1
|
John A, Krämer M, Lehmann M, Kunz HH, Aarabi F, Alseekh S, Fernie A, Sommer F, Schroda M, Zimmer D, Mühlhaus T, Peisker H, Gutbrod K, Dörmann P, Neunzig J, Philippar K, Neuhaus HE. Degradation of FATTY ACID EXPORT PROTEIN1 by RHOMBOID-LIKE PROTEASE11 contributes to cold tolerance in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1937-1962. [PMID: 38242838 PMCID: PMC11062452 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Plants need to acclimate to different stresses to optimize growth under unfavorable conditions. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the abundance of the chloroplast envelope protein FATTY ACID EXPORT PROTEIN1 (FAX1) decreases after the onset of low temperatures. However, how FAX1 degradation occurs and whether altered FAX1 abundance contributes to cold tolerance in plants remains unclear. The rapid cold-induced increase in RHOMBOID-LIKE PROTEASE11 (RBL11) transcript levels, the physical interaction of RBL11 with FAX1, the specific FAX1 degradation after RBL11 expression, and the absence of cold-induced FAX1 degradation in rbl11 loss-of-function mutants suggest that this enzyme is responsible for FAX1 degradation. Proteomic analyses showed that rbl11 mutants have higher levels of FAX1 and other proteins involved in membrane lipid homeostasis, suggesting that RBL11 is a key element in the remodeling of membrane properties during cold conditions. Consequently, in the cold, rbl11 mutants show a shift in lipid biosynthesis toward the eukaryotic pathway, which coincides with impaired cold tolerance. To test whether cold sensitivity is due to increased FAX1 levels, we analyzed FAX1 overexpressors. The rbl11 mutants and FAX1 overexpressor lines show superimposable phenotypic defects upon exposure to cold temperatures. Our re-sults show that the cold-induced degradation of FAX1 by RBL11 is critical for Arabidop-sis to survive cold and freezing periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa John
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - Moritz Krämer
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Kunz
- Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Planegg-Martinsried 82152, Germany
| | - Fayezeh Aarabi
- Max Planck Institut for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max Planck Institut for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Alisdair Fernie
- Max Planck Institut for Molecular Plant Physiology, Central Metabolism, Potsdam D-14476, Germany
| | - Frederik Sommer
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - Michael Schroda
- Molecular Biotechnology and Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - David Zimmer
- Computational Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - Timo Mühlhaus
- Computational Systems Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern D-67653, Germany
| | - Helga Peisker
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, IMBIO, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
| | - Katharina Gutbrod
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, IMBIO, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
| | - Peter Dörmann
- Institute for Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, IMBIO, University of Bonn, Bonn D-53115, Germany
| | - Jens Neunzig
- Plant Biology, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
| | - Katrin Philippar
- Plant Biology, Center for Human and Molecular Biology (ZHMB), Saarland University, Saarbrücken D-66123, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu X, Yu A, Zhang Y, Yu Q, Long R, Kang J, Yang Q, Guo C, Li M. Genome-wide identification and characterization of filamentation temperature-sensitive H (FtsH) genes and expression analysis in response to multiple stresses in Medicago truncatula. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:10097-10109. [PMID: 37910387 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08851-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filamentation temperature-sensitive H (FtsH) is an AAA+ ATP-dependent protease that plays a vital role in plant environmental adaption and tolerance. However, little is known about the function of the FtsH gene family in the most important legume model plant, Medicago truncatula. METHODS AND RESULTS To identify and investigate the potential stress adaptation roles of FtsH gene family in M. truncatula, we conducted a series of genome-wide characterization and expression analyses. Totally, twenty MtFtsH genes were identified, which were unevenly distributed across eight chromosomes and classified into six evolution groups based on their phylogenetic relationships, with each group containing similar structures and motifs. Furthermore, MtFtsH genes exhibited a high degree of collinearity and homology with leguminous plants such as alfalfa and soybean. Multiple cis-elements in the upstream region of MtFtsH genes were also identified that responded to light, abiotic stress, and phytohormones. Public RNA-seq data indicated that MtFtsH genes were induced under both salt and drought stresses, and our transcript expression analysis showed that MtFtsH genes of MtFtsH1, MtFtsH2, MtFtsH4, MtFtsH9, and MtFtsH10 were up-regulated after ABA, H2O2, PEG, and NaCl treatments. These results suggest that MtFtsH genes may play a critical role in drought and high salt stress responses and the adaption processes of plants. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a systematic analysis of FtsH gene family in M. truncatula, serving as a valuable molecular theoretical basis for future functional investigations. Our findings also extend the pool of potential candidate genes for the genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in legume crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Zhu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Andong Yu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China
| | - Qianwen Yu
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhong Guo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, No. 1 of Shida Road, Limin Development Zone, Harbin, 150025, China.
| | - Mingna Li
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Di T, Wu Y, Peng J, Wang J, Wang H, He M, Li N, Hao X, Yang Y, Ni D, Wang L, Wang X. CsCIPK11-Regulated Metalloprotease CsFtsH5 Mediates the Cold Response of Tea Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076288. [PMID: 37047263 PMCID: PMC10094637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Photosystem II repair in chloroplasts is a critical process involved in maintaining a plant’s photosynthetic activity under cold stress. FtsH (filamentation temperature-sensitive H) is an essential metalloprotease that is required for chloroplast photosystem II repair. However, the role of FtsH in tea plants and its regulatory mechanism under cold stress remains elusive. In this study, we cloned a FtsH homolog gene in tea plants, named CsFtsH5, and found that CsFtsH5 was located in the chloroplast and cytomembrane. RT-qPCR showed that the expression of CsFtsH5 was increased with leaf maturity and was significantly induced by light and cold stress. Transient knockdown CsFtsH5 expression in tea leaves using antisense oligonucleotides resulted in hypersensitivity to cold stress, along with higher relative electrolyte leakage and lower Fv/Fm values. To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying CsFtsH5 involvement in the cold stress, we focused on the calcineurin B-like-interacting protein kinase 11 (CsCIPK11), which had a tissue expression pattern similar to that of CsFtsH5 and was also upregulated by light and cold stress. Yeast two-hybrid and dual luciferase (Luc) complementation assays revealed that CsFtsH5 interacted with CsCIPK11. Furthermore, the Dual-Luc assay showed that CsCIPK11-CsFtsH5 interaction might enhance CsFtsH5 stability. Altogether, our study demonstrates that CsFtsH5 is associated with CsCIPK11 and plays a positive role in maintaining the photosynthetic activity of tea plants in response to low temperatures.
Collapse
|
4
|
Yue X, Ke X, Shi Y, Li Y, Zhang C, Wang Y, Hou X. Chloroplast inner envelope protein FtsH11 is involved in the adjustment of assembly of chloroplast ATP synthase under heat stress. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:850-864. [PMID: 36573466 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The maintenance of a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane is an integral aspect of photosynthesis that is mainly established by the splitting of water molecules in photosystem II and plastoquinol oxidation at the cytochrome complex, and it is necessary for the generation of ATP in the last step of photophosphorylation. Although environmental stresses, such as high temperatures, are known to disrupt this fundamental process, only a few studies have explored the molecular mechanisms underlying proton gradient regulation during stress. The present study identified a heat-sensitive mutant that displays aberrant photosynthesis at high temperatures. This mutation was mapped to AtFtsH11, which encodes an ATP-dependent AAA-family metalloprotease. We showed that AtFtsH11 localizes to the chloroplast inner envelope membrane and is capable of degrading the ATP synthase assembly factor BFA3 under heat stress. We posit that this function limits the amount of ATP synthase integrated into the thylakoid membrane to regulate proton efflux from the lumen to the stroma. Our data also suggest that AtFtsH11 is critical in stabilizing photosystem II and cytochrome complexes at high temperatures, and additional studies can further elucidate the specific molecular functions of this critical regulator of photosynthetic thermotolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangsheng Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yafei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yangsheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yetao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao LL, Hong ZH, Wang Y, Wu GZ. Chloroplast proteostasis: A story of birth, life, and death. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 4:100424. [PMID: 35964157 PMCID: PMC9860172 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis (proteostasis) is a dynamic balance of protein synthesis and degradation. Because of the endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and the massive transfer of their genetic information to the nucleus of the host cell, many protein complexes in the chloroplasts are constituted from subunits encoded by both genomes. Hence, the proper function of chloroplasts relies on the coordinated expression of chloroplast- and nucleus-encoded genes. The biogenesis and maintenance of chloroplast proteostasis are dependent on synthesis of chloroplast-encoded proteins, import of nucleus-encoded chloroplast proteins from the cytosol, and clearance of damaged or otherwise undesired "old" proteins. This review focuses on the regulation of chloroplast proteostasis, its interaction with proteostasis of the cytosol, and its retrograde control over nuclear gene expression. We also discuss significant issues and perspectives for future studies and potential applications for improving the photosynthetic performance and stress tolerance of crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Gao
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zheng-Hui Hong
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yinsong Wang
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Guo-Zhang Wu
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Al-Hammady MA, Silva TF, Hussein HN, Saxena G, Modolo LV, Belasy MB, Westphal H, Farag MA. How do algae endosymbionts mediate for their coral host fitness under heat stress? A comprehensive mechanistic overview. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Chloroplasts Protein Quality Control and Turnover: A Multitude of Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147760. [PMID: 35887108 PMCID: PMC9319218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As the organelle of photosynthesis and other important metabolic pathways, chloroplasts contain up to 70% of leaf proteins with uniquely complex processes in synthesis, import, assembly, and turnover. Maintaining functional protein homeostasis in chloroplasts is vitally important for the fitness and survival of plants. Research over the past several decades has revealed a multitude of mechanisms that play important roles in chloroplast protein quality control and turnover under normal and stress conditions. These mechanisms include: (i) endosymbiotically-derived proteases and associated proteins that play a vital role in maintaining protein homeostasis inside the chloroplasts, (ii) the ubiquitin-dependent turnover of unimported chloroplast precursor proteins to prevent their accumulation in the cytosol, (iii) chloroplast-associated degradation of the chloroplast outer-membrane translocon proteins for the regulation of chloroplast protein import, (iv) chloroplast unfolded protein response triggered by accumulated unfolded and misfolded proteins inside the chloroplasts, and (v) vesicle-mediated degradation of chloroplast components in the vacuole. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of these diverse mechanisms of chloroplast protein quality control and turnover and discuss important questions that remain to be addressed in order to better understand and improve important chloroplast functions.
Collapse
|
8
|
Li JY, Yang C, Tian YY, Liu JX. Regulation of Chloroplast Development and Function at Adverse Temperatures in Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 63:580-591. [PMID: 35141744 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcac022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast is essential for photosynthesis, plant growth and development. As semiautonomous organelles, the biogenesis and development of chloroplasts need to be well-regulated during plant growth and stress responses. Low or high ambient temperatures are adverse environmental stresses that affect crop growth and productivity. As sessile organisms, plants regulate the development and function of chloroplasts in a fluctuating temperature environment to maintain normal photosynthesis. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms and regulatory factors required for chloroplast biogenesis and development under cold or heat stress conditions and highlights the importance of chloroplast gene transcription, RNA metabolism, ribosome function and protein homeostasis essential for chloroplast development under adverse temperature conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Chuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Ying-Ying Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Poór P, Nawaz K, Gupta R, Ashfaque F, Khan MIR. Ethylene involvement in the regulation of heat stress tolerance in plants. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:675-698. [PMID: 33713206 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02675-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Because of the rise in global temperature, heat stress has become a major concern for crop production. Heat stress deteriorates plant productivity and alters phenological and physiological responses that aid in precise monitoring and sensing of mild-to-severe transient heat stress. Plants have evolved several sophisticated mechanisms including hormone-signaling pathways to sense heat stimuli and acquire heat stress tolerance. In response to heat stress, ethylene, a gaseous hormone, is produced which is indispensable for plant growth and development and tolerance to various abiotic stresses including heat stress. The manipulation of ethylene in developing heat stress tolerance targeting ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways has brought promising out comes. Conversely increased ethylene biosynthesis and signaling seem to exhibit inhibitory effects in plant growth responses from primitive to maturity stages. This review mainly focuses on the recent studies of ethylene involvement in plant responses to heat stress and its functional regulation, and molecular mechanism underlying the plant responses in the mitigation of heat-induced damages. Furthermore, this review also describes the crosstalk between ethylene and other signaling molecules under heat stress and approaches to improve heat stress tolerance in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kashif Nawaz
- Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farha Ashfaque
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Campitelli BE, Razzaque S, Barbero B, Abdulkina LR, Hall MH, Shippen DE, Juenger TE, Shakirov EV. Plasticity, pleiotropy and fitness trade-offs in Arabidopsis genotypes with different telomere lengths. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1939-1952. [PMID: 34826163 PMCID: PMC9218941 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Telomere length has been implicated in the organismal response to stress, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here we examine the impact of telomere length changes on the responses to three contrasting abiotic environments in Arabidopsis, and measure 32 fitness, developmental, physiological and leaf-level anatomical traits. We report that telomere length in wild-type and short-telomere mutants is resistant to abiotic stress, while the elongated telomeres in ku70 mutants are more plastic. We detected significant pleiotropic effects of telomere length on flowering time and key leaf physiological and anatomical traits. Furthermore, our data reveal a significant genotype by environment (G × E) interaction for reproductive fitness, with the benefits and costs to performance depending on the growth conditions. These results imply that life-history trade-offs between flowering time and reproductive fitness are impacted by telomere length variation. We postulate that telomere length in plants is subject to natural selection imposed by different environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon E. Campitelli
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Texas Institute for Discovery Education in Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Samsad Razzaque
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Borja Barbero
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, 2128 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Liliia R. Abdulkina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan 420008, Russia
| | - Mitchell H. Hall
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
| | - Dorothy E. Shippen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, 2128 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-2128, USA
| | - Thomas E. Juenger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Eugene V. Shakirov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan 420008, Russia
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25701, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, WV 25755, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Húdoková H, Petrik P, Petek-Petrik A, Konôpková A, Leštianska A, Střelcová K, Kmeť J, Kurjak D. Heat-stress response of photosystem II in five ecologically important tree species of European temperate forests. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00958-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
12
|
Kameniarová M, Černý M, Novák J, Ondrisková V, Hrušková L, Berka M, Vankova R, Brzobohatý B. Light Quality Modulates Plant Cold Response and Freezing Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:887103. [PMID: 35755673 PMCID: PMC9221075 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.887103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The cold acclimation process is regulated by many factors like ambient temperature, day length, light intensity, or hormonal status. Experiments with plants grown under different light quality conditions indicate that the plant response to cold is also a light-quality-dependent process. Here, the role of light quality in the cold response was studied in 1-month-old Arabidopsis thaliana (Col-0) plants exposed for 1 week to 4°C at short-day conditions under white (100 and 20 μmol m-2s-1), blue, or red (20 μmol m-2s-1) light conditions. An upregulated expression of CBF1, inhibition of photosynthesis, and an increase in membrane damage showed that blue light enhanced the effect of low temperature. Interestingly, cold-treated plants under blue and red light showed only limited freezing tolerance compared to white light cold-treated plants. Next, the specificity of the light quality signal in cold response was evaluated in Arabidopsis accessions originating from different and contrasting latitudes. In all but one Arabidopsis accession, blue light increased the effect of cold on photosynthetic parameters and electrolyte leakage. This effect was not found for Ws-0, which lacks functional CRY2 protein, indicating its role in the cold response. Proteomics data confirmed significant differences between red and blue light-treated plants at low temperatures and showed that the cold response is highly accession-specific. In general, blue light increased mainly the cold-stress-related proteins and red light-induced higher expression of chloroplast-related proteins, which correlated with higher photosynthetic parameters in red light cold-treated plants. Altogether, our data suggest that light modulates two distinct mechanisms during the cold treatment - red light-driven cell function maintaining program and blue light-activated specific cold response. The importance of mutual complementarity of these mechanisms was demonstrated by significantly higher freezing tolerance of cold-treated plants under white light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kameniarová
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Martin Černý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jan Novák
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Jan Novák
| | - Vladěna Ondrisková
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lenka Hrušková
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Berka
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Radomira Vankova
- Laboratory of Hormonal Regulations in Plants, Institute of Experimental Botany, The Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Bretislav Brzobohatý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Central European Institute of Technology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia
- Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yi L, Liu B, Nixon PJ, Yu J, Chen F. Recent Advances in Understanding the Structural and Functional Evolution of FtsH Proteases. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:837528. [PMID: 35463435 PMCID: PMC9020784 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.837528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The FtsH family of proteases are membrane-anchored, ATP-dependent, zinc metalloproteases. They are universally present in prokaryotes and the mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells. Most bacteria bear a single ftsH gene that produces hexameric homocomplexes with diverse house-keeping roles. However, in mitochondria, chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, multiple FtsH homologs form homo- and heterocomplexes with specialized functions in maintaining photosynthesis and respiration. The diversification of FtsH homologs combined with selective pairing of FtsH isomers is a versatile strategy to enable functional adaptation. In this article we summarize recent progress in understanding the evolution, structure and function of FtsH proteases with a focus on the role of FtsH in photosynthesis and respiration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanbo Yi
- Institute for Food and Bioresource Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peter J. Nixon
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Peter J. Nixon, ; orcid.org/0000-0003-1952-6937
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Jianfeng Yu, ; orcid.org/0000-0001-7174-3803
| | - Feng Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Feng Chen, ; orcid.org/0000-0002-9054-943X
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li Y, Li X, Zhang J, Li D, Yan L, You M, Zhang J, Lei X, Chang D, Ji X, An J, Li M, Bai S, Yan J. Physiological and Proteomic Responses of Contrasting Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) Varieties to High Temperature Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:753011. [PMID: 34956258 PMCID: PMC8695758 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.753011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High temperature (HT) is an important factor for limiting global plant distribution and agricultural production. As the global temperature continues to rise, it is essential to clarify the physiological and molecular mechanisms of alfalfa responding the high temperature, which will contribute to the improvement of heat resistance in leguminous crops. In this study, the physiological and proteomic responses of two alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) varieties contrasting in heat tolerance, MS30 (heat-tolerant) and MS37 (heat-sensitive), were comparatively analyzed under the treatments of continuously rising temperatures for 42 days. The results showed that under the HT stress, the chlorophyll content and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter (Fv/Fm) of alfalfa were significant reduced and some key photosynthesis-related proteins showed a down-regulated trend. Moreover, the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and the electrolyte leakage (EL) of alfalfa showed an upward trend, which indicates both alfalfa varieties were damaged under HT stress. However, because the antioxidation-reduction and osmotic adjustment ability of MS30 were significantly stronger than MS37, the damage degree of the photosynthetic system and membrane system of MS30 is significantly lower than that of MS37. On this basis, the global proteomics analysis was undertaken by tandem mass tags (TMT) technique, a total of 6,704 proteins were identified and quantified. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that a series of key pathways including photosynthesis, metabolism, adjustment and repair were affected by HT stress. Through analyzing Venn diagrams of two alfalfa varieties, 160 and 213 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) that had dynamic changes under HT stress were identified from MS30 and MS37, respectively. Among these DEPs, we screened out some key DEPs, such as ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease FTSH protein, vitamin K epoxide reductase family protein, ClpB3, etc., which plays important functions in response to HT stress. In conclusion, the stronger heat-tolerance of MS30 was attributed to its higher adjustment and repair ability, which could cause the metabolic process of MS30 is more conducive to maintaining its survival and growth than MS37, especially at the later period of HT stress. This study provides a useful catalog of the Medicago sativa L. proteomes with the insight into its future genetic improvement of heat-resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhu Li
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinrui Li
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Daxu Li
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Lijun Yan
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghong You
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiong Lei
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Chang
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofei Ji
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinchan An
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingfeng Li
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiqie Bai
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiajun Yan
- Institute of Herbaceous Plants, Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Aragón-Gastélum JL, Yáñez-Espinosa L, Ramírez-Albores JE, González-Salvatierra C, Flores J. Seasonal ecophysiological variations of Echinocactus platyacanthus, a specially protected cactus species: Effect of induced climate warming. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
|
16
|
Luo S, Kim C. Current Understanding of Temperature Stress-Responsive Chloroplast FtsH Metalloproteases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212106. [PMID: 34829988 PMCID: PMC8622299 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Low and high temperatures are life-threatening stress factors, diminishing plant productivity. One of the earliest responses of plants to stress is a rapid burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in chloroplasts. Widespread efforts over the past decade shed new light on the chloroplast as an environmental sensor, translating the environmental fluctuation into varying physiological responses by utilizing distinct retrograde (chloroplast-to-nucleus) signals. Recent studies have unveiled that chloroplasts mediate a similar unfolded/misfolded/damaged protein response (cpUPR) as observed in the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria. Although observing cpUPR is not surprising since the chloroplast is a prime organelle producing harmful ROS, the intertwined relationship among ROS, protein damage, and chloroplast protein quality controls (cpPQCs) with retrograde signaling has recently been reported. This finding also gives rise to critical attention on chloroplast proteins involved in cpPQCs, ROS detoxifiers, transcription/translation, import of precursor proteins, and assembly/maturation, the deficiency of which compromises chloroplast protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Any perturbation in the protein may require readjustment of proteostasis by transmitting retrograde signal(s) to the nucleus, whose genome encodes most of the chloroplast proteins involved in proteostasis. This review focuses on recent findings on cpUPR and chloroplast-targeted FILAMENTOUS TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE H proteases involved in cpPQC and retrograde signaling and their impacts on plant responses to temperature stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengji Luo
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China;
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chanhong Kim
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xin Z, Wang M, Cuevas HE, Chen J, Harrison M, Pugh NA, Morris G. Sorghum genetic, genomic, and breeding resources. PLANTA 2021; 254:114. [PMID: 34739592 PMCID: PMC8571242 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03742-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Sorghum research has entered an exciting and fruitful era due to the genetic, genomic, and breeding resources that are now available to researchers and plant breeders. As the world faces the challenges of a rising population and a changing global climate, new agricultural solutions will need to be developed to address the food and fiber needs of the future. To that end, sorghum will be an invaluable crop species as it is a stress-resistant C4 plant that is well adapted for semi-arid and arid regions. Sorghum has already remained as a staple food crop in many parts of Africa and Asia and is critically important for animal feed and niche culinary applications in other regions, such as the United States. In addition, sorghum has begun to be developed into a promising feedstock for forage and bioenergy production. Due to this increasing demand for sorghum and its potential to address these needs, the continuous development of powerful community resources is required. These resources include vast collections of sorghum germplasm, high-quality reference genome sequences, sorghum association panels for genome-wide association studies of traits involved in food and bioenergy production, mutant populations for rapid discovery of causative genes for phenotypes relevant to sorghum improvement, gene expression atlas, and online databases that integrate all resources and provide the sorghum community with tools that can be used in breeding and genomic studies. Used in tandem, these valuable resources will ensure that the rate, quality, and collaborative potential of ongoing sorghum improvement efforts is able to rival that of other major crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanguo Xin
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Crop Systems Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 3810, 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79424, USA.
| | - Mingli Wang
- Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, USDA-ARS, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA
| | - Hugo E Cuevas
- Tropical Agriculture Research Station, USDA-ARS, Mayagüez, 00680, Puerto Rico
| | - Junping Chen
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Crop Systems Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 3810, 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79424, USA
| | - Melanie Harrison
- Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, USDA-ARS, Griffin, GA, 30223, USA
| | - N Ace Pugh
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, Crop Systems Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, 3810, 4th Street, Lubbock, TX, 79424, USA
| | - Geoffrey Morris
- Crop Quantitative Genomics, Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Plant Sciences Building, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maziak A, Heidorn-Czarna M, Weremczuk A, Janska H. FTSH4 and OMA1 mitochondrial proteases reduce moderate heat stress-induced protein aggregation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:769-786. [PMID: 34608962 PMCID: PMC8491029 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The threat of global warming makes uncovering mechanisms of plant tolerance to long-term moderate heat stress particularly important. We previously reported that Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants lacking mitochondrial proteases FTSH4 or OMA1 suffer phenotypic changes under long-term stress of 30°C, while their growth at 22°C is not affected. Here we found that these morphological and developmental changes are associated with increased accumulation of insoluble mitochondrial protein aggregates that consist mainly of small heat-shock proteins (sHSPs). Greater accumulation of sHSPs in ftsh4 than oma1 corresponds with more severe phenotypic abnormalities. We showed that the proteolytic activity of FTSH4, and to a lesser extent of OMA1, as well as the chaperone function of FTSH4, is crucial for protecting mitochondrial proteins against aggregation. We demonstrated that HSP23.6 and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 9 present in aggregates are proteolytic substrates of FTSH4, and this form of HSP23.6 is also a substrate of OMA1 protease. In addition, we found that the activity of FTSH4 plays an important role during recovery from elevated to optimal temperatures. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analyses, along with identification of aggregation-prone proteins, implicated mitochondrial pathways affected by protein aggregation (e.g. assembly of complex I) and revealed that the mitochondrial proteomes of ftsh4 and oma1 plants are similarly adapted to long-term moderate heat stress. Overall, our data indicate that both FTSH4 and OMA1 increase the tolerance of plants to long-term moderate heat stress by reducing detergent-tolerant mitochondrial protein aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Maziak
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Heidorn-Czarna
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Weremczuk
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland
| | - Hanna Janska
- Department of Cellular Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, 50-383, Poland
- Author for communication:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu Q, Han T, Yang L, Wang Q, Zhao Y, Jiang D, Ruan X. The essential roles of OsFtsH2 in developing the chloroplast of rice. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:445. [PMID: 34598671 PMCID: PMC8485545 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Filamentation temperature-sensitive H (FtsH) is an ATP-dependent zinc metalloprotease with ATPase activity, proteolysis activity and molecular chaperone-like activity. For now, a total of nine FtsH proteins have been encoded in rice, but their functions have not revealed in detail. In order to investigate the molecular mechanism of OsFtsH2 here, several osftsh2 knockout mutants were successfully generated by the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. RESULTS All the mutants exhibited a phenotype of striking albino leaf and could not survive through the stage of three leaves. OsFtsH2 was located in the chloroplast and preferentially expressed in green tissues. In addition, osftsh2 mutants could not form normal chloroplasts and had lost photosynthetic autotrophic capacity. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that many biological processes such as photosynthesis-related pathways and plant hormone signal transduction were significantly affected in osftsh2 mutants. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the results suggested OsFtsH2 to be essential for chloroplast development in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Wu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Tiantian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China.
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China.
| | - Yingxian Zhao
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China
| | - Dean Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao Ruan
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo, 315100, China.
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Ningbo, 315100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
S Alotaibi S, El-Shehawi AM, M Elseehy M. Heat Shock Proteins Expression Is Regulated by Promoter CpG Methylation/demethylation under Heat Stress in Wheat Varieties. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 23:1310-1320. [PMID: 32981265 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2020.1310.1320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Heat shock proteins are induced by high temperature and other environmental stimuli to protect cellular proteins. Despite extensive research on the molecular response to heat stress, the effect of high temperatures on genes and pathways remains unclear. This study investigated the expression of the HSP17 gene in nine Egyptian wheat varieties and the role of HSP17 promoter CpG methylation in the regulation of HSP17 under high temperature. MATERIALS AND METHODS The HSP17 expression was investigated by using semi-quantitative PCR analysis. Methylation at the HSP17 promoter proximal region was analyzed using bisulphite sequencing and CpG viewer software. RESULTS Under normal conditions, HSP17 and methyltransferase 3 (MET3) exhibited similar expression levels in the 9 studied varieties. After exposure to high temperature, the expression level of HSP17 in Giza155 was barely detected. Among the nine varieties, the expression level of HSP17 was highest in Giza168 (11.3 folds of Giza155). Analysis of methylation of 14 CpG islands at the HSP17 proximal promoter sequence showed that methylation of 10 CpG islands differed only by 10-20%, whereas methylation at the other 4 CpGs differed by 56.7-60%. The high expression of HSP17 in Giza168 in response to high temperature was associated with low methylation of four CpGs and low MET3 expression, whereas low expression of HSP17 in Giza155 was associated with high methylation and high MET3 expression. CONCLUSION The results can aid the development of next-generation approaches to the evaluation of commercial wheat varieties and the development of next-generation approaches to plant breeding employing epiallele integration.
Collapse
|
21
|
Mishra LS, Funk C. The FtsHi Enzymes of Arabidopsis thaliana: Pseudo-Proteases with an Important Function. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5917. [PMID: 34072887 PMCID: PMC8197885 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
FtsH metalloproteases found in eubacteria, animals, and plants are well-known for their vital role in the maintenance and proteolysis of membrane proteins. Their location is restricted to organelles of endosymbiotic origin, the chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana, there are 17 membrane-bound FtsH proteases containing an AAA+ (ATPase associated with various cellular activities) and a Zn2+ metalloprotease domain. However, in five of those, the zinc-binding motif HEXXH is either mutated (FtsHi1, 2, 4, 5) or completely missing (FtsHi3), rendering these enzymes presumably inactive in proteolysis. Still, homozygous null mutants of the pseudo-proteases FtsHi1, 2, 4, 5 are embryo-lethal. Homozygous ftshi3 or a weak point mutant in FTSHi1 are affected in overall plant growth and development. This review will focus on the findings concerning the FtsHi pseudo-proteases and their involvement in protein import, leading to consequences in embryogenesis, seed growth, chloroplast, and leaf development and oxidative stress management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christiane Funk
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li JY, Sun JL, Tian YY, Liu JX. The FtsH-Inactive Protein FtsHi5 Is Required for Chloroplast Development and Protein Accumulation in Chloroplasts at Low Ambient Temperature in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:830390. [PMID: 35185971 PMCID: PMC8850778 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.830390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplasts are indispensable for higher plants. The growth and development of plants are very sensitive to environmental temperature changes, and chloroplast development is also regulated by adverse environmental temperatures. However, the molecular mechanism of how plants coordinate chloroplast development and environmental temperature changes remains largely unknown. Here, a temperature-conditioned chloroplast development defective mutant thermo-sensitive mutant in leaf color 2 (tsl2) of Arabidopsis was obtained through a forward genetic screening. The tsl2 mutant showed a weak yellowish phenotype at normal growth temperature (22°C), and the phenotype was more pronounced at low growth temperature (16°C) and largely rescued at high growth temperature (29°C). Bulk Segregant Analysis (BSA) revealed that TSL2 encodes FtsH-Inactive Protein 5 (FtsHi5). Genetic complementation analysis confirmed that complemented expression of FtsHi5 rescued the chlorophyll content and thylakoid development defects observed in tsl2 mutants at 16°C. Quantitative mass spectrometry analysis with Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) isobaric labeling revealed broad changes in the chloroplast proteome of tsl2 mutant plants at low temperature, which is agreed with the impaired chloroplast biogenesis and function in tsl2 plants. Together, our data demonstrates that FtsHi5/TSL2 plays an important role in chloroplast development and protein accumulation in chloroplasts, especially at low environmental temperatures in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing-Liang Sun
- College of Environment and Resources, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, China
| | - Ying-Ying Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian-Xiang Liu,
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Rampino P, De Pascali M, Perrotta C, Gullì M. New gene functions are involved in the thermotolerance of the wild wheat relative Aegilops umbellulata. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 156:115-124. [PMID: 32927153 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important food crops in the world for human consumption, like all plants it is exposed to environmental stresses including high temperatures. The deleterious effect of high temperatures negatively affects plant growth and development, leading to reduced viability and yield. These effects can be reduced by improvement of thermotolerance through innovative breeding strategies, based on the expansion of the genetic pool available, by exploring important genetic functions from wheat wild progenitors. Improving the genetic thermotolerance characteristics of wheat requires greater understanding of genetic bases of thermotolerance, through identification of high temperature stress related genes. A good source of new useful alleles is given by Aegilops species characterized by thermotolerant habits. In this study we have classified as thermotolerant or thermosensitive, on the basis of physiologic tests, some accessions of wheat wild relative species belonging to Aegilops and Triticum genera. A thermotolerant accession of Aegilops umbellulata (AUM5) was selected, subjected to different thermal treatments and analyzed at transcriptional level. By differential display reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (DDRT-PCR), we investigated modulation of gene expression elicited by heat treatments. This approach allowed the identification of various transcript-derived fragments (TDFs) produced by AUM5 in response to different thermal treatments. The functions of the inducible unique genes in the molecular determination of thermotolerance process are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Rampino
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni 165, 73100, Lecce, Italy.
| | - Mariarosaria De Pascali
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni 165, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Carla Perrotta
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Via Monteroni 165, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Mariolina Gullì
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 11/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Baslam M, Mitsui T, Hodges M, Priesack E, Herritt MT, Aranjuelo I, Sanz-Sáez Á. Photosynthesis in a Changing Global Climate: Scaling Up and Scaling Down in Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:882. [PMID: 32733499 PMCID: PMC7357547 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthesis is the major process leading to primary production in the Biosphere. There is a total of 7000bn tons of CO2 in the atmosphere and photosynthesis fixes more than 100bn tons annually. The CO2 assimilated by the photosynthetic apparatus is the basis of crop production and, therefore, of animal and human food. This has led to a renewed interest in photosynthesis as a target to increase plant production and there is now increasing evidence showing that the strategy of improving photosynthetic traits can increase plant yield. However, photosynthesis and the photosynthetic apparatus are both conditioned by environmental variables such as water availability, temperature, [CO2], salinity, and ozone. The "omics" revolution has allowed a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms regulating stress responses including the identification of genes and proteins involved in the regulation, acclimation, and adaptation of processes that impact photosynthesis. The development of novel non-destructive high-throughput phenotyping techniques has been important to monitor crop photosynthetic responses to changing environmental conditions. This wealth of data is being incorporated into new modeling algorithms to predict plant growth and development under specific environmental constraints. This review gives a multi-perspective description of the impact of changing environmental conditions on photosynthetic performance and consequently plant growth by briefly highlighting how major technological advances including omics, high-throughput photosynthetic measurements, metabolic engineering, and whole plant photosynthetic modeling have helped to improve our understanding of how the photosynthetic machinery can be modified by different abiotic stresses and thus impact crop production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marouane Baslam
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Mitsui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Michael Hodges
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), CNRS, INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Evry, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Eckart Priesack
- Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthew T. Herritt
- USDA-ARS Plant Physiology and Genetics Research, US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ, United States
| | - Iker Aranjuelo
- Agrobiotechnology Institute (IdAB-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Gobierno de Navarra, Mutilva, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sanz-Sáez
- Department of Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Benevenuto RF, Seldal T, Polashock J, Moe SR, Rodriguez‐Saona C, Gillespie MAK, Hegland SJ. Molecular and ecological plant defense responses along an elevational gradient in a boreal ecosystem. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:2478-2491. [PMID: 32184995 PMCID: PMC7069305 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have the capacity to alter their phenotype in response to environmental factors, such as herbivory, a phenomenon called phenotypic plasticity. However, little is known on how plant responses to herbivory are modulated by environmental variation along ecological gradients. To investigate this question, we used bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) plants and an experimental treatment to induce plant defenses (i.e., application of methyl jasmonate; MeJA), to observe ecological responses and gene expression changes along an elevational gradient in a boreal system in western Norway. The gradient included optimal growing conditions for bilberry in this region (ca. 500 m a.s.l.), and the plant's range limits at high (ca. 900 m a.s.l.) and low (100 m a.s.l.) elevations. Across all altitudinal sites, MeJA-treated plants allocated more resources to herbivory resistance while reducing growth and reproduction than control plants, but this response was more pronounced at the lowest elevation. High-elevation plants growing under less herbivory pressure but more resource-limiting conditions exhibited consistently high expression levels of defense genes in both MeJA-treated and untreated plants at all times, suggesting a constant state of "alert." These results suggest that plant defense responses at both the molecular and ecological levels are modulated by the combination of climate and herbivory pressure, such that plants under different environmental conditions differentially direct the resources available to specific antiherbivore strategies. Our findings are important for understanding the complex impact of future climate changes on plant-herbivore interactions, as this is a major driver of ecosystem functioning and biodiversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Fonseca Benevenuto
- Faculty of Engineering and ScienceWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesSogndalNorway
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway
| | - Tarald Seldal
- Faculty of Engineering and ScienceWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesSogndalNorway
| | - James Polashock
- Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables LabPhilip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry ResearchUnited States Department of Agriculture‐Agricultural Research ServiceChatsworthNJUSA
| | - Stein R. Moe
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesÅsNorway
| | - Cesar Rodriguez‐Saona
- Department of EntomologyPhilip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry ResearchRutgersThe State University of New JerseyChatsworthNJUSA
| | - Mark A. K. Gillespie
- Faculty of Engineering and ScienceWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesSogndalNorway
| | - Stein Joar Hegland
- Faculty of Engineering and ScienceWestern Norway University of Applied SciencesSogndalNorway
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang M, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Li M, Wang D, Zhang X, Xi Z, Keefover-Ring K, Smart LB, DiFazio SP, Olson MS, Yin T, Liu J, Ma T. Phylogenomics of the genus Populus reveals extensive interspecific gene flow and balancing selection. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:1370-1382. [PMID: 31550399 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Phylogenetic analysis is complicated by interspecific gene flow and the presence of shared ancestral polymorphisms, particularly those maintained by balancing selection. In this study, we aimed to examine the prevalence of these factors during the diversification of Populus, a model tree genus in the Northern Hemisphere. We constructed phylogenetic trees of 29 Populus taxa using 80 individuals based on re-sequenced genomes. Our species tree analyses recovered four main clades in the genus based on consensus nuclear phylogenies, but in conflict with the plastome phylogeny. A few interspecific relationships remained unresolved within the multiple-species clade because of inconsistent gene trees. Our results indicated that gene flow has been widespread within each clade and also occurred among the four clades during their early divergence. We identified 45 candidate genes with ancient polymorphisms maintained by balancing selection. These genes were mainly associated with mating compatibility, growth and stress resistance. Both gene flow and selection-mediated ancient polymorphisms are prevalent in the genus Populus. These are potentially important contributors to adaptive variation. Our results provide a framework for the diversification of model tree genus that will facilitate future comparative studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Deyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Institute of Innovation Ecology & College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhenxiang Xi
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ken Keefover-Ring
- Departments of Botany and Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 430 Lincoln Dr., Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Lawrence B Smart
- Horticulture Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, 14456, USA
| | - Stephen P DiFazio
- Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 25606, USA
| | - Matthew S Olson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Box 43131, Lubbock, TX, 79409-3131, USA
| | - Tongming Yin
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Jianquan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem, Institute of Innovation Ecology & College of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Marino G, Naranjo B, Wang J, Penzler JF, Kleine T, Leister D. Relationship of GUN1 to FUG1 in chloroplast protein homeostasis. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:521-535. [PMID: 31002470 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
GUN1 integrates retrograde signals in chloroplasts but the underlying mechanism is elusive. FUG1, a chloroplast translation initiation factor, and GUN1 are co-expressed at the transcriptional level, and FUG1 co-immunoprecipitates with GUN1. We used mutants of GUN1 (gun1-103) and FUG1 (fug1-3) to analyse their functional relationship at the physiological and system-wide level, the latter including transcriptome and proteome analyses. Absence of GUN1 aggravates the effects of decreased FUG1 levels on chloroplast protein translation, resulting in transiently more pronounced phenotypes regarding photosynthesis, leaf colouration, growth and cold acclimation. The gun1-103 mutation also enhances variegation in the var2 mutant, increasing the fraction of white sectors, while fug1-3 suppresses the var2 phenotype. The transcriptomes of fug1-3 and gun1-103 plants are very similar, but absence of GUN1 alone has almost no effect on protein levels, whereas steady-state levels of chloroplast proteins are markedly decreased in fug1-3. In fug1 gun1 double mutants, effects on transcriptomes and particularly on proteomes are enhanced. Our results show that GUN1 function becomes critical when chloroplast proteostasis is perturbed by decreased rates of synthesis (fug1) or degradation (var2) of chloroplast proteins, or by low temperatures. The functions of FUG1 and GUN1 appear to be related, corroborating the view that GUN1 helps to maintain chloroplast protein homeostasis (proteostasis).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giada Marino
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Belen Naranjo
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jing Wang
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jan-Ferdinand Penzler
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tatjana Kleine
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Identification of Potential Genes Responsible for Thermotolerance in Wheat under High Temperature Stress. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020174. [PMID: 30823586 PMCID: PMC6410297 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat, a major worldwide staple food crop, is relatively sensitive to a changing environment, including high temperature. The comprehensive mechanism of heat stress response at the molecular level and exploitation of candidate tolerant genes are far from enough. Using transcriptome data, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of wheat under heat stress. A total of 1705 and 17 commonly differential expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in wheat grain and flag leaf, respectively, through transcriptome analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment were also applied to illustrate the functions and metabolic pathways of DEGs involved in thermotolerance of wheat grain and flag leaf. Furthermore, our data suggest that there may be a more complex molecular mechanism or tighter regulatory network in flag leaf than in grain under heat stress over time, as less commonly DEGs, more discrete expression profiles of genes (principle component analysis) and less similar pathway response were observed in flag leaf. In addition, we found that transcriptional regulation of zeatin, brassinosteroid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways may play an important role in wheat’s heat tolerance. The expression changes of some genes were validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and three potential genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis process were identified.
Collapse
|
29
|
Lin CW, Fu SF, Liu YJ, Chen CC, Chang CH, Yang YW, Huang HJ. Analysis of ambient temperature-responsive transcriptome in shoot apical meristem of heat-tolerant and heat-sensitive broccoli inbred lines during floral head formation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:3. [PMID: 30606114 PMCID: PMC6318969 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1613-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head formation of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) is greatly reduced under high temperature (22 °C and 27 °C). Broccoli inbred lines that are capable of producing heads at high temperatures in summer are varieties that are unique to Taiwan. However, knowledge of the early-activated pathways of broccoli head formation under high temperature is limited. RESULTS We compared heat-tolerant (HT) and heat-sensitive (HS) transcriptome of broccoli under different temperatures. Weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that genes involved in calcium signaling pathways, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs), and genes coding for heat-shock proteins and reactive oxygen species homeostasis shared a similar expression pattern to BoFLC1, which was highly expressed at high temperature (27 °C). Of note, these genes were less expressed in HT than HS broccoli at 22 °C. Co-expression analysis identified a model for LRR-RLKs in survival-reproduction tradeoffs by modulating MAPK- versus phytohormones-signaling during head formation. The difference in head-forming ability in response to heat stress between HT and HS broccoli may result from their differential transcriptome profiles of LRR-RLK genes. High temperature induced JA- as well as suppressed auxin- and cytokinin-related pathways may facilitate a balancing act to ensure fitness at 27 °C. BoFLC1 was less expressed in HT than HS at 22 °C, whereas other FLC homologues were not. Promoter analysis of BoFLC1 showed fewer AT dinucleotide repeats in HT broccoli. These results provide insight into the early activation of stress- or development-related pathways during head formation in broccoli. The identification of the BoFLC1 DNA biomarker may facilitate breeding of HT broccoli. CONCLUSIONS In this study, HT and HS broccoli genotypes were used to determine the effect of temperature on head formation by transcriptome profiling. On the basis of the expression pattern of high temperature-associated signaling genes, the HS transcriptome may be involved in stress defense instead of transition to the reproductive phase in response to heat stress. Transcriptome profiling of HT and HS broccoli helps in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying head-forming capacity and in promoting functional marker-assisted breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Wen Lin
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
| | - Shih-Feng Fu
- Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua, 500 Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Liu
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chien Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
| | - Ching-Han Chang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
| | - Yau-Wen Yang
- Kale Biotech. Co, No.218, Fudong St., East Dist, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
| | - Hao-Jen Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, University Rd, Tainan City, 701 Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Adam Z, Aviv-Sharon E, Keren-Paz A, Naveh L, Rozenberg M, Savidor A, Chen J. The Chloroplast Envelope Protease FTSH11 - Interaction With CPN60 and Identification of Potential Substrates. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:428. [PMID: 31024594 PMCID: PMC6459962 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
FTSH proteases are membrane-bound, ATP-dependent metalloproteases found in bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts. The product of one of the 12 genes encoding FTSH proteases in Arabidopsis, FTSH11, has been previously shown to be essential for acquired thermotolerance. However, the substrates of this protease, as well as the mechanism linking it to thermotolerance are largely unknown. To get insight into these, the FTSH11 knockout mutant was complemented with proteolytically active or inactive variants of this protease, tagged with HA-tag, under the control of the native promoter. Using these plants in thermotolerance assay demonstrated that the proteolytic activity, and not only the ATPase one, is essential for conferring thermotolerance. Immunoblot analyses of leaf extracts, isolated organelles and sub-fractionated chloroplast membranes localized FTSH11 mostly to chloroplast envelopes. Affinity purification followed by mass spectrometry analysis revealed interaction between FTSH11 and different components of the CPN60 chaperonin. In affinity enrichment assays, CPN60s as well as a number of envelope, stroma and thylakoid proteins were found associated with proteolytically inactive FTSH11. Comparative proteomic analysis of WT and knockout plants, grown at 20°C or exposed to 30°C for 6 h, revealed a plethora of upregulated chloroplast proteins in the knockout, some of them might be candidate substrates. Among these stood out TIC40, which was stabilized in the knockout line after recovery from heat stress, and three proteins that were found trapped in the affinity enrichment assay: the nucleotide antiporter PAPST2, the fatty acid binding protein FAP1 and the chaperone HSP70. The consistent behavior of these four proteins in different assays suggest that they are potential FTSH11 substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zach Adam
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
- *Correspondence: Zach Adam,
| | - Elinor Aviv-Sharon
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alona Keren-Paz
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Leah Naveh
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mor Rozenberg
- The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alon Savidor
- de Botton Institute for Protein Profiling, The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Junping Chen
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, USDA-ARS, Lubbock, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cen W, Liu J, Lu S, Jia P, Yu K, Han Y, Li R, Luo J. Comparative proteomic analysis of QTL CTS-12 derived from wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.), in the regulation of cold acclimation and de-acclimation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to severe chilling stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:163. [PMID: 30097068 PMCID: PMC6086036 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1381-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a thermophilic crop vulnerable to chilling stress. However, common wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) in Guangxi (China) has the ability to tolerate chilling stress. To better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying chilling tolerance in wild rice, iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis was performed to examine CTS-12, a major chilling tolerance QTL derived from common wild rice, mediated chilling and recovery-induced differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the chilling-tolerant rice line DC90 and the chilling-sensitive 9311. RESULTS Comparative analysis identified 206 and 155 DEPs in 9311 and DC90, respectively, in response to the whole period of chilling and recovery. These DEPs were clustered into 6 functional groups in 9311 and 4 in DC90. The majority were enriched in the 'structural constituent of ribosome', 'protein-chromophore linkage', and 'photosynthesis and light harvesting' categories. Short Time-series Expression Miner (STEM) analysis revealed distinct dynamic responses of both chloroplast photosynthetic and ribosomal proteins between 9311 and DC90. CONCLUSION CTS-12 might mediate the dynamic response of chloroplast photosynthetic and ribosomal proteins in DC90 under chilling (cold acclimation) and recovery (de-acclimation) and thereby enhancing the chilling stress tolerance of this rice line. The identified DEPs and the involvement of CTS-12 in mediating the dynamic response of DC90 at the proteomic level illuminate and deepen the understanding of the mechanisms that underlie chilling stress tolerance in wild rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weijian Cen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Jianbin Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Siyuan Lu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Peilong Jia
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Kai Yu
- Shanghai MHelix BioTech Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201900 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Han
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Rongbai Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Jijing Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Increases in ambient temperatures have been a severe threat to crop production in many countries around the world under climate change. Chloroplasts serve as metabolic centers and play a key role in physiological adaptive processes to heat stress. In addition to expressing heat shock proteins that protect proteins from heat-induced damage, metabolic reprogramming occurs during adaptive physiological processes in chloroplasts. Heat stress leads to inhibition of plant photosynthetic activity by damaging key components functioning in a variety of metabolic processes, with concomitant reductions in biomass production and crop yield. In this review article, we will focus on events through extensive and transient metabolic reprogramming in response to heat stress, which included chlorophyll breakdown, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), antioxidant defense, protein turnover, and metabolic alterations with carbon assimilation. Such diverse metabolic reprogramming in chloroplasts is required for systemic acquired acclimation to heat stress in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Long Wang
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Juan-Hua Chen
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Ning-Yu He
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Fang-Qing Guo
- The National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology & Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Chen J, Burke JJ, Xin Z. Chlorophyll fluorescence analysis revealed essential roles of FtsH11 protease in regulation of the adaptive responses of photosynthetic systems to high temperature. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2018; 18:11. [PMID: 29320985 PMCID: PMC5763919 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1228-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photosynthetic systems are known to be sensitive to high temperature stress. To maintain a relatively "normal" level of photosynthetic activities, plants employ a variety of adaptive mechanisms in response to environmental temperature fluctuations. Previously, we reported that the chloroplast-targeted AtFtsH11 protease played an essential role for Arabidopsis plants to survive at high temperatures and to maintain normal photosynthetic efficiency at moderately elevated temperature. To investigate the factors contributing to the photosynthetic changes in FtsH11 mutant, we performed detailed chlorophyll fluorescence analyses of dark-adapted mutant plants and compared them to Col-0 WT plants under normal, two moderate high temperatures, and a high light conditions. RESULTS We found that mutation of FtsH11 gene caused significant decreases in photosynthetic efficiency of photosystems when environmental temperature raised above optimal. Under moderately high temperatures, the FtsH11 mutant showed significant 1) decreases in electron transfer rates of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), 2) decreases in photosynthetic capabilities of PSII and PSI, 3) increases in non-photochemical quenching, and a host of other chlorophyll fluorescence parameter changes. We also found that the degrees of these negative changes for utilizing the absorbed light energy for photosynthesis in FtsH11 mutant were correlated with the level and duration of the heat treatments. For plants grown under normal temperature and subjected to the high light treatment, no significant difference in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was found between the FtsH11 mutant and Col-0 WT plants. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that AtFtsH11 is essential for normal photosynthetic function under moderately elevated temperatures. The results also suggest that the network mediated by AtFtsH11 protease plays critical roles for maintaining the thermostability and possibly structural integrity of both photosystems under elevated temperatures. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of FtsH11 protease in photosystems may lead to improvement of photosynthetic efficiency under heat stress conditions, hence, plant productivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junping Chen
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, USDA-ARS, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA
| | - John J. Burke
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, USDA-ARS, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA
| | - Zhanguo Xin
- Plant Stress and Germplasm Development Unit, USDA-ARS, 3810 4th Street, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang X, Xu C, Cai X, Wang Q, Dai S. Heat-Responsive Photosynthetic and Signaling Pathways in Plants: Insight from Proteomics. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E2191. [PMID: 29053587 PMCID: PMC5666872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress is a major abiotic stress posing a serious threat to plants. Heat-responsive mechanisms in plants are complicated and fine-tuned. Heat signaling transduction and photosynthesis are highly sensitive. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanism in heat stressed-signaling transduction and photosynthesis is necessary to protect crop yield. Current high-throughput proteomics investigations provide more useful information for underlying heat-responsive signaling pathways and photosynthesis modulation in plants. Several signaling components, such as guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, annexin, and brassinosteroid-insensitive I-kinase domain interacting protein 114, were proposed to be important in heat signaling transduction. Moreover, diverse protein patterns of photosynthetic proteins imply that the modulations of stomatal CO₂ exchange, photosystem II, Calvin cycle, ATP synthesis, and chlorophyll biosynthesis are crucial for plant heat tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Chenxi Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Cai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Quanhua Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Shaojun Dai
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Exploring the heat-responsive chaperones and microsatellite markers associated with terminal heat stress tolerance in developing wheat. Funct Integr Genomics 2017; 17:621-640. [PMID: 28573536 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-017-0560-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Global warming is a major threat for agriculture and food security, and in many cases the negative impacts are already apparent. Wheat is one of the most important staple food crops and is highly sensitive to the heat stress (HS) during reproductive and grain-filling stages. Here, whole transcriptome analysis of thermotolerant wheat cv. HD2985 was carried out at the post-anthesis stage under control (22 ± 3 °C) and HS-treated (42 °C, 2 h) conditions using Illumina Hiseq and Roche GS-FLX 454 platforms. We assembled ~24 million (control) and ~23 million (HS-treated) high-quality trimmed reads using different assemblers with optimal parameters. De novo assembly yielded 52,567 (control) and 59,658 (HS-treated) unigenes. We observed 785 transcripts to be upregulated and 431 transcripts to be downregulated under HS; 78 transcripts showed >10-fold upregulation such as HSPs, metabolic pathway-related genes, etc. Maximum number of upregulated genes was observed to be associated with processes such as HS-response, protein-folding, oxidation-reduction and photosynthesis. We identified 2008 and 2483 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers from control and HS-treated samples; 243 SSRs were observed to be overlying on stress-associated genes. Polymorphic study validated four SSRs to be heat-responsive in nature. Expression analysis of identified differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) showed very high fold increase in the expression of catalytic chaperones (HSP26, HSP17, and Rca) in contrasting wheat cvs. HD2985 and HD2329 under HS. We observed positive correlation between RNA-seq and qRT-PCR expression data. The present study culminated in greater understanding of the heat-response of tolerant genotype and has provided good candidate genes for the marker development and screening of wheat germplasm for thermotolerance.
Collapse
|
36
|
Nishimura K, Kato Y, Sakamoto W. Essentials of Proteolytic Machineries in Chloroplasts. MOLECULAR PLANT 2017; 10:4-19. [PMID: 27585878 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Plastids are unique organelles that can alter their structure and function in response to environmental and developmental stimuli. Chloroplasts are one type of plastid and are the sites for various metabolic processes, including photosynthesis. For optimal photosynthetic activity, the chloroplast proteome must be properly shaped and maintained through regulated proteolysis and protein quality control mechanisms. Enzymatic functions and activities are conferred by protein maturation processes involving consecutive proteolytic reactions. Protein abundances are optimized by the balanced protein synthesis and degradation, which is depending on the metabolic status. Malfunctioning proteins are promptly degraded. Twenty chloroplast proteolytic machineries have been characterized to date. Specifically, processing peptidases and energy-driven processive proteases are the major players in chloroplast proteome biogenesis, remodeling, and maintenance. Recently identified putative proteases are potential regulators of photosynthetic functions. Here we provide an updated, comprehensive overview of chloroplast protein degradation machineries and discuss their importance for photosynthesis. Wherever possible, we also provide structural insights into chloroplast proteases that implement regulated proteolysis of substrate proteins/peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Nishimura
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kato
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wagner R, von Sydow L, Aigner H, Netotea S, Brugière S, Sjögren L, Ferro M, Clarke A, Funk C. Deletion of FtsH11 protease has impact on chloroplast structure and function in Arabidopsis thaliana when grown under continuous light. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:2530-2544. [PMID: 27479913 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The membrane-integrated metalloprotease FtsH11 of Arabidopsis thaliana is proposed to be dual-targeted to mitochondria and chloroplasts. A bleached phenotype was observed in ftsh11 grown at long days or continuous light, pointing to disturbances in the chloroplast. Within the chloroplast, FtsH11 was found to be located exclusively in the envelope. Two chloroplast-located proteins of unknown function (Tic22-like protein and YGGT-A) showed significantly higher abundance in envelope membranes and intact chloroplasts of ftsh11 and therefore qualify as potential substrates for the FtsH11 protease. No proteomic changes were observed in the mitochondria of 6-week-old ftsh11 compared with wild type, and FtsH11 was not immunodetected in these organelles. The abundance of plastidic proteins, especially of photosynthetic proteins, was altered even during standard growth conditions in total leaves of ftsh11. At continuous light, the amount of photosystem I decreased relative to photosystem II, accompanied by a drastic change of the chloroplast morphology and a drop of non-photochemical quenching. FtsH11 is crucial for chloroplast structure and function during growth in prolonged photoperiod.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raik Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lotta von Sydow
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Harald Aigner
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Sergiu Netotea
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure for Life Sciences (BILS), Linköping, Sweden
| | - Sabine Brugière
- U1038 INSERM/CEA/UJ, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Lars Sjögren
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gothenburg University, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Myriam Ferro
- U1038 INSERM/CEA/UJ, Institut de Recherches en Technologies et Sciences pour le Vivant, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Adrian Clarke
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Gothenburg University, 40530, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christiane Funk
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lu Y. Identification and Roles of Photosystem II Assembly, Stability, and Repair Factors in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:168. [PMID: 26909098 PMCID: PMC4754418 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is a multi-component pigment-protein complex that is responsible for water splitting, oxygen evolution, and plastoquinone reduction. Components of PSII can be classified into core proteins, low-molecular-mass proteins, extrinsic oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) proteins, and light-harvesting complex II proteins. In addition to these PSII subunits, more than 60 auxiliary proteins, enzymes, or components of thylakoid protein trafficking/targeting systems have been discovered to be directly or indirectly involved in de novo assembly and/or the repair and reassembly cycle of PSII. For example, components of thylakoid-protein-targeting complexes and the chloroplast-vesicle-transport system were found to deliver PSII subunits to thylakoid membranes. Various auxiliary proteins, such as PsbP-like (Psb stands for PSII) and light-harvesting complex-like proteins, atypical short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family proteins, and tetratricopeptide repeat proteins, were discovered to assist the de novo assembly and stability of PSII and the repair and reassembly cycle of PSII. Furthermore, a series of enzymes were discovered to catalyze important enzymatic steps, such as C-terminal processing of the D1 protein, thiol/disulfide-modulation, peptidylprolyl isomerization, phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of PSII core and antenna proteins, and degradation of photodamaged PSII proteins. This review focuses on the current knowledge of the identities and molecular functions of different types of proteins that influence the assembly, stability, and repair of PSII in the higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana.
Collapse
|
39
|
Gururani MA, Venkatesh J, Tran LSP. Regulation of Photosynthesis during Abiotic Stress-Induced Photoinhibition. MOLECULAR PLANT 2015; 8:1304-20. [PMID: 25997389 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants as sessile organisms are continuously exposed to abiotic stress conditions that impose numerous detrimental effects and cause tremendous loss of yield. Abiotic stresses, including high sunlight, confer serious damage on the photosynthetic machinery of plants. Photosystem II (PSII) is one of the most susceptible components of the photosynthetic machinery that bears the brunt of abiotic stress. In addition to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by abiotic stress, ROS can also result from the absorption of excessive sunlight by the light-harvesting complex. ROS can damage the photosynthetic apparatus, particularly PSII, resulting in photoinhibition due to an imbalance in the photosynthetic redox signaling pathways and the inhibition of PSII repair. Designing plants with improved abiotic stress tolerance will require a comprehensive understanding of ROS signaling and the regulatory functions of various components, including protein kinases, transcription factors, and phytohormones, in the responses of photosynthetic machinery to abiotic stress. Bioenergetics approaches, such as chlorophyll a transient kinetics analysis, have facilitated our understanding of plant vitality and the assessment of PSII efficiency under adverse environmental conditions. This review discusses the current understanding and indicates potential areas of further studies on the regulation of the photosynthetic machinery under abiotic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jelli Venkatesh
- Department of Bioresource and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Lam Son Phan Tran
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mueller SP, Krause DM, Mueller MJ, Fekete A. Accumulation of extra-chloroplastic triacylglycerols in Arabidopsis seedlings during heat acclimation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:4517-26. [PMID: 25977236 PMCID: PMC4507766 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Heat acclimation enables plants to tolerate and survive short-term heat stress on hot days. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a genetically programmed heat shock response can be rapidly triggered in the temperature range of 32-38°C through activation of heat shock transcription factors (HSF). The heat shock response leads to heat acclimation and confers short-term protection against temperatures above 40°C. However, little is known about metabolic adjustments during heat acclimation.Untargeted metabolite analyses of A. thaliana seedlings revealed that levels of polyunsaturated triacylglycerols (TG) rapidly and dramatically increase during heat acclimation. TG accumulation was found to be temperature dependent in a temperature range of 32-50°C (optimum at 42°C) and reversible after a return from 37°C to normal growth temperatures. Heat-induced TGs accumulated in extra-chloroplastic compartments and increased in both roots and shoots to a similar extent. Analysis of mutants deficient in all four HSFA1 master regulator genes or the HSFA2 gene revealed that TG accumulation was not dependent on HSFs. Moreover, the TG response was not limited to heat stress because drought and salt stress also triggered an accumulation of TGs, but not short-term osmotic, cold, and high light stress. Lipid analysis revealed that heat-induced accumulation of TGs was not due to massive de novo fatty acid synthesis. It is hypothesized that TGs serve as transient stores for fatty acids that may be required for membrane remodelling during heat acclimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie P Mueller
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel M Krause
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Martin J Mueller
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Agnes Fekete
- Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, D-97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
van Wijk KJ. Protein maturation and proteolysis in plant plastids, mitochondria, and peroxisomes. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 66:75-111. [PMID: 25580835 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-043014-115547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Plastids, mitochondria, and peroxisomes are key organelles with dynamic proteomes in photosynthetic eukaryotes. Their biogenesis and activity must be coordinated and require intraorganellar protein maturation, degradation, and recycling. The three organelles together are predicted to contain ∼200 presequence peptidases, proteases, aminopeptidases, and specific protease chaperones/adaptors, but the substrates and substrate selection mechanisms are poorly understood. Similarly, lifetime determinants of organellar proteins, such as N-end degrons and tagging systems, have not been identified, but the substrate recognition mechanisms likely share similarities between organelles. Novel degradomics tools for systematic analysis of protein lifetime and proteolysis could define such protease-substrate relationships, degrons, and protein lifetime. Intraorganellar proteolysis is complemented by autophagy of whole organelles or selected organellar content, as well as by cytosolic protein ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. This review summarizes (putative) plant organellar protease functions and substrate-protease relationships. Examples illustrate key proteolytic events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaas J van Wijk
- Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853;
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Jumonji demethylases moderate precocious flowering at elevated temperature via regulation of FLC in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5098. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
|
43
|
Gurjar K, Rampuria S, Joshi U, Palit P, Bhatt KV, Mohapatra T, Sharma R. Identification of heat-related ESTs in moth bean through suppression subtraction hybridization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 173:2116-28. [PMID: 24938820 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1011-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal), an important grain-legume crop grown in hot desert regions of Thar, under scorching sun rays, was investigated for heat tolerance at molecular level. In the present study, we constructed a forward suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) cDNA library of heat tolerant genotype RMO-40 to identify genes expressing under delayed response to elevated temperature. Heat induction was carried out by exposing 14-day-old seedlings to elevated temperature of 42 °C for 30 min. A total of 125 unigenes (33 contigs and 92 singletons) were derived by cluster assembly and sequence alignment of 200 ESTs; out of 125 unigenes, 21 (16 %) were found to be novel to moth bean. Gene ontology functional classification terms were retrieved for 98 (78.4 %) unigenes of which 73 (58.4 %) ESTs were functionally annotated (GO consensus) where 19 unigenes were annotated with 11 enzyme commission (EC) codes and were mapped to 25 different KEGG pathways. We have identified a majority of heat-shock proteins (constituting 35 % of the present library) aiding heat stress tolerance to moth bean. An expression level of 22 ESTs generated from the above SSH cDNA library was studied through semiquantitative RT-PCR assay simultaneously under 5 and 30 min of heat stress at 42 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karun Gurjar
- Plant Biotechnology Centre, Swami Keshwan and Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner, Rajasthan, 334006, India,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Basak I, Pal R, Patil KS, Dunne A, Ho HP, Lee S, Peiris D, Maple-Grødem J, Odell M, Chang EJ, Larsen JP, Møller SG. Arabidopsis AtPARK13, which confers thermotolerance, targets misfolded proteins. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:14458-69. [PMID: 24719325 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.548156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in HTRA2/Omi/PARK13 have been implicated in Parkinson disease (PD). PARK13 is a neuroprotective serine protease; however, little is known about how PARK13 confers stress protection and which protein targets are directly affected by PARK13. We have reported that Arabidopsis thaliana represents a complementary PD model, and here we demonstrate that AtPARK13, similar to human PARK13 (hPARK13), is a mitochondrial protease. We show that the expression/accumulation of AtPARK13 transcripts are induced by heat stress but not by other stress conditions, including oxidative stress and metals. Our data show that elevated levels of AtPARK13 confer thermotolerance in A. thaliana. Increased temperatures accelerate protein unfolding, and we demonstrate that although AtPARK13 can act on native protein substrates, unfolded proteins represent better AtPARK13 substrates. The results further show that AtPARK13 and hPARK13 can degrade the PD proteins α-synuclein (SNCA) and DJ-1/PARK7 directly, without autophagy involvement, and that misfolded SNCA and DJ-1 represent better substrates than their native counterparts. Comparative proteomic profiling revealed AtPARK13-mediated proteome changes, and we identified four proteins that show altered abundance in response to AtPARK13 overexpression and elevated temperatures. Our study not only suggests that AtPARK13 confers thermotolerance by degrading misfolded protein targets, but it also provides new insight into possible roles of this protease in neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Indranil Basak
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, New York 11439
| | - Ramavati Pal
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, New York 11439
| | - Ketan S Patil
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, New York 11439
| | - Aisling Dunne
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, New York 11439
| | - Hsin-Pin Ho
- the Department of Chemistry, York College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 11451
| | - Sungsu Lee
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, New York 11439
| | - Diluka Peiris
- the Department of Molecular and Applied Biosciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, United Kingdom, and
| | - Jodi Maple-Grødem
- the Norwegian Center for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Mark Odell
- the Department of Molecular and Applied Biosciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, United Kingdom, and
| | - Emmanuel J Chang
- the Department of Chemistry, York College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 11451
| | - Jan Petter Larsen
- the Norwegian Center for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| | - Simon G Møller
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, St. John's University, New York, New York 11439, the Norwegian Center for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, 4068 Stavanger, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Silva-Correia J, Freitas S, Tavares RM, Lino-Neto T, Azevedo H. Phenotypic analysis of the Arabidopsis heat stress response during germination and early seedling development. PLANT METHODS 2014; 10:7. [PMID: 24606772 PMCID: PMC3975293 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-10-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenotypic characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana gain- and loss-of-function mutants is a delicate and meticulous task that often involves the analysis of multiple parameters. Arabidopsis heat tolerance has been evaluated based on direct assessments that include seed germination, seedling survival, hypocotyl and root elongation, or indirect measurements such as chlorophyll content or ion leakage. RESULTS In an attempt to simplify the detection of heat stress-associated phenotypes, a collection of protocols for analysis of seed germination and seedling survival to heat treatment is proposed. Temperatures and lengths of heat treatments were combined into several heat tolerance assays, to be used as a primary approach for the search and characterization of basal and acquired heat tolerance-associated phenotypes at early developmental stages. The usefulness of this methodology was illustrated through the characterization of heat-related phenotypes in different Arabidopsis ecotypes as well as in gain- and loss-of-function mutants. CONCLUSIONS The use of standardized experimental protocols designed to detect temperature-related phenotypes is proposed. The suggested plate-based assays provide an appropriate framework of experimental conditions for detection of variability amongst natural accessions or mutants lines. Functional studies could be facilitated by using this inexpensive and undemanding approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Silva-Correia
- Center for Biodiversity, Functional & Integrative Genomics (BioFIG), Plant Functional Biology Center, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Present address: 3B’s Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, 4806-909 Guimarães, Taipas, Portugal
| | - Sara Freitas
- Center for Biodiversity, Functional & Integrative Genomics (BioFIG), Plant Functional Biology Center, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Rui M Tavares
- Center for Biodiversity, Functional & Integrative Genomics (BioFIG), Plant Functional Biology Center, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Teresa Lino-Neto
- Center for Biodiversity, Functional & Integrative Genomics (BioFIG), Plant Functional Biology Center, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Herlânder Azevedo
- Center for Biodiversity, Functional & Integrative Genomics (BioFIG), Plant Functional Biology Center, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Present address: CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Putarjunan A, Liu X, Nolan T, Yu F, Rodermel S. Understanding chloroplast biogenesis using second-site suppressors of immutans and var2. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2013; 116:437-53. [PMID: 23703455 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-013-9855-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplast biogenesis is an essential light-dependent process involving the differentiation of photosynthetically competent chloroplasts from precursors that include undifferentiated proplastids in leaf meristems, as well as etioplasts in dark-grown seedlings. The mechanisms that govern these developmental processes are poorly understood, but entail the coordinated expression of nuclear and plastid genes. This coordination is achieved, in part, by signals generated in response to the metabolic and developmental state of the plastid that regulate the transcription of nuclear genes for photosynthetic proteins (retrograde signaling). Variegation mutants are powerful tools to understand pathways of chloroplast biogenesis, and over the years our lab has focused on immutans (im) and variegated2 (var2), two nuclear gene-induced variegations of Arabidopsis. im and var2 are among the best-characterized chloroplast biogenesis mutants, and they define the genes for plastid terminal oxidase (PTOX) and the AtFtsH2 subunit of the thylakoid FtsH metalloprotease complex, respectively. To gain insight into the function of these proteins, forward and reverse genetic approaches have been used to identify second-site suppressors of im and var2 that replace or bypass the need for PTOX and AtFtsH2 during chloroplast development. In this review, we provide a brief update of im and var2 and the functions of PTOX and AtFtsH2. We then summarize information about second-site suppressors of im and var2 that have been identified to date, and describe how they have provided insight into mechanisms of photosynthesis and pathways of chloroplast development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aarthi Putarjunan
- Department of Genetics, Development and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Luciński R, Jackowski G. AtFtsH heterocomplex-mediated degradation of apoproteins of the major light harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) in response to stresses. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 170:1082-1089. [PMID: 23598180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Chloroplastic heterocomplex consisting of AtFtsH1, 2, 5 and 8 proteases, integrally bound to thylakoid membrane was shown to play a critical role in degradation of photodamaged PsbA molecules, inherent to photosystem II (PSII) repair cycle and in plastid development. As no one thylakoid bound apoproteins besides PsbA has been identified as target for the heterocomplex-mediated degradation we investigated the significance of this protease complex in degradation of apoproteins of the major light harvesting complex of photosystem II (LHCII) in response to various stressing conditions and in stress-related changes in overall composition of LHCII trimers of PSII-enriched membranes (BBY particles). To reach this goal a combination of approaches was applied based on immunoblotting, in vitro degradation and non-denaturing isoelectrofocusing. Exposure of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves to desiccation, cold and high irradiance led to a step-wise disappearance of Lhcb1 and Lhcb2, while Lhcb3 level remained unchanged, except for high irradiance which caused significant Lhcb3 decrease. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that stress-dependent disappearance of Lhcb1-3 is a proteolytic phenomenon for which a metalloprotease is responsible. No changes in Lhcb1-3 level were observed due to exposition of var1-1 mutant leaves to the three stresses clearly pointing to the involvement of AtFtsH heterocomplex in the desiccation, cold and high irradiance-dependent degradation of Lhcb1 and Lhcb2 and in high irradiance-dependent degradation of Lhcb3. Non-denaturing isoelectrofocusing analyses revealed that AtFtsH heterocomplex-dependent differential Lhcb1-3 disappearance behaviour following desiccation stress was accompanied by modulations in abundances of individual LHCII trimers of BBY particles and that LHCII of var1-1 resisted the modulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Luciński
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Bita CE, Gerats T. Plant tolerance to high temperature in a changing environment: scientific fundamentals and production of heat stress-tolerant crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:273. [PMID: 23914193 PMCID: PMC3728475 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 621] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is predicted to have a general negative effect on plant growth due to the damaging effect of high temperatures on plant development. The increasing threat of climatological extremes including very high temperatures might lead to catastrophic loss of crop productivity and result in wide spread famine. In this review, we assess the impact of global climate change on the agricultural crop production. There is a differential effect of climate change both in terms of geographic location and the crops that will likely show the most extreme reductions in yield as a result of expected extreme fluctuations in temperature and global warming in general. High temperature stress has a wide range of effects on plants in terms of physiology, biochemistry and gene regulation pathways. However, strategies exist to crop improvement for heat stress tolerance. In this review, we present recent advances of research on all these levels of investigation and focus on potential leads that may help to understand more fully the mechanisms that make plants tolerant or susceptible to heat stress. Finally, we review possible procedures and methods which could lead to the generation of new varieties with sustainable yield production, in a world likely to be challenged both by increasing population, higher average temperatures and larger temperature fluctuations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Craita E. Bita
- Section Plant Sciences, Institute for Water and Wetland Research, Radboud University NijmegenNijmegen, Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lim SD, Cho HY, Park YC, Ham DJ, Lee JK, Jang CS. The rice RING finger E3 ligase, OsHCI1, drives nuclear export of multiple substrate proteins and its heterogeneous overexpression enhances acquired thermotolerance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:2899-914. [PMID: 23698632 PMCID: PMC3741691 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Thermotolerance is very important for plant survival when plants are subjected to lethally high temperature. However, thus far little is known about the functions of RING E3 ligase in response to heat shock in plants. This study found that one rice gene encoding the RING finger protein was specifically induced by heat and cold stress treatments but not by salinity or dehydration and named it OsHCI1 (Oryza sativa heat and cold induced 1). Subcellular localization results showed that OsHCI1 was mainly associated with the Golgi apparatus and moved rapidly and extensively along the cytoskeleton. In contrast, OsHCI1 may have accumulated in the nucleus under high temperatures. OsHCI1 physically interacted with nuclear substrate proteins including a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor. Transient co-overexpression of OsHCI1 and each of three nuclear proteins showed that their fluorescent signals moved into the cytoplasm as punctuate formations. Heterogeneous overexpression of OsHCI1 in Arabidopsis highly increased survival rate through acquired thermotolerance. It is proposed that OsHCI1 mediates nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking of nuclear substrate proteins via monoubiquitination and drives an inactivation device for the nuclear proteins under heat shock.
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
This review focuses on organellar AAA/FtsH proteases, whose proteolytic and chaperone-like activity is a crucial component of the protein quality control systems of mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes. We compare the AAA/FtsH proteases from yeast, mammals and plants. The nature of the complexes formed by AAA/FtsH proteases and the current view on their involvement in degradation of non-native organellar proteins or assembly of membrane complexes are discussed. Additional functions of AAA proteases not directly connected with protein quality control found in yeast and mammals but not yet in plants are also described shortly. Following an overview of the molecular functions of the AAA/FtsH proteases we discuss physiological consequences of their inactivation in yeast, mammals and plants. The molecular basis of phenotypes associated with inactivation of the AAA/FtsH proteases is not fully understood yet, with the notable exception of those observed in m-AAA protease-deficient yeast cells, which are caused by impaired maturation of mitochondrial ribosomal protein. Finally, examples of cytosolic events affecting protein quality control in mitochondria and chloroplasts are given. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein Import and Quality Control in Mitochondria and Plastids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Janska
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|