1
|
Chen D, Wang S, Yang W, Lu H, Ren Q. Obesity, abdominal obesity, metabolic obesity phenotypes, and Helicobacter pylori infection: results from NHANES 1999-2000. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:676. [PMID: 38971751 PMCID: PMC11227695 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies on the association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and obesity have reported conflicting results. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to investigate the association of obesity, abdominal obesity, and metabolic obesity phenotypes with H. pylori infection. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 1568 participants aged 20 to 85 was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycle 1999-2000. Logistic regression models were employed to evaluate the association of general obesity as defined by body mass index (BMI), abdominal obesity as defined by waist circumference (WC) and waist-height ratio (WHtR), and metabolic obesity phenotypes with H. pylori seropositivity. Subgroup analyses stratified by age were conducted to explore age-specific differences in this association. RESULTS After grouping individuals according to their WHtR, the prevalence rate of WHtR ≥ 0.5 in H. pylori-seropositive participants was significantly higher than that in H. pylori-seronegative participants (79.75 vs. 68.39, P < 0.001). The prevalence of H. pylori seropositivity in non-abdominal obesity and abdominal obesity defined by WHtR was 24.97% and 31.80%, respectively (P < 0.001). In the subgroup analysis, the adjusted association between abdominal obesity, as defined by the WHtR, and H. pylori seropositivity was significant in subjects aged < 50 years (OR = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.24-4.01; P = 0.01) but not in subjects aged ≥ 50 years (OR = 0.84; 95% CI, 0.35-1.99; P = 0.66). Subjects older than 50 years old had an OR (95% CI) for metabolically healthy obesity of 0.04 (0.01-0.35) compared with the control group. H. pylori seropositivity was consistently not associated with obesity as defined by BMI. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal obesity, as defined by the WHtR, was associated with H. pylori infection in subjects aged ≤ 50 years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danni Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shiling Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Wei Yang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hong Lu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qian Ren
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Gansu Province Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Lanzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gildner TE, Urlacher SS, Nemeth KL, Beauregard JA, Pfaff Nash M, Zhang A, Waimon S, Cepon-Robins TJ. Dual burden of infectious and chronic disease in low-resource U.S. communities: examining relationships between infection, adiposity, and inflammation. Ann Hum Biol 2024; 51:2368851. [PMID: 38934696 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2024.2368851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rising global obesity rates are linked with inflammation and associated morbidities. These negative outcomes are generally more common in low-resource communities within high-income countries; however, it is unclear how frequent infectious disease exposures in these settings may influence the relationship between adiposity and inflammation. AIM We test associations between adiposity measures and distinct forms of inflammation among adults (n = 80) living in low-resource U.S. communities experiencing high levels of obesity and pathogen exposure. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Adiposity measures included BMI and percent body fat. Inflammation measures included systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP]) and localised intestinal inflammation (faecal calprotectin [FC]). The relationship between a condition characterised by elevated inflammation (Helicobacter pylori infection) and adiposity was also considered. RESULTS Adiposity was not significantly related to FC concentration. However, both adiposity measures were positively related with odds of CRP elevation and H. pylori infection was associated with significantly lower adiposity measures (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION For this disadvantaged U.S. sample, the association between adiposity and inflammation varies by the systemic/localised nature of inflammation and the likely underlying cause of inflammation. Defining these associations will improve understanding of how rising obesity rates shape long-term health inequities, with implications for more effective intervention design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa E Gildner
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Samuel S Urlacher
- Department of Anthropology, Baylor University, Waco, TX, USA
- Child and Brain Development Program, CIFAR, Toronto, Canada
| | - Katherine L Nemeth
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jade A Beauregard
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Angela Zhang
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Sophie Waimon
- Department of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tara J Cepon-Robins
- Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tali LDN, Faujo GFN, Konang JLN, Dzoyem JP, Kouitcheu LBM. Relationship between active Helicobacter pylori infection and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases, a cross-sectional hospital-based study in a Sub-Saharan setting. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:731. [PMID: 36096730 PMCID: PMC9469600 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07718-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic inflammation has been reported as one of the novel coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors. Knowing that Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) provokes a local inflammation, the relationship between H. pylori infection and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has received considerable attention. However, the attempt to demonstrate the association between H. pylori and specific cardiovascular disease risk factors is always a challenging issue due to the conflicting reports in the literatures. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of 363 consecutive dyspeptic subjects in three reference health facilities in Cameroon from October 2020 to October 2021. Each participation gave a written consent and the study was approved by the local Ethical Committee. Check-up for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors such as dyslipidemia-related parameters, obesity-related parameter, high blood pressure as well as H. pylori detection was done for each participant. Data was analyzed using SSPS statistical package. Results Helicobacter pylori infection was significantly associated with higher total cholesterol level (OR: 2.3324, p = 0.0002) and higher LDL cholesterol level (OR: 2.3096, p = 0.0006). The crude OR of H. pylori status on the prevalence of high body mass index (BMI) was 1.0813 (p = 0.7300) and the adjusted OR for confounding factors was 1.1785 (p = 0.5095). The strength of the association between H. pylori infection and blood pressure, shows an OR of 1.3807 (p = 0.2991), 1.0060 (p = 0.9855) and 1.4646 (p = 0.2694) for diastolic pressure, hypertension and high heart rate respectively, while that of systolic pressure was 0.8135 (p = 0.4952). H. pylori infection is associated with dyslipidemia in our milieu.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Danny Nguefak Tali
- Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Ghislaine Florice Nintewoue Faujo
- Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Jean Paul Dzoyem
- Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Laure Brigitte Mabeku Kouitcheu
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baradaran A, Dehghanbanadaki H, Naderpour S, Pirkashani LM, Rajabi A, Rashti R, Riahifar S, Moradi Y. The association between Helicobacter pylori and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies. Clin Diabetes Endocrinol 2021; 7:15. [PMID: 34243821 PMCID: PMC8272347 DOI: 10.1186/s40842-021-00131-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The relationship between H. pylori infection and obesity development has remained controversial among various studies. The aim of this study was to clarify the pooled effect of H. pylori infection on the development of obesity and vice versa. METHODS We searched international databases including Medline (PubMed), Web of sciences, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane, Ovid, and CINHAL to retrieve all case-control studies reporting the effect of H. pylori on obesity and vice versa, which had been published in English between January 1990 and June 2019. The quality of included studies was assessed by the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Case-Control studies. The logarithm of the odds ratio (OR) and its standard error was used for the meta-analysis. RESULTS Eight case-control studies with 25,519 participants were included for qualitative and quantitative analyses. The pooled analysis showed that obese participants had a higher risk of H. pylori infection than lean participants with an odds ratio of 1.46 (95%CI: 1.26, 1.68). Also, the pooled analysis revealed that participants infected by H. pylori had a higher risk of obesity than non-infected participants with an odds ratio of 1.01 (95%CI: 1.01, 1.02). CONCLUSION The results of this meta-analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the risk of H. pylori infection and the prevalence of obesity development. Thus, H. pylori positive patients were more likely to be obese, and obese individuals had higher risks of H. pylori infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Baradaran
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojat Dehghanbanadaki
- Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Naderpour
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Mohammadi Pirkashani
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abdolhalim Rajabi
- Department of Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Roya Rashti
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, 66179-13446 Iran
| | - Sevda Riahifar
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Moradi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, 66179-13446 Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Effect of Helicobacter Pylori Infection on Nutritional Status in Polish Teenagers. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2021; 2021:6678687. [PMID: 33859683 PMCID: PMC8024096 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6678687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Data on an association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and nutritional status in children are conflicting. We designed a large-sampled prospective community-based study to examine the differences in average body indices among Polish teenagers depending on their H. pylori status. Methods From September 2008 to June 2015, 3067 second junior high school students aged between 13 and 17 years (mean age: 14.5) from 11 randomly selected schools from Grudziadz, Poland, were recruited. For the cohort, 13C urea breath test for current H. pylori infection was performed and data on anthropometric measurements and sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Z scores of height for age (HAZ), weight for age (WAZ), and BMI for age (BMIZ) were calculated. Results The H. pylori colonisation rate was 23.6% with no gender difference. Compared to noninfected, H. pylori infected had significantly lower mean WAZ (0.0085) and BMIZ scores (p = 0.0246). Univariate linear regression models showed that living in the old town district and consumption of tap water were negative predictors of HAZ, living in the old town district, using collective catering facilities, and H. pylori infection were negative predictors of WAZ, and using collective catering facilities and H. pylori infection were negative predictors of BMIZ. In the multiple regression analyses, living in the old town district (p = 0.0039), using collective catering facilities (p < 0.0001), and H. pylori infection (p = 0.0269) were confirmed to be independently associated with lower WAZ, whereas using collective catering facilities (p < 0.0001) and H. pylori infection (p = 0.0265) were confirmed to be independently associated also with lower BMIZ. Conclusion Our finding confirms the evidence on independent negative influence of H. pylori infection on nutritional status in Polish teenagers.
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang J, Chen Y, Chen W, Xu H, Wang H, Chen L, Ye Y, Wang Z, Ye J. Persistent infection of Helicobacter pylori affects weight loss in obese population compared with persistent negative: A case-control study based on healthy Chinese. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12697. [PMID: 32410350 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) and body mass index (BMI) is still inconclusive. Not only the high rate of H pylori infection but also the increasing higher BMI levels are endangering Chinese today. METHODS The aim of this research was to evaluate the association between different situations of H pylori infection and BMI values or levels in Chinese healthy population. A total of 39 091 individuals aged from 18 years to 80 years, performed healthy examination including a 13 C/14 C urease breath test (13 C/14 C-UBT), were included. Among them, 30 224 individuals only had one time of health examination, and 8867 had two or more times. A case-cohort data of 8752 with an interval time more than 6 months, collected by the first and the last time, were established from the latter. BMI groups are classified according to the China recommendation: low weight (<18.5 kg/m2 ), normal weight (18.5 ~ 23.9 kg/m2 ), overweight (24.0 ~ 27.9 kg/m2 ), and obesity (≥28.0 kg/m2 ). RESULTS The rate of H pylori infection among low weight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity was 43.2%, 44.7%, 46.4%, and 48.0%, respectively (P = .000). H pylori infection increased the risk of higher level of BMI (OR = 1.077, 95% confidence interval = 1.036-1.119, χ2 = 14.048, P = .000) with adjustments for sex and age. In the case-control study, the rate of persistent negative, persistent infection, new infection, and eradicated infection was 39.5%, 25.8%, 15.8%, and 18.9%, respectively, with a median interval time of 13 months. The mean obesity BMI descend values in the persistent negative subgroup were lower than those in the persistent infection subgroup (-0.21 ± 1.19 kg/m2 vs -0.003 ± 1.01 kg/m2 , P = .021). But the change of BMI classifications had no difference between the subgroups of H pylori infection in different BMI levels. CONCLUSIONS H pylori infection was positively correlated with higher BMI levels. And H pylori persistent infection had a negative effect on the fall of BMI values in Chinese obese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinshun Zhang
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China
| | - Yahong Chen
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China
| | - Weiling Chen
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China
| | - Hongfang Xu
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China
| | - Huihong Wang
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China
| | - Yafei Ye
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China
| | - Zhongtai Wang
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China
| | - Juanjuan Ye
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital, Linhai, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Central obesity is associated with helicobacter pylori infection: a large-scale cross-sectional retrospective study in West China. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-019-00765-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
8
|
Chen LW, Kuo SF, Chen CH, Chien CH, Lin CL, Chien RN. A community-based study on the association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and obesity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10746. [PMID: 30013128 PMCID: PMC6048143 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28792-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection can induce chronic inflammation and is associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) changes. This study aimed to evaluate the association between H. pylori infection and overweight/obesity. This research was a cross-sectional study conducted from March 2014 to November 2016, using data from the three districts in the northeastern region of Taiwan. The inclusion criteria were an age >30 years and the absence of pregnancy. Ultimately, 2686 subjects (1713 women) were included in this study. Among the subjects aged less than 50 years, the subjects with H. pylori infection had higher mean BMI values than those without H. pylori infection (40-49 years: 25.7 ± 4.4 vs. 24.7 ± 3.8, P = 0.025; 30-39 years: 24.9 ± 4.4 vs. 24.0 ± 4.1, P = 0.063). H. pylori infection increased the risk of being obese 2 (BMI ≥30) (odds ratio, OR = 1.836, 95% CI = 1.079-3.125, P = 0.025) with adjustments for demographic factors in subjects aged less than 50 years. In conclusions, subjects with H. pylori infection and age less than 50 years may increase a risk of being obesity (BMI ≥30) compared to those without this type of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Fong Kuo
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hung Chen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Chien
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Lang Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Rong-Nan Chien
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan. .,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kouitcheu Mabeku LB, Noundjeu Ngamga ML, Leundji H. Potential risk factors and prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among adult patients with dyspepsia symptoms in Cameroon. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:278. [PMID: 29907086 PMCID: PMC6003128 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is a Gram negative bacterium that colonizes the stomach of approximately two-thirds of the human population and it is involved in the pathogenesis of gastroduodenal diseases. This study sought to determine potential risk factors associated with seroprevalence of H. pylori among dyspepsia patients in Cameroon for a better management of the disease. METHODS The study was carried out from August to December 2014 at Laquintinie Hospital and District Hospital of Bonassama in Douala metropolis. 205 patients (127 women and 78 men; mean age, 53.79 ± 11.11 years; range, 35-75 years) were enrolled. Each subject gave a written consent. The study was approved by the local Ethical Committee of Medical Sciences. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic parameters and predisposing risk factors for Helicobacter pylori infection. For each patient, body mass index (BMI) and direct inquiry about dyspeptic symptoms were done. Blood samples were tested for H. pylori antibodies, and ABO/Rhesus blood group antigen typing was performed. RESULTS The overall prevalence was 64.39%. All patients with upper abdominal pains and frequent burping were H. pylori seropositive. We found that infection takes place early in childhood and adolescence, and reaches its peak at adulthood at 35 to 44 years. Sixty-two percent of women over 68 of men were infected. 80.39% of patients with family history of gastric cancer were seropositive, while 19.60% were seronegative (p = 0.001). Prevalence of 79.09 and 47.4% was recorded respectively for subjects with low, middle and high income levels (p = 0.001). H. pylori infection rate was 60.48% in blood group O patients compared with 70.37% in other blood groups (p = 0.203). 73% of infected subjects over 59% of uninfected ones currently take NSAIDs (p = 0.0509). Overcrowded households have a higher rate of 65.32% seropositivity in contrast with a lower rate of 33.33% from norm household (p = 0.197). 69.29% of obese and overweight patients versus 58.24% of subjects with normal weight were seropositive (P = 0.215). CONCLUSION The results of this study demonstrate that low income, family history of gastric cancer, clinical symptoms of nausea/vomiting and flatulence/bloating were risk factors of H. pylori infection in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Brigitte Kouitcheu Mabeku
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, University of Dschang, P. O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Michelle Larissa Noundjeu Ngamga
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Microbiology and Pharmacology Laboratory, University of Dschang, P. O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Hubert Leundji
- Gastroenterology Department, Laquintinie Hospital of Douala, P. O. Box 4035, Douala, Cameroon
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Helicobacter pylori infection is positively associated with an increased BMI, irrespective of socioeconomic status and other confounders: a cohort study. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018; 30:143-148. [PMID: 29120907 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000001014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data on the association of Helicobacter pylori infection and BMI are conflicting. The fact that both H. pylori infection and BMI are associated with low socioeconomic status (SES) makes this relationship difficult to characterize. MATERIALS AND METHODS We aimed to evaluate the association between BMI and H. pylori infection after adjusting for multiple covariates. We analyzed a cohort of 235 107 individuals aged 18 years or older, who performed a C urease breath test (C-UBT), from 2007 to 2014. Data on BMI, age, sex, SES, ethnicity, and medications were extracted from a nationwide population-based database. BMIs were classified according to the WHO recommendations: underweight (<18.5 kg/m), normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m), obese class I (30-34.9 kg/m), and obese class II or more (>35 kg/m). STUDY RESULTS The positivity rate for H. pylori among underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese class I and class II or more was 55.6, 58.5, 63.0, 64.5, and 65.5%, respectively (P<0.001, Plinear trend 0.007). The association between BMI and H. pylori infection was significant across all SES, sex, ethnicity, and age categories. After adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and SES, being overweight and obese class I and class II or more were associated significantly with H. pylori positivity: odds ratio 1.13 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.15], 1.14 (95% CI: 1.11-1.17), and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.11-1.19), respectively, P value less than 0.001 for all. CONCLUSION Among individuals who were referred to a C-UBT by primary care physician, after adjusting for multiple covariates including SES, we found a positive association between H. pylori infection and an increased BMI.
Collapse
|
11
|
The Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Estonian Bariatric Surgery Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020338. [PMID: 29364158 PMCID: PMC5855560 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is one of the most important human pathogens that can cause duodenal and gastric ulcers, gastritis and stomach cancer. Hp infection is considered to be a cause of limiting access to bariatric surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Hp in patients with obesity going into bariatric surgery and to reveal the relationship between Hp and clinical data. The study group was formed of 68 preoperative bariatric surgery patients (body mass index (BMI) 44.7 ± 4.8). Gastric biopsies (antrum and corpus) were used for histological and molecular (caqA and glmM genes) examinations. The PCR method revealed Hp infection in 64.7% of obese patients that is higher in comparison with histological analysis (55.9%). The prevalence of cagA and glmM genes in antrum mucosa was 45.6% and 47.0% while in the corpus it was 41.2% and 38.3%, respectively. The coincidence of both cagA and glmM virulence genes in the antrum and corpus mucosa was 33.8% and 22.1%, respectively. Either of the genes was found in 58.8% of antrum and 57.3% of corpus mucosa. Presence of caqA and glmM genes was in association with active and atrophic chronic gastritis. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that two thirds of morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery are infected with Hp and have a high prevalence of cagA and glmM virulence genes that points out the necessity for diagnostics and treatment of this infection before surgery.
Collapse
|
12
|
Helicobacter pylori colonization and obesity - a Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14467. [PMID: 29089580 PMCID: PMC5663904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14106-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with substantial morbidity, costs, and decreased life expectancy, and continues to rise worldwide. While etiological understanding is needed for prevention, epidemiological studies indicated that colonization with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) may affect body mass index (BMI), but with inconsistent results. Here, we examine the relationship between H. pylori colonization and BMI/obesity. Cross-sectional analyses were performed in two independent population-based cohorts of elderly from the Netherlands and Germany (n = 13,044). Genetic risk scores were conducted based on genetic loci associated with either H. pylori colonization or BMI/obesity. We performed a bi-directional Mendelian randomization. Meta-analysis of cross-sectional data revealed no association between anti-H. pylori IgG titer and BMI, nor of H. pylori positivity and BMI. Anti-H. pylori IgG titer was negatively associated with obesity (OR 0.99972; 95% CI 0.99946-0.99997, p = 0.03) and with obesity classes (Beta −6.91 •10−5; 95% CI −1.38•10−4, −5.49•10−7, p = 0.048), but the magnitude of these effects was limited. Mendelian randomization showed no causal relation between H. pylori genetic risk score and BMI/obesity, nor between BMI or obesity genetic risk scores and H. pylori positivity. This study provides no evidence for a clinically relevant association between H. pylori and BMI/obesity.
Collapse
|
13
|
Levi Z, Kark JD, Twig G, Katz L, Leiba A, Derazne E, Tzur D, Liphshitz I, Keinan-Boker L, Afek A. Body mass index at adolescence and risk of noncardia gastric cancer in a cohort of 1.79 million men and women. Cancer 2017; 124:356-363. [PMID: 29053193 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.31049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed adolescent predictors of noncardia gastric cancer (NCGC) with a focus on the body mass index (BMI) in late adolescence. METHODS This study analyzed a cohort of 1,087,358 Israeli Jewish males and 707,212 Israeli Jewish females who underwent a compulsory physical examination between the ages of 16 and 19 years from 1967 to 2002. By linkage to the national cancer registry, participants were followed for NCGC through December 31, 2012. With a median follow-up of 23 years, 515 NCGC cases occurred (379 men and 136 women), and the median age was 47.0 years (interquartile range, 39.3-53.4 years). Multivariate-adjusted Cox regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for NCGC according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention BMI percentiles at the baseline (normal weight, 5th to <85th percentile; overweight, 85th to <95th percentile; and obesity, ≥95th percentile) as well as the country of birth, residential socioeconomic status (SES), and education. RESULTS In comparison with normal weight, adolescent obesity, but not overweight, was associated in both men and women with the risk of subsequent NCGC (unadjusted HR, 1.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.25-3.06; adjusted HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.12-2.83). Immigration from the former Soviet Union (FSU), a low education level, and a low residential SES were also associated with the risk for NCGC with adjusted HRs of 2.67 (95% CI, 1.86-3.83), 1.85 (95% CI, 1.53-2.25), and 1.48 (95% CI, 1.13-1.93), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that adolescent obesity, but not overweight, is associated with an increased risk for NCGC. Immigration from the FSU, a low residential SES, and a low education level are also significantly associated with the risk for NCGC. Cancer 2018;124:356-63. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohar Levi
- Gastroenterology Department, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jeremy D Kark
- Hadassah School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gilad Twig
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior Katz
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi Leiba
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Dorit Tzur
- Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | | | - Arnon Afek
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Israel Ministry of Health, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Choi JS, Ko KO, Lim JW, Cheon EJ, Lee GM, Yoon JM. The Association between Helicobacter pylori Infection and Body Weight among Children. Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2016; 19:110-5. [PMID: 27437187 PMCID: PMC4942308 DOI: 10.5223/pghn.2016.19.2.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We performed to reveal the association between the Helicobacter pylori infection and body weight among children. METHODS Out retrospective study included patients who underwent the H. pylori immunoglobulin G testing at Konyang University Hospital between March 2011 and June 2014. These patients were classified as seropositive (28 boys, 27 girls; mean age: 9.89±3.28 years) or seronegative (55 boys, 54 girls; mean age: 9.84±3.02 years). Next, we compared various characteristics between the seropositive and negative groups, as well as between obese children (body weight ≥90th percentile) and non-obese children (body weight <90th percentile). Furthermore, we compared the change in body weight after 2 months of treatment with amoxicillin, clarithromycin and omeprazole among the 55 seropositive children (14 treated children and 41 non-treated children). RESULTS There were no differences in the weights and laboratory data for the 55 seropositive children and 109 seronegative children (weight; 40.96±18.11 kg vs. 36.85±13.72 kg, respectively; p=0.14). And, there was no difference in the prevalence of H. pylori infection among the 29 obese and 135 non-obese children (p=0.581). However, after 2 months of eradication, the 14 treated patients exhibited a significant weight gain (+0.91±0.52 kg), compared to the 41 non-treated patients (-0.29±1.16 kg, p=0.025). CONCLUSION Our findings present that obesity was not associated with the H. pylori infection, although H. pylori eradication led to significant increase in body weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sik Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung Og Ko
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Lim
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Cheon
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gyung Min Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung Min Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dhurandhar NV, Bailey D, Thomas D. Interaction of obesity and infections. Obes Rev 2015; 16:1017-29. [PMID: 26354800 DOI: 10.1111/obr.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence that certain infections may induce obesity. Obese persons may also have more severe infections and have compromised response to therapies. The objective of this study is to review the available literature identifying infections that potentially contribute to greater body mass index (BMI) and differential responses of overweight and obese persons to infections. A systematic literature review of human studies examining associations between infections and weight gain, differential susceptibility, severity, and response to prevention and treatment of infection according to BMI status (January 1980-July 2014) was conducted. Three hundred and forty-three studies were eligible for inclusion. Evidence indicated that viral infection by human adenovirus Ad36 and antibiotic eradication of Helicobacter pylori were followed by weight gain. People who were overweight or obese had higher susceptibility to developing post-surgical infections, H1N1 influenza and periodontal disease. More severe infections tended to be present in people with a larger BMI. People with a higher BMI had a reduced response to vaccinations and antimicrobial drugs. Higher doses of antibiotics were more effective in obese patients. Infections may influence BMI, and BMI status may influence response to certain infections, as well as to preventive and treatment measures. These observations have potential clinical implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N V Dhurandhar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - D Bailey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - D Thomas
- Center for Quantitative Obesity Research, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Olefson S, Moss SF. Obesity and related risk factors in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma. Gastric Cancer 2015; 18:23-32. [PMID: 25209115 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-014-0425-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over recent decades, the incidence of cancers of the gastroesophageal junction, including gastric cardia tumors, has increased markedly. This is a trend that has been well documented, especially in studies from the USA and northern Europe that have also demonstrated a concomitant rise in the ratio of cardia to distal gastric cancers. The rise in the prevalence of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma has been paralleled by the worldwide obesity epidemic, with almost all epidemiological studies reporting increased body mass index and obesity increase the risk of cardia cancer development. However, the strength of this association is less marked than the link between obesity and esophageal adenocarcinoma, and the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Other possible confounders of the relationship between obesity and cardia cancer include the decline in Helicobacter pylori infection and the widespread use of proton pump inhibitors, although these have rarely been controlled for in case-control and cohort studies investigating associations between obesity and cardia cancer. We review these epidemiological trends and discuss proposed mechanisms for the association, drawing attention to controversies over the difficulty of defining cardia cancer. The relative paucity of high-quality epidemiological studies from other regions of the world should prompt further investigation of this issue, especially in populations undergoing rapid socioeconomic change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sidney Olefson
- Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xu C, Yan M, Sun Y, Joo J, Wan X, Yu C, Wang Q, Shen C, Chen P, Li Y, Coleman WG. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and its relation with body mass index in a Chinese population. Helicobacter 2014; 19:437-42. [PMID: 25256639 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection is highly prevalent worldwide. The association between obesity and H. pylori infection is controversial in the literature. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of H. pylori infection and its relation with body mass index (BMI) in a Chinese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among adults who underwent health checkups at the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University in 2013. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was examined by (13)C urea breath tests, and the association between prevalence of H. pylori infection and BMI was analyzed. RESULTS Of the 8820 participants enrolled, 3859 (43.8%) were positive for H. pylori infection. H. pylori-positive participants had a more unfavorable metabolic profile than H. pylori-negative participants. Overweight/obese participants showed a higher prevalence of H. pylori infection than that of lean participants, and a positive linear correlation between BMI and prevalence of H. pylori infection was observed. Both unadjusted and adjusted analysis revealed that BMI was significantly associated with risk factors of H. pylori infection. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that BMI was significantly and positively associated with H. pylori infection, and a high BMI was associated with an increased risk of the infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Cluster, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Genetics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Moretti E, Gonnelli S, Campagna M, Nuti R, Collodel G, Figura N. Influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on metabolic parameters and body composition of dyslipidemic patients. Intern Emerg Med 2014; 9:767-72. [PMID: 24419742 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-013-1043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection may contribute to the development of extra-gastroduodenal diseases. The aim of this study was to explore whether this infection could influence metabolic parameters and body composition of dyslipidemic patients. In an 8-month period, 155 patients attended our clinic; 110 patients (48 men and 62 women, age 35-55 years) fulfilled inclusion criteria. Metabolic parameters were determined by routine tests and body composition by anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis. The H. pylori and CagA infectious status were examined serologically. Sixty-one patients (55.4%) had serum antibodies to H. pylori and 30 infected patients (49.1%) had anti-CagA antibodies. The mean percentage of fat mass and level of high-density protein cholesterol in seropositive patients were significantly lower than those measured in seronegative ones (P = 0.008 and P < 0.001, respectively). The mean glucose concentration in patients with anti-H. pylori serum IgG was significantly higher than in uninfected patients (P = 0.021). No significant difference was observed regarding the other parameters. The CagA status did not influence any of the considered parameters. Our results are in agreement with those of other studies; however, the level of concordance of results reported in the various publications on this topic is very low, presumably from differences concerning the age, alimentary habits and possible presence of different pathologies in the groups studied. The most plausible hypothesis for the observed alterations may exist in the low-grade systemic inflammatory status of infected individuals, which may influence the fat turnover and support the insulin resistance with consequent alteration of glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Moretti
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Franceschi F, Tortora A, Di Rienzo T, D’Angelo G, Ianiro G, Scaldaferri F, Gerardi V, Tesori V, Lopetuso LR, Gasbarrini A. Role of Helicobacter pylori infection on nutrition and metabolism. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:12809-12817. [PMID: 25278679 PMCID: PMC4177464 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i36.12809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative pathogen that is widespread all over the world, infecting more than 50% of the world’s population. It is etiologically associated with non-atrophic and atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer and shows a deep association with primary gastric B-cell lymphoma and gastric adenocarcinoma. Recently, the medical research focused on the modification of the gastric environment induced by H. pylori infection, possibly affecting the absorption of nutrients and drugs as well as the production of hormones strongly implicated in the regulation of appetite and growth. Interestingly, the absorption of iron and vitamin B12 is impaired by H. pylori infection, while infected subjects have lower basal and fasting serum levels of ghrelin and higher concentration of leptin compared to controls. Since leptin is an anorexigenic hormone, and ghrelin stimulates powerfully the release of growth hormone in humans, H. pylori infection may finally induce growth retardation if acquired very early in the childhood and in malnourished children. This review is focused on the nutritional effects of H. pylori infection, such as the reduced bioavailability or the malabsorbption of essential nutrients, and of gastrointestinal hormones, as well as on the relationship between H. pylori and the metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
|
20
|
Lender N, Talley NJ, Enck P, Haag S, Zipfel S, Morrison M, Holtmann GJ. Review article: Associations between Helicobacter pylori and obesity--an ecological study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2014; 40:24-31. [PMID: 24832176 DOI: 10.1111/apt.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is emerging debate over the effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on body mass index (BMI). A recent study demonstrated that individuals who underwent H. pylori eradication developed significant weight gain as compared to subjects with untreated H. pylori colonisation. AIM To elucidate the association between H. pylori colonisation and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in developed countries. METHODS The literature was searched for publications reporting data on H. pylori prevalence rates and obesity prevalence rates. Studies selected reported H. pylori prevalence in random population samples with sample sizes of more than 100 subjects in developed countries (GDP >25,000 US$/person/year). Corresponding BMI distributions for corresponding countries and regions were identified. Nonparametric tests were used to compare the association between H. pylori and overweight and obesity rates. RESULTS Forty-nine studies with data from 10 European countries, Japan, the US and Australia were identified. The mean H. pylori rate was 44.1% (range 17-75%), the mean rates for obesity and overweight were 46.6 (± 16)% and 14.2 (± 8.9)%. The rate of obesity and overweight were inversely and significantly (r = 0.29, P < 0.001) correlated with the prevalence of H. pylori infection. CONCLUSIONS There is an inverse correlation between H. pylori prevalence and rate of overweight/obesity in countries of the developed world. Thus, the gradual decrease of the H. pylori colonisation that has been observed in recent decades (or factors associated with decrease of) could be causally related to the obesity endemic observed in the Western world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Lender
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Qld, Australia; Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine & Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Rossetti G, Moccia F, Marra T, Buonomo M, Pascotto B, Pezzullo A, Napolitano V, Schettino P, Avellino M, Conzo G, Amato B, Docimo G, Tolone S, Del Genio G, Docimo L, Fei L. Does helicobacter pylori infection have influence on outcome of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy for morbid obesity? Int J Surg 2014; 12 Suppl 1:S68-71. [PMID: 24862673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Among the surgical procedures for treatment of morbid obesity, laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy has known widespread diffusion in the last years, although it is not free from significant morbidity rates. Aim of this work is to evaluate the incidence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection on the postoperative outcome of patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. METHODS Between January 2008 and December 2013, 184 patients (65 males, 119 females), mean age 35.8 ± 5.7 years, affected with morbid obesity, mean BMI 46.6 ± 6.7, underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. All the specimens at the end of the operation were analysed by the same pathologist. Histological grading was based on the Sidney classification. RESULTS Seventy-two of the patients (39.1%) were HP positive, while 112 (60.9%) were negative. No significant differences were observed between the HP+ and HP- group in terms of age, sex, weight, BMI, incidence of comorbidities and duration of follow-up. All the operations were completed via laparoscopic approach. No mortality was observed. Postoperative complications occurred in 5 patients (2.7%): three leaks (1.6%), all in the HP- group and two bleedings (1.1%), one in the HP+ and one in the HP- group. In two cases a reintervention was necessary. No significant differences were observed in the morbidity rates between the two groups. Overall mean excess weight loss at 6 months, 12 months and 24 months was respectively 47.4 ± 11.3%, 61.1 ± 12.4% and 68.4 ± 13.5%, with no significant differences between the HP+ and HP- groups. CONCLUSIONS HP infection seems not to influence postoperative outcome of patients operated of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianluca Rossetti
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Marra
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mattia Buonomo
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Beniamino Pascotto
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Angelo Pezzullo
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Napolitano
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Schettino
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Manuela Avellino
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Conzo
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Bruno Amato
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Italy
| | - Giovanni Docimo
- Division of General and Bariatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Tolone
- Division of General and Bariatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Gianmattia Del Genio
- Division of General and Bariatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovico Docimo
- Division of General and Bariatric Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Landino Fei
- Department of Anaesthesiological, Surgical and Emergency Sciences, Division of Digestive Surgery, School of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Via Pansini Naples 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
He C, Yang Z, Lu NH. Helicobacter pylori infection and diabetes: Is it a myth or fact? World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:4607-4617. [PMID: 24782613 PMCID: PMC4000497 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i16.4607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common human bacterial pathogens, and infection causes a wide array of gastric disorders, including simple gastritis, peptic ulcers and gastric malignancies. Gastrointestinal inflammation caused by H. pylori can influence the absorption of glucose and lipids, which are also abnormal in diabetes mellitus. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), formerly known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus or adult-onset diabetes, is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. It is an emerging pandemic and is rapidly becoming a serious threat to public health. Emerging data now indicate a strong relationship between H. pylori infection and the incidence of T2DM. The mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of diabetes are complex, involving insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, insulin secretion deficiency as a result of pancreas β-cell dysfunction, glucotoxicity, and lipotoxicity. H. pylori infection is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, and the growing awareness of its role in diabetes is important for the early detection of glucose dysregulation and prevention of T2DM in high-risk communities. This review probes the possible relationship between H. pylori and diabetes according to epidemiological surveys and discusses putative mechanisms underlying this correlation.
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
There is a commonly held perception that Helicobacter pylori related diseases are declining, however these are still associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. In recent years worrying themes have emerged such as increasing levels of antibiotic resistance and falling cure rates which illustrate there is no room for complacency with respect to H. pylori. In addition there are many significant issues which have not been elucidated regarding the role played by H. pylori in very serious pathologies such as gastric and esophageal cancer and other more benign disorders common in the developed world such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia and perhaps obesity which carry a significant impact both economically and as regards to symptoms. Future guidelines aimed at European practitioners and patients will need to address the questions raised by these issues as well as the more familiar areas such as constituents and duration of therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony O'Connor
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in bariatric patients: a histologic assessment. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2012; 9:679-85. [PMID: 23246321 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on rates of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in morbidly obese patients awaiting bariatric surgery are conflicting because of small sample size and variability in diagnostic testing. The objective of this study was to determine the rate of biopsy-proven active HP infection in morbidly obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery. METHODS Retrospective analysis was done on all morbidly obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery between 2001 and 2009. All patients underwent preoperative upper endoscopy with biopsy to evaluate HP status. All endoscopies and surgeries were performed by a single endoscopist and surgeon, respectively. Data were analyzed with Student t test, Pearson χ(2) test, and logistic regression for multivariate analysis. RESULTS The 611 patients included 79 males (12.9%) and 532 females (87.1%). Mean age was 39.9 ± 10.7 years, and mean body mass index (BMI) was 47.8 ± 6.4 kg/m(2). The overall HP infection rate was 23.7%. Rate of infection did not differ between gender (22.8% in males, 23.9% in females; P = .479) or BMI (48.6 ± 6.5 kg/m(2) in HP-positive patients, 47.5 ± 6.4 kg/m(2) in HP-negative patients; P = .087). Patients with HP were older compared with those without infection (41.2 versus 38.7 years; P =.016). Hispanics had a higher prevalence of HP (OR 2.35; P = .023). CONCLUSION Increasing BMI is not an independent risk factor for active HP infection within the morbidly obese patient population. Need for invasive testing to detect HP infection in these patients should be re-evaluated. Other methods of detecting active HP infection should be considered as an alternative to invasive or serologic testing.
Collapse
|
25
|
Tan HJ, Goh KL. Extragastrointestinal manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection: facts or myth? A critical review. J Dig Dis 2012; 13:342-9. [PMID: 22713083 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2012.00599.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is reported to be associated with many extragastrointestinal manifestations, such as hematological diseases [idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and unexplained iron deficiency anemia (IDA)], cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart diseases), neurological disorders (stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease), obesity and skin disorders. Among these, the best evidence so far is in ITP and unexplained IDA, with high-quality studies showing the improvement of IDA and ITP after H. pylori eradication. The evidence of its association with coronary artery disease is weak and many of the results may be erroneous. The role of H. pylori infection in affecting serum leptin and ghrelin levels has attracted a lot of attention recently and available data to date have been conflicting. There have also been many uncontrolled, small sample studies suggesting an association between H. pylori infection and neurological disorders or chronic urticaria. However, more studies are required to clarify such proposed causal links.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huck-Joo Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sunway Medical Centre, Selangor Department of Gastroenterology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Afsar B, Elsurer R, Huddam B, Erden C. Helicobacter pylori Infection: Protective Against Increased Interdialytic Weight Gain in Asymptomatic Hemodialysis Patients? J Ren Nutr 2011; 21:322-8. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2010.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2010] [Revised: 06/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
|
27
|
Zou D, He J, Ma X, Liu W, Chen J, Shi X, Ye P, Gong Y, Zhao Y, Wang R, Yan X, Man X, Gao L, Dent J, Sung J, Wernersson B, Johansson S, Li Z. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastritis: the Systematic Investigation of gastrointestinaL diseases in China (SILC). J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011; 26:908-15. [PMID: 21198827 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06608.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Helicobacter pylori infection remains common in East Asia, though its prevalence is decreasing in Western countries. H. pylori-related atrophic gastritis (AG) may reduce the likelihood of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We investigated the prevalence of H. pylori infection and AG and their association with endoscopic findings and symptom-defined GERD in Shanghai. METHODS A representative random sample of 3600 Shanghai residents aged 18-80 years was invited to complete a general information questionnaire and a Chinese version of the Reflux Disease Questionnaire, to provide blood samples for H. pylori serology and pepsinogen (PG) I/II assay (to detect AG, defined as PGI < 70 µg/L and/or PGI/PGII < 7), and to undergo endoscopy. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 1022 Shanghai residents underwent endoscopy and were valid for inclusion in the study. Of these, 71.7% tested positive for H. pylori, 63.8% had AG and 30.5% had moderate/severe AG (PGI < 50 µg/L and/or PGI/PGII < 5). Helicobacter pylori infection was equally common in all age groups. Severity of AG increased with age in women. Reflux esophagitis was inversely associated with AG (OR, 0.23 [CI, 0.09-0.55] for moderate/severe AG compared with no H. pylori or gastritis). However, symptom-defined GERD showed no clear association with AG. CONCLUSIONS Helicobacter pylori infection and AG are very common in Shanghai, and the infection is acquired early in life. Atrophic gastritis is inversely associated with reflux esophagitis but is not significantly associated with symptom-defined GERD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duowu Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jeffery PL, McGuckin MA, Linden SK. Endocrine impact of Helicobacter pylori: Focus on ghrelin and ghrelin o-acyltransferase. World J Gastroenterol 2011; 17:1249-60. [PMID: 21455323 PMCID: PMC3068259 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v17.i10.1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Revised: 12/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/28/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin is predominantly produced by the gastric enteroendocrine cell compartment and is octanoylated by the recently discovered ghrelin o-acyltransferase (GOAT) before secretion into the bloodstream. This octanoylation is essential for many of the biological properties of ghrelin including appetite stimulation and anti-inflammatory properties as only the acylated form of ghrelin binds to the ghrelin receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R). Given the gastric location of ghrelin production, it is perhaps not surprising that insult to the gastric mucosa affects circulating ghrelin levels in humans. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infects more than fifty percent of the world’s population and once established within the gastric mucosa, can persist for life. Infection is associated with chronic gastritis, gastric atrophy and ulceration, reduced appetite and a lower body mass index (BMI). The large majority of studies investigating levels of circulating ghrelin and ghrelin expression in the stomach in patients with H. pylori infection indicate that the bacterium has a negative impact on ghrelin production and/or secretion. Eradication of infection restores ghrelin, improves appetite and increases BMI in some studies, however, a causative relationship between H. pylori-associated serum ghrelin decline and food intake and obesity has not been established. Most studies measure total ghrelin in the circulation although the measurement of the ratio of acyl/total ghrelin gives a clearer indication that the ghrelin acylation process is altered during infection and atrophy. GOAT is essential for the production of biologically-active, acyl ghrelin and the impact of H. pylori on GOAT expression and activity will be highly informative in the future.
Collapse
|
29
|
Figura N, Franceschi F, Santucci A, Bernardini G, Gasbarrini G, Gasbarrini A. Extragastric manifestations of Helicobacter pylori infection. Helicobacter 2010; 15 Suppl 1:60-8. [PMID: 21054655 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2010.00778.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The possible role of Helicobacter pylori as a trigger for some extragastric diseases has been largely investigated in the last year. There are, in fact, several studies concerning cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, diabetes mellitus, ear and eyes diseases, immunological and hematological disorders, liver and bile tract diseases, gynecological and respiratory tract pathologies. Among them, idiopathic sideropenic anemia and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura still remain the extragastric diseases showing the most convincing results. Concerning ischemic heart disease, there are new interesting data playing in favor of the association, even though there are still some open issues to be clarified. For the other diseases, more studies are needed to clarify the reality of the proposed association.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natale Figura
- Internal Medicine Department, University of Siena, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Arslan E, Atilgan H, Yavaşoğlu I. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in obese subjects. Eur J Intern Med 2009; 20:695-7. [PMID: 19818289 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2009.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2009] [Revised: 07/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are important because of the problems they lead and their frequency of occurrence. In this study, we aimed to find out the prevalence of H. pylori infection and the relationship between obesity and H. pylori in obese and normal weight subjects. METHODS A total of 214 subjects were (103 obese (71 male, 32 female), and 111 control (60 male, 51 female)) admitted to the study. Body mass indices (BMI) of all subjects were calculated and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), blood lipids and H. pylori positivity were studied. RESULTS The mean age of the obese and control groups was (24.3+/-5.4 yr), and (25.5+/-5.4 yr), and the mean BMI was (34.6+/-3.7 kg/m(2)), and (24.2+/-2.8 kg/m(2)) respectively. We didn't observe a significant difference between FPG, Total-C, and LDL-C levels of the obese and control groups, however there was a difference between gastrointestinal symptoms, sistolic and diastolic BP, TG and HDL-C levels. H. pylori prevalence was determined at 57.2% (59/103) in obese group and 27.0% (30/111) in control group (odds ratio=2.11; 95% CI, 1.49-3.00; p<0.001) and 41.5% (89/214) in all study population. CONCLUSION In our study, we determined that prevalence of H. pylori increased in subjects with obesity. We consider that obesity can be a risk factor for H. pylori infection. However, further studies evaluating more subjects are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erol Arslan
- Balmumcu Military Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mansour KB, Keita A, Zribi M, Masmoudi A, Zarrouk S, Labbene M, Kallel L, Karoui S, Fekih M, Matri S, Boubaker J, Cheikh I, Chouaib S, Filali A, Mami NB, Najjar T, Fendri C. Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among Tunisian blood donors (outpatients), symptomatic patients and control subjects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 34:75-82. [PMID: 19879082 DOI: 10.1016/j.gcb.2009.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2009] [Revised: 06/23/2009] [Accepted: 06/25/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Helicobacter pylori is a worldwide infection, although little data are available in the Tunisian population. The aims of our study were to detect the prevalence of H. pylori in a blood-donor population (n=250) and in another population of hospital-consulting patients comprising 87 symptomatic patients and 59 controls, and to determine the factors that influence the prevalence. MATERIALS AND METHODS Study subjects answered a standardized questionnaire, and IgG anti-H. pylori and anti-cag were detected by ELISA. In the second population, culture and cagA polymerase chain reaction were performed. RESULTS The seroprevalence of H. pylori in blood donors was 64%, and 11% had anti-cag. All patients positive for anti-cag were also positive for anti-H. pylori antibodies. The seroprevalence of H. pylori was 99.3% in the hospital-consulting patients, of whom 55.5% were positive for anti-cag. The difference between the anti-cag and symptomatic patients (66.7%) and controls (39%) was significant. Symptomatic patients had a higher rate of anti-cag (66.7%) compared with the controls (39%) and blood donors (11%). CONCLUSION H. pylori seroprevalence in blood donors is low (64%) compared with symptomatic patients (99.3%), and anti-cag was statistically associated with symptomatic patients and pathology. Also, some environmental factors were correlated with H. pylori seroprevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K B Mansour
- Laboratoire de microbiologie, UR04SP08, CHU Rabta, 1007 El Jebbari, Tunis, Tunisia. khansa
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Atherton JC, Blaser MJ. Coadaptation of Helicobacter pylori and humans: ancient history, modern implications. J Clin Invest 2009. [PMID: 19729845 DOI: 10.1172/jci38605.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans have been colonized by Helicobacter pylori for at least 50,000 years and probably throughout their evolution. H. pylori has adapted to humans, colonizing children and persisting throughout life. Most strains possess factors that subtly modulate the host environment, increasing the risk of peptic ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma, and possibly other diseases. H. pylori genes encoding these and other factors rapidly evolve through mutation and recombination, changing the bacteria-host interaction. Although immune and physiologic responses to H. pylori also contribute to pathogenesis, humans have evolved in concert with the bacterium, and its recent absence throughout the life of many individuals has led to new human physiological changes. These may have contributed to recent increases in esophageal adenocarcinoma and, more speculatively, other modern diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John C Atherton
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Biomedical Research Unit and Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Atherton JC, Blaser MJ. Coadaptation of Helicobacter pylori and humans: ancient history, modern implications. J Clin Invest 2009; 119:2475-87. [PMID: 19729845 DOI: 10.1172/jci38605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 378] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans have been colonized by Helicobacter pylori for at least 50,000 years and probably throughout their evolution. H. pylori has adapted to humans, colonizing children and persisting throughout life. Most strains possess factors that subtly modulate the host environment, increasing the risk of peptic ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma, and possibly other diseases. H. pylori genes encoding these and other factors rapidly evolve through mutation and recombination, changing the bacteria-host interaction. Although immune and physiologic responses to H. pylori also contribute to pathogenesis, humans have evolved in concert with the bacterium, and its recent absence throughout the life of many individuals has led to new human physiological changes. These may have contributed to recent increases in esophageal adenocarcinoma and, more speculatively, other modern diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John C Atherton
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases Centre Biomedical Research Unit and Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To evaluate the influence of Helicobacter pylori infection on the gastric regulation of food intake and body weight. RECENT FINDINGS H. pylori infection leads to a decrease of circulating ghrelin through a reduction of ghrelin-producing cells in the gastric mucosa and increases the amount of gastric leptin with no effect on circulating leptin levels. Eradication of H. pylori reverses the abnormal regulation of gastric hormone secretion. This finding is suggested to favor weight gain after H. pylori eradication and points to the potential effect of H. pylori in the pathophysiology of obesity. SUMMARY H. pylori has an influence on the release of gastric hormones and therefore plays a role in the regulation of body weight, hunger and satiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Weigt
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Otto-v.-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Papamichael KX, Papaioannou G, Karga H, Roussos A, Mantzaris GJ. Helicobacter pylori infection and endocrine disorders: Is there a link? World J Gastroenterol 2009; 15:2701-7. [PMID: 19522019 PMCID: PMC2695884 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.15.2701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is a leading world-wide infectious disease as it affects more than half of the world population and causes chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease and gastric malignancies. The infection elicits a chronic cellular inflammatory response in the gastric mucosa. However, the effects of this local inflammation may not be confined solely to the digestive tract but may spread to involve extra-intestinal tissues and/or organs. Indeed, H pylori infection has been epidemiologically linked to extra-digestive conditions and diseases. In this context, it has been speculated that H pylori infection may be responsible for various endocrine disorders, such as autoimmune thyroid diseases, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, obesity, osteoporosis and primary hyperparathyroidism. This is a review of the relationship between H pylori infection and these endocrine disorders.
Collapse
|
36
|
Atrophic gastritis, but not antibody to Helicobacter pylori, is associated with body mass index in a Japanese population. J Gastroenterol 2009; 43:762-6. [PMID: 18958544 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-008-2219-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Accepted: 05/21/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and body mass index (BMI) is controversial. Several reports have indicated that eradication of HP infection induces an increase in BMI. In contrast, epidemiological case-control studies have failed to show an association between HP infection and BMI. Therefore, we investigated whether HP and atrophic gastritis (AG) were associated with BMI. METHODS A total of 617 individuals were recruited for the measurements of BMI, serum leptin, pepsinogens (PGs) I and II, and IgG antibody to HP (HP-IgG). BMI and leptin of the subjects were compared when the subjects were stratified by HP-IgG and PGs. RESULTS The subjects were divided into AG-positive and AG-negative groups according to PGs (AG-positive: PG I < or = 70 ng/ml and PG I/II ratio < or =3.0). BMI after adjusting for sex and age was significantly lower in the AG-positive group than in the AG-negative group (23.47 +/- 3.05 vs. 24.18 +/- 3.25, P = 0.010). When the subjects were divided into two groups according to HP-IgG, BMI tended to be lower in the HP-IgG-positive group, though the difference was not large. When the subjects were divided into four groups for different combinations of AG and HP-IgG, BMI was the lowest in the AG-positive and HP-IgG-negative group. CONCLUSIONS BMI was associated with AG, as diagnosed by PGs, but not with HP infection status. These results mean that HP infection affects BMI via atrophic gastritis.
Collapse
|
37
|
de Martel C, Haggerty TD, Corley DA, Vogelman JH, Orentreich N, Parsonnet J. Serum ghrelin levels and risk of subsequent adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Am J Gastroenterol 2007; 102:1166-72. [PMID: 17378911 DOI: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01116.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Several large studies have shown a negative association between Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Diminution of gastric ghrelin secretion by H. pylori could protect against esophageal malignancy by decreasing appetite, food intake, and acid production, thereby decreasing weight and gastroesophageal reflux. METHODS We evaluated the association of ghrelin with esophageal adenocarcinoma using a population from a previous nested case-control study. Among 128,992 enrolled in a multiphasic health checkup (MHC) between 1964 and 1969, 52 patients developed esophageal adenocarcinoma by the year 2000. Three random controls from the MHC cohort were matched to each case by age, sex, race, and the date and site of their MHC. Serum samples collected at the MHC had been previously tested for IgG antibodies against H. pylori and the CagA protein. Serum ghrelin concentrations were determined by a commercial EIA on 52% of the initial subjects (31 cases and 79 controls). RESULTS A concentration of ghrelin greater than 3,200 pg/mL at MHC (fourth quartile) was associated with a lower risk of esophageal cancer (H. pylori and body mass index [BMI] adjusted OR=0.18 [CI 0.04-0.78]). This inverse association was seen only in overweight subjects (BMI>or=25, P value for interaction=0.09). The effects of H. pylori and ghrelin were independent. CONCLUSION Contrary to the original hypothesis, high rather than low serum ghrelin was associated with protection against esophageal adenocarcinoma but only among overweight subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine de Martel
- Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Nilsson HO, Pietroiusti A, Gabrielli M, Zocco MA, Gasbarrini G, Gasbarrini A. Helicobacter pylori and extragastric diseases--other Helicobacters. Helicobacter 2005; 10 Suppl 1:54-65. [PMID: 16178972 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2005.00334.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of extragastric diseases continues to be an interesting topic in the field of Helicobacter-related pathology. Although conflicting findings have been reported for most of the disorders, a role of H. pylori seems to be important especially for the development of cardiovascular and hematologic disorders. Previously isolated human and animal Helicobacter sp. flexispira and "Helicobacter heilmannii" strains have been validated using polyphasic taxonomy. A novel enterohepatic Helicobacter has been isolated from mastomys and mice, adding to the list of helicobacters that colonize the liver. Genetic targets that may aid the classification of novel Helicobacter species have emerged. Animal models of Helicobacter-induced gastric and hepatobiliary diseases have offered insights to the mechanisms associated with premalignant transformation.
Collapse
|