the pLSE models, as evidenced by skin pigmentation measurements and transcriptomic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Cui
- Unilever R&D Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Ping Gao
- Unilever R&D Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Unilever R&D Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Lee
- Unilever R&D Trumbull, Trumbull, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Xuelan Gu
- Unilever R&D Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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Galache TR, Sena MM, Tassinary JAF, Pavani C. Photobiomodulation for melasma treatment: Integrative review and state of the art. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2024; 40:e12935. [PMID: 38018017 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) is a versatile technique for treating skin diseases. Melasma, a chronic hyperpigmentation condition, has recently been associated with vascular features and dermal photoaging and poses significant management challenges. We review the recent literature on melasma etiology and the evidence supporting PBM as a therapeutic modality for melasma treatment. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive literature search in three different databases from May to August 2023, focusing on studies published in the past 10 years. The inclusion criteria comprised full-text studies investigating low-power lasers and/or light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in in vitro or in vivo models, as well as clinical trials. We excluded studies discussing alternative melasma therapies or lacking experimental data. We identified additional studies by searching the reference lists of the selected articles. RESULTS We identified nine relevant studies. Clinical studies, in agreement with in vitro experiments and animal models, suggest that PBM effectively reduces melasma-associated hyperpigmentation. Specific wavelengths (red: 630 nm; amber: 585 and 590 nm; infrared: 830 and 850 nm) at radiant exposures between 1 and 20 J/cm2 exert modulatory effects on tyrosinase activity, gene expression, and protein synthesis of melanocytic pathway components, and thus significantly reduce the melanin content. Additionally, PBM is effective in improving the dermal structure and reducing erythema and neovascularization, features recently identified as pathological components of melasma. CONCLUSION PBM emerges as a promising, contemporary, and non-invasive procedure for treating melasma. Beyond its role in inhibiting melanogenesis, PBM shows potential in reducing erythema and vascularization and improving dermal conditions. However, robust and well-designed clinical trials are needed to determine optimal light parameters and to evaluate the effects of PBM on melasma thoroughly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Rodrigues Galache
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michelle Mota Sena
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Christiane Pavani
- Postgraduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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14
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Mota S, Rosa GP, Barreto MC, Garrido J, Sousa E, Cruz MT, Almeida IF, Quintas C. Comparative Studies on the Photoreactivity, Efficacy, and Safety of Depigmenting Agents. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 17:55. [PMID: 38256889 PMCID: PMC10820089 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Depigmenting products are increasingly used to counteract skin hyperpigmentation and related psychosocial issues. This study aimed to compare different depigmenting agents-4-butylresorcinol; bakuchiol; tranexamic acid; ascorbyl glucoside; α-arbutin; and ascorbic acid-for photoreactivity; tyrosinase inhibition; and safety. Photoreactivity was assessed using the Reactive Oxygen Species assay. In vitro tyrosinase inhibition was compared, and cell viability was assessed in B-16V melanocytes to evaluate safety. Results showed 4-butylresorcinol, ascorbyl glucoside, and α-arbutin are non-photoreactive, while for ascorbic acid and bakuchiol it was not possible to reach conclusive results due to the lack of specificity of the ROS assay. 4-Butylresorcinol, acting as a competitive inhibitor, displayed potent tyrosinase inhibition, followed by ascorbic acid and bakuchiol. Both 4-butylresorcinol and bakuchiol reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner. The insights obtained in this work support the development of depigmenting products by providing useful scientific guidance on the photostability, tyrosinase inhibitory efficacy, and skin safety of depigmenting agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mota
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Gonçalo P. Rosa
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-192 Aveiro, Portugal;
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE and Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Maria Carmo Barreto
- cE3c—Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, CHANGE and Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Azores, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Jorge Garrido
- CIQUP-IMS, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Emília Sousa
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- CIIMAR—Interdisciplinary Center of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Maria T. Cruz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal;
- CNC-UC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB—Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel F. Almeida
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Clara Quintas
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Drug Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacology, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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15
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Inoue D, Narita T, Ono T, Ishikawa K, Maeno K, Aoki H, Motoyama A, Shibata T. A mechanism of melanogenesis mediated by E-cadherin downregulation and its involvement in solar lentigines. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:775-790. [PMID: 37522429 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intensive studies have revealed that pleiotropic melanocytic factors are associated with age-spot formation. Dysfunctional keratinocyte differentiation is thought to be an upstream cause of age-spot formation. Although it has been shown that keratinocyte differentiation is mediated by the cell-cell contact factor E-cadherin, its involvement in age-spot formation remains unknown. Thus, to determine the origin of age-spots and an integrated solution for the same, we focused on E-cadherin expression in the present study. METHODS First, we assessed the solar lentigines in cutaneous and cultured cells by means of immunofluorescence staining. Following that, keratinocytes treated with siRNAs against E-cadherin were co-cultured with melanocytes, and the secreted factors were identified by means of proteomic analysis of the culture supernatants. We also performed quantitative PCR to assess melanogenesis activity and screen ingredients. For behavioural analysis of melanocytes, we performed time-lapse imaging using confocal laser scanning microscopy. RESULTS E-cadherin expression was downregulated in the epidermis of the solar lentigines, suggesting its involvement in age-spot formation. E-cadherin knocked down keratinocytes not only promoted the secretion of melanocytic/inflammatory factors but also increased melanogenesis by upregulating the expression of melanogenesis factors. Furthermore, live-imaging showed that the downregulation of E-cadherin inhibited melanocyte dynamics and accelerated melanin uptake. Finally, we identified Rosa multiflora fruit extract as a solution that can upregulate E-cadherin expression in keratinocytes. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that E-cadherin downregulation triggers various downstream melanocytic processes, such as the secretion of melanocytic factors and melanogenesis. Additionally, we showed that the Rosa multiflora fruit extract upregulated E-cadherin expression in keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Inoue
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomomi Narita
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ono
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishikawa
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Maeno
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Aoki
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akira Motoyama
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takako Shibata
- Shiseido Co. Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
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16
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Wang Y, Mao J, Fan Z, Hang Y, Tang A, Tian Y, Wang X, Hao Z, Han B, Ding J, Chang Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals core lncRNA-mRNA networks regulating melanization and biomineralization in Patinopecten yessoensis shell-infested by Polydora. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:723. [PMID: 38031026 PMCID: PMC10687851 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09837-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patinopecten yessoensis, a large and old molluscan group, has been one of the most important aquaculture shellfish in Asian countries because of its high economic value. However, the aquaculture of the species has recently been seriously affected by the frequent outbreaks of Polydora disease, causing great economic losses. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exhibit exhibit crucial effects on diverse biological processes, but still remain poorly studied in scallops, limiting our understanding of the molecular regulatory mechanism of P. yessoensis in response to Polydora infestation. RESULTS In this study, a high-throughput transcriptome analysis was conducted in the mantles of healthy and Polydora-infected P. yessoensis by RNA sequencing. A total of 19,133 lncRNAs with 2,203 known and 16,930 novel were identified. The genomic characterizations of lncRNAs showed shorter sequence and open reading frame (ORF) length, fewer number of exons and lower expression levels in comparison with mRNAs. There were separately 2280 and 1636 differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs (DEGs and DELs) detected in diseased individuals. The target genes of DELs were determined by both co-location and co-expression analyses. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs involved in melanization and biomineralization were significantly upregulated; further, obviously increased melanin granules were observed in epithelial cells of the edge mantle in diseased scallops by histological and TEM study, indicating the crucial role of melanizaiton and biomineralization in P. yessoensis to resist against Polydora infestation. Moreover, many key genes, such as Tyrs, Frizzled, Wnts, calmodulins, Pifs, perlucin, laccase, shell matrix protein, mucins and chitins, were targeted by DELs. Finally, a core lncRNA-mRNA interactive network involved in melanization and biomineralization was constructed and validated by qRT-PCR. CONCLUSIONS This work provides valuable resources for studies of lncRNAs in scallops, and adds a new insight into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of P. yessoensis defending against Polydora infestation, which will contribute to Polydora disease control and breeding of disease-resistant varieties in molluscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Junxia Mao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.
| | - Zhiyue Fan
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yunna Hang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - AnQi Tang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Xubo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhenlin Hao
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Bing Han
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.
| | - Jun Ding
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Yaqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
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17
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Muccioli S, Brillo V, Varanita T, Rossin F, Zaltron E, Velle A, Alessio G, Angi B, Severin F, Tosi A, D'Eletto M, Occhigrossi L, Falasca L, Checchetto V, Ciaccio R, Fascì A, Chieregato L, Rebelo AP, Giacomello M, Rosato A, Szabò I, Romualdi C, Piacentini M, Leanza L. Transglutaminase Type 2-MITF axis regulates phenotype switching in skin cutaneous melanoma. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:704. [PMID: 37898636 PMCID: PMC10613311 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is the deadliest form of skin cancer due to its high heterogeneity that drives tumor aggressiveness. Melanoma plasticity consists of two distinct phenotypic states that co-exist in the tumor niche, the proliferative and the invasive, respectively associated with a high and low expression of MITF, the master regulator of melanocyte lineage. However, despite efforts, melanoma research is still far from exhaustively dissecting this phenomenon. Here, we discovered a key function of Transglutaminase Type-2 (TG2) in regulating melanogenesis by modulating MITF transcription factor expression and its transcriptional activity. Importantly, we demonstrated that TG2 expression affects melanoma invasiveness, highlighting its positive value in SKCM. These results suggest that TG2 may have implications in the regulation of the phenotype switching by promoting melanoma differentiation and impairing its metastatic potential. Our findings offer potential perspectives to unravel melanoma vulnerabilities via tuning intra-tumor heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Muccioli
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL - IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Federica Rossin
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Velle
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Beatrice Angi
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Anna Tosi
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Manuela D'Eletto
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Occhigrossi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Falasca
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Amelia Fascì
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Antonio Rosato
- Immunology and Molecular Oncology Diagnostics, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DiSCOG), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Piacentini
- Department of Biology, University of Rome 'Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases IRCCS "Lazzaro Spallanzani", Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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Bouchard KV, Costin GE. Promoting New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for research on skin color changes in response to environmental stress factors: tobacco and air pollution. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1256399. [PMID: 37886123 PMCID: PMC10598764 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1256399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the most dynamic biological processes in the human body and is known to carry significant impacts on individuals' self-esteem. Skin pigmentation is a highly heritable trait made possible by complex, strictly controlled cellular and molecular mechanisms. Genetic, environmental and endocrine factors contribute to the modulation of melanin's amount, type and distribution in the skin layers. One of the hallmarks of extrinsic skin aging induced by environmental stress factors is the alteration of the constitutive pigmentation pattern clinically defined as senile lentigines and/or melasma or other pigmentary dyschromias. The complexity of pollutants and tobacco smoke as environmental stress factors warrants a thorough understanding of the mechanisms by which they impact skin pigmentation through repeated and long-term exposure. Pre-clinical and clinical studies demonstrated that pollutants are known to induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) or inflammatory events that lead directly or indirectly to skin hyperpigmentation. Another mechanistic direction is provided by Aryl hydrocarbon Receptors (AhR) which were shown to mediate processes leading to skin hyperpigmentation in response to pollutants by regulation of melanogenic enzymes and transcription factors involved in melanin biosynthesis pathway. In this context, we will discuss a diverse range of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) capable to provide mechanistic insights of the cellular and molecular pathways involved in the action of environmental stress factors on skin pigmentation and to support the design of raw ingredients and formulations intended to counter their impact and of any subsequently needed clinical studies.
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Möller JKS, Linowiecka K, Gagat M, Brożyna AA, Foksiński M, Wolnicka-Glubisz A, Pyza E, Reiter RJ, Tulic MK, Slominski AT, Steinbrink K, Kleszczyński K. Melanogenesis Is Directly Affected by Metabolites of Melatonin in Human Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14947. [PMID: 37834395 PMCID: PMC10573520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, MEL), its kynurenic (N1-acetyl-N2-formyl-5-methoxykynurenine, AFMK) and indolic derivatives (6-hydroxymelatonin, 6(OH)MEL and 5-methoxytryptamine, 5-MT) are endogenously produced in human epidermis. Melatonin, produced by the pineal gland, brain and peripheral organs, displays a diversity of physiological functions including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor capacities. Herein, we assessed their regulatory effect on melanogenesis using amelanotic (A375, Sk-Mel-28) and highly pigmented (MNT-1, melanotic) human melanoma cell lines. We discovered that subjected compounds decrease the downstream pathway of melanin synthesis by causing a significant drop of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) level, the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and resultant collapse of tyrosinase (TYR) activity, and melanin content comparatively to N-phenylthiourea (PTU, a positive control). We observed a reduction in pigment in melanosomes visualized by the transmission electron microscopy. Finally, we assessed the role of G-protein-coupled seven-transmembrane-domain receptors. Obtained results revealed that nonselective MT1 and MT2 receptor antagonist (luzindole) or selective MT2 receptor antagonist (4-P-PDOT) did not affect dysregulation of the melanin pathway indicating a receptor-independent mechanism. Our findings, together with the current state of the art, provide a convenient experimental model to study the complex relationship between metabolites of melatonin and the control of pigmentation serving as a future and rationale strategy for targeted therapies of melanoma-affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack K. S. Möller
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany; (J.K.S.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Kinga Linowiecka
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (K.L.); (A.A.B.)
- Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Maciej Gagat
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Anna A. Brożyna
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Lwowska 1, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (K.L.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Marek Foksiński
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Wolnicka-Glubisz
- Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Elżbieta Pyza
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Russel J. Reiter
- Department of Cell Systems and Anatomy, UT Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Meri K. Tulic
- Team 12, INSERM U1065, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire (C3M), Université Côte d’Azur, 06200 Nice, France;
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kerstin Steinbrink
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany; (J.K.S.M.); (K.S.)
| | - Konrad Kleszczyński
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von-Esmarch-Str. 58, 48149 Münster, Germany; (J.K.S.M.); (K.S.)
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Wu J, Zhang F, Yu H, Qi S, Wu Y, Xiao W. Anti-Melanogenic and Antioxidant Activity of Bifidobacterium longum Strain ZJ1 Extracts, Isolated from a Chinese Centenarian. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12810. [PMID: 37628988 PMCID: PMC10454566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanin produced by melanocytes protects our skin against ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced cell damage and oxidative stress. Melanin overproduction by hyperactivated melanocytes is the direct cause of skin hyperpigmentary disorders, such as freckles and melasma. Exploring natural whitening agents without the concern of toxicity has been highly desired. In this study, we focused on a Bifidobacterium longum strain, ZJ1, isolated from a Chinese centenarian, and we evaluated the anti-melanogenic activity of the distinctive extracts of ZJ1. Our results demonstrated that whole lysate (WL) and bacterial lysate (BL) of ZJ1 ferments efficiently reduce α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanin production in B16-F10 cells as well as the melanin content in zebrafish embryos. BL and WL downregulate melanogenesis-related gene expression and indirectly inhibit intracellular tyrosinase activity. Furthermore, they both showed antioxidant activity in a menadione-induced zebrafish embryo model. Our results suggest that ZJ1 fermentation lysates have application potential as therapeutic reagents for hyperpigmentary disorders and whitening agents for cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Biotechnology Drugs Anhui, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230094, China
| | - Funa Zhang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Biotechnology Drugs Anhui, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230094, China
| | - Haixia Yu
- Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230094, China
| | - Shimei Qi
- Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230094, China
| | - Yu Wu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Biotechnology Drugs Anhui, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230094, China
| | - Weihua Xiao
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, Institute of Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Biotechnology Drugs Anhui, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Institute of Advanced Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230094, China
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Kalasariya HS, Pereira L, Patel NB. Comprehensive Phytochemical Analysis and Bioactivity Evaluation of Padina boergesenii: Unveiling Its Prospects as a Promising Cosmetic Component. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:385. [PMID: 37504916 PMCID: PMC10381904 DOI: 10.3390/md21070385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine macroalgae, such as Padina boergesenii, are gaining recognition in the cosmetics industry as valuable sources of natural bioactive compounds. This study aimed to investigate the biochemical profile of P. boergesenii and evaluate its potential as a cosmetic ingredient. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), and high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quadrupole time-of-flight (HRLCMS QTOF) analyses were employed to assess the functional groups, phycocompounds, and beneficial compounds present in P. boergesenii. Pigment estimation, total phenol and protein content determination, DPPH antioxidant analysis, and tyrosinase inhibition assay were conducted to evaluate the extracts' ability to counteract oxidative stress and address hyperpigmentation concerns. Elemental composition and amino acid quantification were determined using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and HRLCMS, respectively. FTIR spectroscopy confirmed diverse functional groups, including halo compounds, alcohols, esters, amines, and acids. GCMS analysis identified moisturizing, conditioning, and anti-aging compounds such as long-chain fatty alcohols, fatty esters, fatty acids, and hydrocarbon derivatives. HRLCMS QTOF analysis revealed phenolic compounds, fatty acid derivatives, peptides, terpenoids, and amino acids with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and skin-nourishing properties. Elemental analysis indicated varying concentrations of elements, with silicon (Si) being the most abundant and copper (Cu) being the least abundant. The total phenol content was 86.50 µg/mL, suggesting the presence of antioxidants. The total protein content was 113.72 µg/mL, indicating nourishing and rejuvenating effects. The ethanolic extract exhibited an IC50 value of 36.75 μg/mL in the DPPH assay, indicating significant antioxidant activity. The methanolic extract showed an IC50 value of 42.784 μg/mL. Furthermore, P. boergesenii extracts demonstrated 62.14% inhibition of tyrosinase activity. This comprehensive analysis underscores the potential of P. boergesenii as an effective cosmetic ingredient for enhancing skin health. Given the increasing use of seaweed-based bioactive components in cosmetics, further exploration of P. boergesenii's potential in the cosmetics industry is warranted to leverage its valuable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haresh S. Kalasariya
- Centre for Natural Products Discovery, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK;
| | - Leonel Pereira
- MARE–Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET–Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nikunj B. Patel
- Microbiology Department, Sankalchand Patel University, Visnagar 384315, Gujarat, India;
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Roy T, Boateng ST, Uddin MB, Banang-Mbeumi S, Yadav RK, Bock CR, Folahan JT, Siwe-Noundou X, Walker AL, King JA, Buerger C, Huang S, Chamcheu JC. The PI3K-Akt-mTOR and Associated Signaling Pathways as Molecular Drivers of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Update on Therapeutic Strategy Using Natural and Synthetic Compounds. Cells 2023; 12:1671. [PMID: 37371141 PMCID: PMC10297376 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been implicated in various immune-mediated inflammatory and hyperproliferative dermatoses such as acne, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, psoriasis, wounds, and vitiligo, and is associated with poor treatment outcomes. Improved comprehension of the consequences of the dysregulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in patients with inflammatory dermatoses has resulted in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Nonetheless, more studies are necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and to create more effective preventive and treatment methods for a wide range of inflammatory skin diseases. Several studies have revealed that certain natural products and synthetic compounds can obstruct the expression/activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, underscoring their potential in managing common and persistent skin inflammatory disorders. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of the activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and associated components in immune-mediated inflammatory dermatoses and discusses the potential of bioactive natural products, synthetic scaffolds, and biologic agents in their prevention and treatment. However, further research is necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and develop more effective therapies for inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Mohammad B. Uddin
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Division for Research and Innovation, POHOFI Inc., Madison, WI 53744, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Rajesh K. Yadav
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Chelsea R. Bock
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Joy T. Folahan
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Xavier Siwe-Noundou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Anthony L. Walker
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Judy A. King
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
- College of Medicine, Belmont University, 900 Belmont Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Claudia Buerger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinic of the Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA;
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
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Chen X, Dong S, Liu X, Ding N, Xing X. Phenotype of White Sika Deer Due to SCF Gene Structural Variation. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14051035. [PMID: 37239395 DOI: 10.3390/genes14051035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Breeding ornamental white sika deer is a new notion that can be used to broaden the sika deer industry However, it is very rare for other coat phenotypes to occur, especially white (apart from albinism), due to the genetic stability and homogeneity of its coat color phenotype, making it difficult to breed white sika deer between species. We found a white sika deer and sequenced its whole genome. Then, the clean data obtained were analyzed on the basis of gene frequency, and a cluster of coat color candidate genes containing 92 coat color genes, one SV (structure variation), and five nonsynonymous SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) was located. We also discovered a lack of melanocytes in the skin tissue of the white sika deer through histological examination, initially proving that the white phenotype of sika deer is caused by a 10.099 kb fragment deletion of the SCF gene(stem cell factor). By designing SCF-specific primers to detect genotypes of family members of the white sika deer, and then combining them with their phenotypes, we found that the genotype of the white sika deer is SCF789/SCF789, whereas that of individuals with white patches on their faces is SCF789/SCF1-9. All these results showed that the SCF gene plays an important role in the development of melanocytes in sika deer and is responsible for the appearance of the white coat color. This study reveals the genetic mechanism of the white coat color in sika deer and supplies data as a reference for breeding white ornamental sika deer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 130112, China
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shiwu Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Xin Liu
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Ning Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 130112, China
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiumei Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Changchun 130112, China
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Hamblin MR. Photobiomodulation for Skin Pigmentation Disorders: A Dual-Function Treatment. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2023; 41:199-200. [PMID: 37159405 PMCID: PMC10171961 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg—Doornfontein Campus, Doornfontein, South Africa
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Dimethyl Itaconate Inhibits Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030692. [PMID: 36978940 PMCID: PMC10045371 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Itaconate is a metabolite produced to counteract and resolve pro-inflammatory responses when macrophages are challenged with intracellular or extracellular stimuli. In the present study, we have observed that dimethyl itaconate (DMI) inhibits melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. DMI inhibits microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and downregulates the expression of MITF target genes, such as tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TRP-2). DMI also decreases the level of melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) and the production of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), resulting in the inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and MITF activities. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) study illustrates that the α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moiety in DMI, a moiety required to target KELCH-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) to activate NF-E2-related factor 2 (NRF2), is necessary to inhibit melanogenesis and knocking down Nrf2 attenuates the inhibition of melanogenesis by DMI. Together, our study reveals that the MC1R-ERK1/2-MITF axis regulated by the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway is the molecular target responsible for the inhibition of melanogenesis by DMI.
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Li A, He H, Chen Y, Liao F, Tang J, Li L, Fan Y, Li L, Xiong L. Effects of donkey milk on UVB-induced skin barrier damage and melanin pigmentation: A network pharmacology and experimental validation study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1121498. [PMID: 36969816 PMCID: PMC10033878 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1121498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
IntroductionDairy products have long been regarded as a controversial nutrient for the skin. However, a clear demonstration of donkey milk (DM) on skincare is required.MethodsIn this study, spectrum and chemical component analyses were applied to DM. Then, the effects of DM on UVB-induced skin barrier damage and melanin pigmentation were first evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Cell survival, animal models, and expression of filaggrin (FLG) were determined to confirm the effect of DM on UVB-induced skin barrier damage. Melanogenesis and tyrosinase (TYR) activity were assessed after UVB irradiation to clarify the effect of DM on whitening activities. Further, a network pharmacology method was applied to study the interaction between DM ingredients and UVB-induced skin injury. Meanwhile, an analysis of the melanogenesis molecular target network was developed and validated to predict the melanogenesis regulators in DM.ResultsDM was rich in cholesterols, fatty acids, vitamins and amino acids. The results of evaluation of whitening activities in vitro and in vivo indicated that DM had a potent inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis. The results of effects of DM on UVB‑induced skin barrier damage indicated that DM inhibited UVB-induced injury and restored skin barrier function via up-regulation expression of FLG (filaggrin). The pharmacological network of DM showed that DM regulated steroid biosynthesis and fatty acid metabolism in keratinocytes and 64 melanin targets which the main contributing role of DM might target melanogenesis, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) pathway.DiscussionThese results highlight the potential use of DM as a promising agent for whitening and anti-photoaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Li
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hailun He
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanjing Chen
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Liao
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co. Ltd., Shandong, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- Laboratory of Pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yumei Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Gelatin-based Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dong-E-E-Jiao Co. Ltd., Shandong, China
| | - Li Li
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Li Li,
| | - Lidan Xiong
- Cosmetics Safety and Efficacy Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Human Evaluation and Big Data of Cosmetics, Chengdu, China
- Lidan Xiong,
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Boonpisuttinant K, Srisuttee R, Yen Khong H, Chutoprapat R, Ruksiriwanich W, Udompong S, Chompoo W, Boonbai R, Rakkaew R, Sangsee J, Sriprasert K, Malilas W. In vitro anti-ageing activities of ethanolic extracts from Pink rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum Linn.) for skin applications. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:535-546. [PMID: 37063444 PMCID: PMC10102410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin ageing is characterized by features such as wrinkles, loss of elasticity, laxity, rough-textured appearance, melasma and freckles. Several researches have focused for preventing, and treating skin ageing by many natural ingredients. This study aimed to assess the anti-ageing activities for anti-skin ageing of the ethanolic extracts of Pink rambutan (PR) (Nephelium lappaceum Linn.) from leaves (L), branches (B), seeds (S), and peels from ripe (R) and young (Y) fruits. The extraction yields of all Pink Rambutan (PR) extracted by the Maceration (M) and the Soxhlet extraction (Sox) using 95% ethanol as a solvent, ranged from 10.62% to 30.63%. Flavonoids were found as the main phytochemicals in almost all the PR extracts. The PR-Y-M and PR-Y-Sox extracts gave the highest total phenolic contents by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay of 67.60 ± 4.38 mgGAE/g, and total flavonoid contents by the modified aluminum chloride colorimetric assay of 678.72 ± 23.59 mgQE/g, respectively. The PR-L-M extracts showed the highest three anti-oxidative activities; the free radical scavenging (SC50 of 0.320 ± 0.070 mg/mL), the lipid peroxidation inhibition (LC50 of 0.274 ± 0.029 mg/mL), and the metal chelation activity (MC50 of 0.203 ± 0.021 mg/mL). All the PR extracts at 0.01 and 0.1 mg/mL showed no cytotoxicity on B16F10 cells, and human skin fibroblasts, respectively. Likewise, the PR-R-Sox extract exhibited the highest anti-melanogenesis on B16F10 cells (52.7 ± 0.9%) and, the mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activity (IC50 of 0.04 ± 0.02 mg/mL), which was significantly comparable to kojic acid (p < 0.05). The PR-Y-Sox extract showed the collagen biosynthesis by the Sirius Red method, and the stimulation of anti-ageing genes (Sirt1 and Foxo1) on human skin fibroblasts by the RT-PCR method, which were similar to standards ʟ-ascorbic acid and resveratrol, respectively. This study suggests that the PR-R-Sox and PR-Y-Sox extracts can be further developed as natural anti-ageing agents for whitening and anti-wrinkle in the cosmetics, cosmeceutical, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Korawinwich Boonpisuttinant
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Ratakorn Srisuttee
- Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
| | - Heng Yen Khong
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sarawak Branch, 94300 Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Romchat Chutoprapat
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Sarinporn Udompong
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Wirinda Chompoo
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Rattiya Boonbai
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Rattikarl Rakkaew
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Jinapa Sangsee
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Ketsani Sriprasert
- Innovative Natural Products from Thai Wisdom Research Unit, Faculty of Integrative Medicine, Rajamangala University of Technology, Thanyaburi, Pathumthani 12130, Thailand
| | - Waraporn Malilas
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Corresponding author at: Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
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Cohen C, Flouret V, Herlyn M, Fukunaga-Kalabis M, Li L, Bernerd F. Induced pluripotent stem cells reprogramming overcomes technical limitations for highly pigmented adult melanocyte amplification and integration in 3D skin model. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2023; 36:232-245. [PMID: 36478412 PMCID: PMC10731472 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.13077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Understanding pigmentation regulations taking into account the original skin color type is important to address pigmentary disorders. Biological models including adult melanocytes from different phenotypes allow to perform fine-tuned explorative studies and support discovery of treatments adapted to populations' skin color. However, technical challenges arise when trying to not only isolate but also amplify melanocytes from highly pigmented adult skin. To bypass the initial isolation and growth of cutaneous melanocytes, we harvested and expanded fibroblasts from light and dark skin donors and reprogrammed them into iPSC, which were then differentiated into melanocytes. The resulting melanocyte populations displayed high purity, genomic stability, and strong proliferative capacity, the latter being a critical parameter for dark skin cells. The iPSC-derived melanocyte strains expressed lineage-specific markers and could be successfully integrated into reconstructed skin equivalent models, revealing pigmentation status according to the native phenotype. In both monolayer cultures and 3D skin models, the induced melanocytes demonstrated responsiveness to promelanogenic stimuli. The data demonstrate that the iPSC-derived melanocytes with high proliferative capacity maintain their pigmentation genotype and phenotypic properties up to a proper integration into 3D skin equivalents, even for highly pigmented cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ling Li
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Liu W, Chen Q, Xia Y. New Mechanistic Insights of Melasma. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:429-442. [PMID: 36817641 PMCID: PMC9936885 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s396272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Melasma is a common acquired disorder of pigmentation that negatively impacts quality of life. Present treatments show poor therapeutic effect with frequent recurrence. This in large part is due to the currently limited understanding of the disease's etiology. It is urgent to elucidate the pathogenesis of melasma to further the discovery of new therapeutic strategies. Recent studies show that melasma is triggered or aggravated by a variety of factors, including genetic susceptibility, ultraviolet radiation, and sex hormone dysregulation. Ultraviolet B radiation upregulates the expression of several melanocyte-specific genes and stimulates the release of key factors that participate in the synthesis of melanin. There is a significant increase in melanin in both the epidermal and dermal layers of affected skin, possibly due to abnormalities in crosstalk between the melanocytes and other cells. Melanogenesis is regulated through various signaling networks including the Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, cAMP/PKA, and SCF/c-kit-mediated signaling pathways. In addition, inflammatory mediators, oxidative stress, neuroactive molecules, sebocytes, etc, have also been proved to be related to the pathogenesis of melasma. This review provides a comprehensive update on the current understanding of the pathogenesis of melasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Yumin Xia, Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi’an, 710004, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 29 87679969, Fax +86 29 87678425, Email
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Fernandes B, Cavaco-Paulo A, Matamá T. A Comprehensive Review of Mammalian Pigmentation: Paving the Way for Innovative Hair Colour-Changing Cosmetics. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020290. [PMID: 36829566 PMCID: PMC9953601 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
The natural colour of hair shafts is formed at the bulb of hair follicles, and it is coupled to the hair growth cycle. Three critical processes must happen for efficient pigmentation: (1) melanosome biogenesis in neural crest-derived melanocytes, (2) the biochemical synthesis of melanins (melanogenesis) inside melanosomes, and (3) the transfer of melanin granules to surrounding pre-cortical keratinocytes for their incorporation into nascent hair fibres. All these steps are under complex genetic control. The array of natural hair colour shades are ascribed to polymorphisms in several pigmentary genes. A myriad of factors acting via autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms also contributes for hair colour diversity. Given the enormous social and cosmetic importance attributed to hair colour, hair dyeing is today a common practice. Nonetheless, the adverse effects of the long-term usage of such cosmetic procedures demand the development of new methods for colour change. In this context, case reports of hair lightening, darkening and repigmentation as a side-effect of the therapeutic usage of many drugs substantiate the possibility to tune hair colour by interfering with the biology of follicular pigmentary units. By scrutinizing mammalian pigmentation, this review pinpoints key targetable processes for the development of innovative cosmetics that can safely change the hair colour from the inside out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Fernandes
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.C.-P.); (T.M.); Tel.: +351-253-604-409 (A.C.-P.); +351-253-601-599 (T.M.)
| | - Teresa Matamá
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.C.-P.); (T.M.); Tel.: +351-253-604-409 (A.C.-P.); +351-253-601-599 (T.M.)
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Kikuchi K, Yamashita T, Shibata T. Influence of environmental factors on facial pigmented spots: Epidemiological survey of women living in the northern and southern regions of Japan. PHOTODERMATOLOGY, PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2023. [PMID: 36734674 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several epidemiological studies have been conducted to understand the relationship between environmental factors (including chronic sun exposure) and clinical signs of pigmented spots. However, no quantitative analysis has focused on the adverse effects of the detailed features of pigmented spots, including their color intensity, size, and number on the cheek. This study was performed to elucidate the adverse effects of environmental factors on clinical signs of pigmented spots. METHODS We conducted an epidemiological survey of 102 Japanese women in 2 regions of high and low sun exposure (southern and northern regions, respectively). Using image analysis of high-resolution digital facial photographs, individual pigmented spots were quantified according to color, size, and total number on the cheek. Each indicator was then compared between the groups. RESULTS For the number of pigmented spots on the cheek, the age-related increase curve showed a large slope in the southern group. For the size of pigmented spots, no significant difference was found between the two groups, and large pigmented spots were observed on the cheek even in the northern group. For the color intensity of the spots, the southern group showed a marked age-related change; among older subjects, the pigmented spots were significantly darker in the southern than northern group. CONCLUSION Our results may indicate that environmental factors, including chronic exposure to sunlight, mainly increase the number of pigmented spots and darkening of these spots. However, the occurrence of large pigmented spots may be related to intrinsic factors represented by heredity rather than environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Kikuchi
- Shiseido Co., Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | | | - Takako Shibata
- Shiseido Co., Ltd., MIRAI Technology Institute, Yokohama, Japan
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32
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Wu W, Wang Y, Liu Y, Guo H, Li Z, Zou W, Liu J, Song Z. TRPA1 promotes UVB-induced skin pigmentation by regulating melanosome luminal pH. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:165-176. [PMID: 36302111 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Melanocytes stimulated by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) produce melanin and melanosomes, which causes skin pigmentation and acts as an important physiological defence process for photoprotection. Neutral luminal pH of melanosomes is critical for providing optimal conditions for the rate-limiting, pH-sensitive melanin synthesizing enzyme tyrosinase (TYR). As a major component of extraocular phototransduction pathway, transient receptor potential ankyrin1 (TRPA1) can be activated by ultraviolet B (UVB) and reported to be expressed in melanocytes. However, whether TRPA1 is involved in the regulation of melanogenesis remains unclear. Melanogenic activity of TRPA1 was evaluated in primary normal human epidermal melanocytes (HEMs) and murine B16-F10 cell cultures, and the effects of topical applications of TRPA1 specific agonist and antagonist on UVB-induced skin pigmentation were confirmed on in vivo guinea pig models. Calcium (Ca2+ ) imaging and pH imaging were performed to analyse the effects of TRPA1 on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]ic ) and melanosome luminal pH. TRPA1 regulated melanin synthesis, UVB-induced Ca2+ influx and melanosome luminal pH in HEMs and B16-F10 cells. Topical treatment of TRPA1 specific agonist JT010 increased UVB-induced skin pigmentation in guinea pigs, while topical using of TRPA1 selective antagonist HC-030031 mitigated such pigmentation. Our results indicated that TRPA1 activated by UVB enhanced the skin pigmentation, most likely by regulating the [Ca2+ ]ic and the melanosomal pH, consequently influencing the enzymatic activity of TYR. Therefore, the results suggest TRPA1 as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of skin pigmented disorders that are at high risk under UVB irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Handan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhou Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wei Zou
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhiqi Song
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Niki Y, Adachi N, Fukata M, Fukata Y, Oku S, Makino-Okamura C, Takeuchi S, Wakamatsu K, Ito S, Declercq L, Yarosh DB, Mammone T, Nishigori C, Saito N, Ueyama T. S-Palmitoylation of Tyrosinase at Cysteine 500 Regulates Melanogenesis. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:317-327.e6. [PMID: 36063887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Palmitoylation is a lipid modification involving the attachment of palmitic acid to a cysteine residue, thereby affecting protein function. We investigated the effect of palmitoylation of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melanin synthesis, using a human three-dimensional skin model system and melanocyte culture. The palmitoylation inhibitor, 2-bromopalmitate, increased melanin content and tyrosinase protein levels in melanogenic cells by suppressing tyrosinase degradation. The palmitoylation site was Cysteine500 in the C-terminal cytoplasmic tail of tyrosinase. The nonpalmitoylatable mutant, tyrosinase (C500A), was slowly degraded and less ubiquitinated than wild-type tyrosinase. Screening for the Asp-His-His-Cys (DHHC) family of proteins for tyrosinase palmitoylation suggested that DHHC2, 3, 7, and 15 are involved in tyrosinase palmitoylation. Knockdown of DHHC2, 3, or 15 increased tyrosinase protein levels and melanin content. Determination of their subcellular localization in primary melanocytes revealed that DHHC2, 3, and 15 were localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and/or melanosomes, whereas only DHHC2 was localized in the melanosomes. Immunoprecipitation showed that DHHC2 and DHHC3 predominantly bind to mature and immature tyrosinase, respectively. Taken together, tyrosinase palmitoylation at Cysteine500 by DHHC2, 3, and/or 15, especially DHHC2 in trans-Golgi apparatus and melanosomes and DHHC3 in the endoplasmic reticulum and cis-Golgi apparatus, regulate melanogenesis by modulating tyrosinase protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Niki
- Kobe Skin Research Department, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Naoko Adachi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Masaki Fukata
- Division of Membrane Physiology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuko Fukata
- Division of Membrane Physiology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Oku
- Division of Membrane Physiology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Aichi, Japan
| | - Chieko Makino-Okamura
- Kobe Skin Research Department, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Seiji Takeuchi
- Kobe Skin Research Department, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan; Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Lieve Declercq
- Research & Development, Estee Lauder Companies, Melville, New York, USA
| | - Daniel B Yarosh
- Research & Development, Estee Lauder Companies, Melville, New York, USA
| | - Tomas Mammone
- Research & Development, Estee Lauder Companies, Melville, New York, USA
| | - Chikako Nishigori
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal Related, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Naoaki Saito
- Kobe Skin Research Department, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takehiko Ueyama
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
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Alfredo MG, Maribel PM, Eloy PR, Susana GE, Luis LGS, Carmen GM. Depigmenting topical therapy based on a synergistic combination of compounds targeting the key pathways involved in melasma pathophysiology. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:611-619. [PMID: 36682042 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Melasma has a complex pathophysiology with different cell types and signalling pathways involved. Paracrine factors secreted by keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells act on melanocytes and stimulate melanogenesis. These paracrine factors are involved in the oxidative stress, inflammatory, vascular and hormonal pathways, among others. Damage of the dermoepidermal barrier also occurs and facilitates melanin deposition in the dermis, also known as dermal or mixed melasma. We used artificial intelligence tools to define the best combination of compounds for skin pigmentation inhibition. Mathematical models suggested the combination of retinol, diosmin and ferulic acid to be the most effective one. In vitro cellular tyrosinase activity assay proved that this combination had a synergistic depigmenting effect. Further assays proved that the combination could inhibit key pathways involved in melasma by downregulating ET-1 and COX-2 gene expression and IBMX-induced dendricity in human melanocytes, and upregulated the gene expression of IL-1b, TIMP3 and several endogenous antioxidant enzymes. The combination also reduced melanin levels in a phototype VI 3D epidermis model. These results indicate that the combination of retinol, diosmin and ferulic acid is an effective synergistic complex for the treatment of melasma by regulating the key molecular pathways involved in skin hyperpigmentation pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luis G S Luis
- Medical Unit, Mesoestetic Pharma Group, Barcelona, Spain
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Hassan M, Shahzadi S, Kloczkowski A. Tyrosinase Inhibitors Naturally Present in Plants and Synthetic Modifications of These Natural Products as Anti-Melanogenic Agents: A Review. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28010378. [PMID: 36615571 PMCID: PMC9822343 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase is a key enzyme target to design new chemical ligands against melanogenesis. In the current review, different chemical derivatives are explored which have been used as anti-melanogenic compounds. These are different chemical compounds naturally present in plants and semi-synthetic and synthetic compounds inspired by these natural products, such as kojic acid produced by several species of fungi; arbutin-a glycosylated hydroquinone extracted from the bearberry plant; vanillin-a phenolic aldehyde extracted from the vanilla bean, etc. After enzyme inhibition screening, various chemical compounds showed different therapeutic effects as tyrosinase inhibitors with different values of the inhibition constant and IC50. We show how appropriately designed scaffolds inspired by the structures of natural compounds are used to develop novel synthetic inhibitors. We review the results of numerous studies, which could lead to the development of effective anti-tyrosinase agents with increased efficiency and safety in the near future, with many applications in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubashir Hassan
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Correspondence: or (M.H.); (A.K.)
| | - Saba Shahzadi
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Andrzej Kloczkowski
- The Steve and Cindy Rasmussen Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
- Correspondence: or (M.H.); (A.K.)
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36
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Zhong C, Liang G, Li P, Shi K, Li F, Zhou J, Xu D. Inflammatory response: The target for treating hyperpigmentation during the repair of a burn wound. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1009137. [PMID: 36817442 PMCID: PMC9929571 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1009137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpigmentation is a common complication in patients with burn injuries during wound healing; however, the mechanisms underlying its occurrence and development remain unclear. Recently, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) was found to result from overproduction of melanin. Local or systemic inflammatory responses are often observed in patients who develop hyperpigmentation. However, we lack studies on the relationship between PIH and burn injury. Therefore, we comprehensively reviewed the existing literature on the melanogenesis of the skin, inflammatory mechanisms in pigmentation, and local or systemic alteration in inflammatory cytokines in patients suffering from burn trauma to elucidate the relationship between PIH and burn injury. We believe that this review will guide further research on regulating melanin production in the burn management process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Geao Liang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peiting Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ke Shi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fuyin Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Turner J, O'Loughlin DA, Green P, McDonald TO, Hamill KJ. In search of the perfect tan: Chemical activity, biological effects, business considerations, and consumer implications of dihydroxyacetone sunless tanning products. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:79-88. [PMID: 35384270 PMCID: PMC10083914 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
As the desire and popularity of a tanned appearance continues, the social effects of UV-free tanning are becoming more important. Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) has seen extensive use as the main tanning agent in sunless tanners. The DHA-induced tan is a result of brown melanoidins formed by a non-enzymatic Maillard reaction between DHA and amino acid species found in the stratum corneum. DHA, thereby, provides a safer route to a tanned appearance compared with exposure to ultraviolet radiation. However, DHA is a highly reactive molecule, posing a multitude of challenges for potential product formulations. With their increased use, the safety considerations of topically applied DHA tanners have been investigated. Many different vehicles have been used for topical delivery of DHA, and they are becoming increasingly multifunctional. This review provides a holistic overview of dihydroxyacetone sunless tanning products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Turner
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Danielle A O'Loughlin
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Tom O McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kevin J Hamill
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Kim JY, Lee EJ, Bae YJ, Park S, Kim SH, Lee J, Kwon IJ, Seong SH, Lee J, Kim TG, Oh SH. The involvement of gremlin-1 in external stress-induced melanogenesis. J Dermatol Sci 2022; 109:47-50. [PMID: 36642580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu Jeong Bae
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sujin Park
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Hee Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joohee Lee
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il Joo Kwon
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seol Hwa Seong
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinu Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Tae-Gyun Kim
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sang Ho Oh
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Severance Hospital,Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Lee SY, Choi YJ, Son SR, Yoon YS, Lee SH, Lee KT, Lee S, Jang DS. Potentilloside A, a New Flavonol- bis-Glucuronide from the Leaves of Potentilla chinensis, Inhibits TNF-α-Induced ROS Generation and MMP-1 Secretion. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11233318. [PMID: 36501357 PMCID: PMC9738723 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The major contributor to skin aging is UV radiation, which activates pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α. TNF-α is involved in the acceleration of skin aging via ROS generation and MMP-1 secretion. In our preliminary study, a 30% EtOH extract from the leaves of Potentilla chinensis (LPCE) significantly inhibited TNF-α-induced ROS generation in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the active components in LPCE. A new flavonol-bis-glucuronide (potentilloside A, 1) and 14 known compounds (2-15) were isolated from an LPCE by repeated chromatography. The chemical structure of the new compound 1 was determined by analyzing its spectroscopic data (NMR and HRMS) and by acidic hydrolysis. Nine flavonols (2-9 and 11) and two flavone glycosides (12 and 13) from P. chinensis were reported for the first time in this study. Next, we evaluated the effects of the isolates (1-15) on TNF-α-induced ROS generation in HDFs. As a result, all compounds significantly inhibited ROS generation. Furthermore, LPCE and potentilloside A (1) remarkably suppressed MMP-1 secretion in HDFs stimulated by TNF-α. The data suggested that LPCE and potentilloside A (1) are worthy of further experiments for their potential as anti-skin aging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yea Jung Choi
- College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Ri Son
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seo Yoon
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Lee
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Sullim Lee
- Department of Life Science, College of Bio-Nano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Gurao A, Vasisth R, Singh R, Dige MS, Vohra V, Mukesh M, Kumar S, Kataria RS. Identification of differential methylome signatures of white pigmented skin patches in Nili Ravi buffalo of India. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2022; 63:408-417. [PMID: 36239068 DOI: 10.1002/em.22511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The DNA methylation events mark a major epigenetic change in the genome, reflecting non-genetic disease developments and varied phenotypes. The water buffalo is a dairy production animal with wide agro-climatic distribution in India. Breed-wise the coat color of water buffalo varies from ash-gray to jet black. A typical pigmentation pattern is found in one of the breeds of North India, Nili Ravi, with variedly distributed white patches. The DNA methylation pattern could potentially reveal the epigenetic factors responsible for the pigmentation patterns. To address this question, the DNA isolated from the skin tissues of Nili Ravi with varied white pigmentation and black Murrah buffaloes was subjected to reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. DNA methylation analysis revealed, 68.44%, 63.39%, and 47.94% of the promoter regions were hypermethylated in Nili Ravi over-white versus Murrah, Nili Ravi under-white versus Murrah, and Nili Ravi under-white versus Nili Ravi over-white, respectively. Major genes identified to be differentially methylated among over-white and under-white skin tissues in Nili Ravi included TBX2, SNAI2, HERC2, and CITED1. Overall the results have indicated differential methylation patterns to be potentially involved in hyper or hypopigmentation in Nili Ravi and Murrah buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Gurao
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Rashi Vasisth
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Ravinder Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Mahesh S Dige
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Vikas Vohra
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Manishi Mukesh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar, Haryana, India
| | - Ranjit S Kataria
- ICAR-National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Gorai S, Ahmad S, Raza SSM, Khan HD, Raza MA, Etaee F, Cockerell CJ, Apalla Z, Goldust M. Update of pathophysiology and treatment options of seborrheic keratosis. Dermatol Ther 2022; 35:e15934. [PMID: 36226729 DOI: 10.1111/dth.15934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a common, benign tumor that can occur on everybody site and can be conservatively managed. Cosmetic concerns, especially when a lesion involves the facial area, are the most common reason for excision. SK shows male gender preponderance and increasing age is an independent association with the condition. Even though more prevalent in the elderly, it has also been reported in younger age groups like adolescents and young adults. Precise pathogenesis is still obscure, but ultra-violet exposure represents a predisposing factor to SK by altering the biochemical concentration and expression of factors like Glutamine deaminases, endothelin, and stem cell factor. Moreover, the accumulation of amyloid-associated protein has also been postulated. Involvement of genitalia has been associated with human papillomavirus infection. Recently, Merkel cell polyomavirus nucleic acid was also detected in SK. Several oncogenic mutations involving FGFR-3 and FOXN1 have been identified. SKs are usually classified clinically and histologically. Dermatoscopy is a noninvasive alternative diagnostic technique widely used in differentiating SK from other benign and malignant tumors. In terms of treatment, topical agents, shave dissection, cryosurgery, electrodesiccation, laser application and curettage under local anesthesia are safe methods for eradication of SKs, mostly for cosmetic purposes. Though generally safe, the latter techniques may occasionally cause post-procedure depigmentation, scarring, and recurrence. Nanosecond-pulsed electric field technology is a promising new technique with fewer side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Gorai
- Department of Dermatology, Apollo Multispeciality Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shahzaib Ahmad
- King Edward Medical University Lahore, Mayo Hospital Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Muhammad Asad Raza
- Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA
| | - Farshid Etaee
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale-New Haven Health System, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Clay J Cockerell
- Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, Cockerell Dermatopathology, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Zoe Apalla
- Second Dermatology Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Kamilijiang M, Zang D, Abudukelimu N, Aidarhan N, Liu G, Aisa HA. Anti-Melanogenesis Effect of Polysaccharide from Saussurea involucrata on Forskolin-Induced Melanogenesis in B16F10 Melanoma Cells. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235044. [PMID: 36501075 PMCID: PMC9736293 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the prominent medicinal plants listed in the Chinese pharmacopoeia (2020), Saussurea involucrata (Kar. et Kir.) Sch.-Bip was demonstrated to possess various therapeutic effects. In our recent research, we extracted the polysaccharides from S. involucrata (SIP) at optimal conditions and conducted further structure elucidation on the main fraction as well as the confirmation of its possible anti-inflammatory activity. Hence, in this work, we assessed the in vitro antioxidant activity and anti-melanogenesis effects of the crude SIP in forskolin-induced B16F10 melanoma cells. The results show that SIP possessed strong antioxidant activity and was effective in concentration-dependently decreasing melanin formation and inhibiting tyrosinase activity in forskolin-induced B16F10 cells. Based on these results, the inhibitory mechanism of melanogenesis was investigated by measuring Tyrosinase (TYR), Tyrosinase related protein-1 (TRP-1), Tyrosinase related protein-2 (TRP-2), Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling protein members, and β-catenin degradation in forskolin-induced B16F10 cells. The anti-melanogenesis response of SIP might be attributed to the regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation and β-catenin degradation pathways. These results suggest that polysaccharides from S. involucrata possess a strong anti-melanogenic effect, and thus could be used as a high-value natural material for skin whitening in cosmeceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayila Kamilijiang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Deng Zang
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Nuermaimaiti Abudukelimu
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Nurbolat Aidarhan
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Geyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Haji Akber Aisa
- State Key Laboratory Basis of Xinjiang Indigenous Medicinal Plants Resource Utilization, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- Correspondence:
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Shaw TK, Paul P, Chatterjee B. Research-based findings on scope of liposome-based cosmeceuticals: an updated review. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-022-00435-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Cosmeceuticals are cosmetic products with biologically active components that have drug-like benefits. Cosmeceuticals are currently rapidly growing segments encompassing the personal care industry and numerous topical cosmetics-based therapies for treating different skin conditions. The barrier nature of skin causes limitations to topical treatment. The effectiveness of this cosmeceutical product has been enhanced a few folds by using nanotechnological modifications.
Main body
PubMed electronic searches for the literature were performed using combinations of the following terms: “cosmeceutical,” “liposome-based cosmeceuticals,” “acne and liposome,” “photo-aging and liposome,” “hyperpigmentation and liposome,” “wrinkles and liposome,” “fungal infections and liposome,” and “hair damage and liposome” from the earliest publication date available to January 5, 2022. Among the various nanotechnological approaches, liposomes offer numerous advantages such as topical cosmeceutical products, starting from improved moisturization, biodegradability, biocompatibility, enhanced permeation and retention, improved bioavailability of the active ingredients, increased esthetic appeal of cosmeceutical products, slow and extended dermal release. This review outlines various liposome-based cosmeceutical products that has been investigated to treat skin disorders such as photoaging, wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, hair damage and fungal infections.
Conclusion
Liposome-based cosmeceuticals provide a better opportunity to deliver therapeutic moiety for various skin conditions and offer potential promise for future clinical applications.
Graphical Abstract
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Costa EF, Magalhães WV, Di Stasi LC. Recent Advances in Herbal-Derived Products with Skin Anti-Aging Properties and Cosmetic Applications. Molecules 2022; 27:7518. [PMID: 36364354 PMCID: PMC9658815 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Although aesthetic benefits are a desirable effect of the treatment of skin aging, it is also important in controlling several skin diseases, mainly in aged people. The development of new dermocosmetics has rapidly increased due to consumers' demand for non-invasive products with lower adverse effects than those currently available on the market. Natural compounds of plant origin and herbal-derived formulations have been popularized due to their various safe active products, which act through different mechanisms of action on several signaling pathways for skin aging. Based on this, the aim of the review was to identify the recent advances in herbal-derived product research, including herbal formulations and isolated compounds with skin anti-aging properties. The studies evaluated the biological effects of herbal-derived products in in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies, highlighting the effects that were reported in clinical trials with available pharmacodynamics data that support their protective effects to treat, prevent, or control human skin aging. Thus, it was possible to identify that gallic and ferulic acids and herbal formulations containing Thymus vulgaris, Panax ginseng, Triticum aestivum, or Andrographis paniculata are the most promising natural products for the development of new dermocosmetics with skin anti-aging properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika F. Costa
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Wagner V. Magalhães
- Research and Development Department, Chemyunion Ltd., Sorocaba 18087-101, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz C. Di Stasi
- Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology, and Biotechnology (PhytoPharmaTech), Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
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45
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Guo J, Ma X, Bouffard F, Zhang SY. A Novel multi-fruit acids formula design on molecular basis for skin brightening via a system biology approach. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6145-6155. [PMID: 35713107 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fruit acids have long been recognized as highly effective actives with world-wide popularity, covering skin peeling, anti-acne, anti-wrinkle applications, and skin depigmentation. AIMS There are complicated interconnections between the fruit acid formula and skin pigmentation behaviors. However, the lack of systematic researches on multi-ingredient formula restricted our understanding on its mechanism. Therefore, it is of great necessity to study the interactions and cascades among components, potential gene targets, signaling pathways, and biological processes via a system biology approach. METHODS We used system biology, molecular fingerprint, and structural biology to calculate and collect target information of the functional formula. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was further applied to study the biological processes and pathways of the formula, and a multi-level network model of "component - molecular target - signaling pathway - skin disease" was established. Besides, the zebrafish model was utilized to verify the formula. RESULTS We obtained 69 hub targets by constructing a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network based on the intersection between multi-fruit acids formula (mandelic acid, lactobionic acid, niacinamide, and hydroxytyrosol) and skin indications targets (whitening-sebum balance). In vitro zebrafish models, including pigmentation, antioxidant, and radiation protection models, showed that the current formula significantly alleviated pigmentation intensity and intracellular free radical content, thus proving the efficacy of skin brightening and UV irradiation protection. CONCLUSIONS This research uncovered the underlying mechanism of multi-fruit acids formula and predicted its function in skin brightening and UV irradiation prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Guo
- Innoceuticals Research & Development Center, Hundred Splendor Group, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Ma
- Innoceuticals Research & Development Center, Hundred Splendor Group, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Sophia Yi Zhang
- Innoceuticals Research & Development Center, Hundred Splendor Group, Shanghai, China
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46
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Lim WY, Chan EWC, Phan CW, Wong CW. Potent melanogenesis inhibition by friedelin isolated from Hibiscus tiliaceus leaves. Eur J Integr Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2022.102181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Miyasaka K, Manse Y, Yoneda A, Takeda S, Shimizu N, Yamada W, Morikawa T, Shimoda H. Anti‐melanogenic effects of glucosylceramides and elasticamide derived from rice oil by‐products in melanoma cells, melanocytes, and human skin. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14353. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshiaki Manse
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute Kindai University Higashi‐osaka Japan
| | - Akari Yoneda
- Oryza Oil & Fat Chemical Co., Ltd. Ichinomiya Japan
| | - Shogo Takeda
- Oryza Oil & Fat Chemical Co., Ltd. Ichinomiya Japan
| | | | - Wakana Yamada
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute Kindai University Higashi‐osaka Japan
| | - Toshio Morikawa
- Pharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute Kindai University Higashi‐osaka Japan
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van der Valk ES, Kleinendorst L, Delhanty PJD, van der Voorn B, Visser JA, van Haelst MM, de Graaff LCG, Huisman M, White A, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, de Rijke YB, van den Akker ELT, Iyer AM, van Rossum EFC. Obesity and Hyperphagia With Increased Defective ACTH: A Novel POMC Variant. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e3699-e3704. [PMID: 35737586 PMCID: PMC9797039 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) defects generally present with early-onset obesity, hyperphagia, hypopigmentation and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) deficiency. Rodent models suggest that adequate cleavage of ACTH to α-melanocortin-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and desacetyl-α-melanocortin-stimulating hormone (d-α-MSH) by prohormone convertase 2 at the KKRR region is required for regulating food intake and energy balance. METHODS We present 2 sisters with a novel POMC gene variant, leading to an ACTH defect at the prohormone convertase 2 cleavage site, and performed functional studies of this variant. RESULTS The patients had obesity, hyperphagia and hypocortisolism, with markerly raised levels of ACTH but unaffected pigmentation. Their ACTH has reduced potency to stimulate the melanocortin (MC) 2 receptor, explaining their hypocortisolism. CONCLUSION The hyperphagia and obesity support evidence that adequate cleavage of ACTH to α-MSH and d-α-MSH is also required in humans for feeding control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline S van der Valk
- Obesity Centre CGG, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Bibian van der Voorn
- Obesity Centre CGG, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Obesity Centre CGG, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M M van Haelst
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, 1100 DD Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Laura C G de Graaff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Huisman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anne White
- Divison of Diabetes, Endocrinology & Gastroenterology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Shosuke Ito
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Wakamatsu
- Institute for Melanin Chemistry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yolanda B de Rijke
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erica L T van den Akker
- Obesity Centre CGG, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anand M Iyer
- Obesity Centre CGG, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth F C van Rossum
- Correspondence: Elisabeth F. C. van Rossum, MD, PhD, Obesity Center CGG (Centrum Gezond Gewicht), Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Rm Rg-5. P. O. Box 2400, 3000 CA Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Fitoussi R, Faure MO, Beauchef G, Achard S. Human skin responses to environmental pollutants: A review of current scientific models. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 306:119316. [PMID: 35469928 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Whatever the exposure route, chemical, physical and biological pollutants modify the whole organism response, leading to nerve, cardiac, respiratory, reproductive, and skin system pathologies. Skin acts as a barrier for preventing pollutant modifications. This review aims to present the available scientific models, which help investigate the impact of pollution on the skin. The research question was "Which experimental models illustrate the impact of pollution on the skin in humans?" The review covered a period of 10 years following a PECO statement on in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo and in silico models. Of 582 retrieved articles, 118 articles were eligible. In oral and inhalation routes, dermal exposure had an important impact at both local and systemic levels. Healthy skin models included primary cells, cell lines, co-cultures, reconstructed human epidermis, and skin explants. In silico models estimated skin exposure and permeability. All pollutants affected the skin by altering elasticity, thickness, the structure of epidermal barrier strength, and dermal extracellular integrity. Some specific models concerned wound healing or the skin aging process. Underlying mechanisms were an exacerbated inflammatory skin reaction with the modulation of several cytokines and oxidative stress responses, ending with apoptosis. Pathological skin models revealed the consequences of environmental pollutants on psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and tumour development. Finally, scientific models were used for evaluating the safety and efficacy of potential skin formulations in preventing the skin aging process or skin irritation after repeated contact. The review gives an overview of scientific skin models used to assess the effects of pollutants. Chemical and physical pollutants were mainly represented while biological contaminants were little studied. In future developments, cell hypoxia and microbiota models may be considered as more representative of clinical situations. Models considering humidity and temperature variations may reflect the impact of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marie-Odile Faure
- Scientific Consulting For You, 266 avenue Daumesnil, 75012, PARIS, France
| | | | - Sophie Achard
- HERA Team (Health Environmental Risk Assessment), INSERM UMR1153, CRESS-INRAE, Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Pharmacie, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75270 CEDEX 06, PARIS, France.
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Treatment of hyperpigmentation after burn: A literature review. Burns 2022; 48:1055-1068. [PMID: 35537921 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2022.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIFY Skin pigmentation disorders are one of the most frequent sequelae after burn injury. While these conditions often improve over time, some are permanent and cause severe psychological disorders (especially on the face). Given the frequency of these disorders and their benign nature, the scientific community has great difficulty postponing these patient follow-ups. Publications on their management are rare, and there is no consensus on the gold standard treatment for skin dyschromia. Herein, we performed a literature review including the various treatments currently proposed to manage these hyperpigmentations. METHODS All reported articles up to February 2021 were reviewed on Pubmed. Studies on the treatment of hyperpigmented scars were included if they were secondary to burn injuries. Excluded articles evaluated transient treatments, such as makeup, and articles on inflammatory hyperpigmentation without etiological details or not secondary to burns. RESULTS 201 articles were identified, and 13 studies were included. Topical creams used in inflammatory hyperpigmented lesions such as hydroquinone and first-line retinoids are controversial due to their inconstant efficacy. Various types of laser and pulsed light treatments have shown their effectiveness but can also aggravate pigmentation. CONCLUSION Dyschromia after burn remains a therapeutic challenge. Hyperpigmentations after burn should be treated on a case-by-case basis, using data from the literature, clinical experience and measuring the risk/benefit ratio.
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