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Su P, Jiang C, Zhang Y. The implication of infection with respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric recurrent wheezing and asthma: knowledge expanded post-COVID-19 era. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 43:403-416. [PMID: 38153660 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-023-04744-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection has been identified to serve as the primary cause of acute lower respiratory infectious diseases in children under the age of one and a significant risk factor for the emergence and development of pediatric recurrent wheezing and asthma, though the exact mechanism is still unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we discuss the key routes that lead to recurrent wheezing and bronchial asthma following RSV infection. It is interesting to note that following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, the prevalence of RSV changes significantly. This presents us with a rare opportunity to better understand the associated mechanism for RSV infection, its effects on the respiratory system, and the immunological response to RSV following the COVID-19 epidemic. To better understand the associated mechanisms in the occurrence and progression of pediatric asthma, we thoroughly described how the RSV infection directly destroys the physical barrier of airway epithelial tissue, promotes inflammatory responses, enhances airway hyper-responsiveness, and ultimately causes the airway remodeling. More critically, extensive discussion was also conducted regarding the potential impact of RSV infection on host pulmonary immune response. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study offers a comprehensive perspective to better understand how the RSV infection interacts in the control of the host's pulmonary immune system, causing recurrent wheezing and the development of asthma, and it sheds fresh light on potential avenues for pharmaceutical therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Su
- Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, National Regional Children's Medical Centre (Northwest), Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Congshan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, National Regional Children's Medical Centre (Northwest), Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine to Pediatric Diseases of Shaanxi Province, National Regional Children's Medical Centre (Northwest), Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, Shaanxi Institute for Pediatric Diseases, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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Siddiqui S, Bachert C, Bjermer L, Buchheit KM, Castro M, Qin Y, Rupani H, Sagara H, Howarth P, Taillé C. Eosinophils and tissue remodeling: Relevance to airway disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:841-857. [PMID: 37343842 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
The ability of human tissue to reorganize and restore its existing structure underlies tissue homeostasis in the healthy airways, but in disease can persist without normal resolution, leading to an altered airway structure. Eosinophils play a cardinal role in airway remodeling both in health and disease, driving epithelial homeostasis and extracellular matrix turnover. Physiological consequences associated with eosinophil-driven remodeling include impaired lung function and reduced bronchodilator reversibility in asthma, and obstructed airflow in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Given the contribution of airway remodeling to the development and persistence of symptoms in airways disease, targeting remodeling is an important therapeutic consideration. Indeed, there is early evidence that eosinophil attenuation may reduce remodeling and disease progression in asthma. This review provides an overview of tissue remodeling in both health and airway disease with a particular focus on eosinophilic asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, as well as the role of eosinophils in these processes and the implications for therapeutic interventions. Areas for future research are also noted, to help improve our understanding of the homeostatic and pathological roles of eosinophils in tissue remodeling, which should aid the development of targeted and effective treatments for eosinophilic diseases of the airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Siddiqui
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Claus Bachert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany; First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, International Airway Research Center, Guangzhou, China; Division of Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention, and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Upper Airways Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leif Bjermer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Respiratory Medicine, and Allergology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kathleen M Buchheit
- Jeff and Penny Vinik Center for Allergic Diseases Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Mario Castro
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, NC
| | - Yimin Qin
- Global Medical Affairs, Global Specialty and Primary Care, GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC
| | - Hitasha Rupani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Hironori Sagara
- Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Showa University, School of Medicine, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Peter Howarth
- Global Medical, Global Specialty and Primary Care, GlaxoSmithKline, Brentford, Middlesex, United Kingdom
| | - Camille Taillé
- Pneumology Department, Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 1152, University of Paris Cité, Paris, France
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3
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Blood Inflammatory-like and Lung Resident-like Eosinophils Affect Migration of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells and Their ECM-Related Proliferation in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043469. [PMID: 36834879 PMCID: PMC9958882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a hallmark feature of asthma, and one of its key structural changes is increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass and disturbed extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis. Eosinophil functions in asthma are broadly defined; however, we lack knowledge about eosinophil subtypes' interaction with lung structural cells and their effect on the airway's local microenvironment. Therefore, we investigated the effect of blood inflammatory-like eosinophils (iEOS-like) and lung resident-like eosinophils (rEOS-like) on ASM cells via impact on their migration and ECM-related proliferation in asthma. A total of 17 non-severe steroid-free allergic asthma (AA), 15 severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) patients, and 12 healthy control subjects (HS) were involved in this study. Peripheral blood eosinophils were enriched using Ficoll gradient centrifugation and magnetic separation, subtyped by using magnetic separation against CD62L. ASM cell proliferation was assessed by AlamarBlue assay, migration by wound healing assay, and gene expression by qRT-PCR analysis. We found that blood iEOS-like and rEOS-like cells from AA and SEA patients' upregulated genes expression of contractile apparatus proteins, COL1A1, FN, TGF-β1 in ASM cells (p < 0.05), and SEA eosinophil subtypes demonstrated the highest effect on sm-MHC, SM22, and COL1A1 gene expression. Moreover, AA and SEA patients' blood eosinophil subtypes promoted migration of ASM cells and their ECM-related proliferation, compared with HS (p < 0.05) with the higher effect of rEOS-like cells. In conclusion, blood eosinophil subtypes may contribute to airway remodeling by upregulating contractile apparatus and ECM component production in ASM cells, further promoting their migration and ECM-related proliferation, with a stronger effect of rEOS-like cells and in SEA.
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4
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Parry CM, Chan LF, Carr DF, Hawcutt DB. Platelet-derived growth factor D expression in adrenal cells is modulated by corticosteroids: putative role in adrenal suppression. Pediatr Res 2023; 93:97-101. [PMID: 35568735 PMCID: PMC9876782 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adrenal suppression is a clinically concerning side effect of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment in patients with asthma. Increased susceptibility to ICS-induced adrenal suppression has previously been identified in those with the rs591118 polymorphism in platelet-derived growth factor D (PDGFD). The mechanism underpinning this relationship is not known. METHODS H295R cells were genotyped for rs591118 using a validated Taqman PCR allelic discrimination assay. H295R cell viability was determined after treatment with beclometasone and fluticasone (range 0-330 μM). Cortisol was measured in cell culture medium using competitive enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS PDGFD protein expression in H295R cells was confirmed using Western blotting. When ACTH and forskolin were added to H295R cells, a reduction in PDGFD expression was seen, which was then restored by incubation with prochloraz, a known inhibitor of steroidogenesis. A dose-dependent, decrease in PDGFD expression was observed with beclometasone (over a 24 h incubation period) but not with beclometasone incubations beyond 24 h nor with fluticasone (at 24 or 48 h). CONCLUSIONS H295R cells express PDGFD protein, which can be modulated by incubation with steroidogenesis agonists and antagonists and additionally with exogenous beclometasone. IMPACT PDGFD is expressed in the human adrenal cell line, H295R, and expression can be modulated by beclometasone as well as agonists/antagonists of steroidogenesis. This builds on previous research that identified a SNP in PDGFD (rs591118) as an independent risk factor for adrenal suppression in adults and children with obstructive airway disease treated with inhaled corticosteroids. First in vitro experiments to support a link between the PDGF and cortisol production pathways, supporting the hypothesis that PDGFD variants can affect an individual's sensitivity to corticosteroid-induced adrenal suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Parry
- NIHR Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Liverpool, UK ,grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Li F. Chan
- grid.4868.20000 0001 2171 1133Centre for Endocrinology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Daniel F. Carr
- grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Molecular, Systems and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniel B. Hawcutt
- NIHR Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Liverpool, UK ,grid.10025.360000 0004 1936 8470Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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5
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Sadrifar S, Abbasi-Dokht T, Forouzandeh S, Malek F, Baharlou R. The impact of multistrains of probiotics on Th17-related cytokines in patients with asthma: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Asthma 2022; 60:1306-1315. [PMID: 36332136 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2022.2144353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Asthma is known as one of the most common chronic inflammatory diseases characterized by recurrent obstruction and inflammation of the airways. Probiotics are defined as a group of beneficial living microorganisms that are beneficial in many disorders, including allergies. The aim of this study was to investigate the probiotic supplement effects on improvement of clinical asthma symptom and changes in the pattern of Th17-related inflammatory cytokines in asthmatic patients. METHODS This was a randomized controlled clinical trial with parallel, double-blind groups. Forty patients with asthma were enrolled and received 1 capsule/day of a probiotic supplement for 8 weeks. Respiratory function tests; and the level of IL-6, IL-17, IL-21 and TGF-β were evaluated at the baseline and end of intervention. RESULTS The results showed that the level of IL-6 and IL-17 in patients after receiving probiotics was reduced and expression of TGF-β was increased as compared to the baseline. Also, the expression of IL-17 and IL-21 in the probiotic group was significantly lower than the placebo group at the end of the intervention. In addition, an improvement in pulmonary function tests and clinical symptoms was observed after receiving probiotics. CONCLUSIONS Eight-weeks treatment with a probiotic supplementation suggests that it may effect on Th17 cells-associated IL-6, IL-17 and TGF-β; and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s and Forced Vital Capacity. Taken together, these results suggest that probiotics may have the ability to affect neutrophilic asthma and they can possibly be used besides common treatments for patients with neutrophilic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Sadrifar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Tannaz Abbasi-Dokht
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sarvenaz Forouzandeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Farhad Malek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kosar Hospital, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Rasoul Baharlou
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.,Cancer Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
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Qian Y, Sun Y, Chen Y, Mao Z, Shi Y, Wu D, Gu B, Liu Z, Zhang Q. Nrf2 regulates downstream genes by targeting miR-29b in severe asthma and the role of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in a murine model of steroid-insensitive asthma. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:347-358. [PMID: 35171066 PMCID: PMC8856085 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2032205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is effective in treating severe asthma (SA). OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between Nrf2-miR-29b axis and SA, and to detect whether preventive use of GSPE relieves SA via it. MATERIALS AND METHODS We recruited 10 healthy controls, 10 patients with non-severe asthma (nSA), and 9 patients with SA from February 2017 to December 2017. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from these volunteers were extracted. A murine model of steroid-insensitive asthma was established in six-week-old female BALB/c mice that were sensitised and challenged with OVA, Al(OH)3 and LPS for 31 days. Mice in the treated groups were injected with DXM (5 mg/kg/d), with or without GSPE (100 mg/kg/d). Control group received PBS. We performed quantitative real-time PCR, western blot and luciferase reporter assay in animal and cell models. RESULTS SA group demonstrated significantly lower concentrations of Nrf2 protein, Nrf2 mRNA, and miR-29b than nSA group and control group. Conversely, higher levels of platelet derived growth factor C (PDGFC), phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1), and collagen type III alpha 1 (COL3A1) were measured in SA than in the other two groups. PDGFC, PIK3R1, and COL3A1 were the target genes of miR-29b. GSPE + DXM significantly elevated the expression of Nrf2 (+188%), Nrf2 mRNA (+506%), and miR-29b (+201%), and significantly reduced the expression of PDGFC (-72%), PIK3R1 (-40%), and COL3A1 (-65%) compared with OVA + LPS. CONCLUSIONS Nrf2-miR-29b axis is involved in the pathogenesis of SA. GSPE, as an adjuvant drug, maybe a potential therapeutic agent for SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qian
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yun Sun
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yi Chen
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhengdao Mao
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Yujia Shi
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Di Wu
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Bin Gu
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Zhiguang Liu
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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7
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PM2.5 Exposure and Asthma Development: The Key Role of Oxidative Stress. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3618806. [PMID: 35419163 PMCID: PMC9001082 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3618806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is defined as the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the endogenous antioxidant defense system, leading to cellular damage. Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease. The presence of asthma tends to increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the antioxidant system in the lungs is insufficient to mitigate it. Therefore, asthma can lead to an exacerbation of airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation. PM2.5 exposure increases ROS levels. Meanwhile, the accumulation of ROS will further enhance the oxidative stress response, resulting in DNA, protein, lipid, and other cellular and molecular damage, leading to respiratory diseases. An in-depth study on the relationship between oxidative stress and PM2.5-related asthma is helpful to understand the pathogenesis and progression of the disease and provides a new direction for the treatment of the disease. This paper reviews the research progress of oxidative stress in PM2.5-induced asthma as well as highlights the therapeutic potentials of antioxidant approaches in treatment of asthma.
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8
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Yu H, Qi N, Zhou Q. LncRNA H19 Inhibits Proliferation and Migration of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells Induced by PDGF-BB Through miR-21/PTEN/Akt Axis. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:71-80. [PMID: 33536765 PMCID: PMC7850386 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s291333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background LncRNA H19 expression is down-regulated in patients with asthma. The hyperplasia of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) promotes the development of airway remodeling in asthma. Therefore, we attempted to evaluate the regulatory function of H19 in the proliferation and migration of ASMCs. Methods The expressions of H19 and miR-21 were detected using qRT-PCR. PDGF-BB-induced abnormal proliferation and migration of ASMCs was used as the airway remodeling model in vitro. The expressions of H19 and miR-21 were modified by transfection with pcDNA3.1-H19 and miR-21 mimic, respectively. CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry-based cell cycle analysis was conducted to examine the proliferation ability of ASMCs. The migration ability was measured by transwell assay. Dual-luciferase reporter system was carried out to find the potential relationship between miR-21 and H19 or PTEN. Western blot was conducted to detect the expressions of PCNA, MMP-9, α-SMA, PTEN, and the phosphorylation level of Akt. Results LncRNA-H19 expression was decreased and microRNA-21 expression was increased in serum samples of children with asthma and PDGF-BB-stimulated ASMCs. Overexpression of H19 reduced the proliferation and migration ability of ASMCs with PDGF-BB treatment and these changes were reversed by miR-21 mimic. H19 promoted the protein level of PTEN via sponging miR-21. Overexpression of H19 suppressed miR-21-induced phosphorylation of Akt, and the suppression effect of H19 on phosphorylation of Akt was significantly reduced after transfecting shPTEN in ASMCs. Conclusion In this study, overexpression of H19 suppressed the proliferation and migration of ASMCs induced by PDGF-BB via miR-21/PTEN/Akt axis, which could be a potential biomarker and target for treating hyperplasia of airway smooth muscle cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Qi
- Department of Pediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxia Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261041, People's Republic of China
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Dalouchi F, Falak R, Bakhshesh M, Sharifiaghdam Z, Azizi Y, Aboutaleb N. Human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium reduces inflammatory factors and fibrosis in ovalbumin-induced asthma in mice. Exp Physiol 2021; 106:544-554. [PMID: 33258520 DOI: 10.1113/ep088911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Is mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium capable of improving the pathological alterations of ovalbumin-induced asthma in mice? What is the main finding and its importance? Our study indicated that human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium is capable of modulating inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative stress and the pathological consequences of ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma in mice. ABSTRACT Paracrine factors secreted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic properties, and the conditioned medium (CM) of these cells might have functional capabilities. We examined the effects of human amniotic membrane MSC-CM (hAM-MSC-CM) on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma. Forty male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into the following four groups: control; OVA (sensitized and challenged with OVA); OVA+CM (sensitized and challenged with OVA and treated with hAM-MSC-CM); and OVA+Placebo (sensitized and challenged with OVA and treated with placebo). Forty-eight hours after the last challenge, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected and used for evaluation of inflammatory factors and cells, respectively. Lung tissue sections were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin or Masson's Trichrome to evaluate pathological changes, and oxidative stress was assessed in fresh lung tissues. Treatment with hAM-MSC-CM significantly hindered histopathological changes and fibrosis and reduced the total cell count and the percentage of eosinophils and neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Furthermore, it reduced serum levels of immunoglobulin E, interleukin-4, transforming growth factor-β and lung malondialdehyde. It also increased serum levels of interferon-γ and interleukin-10, in addition to the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase in lung tissue in comparison to the OVA and OVA+Placebo groups. This study showed that administration of hAM-MSC-CM can improve pathological conditions, such as inflammation, fibrosis and oxidative stress, in OVA-induced allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Dalouchi
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Physiology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raza Falak
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Bakhshesh
- Department of Physiology, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | | | - Yaser Azizi
- Physiology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Aboutaleb
- Physiology Research Centre, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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10
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Hu L, Li L, Zhang H, Li Q, Jiang S, Qiu J, Sun J, Dong J. Inhibition of airway remodeling and inflammatory response by Icariin in asthma. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:316. [PMID: 31744482 PMCID: PMC6862818 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2743-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Icariin (ICA) is the major active ingredient extracted from Chinese herbal medicine Epimedium, which has the effects of improving cardiovascular function, inducing tumor cell differentiation and increasing bone formation. It is still rarely reported that ICA can exert its therapeutic potential in asthma via anti-airway remodeling. The point of the study was to estimate the role of ICA in anti-. airway remodeling and its possible mechanism of action in a mouse ovalbumin. (OVA)-induced asthma model. METHODS Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining were performed for measuring airway remodeling related indicators. ELISA, Western blot and Immunohistochemistr-. y (IHC) were used for analyzing the level of protein. RT-PCR was used for analyzing the level of mRNA. RESULTS On days 1 and 8, mice were sensitized to OVA by intraperitoneal injection. From day 16 to day 43, previously sensitized mice were exposed to OVA once daily by nebulizer. Interventions were performed orally with ICA (ICA low, medium and high dose groups) or dexamethasone 1 h prior to each OVA exposure. ICA improves pulmonary function, attenuates pulmonary inflammation and airway remodeling in mice exposed to OVA. Histological and Western blot analysis of the lungs show that ICA suppressed transforming growth factor beta 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression. Increase in interleukin 13 and endothelin-1 in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in OVA-induced asthmatic mice are also decreased by ICA. ICA attenuates airway smooth muscle cell proliferation, as well as key factors in the MAPK/Erk pathway. CONCLUSIONS The fact that ICA can alleviate OVA-induced asthma at least partly through inhibition of ASMC proliferation via MAPK/Erk pathway provides a solid theoretical basis for ICA as a replacement therapy for asthma. These data reveal the underlying reasons of the use of ICA-rich herbs in Traditional Chinese Medicine to achieve good results in treating asthma.
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11
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Lin L, Li Q, Hao W, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Han W. Upregulation of LncRNA Malat1 Induced Proliferation and Migration of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells via miR-150-eIF4E/Akt Signaling. Front Physiol 2019; 10:1337. [PMID: 31695627 PMCID: PMC6817469 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) are critical processes in the formation of airway remodeling in asthma. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key mediators of diverse physiological and pathological processes, and are involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including asthma. LncRNA Malat1 has been widely reported to regulate the proliferation and migration of multiple cell types and be involved in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. However, it remains unknown whether Malat1 regulates ASMC proliferation and migration. Here, we explored the function of Malat1 in ASMC proliferation and migration in vitro stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB), and the underlying molecular mechanism involved. The results showed that Malat1 was significantly upregulated in ASMCs treated with PDGF-BB, and knockdown of Malat1 effectively inhibited ASMC proliferation and migration induced by PDGF-BB. Our data also showed that miR-150 was a target of Malat1 in ASMCs, and inhibited PDGF-BB-induced ASMC proliferation and migration, whereas the inhibition effect was effectively reversed by Malat1 overexpression. Additionally, translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), an important regulator of Akt signaling, was identified to be a target of miR-150, and both eIF4E knockdown and Akt inhibitor GSK690693 inhibited PDGF-BB-induced ASMC proliferation and migration. Collectively, these data indicate that Malat1, as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-150, derepresses eIF4E expression and activates Akt signaling, thereby being involved in PDGF-BB-induced ASMC proliferation and migration. These findings suggest that Malat1 knockdown may present a new target to limit airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lin
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghai Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanming Hao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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12
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Induction of airway remodeling and persistent cough by repeated citric acid exposure in a guinea pig cough model. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 263:1-8. [PMID: 30738972 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A previous study involving guinea pigs showed that repeated cough could increase peripheral airway smooth muscle area, which can also aggravate cough. The airway pathologic changes produced by prolonged cough are still unknown. OBJECTIVE To study the airway pathologic changes in prolonged cough models of guinea pigs. METHODS Guinea pigs were assigned to three treatment groups: citric acid inhalation (CA) alone, citric acid inhalation with codeine pretreatment (COD), or saline solution inhalation (SA). Animals were challenged with citric acid or saline solution three times weekly. The intervention period was 22 or 43 days. Animals were challenged with citric acid on the first and last days of exposure. Lung specimens were obtained for pathologic analysis 72 h after the last exposure. RESULTS Compared with the other two groups, the CA group had increased frequency of cough on both 22 and 43 days of exposure. Tracheal basement membrane (BM) thickness was increased after 43 days of exposure, correlating with the frequency of cough. The area of airway smooth muscles (ASM index) in small airways increased in the CA group after both 22 and 43 days of exposure, compared with the SA group. Compared with the COD group, the ASM index in small airways increased in the CA group after 22 days of exposure instead of 43 days of exposure. CONCLUSIONS An increase in peripheral smooth muscle area by repeated cough was confirmed. Moreover, this is the first study to show that tracheal BM thickness increased after prolonged exposure (43 days). Repeated cough may lead to airway remodeling, which was also associated with an increased frequency of cough.
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13
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Li H, Yang T, Wu R, Chen T, Sun Z, Yang L. Salidroside inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:6642-6650. [PMID: 30552692 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) have been found to be important for the airway remodeling during the pathogenesis of asthma. Salidroside a bioactive glucoside that exerts antitumor activity via inhibiting the cell proliferation and migration of cancer cells. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of salidroside on the proliferation and migration of ASMCs. Our results showed that salidroside inhibited the proliferation and migration of ASMCs in response to platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) stimulation. Salidroside markedly attenuated the PDGF-induced production of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 in ASMCs. The levels of contractile phenotype markers including smooth muscle α-actin and calponin were reduced in response to PDGF stimulation, which was attenuated by salidroside pretreatment. Salidroside diminished the increase in the expression levels of type I collagen and fibronectin in PDGF-stimulated ASMCs. Furthermore, salidroside blocked the PDGF-induced activation of the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway in ASMCs. The results suggested that salidroside functionally regulated the proliferation, migration, phenotype plasticity, and extracellular matrix deposition in PDGF-induced ASMCs and the NF-κB pathway might be implicated in the effects of salidroside on ASMCs induced by PDGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianjun Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongmin Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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14
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Hawcutt DB, Francis B, Carr DF, Jorgensen AL, Yin P, Wallin N, O'Hara N, Zhang EJ, Bloch KM, Ganguli A, Thompson B, McEvoy L, Peak M, Crawford AA, Walker BR, Blair JC, Couriel J, Smyth RL, Pirmohamed M. Susceptibility to corticosteroid-induced adrenal suppression: a genome-wide association study. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2018; 6:442-450. [PMID: 29551627 PMCID: PMC5971210 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(18)30058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A serious adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy is adrenal suppression. Our aim was to identify genetic variants affecting susceptibility to corticosteroid-induced adrenal suppression. METHODS We enrolled children with asthma who used inhaled corticosteroids as part of their treatment from 25 sites across the UK (discovery cohort), as part of the Pharmacogenetics of Adrenal Suppression with Inhaled Steroids (PASS) study. We included two validation cohorts, one comprising children with asthma (PASS study) and the other consisting of adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) who were recruited from two UK centres for the Pharmacogenomics of Adrenal Suppression in COPD (PASIC) study. Participants underwent a low-dose short synacthen test. Adrenal suppression was defined as peak cortisol less than 350 nmol/L (in children) and less than 500 nmol/L (in adults). A case-control genome-wide association study was done with the control subset augmented by Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2 (WTCCC2) participants. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that fulfilled criteria to be advanced to replication were tested by a random-effects inverse variance meta-analysis. This report presents the primary analysis. The PASS study is registered in the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA). The PASS study is complete whereas the PASIC study is ongoing. FINDINGS Between November, 2008, and September, 2011, 499 children were enrolled to the discovery cohort. Between October, 2011, and December, 2012, 81 children were enrolled to the paediatric validation cohort, and from February, 2010, to June, 2015, 78 adults were enrolled to the adult validation cohort. Adrenal suppression was present in 35 (7%) children in the discovery cohort and six (7%) children and 17 (22%) adults in the validation cohorts. In the discovery cohort, 40 SNPs were found to be associated with adrenal suppression (genome-wide significance p<1 × 10-6), including an intronic SNP within the PDGFD gene locus (rs591118; odds ratio [OR] 7·32, 95% CI 3·15-16·99; p=5·8 × 10-8). This finding for rs591118 was validated successfully in both the paediatric asthma (OR 3·86, 95% CI 1·19-12·50; p=0·02) and adult COPD (2·41, 1·10-5·28; p=0·03) cohorts. The proportions of patients with adrenal suppression by rs591118 genotype were six (3%) of 214 patients with the GG genotype, 15 (6%) of 244 with the AG genotype, and 22 (25%) of 87 with the AA genotype. Meta-analysis of the paediatric cohorts (discovery and validation) and all three cohorts showed genome-wide significance of rs591118 (respectively, OR 5·89, 95% CI 2·97-11·68; p=4·3 × 10-9; and 4·05, 2·00-8·21; p=3·5 × 10-10). INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that genetic variation in the PDGFD gene locus increases the risk of adrenal suppression in children and adults who use corticosteroids to treat asthma and COPD, respectively. FUNDING Department of Health Chair in Pharmacogenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Hawcutt
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ben Francis
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Daniel F Carr
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Peng Yin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Naomi Wallin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Natalie O'Hara
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Eunice J Zhang
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Katarzyna M Bloch
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Amitava Ganguli
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ben Thompson
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laurence McEvoy
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Matthew Peak
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Alder Hey Clinical Research Facility, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Andrew A Crawford
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; MRC Integrated Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Brian R Walker
- British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Joanne C Blair
- Department of Endocrinology, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jonathan Couriel
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rosalind L Smyth
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Munir Pirmohamed
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
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15
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Cheng W, Yan K, Chen Y, Zhang W, Ji Z, Dang C. ABCA1 inhibits PDGF-induced proliferation and migration of rat airway smooth muscle cell through blocking TLR2/NF-κB/NFATc1 signaling. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7388-7396. [PMID: 29775222 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a key feature of asthma, characterized by abnormal proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). ABCA1, a member of the ATP-binding cassette family of active transporters, plays an essential role in the progression of lung diseases. However, the contributions of ABCA1 in ASMCs remain to be explored. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the functional role and potential molecular mechanism of ABCA1 in platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced primary rat ASMC proliferation and migration. We observed that PDGF- led to a significant decrease in the expression of ABCA1. Overexpression of ABCA1 strikingly suppressed PDGF-induced ASMC proliferation accompanied by a decrease in the expression of PCAN stimulated by PDGF. Additionally, augmentation of ABCA1 dramatically restrained PDGF-induced migration concomitant with attenuate the accumulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in response to PDGF. Furthermore, forced expression of ABCA1 enhanced contractile phenotype markers proteins including α-SMA along with sm-MHC, sm-α-actin, and calponin reduced by PDGF. Meanwhile, introduction of ABCA1 depressed ECM over-deposition induced by PDGF as reflected by a decrease in the expression of ECM protein collagen I and fibronectin. More importantly, addition of ABCA1 effectively suppressed the activity of TLR2/NF-κB signaling as well as diminished the expression of NFATc1 in rat ASMCs after PDGF stimulation. Interestingly, blockage of TLR2/NF-κB signaling effectively inhibited PDGF-induced proliferation and migration, these effects were similar to ABCA1. Taken together, these data implicated that ABCA1 suppressed PDGF-induced proliferation, migration, and contraction in rat ASMCs at least partly through TLR2/NF-κB/NFATc1 signaling, which might offer hope for the future treatment of airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
- The Second Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Kun Yan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yanni Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zhang
- The Second Department of Respiratory Internal Medicine, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zongzheng Ji
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Chengxue Dang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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16
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Alshanwani AR, Riches-Suman K, O'Regan DJ, Wood IC, Turner NA, Porter KE. MicroRNA-21 drives the switch to a synthetic phenotype in human saphenous vein smooth muscle cells. IUBMB Life 2018; 70:649-657. [DOI: 10.1002/iub.1751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aliah R. Alshanwani
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - Kirsten Riches-Suman
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences; University of Bradford; Bradford UK
| | - David J. O'Regan
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Department of Cardiac Surgery; The Yorkshire Heart Centre, Leeds General Infirmary; Leeds UK
| | - Ian C. Wood
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - Neil A. Turner
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds; Leeds UK
| | - Karen E. Porter
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), School of Medicine; University of Leeds; Leeds UK
- Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Research Centre (MCRC), University of Leeds; Leeds UK
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17
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Zhu C, Zhang L, Liu Z, Li C, Bai Y. TWEAK/Fn14 interaction induces proliferation and migration in human airway smooth muscle cells via activating the NF-κB pathway. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:3528-3536. [PMID: 29143982 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Asthma, an increasingly common chronic disease among children, are characterized by airway remodeling, which is partly attributed to the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC). The purpose of the present study was to investigate potential roles and mechanisms of the tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)/fibroblast growth factor-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14) axis on cell proliferation and migration in HASMCs. Compared to HASMCs from non-asthmatic patients, those from asthmatic patients showed elevated expression levels of both Fn14 and TWEAK. Additionally, similar to the response triggered by platelet-derived growth factor-BB, stimulation with recombinant TWEAK strongly induced cell proliferation and migration in HASMCs. However, depletion of Fn14 remarkably abrogated the enhancement of TWEAK on the cell proliferation and migration of HASMCs. Furthermore, treatment with TWEAK led to the activation of NF-κB. This effect was eliminated by silencing Fn14, indicating that TWEAK-induced NF-κB signaling was mediated via Fn14. Moreover, the TWEAK/Fn14 interaction promoted cell proliferation and migration. These effects were blocked by NF-κB inhibitor SN50, which suggest that the TWEAK/Fn14 signaling system partially depends on NF-κB activity. Collectively, we demonstrated that the TWEAK/Fn14 axis accelerated HASMC cell proliferation and migration by activating the NF-κB pathway, thereby exacerbating airway remodeling in asthma. Altogether, these findings indicate a novel role for the TWEAK/Fn14/NF-κB pathway as a potent option for limiting airway remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuimin Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, PR China
| | - Leguo Zhang
- Department of Internal Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, PR China
| | - Zhiming Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, PR China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yajie Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, PR China
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18
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Zhou H, Wu Q, Wei L, Peng S. Paeoniflorin inhibits PDGF‑BB‑induced human airway smooth muscle cell growth and migration. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:2660-2664. [PMID: 29207148 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is important in the progression of asthma. Paeoniflorin (PF), one of the major active ingredients of Paeonia lactiflora, has been reported to exhibit anti‑asthmatic effects. However, the effects of PF in the regulation of platelet‑derived growth factor (PDGF)‑BB‑induced ASMC proliferation and migration remain unknown. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of PF on human ASMCs and the underlying mechanism. The results demonstrated that PF treatment significantly reduced the numbers of live ASMC cells and their PDGF‑BB‑induced migration. PF treatment also suppressed PDGF‑BB‑induced α‑smooth muscle actin expression in ASMCs. Furthermore, pretreatment with PF reduced PDGF‑BB‑induced phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K) and AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (Akt) in ASMCs. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated for the first time that PF inhibited ASMC growth and migration induced by PDGF‑BB, and that this effect may be partly due to inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The results provide novel information regarding the role of PF as a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhou
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Respiration, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P.R. China
| | - Luqing Wei
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
| | - Shouchun Peng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, P.R. China
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19
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Lan H, Wang N, Chen Y, Wang X, Gong Y, Qi X, Luo Y, Yao F. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) promotes rat airway muscle cell proliferation and migration mediated by ERK1/2 and FAK signaling. Cell Biol Int 2017; 42:75-83. [PMID: 28851074 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an inflammatory mediator that contributes to asthmatic airway remodeling; however, little is known regarding the effects of MIF on airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). In the present study, we found that an enhanced expression of MIF promoted ASMC proliferation, increased the population of cells in the S/G2 phase, downregulated P21 expression, and upregulated cyclin D1, cyclin D3, and Cdk6 expression. In addition, the apoptosis of ASMCs was significantly decreased in response to MIF overexpression, compared with the negative control. Moreover, MIF facilitated the migration of ASMCs by upregulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2. Finally, we showed that MIF increased the phosphorylation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) 1/2 and focal adhesion kinase (FAK), which are associated with proliferation and migration. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that MIF overexpression promotes the proliferation and migration of ASMCs by upregulating the activity of the ERK1/2 and FAK signaling pathways in these cells, further indicating that inhibition of MIF may prove to be an effective strategy for treating asthma patients with airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibing Lan
- Department of the Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510095, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of the Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuanqi Gong
- Department of the Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiefei Qi
- Department of the Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaling Luo
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Yao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou North Avenue, Guangzhou 510515, China
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20
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Liang X, Wang J, Chen W, Ma X, Wang Y, Nagao N, Weng W, Huang J, Liu J. Inhibition of airway remodeling and inflammation by isoforskolin in PDGF-induced rat ASMCs and OVA-induced rat asthma model. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:275-286. [PMID: 28850927 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Isoforskolin (ISOF) has been reported to play an important role in many illnesses including respiratory, cardiovascular and ophthalmologic diseases. In our study, we aimed to investigate how ISOF regulates airway remodeling and inflammation in asthma. Based on SO2-stimulated mouse cough model, we assessed the role of ISOF in cough and secretion of phlegm. Afterwards, platelet derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced primary rat airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) model and ovalbumin (OVA)-induced rat asthma model were used to continue our following research. Our results showed that ISOF could prolong the cough latent period, reduce the cough times in two minutes, and increase the excretion of red phenol, which suggested the antitussive and expectorant effects of ISOF. Besides, ISOF pretreatment reversed the hypotonicity and cytoskeleton remodeling in PDGF-induced ASMCs, and reduced mucus hypersecretion and collagen overdeposition in OVA-induced rat asthma model, which indicated its inhibition on airway remodeling in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, ISOF reduced the invasion of inflammatory cells into bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lungs, which revealed its inhibitory role in airway inflammation. The down-regulation of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) upon ISOF treatment might be responsible for its anti-remodeling and anti-inflammation roles. In conclusion, ISOF can reduce cough and sputum, as well as inhibit airway remodeling and inflammation by regulating the expression of TGF-β1 and IL-1β. These data indicate the potency of ISOF in treating asthma and also provide insights into the development of new anti-asthma agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology,130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology,130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology,130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology,130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University,826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Norio Nagao
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Shobara, 727-0023, Japan
| | - Weiyu Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology,130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
| | - Jianming Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University,826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Jianwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering & Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology,130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
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21
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Salter B, Pray C, Radford K, Martin JG, Nair P. Regulation of human airway smooth muscle cell migration and relevance to asthma. Respir Res 2017; 18:156. [PMID: 28814293 PMCID: PMC5559796 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0640-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway remodelling is an important feature of asthma pathogenesis. A key structural change inherent in airway remodelling is increased airway smooth muscle mass. There is emerging evidence to suggest that the migration of airway smooth muscle cells may contribute to cellular hyperplasia, and thus increased airway smooth muscle mass. The precise source of these cells remains unknown. Increased airway smooth muscle mass may be collectively due to airway infiltration of myofibroblasts, neighbouring airway smooth muscle cells in the bundle, or circulating hemopoietic progenitor cells. However, the relative contribution of each cell type is not well understood. In addition, although many studies have identified pro and anti-migratory agents of airway smooth muscle cells, whether these agents can impact airway remodelling in the context of human asthma, remains to be elucidated. As such, further research is required to determine the exact mechanism behind airway smooth muscle cell migration within the airways, how much this contributes to airway smooth muscle mass in asthma, and whether attenuating this migration may provide a therapeutic avenue for asthma. In this review article, we will discuss the current evidence with respect to the regulation of airway smooth muscle cell migration in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Salter
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph’s Healthcare and Department of Medicine, 50 Charlton Avenue, East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada
| | - Cara Pray
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph’s Healthcare and Department of Medicine, 50 Charlton Avenue, East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada
| | - Katherine Radford
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph’s Healthcare and Department of Medicine, 50 Charlton Avenue, East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada
| | - James G. Martin
- Meakins Christie Laboratories, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
| | - Parameswaran Nair
- Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health, St Joseph’s Healthcare and Department of Medicine, 50 Charlton Avenue, East, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6 Canada
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22
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Lee HY, Hur J, Kim IK, Kang JY, Yoon HK, Lee SY, Kwon SS, Kim YK, Rhee CK. Effect of nintedanib on airway inflammation and remodeling in a murine chronic asthma model. Exp Lung Res 2017; 43:187-196. [PMID: 28696800 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2017.1339141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nintedanib is a multi-tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor recently approved for treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Although angiogenesis is a key process involved in airway structural changes in patients with bronchial asthma, the effect of nintedanib targeting the angiokinase pathway on airway inflammation and remodeling has not been evaluated. METHODS We used a 3-month ovalbumin (OVA) challenge mouse model of airway remodeling. Nintedanib was orally administrated during the challenge period, and the effects were examined based on the percentage of airway inflammatory cells, airway hyper-reactivity (AHR), peribronchial goblet cell hyperplasia, total lung collagen and smooth muscle area. The expression of growth factor receptors was analyzed in mice lung tissues. RESULTS The OVA challenged group showed a significant increase in airway eosinophilic inflammation, elevated Th2 cytokines, AHR, and airway remodeling compared to those in the control group. The airway remodeling process, as evaluated by goblet cell hyperplasia, total lung collagen level, and airway smooth muscle area, was suppressed by nintedanib compared to that by OVA. Nintedanib effectively suppressed the phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor/ platelet derived growth factor subunit2/fibroblast growth factor3 receptors in the mice lung. CONCLUSIONS Nintedanib effectively ameliorated airway inflammation and remodeling in an OVA-induced chronic asthma model. These results suggest that nintedanib could be a new treatment agent targeting airway remodeling in patients with severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Young Lee
- a Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hur
- b Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyoung Kim
- b Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Young Kang
- b Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Yoon
- c Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Youido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Sook Young Lee
- b Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Suk Kwon
- d Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Gyeonggi-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Young Kyoon Kim
- b Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- b Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine , The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul , Republic of Korea
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Lim Y, Lee M, Jeong H, Kim H. Involvement of PI3K and MMP1 in PDGF-induced Migration of Human Adipose-derived Stem Cells. Dev Reprod 2017; 21:167-180. [PMID: 28785738 PMCID: PMC5532309 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2017.21.2.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human adult stem cells have widely been examined for their clinical application including their wound healing effect in vivo. To function as therapeutic cells, however, cells must represent the ability of directed migration in response to signals. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced migration of the human abdominal adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) in vitro. A general matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor or a MMP2 inhibitor significantly inhibited the PDGF-induced migration. PDGF treatment exhibited greater mRNA level and denser protein level of MMP1. The conditioned medium of PDGF-treated cells showed a caseinolytic activity of MMP1. Transfection of cells with siRNA against MMP1 significantly inhibited MMP1 expression, its caseinolytic activity, and cell migration following PDGF treatment. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor reduced the migration by about 50% without affecting ERK and MLC proteins. Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor mostly abolished the migration and MLC proteins. The results suggest that PDGF might signal hADSCs through PI3K, and MMP1 activity could play an important role in this PDGF-induced migration in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonhwa Lim
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Minji Lee
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Hyeju Jeong
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Haekwon Kim
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea
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24
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Naveed SUN, Clements D, Jackson DJ, Philp C, Billington CK, Soomro I, Reynolds C, Harrison TW, Johnston SL, Shaw DE, Johnson SR. Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Activation Contributes to Airway Smooth Muscle Growth and Asthma Severity. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:1000-1009. [PMID: 27967204 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201604-0822oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and mast cells are present in the airways of people with asthma. OBJECTIVES To investigate whether MMP-1 could be activated by mast cells and increase asthma severity. METHODS Patients with stable asthma and healthy control subjects underwent spirometry, methacholine challenge, and bronchoscopy, and their airway smooth muscle cells were grown in culture. A second asthma group and control subjects had symptom scores, spirometry, and bronchoalveolar lavage before and after rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations. Extracellular matrix was prepared from decellularized airway smooth muscle cultures. MMP-1 protein and activity were assessed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Airway smooth muscle cells generated pro-MMP-1, which was proteolytically activated by mast cell tryptase. Airway smooth muscle treated with activated mast cell supernatants produced extracellular matrix, which enhanced subsequent airway smooth muscle growth by 1.5-fold (P < 0.05), which was dependent on MMP-1 activation. In asthma, airway pro-MMP-1 was 5.4-fold higher than control subjects (P = 0.002). Mast cell numbers were associated with airway smooth muscle proliferation and MMP-1 protein associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. During exacerbations, MMP-1 activity increased and was associated with fall in FEV1 and worsening asthma symptoms. CONCLUSIONS MMP-1 is activated by mast cell tryptase resulting in a proproliferative extracellular matrix. In asthma, mast cells are associated with airway smooth muscle growth, MMP-1 levels are associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and MMP-1 activation are associated with exacerbation severity. Our findings suggest that airway smooth muscle/mast cell interactions contribute to asthma severity by transiently increasing MMP activation, airway smooth muscle growth, and airway responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shams-Un-Nisa Naveed
- 1 Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Clements
- 1 Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - David J Jackson
- 2 National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom.,3 Respiratory Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Christopher Philp
- 1 Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte K Billington
- 1 Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Irshad Soomro
- 4 Department of Histopathology, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Reynolds
- 1 Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy W Harrison
- 1 Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian L Johnston
- 2 National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and MRC & Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominick E Shaw
- 1 Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R Johnson
- 1 Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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25
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Pap D, Sziksz E, Kiss Z, Rokonay R, Veres-Székely A, Lippai R, Takács IM, Kis É, Fekete A, Reusz G, Szabó AJ, Vannay A. Microarray Analysis Reveals Increased Expression of Matrix Metalloproteases and Cytokines of Interleukin-20 Subfamily in the Kidneys of Neonate Rats Underwent Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction: A Potential Role of IL-24 in the Regulation of Inflammation and Tissue Remodeling. Kidney Blood Press Res 2017; 42:16-32. [PMID: 28253513 DOI: 10.1159/000464317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Congenital obstructive nephropathy (CON) is the main cause of pediatric chronic kidney diseases leading to renal fibrosis. High morbidity and limited treatment opportunities of CON urge the better understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS To identify the differentially expressed genes, microarray analysis was performed on the kidney samples of neonatal rats underwent unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Microarray results were then validated by real-time RT-PCR and bioinformatics analysis was carried out to identify the relevant genes, functional groups and pathways involved in the pathomechanism of CON. Renal expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-12 and interleukin (IL)-24 were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR, flow cytometry and immunohistochemical analysis. Effect of the main profibrotic factors on the expression of MMP-12 and IL-24 was investigated on HK-2 and HEK-293 cell lines. Finally, the effect of IL-24 treatment on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and MMPs were tested in vitro. RESULTS Microarray analysis revealed 880 transcripts showing >2.0-fold change following UUO, enriched mainly in immune response related processes. The most up-regulated genes were MMPs and members of IL-20 cytokine subfamily, including MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-12, IL-19 and IL-24. We found that while TGF-β treatment inhibits the expression of MMP-12 and IL-24, H2O2 or PDGF-B treatment induce the epithelial expression of MMP-12. We demonstrated that IL-24 treatment decreases the expression of IL-6 and MMP-3 in the renal epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS This study provides an extensive view of UUO induced changes in the gene expression profile of the developing kidney and describes novel molecules, which may play significant role in the pathomechanism of CON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domonkos Pap
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Erna Sziksz
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Kiss
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Réka Rokonay
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Apor Veres-Székely
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Lippai
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Éva Kis
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Andrea Fekete
- MTA-SE, Lendület Diabetes Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Reusz
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila J Szabó
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Adam Vannay
- MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.,1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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26
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Airway remodeling in asthma: what really matters. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 367:551-569. [PMID: 28190087 PMCID: PMC5320023 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2566-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodeling is generally quite broadly defined as any change in composition, distribution, thickness, mass or volume and/or number of structural components observed in the airway wall of patients relative to healthy individuals. However, two types of airway remodeling should be distinguished more clearly: (1) physiological airway remodeling, which encompasses structural changes that occur regularly during normal lung development and growth leading to a normal mature airway wall or as an acute and transient response to injury and/or inflammation, which ultimately results in restoration of a normal airway structures; and (2) pathological airway remodeling, which comprises those structural alterations that occur as a result of either disturbed lung development or as a response to chronic injury and/or inflammation leading to persistently altered airway wall structures and function. This review will address a few major aspects: (1) what are reliable quantitative approaches to assess airway remodeling? (2) Are there any indications supporting the notion that airway remodeling can occur as a primary event, i.e., before any inflammatory process was initiated? (3) What is known about airway remodeling being a secondary event to inflammation? And (4), what can we learn from the different animal models ranging from invertebrate to primate models in the study of airway remodeling? Future studies are required addressing particularly pheno-/endotype-specific aspects of airway remodeling using both endotype-specific animal models and “endotyped” human asthmatics. Hopefully, novel in vivo imaging techniques will be further advanced to allow monitoring development, growth and inflammation of the airways already at a very early stage in life.
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27
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Sun Q, Liu L, Wang H, Mandal J, Khan P, Hostettler KE, Stolz D, Tamm M, Molino A, Lardinois D, Lu S, Roth M. Constitutive high expression of protein arginine methyltransferase 1 in asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells is caused by reduced microRNA-19a expression and leads to enhanced remodeling. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:510-524.e3. [PMID: 28081849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In asthma remodeling airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) contribute to airway wall thickness through increased proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition. Previously, we described that protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) participates in airway remodeling in pulmonary inflammation in E3 rats. OBJECTIVE We sought to define the asthma-specific regulatory mechanism of PRMT1 in human ASMCs. METHODS ASMCs from healthy subjects and asthmatic patients were activated with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB. PRMT1 was localized by means of immunohistochemistry in human lung tissue sections and by means of immunofluorescence in isolated ASMCs. PRMT1 activity was suppressed by the pan-PRMT inhibitor AMI-1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) was suppressed by small interfering RNA, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was suppressed by PD98059. MicroRNAs (miRs) were assessed by using real-time quantitative PCR and regulated by miR mimics or inhibitors. RESULTS PRMT1 expression was significantly increased in lung tissue sections and in isolated ASMCs of patients with severe asthma. PDGF-BB significantly increased PRMT1 expression through ERK1/2 MAPK and STAT1 signaling in control ASMCs, whereas in ASMCs from asthmatic patients, these proteins were constitutively expressed. ASMCs from asthmatic patients had reduced miR-19a expression, causing upregulation of ERK1/2 MAPK, STAT1, and PRMT1. Inhibition of PRMT1 abrogated collagen type I and fibronectin deposition, cell proliferation, and migration of ASMCs from asthmatic patients. CONCLUSIONS PRMT1 is a central regulator of tissue remodeling in ASMCs from asthmatic patients through the pathway: PDGF-BB-miR-19a-ERK1/2 MAPK and STAT1. Low miR-19a expression in ASMCs from asthmatic patients is the key event that results in constitutive increased PRMT1 expression and remodeling. Therefore PRMT1 is an attractive target to limit airway wall remodeling in asthmatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhu Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Ministry of Education), Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China; Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Ministry of Education), Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Stem Cells and Hematopoiesis, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jyotshna Mandal
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Petra Khan
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katrin E Hostettler
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daiana Stolz
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Tamm
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Molino
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Didier Lardinois
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shemin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Ministry of Education), Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
| | - Michael Roth
- Pneumology and Pulmonary Cell Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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28
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Inoue H, Ito I, Niimi A, Matsumoto H, Matsuoka H, Jinnai M, Takeda T, Oguma T, Otsuka K, Nakaji H, Tajiri T, Iwata T, Nagasaki T, Kanemitsu Y, Mishima M. CT-assessed large airway involvement and lung function decline in eosinophilic asthma: The association between induced sputum eosinophil differential counts and airway remodeling. J Asthma 2016; 53:914-21. [PMID: 27115448 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2016.1167903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Eosinophilic asthma (EA) is a distinct clinical phenotype characterized by eosinophilic airway inflammation and airway remodeling. Few studies have used computed tomography (CT) scanning to assess the association between sputum eosinophil differential counts and airway involvement. We aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and airway involvement of EA, and to examine the correlation between induced sputum eosinophil differential counts and CT-assessed airway remodeling. METHODS We retrospectively divided 63 patients with stable asthma receiving inhaled corticosteroids into 2 groups: 26 patients with EA (sputum eosinophil >3%) and 37 patients with non-eosinophilic asthma (NEA). Clinical measurements such as spirometry, fractional exhaled nitric oxide levels (FeNO), and CT-assessed indices of airway involvement were compared between the groups. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify determinants of the percentage of wall area (WA%). RESULTS The EA group had significantly longer asthma duration, lower pulmonary function, and higher FeNO than the NEA group. Also, the EA group had higher WA% and smaller airway luminal area than the NEA group. Sputum eosinophil differential counts and WA% were positively correlated. The multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the factors associated with WA% included sputum eosinophil differential counts, age, and body mass index. However, asthma duration was not associated with WA%. Our CT-assessed findings demonstrated large airway involvement in EA, and we observed a positive association between induced sputum eosinophil differential counts and WA%. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that induced sputum eosinophil differential counts may be associated with airway remodeling in patients with stable asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Inoue
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan.,b University of Pittsburgh Asthma Institute at UPMC, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine Division, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - Isao Ito
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Akio Niimi
- c Department of Respiratory Medicine , Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University , Nagoya , Aichi , Japan
| | - Hisako Matsumoto
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Hirofumi Matsuoka
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Makiko Jinnai
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Tomoshi Takeda
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Oguma
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Kojiro Otsuka
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Hitoshi Nakaji
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Tomoko Tajiri
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Iwata
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Tadao Nagasaki
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kanemitsu
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Michiaki Mishima
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
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Abstract
The two biological mechanisms that determine types of malignancy are infiltration and metastasis, for which tumour microenvironment plays a key role in developing and establishing the morphology, growth and invasiveness of a malignancy. The microenvironment is formed by complex tissue containing the extracellular matrix, tumour and non-tumour cells, a signalling network of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and proteases that control autocrine and paracrine communication among individual cells, facilitating tumour progression. During the development of the primary tumour, the tumour stroma and continuous genetic changes within the cells makes it possible for them to migrate, having to count on a pre-metastatic niche receptor that allows the tumour’s survival and distant growth. These niches are induced by factors produced by the primary tumour; if it is eradicated, the active niches become responsible for activating the latent disseminated cells. Due to the importance of these mechanisms, the strategies that develop tumour cells during tumour progression and the way in which the microenvironment influences the formation of metastasis are reviewed. It also suggests that the metastatic niche can be an ideal target for new treatments that make controlling metastasis possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Arvelo
- Centro de Biociencias, Fundación Instituto de Estudios Avanzado [IDEA], Caracas 1015-A, Venezuela, Apartado 17606, Caracas 1015-A, Venezuela; Laboratorio de Cultivo de Tejidos y Biología de Tumores, Instituto de Biología Experimental, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Apartado 47114, Caracas, 1041-A, Venezuela
| | - Felipe Sojo
- Centro de Biociencias, Fundación Instituto de Estudios Avanzado [IDEA], Caracas 1015-A, Venezuela, Apartado 17606, Caracas 1015-A, Venezuela; Laboratorio de Cultivo de Tejidos y Biología de Tumores, Instituto de Biología Experimental, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Apartado 47114, Caracas, 1041-A, Venezuela
| | - Carlos Cotte
- Laboratorio de Cultivo de Tejidos y Biología de Tumores, Instituto de Biología Experimental, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Apartado 47114, Caracas, 1041-A, Venezuela
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30
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Yang CH, Tsao CF, Ko WS, Chiou YL. The Oligo Fucoidan Inhibits Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-Stimulated Proliferation of Airway Smooth Muscle Cells. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:15. [PMID: 26761017 PMCID: PMC4728512 DOI: 10.3390/md14010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pathogenesis of asthma, the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) is a key factor in airway remodeling and causes airway narrowing. In addition, ASMCs are also the effector cells of airway inflammation. Fucoidan extracted from marine brown algae polysaccharides has antiviral, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticlotting, and anticancer properties; however, its effectiveness for asthma has not been elucidated thus far. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-treated primary ASMCs were cultured with or without oligo-fucoidan (100, 500, or 1000 µg/mL) to evaluate its effects on cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and Akt, ERK1/2 signaling pathway. We found that PDGF (40 ng/mL) increased the proliferation of ASMCs by 2.5-fold after 48 h (p < 0.05). Oligo-fucoidan reduced the proliferation of PDGF-stimulated ASMCs by 75%-99% after 48 h (p < 0.05) and induced G₁/G₀ cell cycle arrest, but did not induce apoptosis. Further, oligo-fucoidan supplementation reduced PDGF-stimulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), Akt, and nuclear factor (NF)-κB phosphorylation. Taken together, oligo-fucoidan supplementation might reduce proliferation of PDGF-treated ASMCs through the suppression of ERK1/2 and Akt phosphorylation and NF-κB activation. The results provide basis for future animal experiments and human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Huei Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kuang-Tien General Hospital, No. 117, Shatian Road Shalu District, Taichung City 433, Taiwan.
| | - Chiung-Fang Tsao
- Department of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, 34 Chung-Chie Rd, Sha Lu, Taichung 443, Taiwan.
| | - Wang-Sheng Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kuang-Tien General Hospital, No. 117, Shatian Road Shalu District, Taichung City 433, Taiwan.
- Institute of BioMedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, 34 Chung-Chie Rd, Sha Lu, Taichung 443, Taiwan.
| | - Ya-Ling Chiou
- Institute of BioMedical Nutrition, Hungkuang University, 34 Chung-Chie Rd, Sha Lu, Taichung 443, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Hungkuang University, 34 Chung-Chie Rd, Sha Lu, Taichung 443, Taiwan.
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31
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Kwak HJ, Park DW, Seo JY, Moon JY, Kim TH, Sohn JW, Shin DH, Yoon HJ, Park SS, Kim SH. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway regulates the development of airway remodeling in patients with asthma. Exp Mol Med 2015; 47:e198. [PMID: 26655831 PMCID: PMC4686695 DOI: 10.1038/emm.2015.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway remodeling is a key characteristic of chronic asthma, particularly in patients with a fixed airflow limitation. The mechanisms underlying airway remodeling are poorly understood, and no therapeutic option is available. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including fibrosis and smooth muscle hypertrophy. In this study, we investigated the roles of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in airway remodeling in patients with asthma. Wnt7a mRNA expression was prominent in induced sputum from patients with asthma compared with that from healthy controls. Next, we induced a chronic asthma mouse model with airway remodeling features, including subepithelial fibrosis and airway smooth muscle hyperplasia. Higher expression of Wnt family proteins and β-catenin was detected in the lung tissue of mice with chronic asthma compared to control mice. Blocking β-catenin expression with a specific siRNA attenuated airway inflammation and airway remodeling. Decreased subepithelial fibrosis and collagen accumulation in the β-catenin siRNA-treated mice was accompanied by reduced expression of transforming growth factor-β. We further showed that suppressing β-catenin in the chronic asthma model inhibited smooth muscle hyperplasia by downregulating the tenascin C/platelet-derived growth factor receptor pathway. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is highly expressed and regulates the development of airway remodeling in chronic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Kwak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Won Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Young Seo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yong Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae Hyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jang Won Sohn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Ho Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Joo Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Liu W, Kong H, Zeng X, Wang J, Wang Z, Yan X, Wang Y, Xie W, Wang H. Iptakalim inhibits PDGF-BB-induced human airway smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration. Exp Cell Res 2015; 336:204-10. [PMID: 26160451 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic airway diseases are characterized by airway remodeling which is attributed partly to the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels have been identified in ASMCs. Mount evidence has suggested that KATP channel openers can reduce airway hyperresponsiveness and alleviate airway remodeling. Opening K(+) channels triggers K(+) efflux, which leading to membrane hyperpolarization, preventing Ca(2+)entry through closing voltage-operated Ca(2+) channels. Intracellular Ca(2+) is the most important regulator of muscle contraction, cell proliferation and migration. K(+) efflux decreases Ca(2+) influx, which consequently influences ASMCs proliferation and migration. As a KATP channel opener, iptakalim (Ipt) has been reported to restrain the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) involved in vascular remodeling, while little is known about its impact on ASMCs. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Ipt on human ASMCs and the mechanisms underlying. Results obtained from cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometry and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation showed that Ipt significantly inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced ASMCs proliferation. ASMCs migration induced by PDGF-BB was also suppressed by Ipt in transwell migration and scratch assay. Besides, the phosphorylation of Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase B (Akt), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) were as well alleviated by Ipt administration. Furthermore, we found that the inhibition of Ipt on the PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and migration in human ASMCs was blocked by glibenclamide (Gli), a selective KATP channel antagonist. These findings provide a strong evidence to support that Ipt antagonize the proliferating and migrating effects of PDGF-BB on human ASMCs through opening KATP channels. Altogether, our results highlighted a novel profile of Ipt as a potent option against the airway remodeling in chronic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hui Kong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaoning Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Zailiang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiaopei Yan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Weiping Xie
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Johnson JR, Folestad E, Rowley JE, Noll EM, Walker SA, Lloyd CM, Rankin SM, Pietras K, Eriksson U, Fuxe J. Pericytes contribute to airway remodeling in a mouse model of chronic allergic asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 308:L658-71. [PMID: 25637607 PMCID: PMC4385988 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00286.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblast accumulation, subepithelial fibrosis, and vascular remodeling are complicating features of chronic asthma, but the mechanisms are not clear. Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGFs) regulate the fate and function of various mesenchymal cells and have been implicated as mediators of lung fibrosis. However, it is not known whether PDGF-BB signaling via PDGFRβ, which is critical for the recruitment of pericytes to blood vessels, plays a role in airway remodeling in chronic asthma. In the present study, we used a selective PDGFRβ inhibitor (CP-673451) to investigate the role of PDGFRβ signaling in the development of airway remodeling and lung dysfunction in an established mouse model of house dust mite-induced chronic allergic asthma. Unexpectedly, we found that pharmacological inhibition of PDGFRβ signaling in the context of chronic aeroallergen exposure led to exacerbated lung dysfunction and airway smooth muscle thickening. Further studies revealed that the inflammatory response to aeroallergen challenge in mice was associated with decreased PDGF-BB expression and the loss of pericytes from the airway microvasculature. In parallel, cells positive for pericyte markers accumulated in the subepithelial region of chronically inflamed airways. This process was exacerbated in animals treated with CP-673451. The results indicate that perturbed PDGF-BB/PDGFRβ signaling and pericyte accumulation in the airway wall may contribute to airway remodeling in chronic allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill R Johnson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Matrix Division, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Erika Folestad
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Matrix Division, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica E Rowley
- Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Elisa M Noll
- Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Simone A Walker
- Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Clare M Lloyd
- Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Sara M Rankin
- Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Kristian Pietras
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Matrix Division, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Lund University, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Eriksson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Matrix Division, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Fuxe
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Matrix Division, Division of Vascular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Al-Alawi M, Hassan T, Chotirmall SH. Transforming growth factor β and severe asthma: a perfect storm. Respir Med 2014; 108:1409-23. [PMID: 25240764 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease involving complex interplay between resident and infiltrative cells, which in turn are regulated by a wide range of host mediators. Identifying useful biomarkers correlating with clinical symptoms and degree of airway obstruction remain important to effective future asthma treatments. Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a major mediator involved in pro-inflammatory responses and fibrotic tissue remodeling within the asthmatic lung. Its role however, as a therapeutic target remains controversial. The aim of this review is to highlight its role in severe asthma including interactions with adaptive T-helper cells, cytokines and differentiation through regulatory T-cells. Associations between TGF-β and eosinophils will be addressed and the effects of genetic polymorphisms of the TGF-β1 gene explored in the context of asthma. We highlight TGF-β1 as a potential future therapeutic target in severe asthma including its importance in identifying emerging clinical phenotypes in asthmatic subjects who may be suitable for individualized therapy through TGF-β modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen Al-Alawi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Tidi Hassan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Sanjay H Chotirmall
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
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Dai Y, Li F, Wu L, Wang R, Li P, Yan S, Xu H, Xia M, Bai C. Roxithromycin treatment inhibits TGF-β1-induced activation of ERK and AKT and down-regulation of caveolin-1 in rat airway smooth muscle cells. Respir Res 2014; 15:96. [PMID: 25109503 PMCID: PMC4256937 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-014-0096-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roxithromycin (RXM) has been widely used in asthma treatment; however, the mechanism has not been fully understood. The aim of our study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of RXM treatment in mediating the effect of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 on airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) proliferation and caveolinn-1 expression. METHODS Firstly, the rat ovalbumin (OVA) model was built according to the previous papers. Rat ASMCs were prepared and cultured, and then TGF-β1 production in ASMCs was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, the proliferation of ASMCs was determined using cell counting kit (CCK-8) assay. Additionally, the expressions of caveolin-1, phosphorylated-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and phosphorylated-AKT (p-AKT) in ASMCs treated with or without PD98059 (an ERK1/2 inhibitor), wortannin (a PI3K inhibitor), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and RXM were measured by Western blot. Finally, data were evaluated using t-test or one-way ANOVA, and then a P value < 0.05 was set as a threshold. RESULTS Compared with normal control, TGF-β1 secretion was significantly increased in asthmatic ASMCs; meanwhile, TGF-β1 promoted ASMCs proliferation (P < 0.05). However, ASMCs proliferation was remarkably inhibited by RXM, β-CD, PD98059 and wortmannin (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expressions of p-ERK1/2 and p-AKT were increased and peaked at 20 min after TGF-β1 stimulation, and then suppressed by RXM. Further, caveolin-1 level was down-regulated by TGF-β1 and up-regulated by inhibitors and RXM. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that RXM treatment inhibits TGF-β1-induced activation of ERK and AKT and down-regulation of caveolin-1, which may be the potential mechanism of RXM protection from chronic inflammatory diseases, including bronchial asthma.
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Integration of proteomic and transcriptomic profiles identifies a novel PDGF-MYC network in human smooth muscle cells. Cell Commun Signal 2014; 12:44. [PMID: 25080971 PMCID: PMC4422302 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-014-0044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) has been implicated in the proliferation, migration and synthetic activities of smooth muscle cells that characterize physiologic and pathologic tissue remodeling in hollow organs. However, neither the molecular basis of PDGFR-regulated signaling webs, nor the extent to which specific components within these networks could be exploited for therapeutic benefit has been fully elucidated. Results Expression profiling and quantitative proteomics analysis of PDGF-treated primary human bladder smooth muscle cells identified 1,695 genes and 241 proteins as differentially expressed versus non-treated cells. Analysis of gene expression data revealed MYC, JUN, EGR1, MYB, RUNX1, as the transcription factors most significantly networked with up-regulated genes. Forty targets were significantly altered at both the mRNA and protein levels. Proliferation, migration and angiogenesis were the biological processes most significantly associated with this signature, and MYC was the most highly networked master regulator. Alterations in master regulators and gene targets were validated in PDGF-stimulated smooth muscle cells in vitro and in a model of bladder injury in vivo. Pharmacologic inhibition of MYC and JUN confirmed their role in SMC proliferation and migration. Network analysis identified the diaphanous-related formin 3 as a novel PDGF target regulated by MYC and JUN, which was necessary for PDGF-stimulated lamellipodium formation. Conclusions These findings provide the first systems-level analysis of the PDGF-regulated transcriptome and proteome in normal smooth muscle cells. The analyses revealed an extensive cohort of PDGF-dependent biological processes and connected key transcriptional effectors to their regulation, significantly expanding current knowledge of PDGF-stimulated signaling cascades. These observations also implicate MYC as a novel target for pharmacological intervention in fibroproliferative expansion of smooth muscle, and potentially in cancers in which PDGFR-dependent signaling or MYC activation promote tumor progression.
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Royce SG, Li X, Tortorella S, Goodings L, Chow BSM, Giraud AS, Tang MLK, Samuel CS. Mechanistic insights into the contribution of epithelial damage to airway remodeling. Novel therapeutic targets for asthma. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2014; 50:180-92. [PMID: 23980699 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2013-0008oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that an inherent airway epithelial repair defect is the root cause of airway remodeling in asthma. However, the relationship between airway epithelial injury and repair, airway remodeling, and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) has not been directly examined. We investigated the contribution of epithelial damage and repair to the development of airway remodeling and AHR using a validated naphthalene (NA)-induced murine model of airway injury. In addition, we examined the endogenous versus exogenous role of the epithelial repair peptide trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) in disease pathogenesis. A single dose of NA (200 mg/kg in 10 ml/kg body weight corn oil [CO] vehicle, intraperitoneally) was administered to mice. Control mice were treated with CO (10 ml/kg body weight, intraperitoneally). At 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after NA or CO injection, AHR and various measures of airway remodeling were examined by invasive plethysmography and morphometric analyses, respectively. TFF2-deficient mice and intranasal treatment were used to examine the role of the epithelial repair peptide. NA treatment induced denudation and apoptosis of airway epithelial cells, goblet cell metaplasia, elevated AHR, and increased levels of endogenous TFF2. Airway epithelial changes peaked at 12 hours after NA treatment, whereas airway remodeling changes were observed from 48 hours. TFF2 was protective against epithelial damage and induced remodeling and was found to mediate organ protection via a platelet-derived growth factor-associated mechanism. Our findings directly demonstrate the contribution of epithelial damage to airway remodeling and AHR and suggest that preventing airway epithelial damage and promoting epithelial repair may have therapeutic implications for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon G Royce
- 1 Department of Allergy and Immune Disorders, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Rogers NK, Clements D, Dongre A, Harrison TW, Shaw D, Johnson SR. Extra-cellular matrix proteins induce matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) activity and increase airway smooth muscle contraction in asthma. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90565. [PMID: 24587395 PMCID: PMC3938782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Airway remodelling describes the histopathological changes leading to fixed airway obstruction in patients with asthma and includes extra-cellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is present in remodelled airways but its relationship with ECM proteins and the resulting functional consequences are unknown. We used airway smooth muscle cells (ASM) and bronchial biopsies from control donors and patients with asthma to examine the regulation of MMP-1 by ECM in ASM cells and the effect of MMP-1 on ASM contraction. Collagen-I and tenascin-C induced MMP-1 protein expression, which for tenascin-C, was greater in asthma derived ASM cells. Tenascin-C induced MMP-1 expression was dependent on ERK1/2, JNK and p38 MAPK activation and attenuated by function blocking antibodies against the β1 and β3 integrin subunits. Tenascin-C and MMP-1 were not expressed in normal airways but co-localised in the ASM bundles and reticular basement membrane of patients with asthma. Further, ECM from asthma derived ASM cells stimulated MMP-1 expression to a greater degree than ECM from normal ASM. Bradykinin induced contraction of ASM cells seeded in 3D collagen gels was reduced by the MMP inhibitor ilomastat and by siRNA knockdown of MMP-1. In summary, the induction of MMP-1 in ASM cells by tenascin-C occurs in part via integrin mediated MAPK signalling. MMP-1 and tenascin-C are co-localised in the smooth muscle bundles of patients with asthma where this interaction may contribute to enhanced airway contraction. Our findings suggest that ECM changes in airway remodelling via MMP-1 could contribute to an environment promoting greater airway narrowing in response to broncho-constrictor stimuli and worsening asthma symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha K. Rogers
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Clements
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Arundhati Dongre
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Tim W. Harrison
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Shaw
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
| | - Simon R. Johnson
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Respiratory Research Unit, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England, United Kingdom
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Recombinant rat CC10 protein inhibits PDGF-induced airway smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:690937. [PMID: 24106713 PMCID: PMC3784082 DOI: 10.1155/2013/690937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Revised: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal migration and proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in the airway cause airway wall thickening, which is strongly related with the development of airway remodeling in asthma. Clara cell 10 kDa protein (CC10), which is secreted by the epithelial clara cells of the pulmonary airways, plays an important role in the regulation of immunological and inflammatory processes. Previous studies suggested that CC10 protein had great protective effects against inflammation in asthma. However, the effects of CC10 protein on ASMCs migration and proliferation in airway remodeling were poorly understood. In this study, we constructed the pET-22b-CC10 recombinant plasmid, induced expression and purified the recombinant rat CC10 protein from E. coli by Ni(2+) affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography purification. We investigated the effect of recombinant rat CC10 protein on platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-induced ASMCs proliferation and migration. Our results demonstrated that the recombinant CC10 protein could inhibit PDGF-BB-induced cell viability, proliferation and migration. Western blot analysis showed that PDGF-BB-induced activation of cyclin D1 was inhibited by CC10. These findings implicated that CC10 could inhibit increased ASMCs proliferation, and migration induced by PDGF-BB, and this suppression effect might be associated with inhibition of cyclin D1 expression, which might offer hope for the future treatment of airway remodeling.
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Movassagh H, Shan L, Halayko AJ, Roth M, Tamm M, Chakir J, Gounni AS. Neuronal chemorepellent Semaphorin 3E inhibits human airway smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2013; 133:560-7. [PMID: 23932461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic airway diseases, including asthma, are characterized by increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass that is due in part to growth factor-mediated ASM cell proliferation and migration. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects are not completely understood. Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) has emerged as an essential mediator involved in cell migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis, although its role in ASM cell function is not investigated. OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the expression of Sema3E receptor, plexinD1, in human ASM cells (HASMCs); effect of Sema3E on basal and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced proliferation and migration; and underlying signaling pathways. METHODS Expression of plexinD1 in HASMCs was studied with RT-PCR, immunostaining, and flow cytometry. The effect of Sema3E on HASMC proliferation and migration was evaluated by 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation, cell count, and Boyden chamber assay. Sema3E-mediated intracellular signaling was investigated with fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry, Rac1 activation, and Western blot analysis. RESULTS HASMCs from healthy persons expressed plexinD1 more than HASMCs from asthmatic patients. Sema3E increased plexinD1 expression in HASMCs from asthmatic patients. Recombinant Sema3E inhibited PDGF-mediated HASMC proliferation and migration, which was associated with F-actin depolymerization, suppression of PDGF-induced Rac1 guanosine triphosphatase activity, and Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 phosphorylation. Bronchial biopsies from patients with mild asthma displayed immunoreactivity of plexinD1, suggesting the potential in vivo role of Sema3E-PlexinD1 axis in HASMC function. CONCLUSION This study provides the first evidence that Sema3E receptor is expressed and plays functional roles in HASMCs. Our data suggest a regulatory role of Sema3E in PDGF-mediated proliferation and migration, leading to downregulation of ASM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesam Movassagh
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lianyu Shan
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Andrew J Halayko
- Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Michael Roth
- University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Tamm
- University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jamila Chakir
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie du Quebec, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Abdelilah S Gounni
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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Gao YD, Zheng JW, Li P, Cheng M, Yang J. Store-operated Ca2+ entry is involved in transforming growth factor-β1 facilitated proliferation of rat airway smooth muscle cells. J Asthma 2013; 50:439-48. [PMID: 23452113 DOI: 10.3109/02770903.2013.778275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) in mediating the promoting effect of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 on the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs). METHODS Rat bronchial smooth muscle cells were cultured as we described previously. The intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) of ASMCs was measured by laser confocal microscope Ca(2+) fluorescence imaging with Fluo-3/AM. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and p27 expression assay were used to determine the proliferation rate of ASMCs. RESULTS We demonstrated that TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml) increased basal (Ca(2+)]i) level, [Ca(2+)]i rise induced by thapsigargin-induced Ca(2+) release and SOCE in rat ASMCs. This effect of TGF-β1 on SOCE was not inhibited by glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DXM, 100 nM), antioxidant α-tocopherol (100 μM), and intermediate-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels (IKCa) inhibitor charybdotoxin (100 nM), suggesting that reactive oxygen species and IKCa channels might not mediate the effect of TGF-β1. TGF-β1 slightly increased the expression of Orai1 and STIM1, two important molecules involved in the molecule component and regulation of SOC channels, in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). The proliferation of ASMC stimulated with 2.5% FBS was promoted by TGF-β1, and partly inhibited by non-specific Ca(2+) channel blocker SKF-96365 (10 μM) and Ni(2+) (100 μM). DXM, α-tocopherol, and charybdotoxin had no effect on the proliferation promoted by TGF-β1. CONCLUSION TGF-β1 promotes ASMC proliferation partly through increasing the expression and activity of SOC channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Dong Gao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Effect of fudosteine, a cysteine derivative, on airway hyperresponsiveness, inflammation, and remodeling in a murine model of asthma. Life Sci 2013; 92:1015-23. [PMID: 23583570 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Fudosteine is a cysteine derivative that is used as an expectorant in chronic bronchial inflammatory disorders. It has been shown to decrease the number of goblet cells in an animal model. This study examined the effects of fudosteine on airway inflammation and remodeling in a murine model of chronic asthma. MAIN METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized by an intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OVA), and subsequently challenged with nebulized ovalbumin three days a week for four weeks. Seventy-two hours after the fourth challenge, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and the cell composition of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were assessed. Fudosteine was administered orally at 10mg/kg or 100mg/kg body weight from the first to the fourth challenge. KEY FINDINGS We investigated the effects of fudosteine on the development of allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness after chronic allergen challenges. The administration of fudosteine during the challenge with ovalbumin prevented the development of airway hyperresponsiveness and accumulation of lymphocytes in the airways. Eotaxin, IL-4, and TGF-β levels and the relative intensity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in BAL fluid were reduced by the fudosteine treatment; however, the number of eosinophils in BAL fluid and serum IgE levels did not change. The expression of TGF-β, the development of goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial collagenization, and basement membrane thickening were also reduced by the fudosteine treatment. SIGNIFICANCE These results indicate that fudosteine is effective in reducing airway hyperresponsiveness, airway inflammation, and airway remodeling in a murine model of chronic asthma.
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Spinelli AM, González-Cobos JC, Zhang X, Motiani RK, Rowan S, Zhang W, Garrett J, Vincent PA, Matrougui K, Singer HA, Trebak M. Airway smooth muscle STIM1 and Orai1 are upregulated in asthmatic mice and mediate PDGF-activated SOCE, CRAC currents, proliferation, and migration. Pflugers Arch 2012; 464:481-92. [PMID: 23014880 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-012-1160-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Airway smooth muscle cell (ASMC) remodeling contributes to the structural changes in the airways that are central to the clinical manifestations of asthma. Ca(2+) signals play an important role in ASMC remodeling through control of ASMC migration and hypertrophy/proliferation. Upregulation of STIM1 and Orai1 proteins, the molecular components of the store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) pathway, has recently emerged as an important mediator of vascular remodeling. However, the potential upregulation of STIM1 and Orai1 in asthmatic airways remains unknown. An important smooth muscle migratory agonist with major contributions to ASMC remodeling is the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Nevertheless, the Ca(2+) entry route activated by PDGF in ASMC remains elusive. Here, we show that STIM1 and Orai1 protein levels are greatly upregulated in ASMC isolated from ovalbumin-challenged asthmatic mice, compared to control mice. Furthermore, we show that PDGF activates a Ca(2+) entry pathway in rat primary ASMC that is pharmacologically reminiscent of SOCE. Molecular knockdown of STIM1 and Orai1 proteins inhibited PDGF-activated Ca(2+) entry in these cells. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings revealed the activation of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) current by PDGF in ASMC. These CRAC currents were abrogated upon either STIM1 or Orai1 knockdown. We show that either STIM1 or Orai1 knockdown significantly inhibited ASMC proliferation and chemotactic migration in response to PDGF. These results implicate STIM1 and Orai1 in PDGF-induced ASMC proliferation and migration and suggest the potential use of STIM1 and Orai1 as targets for ASMC remodeling during asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Spinelli
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, Mail Code 8, 47 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA
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Abstract
Airway smooth muscle has classically been of interest for its contractile response linked to bronchoconstriction. However, terminally differentiated smooth muscle cells are phenotypically plastic and have multifunctional capacity for proliferation, cellular hypertrophy, migration, and the synthesis of extracellular matrix and inflammatory mediators. These latter properties of airway smooth muscle are important in airway remodeling which is a structural alteration that compounds the impact of contractile responses on limiting airway conductance. In this overview, we describe the important signaling components and the functional evidence supporting a view of smooth muscle cells at the core of fibroproliferative remodeling of hollow organs. Signal transduction components and events are summarized that control the basic cellular processes of proliferation, cell survival, apoptosis, and cellular migration. We delineate known intracellular control mechanisms and suggest future areas of interest to pursue to more fully understand factors that regulate normal myocyte function and airway remodeling in obstructive lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- William T Gerthoffer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, USA.
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The pivotal role of airway smooth muscle in asthma pathophysiology. J Allergy (Cairo) 2011; 2011:742710. [PMID: 22220184 PMCID: PMC3246780 DOI: 10.1155/2011/742710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by the association of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), inflammation, and remodelling. The aim of the present article is to review the pivotal role of airway smooth muscle (ASM) in the pathophysiology of asthma. ASM is the main effector of AHR. The mechanisms of AHR in asthma may involve a larger release of contractile mediators and/or a lower release of relaxant mediators, an improved ASM cell excitation/contraction coupling, and/or an alteration in the contraction/load coupling. Beyond its contractile function, ASM is also involved in bronchial inflammation and remodelling. Whereas ASM is a target of the inflammatory process, it can also display proinflammatory and immunomodulatory functions, through its synthetic properties and the expression of a wide range of cell surface molecules. ASM remodelling represents a key feature of asthmatic bronchial remodelling. ASM also plays a role in promoting complementary airway structural alterations, in particular by its synthetic function.
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Moon IJ, Kim DY, Rhee CS, Lee CH, Min YG. Role of angiogenic factors in airway remodeling in an allergic rhinitis murine model. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2011; 4:37-45. [PMID: 22211169 PMCID: PMC3242059 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2012.4.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is growing evidence that nasal airway remodeling occurs in allergic rhinitis (AR). Although angiogenesis is an important component of airway remodeling in asthma, its involvement in AR has been little studied. Furthermore, information regarding the role of potent angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), in the nasal airway remodeling process is limited. This study was conducted to investigate the role of VEGF and PDGF in nasal airway remodeling, and to assess the preventive effects of anti-angiogenic drugs on this process in a murine AR model. METHODS Mice were systemically sensitized and subjected to inhalation of ovalbumin (OVA) twice a week for 3 months. Control mice were challenged with phosphate buffered saline, while the treatment group received SU1498, a VEGF receptor inhibitor, and/or AG1296, a PDGF receptor inhibitor, via intraperitoneal injection 4 hours prior to each OVA inhalation. Staining using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and periodic acid-Schiff were separately performed to assess eosinophil infiltration, subepithelial fibrosis, and goblet cell hyperplasia, respectively, in the nasal airway. Immunohistochemical staining for matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) was also conducted. RESULTS Repetitive intranasal inhalation of OVA resulted in significant increases in eosinophil infiltration, subepithelial fibrosis, goblet cell count, and MMP-9/TIMP-1 expression. Administration of SU1498 or AG1296 prevented these abnormal responses. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that a causal relationship may exist between angiogenic factors and nasal airway remodeling in AR. Inhibition of VEGF or PDGF receptors may, in turn, suppress the remodeling process through the regulation of MMP-9/TIMP-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Joon Moon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Study of gastric fluid induced cytokine and chemokine expression in airway smooth muscle cells and airway remodeling. Cytokine 2011; 56:726-31. [PMID: 21996013 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease. Chronic aspiration by gastric fluid in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is considered a primary inflammatory factor exacerbating or predisposing patients to asthma. Airway smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are considered an important component in airway remodeling. To investigate the role of gastric fluid in airway SMC inflammation and airway remodeling, we examined gastric fluid-induced cytokine and chemokine profiles, airway SMC migration and matrix metalloproteinase expression in rat primary rat airway SMCs. The T helper cell type 2 (Th2) cytokines interleukin 4, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor 2 (TNF-α) and the chemokines, lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine (LIX/CXCL5), cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant 2 (CINC-2), CINC-3, fractalkine, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and vascular endothelial growth factor were induced by gastric fluid in primary cultured rat airway SMCs. Migration of rat airway SMCs was enhanced by gastric fluid and conditioned medium. The migration of rat airway SMCs enhanced by gastric fluid was associated with actin polymerization and activation of focal adhesion kinase. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 expressions in airway SMCs was enhanced by gastric fluid and conditioned medium. The results suggest potential mechanisms by which gastric fluid aspiration might influence SMC-mediated airway remodeling.
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Al-Muhsen S, Johnson JR, Hamid Q. Remodeling in asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011; 128:451-62; quiz 463-4. [PMID: 21636119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 04/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Airway remodeling encompasses the structural alterations in asthmatic compared with normal airways. Airway remodeling in asthmatic patients involves a wide array of pathophysiologic features, including epithelial changes, increased smooth muscle mass, increased numbers of activated fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, subepithelial fibrosis, and vascular changes. Multiple cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors released from both inflammatory and structural cells in the airway tissue create a complex signaling environment that drives these structural changes. However, recent investigations have changed our understanding of asthma from a purely inflammatory disease to a disease in which both inflammatory and structural components are equally involved. Several reports have suggested that asthma primarily develops because of serious defects in the epithelial layer that allow environmental allergens, microorganisms, and toxins greater access to the airway tissue and that can also stimulate the release of mediators from the epithelium, thus contributing to tissue remodeling. Lung-resident fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of airway remodeling. Remodeling is assumed to result in persistent airflow limitation, a decrease in lung function, and airway hyperresponsiveness. Asthmatic subjects experience an accelerated decrease in lung function compared with healthy subjects, which is proportionally related to the duration and severity of their disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleh Al-Muhsen
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Damera G, Panettieri RA. Does airway smooth muscle express an inflammatory phenotype in asthma? Br J Pharmacol 2011; 163:68-80. [PMID: 21175578 PMCID: PMC3085869 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01165.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to hyperresponsiveness in asthma, airway smooth muscle (ASM) also manifests an inflammatory phenotype characterized by augmented expression of mediators that enhance inflammation, contribute to tissue remodelling and augment leucocyte trafficking and activity. Our present review summarizes contemporary understanding of ASM-derived mediators and their paracrine and autocrine actions in airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gautam Damera
- Airways Biology Initiative, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA, USA
| | - Reynold A Panettieri
- Airways Biology Initiative, Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Division, Department of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA, USA
- Center of Excellence in Environmental Toxicology, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PA, USA
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Girodet PO, Ozier A, Bara I, Tunon de Lara JM, Marthan R, Berger P. Airway remodeling in asthma: new mechanisms and potential for pharmacological intervention. Pharmacol Ther 2011; 130:325-37. [PMID: 21334378 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The chronic inflammatory response within the airways of asthmatics is associated with structural changes termed airway remodeling. This remodeling process is a key feature of severe asthma. The 5-10% of patients with a severe form of the disease account for the higher morbidity and health costs related to asthma. Among the histopathological characteristics of airway remodeling, recent reports indicate that the increased mass of airway smooth muscle (ASM) plays a critical role. ASM cell proliferation in severe asthma implicates a gallopamil-sensitive calcium influx and the activation of calcium-calmodulin kinase IV leading to enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis through the activation of various transcription factors (PGC-1α, NRF-1 and mt-TFA). The altered expression and function of sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump could play a role in ASM remodeling in moderate to severe asthma. Additionally, aberrant communication between an injured airway epithelium and ASM could also contribute to disease severity. Airway remodeling is insensitive to corticosteroids and anti-leukotrienes whereas the effect of monoclonal antibodies (the anti-IgE omalizumab, the anti-interleukin-5 mepolizumab or anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha) remains to be investigated. This review focuses on potential new therapeutic strategies targeting ASM cells, especially Ca(2+) and mitochondria-dependent pathways.
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