1
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Liu X, Sun X, Du H, Li Y, Wen Y, Zhu Z. A transparent p-coumaric acid-grafted-chitosan coating with antimicrobial, antioxidant and antifogging properties for fruit packaging applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122238. [PMID: 38823908 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The study aimed to develop a novel, transparent and non-toxic coating with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antifogging properties. The p-coumaric acid-grafted chitosan (CS-PCA) was synthesized via a carbodiimide coupling reaction and then characterized. The CS-PCA coatings were further prepared using the casting method. The CS-PCA coatings obtained exhibited excellent transparency, UV-light barrier ability, and antifogging properties, as confirmed by spectroscopy and antifogging tests. The CS-PCA coatings showed stronger antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Botrytis cinerea compared to CS. The multifunctional coatings were further coated on the polyethylene cling film and their effectiveness was confirmed through a strawberry preservation test. The decay of the strawberries was reduced by CS-PCA coated film at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Liu
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Shandong Peninsula Engineering Research Center of Comprehensive Brine Utilization, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang, China
| | - Haiyu Du
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiyi Li
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yongqiang Wen
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, University of Science & Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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2
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Lin C, Lan C, Li X, Xie W, Lin F, Liang Y, Tao Z. A pair of nuclear factor Y transcription factors act as positive regulators in jasmonate signaling and disease resistance in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38953749 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The plant hormone jasmonate (JA) regulates plant growth and immunity by orchestrating a genome-wide transcriptional reprogramming. In the resting stage, JASMONATE-ZIM DOMAIN (JAZ) proteins act as main repressors to regulate the expression of JA-responsive genes in the JA signaling pathway. However, the mechanisms underlying de-repression of JA-responsive genes in response to JA treatment remain elusive. Here, we report two nuclear factor Y transcription factors NF-YB2 and NF-YB3 (thereafter YB2 and YB3) play key roles in such de-repression in Arabidopsis. YB2 and YB3 function redundantly and positively regulate plant resistance against the necrotrophic pathogen Botrytis cinerea, which are specially required for transcriptional activation of a set of JA-responsive genes following inoculation. Furthermore, YB2 and YB3 modulated their expression through direct occupancy and interaction with histone demethylase Ref6 to remove repressive histone modifications. Moreover, YB2 and YB3 physically interacted with JAZ repressors and negatively modulated their abundance, which in turn attenuated the inhibition of JAZ proteins on the transcription of JA-responsive genes, thereby activating JA response and promoting disease resistance. Overall, our study reveals the positive regulators of YB2 and YB3 in JA signaling by positively regulating transcription of JA-responsive genes and negatively modulating the abundance of JAZ proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyu Lin
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chenghao Lan
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fucheng Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zeng Tao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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3
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Li N, Cui J, Zhao J, An C, Wei Z, Shen Y, Sun C, Wang C, Zhan S, Li X, Wang A, Luo D, Wang Y. Dual-loaded nano pesticide system based on industrial grade scaleable carrier materials with combinatory efficacy and improved safety. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:349. [PMID: 38902761 PMCID: PMC11188194 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Repeated and widespread use of single chemical pesticides raises concerns about efficiency and safety, developing multi-component synergistic pesticides provides a new route for efficient control of diseases. Most commercial compound formulations are open systems with non-adjustable released rates, resulting in a high frequency of applications. Meanwhile, although nano pesticide delivery systems constructed with different carrier materials have been extensively studied, realizing their actual scale-up production still has important practical significance due to the large-scale field application. In this study, a boscalid and pyraclostrobin dual-loaded nano pesticide system (BPDN) was constructed with industrial-grade carrier materials to facilitate the realization of large-scale production. The optimal industrial-scale preparation mechanism of BPDN was studied with surfactants as key factors. When agricultural emulsifier No.600 and polycarboxylate are used as the ratio of 1:2 in the preparation process, the BPDN has a spherical structure with an average size of 270 nm and exhibits superior physical stability. Compared with commercial formulation, BPDN maintains rate-stabilized release up to 5 times longer, exhibits better dispersion and spreading performance on foliar, has more than 20% higher deposition amounts, and reduces loss. A single application of BPDN could efficiently control tomato gray mold during the growing period of tomatoes due to extended duration and combinatory effectiveness, reducing two application times and labor costs. Toxicology tests on various objects systematically demonstrated that BPDN has improved safety for HepG2 cells, and nontarget organism earthworms. This research provides insight into creating safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly pesticide production to reduce manual operation times and labor costs. Accompanied by production strategies that can be easily scaled up industrially, this contributes to the efficient use of resources for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjun Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianxia Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianjiang Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Changcheng An
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zheng Wei
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shenshan Zhan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xingye Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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4
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Spada M, Pugliesi C, Fambrini M, Pecchia S. Challenges and Opportunities Arising from Host- Botrytis cinerea Interactions to Outline Novel and Sustainable Control Strategies: The Key Role of RNA Interference. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6798. [PMID: 38928507 PMCID: PMC11203536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea (Pers., 1794), the causative agent of gray mold disease, causes significant losses in agricultural production. Control of this fungal pathogen is quite difficult due to its wide host range and environmental persistence. Currently, the management of the disease is still mainly based on chemicals, which can have harmful effects not only on the environment and on human health but also because they favor the development of strains resistant to fungicides. The flexibility and plasticity of B. cinerea in challenging plant defense mechanisms and its ability to evolve strategies to escape chemicals require the development of new control strategies for successful disease management. In this review, some aspects of the host-pathogen interactions from which novel and sustainable control strategies could be developed (e.g., signaling pathways, molecules involved in plant immune mechanisms, hormones, post-transcriptional gene silencing) were analyzed. New biotechnological tools based on the use of RNA interference (RNAi) are emerging in the crop protection scenario as versatile, sustainable, effective, and environmentally friendly alternatives to the use of chemicals. RNAi-based fungicides are expected to be approved soon, although they will face several challenges before reaching the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Spada
- Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Pugliesi
- Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Fambrini
- Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Susanna Pecchia
- Department of Agriculture Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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5
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Garai S, Raizada A, Kumar V, Sopory SK, Pareek A, Singla-Pareek SL, Kaur C. In silico analysis of fungal prion-like proteins for elucidating their role in plant-fungi interactions. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:308. [PMID: 38896139 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Prion-like proteins (PrLPs) have emerged as beneficial molecules with implications in adaptive responses. These proteins possess a conserved prion-like domain (PrLD) which is an intrinsically disordered region capable of adopting different conformations upon perceiving external stimuli. Owing to changes in protein conformation, functional characteristics of proteins harboring PrLDs get altered thereby, providing a unique mode of protein-based regulation. Since PrLPs are ubiquitous in nature and involved in diverse functions, through this study, we aim to explore the role of such domains in yet another important physiological process viz. plant-microbe interactions to get insights into the mechanisms dictating cross-kingdom interactions. We have evaluated the presence and functions of PrLPs in 18 different plant-associated fungi of agricultural importance to unravel their role in plant-microbe interactions. Of the 241,997 proteins scanned, 3,820 (~ 1.6%) were identified as putative PrLPs with pathogenic fungi showing significantly higher PrLP density than their beneficial counterparts. Further, through GO enrichment analysis, we could predict several PrLPs from pathogenic fungi to be involved in virulence and formation of stress granules. Notably, PrLPs involved in (retro)transposition were observed exclusively in pathogenic fungi. We even analyzed publicly available data for the expression alterations of fungal PrLPs upon their interaction with their respective hosts which revealed perturbation in the levels of some PrLP-encoding genes during interactions with plants. Overall, our work sheds light into the probable role of prion-like candidates in plant-fungi interaction, particularly in context of pathogenesis, paving way for more focused studies for validating their role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sampurna Garai
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Avi Raizada
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sudhir K Sopory
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Charanpreet Kaur
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India.
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6
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Grayton Q, Purvis ME, Schoenfisch MH. Antimicrobial Effects of Nitric Oxide against Plant Pathogens. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:26066-26074. [PMID: 38911785 PMCID: PMC11190915 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Pathogen infection represents the greatest challenge to agricultural crop production, resulting in significant economic loss. Conventional pesticides are used to control such infection but can result in antimicrobial resistance and detrimental effects on the plant, environment, and human health. Due to nitric oxide's (NO) endogenous roles in plant immune responses, treatment with exogenous NO represents an attractive nonpesticide approach for eradicating plant pathogens. In this work, the antimicrobial activity of small-molecule NO donors of varying NO-release kinetics was evaluated against Pseudomonas syringae and Botrytis cinerea, two prevalent plant pathogens. Intermediate NO-release kinetics proved to be most effective at eradicating these pathogens in vitro. A selected NO donor (methyl tris diazeniumdiolate; MD3) was capable of treating both bacterial infection of plant leaves and fungal infection of tomato fruit without exerting toxicity to earthworms. Taken together, these results demonstrate the potential for utilizing NO as a broad-spectrum, environmentally safe pesticide and may guide development of other NO donors for such application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quincy
E. Grayton
- Department
of Chemistry and Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Margery E. Purvis
- Department
of Chemistry and Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Mark H. Schoenfisch
- Department
of Chemistry and Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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7
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Zhang Y, Yang M, Qi Y, Xue Y, Yang N, Ma G, Wan F, Xian X, Liu W. Predicting global geographical distribution and latitudinal suitability gradient for light Brown apple moth. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32268. [PMID: 38882321 PMCID: PMC11180307 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Epiphyas postvittana, commonly known as the light brown apple moth (LBAM), is native to Australia and has a restricted global distribution. Its polyphagous nature and the recent surge in interceptions have emphasized the need for focused risk assessments to guide effective measures to curb the entry of this pest into new countries. This study aimed to perform a detailed global invasion risk assessment using an optimized MaxEnt model that incorporated 19 bioclimatic variables and elevation. The predictive outcomes underscored the significance of key variables, specifically the minimum temperature of the coldest month (bio6), precipitation of the driest month (bio14), and precipitation of the coldest quarter (bio19), in shaping the potential geographical distribution of LBAM. Regions beyond the existing range, including the southeastern United States, southern Brazil, eastern Argentina, Uruguay, southern Chile, and various Western European countries, were identified as susceptible to invasion and establishment by LBAM. An increase in suitability was observed above 45°N and 40°S under future climate scenario. With respect to climate change, LBAM would expand its potential range in Western Europe and the United States, especially under SSP5-8.5, in the 2050s. An upward trend in the latitudinal suitability gradient for LBAM in mid-high latitude areas implies that amid changing climate conditions, LBAM may find favorable habitats in these regions. For countries and regions with invasion risk, it is imperative to implement corresponding inspections and quarantine measures to thwart the introduction of LBAM, particularly in countries with established trade ties with invaded regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yuhan Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yantao Xue
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Nianwan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
- Institute of Western Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, PR China
| | - Gang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Fanghao Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Xian
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Wanxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, PR China
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8
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Ali MA, Ahmed T, Ibrahim E, Rizwan M, Chong KP, Yong JWH. A review on mechanisms and prospects of endophytic bacteria in biocontrol of plant pathogenic fungi and their plant growth-promoting activities. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31573. [PMID: 38841467 PMCID: PMC11152693 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria, living inside plants, are competent plant colonizers, capable of enhancing immune responses in plants and establishing a symbiotic relationship with them. Endophytic bacteria are able to control phytopathogenic fungi while exhibiting plant growth-promoting activity. Here, we discussed the mechanisms of phytopathogenic fungi control and plant growth-promoting actions discovered in some major groups of beneficial endophytic bacteria such as Bacillus, Paenibacillus, and Pseudomonas. Most of the studied strains in these genera were isolated from the rhizosphere and soils, and a more extensive study of these endophytic bacteria is needed. It is essential to understand the underlying biocontrol and plant growth-promoting mechanisms and to develop an effective screening approach for selecting potential endophytic bacteria for various applications. We have suggested a screening strategy to identify potentially useful endophytic bacteria based on mechanistic phenomena. The discovery of endophytic bacteria with useful biocontrol and plant growth-promoting characteristics is essential for developing sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Arshad Ali
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Temoor Ahmed
- Xianghu Laboratory, Hangzhou, 311231, China
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- MEU Research Unit, Middle East University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ezzeldin Ibrahim
- Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Vegetable Diseases Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Khim Phin Chong
- Biotechnology Programme, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 23456, Alnarp, Sweden
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9
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Padilla-Padilla EA, De la Rosa C, Aragón W, Ávila-Sandoval AK, Torres M, Dorantes-Acosta AE, Arteaga-Vázquez MA, Formey D, Serrano M. Identification of Arabidopsis thaliana small RNAs responsive to the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea at an early stage of interaction. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0304790. [PMID: 38875250 PMCID: PMC11178217 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In plants, small RNAs (sRNAs), mainly microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), have been described as key regulators of plant development, growth, and abiotic and biotic responses. Despite reports indicating the involvement of certain sRNAs in regulating the interaction between Botrytis cinerea (a major necrotrophic fungal phytopathogen) and host plants, there remains a lack of analysis regarding the potential regulatory roles of plant sRNAs during early stages of the interaction despite early immune responses observed then during infection. We present the first transcriptome-wide analysis of small RNA expression on the early interaction between the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea and the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that evolutionary conserved A. thaliana miRNAs were the sRNAs that accumulated the most in the presence of B. cinerea. The upregulation of miR167, miR159 and miR319 was of particular interest because these, together with their target transcripts, are involved in the fine regulation of the plant hormone signaling pathways. We also describe that miR173, which triggers the production of secondary siRNAs from TAS1 and TAS2 loci, as well as secondary siRNAs derived from these loci, is upregulated in response to B. cinerea. Thus, at an early stage of the interaction there are transcriptional changes of sRNA-guided silencing pathway genes and of a subset of sRNAs that targeted genes from the PPR gene superfamily, and these may be important mechanisms regulating the interaction between A. thaliana and B. cinerea. This work provides the basis for a better understanding of the regulation mediated by sRNAs during early B. cinerea-plant interaction and may help in the development of more effective strategies for its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emir Alejandro Padilla-Padilla
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Unidad de Posgrado, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México
| | - Carlos De la Rosa
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Wendy Aragón
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
- Instituto de Biociencias, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Chiapas, México
| | - Ana Karen Ávila-Sandoval
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Martha Torres
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Ana Elena Dorantes-Acosta
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Mario A Arteaga-Vázquez
- Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada (INBIOTECA), Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Damien Formey
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Mario Serrano
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
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10
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Yuan L, Jiang H, Li T, Liu Q, Jiang X, Han X, Wei Y, Yin X, Wang S. A Simulation Study to Reveal the Epidemiology and Aerosol Transmission Characteristics of Botrytis cinerea in Grape Greenhouses. Pathogens 2024; 13:505. [PMID: 38921802 PMCID: PMC11207035 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Most previously studies had considered that plant fungal disease spread widely and quickly by airborne fungi spore. However, little is known about the release dynamics, aerodynamic diameter, and pathogenicity threshold of fungi spore in air of the greenhouse environment. Grape gray mold is caused by Botrytis cinerea; the disease spreads in greenhouses by spores in the air and the spore attaches to the leaf and infects plant through the orifice. In this study, 120 μmol/L propidium monoazide (PMA) were suitable for treatment and quantitation viable spore by quantitative real-time PCR, with a limit detection of 8 spores/mL in spore suspension. In total, 93 strains of B. cinerea with high pathogenicity were isolated and identified from the air samples of grapevines greenhouses by a portable sampler. The particle size of B. cinerea aerosol ranged predominately from 0.65-3.3 μm, accounting for 71.77% of the total amount. The B. cinerea spore aerosols were infective to healthy grape plants, with the lowest concentration that could cause disease being 42 spores/m3. Botrytis cinerea spores collected form six greenhouse in Shandong Province were quantified by PMA-qPCR, with a higher concentration (1182.89 spores/m3) in May and June and a lower concentration in July and August (6.30 spores/m3). This study suggested that spore dispersal in aerosol is an important route for the epidemiology of plant fungal disease, and these data will contribute to the development of new strategies for the effective alleviation and control of plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Yuan
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Hang Jiang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Tinggang Li
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Qibao Liu
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xilong Jiang
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xing Han
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yanfeng Wei
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Xiangtian Yin
- Shandong Academy of Grape, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (L.Y.); (Q.L.); (X.H.); (Y.W.)
| | - Suna Wang
- School of Landscape and Ecological Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
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11
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Louviot F, Abdelrahman O, Abou-Mansour E, L'Haridon F, Allard PM, Falquet L, Weisskopf L. Oligomycin-producing Streptomyces sp. newly isolated from Swiss soils efficiently protect Arabidopsis thaliana against Botrytis cinerea. mSphere 2024:e0066723. [PMID: 38864637 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00667-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic phytopathogen able to attack more than 200 different plant species causing strong yield losses worldwide. Many synthetic fungicides have been developed to control this disease, resulting in the rise of fungicide-resistance B. cinerea strains. The aim of this study was to identify Streptomyces strains showing antagonistic activity against B. cinerea to contribute to plant protection in an environmentally friendly way. We isolated 15 Actinomycete strains from 9 different Swiss soils. The culture filtrates of three isolates showing antifungal activity inhibited spore germination and delayed mycelial growth of B. cinerea. Infection experiments showed that Arabidopsis thaliana plants were more resistant to this pathogen after leaf treatment with the Streptomyces filtrates. Bioassay-guided isolation of the active compounds revealed the presence of germicidins A and B as well as of oligomycins A, B, and E. While germicidins were mostly inactive, oligomycin B reduced the mycelial growth of B. cinerea significantly. Moreover, all three oligomycins inhibited this fungus' spore germination, suggesting that these molecules might contribute to the Streptomyces's ability to protect plants against infection by the broad host-pathogen Botrytis cinerea. IMPORTANCE This study reports the isolation of new Streptomyces strains with strong plant-protective potential mediated by their production of specialized metabolites. Using the broad host range pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea, we demonstrate that the cell-free filtrate of selected Streptomyces isolates efficiently inhibits different developmental stages of the fungus, including mycelial growth and the epidemiologically relevant spore germination. Beyond in vitro experiments, the strains and their metabolites also efficiently protected plants against the disease caused by this pathogen. This work further identifies oligomycins as active compounds involved in the observed antifungal activity of the strains. This work shows that we can harness the natural ability of soil-borne microbes and of their metabolites to efficiently fight other microbes responsible for significant crop losses. This opens the way to the development of environmentally friendly health protection measures for crops of agronomical relevance, based on these newly isolated strains or their metabolic extracts containing oligomycins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Louviot
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ola Abdelrahman
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Laurent Falquet
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laure Weisskopf
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Food Research and Innovation Centre, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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12
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Wu R, Xie D, Du J. The binding pattern of ferric iron and iron-binding protein in Botrytis cinerea. Comput Biol Med 2024; 178:108686. [PMID: 38850956 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Iron-binding protein (Ibp) has protective effect on pathogen exposed to H2O2 in defense response of plants. Ibp in Botrytis cinerea (BcIbp) is related to its virulence. Bcibp mutation lead to virulence deficiencies in B. cinerea. BcIbp is involved in the Fe3+ homeostasis regulation. Recognition the binding site and binding pattern of ferric iron and iron-binding protein in B. cinerea are vital to understand its function. In this study, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, gaussian accelerated molecular dynamics (GaMD) simulations, dynamic cross correlation analysis and quantum chemical energy calculation were used to explore binding pattern of ferric iron. MD results showed that the C-terminal region had little effect on the stability of residues in the Fe3+-binding pocket. Energy calculations suggested the most likely coordination pattern for ferric iron in iron-binding protein. These results will help to understand the binding of ferric iron to iron-binding protein and provide new ideas for regulating the virulence of B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruihan Wu
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Donglin Xie
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Juan Du
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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13
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Wu F, Wang H, Lin Y, Qu Z, Zheng B, Feng S, Li X. 2-Heptanol inhibits Botrytis cinerea by accelerating amino acid metabolism and retarding membrane transport. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1400164. [PMID: 38887459 PMCID: PMC11180792 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1400164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
During the postharvest storage of tomatoes, they are susceptible to infection by Botrytis cinerea, leading to significant economic losses. This study evaluated the antifungal potential of 2-heptanol (2-HE), a volatile biogenic compound, against B. cinerea and explored the underlying antifungal mechanism. The results indicated that 2-HE effectively suppressed the growth of B. cinerea mycelia both in vivo and in vitro and stimulated the activities of antioxidative enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in tomatoes. Furthermore, 2-HE reduced spore viability, compromised membrane integrity, and resulted in increased levels of extracellular nucleic acids, protein content, and membrane lipid peroxidation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 2-HE disrupted the membrane transport system and enhanced amino acid metabolism, which led to intracellular nutrient depletion and subsequent B. cinerea cell death. Additionally, the 2-HE treatment did not negatively impact the appearance or quality of the tomatoes. In conclusion, the findings of this study offer insights into the use of 2-HE as a biocontrol agent in food and agricultural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shun Feng
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forest, National Key Laboratory of Tropcial Crop Breeding, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xinguo Li
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forest, National Key Laboratory of Tropcial Crop Breeding, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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14
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Sbodio AO, Mesquida-Pesci SD, Yip N, Alvarez-Rojo I, Gutierrez-Baeza E, Tay S, Bello P, Wang L, Blanco-Ulate B. Non-wounding contact-based Inoculation of fruits with fungal pathogens in postharvest. PLANT METHODS 2024; 20:83. [PMID: 38825669 PMCID: PMC11145807 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01214-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fungal pathogens significantly impact the quality of fruits and vegetables at different stages of the supply chain, leading to substantial food losses. Understanding how these persistent fungal infections occur and progress in postharvest conditions is essential to developing effective control strategies. RESULTS In this study, we developed a reliable and consistent inoculation protocol to simulate disease spread from infected fruits to adjacent healthy fruits during postharvest storage. We tested different combinations of relevant fruit commodities, including oranges, tomatoes, and apples, against impactful postharvest pathogens such as Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium italicum, Botrytis cinerea, and Penicillium expansum. We assessed the efficacy of this protocol using fruits treated with various postharvest methods and multiple isolates for each pathogen. We optimized the source of infected tissue and incubation conditions for each fruit-pathogen combination. Disease incidence and severity were quantitatively evaluated to study infection success and progression. At the final evaluation point, 80% or higher disease incidence rates were observed in all trials except for the fungicide-treated oranges inoculated with fungicide-susceptible Penicillium spp. isolates. Although disease incidence was lower in that particular scenario, it is noteworthy that the pathogen was still able to establish itself under unfavorable conditions, indicating the robustness of our methodology. Finally, we used multispectral imaging to detect early P. digitatum infections in oranges before the disease became visible to the naked eye but after the pathogen was established. CONCLUSIONS We developed a non-invasive inoculation strategy that can be used to recreate infections caused by contact or nesting in postharvest. The observed high disease incidence and severity values across fruit commodities and fungal pathogens demonstrate the robustness, efficacy, and reproducibility of the developed methodology. The protocol has the potential to be tailored for other pathosystems. Additionally, this approach can facilitate the study of fruit-pathogen interactions and the assessment of innovative control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian O Sbodio
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Nancy Yip
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | | | - Samantha Tay
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Pedro Bello
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Luxin Wang
- Department of Food Science, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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15
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González Y, Martínez-Soto D, de Los Santos-Villalobos S, Garcia-Marin LE, Juarez-Moreno K, Castro-Longoria E. Potential application of a fungal co-culture crude extract for the conservation of post-harvest fruits. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:1679-1691. [PMID: 38393617 PMCID: PMC11153422 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01274-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal plant pathogens are responsible for serious losses in many economically important crop species worldwide. Due to the use of fungicides and the fungi genome plasticity, multi-drug resistant strains are emerging as a new generation of pathogens, causing an expansive range of superficial and systemic plant infections, or new opportunistic fungal pathogens for humans. The group of antagonistic fungi Trichoderma spp. has been widely used to enhance plant growth and for the control of different pathogens affecting crops. Although Neurospora crassa is not a mycoparasitic fungus, its secretion of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity has been described. In this work, the effect of crude extract of the monoculture of Trichoderma asperellum T8a or the co-culture with N. crassa as an inhibitory treatment against the fungal pathogens Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium solani was evaluated. The findings demonstrate that the secondary metabolites contained in the T. asperellum crude extract have a clear fungistatic activity against B. cinerea and F. solani. Interestingly, this fungistatic activity highly increases when T. asperellum is co-cultivated with the non-pathogenic fungus N. crassa. Moreover, the co-culture crude extract also showed antifungal activity on post-harvest fruits, and no toxic effects on Murine fibroblast L929 (CCL-1) and murine macrophages RAW 264.7 (TIB-71) were observed. All these results together are solid evidence of the potential of the co-culture crude extract of T. asperellum and N. crassa, as an antifungal agent against phytopathogenic fungi, or post-harvest fruits during the transportation or commercialization time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael González
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Domingo Martínez-Soto
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | | | - Luis E Garcia-Marin
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Karla Juarez-Moreno
- Center for Applied Physics and Advanced Technology, UNAM. Blvd. Juriquilla 3001, Juriquilla La Mesa, 76230, Juriquilla, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Ernestina Castro-Longoria
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada (CICESE), Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada 3918, Zona Playitas, 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
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16
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Jernej L, Frost DSM, Walker AS, Liu J, Fefer M, Plaetzer K. Photodynamic Inactivation in agriculture: combating fungal phytopathogens resistant to conventional treatment. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:1117-1128. [PMID: 38750328 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is a severe threat in agriculture, as it can infect over 200 different crop species with gray mold affecting food yields and quality. The conventional treatment using fungicides lead to emerging resistance over the past decades. Here, we introduce Photodynamic Inactivation (PDI) as a strategy to combat B. cinerea infections, independent of fungicide resistance. PDI uses photoactive compounds, which upon illumination create reactive oxygen species toxic for killing target organisms. This study focuses on different formulations of sodium-magnesium-chlorophyllin (Chl, food additive E140) as photoactive compound in combination with EDTA disodium salt dihydrate (Na2EDTA) as cell-wall permeabilizer and a surfactant. In an in vitro experiment, three different photosensitizers (PS) with varying Chl and Na2EDTA concentrations were tested against five B. cinerea strains with different resistance mechanisms. We showed that all B. cinerea mycelial spheres of all tested strains were eradicated with concentrations as low as 224 µM Chl and 3.076 mM Na2EDTA (LED illumination with main wavelength of 395 nm, radiant exposure 106 J cm-2). To further test PDI as a Botrytis treatment strategy in agriculture a greenhouse trial was performed on B. cinerea infected bell pepper plants (Capsicum annum L). Two different rates (560 or 1120 g Ha-1) of PS formulation (0.204 M Chl and 1.279 M Na2EDTA) and a combination of PS formulation with 0.05% of the surfactant BRIJ L4 (560 g Ha-1) were applied weekly for 4 weeks by spray application. Foliar lesions, percentage of leaves affected, percentage of leaf area diseased and AUDPC were significantly reduced, while percentage of marketable plants were increased by all treatments compared to a water treated control, however, did not statistically differ from each other. No phytotoxicity was observed in any treatment. These results add to the proposition of employing PDI with the naturally sourced PS Chl in agricultural settings aimed at controlling B. cinerea disease. This approach seems to be effective regardless of the evolving resistance mechanisms observed in response to conventional antifungal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Jernej
- Laboratory of Photodynamic Inactivation of Microorganisms, Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | | | - Jun Liu
- Suncor AgroScience, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | | | - Kristjan Plaetzer
- Laboratory of Photodynamic Inactivation of Microorganisms, Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
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17
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Luo P, Huang JH, Lv JM, Wang GQ, Hu D, Gao H. Biosynthesis of fungal terpenoids. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:748-783. [PMID: 38265076 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00052d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Covering: up to August 2023Terpenoids, which are widely distributed in animals, plants, and microorganisms, are a large group of natural products with diverse structures and various biological activities. They have made great contributions to human health as therapeutic agents, such as the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel and anti-malarial agent artemisinin. Accordingly, the biosynthesis of this important class of natural products has been extensively studied, which generally involves two major steps: hydrocarbon skeleton construction by terpenoid cyclases and skeleton modification by tailoring enzymes. Additionally, fungi (Ascomycota and Basidiomycota) serve as an important source for the discovery of terpenoids. With the rapid development of sequencing technology and bioinformatics approaches, genome mining has emerged as one of the most effective strategies to discover novel terpenoids from fungi. To date, numerous terpenoid cyclases, including typical class I and class II terpenoid cyclases as well as emerging UbiA-type terpenoid cyclases, have been identified, together with a variety of tailoring enzymes, including cytochrome P450 enzymes, flavin-dependent monooxygenases, and acyltransferases. In this review, our aim is to comprehensively present all fungal terpenoid cyclases identified up to August 2023, with a focus on newly discovered terpenoid cyclases, especially the emerging UbiA-type terpenoid cyclases, and their related tailoring enzymes from 2015 to August 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Luo
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jia-Hua Huang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jian-Ming Lv
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Gao-Qian Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Dan Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hao Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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18
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Santra HK, Dutta R, Banerjee D. Antifungal activity of bio-active cell-free culture extracts and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) synthesised by endophytic fungal isolates of Garden Nasturtium. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11228. [PMID: 38755187 PMCID: PMC11099177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60948-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in fungal pathogens (both human and plant) is increasing alarmingly, leading to massive economic crises. The existing anti-fungal agents are becoming ineffective, and the situation worsens on a logarithmic scale. Novel antifungals from unique natural sources are highly sought to cope sustainably with the situation. Metabolites from endophytic microbes are the best-fitted alternatives in this case. Endophytes are the untapped sources of 'plants' internal microbial population' and are promising sources of effective bio-therapeutic agents. Fungal endophytes were isolated from Tropaeolum majus and checked for antifungal activity against selected plant and human pathogens. Bioactive metabolites were identified through chromatographic techniques. The mode of action of those metabolites was evaluated through various spectroscopic techniques. The production of antifungal metabolite was optimized also. In particular VOCs (volatile organic compounds) of TML9 were tested in vitro for their anti-phytopathogenic activity. Ethyl acetate (EA) extract of cell-free culture components of Colletotrichum aenigma TML3 exhibited broad-spectrum antifungal activity against four species of Candida and the major constituents reported were 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one, 2-Nonanone, 1 propanol 2-amino. The volatile metabolites, trans-ocimene, geraniol, and 4-terpinyl acetate, produced from Curvularia lunata TML9, inhibited the growth of some selected phyto pathogens. EA extract hampered the biofilm formation, minimised the haemolytic effect, and blocked the transformation of Candida albicans (MTCC 4748) from yeast to hyphal form with a Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) of 200-600 µg mL-1. Central carbohydrate metabolism, ergosterol synthesis, and membrane permeability were adversely affected and caused the lethal leakage of necessary macromolecules of C. albicans. Volatile metabolites inhibited the growth of phytopathogens i.e., Rhizoctonia solani, Alternaria alternata, Botrytis cinerea, Cercospora beticola, Penicillium digitatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, Ceratocystis ulmi, Pythium ultimum up to 89% with an IC50 value of 21.3-69.6 µL 50 mL-1 and caused leakage of soluble proteins and other intracellular molecules. Citrusy sweet odor volatiles of TML9 cultured in wheat-husk minimised the infections of Penicillium digitatum (green mold), in VOC-exposed sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis). Volatile and non-volatile antifungal metabolites of these two T. majus endophytes hold agricultural and pharmaceutical interests. Metabolites of TML3 have strong anti-Candida activity and require further assessment for therapeutic applications. Also, volatile metabolites of TML9 can be further studied as a source of antifungals. The present investigational outcomes bio-prospects the efficacy of fungal endophytes of Garden Nasturtium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiran Kanti Santra
- Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Riya Dutta
- Center for Life Sciences, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Debdulal Banerjee
- Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany and Forestry, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India.
- Center for Life Sciences, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India.
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19
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Maniak H, Matyja K, Pląskowska E, Jarosz J, Majewska P, Wietrzyk J, Gołębiowska H, Trusek A, Giurg M. 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid-Based Hydrazide-Hydrazones as Potent Growth Inhibition Agents of Laccase-Producing Phytopathogenic Fungi That Are Useful in the Protection of Oilseed Crops. Molecules 2024; 29:2212. [PMID: 38792074 PMCID: PMC11124341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The research on new compounds against plant pathogens is still socially and economically important. It results from the increasing resistance of pests to plant protection products and the need to maintain high yields of crops, particularly oilseed crops used to manufacture edible and industrial oils and biofuels. We tested thirty-five semi-synthetic hydrazide-hydrazones with aromatic fragments of natural origin against phytopathogenic laccase-producing fungi such as Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Cerrena unicolor. Among the investigated molecules previously identified as potent laccase inhibitors were also strong antifungal agents against the fungal species tested. The highest antifungal activity showed derivatives of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and salicylic aldehydes with 3-tert-butyl, phenyl, or isopropyl substituents. S. sclerotiorum appeared to be the most susceptible to the tested compounds, with the lowest IC50 values between 0.5 and 1.8 µg/mL. We applied two variants of phytotoxicity tests for representative crop seeds and selected hydrazide-hydrazones. Most tested molecules show no or low phytotoxic effect for flax and sunflower seeds. Moreover, a positive impact on seed germination infected with fungi was observed. With the potential for application, the cytotoxicity of the hydrazide-hydrazones of choice toward MCF-10A and BALB/3T3 cell lines was lower than that of the azoxystrobin fungicide tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina Maniak
- Department of Micro, Nano, and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 4/6 Norwida Street, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Konrad Matyja
- Department of Micro, Nano, and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 4/6 Norwida Street, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Elżbieta Pląskowska
- Division of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Department of Plant Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 24A Grunwald Square, 50-363 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Joanna Jarosz
- Laboratory of Experimental Anticancer Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 R. Weigla Street, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Paulina Majewska
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, 3 Hrabska Avenue, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland;
| | - Joanna Wietrzyk
- Laboratory of Experimental Anticancer Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 R. Weigla Street, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (J.J.); (J.W.)
| | - Hanna Gołębiowska
- Department of Weed Science and Tillage Systems, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation State Research Institute, 61 Orzechowa Street, 50-540 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Anna Trusek
- Department of Micro, Nano, and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 4/6 Norwida Street, 50-373 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.M.); (A.T.)
| | - Mirosław Giurg
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, 27 Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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20
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Peng Q, Tang L, Zhao C, Liao S, Miao J, Liu X. Sensitivity analysis and point mutations in BcSDHB confer cyclobutrifluram resistance in Botrytis cinerea from China. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105884. [PMID: 38685250 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is one of the most destructive pathogens worldwide. It can damage over 200 crops, resulting in significant yield and quality losses. Cyclobutrifluram, a new generation of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors, exhibits excellent inhibitory activity against B. cinerea. However, the baseline sensitivity and resistance of B. cinerea to cyclobutrifluram remains poorly understood. This study was designed to monitor the sensitivity frequency distribution, assess the resistance risk, and clarify the resistance mechanism of B. cinerea to cyclobutrifluram. The baseline sensitivity of B. cinerea isolates to cyclobutrifluram was 0.89 μg/mL. Cyclobutrifluram-resistant B. cinerea populations are present in the field. Six resistant B. cinerea isolates investigated in this study possessed enhanced compound fitness index compared to the sensitive isolates according to mycelial growth, mycelial dry weight, conidiation, conidial germination rate, and pathogenicity. Cyclobutrifluram exhibited no cross-resistance with tebuconazole, fludioxonil, cyprodinil, or iprodione. Sequence alignment revealed that BcSDHB from cyclobutrifluram-resistant B. cinerea isolates had three single substitutions (P225F, N230I, or H272R). Molecular docking verified that these mutations in BcSDHB conferred cyclobutrifluram resistance in B. cinerea. In conclusion, the resistance risk of B. cinerea to cyclobutrifluram is high, and the point mutations in BcSDHB (P225F, N230I, or H272R) confer cyclobutrifluram resistance in B. cinerea. This study provided important insights into cyclobutrifluram resistance in B. cinerea and offered valuable information for monitoring and managing cyclobutrifluram resistance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lijun Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuailin Liao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianqiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuanxi Road, Beijing 100193, China.
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21
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Al-Shuaibi BK, Kazerooni EA, Al-Maqbali D, Al-Kharousi M, Al-Yahya’ei MN, Hussain S, Velazhahan R, Al-Sadi AM. Biocontrol Potential of Trichoderma Ghanense and Trichoderma Citrinoviride toward Pythium aphanidermatum. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:284. [PMID: 38667955 PMCID: PMC11051229 DOI: 10.3390/jof10040284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pythium-induced damping-off of cucumber is a major constraint to cucumber production in different parts of the world. Although chemical fungicides are used for managing this disease, they have many drawbacks to the environment. The ability of the antagonistic fungi isolated from the rhizosphere and endosphere of Dactyloctenium robecchii and Moraea sisyrinchium in the control of soilborne pathogen Pythium aphanidermatum was inspected. Native Trichoderma isolates, Trichoderma ghanense and Trichoderma citrinoviride, were isolated from plant stem and soil samples collected from Al-Seeb, Oman. Using a dual culture technique, the antagonistic activity of the fungal isolates against P. aphanidermatum was examined in vitro. Among Trichoderma isolates, T. ghanense was more efficient in restraining the mycelial growth of P. aphanidermatum, causing an inhibition percentage of 44.6%. Further, T. citrinoviride induced significantly lower cessation of P. aphanidermatum mycelial growth (31.3%). Microscopic and electrolyte leakage inspection of the pathogen mycelia depicted extreme morphological malformations in their mycelium, which can be attributed to the antifungal metabolites of antagonists. Greenhouse studies demonstrated the effectivity of T. ghanense in controlling Pythium damping-off of cucumber plants, where the number of surviving plants was over 90% when the biocontrol agents were used compared to 0 in the control plants. Furthermore, treatment of the plants with the antagonists promoted growth characteristics of plants compared to uninoculated plants. This included improvements in shoot and root lengths, leaf length and width, and dry weight. These findings suggest that T. ghanense and T. citrinoviride can be developed as alternatives to synthetic chemical fungicides to manage soilborne pathogens of cucumber. This research is also the first to clarify the biocontrol ability of T. citrinoviride and T. ghanense against cucumber damping-off caused by P. aphanidermatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badriya Khalfan Al-Shuaibi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khod 123, Oman; (B.K.A.-S.); (E.A.K.); (S.H.); (R.V.)
| | - Elham Ahmed Kazerooni
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khod 123, Oman; (B.K.A.-S.); (E.A.K.); (S.H.); (R.V.)
| | - Dua’a Al-Maqbali
- Oman Animal and Plant Genetic Resources Center (Mawarid), Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, P.O. Box 82, Muscat 112, Oman; (D.A.-M.); (M.A.-K.); (M.N.A.-Y.)
| | - Moza Al-Kharousi
- Oman Animal and Plant Genetic Resources Center (Mawarid), Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, P.O. Box 82, Muscat 112, Oman; (D.A.-M.); (M.A.-K.); (M.N.A.-Y.)
| | - Mohamed N. Al-Yahya’ei
- Oman Animal and Plant Genetic Resources Center (Mawarid), Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation, P.O. Box 82, Muscat 112, Oman; (D.A.-M.); (M.A.-K.); (M.N.A.-Y.)
| | - Shah Hussain
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khod 123, Oman; (B.K.A.-S.); (E.A.K.); (S.H.); (R.V.)
| | - Rethinasamy Velazhahan
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khod 123, Oman; (B.K.A.-S.); (E.A.K.); (S.H.); (R.V.)
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al-Sadi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 34, Al-Khod 123, Oman; (B.K.A.-S.); (E.A.K.); (S.H.); (R.V.)
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22
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Malacarne G, Lagreze J, Rojas San Martin B, Malnoy M, Moretto M, Moser C, Dalla Costa L. Insights into the cell-wall dynamics in grapevine berries during ripening and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:38. [PMID: 38605193 PMCID: PMC11009762 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01437-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
The cell wall (CW) is the dynamic structure of a plant cell, acting as a barrier against biotic and abiotic stresses. In grape berries, the modifications of pulp and skin CW during softening ensure flexibility during cell expansion and determine the final berry texture. In addition, the CW of grape berry skin is of fundamental importance for winemaking, controlling secondary metabolite extractability. Grapevine varieties with contrasting CW characteristics generally respond differently to biotic and abiotic stresses. In the context of climate change, it is important to investigate the CW dynamics occurring upon different stresses, to define new adaptation strategies. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms underlying CW modifications during grapevine berry fruit ripening, plant-pathogen interaction, or in response to environmental stresses, also considering the most recently published transcriptomic data. Furthermore, perspectives of new biotechnological approaches aiming at modifying the CW properties based on other crops' examples are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Malacarne
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Trento, Italy.
| | - Jorge Lagreze
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Trento, Italy
- Centre Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Trento, Italy
| | - Barbara Rojas San Martin
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Trento, Italy
- Centre Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Trento, Italy
| | - Mickael Malnoy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Trento, Italy
| | - Marco Moretto
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Trento, Italy
| | - Claudio Moser
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Trento, Italy
| | - Lorenza Dalla Costa
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Trento, Italy
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23
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An JX, Zhang BQ, Liang HJ, Zhang ZJ, Liu YQ, Zhang SY. Antifungal Activity and Putative Mechanism of HWY-289, a Semisynthetic Protoberberine Derivative, against Botrytis cinerea. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7716-7726. [PMID: 38536397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
The emergence of resistant pathogens has increased the demand for alternative fungicides. The use of natural products as chemical scaffolds is a potential method for developing fungicides. HWY-289, a semisynthetic protoberberine derivative, demonstrated broad-spectrum and potent activities against phytopathogenic fungi, particularly Botrytis cinerea (with EC50 values of 1.34 μg/mL). SEM and TEM imaging indicated that HWY-289 altered the morphology of the mycelium and the internal structure of cells. Transcriptomics revealed that it could break down cellular walls through amino acid sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism. In addition, it substantially decreased chitinase activity and chitin synthase gene (BcCHSV) expression by 53.03 and 82.18% at 1.5 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, this impacted the permeability and integrity of cell membranes. Finally, HWY-289 also hindered energy metabolism, resulting in a significant reduction of ATP content, ATPase activities, and key enzyme activities in the TCA cycle. Therefore, HWY-289 may be a potential candidate for the development of plant fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Xia An
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bao-Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Jie Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
| | - Shao-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Science, Huzhou University, Huzhou 313000, China
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24
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Yu B, Cheng J, Fang Y, Xie Z, Xiong Q, Zhang H, Shang W, Wurm FR, Liang W, Wei F, Zhao J. Multi-Stimuli-Responsive, Topology-Regulated, and Lignin-Based Nano/Microcapsules from Pickering Emulsion Templates for Bidirectional Delivery of Pesticides. ACS NANO 2024; 18:10031-10044. [PMID: 38547360 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The increasing demand for improving pesticide utilization efficiency has prompted the development of sustainable, targeted, and stimuli-responsive delivery systems. Herein, a multi-stimuli-responsive nano/microcapsule bidirectional delivery system loaded with pyraclostrobin (Pyr) is prepared through interfacial cross-linking from a lignin-based Pickering emulsion template. During this process, methacrylated alkali lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) are utilized as stabilizers for the tunable oil-water (O/W) Pickering emulsion. Subsequently, a thiol-ene radical reaction occurs with the acid-labile cross-linkers at the oil-water interface, leading to the formation of lignin nano/microcapsules (LNCs) with various topological shapes. Through the investigation of the polymerization process and the structure of LNC, it was found that the amphiphilicity-driven diffusion and distribution of cyclohexanone impact the topology of LNC. The obtained Pyr@LNC exhibits high encapsulation efficiency, tunable size, and excellent UV shielding to Pyr. Additionally, the flexible topology of the Pyr@LNC shell enhances the retention and adhesion of the foliar surface. Furthermore, Pyr@LNC exhibits pH/laccase-responsive targeting against Botrytis disease, enabling the intelligent release of Pyr. The in vivo fungicidal activity shows that efficacy of Pyr@LNC is 53% ± 2% at 14 days postspraying, whereas the effectiveness of Pyr suspension concentrate is only 29% ± 4%, and the acute toxicity of Pyr@LNC to zebrafish is reduced by more than 9-fold compared with that of Pyr technical. Moreover, confocal laser scanning microscopy shows that the LNCs can be bidirectionally translocated in plants. Therefore, the topology-regulated bidirectional delivery system LNC has great practical potential for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jingli Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhengang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyu Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Haonan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Wenxuan Shang
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Wenlong Liang
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Fanglin Wei
- Zhejiang XinNong Chemical Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310021, P. R. China
| | - Jinhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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25
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Li H, Kalunke R, Tetorya M, Czymmek KJ, Shah DM. Modes of action and potential as a peptide-based biofungicide of a plant defensin MtDef4. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13458. [PMID: 38619888 PMCID: PMC11018249 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Due to rapidly emerging resistance to single-site fungicides in fungal pathogens of plants, there is a burgeoning need for safe and multisite fungicides. Plant antifungal peptides with multisite modes of action (MoA) have potential as bioinspired fungicides. Medicago truncatula defensin MtDef4 was previously reported to exhibit potent antifungal activity against fungal pathogens. Its MoA involves plasma membrane disruption and binding to intracellular targets. However, specific biochemical processes inhibited by this defensin and causing cell death have not been determined. Here, we show that MtDef4 exhibited potent antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea. It induced severe plasma membrane and organelle irregularities in the germlings of this pathogen. It bound to fungal ribosomes and inhibited protein translation in vitro. A MtDef4 variant lacking antifungal activity exhibited greatly reduced protein translation inhibitory activity. A cation-tolerant MtDef4 variant was generated that bound to β-glucan of the fungal cell wall with higher affinity than MtDef4. It also conferred a greater reduction in the grey mould disease symptoms than MtDef4 when applied exogenously on Nicotiana benthamiana plants, tomato fruits and rose petals. Our findings revealed inhibition of protein synthesis as a likely target of MtDef4 and the potential of its cation-tolerant variant as a peptide-based fungicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Donald Danforth Plant Science CenterSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | | | | | - Kirk J. Czymmek
- Donald Danforth Plant Science CenterSt. LouisMissouriUSA
- Advanced Bioimaging LaboratoryDonald Danforth Plant Science CenterSt. LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Dilip M. Shah
- Donald Danforth Plant Science CenterSt. LouisMissouriUSA
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26
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Yue MY, Wang R, Liu YM, Chen BW, Ding WL, Li Y. Resistance of the Ginseng Gray Mold Pathogen, Botrytis cinerea, to Boscalid and Pyraclostrobin Fungicides in China. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:979-986. [PMID: 38012822 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-23-0321-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea severely threatens the yield of ginseng (Panax ginseng). Various categories of fungicides have been utilized to control gray mold on this crop. In this study, the resistance of 102 isolates of B. cinerea from 11 commercial ginseng-growing regions in China to fungicides was examined. A total of 32.4% were resistant to boscalid, with EC50 values that ranged from 12.26 to 235.87 μg/ml, and 94.1% were resistant to pyraclostrobin, with EC50 values that ranged from 5.88 to 487.72 μg/ml. Except for sdhA and sdhD, the amino acid substitutions of P225F, P225L, N230I, H272Y, and H272R in the sdhB subunit from 24 (4 sensitive [S] and 20 resistant [R]), 5 (1 S and 4 R), 1 (S), 1 (R), and 8 (4 S and 4 R) strains, respectively, and the concurrent amino acid substitutions of G85A + I93V + M158V + V168I in the sdhC subunit from 5 (4 S and 1 R) strains were identified. A G143A substitution in cytochrome b was identified in 96 isolates that were resistant to pyraclostrobin and three that were sensitive to it. The Bcbi-143/144 intron was identified in the other three isolates sensitive to pyraclostrobin, but it was absent in the isolates that harbored the G143A mutation. The results showed that the populations of B. cinerea on ginseng have developed strong resistance to pyraclostrobin. Therefore, it is not recommended to continue using this fungicide to control gray mold on P. ginseng. Boscalid is still effective against most isolates. However, to prevent fungicide resistance, it is recommended to use a mixture of boscalid with other categories of fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Yi Yue
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Min Liu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bing Wei Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wan Long Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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27
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Ampntelnour L, Poulaki EG, Dimitrakas V, Mavrommati M, Amourgis GG, Tjamos SE. Enhancing Botrytis disease management in tomato plants: insights from a Pseudomonas putida strain with biocontrol activity. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae094. [PMID: 38599633 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study explores the biocontrol potential of Pseudomonas putida Z13 against Botrytis cinerea in tomato plants, addressing challenges posed by the pathogen's fungicide resistance. The aims of the study were to investigate the in vitro and in silico biocontrol traits of Z13, identify its plant-colonizing efficacy, evaluate the efficacy of different application strategies against B. cinerea in planta, and assess the capacity of Z13 to trigger induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants. METHODS AND RESULTS The in vitro experiments revealed that Z13 inhibits the growth of B. cinerea, produces siderophores, and exhibits swimming and swarming activity. Additionally, the Z13 genome harbors genes that encode compounds triggering ISR, such as pyoverdine and pyrroloquinoline quinone. The in planta experiments demonstrated Z13's efficacy in effectively colonizing the rhizosphere and leaves of tomato plants. Therefore, three application strategies of Z13 were evaluated against B. cinerea: root drenching, foliar spray, and the combination of root drenching and foliar spray. It was demonstrated that the most effective treatment of Z13 against B. cinerea was the combination of root drenching and foliar spray. Transcriptomic analysis showed that Z13 upregulates the expression of the plant defense-related genes PR1 and PIN2 upon B. cinerea inoculation. CONCLUSION The results of the study demonstrated that Z13 possesses significant biocontrol traits, such as the production of siderophores, resulting in significant plant protection against B. cinerea when applied as a single treatment to the rhizosphere or in combination with leaf spraying. Additionally, it was shown that Z13 root colonization primes plant defenses against the pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Litsa Ampntelnour
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini G Poulaki
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilis Dimitrakas
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Mavrommati
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Grigorios G Amourgis
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Sotiris E Tjamos
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos str., 11855 Athens, Greece
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28
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Wang G, Zhao H, Zou J, Liang W, Zhao Z, Li D. Role of BcSfb3, the subunit of COPII vesicles, in fungal development and pathogenicity, ER-phagy and autophagy in the gray mold fungus Botrytis cinerea. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130379. [PMID: 38403214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic coat protein complex II (COPII) plays a multifunctional role in the transport of newly synthesized proteins, autophagosome formation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-ER-phagy. However, the molecular mechanisms of the COPII subunit in ER-phagy in plant pathogens remain unknown. Here, we identified the subunit of COPII vesicles (BcSfb3) and explored the importance of BcSfb3 in Botrytis cinerea. BcSfb3 deletion affected vegetative growth, conidiation, conidial morphology, and plasma membrane integrity. We confirmed that the increase in infectious hyphal growth was delayed in the ΔBcSfb3 mutant, reducing its pathogenicity in the host plant. Furthermore, the ΔBcSfb3 mutant was sensitive to ER stress, which caused massive ER expansion and induced the formation of ER whorls that were taken up into the vacuole. Further examination demonstrated that BcSfb3 deletion caused ER stress initiated by unfolded protein response, and which led to the promotion of ER-phagy and autophagy that participate in sclerotia formation. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that BcSfb3 plays an important role in fungal development, pathogenesis, ER-phagy and autophagy in B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanbo Wang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, China
| | - Haonan Zhao
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, China
| | - Jian Zou
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, China
| | - Wenxing Liang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, China
| | - Zhijian Zhao
- Industrial Crops Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650203, China.
| | - Delong Li
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, China; Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Holkar SK, Ghotgalkar PS, Markad HN, Bhanbhane VC, Saha S, Banerjee K. Current Status and Future Perspectives on Distribution of Fungal Endophytes and Their Utilization for Plant Growth Promotion and Management of Grapevine Diseases. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:116. [PMID: 38489076 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03635-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the economically most important fruit crops cultivated worldwide. Grape production is significantly affected by biotic constraints leading to heavy crop losses. Changing climatic conditions leading to widespread occurrence of different foliar diseases in grapevine. Chemical products are used for managing these diseases through preventive and curative application in the vineyard. High disease pressure and indiscriminate use of chemicals leading to residue in the final harvest and resistance development in phytopathogens. To mitigate these challenges, the adoption of potential biocontrol control agents is necessary. Moreover, multifaceted benefits of endophytes made them eco-friendly, and environmentally safe approach. The genetic composition, physiological conditions, and ecology of their host plant have an impact on their dispersion patterns and population diversity. Worldwide, a total of more than 164 fungal endophytes (FEs) have been characterized originating from different tissues, varieties, crop growth stages, and geographical regions of grapevine. These diverse FEs have been used extensively for management of different phytopathogens globally. The FEs produce secondary metabolites, lytic enzymes, and organic compounds which are known to possess antimicrobial and antifungal properties. The aim of this review was to understand diversity, distribution, host-pathogen-endophyte interaction, role of endophytes in disease management and for enhanced, and quality production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sujoy Saha
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra, 412307, India
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra, 412307, India
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Versluys M, Porras-Domínguez JR, Voet A, Struyf T, Van den Ende W. Insights in inulin binding and inulin oligosaccharide formation by novel multi domain endo-inulinases from Botrytis cinerea. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 328:121690. [PMID: 38220320 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
World-wide, pathogenic fungi such as Botrytis cinerea cause tremendous yield losses in terms of food production and post-harvest food decay. Many fungi produce inulin-type oligosaccharides (IOSs) from inulin through endo-inulinases which typically show a two domain structure. B.cinerea lacks a two domain endo-inulinase but contains a three domain structure instead. Genome mining revealed three and four domain (d4) enzymes in the fungal kingdom. Here, three and two domain enzymes were compared in their capacity to produce IOSs from inulin. Hill kinetics were observed in three domain enzymes as compared to Michaelis-Menten kinetics in two domain enzymes, suggesting that the N-terminal extension functions as a carbohydrate binding module. Analysis of the IOS product profiles generated from purified GF6, GF12, GF16 and GF18 inulins and extensive sugar docking approaches led to enhanced insights in the active site functioning, revealing subtle differences between the endo-inulinases from Aspergillus niger and B. cinerea. Improved insights in structure-function relationships in fungal endo-inulinases offer opportunities to develop superior enzymes for the production of specific IOS formulations to improve plant and animal health (priming agents, prebiotics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Versluys
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology and KU Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jaime Ricardo Porras-Domínguez
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology and KU Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Arnout Voet
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular and Structural Biology, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200g, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Tom Struyf
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology and KU Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology and KU Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Wang D, Chen L, Liu C, Wang H, Liu Z, Ji X, He N, Xin Y. Mno-miR164a and MnNAC100 regulate the resistance of mulberry to Botrytis cinerea. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14309. [PMID: 38659152 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Although microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate the defense response of a variety of plant species against a variety of pathogenic fungi, the involvement of miRNAs in mulberry's defense against Botrytis cinerea has not yet been documented. In this study, we identified responsive B. cinerea miRNA mno-miR164a in mulberry trees. After infection with B. cinerea, the expression of mno-miR164a was reduced, which was fully correlated with the upregulation of its target gene, MnNAC100, responsible for encoding a transcription factor. By using transient infiltration/VIGS mulberry that overexpressed mno-miR164a or knocked-down MnNAC100, our study revealed a substantial enhancement in mulberry's resistance to B. cinerea when mno-miR164a was overexpressed or MnNAC100 expression was suppressed. This enhancement was accompanied by increased catalase (CAT) activity and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. In addition, mno-miR164a-mediated inhibition of MnNAC100 enhanced the expression of a cluster of defense-related genes in transgenic plants upon exposure to B. cinerea. Meanwhile, MnNAC100 acts as a transcriptional repressor, directly suppressing the expression of MnPDF1.2. Our study indicated that the mno-miR164a-MnNAC100 regulatory module manipulates the defense response of mulberry to B. cinerea infection. This discovery has great potential in breeding of resistant varieties and disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghao Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaorui Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hairui Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zixuan Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xianling Ji
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Ningjia He
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Youchao Xin
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Park JY, Kang SD, Son YG, Kim JY, Lee G, Kim KD, Lee SW, Kim JY. Eucalyptus globulus leaf-isolated isorhapontin serves as a natural insecticide via acetylcholinesterase inhibition. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 200:105834. [PMID: 38582576 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors cause insect death by preventing the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, which overstimulates the nervous system. In this study, isorhapontin, isolated from E. globulus leaves, was evaluated as a natural insecticide with AChE inhibition at 12.5 μM. Using kinetic analyses, we found that isorhapontin acted as a competitive inhibitor that binds to the active site of AChE. The inhibition constant (Ki) was 6.1 μM. Furthermore, isorhapontin and resveratrol, which have basic skeletons, were predicted to bind to the active site of AChE via molecular docking. A comparison of the hydrogen bonding between the two stilbenes revealed characteristic differences in their interactions with amino acids. In isorhapontin, Trp83, Gly149, Tyr162, Tyr324, and Tyr370 interacted with the sugar moiety. These results suggest that with further development, isorhapontin can be used as an insecticide alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeon Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IALS, ABC-RLRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Doo Kang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IALS, ABC-RLRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Gon Son
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IALS, ABC-RLRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IALS, ABC-RLRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihwan Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), ABC-RLRC, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Dong Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Four), ABC-RLRC, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IALS, ABC-RLRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Yoon Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IALS, ABC-RLRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea.
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Liu H, Cai C, Zhang X, Li W, Ma Z, Feng J, Liu X, Lei P. Discovery of Novel Cinnamic Acid Derivatives as Fungicide Candidates. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2492-2500. [PMID: 38271672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Structural diversity derivatization from natural products is an important and effective method of discovering novel green pesticides. Cinnamic acids are abundant in plants, and their unparalleled structures endow them with various excellent biological activities. A series of novel cinnamic oxime esters were designed and synthesized to develop high antifungal agrochemicals. The antifungal activity, structure-activity relationship, and action mechanism were systematically studied. Compounds 7i, 7u, 7v, and 7x exhibited satisfactory activity against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, with inhibition rates of ≥90% at 50 μg/mL. Compounds 7z and 7n demonstrated excellent activities against Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea, with median effective concentration (EC50) values of 0.71 and 1.41 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 7z exhibited 100% protective and curative activities against apple Valsa canker at 200 μg/mL. The control effects of 7n against gray mold on tomato fruits and leaves were all >96%, exhibiting superior or similar effects to those of the commercial fungicide boscalid. Furthermore, the quantitative structure-activity relationship was established to guide the further design of higher-activity compounds. The preliminary results on the action mechanism revealed that 7n treatment could disrupt the function of the nucleus and mitochondria, leading to reactive oxygen species accumulation and cell membrane damage. Its primary biochemical mechanism may be inhibiting fungal ergosterol biosynthesis. The novel structure, simple synthesis, and excellent activity of cinnamic oxime esters render them promising potential fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanru Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chonglin Cai
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xingjia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wenkui Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhiqing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Juntao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xili Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Peng Lei
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Shaanxi Research Center of Biopesticide Engineering & Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Huang LJ, Yang W, Chen J, Yu P, Wang Y, Li N. Molecular identification and functional characterization of an environmental stress responsive glutaredoxin gene ROXY1 in Quercus glauca. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108367. [PMID: 38237422 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
Quercus glauca is a valuable natural resource with both economic and ecological values. It is one of the dominant forest tree species widely distributed in Southern China. As a perennial broadleaf plant, Q. glauca inevitably encounters numerous stresses from environment. Glutaredoxins (GRXs) are a kind of small oxidoreductases that play an important role in response to oxidative stress. CC-type GRXs also known as ROXYs are specific to land plants. In this study, we isolated a CC-type GRX gene, QgROXY1, from Q. glauca. Expression of QgROXY1 is induced by a variety of environmental stimuli. QgROXY1 protein localizes to both cytoplasm and nucleus; whereas the nucleus localized QgROXY1 could physically interact with the basic region/leucine zipper motif (bZIP) transcription factor AtTGA2 from Arabidopsis thaliana. Transgenic A. thaliana ectopically expressing QgROXY1 is hypersensitive to exogenously applied salicylic acid. Induction of plant defense gene is significantly impaired in QgROXY1 transgenic plants that results in enhanced susceptibility to infection of Botrytis cinerea pathogen, indicating the evolutionary conserved function among ROXY homologs in weedy and woody plants. This is the first described function for the ROXYs in tree plants. Through this case study, we demonstrated the feasibility and efficacy of molecular technology applied to characterization of gene function in tree species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Huang
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Wenhai Yang
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Bio-resources and Integrated Pest Management for Higher Education in Hunan Province, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Peiyao Yu
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Bio-resources and Integrated Pest Management for Higher Education in Hunan Province, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Yukun Wang
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Ning Li
- College of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Bio-resources and Integrated Pest Management for Higher Education in Hunan Province, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
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35
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Zhang N, Hu J, Liu Z, Liang W, Song L. Sir2-mediated cytoplasmic deacetylation facilitates pathogenic fungi infection in host plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1732-1746. [PMID: 38037458 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Lysine acetylation is an evolutionarily conserved and widespread post-translational modification implicated in the regulation of multiple metabolic processes, but its function remains largely unknown in plant pathogenic fungi. A comprehensive analysis combined with proteomic, molecular and cellular approaches was presented to explore the roles of cytoplasmic acetylation in Fusarium oxsysporum f.sp. lycopersici (Fol). The divergent cytoplasmic deacetylase FolSir2 was biochemically characterized, which is contributing to fungal virulence. Based on this, a total of 1752 acetylated sites in 897 proteins were identified in Fol via LC-MS/MS analysis. Further analyses of the quantitative acetylome revealed that 115 proteins representing two major pathways, translational and ribosome biogenesis, were hyperacetylated in the ∆Folsir2 strain. We experimentally examined the regulatory roles of FolSir2 on K271 deacetylation of FolGsk3, a serine/tyrosine kinase implicated in a variety of cellular functions, which was found to be crucial for the activation of FolGsk3 and thus modulated Fol pathogenicity. Cytoplasmic deacetylation by FolSir2 homologues has a similar function in Botrytis cinerea and likely other fungal pathogens. These findings reveal a conserved mechanism of silent information regulator 2-mediated cytoplasmic deacetylation that is involved in plant-fungal pathogenicity, providing a candidate target for designing broad-spectrum fungicides to control plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jicheng Hu
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhishan Liu
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Wenxing Liang
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Limin Song
- College of Plant Health and Medicine, Engineering Research Center for Precision Pest Management for Fruits and Vegetables of Qingdao, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Environment-Friendly Agricultural Pest Management, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
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36
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Lukasko NT, Hausbeck MK. Resistance to Seven Site-Specific Fungicides in Botrytis cinerea from Greenhouse-Grown Ornamentals. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:278-285. [PMID: 37743587 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-23-1213-sr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea is a notorious problem on many floriculture greenhouse hosts including petunia, geranium, and poinsettia; these key crops contribute to the $6.43 billion U.S. ornamental industry. While growers use cultural strategies to reduce relative humidity and free moisture to limit Botrytis blight, fungicides remain a primary component of control programs. Isolates (n = 386) of B. cinerea sampled from symptomatic petunia, geranium, and poinsettia in Michigan greenhouses from 2018 to 2021 were screened for resistance to eight fungicides belonging to seven Fungicide Resistance Action Committee (FRAC) groups. Single-spored isolates were subjected to a germination-based assay using previously defined discriminatory doses of each fungicide. Resistance was detected to thiophanate-methyl (FRAC 1; 94%), pyraclostrobin (FRAC 11; 80%), boscalid (FRAC 7; 67%), iprodione (FRAC 2; 65%), fenhexamid (FRAC 17; 38%), cyprodinil (FRAC 9; 38%), fludioxonil (FRAC 12; 21%), and fluopyram (FRAC 7; 13%). Most isolates (63.5%) were resistant to at least four FRAC groups, with 8.7% of all isolates demonstrating resistance to all seven FRAC groups tested. Resistance frequencies for each fungicide were similar among crops, production regions, and growing cycles but varied significantly for each greenhouse. Phenotypic diversity was high, as indicated by the 48 different fungicide resistance profiles observed. High frequencies of resistance to multiple fungicides in B. cinerea populations from floriculture hosts highlight the importance of sustainable and alternative disease management practices for greenhouse growers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole T Lukasko
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Mary K Hausbeck
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
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Ezzine A, Ben Hadj Mohamed S, Bezzine S, Aoudi Y, Hajlaoui MR, Baciou L, Smaali I. Improved Expression of a Thermostable GH18 Bacterial Chitinase in Two Different Escherichia coli Strains and Its Potential Use in Plant Protection and Biocontrol of Phytopathogenic Fungi. Mol Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12033-023-01041-1. [PMID: 38265740 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-01041-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Chitinases are enzymes that can break down chitin, a major component of the exoskeleton of insects and fungi. This feature makes them potential biopesticides in agriculture since they are considered a safe and environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides. In this work, we performed a comparative study between two different bacterial expression strains to produce a recombinant chitinase with improved stability. Escherichia coli strains Origami B and BL21 (DE3) were selected for their distinct cytosolic environment to express BhChitA chitinase of Bacillus halodurans C-125 and to investigate the role of disulfide bond formation and proper folding on its stability and activity. Expression of the recombinant BhChitA in bacterial strain containing oxidative cytosol (Origami B) improved its activity and stability. Although both expression systems have comparable biochemical properties (temperature range 20-80 °C and pH spectrum 3-10), BhChitA expressed in Origami strain seems more stable than expressed in BL21. Furthermore, the optimal expression conditions of the recombinant BhChitA has been carried out at 30 °C during 6 h for the Origami strain, against 20 °C during 2 h for BL21. On the other hand, no significant differences were detected between the two enzymes when the effect of metal ions was tested. These findings correlate with the analysis of the overall structure of BhChitA. The model structure permitted to localize disulfide bond, which form a stable connection between the substrate-binding residues and the hydrophobic core. This link is required for efficient binding of the chitin insertion domain to the substrate. BhChitA exhibited in vitro antifungal effect against phytopathogenic fungi and suppressed necrosis of Botrytis cinerea on detached tomato leaves. In vitro assays showed the influence of BhChitA on growth suppression of Botrytis cinerea (53%) Aspergillus niger (65%), Fusarium graminearum (25%), and Fusarium oxysporum (34%). Our results highlight the importance of the bacterial expression system with oxidative cytosol in producing promising biopesticides that can be applied for post-harvest processing and crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymen Ezzine
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia.
- Higher Institute of Preparatory Studies in Biology and Geology (ISEP-BG), 49 Avenue 13 Août, Choutrana II, 2036, Soukra, Tunisia.
| | - Safa Ben Hadj Mohamed
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
| | - Sofiane Bezzine
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
- Higher Institute of Preparatory Studies in Biology and Geology (ISEP-BG), 49 Avenue 13 Août, Choutrana II, 2036, Soukra, Tunisia
| | - Yosra Aoudi
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
- Department of Biological Production Science, United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwaicho, 183-8509, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Mohamed Rabeh Hajlaoui
- National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRAT), Laboratory of Biotechnology Applied to Agriculture, 1004, El Menzah, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Laura Baciou
- Institut de Chimie Physique UMR 8000, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - Issam Smaali
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), LR11ES24, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Carthage, 1080, Tunis Cedex, Tunisia
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38
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Hu D, Maeno N, Minami N, Takahashi S, Yoshida K, Ohtani K, Funatsu Y, Kondo R, Yamaguchi A. Antifungal activities of vineyard-habitat wild yeast for grape gray-mold disease and its effects on spontaneous winemaking. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2024; 117:27. [PMID: 38261019 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Microorganisms, including native yeasts, are abundant in vineyard fields. Herein, we studied the possibility of using vineyard-derived wild yeast as a microbial pesticide against Botrytis cinerea, a pathogen that causes grape gray mold disease, to boost the initial alcohol production of spontaneously fermented wine. We identified the Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain KONDO170908, which showed the most effective antifungal activity in an ex vivo yeast dripping experiment on grape berries. This strain was utilized in an in vivo spray test on grape bunches in vineyard fields and was proven to significantly suppress gray mold disease on the grape berries in test plot #16 when the yeast was sprayed during both the flowering and ripening periods (morbidity 11.2% against 15.3% of the control plot, χ2 test, p < 0.0001). However, in test plot #17, spraying the yeast during only the ripening period had no effect (morbidity 16.3%). The grapes from each test plot were also submitted for spontaneous wine fermentation. Alcoholic fermentation of the grapes from test plot #16 provided the most active bubbling of CO2 gas and the highest ethanol production and colony counts over seven days of fermentation. Unique changes in the different strains of S. cerevisiae among the plots were observed throughout the early fermentation stage. Thus, yeast spraying during the flowering period might trigger modification of the entire microbiota and could ultimately contribute to promoting alcohol production in the spontaneously fermented wine, although it decreased the grape yield by 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagula Hu
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Midorimachi 582, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu-shi, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
- Grass Industry Collaborative Innovation Research Center, Hulunbuir University, Hulunbuir, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Naoko Maeno
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Midorimachi 582, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu-shi, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Noriko Minami
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Midorimachi 582, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu-shi, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Soichiro Takahashi
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Midorimachi 582, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu-shi, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Kuniko Yoshida
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Midorimachi 582, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu-shi, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Katsuki Ohtani
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Midorimachi 582, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu-shi, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Funatsu
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Midorimachi 582, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu-shi, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Kondo
- Kurisawa Wines, Moseushi 774-2, Kurisawacho, Iwamizawa-shi, Hokkaido, 068-0114, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Midorimachi 582, Bunkyodai, Ebetsu-shi, Hokkaido, 069-8501, Japan.
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Tang M, Wang Y, Wang K, Zhou Y, Zhao E, Zhang H, Zhang M, Yu H, Zhao X, Li G. Codon Optimization Enables the Geneticin Resistance Gene to Be Applied Efficiently to the Genetic Manipulation of the Plant Pathogenic Fungus Botrytis cinerea. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:324. [PMID: 38276781 PMCID: PMC10821057 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea can infect almost all of the important horticultural crops and cause severe economic losses globally every year. Modifying candidate genes and studying the phenotypic changes are among the most effective ways to unravel the pathogenic mechanism of this crop killer. However, few effective positive selection markers are used for B. cinerea genetic transformation, which limits multiple modifications to the genome, especially genes involving redundant functions. Here, we optimized a geneticin resistance gene, BcNPTII, based on the codon usage preference of B. cinerea. We found that BcNPTII can greatly increase the transformation efficiency of B. cinerea under G418 selection, with approximately 30 times higher efficiency than that of NPTII, which is applied efficiently to transform Magnaporthe oryzae. Using the gene replacement method, we successfully knocked out the second gene BOT2, with BcNPTII as the selection marker, from the mutant ΔoahA, in which OAHA was first replaced by the hygromycin resistance gene HPH in a field strain. We obtained the double knockout mutant ΔoahA Δbot2. Our data show that the codon-optimized BcNPTII is an efficient positive selection marker for B. cinerea transformation and can be used for various genetic manipulations in B. cinerea, including field wild-type strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyao Tang
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (M.T.); (Y.W.); (K.W.); (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yangyizhou Wang
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (M.T.); (Y.W.); (K.W.); (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Kexin Wang
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (M.T.); (Y.W.); (K.W.); (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Yuanhang Zhou
- Research Management Department, Changchun Academy of Forestry, Changchun 130021, China;
| | - Enshuang Zhao
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (E.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; (E.Z.); (H.Z.)
| | - Mingzhe Zhang
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (M.T.); (Y.W.); (K.W.); (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Hang Yu
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (M.T.); (Y.W.); (K.W.); (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Xi Zhao
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (M.T.); (Y.W.); (K.W.); (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.)
| | - Guihua Li
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (M.T.); (Y.W.); (K.W.); (M.Z.); (H.Y.); (X.Z.)
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Kim YT, Ha STT, In BC. Development of a longevity prediction model for cut roses using hyperspectral imaging and a convolutional neural network. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1296473. [PMID: 38273951 PMCID: PMC10809400 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1296473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and deep learning techniques have been widely applied to predict postharvest quality and shelf life in multiple horticultural crops such as vegetables, mushrooms, and fruits; however, few studies show the application of these techniques to evaluate the quality issues of cut flowers. Therefore, in this study, we developed a non-contact and rapid detection technique for the emergence of gray mold disease (GMD) and the potential longevity of cut roses using deep learning techniques based on HSI data. Methods Cut flowers of two rose cultivars ('All For Love' and 'White Beauty') underwent either dry transport (thus impaired cut flower hydration), ethylene exposure, or Botrytis cinerea inoculation, in order to identify the characteristic light wavelengths that are closely correlated with plant physiological states based on HSI. The flower bud of cut roses was selected for HSI measurement and the development of a vase life prediction model utilizing YOLOv5. Results and discussion The HSI results revealed that spectral reflectance between 470 to 680 nm was strongly correlated with gray mold disease (GMD), whereas those between 700 to 900 nm were strongly correlated with flower wilting or vase life. To develop a YOLOv5 prediction model that can be used to anticipate flower longevity, the vase life of cut roses was classed into two categories as over 5 d (+5D) and under 5 d (-5D), based on scoring a grading standard on the flower quality. A total of 3000 images from HSI were forwarded to the YOLOv5 model for training and prediction of GMD and vase life of cut flowers. Validation of the prediction model using independent data confirmed its high predictive accuracy in evaluating the vase life of both 'All For Love' (r2 = 0.86) and 'White Beauty' (r2 = 0.83) cut flowers. The YOLOv5 model also accurately detected and classified GMD in the cut rose flowers based on the image data. Our results demonstrate that the combination of HSI and deep learning is a reliable method for detecting early GMD infection and evaluating the longevity of cut roses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Byung-Chun In
- Department of Smart Horticultural Science, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
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Chen Y, Tang L, Jiang Z, Wang S, Qi L, Tian X, Deng H, Kong Z, Gao W, Zhang X, Li S, Chen M, Zhang X, Duan H, Yang J, Peng YL, Wang D, Liu J. Dual-Specificity Inhibitor Targets Enzymes of the Trehalose Biosynthesis Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:209-218. [PMID: 38128269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the risk of resistance development, a novel fungicide with dual specificity is demanded. Trehalose is absent in animals, and its synthases, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP), are safe fungicide targets. Here, we report the discovery of a dual-specificity inhibitor of MoTps1 (Magnaporthe oryzae Tps1, TPS) and MoTps2 (M. oryzae Tps2, TPP). The inhibitor, named A1-4, was obtained from a virtual screening and subsequent surface plasmon resonance screening. In in vitro assays, A1-4 interacts with MoTps1 and MoTps2-TPP (MoTps2 TPP domain) and inhibits their enzyme activities. In biological activity assays, A1-4 not only inhibits the virulence of M. oryzae on host but also causes aggregation of conidia cytosol, which is a characteristic phenotype of MoTps2. Furthermore, hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry assays support the notion that A1-4 binds to the substrate pockets of TPS and TPP. Collectively, A1-4 is a promising hit compound for the development of safe fungicide with dual-target specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Chen
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liu Tang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiyang Jiang
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linlu Qi
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaolin Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhiwei Kong
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenqiang Gao
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Saijie Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Meiqing Chen
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongxia Duan
- Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - You-Liang Peng
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongli Wang
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junfeng Liu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for Crop Pest Monitoring and Green Control, State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding, Joint International Research Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Zhao J, Chen Y, Ding Z, Zhou Y, Bi R, Qin Z, Yang L, Sun P, Sun Q, Chen G, Sun D, Jiang X, Zheng L, Chen XL, Wan H, Wang G, Li Q, Teng H, Li G. Identification of propranolol and derivatives that are chemical inhibitors of phosphatidate phosphatase as potential broad-spectrum fungicides. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100679. [PMID: 37653727 PMCID: PMC10811373 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant diseases cause enormous economic losses in agriculture and threaten global food security, and application of agrochemicals is an important method of crop disease control. Exploration of disease-resistance mechanisms and synthesis of highly bioactive agrochemicals are thus important research objectives. Here, we show that propranolol, a phosphatidate phosphatase (Pah) inhibitor, effectively suppresses fungal growth, sporulation, sexual reproduction, and infection of diverse plants. The MoPah1 enzyme activity of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is inhibited by propranolol. Alterations in lipid metabolism are associated with inhibited hyphal growth and appressorium formation caused by propranolol in M. oryzae. Propranolol inhibits a broad spectrum of 12 plant pathogens, effectively inhibiting infection of barley, wheat, maize, tomato, and pear. To improve antifungal capacity, we synthesized a series of propranolol derivatives, one of which shows a 16-fold increase in antifungal ability and binds directly to MoPah1. Propranolol and its derivatives can also reduce the severity of rice blast and Fusarium head blight of wheat in the field. Taken together, our results demonstrate that propranolol suppresses fungal development and infection through mechanisms involved in lipid metabolism. Propranolol and its derivatives may therefore be promising candidates for fungicide development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhifen Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yaru Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruiqing Bi
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ziting Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lei Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Peng Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qiping Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Daiyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xianya Jiang
- Yangjiang Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hu Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qiang Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Huailong Teng
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Guotian Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Lewis MT, Miller L, Hu M, Hamby KA. Diffuse Associations Between Drosophila suzukii and Filamentous Fungal Microbes May Alter Caneberry Disease Dynamics. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:137-145. [PMID: 38318843 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-12-22-0470-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Interactions between microorganisms and frugivorous insects can modulate fruit rot disease epidemiology. Insect feeding and/or oviposition wounds may create opportunities for fungal infection. Passive and active dispersal of fungal inoculums by adult insects also increases disease incidence. In fall-bearing raspberries and blackberries, such vectoring interactions could increase crop damage from the invasive pestiferous vinegar fly Drosophila suzukii (spotted-wing drosophila). Periods of peak D. suzukii activity are known to overlap with several species of primary fruit rot pathogen, particularly Botrytis cinerea and Cladosporium cladosporioides, and previous work indicates that larvae co-occur with and feed on various filamentous fungi at low rates. To further our understanding of the epidemiological consequences that may emerge from these associations, we surveyed the filamentous fungal community associated with adult D. suzukii, isolating and molecularly identifying fungi externally and internally (indicating feeding) from field-collected adults over 3 years. We isolated and identified 37 unique genera of fungi in total, including known raspberry pathogens. Most fungi were detected infrequently, and flies acquired and carried fungi externally at higher richness, frequency, and density relative to internally. In a worst-case scenario laboratory vectoring assay, D. suzukii adults were able to transfer B. cinerea and C. cladosporioides to sterile media at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h after exposure to sporulating cultures in Petri dishes. These results collectively suggest an adventitious vectoring association between D. suzukii and fruit rot fungi that has the potential to alter caneberry disease dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret T Lewis
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Logan Miller
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Mengjun Hu
- Department of Plant Sciences and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
| | - Kelly A Hamby
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742
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Singh R, Caseys C, Kliebenstein DJ. Genetic and molecular landscapes of the generalist phytopathogen Botrytis cinerea. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13404. [PMID: 38037862 PMCID: PMC10788480 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr. (teleomorph: Botryotinia fuckeliana) is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that attacks a wide range of plants. This updated pathogen profile explores the extensive genetic diversity of B. cinerea, highlights the progress in genome sequencing, and provides current knowledge of genetic and molecular mechanisms employed by the fungus to attack its hosts. In addition, we also discuss recent innovative strategies to combat B. cinerea. TAXONOMY Kingdom: Fungi, phylum: Ascomycota, subphylum: Pezizomycotina, class: Leotiomycetes, order: Helotiales, family: Sclerotiniaceae, genus: Botrytis, species: cinerea. HOST RANGE B. cinerea infects almost all of the plant groups (angiosperms, gymnosperms, pteridophytes, and bryophytes). To date, 1606 plant species have been identified as hosts of B. cinerea. GENETIC DIVERSITY This polyphagous necrotroph has extensive genetic diversity at all population levels shaped by climate, geography, and plant host variation. PATHOGENICITY Genetic architecture of virulence and host specificity is polygenic using multiple weapons to target hosts, including secretory proteins, complex signal transduction pathways, metabolites, and mobile small RNA. DISEASE CONTROL STRATEGIES Efforts to control B. cinerea, being a high-diversity generalist pathogen, are complicated. However, integrated disease management strategies that combine cultural practices, chemical and biological controls, and the use of appropriate crop varieties will lessen yield losses. Recently, studies conducted worldwide have explored the potential of small RNA as an efficient and environmentally friendly approach for combating grey mould. However, additional research is necessary, especially on risk assessment and regulatory frameworks, to fully harness the potential of this technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Singh
- Department of Plant ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Celine Caseys
- Department of Plant ScienceUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
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Tang T, Wang Y, Niu D. Application of dsRNA for Fungi Disease Management Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2771:127-132. [PMID: 38285399 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3702-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea are two closely related necrotrophic plant pathogenic fungi that have garnered significant attention due to their broad host range and persistent environmental presence. The use of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) to inhibit specific genes has demonstrated promising potential in disease management. Various RNA interference (RNAi) strategies have been developed and applied in disease management, including the use of dsRNA to silence specific genes, as well as other RNA-based approaches. These strategies show promise in controlling fungal diseases and have the potential for broader application in plant protection. Here, we present a protocol that outlines techniques for preparing dsRNA and spraying it directly to control fungal diseases. This protocol offers a practical and effective solution for managing plant diseases and has the potential to be widely applied in disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Yumeng Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongdong Niu
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China.
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Ren W, Han W, Huan T, Zhu M, Zhang Y, Li B, Liu N. A new point mutation (D1158N) in histidine kinase Bos1 confers high-level resistance to fludioxonil in field gray mold disease. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105750. [PMID: 38225093 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Gray mold, caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, is one of the most important plant diseases worldwide that is prone to developing resistance to fungicides. Currently, the phenylpyrrole fungicide fludioxonil exhibits excellent efficacy in the control of gray mold in China. In this study, we detected the fludioxonil resistance of gray mold disease in Shouguang City of Shandong Province, where we first found fludioxonil-resistant isolates of B. cinerea in 2014. A total of 87 single spore isolates of B. cinerea were obtained from cucumbers in greenhouse, and 3 of which could grow on PDA plates amended with 50 μg/mL fludioxonil that was defined as high-level resistance, with a resistance frequency of 3.4%. Furthermore, the 3 fludioxonil-resistant isolates also showed high-level resistance to the dicarboximide fungicides iprodione and procymidone. Sequencing comparison revealed that all the 3 fludioxonil-resistant isolates had a point mutation at codon 1158, GAC (Asp) → AAC (Asn) in the histidine kinase Bos1, which was proved to be the reason for fludioxonil resistance. In addition, the fludioxonil-resistant isolates possessed an impaired biological fitness compared to the sensitive isolates based on the results of mycelial growth, conidiation, virulence, and osmotic stress tolerance determination. Taken together, our results indicate that the high-level resistance to fludioxonil caused by the Bos1 point mutation (D1158N) has emerged in the field gray mold disease, and the resistance risk is relatively high, and fludioxonil should be used sparingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Wenjiao Han
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tinghua Huan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Meiqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Baohua Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Na Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong Province, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Su L, Zhang T, Yang B, Bai Y, Fang W, Xiong J, Cheng ZM(M. The Botrytis cinerea effector BcXYG1 suppresses immunity in Fragaria vesca by targeting FvBPL4 and FvACD11. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad251. [PMID: 38304330 PMCID: PMC10831327 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is one of the most destructive pathogens in strawberry cultivation. Successful infection by B. cinerea requires releasing a large number of effectors that interfere with the plant's immune system. One of the effectors required by B. cinerea for optimal virulence is the secreted protein BcXYG1, which is thought to associate with proteins near the plasma membrane of the host plant to induce necrosis. However, the host proteins that associate with BcXYG1 at the plasma membrane are currently unknown. We found that BcXYG1 binds to FvBPL4 and FvACD11 at the plasma membrane. Both FvBPL4 and FvACD11 are negative regulators of plant immunity in strawberry. Our results demonstrate that degradation of FvBPL4 by BcXYG1 promotes disease resistance while stabilization of FvACD11 by BcXYG1 suppresses the immune response. These findings suggest that BcXYG1 suppresses plant immunity and promotes B. cinerea infection by regulating FvBPL4 and FvACD11 protein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyao Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bin Yang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yibo Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wanping Fang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingsong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zong-Ming (Max) Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Contreras-Soto MB, Tovar-Pedraza JM. Viruses of plant-pathogenic fungi: a promising biocontrol strategy for Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:38. [PMID: 38142438 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03774-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant pathogenic fungi pose a significant and ongoing threat to agriculture and food security, causing economic losses and significantly reducing crop yields. Effectively managing these fungal diseases is crucial for sustaining agricultural productivity, and in this context, mycoviruses have emerged as a promising biocontrol option. These viruses alter the physiology of their fungal hosts and their interactions with the host plants. This review encompasses the extensive diversity of reported mycoviruses, including their taxonomic classification and range of fungal hosts. We highlight representative examples of mycoviruses that affect economically significant plant-pathogenic fungi and their distinctive characteristics, with a particular emphasis on mycoviruses impacting Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. These mycoviruses exhibit significant potential for biocontrol, supported by their specificity, efficacy, and environmental safety. This positions mycoviruses as valuable tools in crop protection against diseases caused by this pathogen, maintaining their study and application as promising research areas in agricultural biotechnology. The remarkable diversity of mycoviruses, coupled with their ability to infect a broad range of plant-pathogenic fungi, inspires optimism, and suggests that these viruses have the potential to serve as an effective management strategy against major fungi-causing plant diseases worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Belia Contreras-Soto
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Coordinación Regional Culiacán, 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Tovar-Pedraza
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Coordinación Regional Culiacán, 80110, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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Russo A, Winkler JB, Ghirardo A, Monti MM, Pollastri S, Ruocco M, Schnitzler JP, Loreto F. Interaction with the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana influences tomato phenome and promotes resistance to Botrytis cinerea infection. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1309747. [PMID: 38173923 PMCID: PMC10762804 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1309747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Plants are central to complex networks of multitrophic interactions. Increasing evidence suggests that beneficial microorganisms (BMs) may be used as plant biostimulants and pest biocontrol agents. We investigated whether tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants are thoroughly colonized by the endophytic and entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana, and how such colonization affects physiological parameters and the phenotype of plants grown under unstressed conditions or exposed to the pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. As a positive control, a strain of the well-known biocontrol agent and growth inducer Trichoderma afroharzianum was used. As multitrophic interactions are often driven by (or have consequences on) volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by plants constitutively or after induction by abiotic or biotic stresses, VOC emissions were also studied. Both B. bassiana and T. afroharzianum induced a significant but transient (one to two-day-long) reduction of stomatal conductance, which may indicate rapid activation of defensive (rejection) responses, but also limited photosynthesis. At later stages, our results demonstrated a successful and complete plant colonization by B. bassiana, which induced higher photosynthesis and lower respiration rates, improved growth of roots, stems, leaves, earlier flowering, higher number of fruits and yield in tomato plants. Beauveria bassiana also helped tomato plants fight B. cinerea, whose symptoms in leaves were almost entirely relieved with respect to control plants. Less VOCs were emitted when plants were colonized by B. bassiana or infected by B. cinerea, alone or in combination, suggesting no activation of VOC-dependent defensive mechanisms in response to both fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Russo
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Portici, Italy
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Portici, Italy
| | - Jana Barbro Winkler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Ghirardo
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Maurilia M. Monti
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Portici, Italy
| | - Susanna Pollastri
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Portici, Italy
| | - Michelina Ruocco
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Portici, Italy
| | - Jörg-Peter Schnitzler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Francesco Loreto
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Portici, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Niu X, Wang Z, Wang C, Wang H. Dibenzylideneacetone Overcomes Botrytis cinerea Infection in Cherry Tomatoes by Inhibiting Chitinase Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19422-19433. [PMID: 37915214 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c05695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Chitinase, a crucial component of the fungal cell wall and septa, plays an important role in fungal germination by hydrolyzing chitin to provide carbon and energy for fungal growth and reproduction. In this study, we initially screened dibenzylideneacetone (DBA), a small molecule with inhibitory activity against Botrytis cinerea Chitinase, exhibiting an IC50 of 13.10 μg/mL. By constructing a three-dimensional (3D) model of the B. cinerea Chitinase and utilizing computational biology approaches, we found DBA bound to the active site pocket and formed strong π-π interactions and hydrophobic interactions with Chitinase, indicative of its competitive inhibitory mode. Site-directed mutagenesis also revealed that TRP-382, TRP-135, and ALA-215 were key amino acid residues involved in DBA binding. Subsequent antifungal assays showed that DBA had an MIC of 32 μg/mL against B. cinerea and EC50 values of 16.29 and 14.64 μg/mL in inhibiting mycelial growth and spore germination, respectively. Importantly, in vivo experiments demonstrated that DBA treatment significantly extended the shelf life of cherry tomatoes by 2-fold. Therefore, DBA represents a promising antifungal agent for fruit preservation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Niu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Ziyou Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
| | - Hongsu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P. R. China
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