1
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Grupstra CGB, Gómez-Corrales M, Fifer JE, Aichelman HE, Meyer-Kaiser KS, Prada C, Davies SW. Integrating cryptic diversity into coral evolution, symbiosis and conservation. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:622-636. [PMID: 38351091 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how diversity evolves and is maintained is critical to predicting the future trajectories of ecosystems under climate change; however, our understanding of these processes is limited in marine systems. Corals, which engineer reef ecosystems, are critically threatened by climate change, and global efforts are underway to conserve and restore populations as attempts to mitigate ocean warming continue. Recently, sequencing efforts have uncovered widespread undescribed coral diversity, including 'cryptic lineages'-genetically distinct but morphologically similar coral taxa. Such cryptic lineages have been identified in at least 24 coral genera spanning the anthozoan phylogeny and across ocean basins. These cryptic lineages co-occur in many reef systems, but their distributions often differ among habitats. Research suggests that cryptic lineages are ecologically specialized and several examples demonstrate differences in thermal tolerance, highlighting the critical implications of this diversity for predicting coral responses to future warming. Here, we draw attention to recent discoveries, discuss how cryptic diversity affects the study of coral adaptation and acclimation to future environments, explore how it shapes symbiotic partnerships, and highlight challenges and opportunities for conservation and restoration efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James E Fifer
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Carlos Prada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Sarah W Davies
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
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2
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Exploring the response of a key Mediterranean gorgonian to heat stress across biological and spatial scales. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21064. [PMID: 36473926 PMCID: PMC9726941 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25565-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors and processes that shape intra-specific sensitivity to heat stress is fundamental to better predicting the vulnerability of benthic species to climate change. Here, we investigate the response of a habitat-forming Mediterranean octocoral, the red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata (Risso, 1826) to thermal stress at multiple biological and geographical scales. Samples from eleven P. clavata populations inhabiting four localities separated by hundreds to more than 1500 km of coast and with contrasting thermal histories were exposed to a critical temperature threshold (25 °C) in a common garden experiment in aquaria. Ten of the 11 populations lacked thermotolerance to the experimental conditions provided (25 days at 25 °C), with 100% or almost 100% colony mortality by the end of the experiment. Furthermore, we found no significant association between local average thermal regimes nor recent thermal history (i.e., local water temperatures in the 3 months prior to the experiment) and population thermotolerance. Overall, our results suggest that local adaptation and/or acclimation to warmer conditions have a limited role in the response of P. clavata to thermal stress. The study also confirms the sensitivity of this species to warm temperatures across its distributional range and questions its adaptive capacity under ocean warming conditions. However, important inter-individual variation in thermotolerance was found within populations, particularly those exposed to the most severe prior marine heatwaves. These observations suggest that P. clavata could harbor adaptive potential to future warming acting on standing genetic variation (i.e., divergent selection) and/or environmentally-induced phenotypic variation (i.e., intra- and/or intergenerational plasticity).
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3
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Genetic analyses reveal temporal stability and connectivity pattern in blue and red shrimp Aristeus antennatus populations. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21505. [PMID: 33299046 PMCID: PMC7725768 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78634-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal variability of the genetic structure and connectivity patterns of the blue and red shrimp Aristeus antennatus in the seven most important fishing grounds of the Western Mediterranean Sea, were assessed using twelve microsatellite loci during 2 consecutive years (2016 and 2017), in a total of 1403 adult individuals. A high level of geographical connectivity among groups was observed in the two studied years. In fact, no significant geographical differentiation was found in 2016 (FST = 0.0018, p > 0.05), whereas it was indicated in 2017 (FST = 0.0025, p < 0.05). This small divergence in 2017 was not attributed to the distance among locations nor to the effect of the Ibiza Channel. Significant allele frequency changes were found at local level between the 2 years (FCT = 0.0006, p < 0.05), mainly due to Blanes’ fishing ground. Larval dispersal from the North to the South through the main superficial current supports the high level of connectivity pattern found. The temporal genetic instability detected in the Blanes’ fishing ground could be explained by oceanographic temporary features. Our findings evidence only one biological unit in the study region and establish the baseline for an inter-federal management plan of A. antennatus.
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4
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Guizien K, Viladrich N, Martínez-Quintana Á, Bramanti L. Survive or swim: different relationships between migration potential and larval size in three sympatric Mediterranean octocorals. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18096. [PMID: 33093585 PMCID: PMC7581755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge about migration potential is key to forecasting species distributions in changing environments. For many marine benthic invertebrates, migration happens during reproduction because of larval dispersal. The present study aims to test whether larval size can be used as a surrogate for migration potential arising from larval longevity, competence, sinking, or swimming behavior. The hypothesis was tested using larvae of three sympatric gorgonian species that release brooded lecithotrophic larvae in the same season: Paramuricea clavata, Corallium rubrum and Eunicella singularis. Despite different fecundities and larval sizes, the median larval longevity was similar among the three species. Free-fall speed increased with larval size. Nevertheless, the only net sinkers were the P. clavata larvae, as swimming was more common than free fall in the other two species with larger larvae. For the other two species, swimming activity frequency decreased as larval size increased. Interestingly, maximum larval longevity was lowest for the most active but intermediately sized larvae. Larval size did not covary consistently with any larval traits of the three species when considered individually. We thus advise not using larval size as a surrogate for migration potential in distribution models. The three species exemplified that different mechanisms, i.e., swimming activity or larval longevity, resulting from a trade-off in the use of energy reserves can facilitate migration, regardless of life history strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katell Guizien
- CNRS-Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des Environnements Benthiques, LECOB, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls Sur Mer, 1 avenue Pierre Fabre, 66650, Banyuls sur Mer, France.
| | - N Viladrich
- CNRS-Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des Environnements Benthiques, LECOB, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls Sur Mer, 1 avenue Pierre Fabre, 66650, Banyuls sur Mer, France.,Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Building C Campus UAB, 08193, Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Á Martínez-Quintana
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Environment and Sustainability, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.,Department of Geology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - L Bramanti
- CNRS-Sorbonne Université, Laboratoire d'Ecogéochimie des Environnements Benthiques, LECOB, Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls Sur Mer, 1 avenue Pierre Fabre, 66650, Banyuls sur Mer, France
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5
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The Genome Sequence of the Octocoral Paramuricea clavata - A Key Resource To Study the Impact of Climate Change in the Mediterranean. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:2941-2952. [PMID: 32660973 PMCID: PMC7467007 DOI: 10.1534/g3.120.401371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The octocoral, Paramuricea clavata, is a habitat-forming anthozoan with a key ecological role in rocky benthic and biodiversity-rich communities in the Mediterranean and Eastern Atlantic. Shallow populations of P. clavata in the North-Western Mediterranean are severely affected by warming-induced mass mortality events (MMEs). These MMEs have differentially impacted individuals and populations of P. clavata (i.e., varied levels of tissue necrosis and mortality rates) over thousands of kilometers of coastal areas. The eco-evolutionary processes, including genetic factors, contributing to these differential responses remain to be characterized. Here, we sequenced a P. clavata individual with short and long read technologies, producing 169.98 Gb of Illumina paired-end and 3.55 Gb of Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) reads. We obtained a de novo genome assembly accounting for 607 Mb in 64,145 scaffolds. The contig and scaffold N50s are 19.15 Kb and 23.92 Kb, respectively. Despite of the low contiguity of the assembly, its gene completeness is relatively high, including 75.8% complete and 9.4% fragmented genes out of the 978 metazoan genes contained in the metazoa_odb9 database. A total of 62,652 protein-coding genes have been annotated. This assembly is one of the few octocoral genomes currently available. This is undoubtedly a valuable resource for characterizing the genetic bases of the differential responses to thermal stress and for the identification of thermo-resistant individuals and populations. Overall, having the genome of P. clavata will facilitate studies of various aspects of its evolutionary ecology and elaboration of effective conservation plans such as active restoration to overcome the threats of global change.
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6
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Villamor A, Signorini LF, Costantini F, Terzin M, Abbiati M. Evidence of genetic isolation between two Mediterranean morphotypes of Parazoanthus axinellae. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13938. [PMID: 32811877 PMCID: PMC7434761 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70770-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Coralligenous assemblages are among the most species-rich and vulnerable habitats of the Mediterranean Sea. Nevertheless, data on connectivity patterns on species inhabiting these habitats, crucial to define management and protection priorities, are largely lacking. Moreover, unreliable species-level taxonomy can confound ecological studies and mislead management strategies. In the northwestern Mediterranean two Parazoanthus axinellae morphotypes differing in size, color and preferred substrate are found in sympatry. In this study, we used COI and ITS sequence polymorphism to assess (1) the genetic divergence between the two morphotypes, (2) their connectivity patterns and (3) their phylogenetic position within the Parazoanthidae. Specimens of P. axinellae were sampled in 11 locations along the northwestern Mediterranean; in 6 locations, samples of the two morphotypes were collected in sympatry. Small genetic diversity and structure were found within morphotypes, while marked and consistent differentiation was detected between them. Moreover, the less widespread morphotype appeared to be closer to Pacific species as P. juanfernandezii and P. elongatus. Our findings confirmed the limited knowledge on Parazoanthus species complex, and how this gap can have important implication for the conservation strategies of this widespread and valuable genus in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Villamor
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali (BiGeA) & Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), Università di Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy.,International Council for the Exploration of the Sea, HC Andersen 22-24, 1553, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lorenzo F Signorini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali (BiGeA) & Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), Università di Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy.,Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Federica Costantini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali (BiGeA) & Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), Università di Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy. .,CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196, Rome, Italy.
| | - Marko Terzin
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali (BiGeA) & Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), Università di Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Marco Abbiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche ed Ambientali (BiGeA) & Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali (CIRSA), Università di Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, 48123, Ravenna, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine, ISMAR, Bologna, Italy.,Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Università di Bologna, Via degli Ariani, 1, 48121, Ravenna, RA, Italy
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7
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Valisano L, Palma M, Pantaleo U, Calcinai B, Cerrano C. Characterization of North-Western Mediterranean coralligenous assemblages by video surveys and evaluation of their structural complexity. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 148:134-148. [PMID: 31442852 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Thanks to several European directives and conventions there is a general increase of awareness regarding the key ecological role of coralligenous habitats in the Mediterranean Sea, addressing several research projects to standardize protocols for the description of its integrity. Here we surveyed 13 stations along the Italian coasts of the Western Mediterranean Sea, using video-transects technique, comparing the biological structure of coralligenous assemblages and testing the importance of their three-dimensional complexity as a proxy to define their health conditions. We considered the diversity of taxa, fishing impacts and the entity of damage on gorgonian's choenenchyme due to thermal stress, to evidence a gradient in the coralligenous health conditions. Here we developed a method to evaluate coralligenous complexity, selecting categories of taxa particularly sensitive to multiple stressors, named Structural Descriptors to describe the three-dimensional structure of the bioconcretions and to assess a unique Index of 3D - Structural Complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Valisano
- DISVA, via Brecce Bianche, Monte Dago, Ancona 60132, Italy.
| | - Marco Palma
- DISVA, via Brecce Bianche, Monte Dago, Ancona 60132, Italy
| | | | | | - Carlo Cerrano
- DISVA, via Brecce Bianche, Monte Dago, Ancona 60132, Italy
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8
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Schunter C, Pascual M, Raventos N, Garriga J, Garza JC, Bartumeus F, Macpherson E. A novel integrative approach elucidates fine-scale dispersal patchiness in marine populations. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10796. [PMID: 31346216 PMCID: PMC6658486 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47200-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal is one of the main determining factors of population structure. In the marine habitat, well-connected populations with large numbers of reproducing individuals are common but even so population structure can exist on a small-scale. Variation in dispersal patterns between populations or over time is often associated to geographic distance or changing oceanographic barriers. Consequently, detecting structure and variation in dispersal on a fine-scale within marine populations still remains a challenge. Here we propose and use a novel approach of combining a clustering model, early-life history trait information from fish otoliths, spatial coordinates and genetic markers to detect very fine-scale dispersal patterns. We collected 1573 individuals (946 adults and 627 juveniles) of the black-faced blenny across a small-scale (2 km) coastline as well as at a larger-scale area (<50 kms). A total of 178 single nucleotide polymorphism markers were used to evaluate relatedness patterns within this well-connected population. In our clustering models we categorized SHORT-range dispersers to be potential local recruits based on their high relatedness within and low relatedness towards other spatial clusters. Local retention and/or dispersal of this potential local recruitment varied across the 2 km coastline with higher frequency of SHORT-range dispersers towards the southwest of the area for adults. An inverse pattern was found for juveniles, showing an increase of SHORT-range dispersers towards the northeast. As we rule out selective movement and mortality from one year to the next, this pattern reveals a complex but not full genetic mixing, and variability in coastal circulation is most likely the main driver of this fine-scale chaotic genetic patchiness within this otherwise homogeneous population. When focusing on the patterns within one recruitment season, we found large differences in temperatures (from approx. 17 °C to 25 °C) as well as pelagic larval duration (PLD) for juveniles from the beginning of the season and the end of the season. We were able to detect fine-scale differences in LONG-range juvenile dispersers, representing distant migrants, depending on whether they were born at the beginning of the season with a longer PLD, or at the end of the reproductive season. The ability to detect such fine-scale dispersal patchiness will aid in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of population structuring and chaotic patchiness in a wide range of species even with high potential dispersal abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Schunter
- Swire Institute of Marine Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.
| | - M Pascual
- Dept. Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística - IRBio, Universitat Barcelona, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Raventos
- Laboratorio de Analisis de Estructurad Biologicas de Crecimiento (CEAB-CSIC), Car. Acc. Cala St. Francesc 14, Blanes, 17300, Girona, Spain
| | - J Garriga
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Car. Acc. Cala St. Francesc 14, Blanes, 17300, Girona, Spain
| | - J C Garza
- Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service and University of California, 110 McAllister Way, Santa Cruz, 95060, USA
| | - F Bartumeus
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Car. Acc. Cala St. Francesc 14, Blanes, 17300, Girona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Ecològica i Aplicacions Forestals (CREAF), E08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Catalonia, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig de Lluís Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E Macpherson
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Car. Acc. Cala St. Francesc 14, Blanes, 17300, Girona, Spain
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9
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Pilczynska J, Cocito S, Boavida J, Serrão EA, Assis J, Fragkopoulou E, Queiroga H. Genetic diversity increases with depth in red gorgonian populations of the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6794. [PMID: 31179167 PMCID: PMC6536111 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the ocean, the variability of environmental conditions found along depth gradients exposes populations to contrasting levels of perturbation, which can be reflected in the overall patterns of species genetic diversity. At shallow sites, resource availability may structure large, persistent and well-connected populations with higher levels of diversity. In contrast, the more extreme conditions, such as thermal stress during heat waves, can lead to population bottlenecks and genetic erosion, inverting the natural expectation. Here we examine how genetic diversity varies along depth for a long-lived, important ecosystem-structuring species, the red gorgonian, Paramuricea clavata. Methods We used five polymorphic microsatellite markers to infer differences in genetic diversity and differentiation, and to detect bottleneck signs between shallow and deeper populations across the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. We further explored the potential relationship between depth and environmental gradients (temperature, ocean currents, productivity and slope) on the observed patterns of diversity by means of generalized linear mixed models. Results An overall pattern of higher genetic diversity was found in the deeper sites of the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. This pattern was largely explained by bottom temperatures, with a linear pattern of decreasing genetic diversity with increasing thermal stress. Genetic differentiation patterns showed higher gene flow within sites (i.e., shallow vs. deeper populations) than between sites. Recent genetic bottlenecks were found in two populations of shallow depths. Discussion Our results highlight the role of deep refugial populations safeguarding higher and unique genetic diversity for marine structuring species. Theoretical regression modelling demonstrated how thermal stress alone may reduce population sizes and diversity levels of shallow water populations. In fact, the examination of time series on a daily basis showed the upper water masses repeatedly reaching lethal temperatures for P. clavata. Differentiation patterns showed that the deep richer populations are isolated. Gene flow was also inferred across different depths; however, not in sufficient levels to offset the detrimental effects of surface environmental conditions on genetic diversity. The identification of deep isolated areas with high conservation value for the red gorgonian represents an important step in the face of ongoing and future climate changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pilczynska
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM-Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Cocito
- Italian Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development-ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Joana Boavida
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO) UM 110, Marseille, France
| | - Ester A Serrão
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Jorge Assis
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Eliza Fragkopoulou
- CCMAR-Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Henrique Queiroga
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM-Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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10
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Boscari E, Abbiati M, Badalamenti F, Bavestrello G, Benedetti‐Cecchi L, Cannas R, Cau A, Cerrano C, Chimienti G, Costantini F, Fraschetti S, Ingrosso G, Marino IAM, Mastrototaro F, Papetti C, Paterno M, Ponti M, Zane L, Congiu L. A population genomics insight by 2b‐RAD reveals populations' uniqueness along the Italian coastline in
Leptopsammia pruvoti
(Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae). DIVERS DISTRIB 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Boscari
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
| | - Marco Abbiati
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department for the Cultural heritage (DBC) University of Bologna Ravenna Italy
| | | | - Giorgio Bavestrello
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Earth, Environment and Science (DiSTAV) University of Genova Genova Italy
| | - Lisandro Benedetti‐Cecchi
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biology University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Rita Cannas
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA) University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | - Angelo Cau
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA) University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences (DiSVA) Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona Italy
| | - Giovanni Chimienti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biology University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
| | - Federica Costantini
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA) University of Bologna Ravenna Italy
| | - Simonetta Fraschetti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli Italy
- Department of Biology University of Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy
| | - Gianmarco Ingrosso
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA) University of Salento Lecce Italy
| | - Ilaria A. M. Marino
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
| | - Francesco Mastrototaro
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biology University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
| | - Chiara Papetti
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
| | - Marta Paterno
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
| | - Massimo Ponti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA) University of Bologna Ravenna Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zane
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
| | - Leonardo Congiu
- Department of Biology (DiBio) University of Padova Padova Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa) Roma Italy
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11
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Riesgo A, Taboada S, Pérez-Portela R, Melis P, Xavier JR, Blasco G, López-Legentil S. Genetic diversity, connectivity and gene flow along the distribution of the emblematic Atlanto-Mediterranean sponge Petrosia ficiformis (Haplosclerida, Demospongiae). BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:24. [PMID: 30651060 PMCID: PMC6335727 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Knowledge about the distribution of the genetic variation of marine species is fundamental to address species conservation and management strategies, especially in scenarios with mass mortalities. In the Mediterranean Sea, Petrosia ficiformis is one of the species most affected by temperature-related diseases. Our study aimed to assess its genetic structure, connectivity, and bottleneck signatures to understand its evolutionary history and to provide information to help design conservation strategies of sessile marine invertebrates. RESULTS We genotyped 280 individuals from 19 locations across the entire distribution range of P. ficiformis in the Atlanto-Mediterranean region at 10 microsatellite loci. High levels of inbreeding were detected in most locations (especially in the Macaronesia and the Western Mediterranean) and bottleneck signatures were only detected in Mediterranean populations, although not coinciding entirely with those with reported die-offs. We detected strong significant population differentiation, with the Atlantic populations being the most genetically isolated, and show that six clusters explained the genetic structure along the distribution range of this sponge. Although we detected a pattern of isolation by distance in P. ficiformis when all locations were analyzed together, stratified Mantel tests revealed that other factors could be playing a more prominent role than isolation by distance. Indeed, we detected a strong effect of oceanographic barriers impeding the gene flow among certain areas, the strongest one being the Almeria-Oran front, hampering gene flow between the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. Finally, migration and genetic diversity distribution analyses suggest a Mediterranean origin for the species. CONCLUSIONS In our study Petrosia ficiformis showed extreme levels of inbreeding and population differentiation, which could all be linked to the poor swimming abilities of the larva. However, the observed moderate migration patterns are highly difficult to reconcile with such poor larval dispersal, and suggest that, although unlikely, dispersal may also be achieved in the gamete phase. Overall, because of the high genetic diversity in the Eastern Mediterranean and frequent mass mortalities in the Western Mediterranean, we suggest that conservation efforts should be carried out specifically in those areas of the Mediterranean to safeguard the genetic diversity of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Riesgo
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD UK
| | - Sergi Taboada
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD UK
- Department of Biology (Zoology), Autonomous University of Madrid, Faculty of Sciences, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocío Pérez-Portela
- Department of Geology and Biology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, King Juan Carlos I University, C/ Tulipán s.n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid Spain
| | - Paolo Melis
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana R. Xavier
- CIIMAR, Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research of the University of Porto, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, KG Jebsen Centre for Deep-Sea Research, University of Bergen, Thormøhlensgate 53A, 5006 Bergen, Norway
| | - Gema Blasco
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susanna López-Legentil
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, 5600 Marvin K. Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409 USA
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12
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Pica D, Calcinai B, Poliseno A, Trainito E, Cerrano C. Distribution and phenotypic variability of the Mediterranean gorgonian Paramuricea macrospina (Cnidaria: Octocorallia). EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2018.1529202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Pica
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - B. Calcinai
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A. Poliseno
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology and Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - C. Cerrano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
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13
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From depth to regional spatial genetic differentiation of Eunicella cavolini in the NW Mediterranean. C R Biol 2018; 341:421-432. [PMID: 30318420 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Connectivity studies in the marine realm are of great importance to understand the evolutionary potential of populations in a context of growing pressures on the marine environment. Here, we investigated the effect of the local, regional, and depth spatial scale on the population genetic structure of the yellow gorgonian Eunicella cavolini, one of the most common octocoral species of the Mediterranean hard-bottom communities. This species, along with other sessile metazoans typical of coralligenous ecosystems, plays an important role in supporting biodiversity, but is also impacted by direct and indirect consequences of human activities, such as physical destruction or mortality events due to thermal anomalies. Samples were taken from 15 sites located in the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean) in two adjacent regions 100 kilometres apart, i.e. from the areas of Marseille (France) and Portofino (Genoa, Italy), and were analysed using six microsatellite loci. A pattern of isolation by distance was observed at the regional as well as the local scales. Although E. cavolini showed less genetic structure than other Mediterranean octocorallian species, we observed a significant genetic differentiation between populations a few kilometres apart. A low genetic differentiation was also observed between shallow and deep populations. The occurrence of genetically differentiated populations of E. cavolini at the scale of kilometres has important consequences for the management of this species and of the associated communities.
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14
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SfM-Based Method to Assess Gorgonian Forests (Paramuricea clavata (Cnidaria, Octocorallia)). REMOTE SENSING 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/rs10071154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Animal forests promote marine habitats morphological complexity and functioning. The red gorgonian, Paramuricea clavata, is a key structuring species of the Mediterranean coralligenous habitat and an indicator species of climate effects on habitat functioning. P. clavata metrics such as population structure, morphology and biomass inform on the overall health of coralligenous habitats, but the estimation of these metrics is time and cost consuming, and often requires destructive sampling. As a consequence, the implementation of long-term and wide-area monitoring programmes is limited. This study proposes a novel and transferable Structure from Motion (SfM) based method for the estimation of gorgonian population structure (i.e., maximal height, density, abundance), morphometries (i.e., maximal width, fan surface) and biomass (i.e., coenenchymal Dry Weight, Ash Free Dried Weight). The method includes the estimation of a novel metric (3D canopy surface) describing the gorgonian forest as a mosaic of planes generated by fitting multiple 5 cm × 5 cm facets to a SfM generated point cloud. The performance of the method is assessed for two different cameras (GoPro Hero4 and Sony NEX7). Results showed that for highly dense populations (17 colonies/m2), the SfM-method had lower accuracies in estimating the gorgonians density for both cameras (60% to 89%) than for medium to low density populations (14 and 7 colonies/m2) (71% to 100%). Results for the validation of the method showed that the correlation between ground truth and SfM estimates for maximal height, maximal width and fan surface were between R2 = 0.63 and R2 = 0.9, and R2 = 0.99 for coenenchymal surface estimation. The methodological approach was used to estimate the biomass of the gorgonian population within the study area and across the coralligenous habitat between −25 to −40 m depth in the Portofino Marine Protected Area. For that purpose, the coenenchymal surface of sampled colonies was obtained and used for the calculations. Results showed biomass values of dry weight and ash free dry weight of 220 g and 32 g for the studied area and to 365 kg and 55 Kg for the coralligenous habitat in the Marine Protected Area. This study highlighted the feasibility of the methodology for the quantification of P. clavata metrics as well as the potential of the SfM-method to improve current predictions of the status of the coralligenous habitat in the Mediterranean sea and overall management of threatened ecosystems.
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15
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Ingrosso G, Abbiati M, Badalamenti F, Bavestrello G, Belmonte G, Cannas R, Benedetti-Cecchi L, Bertolino M, Bevilacqua S, Bianchi CN, Bo M, Boscari E, Cardone F, Cattaneo-Vietti R, Cau A, Cerrano C, Chemello R, Chimienti G, Congiu L, Corriero G, Costantini F, De Leo F, Donnarumma L, Falace A, Fraschetti S, Giangrande A, Gravina MF, Guarnieri G, Mastrototaro F, Milazzo M, Morri C, Musco L, Pezzolesi L, Piraino S, Prada F, Ponti M, Rindi F, Russo GF, Sandulli R, Villamor A, Zane L, Boero F. Mediterranean Bioconstructions Along the Italian Coast. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2018; 79:61-136. [PMID: 30012277 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Marine bioconstructions are biodiversity-rich, three-dimensional biogenic structures, regulating key ecological functions of benthic ecosystems worldwide. Tropical coral reefs are outstanding for their beauty, diversity and complexity, but analogous types of bioconstructions are also present in temperate seas. The main bioconstructions in the Mediterranean Sea are represented by coralligenous formations, vermetid reefs, deep-sea cold-water corals, Lithophyllum byssoides trottoirs, coral banks formed by the shallow-water corals Cladocora caespitosa or Astroides calycularis, and sabellariid or serpulid worm reefs. Bioconstructions change the morphological and chemicophysical features of primary substrates and create new habitats for a large variety of organisms, playing pivotal roles in ecosystem functioning. In spite of their importance, Mediterranean bioconstructions have not received the same attention that tropical coral reefs have, and the knowledge of their biology, ecology and distribution is still fragmentary. All existing data about the spatial distribution of Italian bioconstructions have been collected, together with information about their growth patterns, dynamics and connectivity. The degradation of these habitats as a consequence of anthropogenic pressures (pollution, organic enrichment, fishery, coastal development, direct physical disturbance), climate change and the spread of invasive species was also investigated. The study of bioconstructions requires a holistic approach leading to a better understanding of their ecology and the application of more insightful management and conservation measures at basin scale, within ecologically coherent units based on connectivity: the cells of ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianmarco Ingrosso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy.
| | - Marco Abbiati
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Beni Culturali (DBC), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine (CNR-ISMAR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Fabio Badalamenti
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero (CNR-IAMC), Marine Ecology Laboratory, Castellammare del Golfo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Bavestrello
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Genuario Belmonte
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Cannas
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Bertolino
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Stanislao Bevilacqua
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Nike Bianchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Marzia Bo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Boscari
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Frine Cardone
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cattaneo-Vietti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Cau
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carlo Cerrano
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Renato Chemello
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Chimienti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Congiu
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Corriero
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Federica Costantini
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Francesco De Leo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy
| | - Luigia Donnarumma
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Annalisa Falace
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fraschetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy
| | - Adriana Giangrande
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Flavia Gravina
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Guarnieri
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Mastrototaro
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Milazzo
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Morri
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita (DiSTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Musco
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Integrative Marine Ecology Department, Napoli, Italy
| | - Laura Pezzolesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Stefano Piraino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy
| | - Fiorella Prada
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto per l'Ambiente Marino Costiero (CNR-IAMC), Marine Ecology Laboratory, Castellammare del Golfo, Italy
| | - Massimo Ponti
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Fabio Rindi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giovanni Fulvio Russo
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Sandulli
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie, Parthenope University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Villamor
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Zane
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Boero
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, Italy; Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare (CoNISMa), Rome, Italy; Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine (CNR-ISMAR), Genova, Italy
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Leydet KP, Grupstra CGB, Coma R, Ribes M, Hellberg ME. Host-targeted RAD-Seq reveals genetic changes in the coralOculina patagonicaassociated with range expansion along the Spanish Mediterranean coast. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:2529-2543. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Posbic Leydet
- Department of Biological Sciences; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge Louisiana
| | - Carsten G. B. Grupstra
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
- Institut de Ciències del mar; Barcelona Spain
| | - Rafel Coma
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes; Blanes Girona Spain
| | - Marta Ribes
- Institut de Ciències del mar; Barcelona Spain
| | - Michael E. Hellberg
- Department of Biological Sciences; Louisiana State University; Baton Rouge Louisiana
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17
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Costantini F, Ferrario F, Abbiati M. Chasing genetic structure in coralligenous reef invertebrates: patterns, criticalities and conservation issues. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5844. [PMID: 29643422 PMCID: PMC5895814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Conservation of coastal habitats is a global issue, yet biogenic reefs in temperate regions have received very little attention. They have a broad geographic distribution and are a key habitat in marine ecosystems impacted by human activities. In the Mediterranean Sea coralligenous reefs are biodiversity hot spots and are classified as sensitive habitats deserving conservation. Genetic diversity and structure influence demographic, ecological and evolutionary processes in populations and play a crucial role in conservation strategies. Nevertheless, a comprehensive view of population genetic structure of coralligenous species is lacking. Here, we reviewed the literature on the genetic structure of sessile and sedentary invertebrates of the Mediterranean coralligenous reefs. Linear regression models and meta-analytic approaches are used to assess the contributions of genetic markers, phylum, pelagic larval duration (PLD) and geographical distance to the population genetic structure. Our quantitative approach highlight that 1) most species show a significant genetic structure, 2) structuring differs between phyla, and 3) PLD does not appear to be a major driver of the structuring. We discuss the implication of these finding for the management and conservation, suggesting research areas that deserve attention, and providing recommendations for broad assessment and monitoring of genetic diversity in biogenic reefs species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Costantini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, UOS Ravenna, Ravenna, Italy.
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, I - 48123, Ravenna, Italy.
- CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00197, Roma, Italy.
| | | | - Marco Abbiati
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca per le Scienze Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Via S. Alberto 163, I - 48123, Ravenna, Italy
- CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00197, Roma, Italy
- Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Via degli Ariani, 1, 48121, Ravenna, Italy
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Scienze Marine, ISMAR, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129, Bologna, Italy
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18
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Cahill AE, De Jode A, Dubois S, Bouzaza Z, Aurelle D, Boissin E, Chabrol O, David R, Egea E, Ledoux JB, Mérigot B, Weber AAT, Chenuil A. A multispecies approach reveals hot spots and cold spots of diversity and connectivity in invertebrate species with contrasting dispersal modes. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:6563-6577. [PMID: 29087018 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Genetic diversity is crucial for species' maintenance and persistence, yet is often overlooked in conservation studies. Species diversity is more often reported due to practical constraints, but it is unknown if these measures of diversity are correlated. In marine invertebrates, adults are often sessile or sedentary and populations exchange genes via dispersal of gametes and larvae. Species with a larval period are expected to have more connected populations than those without larval dispersal. We assessed the relationship between measures of species and genetic diversity, and between dispersal ability and connectivity. We compiled data on genetic patterns and life history traits in nine species across five phyla. Sampling sites spanned 600 km in the northwest Mediterranean Sea and focused on a 50-km area near Marseilles, France. Comparative population genetic approaches yielded three main results. (i) Species without larvae showed higher levels of genetic structure than species with free-living larvae, but the role of larval type (lecithotrophic or planktotrophic) was negligible. (ii) A narrow area around Marseilles, subject to offshore advection, limited genetic connectivity in most species. (iii) We identified sites with significant positive contributions to overall genetic diversity across all species, corresponding with areas near low human population densities. In contrast, high levels of human activity corresponded with a negative contribution to overall genetic diversity. Genetic diversity within species was positively and significantly linearly related to local species diversity. Our study suggests that local contribution to overall genetic diversity should be taken into account for future conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Cahill
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France.,Biology Department, Albion College, Albion, MI, USA
| | - Aurélien De Jode
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Dubois
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Zoheir Bouzaza
- Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Abdelhamid Ibn Badis, Mostaganem, Algérie
| | - Didier Aurelle
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Boissin
- PSL Research University: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France
| | - Olivier Chabrol
- CNRS, Centrale Marseille, I2M, UMR7373, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Romain David
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Emilie Egea
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Ledoux
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bastien Mérigot
- UMR MARBEC (CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, UM), Université de Montpellier, Sète, France
| | - Alexandra Anh-Thu Weber
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France.,Zoological Institute, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Chenuil
- Aix Marseille Univ, Univ Avignon, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
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19
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Sanna D, Lai T, Cossu P, Scarpa F, Dedola GL, Cristo B, Francalacci P, Curini-Galletti M, Mura L, Fois N, Maltagliati F, Casu M. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit I variability in Ruditapes decussatus (Veneridae) from the western Mediterranean. EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2017.1395914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Sanna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - T. Lai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - P. Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - F. Scarpa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - G. L. Dedola
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - B. Cristo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - P. Francalacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - M. Curini-Galletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
| | - L. Mura
- Dipartimento per la Ricerca nelle Produzioni Animali, Agris Sardegna, Agenzia per la Ricerca in Agricoltura , Olmedo (SS), Italy
| | - N. Fois
- Dipartimento per la Ricerca nelle Produzioni Animali, Agris Sardegna, Agenzia per la Ricerca in Agricoltura , Olmedo (SS), Italy
| | - F. Maltagliati
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa , Pisa (PI), Italy
| | - M. Casu
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio – Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari , Sassari (SS), Italy
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20
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El Ayari T, Trigui El Menif N, Saavedra C, Cordero D, Viard F, Bierne N. Unexpected mosaic distribution of two hybridizing sibling lineages in the teleplanically dispersing snail Stramonita haemastoma suggests unusual postglacial redistribution or cryptic invasion. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:9016-9026. [PMID: 29177037 PMCID: PMC5689492 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular approaches have proven efficient to identify cryptic lineages within single taxonomic entities. Sometimes these cryptic lineages maybe previously unreported or unknown invasive taxa. The genetic structure of the marine gastropod Stramonita haemastoma has been examined in the Western Mediterranean and North‐Eastern Atlantic populations with mtDNA COI sequences and three newly developed microsatellite markers. We identified two cryptic lineages, differentially fixed for alternative mtDNA COI haplogroups and significantly differentiated at microsatellite loci. The mosaic distribution of the two lineages is unusual for a warm‐temperate marine invertebrate with a teleplanic larval stage. The Atlantic lineage was unexpectedly observed as a patch enclosed in the north of the Western Mediterranean Sea between eastern Spain and the French Riviera, and the Mediterranean lineage was found in Macronesian Islands. Although cyto‐nuclear disequilibrium is globally maintained, asymmetric introgression occurs in the Spanish region where the two lineages co‐occur in a hybrid zone. A first interpretation of our results is mito‐nuclear discordance in a stable postglacial hybrid zone. Under this hypothesis, though, the location of genetic discontinuities would be unusual among planktonic dispersers. An alternative interpretation is that the Atlantic lineage, also found in Senegal and Venezuela, has been introduced by human activities in the Mediterranean area and is introgressing Mediterranean genes during its propagation, as theoretically expected. This second hypothesis would add an additional example to the growing list of cryptic marine invasions revealed by molecular studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani El Ayari
- Université de Montpellier Montpellier Cedex 5 France.,ISEM - CNRS UMR 5554 Station Marine OREME Sète France.,Laboratory of Environment Bio-monitoring Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta University of Carthage Bizerta Tunisia
| | - Najoua Trigui El Menif
- Laboratory of Environment Bio-monitoring Faculty of Sciences of Bizerta University of Carthage Bizerta Tunisia
| | - Carlos Saavedra
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientίficas Ribera de Cabanes (Castellόn) Spain
| | - David Cordero
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientίficas Ribera de Cabanes (Castellόn) Spain
| | - Frédérique Viard
- UPMC Université Paris 6CNRS UMR 7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin Equipe DIVCO Station Biologique de Roscoff Sorbonne Université Roscoff France
| | - Nicolas Bierne
- Université de Montpellier Montpellier Cedex 5 France.,ISEM - CNRS UMR 5554 Station Marine OREME Sète France
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21
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Crisci C, Ledoux JB, Mokhtar-Jamaï K, Bally M, Bensoussan N, Aurelle D, Cebrian E, Coma R, Féral JP, La Rivière M, Linares C, López-Sendino P, Marschal C, Ribes M, Teixidó N, Zuberer F, Garrabou J. Regional and local environmental conditions do not shape the response to warming of a marine habitat-forming species. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5069. [PMID: 28698582 PMCID: PMC5505982 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The differential response of marine populations to climate change remains poorly understood. Here, we combine common garden thermotolerance experiments in aquaria and population genetics to disentangle the factors driving the population response to thermal stress in a temperate habitat-forming species: the octocoral Paramuricea clavata. Using eight populations separated from tens of meters to hundreds of kilometers, which were differentially impacted by recent mortality events, we identify 25 °C as a critical thermal threshold. After one week of exposure at this temperature, seven of the eight populations were affected by tissue necrosis and after 30 days of exposure at this temperature, the mean % of affected colonies increased gradually from 3 to 97%. We then demonstrate the weak relation between the observed differential phenotypic responses and the local temperature regimes experienced by each population. A significant correlation was observed between these responses and the extent of genetic drift impacting each population. Local adaptation may thus be hindered by genetic drift, which seems to be the main driver of the differential response. Accordingly, conservation measures should promote connectivity and control density erosion in order to limit the impact of genetic drift on marine populations facing climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Crisci
- Polo de Desarrollo Universitario Modelización y Análisis de Recursos Naturales, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Rocha, 27000, Uruguay.
| | - J-B Ledoux
- CIIMAR/CIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4050-123, Portugal
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - K Mokhtar-Jamaï
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263, Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille, 13007, France
| | - M Bally
- Aix-Marseille Université, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (M I O), Université de Toulon, CNRS/IRD, Marseille, France
| | - N Bensoussan
- IPSO FACTO, SCOPArl, Pole Océanologie, Marseille, 13001, France
| | - D Aurelle
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263, Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille, 13007, France
| | - E Cebrian
- Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, 17300, Spain
- Departament de Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat de Girona, Girona, 17071, Spain
| | - R Coma
- Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, 17300, Spain
| | - J-P Féral
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263, Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille, 13007, France
| | - M La Rivière
- Aix-Marseille Université, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (M I O), Université de Toulon, CNRS/IRD, Marseille, France
| | - C Linares
- Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - P López-Sendino
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - C Marschal
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263, Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille, 13007, France
| | - M Ribes
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - N Teixidó
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Dohrn-Benthic Ecology Center, Punta San Pietro, Ischia, Naples, 80077, Italy
| | - F Zuberer
- Institut Pytheas, UMS 3470, CNRS, Marseille, 13013, France
| | - J Garrabou
- Institute of Marine Sciences (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, 08003, Spain
- Aix-Marseille Université, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (M I O), Université de Toulon, CNRS/IRD, Marseille, France
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22
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Pascual M, Rives B, Schunter C, Macpherson E. Impact of life history traits on gene flow: A multispecies systematic review across oceanographic barriers in the Mediterranean Sea. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176419. [PMID: 28489878 PMCID: PMC5425013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Marine species can demonstrate strong genetic differentiation and population structure despite the hypothesis of open seas and high connectivity. Some suggested drivers causing the genetic breaks are oceanographic barriers and the species' biology. We assessed the relevance of seven major oceanographic fronts on species connectivity while considering their dispersal capacity and life strategy. METHODS We systematically reviewed the scientific articles reporting population genetic differentiation along the Mediterranean Sea and across the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition. We retained those considering at least one sampling locality at each side of an oceanographic front, and at least two localities with no-front between them to correctly assess the effect of the front. To estimate the impact of life history characteristics affecting connectivity we considered the planktonic larval duration (PLD) and adult life strategy. RESULTS Oceanographic barriers in the Mediterranean Sea seem to reduce gene flow globally; however, this effect is not homogeneous considering the life history traits of the species. The effect of the oceanographic fronts reduces gene flow in highly mobile species with PLD larger than 2-4 weeks. Benthic sessile species and/or with short PLD (< 2 weeks) have more significant genetic breaks between localities than species with higher motility; however, genetic differentiation occurs independently of the presence of a front. CONCLUSION Genetic connectivity is important for populations to recover from anthropogenic or natural impacts. We show that species with low mobility, mostly habitat-formers, have high genetic differentiation but low gene flow reduction mediated by the front, therefore, considering the importance of these species, we emphasize the vulnerability of the Mediterranean ecosystems and the necessity of protection strategies based on the whole ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pascual
- Dept Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics/IrBio, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Borja Rives
- Dept Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics/IrBio, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 643, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Celia Schunter
- KAUST Environmental Epigenetic Program (KEEP), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences & Engineering and Division of Applied Mathematics and Computer Sciences, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Enrique Macpherson
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Car. Acc. Cala St. Francesc 14, Blanes, Girona, Spain
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23
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Contrasting patterns of population structure and gene flow facilitate exploration of connectivity in two widely distributed temperate octocorals. Heredity (Edinb) 2017; 119:35-48. [PMID: 28295035 PMCID: PMC5520136 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2017.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Connectivity is an important component of metapopulation dynamics in marine systems and can influence population persistence, migration rates and conservation decisions associated with Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). In this study, we compared the genetic diversity, gene flow and population structure of two octocoral species, Eunicella verrucosa and Alcyonium digitatum, in the northeast Atlantic (ranging from the northwest of Ireland and the southern North Sea, to southern Portugal), using two panels of 13 and 8 microsatellite loci, respectively. Our results identified regional genetic structure in E. verrucosa partitioned between populations from southern Portugal, northwest Ireland and Britain/France; subsequent hierarchical analysis of population structure also indicated reduced gene flow between southwest Britain and northwest France. However, over a similar geographical area, A. digitatum showed little evidence of population structure, suggesting high gene flow and/or a large effective population size; indeed, the only significant genetic differentiation detected in A. digitatum occurred between North Sea samples and those from the English Channel/northeast Atlantic. In both species the vast majority of gene flow originated from sample sites within regions, with populations in southwest Britain being the predominant source of contemporary exogenous genetic variants for the populations studied. Overall, historical patterns of gene flow appeared more complex, though again southwest Britain appeared to be an important source of genetic variation for both species. Our findings have major conservation implications, particularly for E. verrucosa, a protected species in UK waters and listed by the IUCN as ‘Vulnerable’, and for the designation and management of European MPAs.
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24
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Postaire B, Gélin P, Bruggemann JH, Magalon H. One species for one island? Unexpected diversity and weak connectivity in a widely distributed tropical hydrozoan. Heredity (Edinb) 2017; 118:385-394. [PMID: 28177325 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2016.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolation by distance (IBD) is one of the main modes of differentiation in marine species, above all in species presenting low dispersal capacities. This study reports the genetic structuring in the tropical hydrozoan Lytocarpia brevirostris α (sensu Postaire et al, 2016b), a brooding species, from 13 populations in the Western Indian Ocean (WIO) and one from New Caledonia (Tropical Southwestern Pacific). At the local scale, populations rely on asexual propagation at short distance, which was not found at larger scales; identical genotypes were restricted to single populations. After the removal of repeated genotypes, all populations presented significant positive FIS values (between 0.094*** and 0.335***). Gene flow was extremely low at all spatial scales, between sites within islands (<10 km distance) and among islands (100 to>11 000 km distance), with significant pairwise FST values (between 0.012*** and 0.560***). A general pattern of IBD was found at the Indo-Pacific scale, but also within sampled ecoregions of the WIO province. Clustering analyses identified each sampled island as an independent population, whereas analysis of molecular variance indicated that population genetic differentiation was significant at small (within island) and intermediate (among islands within province) spatial scales. The high population differentiation might reflect the life cycle of this brooding hydrozoan, possibly preventing regular dispersal at distances more than a few kilometres and probably leading to high cryptic diversity, each island housing an independent evolutionary lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Postaire
- Université de La Réunion, UMR ENTROPIE Université de La Réunion-CNRS-IRD, Saint Denis, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL, Perpignan, France
| | - P Gélin
- Université de La Réunion, UMR ENTROPIE Université de La Réunion-CNRS-IRD, Saint Denis, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL, Perpignan, France
| | - J H Bruggemann
- Université de La Réunion, UMR ENTROPIE Université de La Réunion-CNRS-IRD, Saint Denis, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL, Perpignan, France
| | - H Magalon
- Université de La Réunion, UMR ENTROPIE Université de La Réunion-CNRS-IRD, Saint Denis, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL, Perpignan, France
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25
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Historical biogeography and mitogenomics of two endemic Mediterranean gorgonians (Holaxonia, Plexauridae). ORG DIVERS EVOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-017-0322-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Postaire B, Magalon H, Bourmaud CAF, Bruggemann JH. Molecular species delimitation methods and population genetics data reveal extensive lineage diversity and cryptic species in Aglaopheniidae (Hydrozoa). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 105:36-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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27
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Boavida J, Assis J, Silva I, Serrão EA. Overlooked habitat of a vulnerable gorgonian revealed in the Mediterranean and Eastern Atlantic by ecological niche modelling. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36460. [PMID: 27841263 PMCID: PMC5107895 DOI: 10.1038/srep36460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Factors shaping the distribution of mesophotic octocorals (30-200 m depth) remain poorly understood, potentially leaving overlooked coral areas, particularly near their bathymetric and geographic distributional limits. Yet, detailed knowledge about habitat requirements is crucial for conservation of sensitive gorgonians. Here we use Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) relating thirteen environmental predictors and a highly comprehensive presence dataset, enhanced by SCUBA diving surveys, to investigate the suitable habitat of an important structuring species, Paramuricea clavata, throughout its distribution (Mediterranean and adjacent Atlantic). Models showed that temperature (11.5-25.5 °C) and slope are the most important predictors carving the niche of P. clavata. Prediction throughout the full distribution (TSS 0.9) included known locations of P. clavata alongside with previously unknown or unreported sites along the coast of Portugal and Africa, including seamounts. These predictions increase the understanding of the potential distribution for the northern Mediterranean and indicate suitable hard bottom areas down to >150 m depth. Poorly sampled habitats with predicted presence along Algeria, Alboran Sea and adjacent Atlantic coasts encourage further investigation. We propose that surveys of target areas from the predicted distribution map, together with local expert knowledge, may lead to discoveries of new P. clavata sites and identify priority conservation areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Boavida
- CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Jorge Assis
- CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Inga Silva
- CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Ester A. Serrão
- CCMAR, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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28
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Masmoudi MB, Chaoui L, Topçu NE, Hammami P, Kara MH, Aurelle D. Contrasted levels of genetic diversity in a benthic Mediterranean octocoral: Consequences of different demographic histories? Ecol Evol 2016; 6:8665-8678. [PMID: 28035258 PMCID: PMC5192949 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors explaining the observed patterns of genetic diversity is an important question in evolutionary biology. We provide the first data on the genetic structure of a Mediterranean octocoral, the yellow gorgonian Eunicella cavolini, along with insights into the demographic history of this species. We sampled populations in four areas of the Mediterranean Sea: continental France, Algeria, Turkey, and the Balearic and Corsica islands. Along French coasts, three sites were sampled at two depths (20 and 40 m). We demonstrated a high genetic structure in this species (overall FST = 0.13), and most pairwise differentiation tests were significant. We did not detect any difference between depths at the same site. Clustering analyses revealed four differentiated groups corresponding to the main geographical areas. The levels of allelic richness and heterozygosity were significantly different between regions, with highest diversity in Algeria and lowest levels in Turkey. The highest levels of private allelic richness were observed in Algeria followed by Turkey. Such contrasted patterns of genetic diversity were not observed in other Mediterranean octocorals and could be the result of different evolutionary histories. We also provide new empirical evidence of contrasting results between tests and model‐based studies of demographic history. Our results have important consequences for the management of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moutassem Billah Masmoudi
- Aix Marseille Univ Univ Avignon CNRS IRD IMBE Marseille France; Laboratoire Bioressources Marines Université d'Annaba Badji Mokhtar Annaba Algérie
| | - Lamya Chaoui
- Laboratoire Bioressources Marines Université d'Annaba Badji Mokhtar Annaba Algérie
| | - Nur Eda Topçu
- İstanbul Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Fakültesi İstanbul Turkey
| | - Pachka Hammami
- Aix Marseille UnivUniv Avignon CNRS IRD IMBE Marseille France; CIRAD UMR CMAEE Montpellier France
| | - Mohamed Hichem Kara
- Laboratoire Bioressources Marines Université d'Annaba Badji Mokhtar Annaba Algérie
| | - Didier Aurelle
- Aix Marseille Univ Univ Avignon CNRS IRD IMBE Marseille France
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29
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Population structure and connectivity in the Mediterranean sponge Ircinia fasciculata are affected by mass mortalities and hybridization. Heredity (Edinb) 2016; 117:427-439. [PMID: 27599575 PMCID: PMC5117837 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2016.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent episodes of mass mortalities in the Mediterranean Sea have been reported for the closely related marine sponges Ircinia fasciculata and Ircinia variabilis that live in sympatry. In this context, the assessment of the genetic diversity, bottlenecks and connectivity of these sponges has become urgent in order to evaluate the potential effects of mass mortalities on their latitudinal range. Our study aims to establish (1) the genetic structure, connectivity and signs of bottlenecks across the populations of I. fasciculata and (2) the hybridization levels between I. fasciculata and I. variabilis. To accomplish the first objective, 194 individuals of I. fasciculata from 12 locations across the Mediterranean were genotyped at 14 microsatellite loci. For the second objective, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences of 16 individuals from both species were analyzed along with genotypes at 12 microsatellite loci of 40 individuals coexisting in 3 Mediterranean populations. We detected strong genetic structure along the Mediterranean for I. fasciculata, with high levels of inbreeding in all locations and bottleneck signs in most locations. Oceanographic barriers like the Almeria-Oran front, North-Balearic front and the Ligurian-Thyrrenian barrier seem to be impeding gene flow for I. fasciculata, adding population divergence to the pattern of isolation by distance derived from the low dispersal abilities of sponge larvae. Hybridization between both species occurred in some populations that might be increasing genetic diversity and somewhat palliating the genetic loss caused by population decimation in I. fasciculata.
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30
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Lange R, Monro K, J Marshall D. Environment-dependent variation in selection on life history across small spatial scales. Evolution 2016; 70:2404-2410. [PMID: 27501200 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Variation in life-history traits is ubiquitous, even though genetic variation is thought to be depleted by selection. One potential mechanism for the maintenance of trait variation is spatially variable selection. We explored spatial variation in selection in the field for a colonial marine invertebrate that shows phenotypic differences across a depth gradient of only 3 m. Our analysis included life-history traits relating to module size, colony growth, and phenology. Directional selection on colony growth varied in strength across depths, while module size was under directional selection at one depth but not the other. Differences in selection may explain some of the observed phenotypic differentiation among depths for one trait but not another: instead, selection should actually erode the differences observed for this trait. Our results suggest selection is not acting alone to maintain trait variation within and across environments in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolanda Lange
- Centre for Geometric Biology/School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
| | - Keyne Monro
- Centre for Geometric Biology/School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Dustin J Marshall
- Centre for Geometric Biology/School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
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31
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Pascual M, Palero F, García-Merchán VH, Macpherson E, Robainas-Barcia A, Mestres F, Roda T, Abelló P. Temporal and spatial genetic differentiation in the crab Liocarcinus depurator across the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29892. [PMID: 27431989 PMCID: PMC4949458 DOI: 10.1038/srep29892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial genetic studies often require sampling broadly separated areas, difficult to access simultaneously. Although comparing localities surveyed at different time periods might result in spurious genetic differentiation, there is a general believe on the stability of genetic structure through time, particularly if sampled localities are isolated or very distant. By analysing spatial and temporal genetic differentiation of the portunid crab Liocarcinus depurator we assessed the contribution of historical and contemporary processes on population connectivity patterns across three main oceanographic discontinuities along the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition: Gibraltar Strait, Almeria-Oran Front and Ibiza Channel. A partial fragment of the cytochrome oxidase I gene was sequenced in 366 individuals collected from localities at both sides of each discontinuity during three time periods. Although localities showed genetic fluctuations through time, a significant gradient was detected along the coast for all sampling periods. Significant inter-annual differences identified within the Alicante area, north of the Almeria-Oran Front, were associated with shifts in the relative contribution of Atlantic and Mediterranean water masses. The persistence of a clinal pattern in the Atlantic-Mediterranean transition area together with local fluctuations suggests a complex balance of dispersal and selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pascual
- Dept. Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and IRBio, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran Palero
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés a la Cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Macpherson
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Carrer d'Accés a la Cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Aymée Robainas-Barcia
- Dept. Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and IRBio, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Mestres
- Dept. Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and IRBio, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tania Roda
- Dept. Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística and IRBio, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Abelló
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Lattig P, Muñoz I, Martin D, Abelló P, Machordom A. Comparative phylogeography of two symbiotic dorvilleid polychaetes ( Iphitime cuenotiand Ophryotrocha mediterranea) with contrasting host and bathymetric patterns. Zool J Linn Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Lattig
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC); C. José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 Madrid 28006 Spain
| | - Isabel Muñoz
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía; Centro Oceanográfico de Santander (IEO); Promontorio San Martín s/n Santander Cantabria 39004 Spain
| | - Daniel Martin
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC); Carrer d'accès a la Cala Sant Francesc 14 Blanes (Girona) Catalunya 17300 Spain
| | - Pere Abelló
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC); Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49 Barcelona Catalunya E-08003 Spain
| | - Annie Machordom
- Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC); C. José Gutiérrez Abascal 2 Madrid 28006 Spain
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Pilczynska J, Cocito S, Boavida J, Serrão E, Queiroga H. Genetic Diversity and Local Connectivity in the Mediterranean Red Gorgonian Coral after Mass Mortality Events. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150590. [PMID: 26982334 PMCID: PMC4794161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estimating the patterns of connectivity in marine taxa with planktonic dispersive stages is a challenging but crucial task because of its conservation implications. The red gorgonian Paramuricea clavata is a habitat forming species, characterized by short larval dispersal and high reproductive output, but low recruitment. In the recent past, the species was impacted by mass mortality events caused by increased water temperatures in summer. In the present study, we used 9 microsatellites to investigate the genetic structure and connectivity in the highly threatened populations from the Ligurian Sea (NW Mediterranean). No evidence for a recent bottleneck neither decreased genetic diversity in sites impacted by mass mortality events were found. Significant IBD pattern and high global FST confirmed low larval dispersal capability in the red gorgonian. The maximum dispersal distance was estimated at 20–60 km. Larval exchange between sites separated by hundreds of meters and between different depths was detected at each site, supporting the hypothesis that deeper subpopulations unaffected by surface warming peaks may provide larvae for shallower ones, enabling recovery after climatically induced mortality events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Pilczynska
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Silvia Cocito
- ENEA, Marine Environment Research Centre, La Spezia, Italy
| | - Joana Boavida
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ester Serrão
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Henrique Queiroga
- Departamento de Biologia and CESAM - Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Gagnaire PA, Broquet T, Aurelle D, Viard F, Souissi A, Bonhomme F, Arnaud-Haond S, Bierne N. Using neutral, selected, and hitchhiker loci to assess connectivity of marine populations in the genomic era. Evol Appl 2015; 8:769-86. [PMID: 26366195 PMCID: PMC4561567 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Estimating the rate of exchange of individuals among populations is a central concern to evolutionary ecology and its applications to conservation and management. For instance, the efficiency of protected areas in sustaining locally endangered populations and ecosystems depends on reserve network connectivity. The population genetics theory offers a powerful framework for estimating dispersal distances and migration rates from molecular data. In the marine realm, however, decades of molecular studies have met limited success in inferring genetic connectivity, due to the frequent lack of spatial genetic structure in species exhibiting high fecundity and dispersal capabilities. This is especially true within biogeographic regions bounded by well-known hotspots of genetic differentiation. Here, we provide an overview of the current methods for estimating genetic connectivity using molecular markers and propose several directions for improving existing approaches using large population genomic datasets. We highlight several issues that limit the effectiveness of methods based on neutral markers when there is virtually no genetic differentiation among samples. We then focus on alternative methods based on markers influenced by selection. Although some of these methodologies are still underexplored, our aim was to stimulate new research to test how broadly they are applicable to nonmodel marine species. We argue that the increased ability to apply the concepts of cline analyses will improve dispersal inferences across physical and ecological barriers that reduce connectivity locally. We finally present how neutral markers hitchhiking with selected loci can also provide information about connectivity patterns within apparently well-mixed biogeographic regions. We contend that one of the most promising applications of population genomics is the use of outlier loci to delineate relevant conservation units and related eco-geographic features across which connectivity can be measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Alexandre Gagnaire
- Université de Montpellier Montpellier, France ; CNRS - Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 UM-CNRS-IRD-EPHE, Station Méditerranéenne de l'Environnement Littoral Sète, France
| | - Thomas Broquet
- CNRS team Diversity and connectivity of coastal marine landscapes, Station Biologique de Roscoff Roscoff, France ; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff Roscoff, France
| | - Didier Aurelle
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS-IRD-Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263 Marseille, France
| | - Frédérique Viard
- CNRS team Diversity and connectivity of coastal marine landscapes, Station Biologique de Roscoff Roscoff, France ; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, UMR 7144, Station Biologique de Roscoff Roscoff, France
| | | | - François Bonhomme
- Université de Montpellier Montpellier, France ; CNRS - Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 UM-CNRS-IRD-EPHE, Station Méditerranéenne de l'Environnement Littoral Sète, France
| | - Sophie Arnaud-Haond
- Université de Montpellier Montpellier, France ; Ifremer, UMR "Ecosystèmes Marins Exploités" Sète, France
| | - Nicolas Bierne
- Université de Montpellier Montpellier, France ; CNRS - Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 UM-CNRS-IRD-EPHE, Station Méditerranéenne de l'Environnement Littoral Sète, France
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35
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Lasker HR, Porto-Hannes I. Population structure among octocoral adults and recruits identifies scale dependent patterns of population isolation in The Bahamas. PeerJ 2015; 3:e1019. [PMID: 26157606 PMCID: PMC4493681 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Patterns of dispersal and connectivity of the Caribbean gorgonian Antillogorgia elisabethae in The Bahamas were assessed in both adults and recently settled recruits from 13 sites using microsatellite loci. Adult populations along the Little Bahama Bank (LBB) exhibited a clear pattern of isolation by distance (IBD) which described 86% of the variance in pairwise genetic distances. Estimates of dispersal based on the IBD model suggested dispersal distances along the LBB on the order of 100 m. Increasing the spatial scale to include sites separated by open ocean generated an apparent IBD signal but the relationship had a greater slope and explained less of the variance. This relationship with distance reflected both stepping stone based IBD and regional differentiation probably created by ocean currents and barriers to dispersal that are correlated with geographic distance. Analysis of recruits from 4 sites on the LBB from up to 6 years did not detect differences between years nor differences with adult populations. The result suggests that neither selection on recruits nor inter-annual variation in dispersal affected adult population structure. Assignment tests of recruits indicated the most likely sources of the recruits were the local or adjacent populations. Most of the patterning in population structure in the northern Bahamas can be explained by geographic distance and oceanographic connectivity. Recognition of these complex patterns is important in developing management plans for A. elisabethae and in understanding the effects of disturbance to adult populations of A. elisabethae and similar species with limited dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard R Lasker
- Department of Geology, University at Buffalo , Buffalo, NY , USA ; Graduate Program in Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, University at Buffalo , Buffalo, NY , USA
| | - Isabel Porto-Hannes
- Graduate Program in Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, University at Buffalo , Buffalo, NY , USA
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36
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Warner PA, van Oppen MJH, Willis BL. Unexpected cryptic species diversity in the widespread coralSeriatopora hystrixmasks spatial-genetic patterns of connectivity. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:2993-3008. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A. Warner
- AIMS@JCU; Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
| | - Madeleine J. H. van Oppen
- AIMS@JCU; Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
- Australian Institute of Marine Science; PMB3, Townsville MC; Townsville Qld 4810 Australia
| | - Bette L. Willis
- AIMS@JCU; Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences; James Cook University; Townsville Qld 4811 Australia
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37
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Lange R, Marshall DJ. Relative contributions of offspring quality and environmental quality to adult field performance. OIKOS 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.02473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolanda Lange
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash Univ.; Clayton VIC 3800 Australia
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38
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Quattrini AM, Baums IB, Shank TM, Morrison CL, Cordes EE. Testing the depth-differentiation hypothesis in a deepwater octocoral. Proc Biol Sci 2015; 282:20150008. [PMID: 25904664 PMCID: PMC4424640 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The depth-differentiation hypothesis proposes that the bathyal region is a source of genetic diversity and an area where there is a high rate of species formation. Genetic differentiation should thus occur over relatively small vertical distances, particularly along the upper continental slope (200-1000 m) where oceanography varies greatly over small differences in depth. To test whether genetic differentiation within deepwater octocorals is greater over vertical rather than geographical distances, Callogorgia delta was targeted. This species commonly occurs throughout the northern Gulf of Mexico at depths ranging from 400 to 900 m. We found significant genetic differentiation (FST = 0.042) across seven sites spanning 400 km of distance and 400 m of depth. A pattern of isolation by depth emerged, but geographical distance between sites may further limit gene flow. Water mass boundaries may serve to isolate populations across depth; however, adaptive divergence with depth is also a possible scenario. Microsatellite markers also revealed significant genetic differentiation (FST = 0.434) between C. delta and a closely related species, Callogorgia americana, demonstrating the utility of microsatellites in species delimitation of octocorals. Results provided support for the depth-differentiation hypothesis, strengthening the notion that factors covarying with depth serve as isolation mechanisms in deep-sea populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Quattrini
- Department of Biology, Temple University, 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Iliana B Baums
- Biology Department, Pennsylvania State University, 208 Mueller Lab, University Park, PA 16801, USA
| | - Timothy M Shank
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
| | - Cheryl L Morrison
- US Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, 11649 Leetown Road, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA
| | - Erik E Cordes
- Department of Biology, Temple University, 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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Pivotto ID, Nerini D, Masmoudi M, Kara H, Chaoui L, Aurelle D. Highly contrasted responses of Mediterranean octocorals to climate change along a depth gradient. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2015; 2:140493. [PMID: 26064654 PMCID: PMC4453260 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.140493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has a strong impact on marine ecosystems, including temperate species. Analysing the diversity of thermotolerance levels within species along with their genetic structure enables a better understanding of their potential response to climate change. We performed this integrative study on the Mediterranean octocoral Eunicella cavolini, with samples from different depths and by means of a common garden experiment. This species does not host photosynthetic Symbiodinium, enabling us to focus on the cnidarian response. We compared the thermotolerance of individuals from 20 m and 40 m depths from the same site and with replicates from the same colony. On the basis of an innovative statistical analysis of necrosis kinetics and risk, we demonstrated the occurrence of a very different response between depths at this local scale, with lower thermotolerance of deep individuals. Strongly thermotolerant individuals were observed at 20 m with necrosis appearing at higher temperatures than observed in situ. On the basis of nine microsatellite loci, we showed that these marked thermotolerance differences occur within a single population. This suggests the importance of acclimatization processes in adaptation to these different depths. In addition, differences between replicates demonstrated the occurrence of a variability of response between fragments from the same colony with the possibility of an interaction with a tank effect. Our results provide a basis for studying adaptation and acclimatization in Mediterranean octocorals in a heterogeneous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. D. Pivotto
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille 13397, France
| | - D. Nerini
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IRD, MIO UMR 7294, Marseille 13288, France
| | - M. Masmoudi
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille 13397, France
- Laboratoire Bioressources Marines – Université d'Annaba, Badji Mokhtar, BP 230, Oued Kouba, Annaba 23008, Algeria
| | - H. Kara
- Laboratoire Bioressources Marines – Université d'Annaba, Badji Mokhtar, BP 230, Oued Kouba, Annaba 23008, Algeria
| | - L. Chaoui
- Laboratoire Bioressources Marines – Université d'Annaba, Badji Mokhtar, BP 230, Oued Kouba, Annaba 23008, Algeria
| | - D. Aurelle
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE UMR 7263, Marseille 13397, France
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Arizmendi-Mejía R, Linares C, Garrabou J, Antunes A, Ballesteros E, Cebrian E, Díaz D, Ledoux JB. Combining genetic and demographic data for the conservation of a Mediterranean marine habitat-forming species. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119585. [PMID: 25774522 PMCID: PMC4361678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The integration of ecological and evolutionary data is highly valuable for conservation planning. However, it has been rarely used in the marine realm, where the adequate design of marine protected areas (MPAs) is urgently needed. Here, we examined the interacting processes underlying the patterns of genetic structure and demographic strucuture of a highly vulnerable Mediterranean habitat-forming species (i.e. Paramuricea clavata (Risso, 1826)), with particular emphasis on the processes of contemporary dispersal, genetic drift, and colonization of a new population. Isolation by distance and genetic discontinuities were found, and three genetic clusters were detected; each submitted to variations in the relative impact of drift and gene flow. No founder effect was found in the new population. The interplay of ecology and evolution revealed that drift is strongly impacting the smallest, most isolated populations, where partial mortality of individuals was highest. Moreover, the eco-evolutionary analyses entailed important conservation implications for P. clavata. Our study supports the inclusion of habitat-forming organisms in the design of MPAs and highlights the need to account for genetic drift in the development of MPAs. Moreover, it reinforces the importance of integrating genetic and demographic data in marine conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Arizmendi-Mejía
- Departament d´Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Linares
- Departament d´Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Garrabou
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agostinho Antunes
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 177, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Enric Ballesteros
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CSIC), Accés Cala St. Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - Emma Cebrian
- Centre d’Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CSIC), Accés Cala St. Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Spain
| | - David Díaz
- Instituto Español de Oceanografia, C/ Moll de Ponent s/n, 07015, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jean-Baptiste Ledoux
- Institut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- CIMAR/CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 177, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal
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Pante E, Abdelkrim J, Viricel A, Gey D, France SC, Boisselier MC, Samadi S. Use of RAD sequencing for delimiting species. Heredity (Edinb) 2014; 114:450-9. [PMID: 25407078 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2014.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
RAD-tag sequencing is a promising method for conducting genome-wide evolutionary studies. However, to date, only a handful of studies empirically tested its applicability above the species level. In this communication, we use RAD tags to contribute to the delimitation of species within a diverse genus of deep-sea octocorals, Chrysogorgia, for which few classical genetic markers have proved informative. Previous studies have hypothesized that single mitochondrial haplotypes can be used to delimit Chrysogorgia species. On the basis of two lanes of Illumina sequencing, we inferred phylogenetic relationships among 12 putative species that were delimited using mitochondrial data, comparing two RAD analysis pipelines (Stacks and PyRAD). The number of homologous RAD loci decreased dramatically with increasing divergence, as >70% of loci are lost when comparing specimens separated by two mutations on the 700-nt long mitochondrial phylogeny. Species delimitation hypotheses based on the mitochondrial mtMutS gene are largely supported, as six out of nine putative species represented by more than one colony were recovered as discrete, well-supported clades. Significant genetic structure (correlating with geography) was detected within one putative species, suggesting that individuals characterized by the same mtMutS haplotype may belong to distinct species. Conversely, three mtMutS haplotypes formed one well-supported clade within which no population structure was detected, also suggesting that intraspecific variation exists at mtMutS in Chrysogorgia. Despite an impressive decrease in the number of homologous loci across clades, RAD data helped us to fine-tune our interpretations of classical mitochondrial markers used in octocoral species delimitation, and discover previously undetected diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pante
- Laboratoire LIENSs, UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - J Abdelkrim
- 1] Département Systématique et Evolution, UMS 2700 MNHN-CNRS, SSM, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France [2] ISYEB-UMR 7205-CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - A Viricel
- Laboratoire LIENSs, UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, La Rochelle, France
| | - D Gey
- Département Systématique et Evolution, UMS 2700 MNHN-CNRS, SSM, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France
| | - S C France
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, USA
| | - M C Boisselier
- 1] Département Systématique et Evolution, UMS 2700 MNHN-CNRS, SSM, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, France [2] ISYEB-UMR 7205-CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
| | - S Samadi
- ISYEB-UMR 7205-CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, Paris, France
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42
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First evidence of inbreeding, relatedness and chaotic genetic patchiness in the holoplanktonic jellyfish Pelagia noctiluca (Scyphozoa, Cnidaria). PLoS One 2014; 9:e99647. [PMID: 24977703 PMCID: PMC4076186 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic drift and non-random mating seldom influence species with large breeding populations and high dispersal potential, characterized by unstructured gene pool and panmixia at a scale lower than the minimum dispersal range of individuals. In the present study, a set of nine microsatellite markers was developed and used to investigate the spatio-temporal genetic patterns of the holoplanktonic jellyfish Pelagia noctiluca (Scyphozoa) in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea. Homozygote excess was detected at eight loci, and individuals exhibited intra-population relatedness higher than expected by chance in at least three samples. This result was supported by the presence of siblings in at least 5 out 8 samples, 4 of which contained full-sib in addition to half-sib dyads. Having tested and ruled out alternative explanations as null alleles, our results suggest the influence of reproductive and behavioural features in shaping the genetic structure of P. noctiluca, as outcomes of population genetics analyses pointed out. Indeed, the genetic differentiation among populations was globally small but highlighted: a) a spatial genetic patchiness uncorrelated with distance between sampling locations, and b) a significant genetic heterogeneity between samples collected in the same locations in different years. Therefore, despite its extreme dispersal potential, P. noctiluca does not maintain a single homogenous population, but rather these jellyfish appear to have intra-bloom localized recruitment and/or individual cohesiveness, whereby siblings more likely swarm together as a single group and remain close after spawning events. These findings provide the first evidence of family structures and consequent genetic patchiness in a species with highly dispersive potential throughout its whole life cycle, contributing to understanding the patterns of dispersal and connectivity in marine environments.
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Hu ZM. Intertidal population genetic dynamics at a microgeographic seascape scale. Mol Ecol 2014; 22:3191-4. [PMID: 24433569 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 03/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The intertidal community is among the most physically harsh niches on earth, with highly heterogeneous environmental and biological factors that impose strong habitat selection on population abundance, genetic connectivity and ecological adaptation of organisms in nature. However, most genetic studies to date have concentrated on the influence of basin-wide or regional marine environments (e.g. habitat discontinuities, oceanic currents and fronts, and geographic barriers) on spatiotemporal distribution and composition of intertidal invertebrates having planktonic stages or long-distance dispersal capability. Little is known about sessile marine organisms (e.g. seaweeds) in the context of topographic tidal gradients and reproductive traits at the microgeographic scale. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Krueger-Hadfield et al. () implemented an elaborate sampling strategy with red seaweed (Chondrus crispus) from a 90-m transect stand near Roscoff and comprehensively detected genome-scale genetic differentiation and biases in ploidy level. This study not only revealed that tidal height resulted in genetic differentiation between high- and low-shore stands and restricted the genetic exchange within the high-shore habitat, but also demonstrated that intergametophytic nonrandom fertilization in C. crispus can cause significant deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Such new genetic insights highlight the importance of microgeographic genetic dynamics and life history characteristics for better understanding the evolutionary processes of speciation and diversification of intertidal marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Min Hu
- Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China
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Wirshing HH, Feldheim KA, Baker AC. Vectored dispersal of Symbiodinium by larvae of a Caribbean gorgonian octocoral. Mol Ecol 2014; 22:4413-32. [PMID: 23980762 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability of coral reefs to recover from natural and anthropogenic disturbance is difficult to predict, in part due to uncertainty regarding the dispersal capabilities and connectivity of their reef inhabitants. We developed microsatellite markers for the broadcast spawning gorgonian octocoral Eunicea (Plexaura) flexuosa (four markers) and its dinoflagellate symbiont, Symbiodinium B1 (five markers), and used them to assess genetic connectivity, specificity and directionality of gene flow among sites in Florida, Panama, Saba and the Dominican Republic. Bayesian analyses found that most E. flexuosa from the Florida reef tract, Saba and the Dominican Republic were strongly differentiated from many E. flexuosa in Panama, with the exception of five colonies from Key West that clustered with colonies from Panama. In contrast, Symbiodinium B1 was more highly structured. At least seven populations were detected that showed patterns of isolation by distance. The symbionts in the five unusual Key West colonies also clustered with symbionts from Panama, suggesting these colonies are the result of long-distance dispersal. Migration rate tests indicated a weak signal of northward immigration from the Panama population into the lower Florida Keys. As E. flexuosa clonemates only rarely associated with the same Symbiodinium B1 genotype (and vice versa), these data suggest a dynamic host-symbiont relationship in which E. flexuosa is relatively well dispersed but likely acquires Symbiodinium B1 from highly structured natal areas prior to dispersal. Once vectored by host larvae, these symbionts may then spread through the local population, and/or host colonies may acquire different local symbiont genotypes over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herman H Wirshing
- Division of Marine Biology and Fisheries, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, 4600 Rickenbaker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149, USA.
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Giakoumi S, Sini M, Gerovasileiou V, Mazor T, Beher J, Possingham HP, Abdulla A, Çinar ME, Dendrinos P, Gucu AC, Karamanlidis AA, Rodic P, Panayotidis P, Taskin E, Jaklin A, Voultsiadou E, Webster C, Zenetos A, Katsanevakis S. Ecoregion-based conservation planning in the Mediterranean: dealing with large-scale heterogeneity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76449. [PMID: 24155901 PMCID: PMC3796553 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial priorities for the conservation of three key Mediterranean habitats, i.e. seagrass Posidonia oceanica meadows, coralligenous formations, and marine caves, were determined through a systematic planning approach. Available information on the distribution of these habitats across the entire Mediterranean Sea was compiled to produce basin-scale distribution maps. Conservation targets for each habitat type were set according to European Union guidelines. Surrogates were used to estimate the spatial variation of opportunity cost for commercial, non-commercial fishing, and aquaculture. Marxan conservation planning software was used to evaluate the comparative utility of two planning scenarios: (a) a whole-basin scenario, referring to selection of priority areas across the whole Mediterranean Sea, and (b) an ecoregional scenario, in which priority areas were selected within eight predefined ecoregions. Although both scenarios required approximately the same total area to be protected in order to achieve conservation targets, the opportunity cost differed between them. The whole-basin scenario yielded a lower opportunity cost, but the Alboran Sea ecoregion was not represented and priority areas were predominantly located in the Ionian, Aegean, and Adriatic Seas. In comparison, the ecoregional scenario resulted in a higher representation of ecoregions and a more even distribution of priority areas, albeit with a higher opportunity cost. We suggest that planning at the ecoregional level ensures better representativeness of the selected conservation features and adequate protection of species, functional, and genetic diversity across the basin. While there are several initiatives that identify priority areas in the Mediterranean Sea, our approach is novel as it combines three issues: (a) it is based on the distribution of habitats and not species, which was rarely the case in previous efforts, (b) it considers spatial variability of cost throughout this socioeconomically heterogeneous basin, and (c) it adopts ecoregions as the most appropriate level for large-scale planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Giakoumi
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Ag. Kosmas, Greece
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Maria Sini
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Lesvos Island, Greece
| | - Vasilis Gerovasileiou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Tessa Mazor
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jutta Beher
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hugh P. Possingham
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ameer Abdulla
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Melih Ertan Çinar
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, Department of Hydrobiology, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Panagiotis Dendrinos
- MOm/Hellenic Society for the Study and Protection of the Monk seal, Athens, Greece
| | - Ali Cemal Gucu
- Middle East Technical University Institute of Marine Sciences, Erdemli, Mersin, Turkey
| | | | - Petra Rodic
- State Institute For Nature Protection, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Ergun Taskin
- Celal Bayar University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Andrej Jaklin
- Center for Marine Research Rovinj, Ruđer Bošković Institute Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Eleni Voultsiadou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Chloë Webster
- MedPAN, The Network of Managers of Marine Protected Areas in the Mediterranean, Marseille, France
| | - Argyro Zenetos
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Ag. Kosmas, Greece
| | - Stelios Katsanevakis
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Water Resources Unit, Ispra, Italy
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Sanna D, Cossu P, Dedola GL, Scarpa F, Maltagliati F, Castelli A, Franzoi P, Lai T, Cristo B, Curini-Galletti M, Francalacci P, Casu M. Mitochondrial DNA reveals genetic structuring of Pinna nobilis across the Mediterranean Sea. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67372. [PMID: 23840684 PMCID: PMC3696058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pinna nobilis is the largest endemic Mediterranean marine bivalve. During past centuries, various human activities have promoted the regression of its populations. As a consequence of stringent standards of protection, demographic expansions are currently reported in many sites. The aim of this study was to provide the first large broad-scale insight into the genetic variability of P. nobilis in the area that encompasses the western Mediterranean, Ionian Sea, and Adriatic Sea marine ecoregions. To accomplish this objective twenty-five populations from this area were surveyed using two mitochondrial DNA markers (COI and 16S). Our dataset was then merged with those obtained in other studies for the Aegean and Tunisian populations (eastern Mediterranean), and statistical analyses (Bayesian model-based clustering, median-joining network, AMOVA, mismatch distribution, Tajima's and Fu's neutrality tests and Bayesian skyline plots) were performed. The results revealed genetic divergence among three distinguishable areas: (1) western Mediterranean and Ionian Sea; (2) Adriatic Sea; and (3) Aegean Sea and Tunisian coastal areas. From a conservational point of view, populations from the three genetically divergent groups found may be considered as different management units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Sanna
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio - Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Piero Cossu
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio - Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Gian Luca Dedola
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria - Sezione di Anatomia, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fabio Scarpa
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio - Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | | | | | - Piero Franzoi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Cà Foscari, Venezia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Lai
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio - Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Benedetto Cristo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio - Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Curini-Galletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio - Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paolo Francalacci
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio - Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Marco Casu
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio - Sezione di Zoologia, Archeozoologia e Genetica, Università di Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Mokhtar-Jamaï K, Coma R, Wang J, Zuberer F, Féral JP, Aurelle D. Role of evolutionary and ecological factors in the reproductive success and the spatial genetic structure of the temperate gorgonian Paramuricea clavata. Ecol Evol 2013; 3:1765-79. [PMID: 23789084 PMCID: PMC3686208 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Dispersal and mating features strongly influence the evolutionary dynamics and the spatial genetic structure (SGS) of marine populations. For the first time in a marine invertebrate, we examined individual reproductive success, by conducting larval paternity assignments after a natural spawning event, combined with a small-scale SGS analysis within a population of the gorgonian Paramuricea clavata. Thirty four percent of the larvae were sired by male colonies surrounding the brooding female colonies, revealing that the bulk of the mating was accomplished by males from outside the studied area. Male success increased with male height and decreased with increasing male to female distance. The parentage analyses, with a strong level of self-recruitment (25%), unveiled the occurrence of a complex family structure at a small spatial scale, consistent with the limited larval dispersal of this species. However, no evidence of small scale SGS was revealed despite this family structure. Furthermore, temporal genetic structure was not observed, which appears to be related to the rather large effective population size. The low level of inbreeding found suggests a pattern of random mating in this species, which disagrees with expectations that limited larval dispersal should lead to biparental inbreeding. Surface brooding and investment in sexual reproduction in P. clavata contribute to multiple paternity (on average 6.4 fathers were assigned per brood), which enhance genetic diversity of the brood. Several factors may have contributed to the lack of biparental inbreeding in our study such as (i) the lack of sperm limitation at a small scale, (ii) multiple paternity, and (iii) the large effective population size. Thus, our results indicate that limited larval dispersal and complex family structure do not necessarily lead to biparental inbreeding and SGS. In the framework of conservation purposes, our results suggested that colony size, proximity among colonies and the population size should be taken into consideration for restoration projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenza Mokhtar-Jamaï
- Institut National de Recherche Halieutique (INRH)2 rue Tiznit, Casablanca, Morocco
- CNRS, UMR 7263 IMBE, Aix-Marseille UniversitéStation Marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des Lions, 13007, Marseille, France
| | - Rafel Coma
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC)Accés Cala Sant Francesc 14, 17300, Blanes, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jinliang Wang
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of LondonRegent's Park, London, NW1 4RY, U.K
| | - Frederic Zuberer
- CNRS, UMS 3470 Pythéas, Aix-Marseille UniversitéStation Marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des Lions, 13007, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Féral
- CNRS, UMR 7263 IMBE, Aix-Marseille UniversitéStation Marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des Lions, 13007, Marseille, France
| | - Didier Aurelle
- CNRS, UMR 7263 IMBE, Aix-Marseille UniversitéStation Marine d'Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des Lions, 13007, Marseille, France
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Krueger-Hadfield SA, Roze D, Mauger S, Valero M. Intergametophytic selfing and microgeographic genetic structure shape populations of the intertidal red seaweedChondrus crispus. Mol Ecol 2013; 22:3242-60. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. A. Krueger-Hadfield
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin; Station Biologique de Roscoff; Place Georges Teissier 29682 Roscoff France
- CNRS; UMR7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin; Station Biologique de Roscoff; Place Georges Teissier 29682 Roscoff France
- Departamento de Ecología; Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas; Center for Advanced Studies in Ecology and Biodiversity; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; 6513677 Santiago Chile
| | - D. Roze
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin; Station Biologique de Roscoff; Place Georges Teissier 29682 Roscoff France
- CNRS; UMR7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin; Station Biologique de Roscoff; Place Georges Teissier 29682 Roscoff France
| | - S. Mauger
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin; Station Biologique de Roscoff; Place Georges Teissier 29682 Roscoff France
- CNRS; UMR7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin; Station Biologique de Roscoff; Place Georges Teissier 29682 Roscoff France
| | - M. Valero
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMR7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin; Station Biologique de Roscoff; Place Georges Teissier 29682 Roscoff France
- CNRS; UMR7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin; Station Biologique de Roscoff; Place Georges Teissier 29682 Roscoff France
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Baguette M, Blanchet S, Legrand D, Stevens VM, Turlure C. Individual dispersal, landscape connectivity and ecological networks. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2012; 88:310-26. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Blanchet
- USR CNRS 2936; Station d'Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis; 2 route du CNRS; F-09200; Saint Girons; France
| | - Delphine Legrand
- USR CNRS 2936; Station d'Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis; 2 route du CNRS; F-09200; Saint Girons; France
| | - Virginie M. Stevens
- USR CNRS 2936; Station d'Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis; 2 route du CNRS; F-09200; Saint Girons; France
| | - Camille Turlure
- F.R.S.-FNRS; Universite Catholique de Louvain, Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre; Croix du Sud 4; B-1348; Louvain-la-Neuve; Belgium
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50
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Andras JP, Rypien KL, Harvell CD. Range-wide population genetic structure of the Caribbean sea fan coral, Gorgonia ventalina. Mol Ecol 2012; 22:56-73. [PMID: 23171044 DOI: 10.1111/mec.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The population structure of benthic marine organisms is of central relevance to the conservation and management of these often threatened species, as well as to the accurate understanding of their ecological and evolutionary dynamics. A growing body of evidence suggests that marine populations can be structured over short distances despite theoretically high dispersal potential. Yet the proposed mechanisms governing this structure vary, and existing empirical population genetic evidence is of insufficient taxonomic and geographic scope to allow for strong general inferences. Here, we describe the range-wide population genetic structure of an ecologically important Caribbean octocoral, Gorgonia ventalina. Genetic differentiation was positively correlated with geographic distance and negatively correlated with oceanographically modelled dispersal probability throughout the range. Although we observed admixture across hundreds of kilometres, estimated dispersal was low, and populations were differentiated across distances <2 km. These results suggest that populations of G. ventalina may be evolutionarily coupled via gene flow but are largely demographically independent. Observed patterns of differentiation corroborate biogeographic breaks found in other taxa (e.g. an east/west divide near Puerto Rico), and also identify population divides not discussed in previous studies (e.g. the Yucatan Channel). High genotypic diversity and absence of clonemates indicate that sex is the primary reproductive mode for G. ventalina. A comparative analysis of the population structure of G. ventalina and its dinoflagellate symbiont, Symbiodinium, indicates that the dispersal of these symbiotic partners is not coupled, and symbiont transmission occurs horizontally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Andras
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Dale R. Corson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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