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Xie Z, Zhao S, Tu Y, Liu E, Li Y, Wang X, Chen C, Zhai S, Qi J, Wu C, Wu H, Zhou M, Wang W. Proteasome resides in and dismantles plant heat stress granules constitutively. Mol Cell 2024:S1097-2765(24)00631-2. [PMID: 39173636 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Stress granules (SGs) are conserved reversible cytoplasmic condensates enriched with aggregation-prone proteins assembled in response to various stresses. How plants regulate SG dynamics is unclear. Here, we show that 26S proteasome is a stable component of SGs, promoting the overall clearance of SGs without affecting the molecular mobility of SG components. Increase in either temperature or duration of heat stress reduces the molecular mobility of SG marker proteins and suppresses SG clearance. Heat stress induces dramatic ubiquitylation of SG components and enhances the activities of SG-resident proteasomes, allowing the degradation of SG components even during the assembly phase. Their proteolytic activities enable the timely disassembly of SGs and secure the survival of plant cells during the recovery from heat stress. Therefore, our findings identify the cellular process that de-couples macroscopic dynamics of SGs from the molecular dynamics of its constituents and highlights the significance of the proteasomes in SG disassembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouli Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuchen Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Enhui Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xingwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Changtian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuwei Zhai
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chengyun Wu
- The National Engineering Lab of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Honghong Wu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, The Center of Crop Nanobiotechnology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mian Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Gene Resources and Biotechnology for Carbon Reduction and Environmental Improvement, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China.
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2
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Liu C, Hatzianestis IH, Pfirrmann T, Reza SH, Minina EA, Moazzami A, Stael S, Gutierrez-Beltran E, Pitsili E, Dörmann P, D'Andrea S, Gevaert K, Romero-Campero F, Ding P, Nowack MK, Van Breusegem F, Jones JDG, Bozhkov PV, Moschou PN. Seed longevity is controlled by metacaspases. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6748. [PMID: 39117606 PMCID: PMC11310522 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
To survive extreme desiccation, seeds enter a period of quiescence that can last millennia. Seed quiescence involves the accumulation of protective storage proteins and lipids through unknown adjustments in protein homeostasis (proteostasis). Here, we show that mutation of all six type-II metacaspase (MCA-II) proteases in Arabidopsis thaliana disturbs proteostasis in seeds. MCA-II mutant seeds fail to restrict the AAA ATPase CELL DIVISION CYCLE 48 (CDC48) at the endoplasmic reticulum to discard misfolded proteins, compromising seed storability. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localization of CDC48 relies on the MCA-IIs-dependent cleavage of PUX10 (ubiquitination regulatory X domain-containing 10), the adaptor protein responsible for titrating CDC48 to lipid droplets. PUX10 cleavage enables the shuttling of CDC48 between lipid droplets and the ER, providing an important regulatory mechanism sustaining spatiotemporal proteolysis, lipid droplet dynamics, and protein homeostasis. In turn, the removal of the PUX10 adaptor in MCA-II mutant seeds partially restores proteostasis, CDC48 localization, and lipid droplet dynamics prolonging seed lifespan. Taken together, we uncover a proteolytic module conferring seed longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71500, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 71500, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ioannis H Hatzianestis
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71500, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 71500, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Thorsten Pfirrmann
- Department of Medicine, Health and Medical University, 14471, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Salim H Reza
- Plant Ecology and Evolution, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre and the Linnean Centre for Plant Biology in Uppsala, Uppsala University, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Elena A Minina
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ali Moazzami
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Simon Stael
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
- VIB-Ugent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emilio Gutierrez-Beltran
- Instituto de Bioquımica Vegetal y Fotosıntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquımica Vegetal y Biologıa Molecular, Facultad de Biologıa, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Eugenia Pitsili
- VIB-Ugent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Dörmann
- University of Bonn, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants (IMBIO), Karlrobert Kreiten Straße 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sabine D'Andrea
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Kris Gevaert
- VIB Center for Medical Biotechnology, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, B9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 75, B9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francisco Romero-Campero
- Instituto de Bioquımica Vegetal y Fotosıntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientıficas (CSIC)-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Pingtao Ding
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Moritz K Nowack
- VIB-Ugent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- VIB-Ugent Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Technologiepark 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jonathan D G Jones
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Colney Lane, NR47UH, Norwich, UK
| | - Peter V Bozhkov
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Panagiotis N Moschou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71500, Heraklion, Greece.
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, 71500, Heraklion, Greece.
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
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3
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Xu J, Liu H, Zhou C, Wang J, Wang J, Han Y, Zheng N, Zhang M, Li X. The ubiquitin-proteasome system in the plant response to abiotic stress: Potential role in crop resilience improvement. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 342:112035. [PMID: 38367822 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins by ubiquitination modulates many physiological processes in plants. As the major protein degradation pathway in plants, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is considered a promising target for improving crop tolerance drought, high salinity, extreme temperatures, and other abiotic stressors. The UPS also participates in abiotic stress-related abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. E3 ligases are core components of the UPS-mediated modification process due to their substrate specificity. In this review, we focus on the abiotic stress-associated regulatory mechanisms and functions of different UPS components, emphasizing the participation of E3 ubiquitin ligases. We also summarize and discuss UPS-mediated modulation of ABA signaling. In particular, we focus our review on recent research into the UPS-mediated modulation of the abiotic stress response in major crop plants. We propose that altering the ubiquitination site of the substrate or the substrate-specificity of E3 ligase using genome editing technology such as CRISPR/Cas9 may improve the resistance of crop plants to adverse environmental conditions. Such a strategy will require continued research into the role of the UPS in mediating the abiotic stress response in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Qiqihar Branch of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China; Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Zhou
- Qiqihar Branch of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| | - Jinxing Wang
- Suihua Branch of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suihua, China
| | - Junqiang Wang
- Qiqihar Branch of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yehui Han
- Qiqihar Branch of the Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Industrial Crop Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Industrial Crop Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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4
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Yao WJ, Wang YP, Peng J, Yin PP, Gao H, Xu L, Laux T, Zhang XS, Su YH. The RPT2a-MET1 axis regulates TERMINAL FLOWER1 to control inflorescence meristem indeterminacy in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1718-1735. [PMID: 37795677 PMCID: PMC11062425 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant inflorescence architecture is determined by inflorescence meristem (IM) activity and controlled by genetic mechanisms associated with environmental factors. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1) is expressed in the IM and is required to maintain indeterminate growth, whereas LEAFY (LFY) is expressed in the floral meristems (FMs) formed at the periphery of the IM and is required to activate determinate floral development. Here, we address how Arabidopsis indeterminate inflorescence growth is determined. We show that the 26S proteasome subunit REGULATORY PARTICLE AAA-ATPASE 2a (RPT2a) is required to maintain the indeterminate inflorescence architecture in Arabidopsis. rpt2a mutants display reduced TFL1 expression levels and ectopic LFY expression in the IM and develop a determinate zigzag-shaped inflorescence. We further found that RPT2a promotes DNA METHYLTRANSFERASE1 degradation, leading to DNA hypomethylation upstream of TFL1 and high TFL1 expression levels in the wild-type IM. Overall, our work reveals that proteolytic input into the epigenetic regulation of TFL1 expression directs inflorescence architecture in Arabidopsis, adding an additional layer to stem cell regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jinsong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Yi Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jing Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Pei Pei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Hengbin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Thomas Laux
- Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
- Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestrasse 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Xian Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Ying Hua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
- Sino-German Joint Research Center on Agricultural Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China
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5
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Kulagin KA, Starodubova ES, Osipova PJ, Lipatova AV, Cherdantsev IA, Poddubko SV, Karpov VL, Karpov DS. Synergistic Effect of a Combination of Proteasome and Ribonucleotide Reductase Inhibitors in a Biochemical Model of the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and a Glioblastoma Cell Line. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3977. [PMID: 38612788 PMCID: PMC11011839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteasome inhibitors are used in the therapy of several cancers, and clinical trials are underway for their use in the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM). However, GBM becomes resistant to chemotherapy relatively rapidly. Recently, the overexpression of ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) genes was found to mediate therapy resistance in GBM. The use of combinations of chemotherapeutic agents is considered a promising direction in cancer therapy. The present work aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of proteasome and RNR inhibitors in yeast and GBM cell models. We have shown that impaired proteasome function results in increased levels of RNR subunits and increased enzyme activity in yeast. Co-administration of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib and the RNR inhibitor hydroxyurea was found to significantly reduce the growth rate of S. cerevisiae yeast. Accordingly, the combination of bortezomib and another RNR inhibitor gemcitabine reduced the survival of DBTRG-05MG compared to the HEK293 cell line. Thus, yeast can be used as a simple model to evaluate the efficacy of combinations of proteasome and RNR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill A. Kulagin
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (E.S.S.); (P.J.O.); (A.V.L.); (I.A.C.)
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Elizaveta S. Starodubova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (E.S.S.); (P.J.O.); (A.V.L.); (I.A.C.)
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Pamila J. Osipova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (E.S.S.); (P.J.O.); (A.V.L.); (I.A.C.)
- Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, 123007 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anastasia V. Lipatova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (E.S.S.); (P.J.O.); (A.V.L.); (I.A.C.)
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Igor A. Cherdantsev
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (E.S.S.); (P.J.O.); (A.V.L.); (I.A.C.)
| | - Svetlana V. Poddubko
- Institute of Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, 123007 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vadim L. Karpov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Dmitry S. Karpov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (E.S.S.); (P.J.O.); (A.V.L.); (I.A.C.)
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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6
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Liao G, Luo S, Li X, Li A, Mo Y, Wang A, Xiao D, He LF, Zhan J. Identification and functional characterization of REGULATORY PARTICLE NON-ATPASE 1a-like (AhRPN1a-like) in peanuts during aluminum-induced programmed cell death. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 289:154079. [PMID: 37703767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of aluminum (Al) in acidic soil is a prevalent problem and causes reduced crop yields. In the plant response to Al toxicity, programmed cell death (PCD) appears to be one of the important mechanisms. However, the regulation of Al-induced PCD remains poorly understood. Here, we found that an uncharacterized protein REGULATORY PARTICLE NON-ATPASE 1a-like in peanut (AhRPN1a-like), located in the nucleus and cytoplasm, directly interacted with type I metacaspase in peanut (AhMC1). The overexpression of AhRPN1a-like in Arabidopsis strongly enhanced Al inhibition of root growth with a loss of root tip cell viability. Furthermore, in response to Al treatment, the VIGS knockdown line of AhRPN1a-like in peanut displayed decreased transcription of AhMC1, increased root growth, reduced Al-induced PCD and decreased 26S proteasomal activity. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that AhRPN1a-like interacted directly with AhMC1, and promotes the occurrence of Al-induced PCD via the 26S proteasome pathway, thereby reducing Al-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoting Liao
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shuzhen Luo
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ailing Li
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yunchuan Mo
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dong Xiao
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Long-Fei He
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jie Zhan
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology, Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agro-environment and Agric-products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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7
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Wang Z, Li T, Zhang X, Feng J, Liu Z, Shan W, Joosten MHAJ, Govers F, Du Y. A Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector targets a potato ubiquitin-like domain-containing protein to inhibit the proteasome activity and hamper plant immunity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:781-797. [PMID: 36653957 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-like domain-containing proteins (UDPs) are involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome system because of their ability to interact with the 26S proteasome. Here, we identified potato StUDP as a target of the Phytophthora infestans RXLR effector Pi06432 (PITG_06432), which supresses the salicylic acid (SA)-related immune pathway. By overexpressing and silencing of StUDP in potato, we show that StUDP negatively regulates plant immunity against P. infestans. StUDP interacts with, and destabilizes, the 26S proteasome subunit that is referred to as REGULATORY PARTICLE TRIPLE-A ATP-ASE (RPT) subunit StRPT3b. This destabilization represses the proteasome activity. Proteomic analysis and Western blotting show that StUDP decreases the stability of the master transcription factor SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE DEFICIENT 1 (SARD1) in SA biosynthesis. StUDP negatively regulates the SA signalling pathway by repressing the proteasome activity and destabilizing StSARD1, leading to a decreased expression of the SARD1-targeted gene ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE 1 and thereby a decrease in SA content. Pi06432 stabilizes StUDP, and it depends on StUDP to destabilize StRPT3b and thereby supress the proteasome activity. Our study reveals that the P. infestans effector Pi06432 targets StUDP to hamper the homeostasis of the proteasome by the degradation of the proteasome subunit StRPT3b and thereby suppresses SA-related immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaojiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jiashu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhuting Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Weixing Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Matthieu H A J Joosten
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Francine Govers
- Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Yu Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Vegetables, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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8
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Jurado-Flores A, Gotor C, Romero LC. Proteome Dynamics of Persulfidation in Leaf Tissue under Light/Dark Conditions and Carbon Deprivation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040789. [PMID: 37107163 PMCID: PMC10135009 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) acts as a signaling molecule in plants, bacteria, and mammals, regulating various physiological and pathological processes. The molecular mechanism by which hydrogen sulfide exerts its action involves the posttranslational modification of cysteine residues to form a persulfidated thiol motif. This research aimed to study the regulation of protein persulfidation. We used a label-free quantitative approach to measure the protein persulfidation profile in leaves under different growth conditions such as light regimen and carbon deprivation. The proteomic analysis identified a total of 4599 differentially persulfidated proteins, of which 1115 were differentially persulfidated between light and dark conditions. The 544 proteins that were more persulfidated in the dark were analyzed, and showed significant enrichment in functions and pathways related to protein folding and processing in the endoplasmic reticulum. Under light conditions, the persulfidation profile changed, and the number of differentially persulfidated proteins increased up to 913, with the proteasome and ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent catabolic processes being the most-affected biological processes. Under carbon starvation conditions, a cluster of 1405 proteins was affected by a reduction in their persulfidation, being involved in metabolic processes that provide primary metabolites to essential energy pathways and including enzymes involved in sulfur assimilation and sulfide production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Jurado-Flores
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Cecilia Gotor
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luis C Romero
- Instituto de Bioquímica Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas and Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida Américo Vespucio, 49, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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9
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Banerjee N, Khan MS, Swapna M, Yadav S, Tiwari GJ, Jena SN, Patel JD, Manimekalai R, Kumar S, Dattamajuder SK, Kapur R, Koebernick JC, Singh RK. QTL mapping and identification of candidate genes linked to red rot resistance in sugarcane. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:82. [PMID: 36778768 PMCID: PMC9911584 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03481-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum species hybrid) is one of the most important commercial crops cultivated worldwide for products like white sugar, bagasse, ethanol, etc. Red rot is a major sugarcane disease caused by a hemi-biotrophic fungus, Colletotrichum falcatum Went., which can potentially cause a reduction in yield up to 100%. Breeding for red rot-resistant sugarcane varieties has become cumbersome due to its complex genome and frequent generation of new pathotypes of red rot fungus. In the present study, a genetic linkage map was developed using a selfed population of a popular sugarcane variety CoS 96268. A QTL linked to red rot resistance (qREDROT) was identified, which explained 26% of the total phenotypic variation for the trait. A genotype-phenotype network analysis performed to account for epistatic interactions, identified the key markers involved in red rot resistance. The differential expression of the genes located in the genomic region between the two flanking markers of the qREDROT as well as in the vicinity of the markers identified through the genotype-phenotype network analysis in a set of contrasting genotypes for red rot infection further confirmed the mapping results. Further, the expression analysis revealed that the plant defense-related gene coding 26S protease regulatory subunit is strongly associated with the red rot resistance. The findings can help in the screening of disease resistant genotypes for developing red rot-resistant varieties of sugarcane. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03481-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Banerjee
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Raibareli Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002 India
| | - Mohammad Suhail Khan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Raibareli Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002 India
| | - M. Swapna
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Raibareli Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002 India
| | - Sonia Yadav
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Raibareli Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002 India
| | - Gopal Ji Tiwari
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Satya N. Jena
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001 India
| | - Jinesh D. Patel
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - R. Manimekalai
- Biotechnology Lab, Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore, 641007 India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Raibareli Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002 India
| | - S. K. Dattamajuder
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Raibareli Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002 India
| | - Raman Kapur
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Raibareli Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002 India
| | - Jenny C. Koebernick
- Department of Crop, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Ram K. Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Raibareli Road, P.O. Dilkusha, Lucknow, 226002 India
- Present Address: Crop Science Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi, 110001 India
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10
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Jardim-Messeder D, Caverzan A, Balbinott N, Menguer PK, Paiva ALS, Lemos M, Cunha JR, Gaeta ML, Costa M, Zamocky M, Saibo NJM, Silveira JAG, Margis R, Margis-Pinheiro M. Stromal Ascorbate Peroxidase ( OsAPX7) Modulates Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice ( Oryza sativa). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020387. [PMID: 36829946 PMCID: PMC9952370 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chloroplast ascorbate peroxidases exert an important role in the maintenance of hydrogen peroxide levels in chloroplasts by using ascorbate as the specific electron donor. In this work, we performed a functional study of the stromal APX in rice (OsAPX7) and demonstrated that silencing of OsAPX7 did not impact plant growth, redox state, or photosynthesis parameters. Nevertheless, when subjected to drought stress, silenced plants (APX7i) show a higher capacity to maintain stomata aperture and photosynthesis performance, resulting in a higher tolerance when compared to non-transformed plants. RNA-seq analyses indicate that the silencing of OsAPX7 did not lead to changes in the global expression of genes related to reactive oxygen species metabolism. In addition, the drought-mediated induction of several genes related to the proteasome pathway and the down-regulation of genes related to nitrogen and carotenoid metabolism was impaired in APX7i plants. During drought stress, APX7i showed an up-regulation of genes encoding flavonoid and tyrosine metabolism enzymes and a down-regulation of genes related to phytohormones signal transduction and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. Our results demonstrate that OsAPX7 might be involved in signaling transduction pathways related to drought stress response, contributing to the understanding of the physiological role of chloroplast APX isoforms in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas Jardim-Messeder
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andreia Caverzan
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Natalia Balbinott
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Paloma K. Menguer
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Ana L. S. Paiva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Moaciria Lemos
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Juliana R. Cunha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Marcos L. Gaeta
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Miguel Costa
- LEAF, TERRA, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, University of Lisbon, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marcel Zamocky
- Laboratory of Phylogenomic Ecology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 84551 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nelson J. M. Saibo
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Joaquim A. G. Silveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60020-181, CE, Brazil
| | - Rogério Margis
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Margis-Pinheiro
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90010-150, RS, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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11
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Pollastri S, Velikova V, Castaldini M, Fineschi S, Ghirardo A, Renaut J, Schnitzler JP, Sergeant K, Winkler JB, Zorzan S, Loreto F. Isoprene-Emitting Tobacco Plants Are Less Affected by Moderate Water Deficit under Future Climate Change Scenario and Show Adjustments of Stress-Related Proteins in Actual Climate. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:333. [PMID: 36679046 PMCID: PMC9862500 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Isoprene-emitting plants are better protected against thermal and oxidative stresses, which is a desirable trait in a climate-changing (drier and warmer) world. Here we compared the ecophysiological performances of transgenic isoprene-emitting and wild-type non-emitting tobacco plants during water stress and after re-watering in actual environmental conditions (400 ppm of CO2 and 28 °C of average daily temperature) and in a future climate scenario (600 ppm of CO2 and 32 °C of average daily temperature). Furthermore, we intended to complement the present knowledge on the mechanisms involved in isoprene-induced resistance to water deficit stress by examining the proteome of transgenic isoprene-emitting and wild-type non-emitting tobacco plants during water stress and after re-watering in actual climate. Isoprene emitters maintained higher photosynthesis and electron transport rates under moderate stress in future climate conditions. However, physiological resistance to water stress in the isoprene-emitting plants was not as marked as expected in actual climate conditions, perhaps because the stress developed rapidly. In actual climate, isoprene emission capacity affected the tobacco proteomic profile, in particular by upregulating proteins associated with stress protection. Our results strengthen the hypothesis that isoprene biosynthesis is related to metabolic changes at the gene and protein levels involved in the activation of general stress defensive mechanisms of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Pollastri
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Violeta Velikova
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maurizio Castaldini
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Agriculture and Environment, Via di Lanciola 12/A, 50125 Cascine del Riccio, Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Fineschi
- Institute of Heritage Science-CNR (ISPC), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Ghirardo
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation (EUS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Renaut
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Scienceand Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jörg-Peter Schnitzler
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation (EUS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kjell Sergeant
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Scienceand Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jana Barbro Winkler
- Research Unit Environmental Simulation (EUS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Simone Zorzan
- GreenTech Innovation Centre, Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Scienceand Technology (LIST), L-4362 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Francesco Loreto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Naples, Italy
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12
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Xia X, Tang CM, Chen GZ, Han JJ. Proteasome Dysfunction Leads to Suppression of the Hypoxic Response Pathway in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416148. [PMID: 36555789 PMCID: PMC9785350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteasome is a large proteolytic complex that consists of a 20S core particle (20SP) and 19S regulatory particle (19SP) in eukaryotes. The proteasome degrades most cellular proteins, thereby controlling many key processes, including gene expression and protein quality control. Proteasome dysfunction in plants leads to abnormal development and reduced adaptability to environmental stresses. Previous studies have shown that proteasome dysfunction upregulates the gene expression of proteasome subunits, which is known as the proteasome bounce-back response. However, the proteasome bounce-back response cannot explain the damaging effect of proteasome dysfunction on plant growth and stress adaptation. To address this question, we focused on downregulated genes caused by proteasome dysfunction. We first confirmed that the 20SP subunit PBE is an essential proteasome subunit in Arabidopsis and that PBE1 mutation impaired the function of the proteasome. Transcriptome analyses showed that hypoxia-responsive genes were greatly enriched in the downregulated genes in pbe1 mutants. Furthermore, we found that the pbe1 mutant is hypersensitive to waterlogging stress, a typical hypoxic condition, and hypoxia-related developments are impaired in the pbe1 mutant. Meanwhile, the 19SP subunit rpn1a mutant seedlings are also hypersensitive to waterlogging stress. In summary, our results suggested that proteasome dysfunction downregulated the hypoxia-responsive pathway and impaired plant growth and adaptability to hypoxia stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Xia
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Chun-Meng Tang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Gu-Zi Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jia-Jia Han
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology, Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China
- Correspondence:
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13
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Borysiuk K, Ostaszewska-Bugajska M, Kryzheuskaya K, Gardeström P, Szal B. Glyoxalase I activity affects Arabidopsis sensitivity to ammonium nutrition. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2022; 41:2393-2413. [PMID: 36242617 PMCID: PMC9700585 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-022-02931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Elevated methylglyoxal levels contribute to ammonium-induced growth disorders in Arabidopsis thaliana. Methylglyoxal detoxification pathway limitation, mainly the glyoxalase I activity, leads to enhanced sensitivity of plants to ammonium nutrition. Ammonium applied to plants as the exclusive source of nitrogen often triggers multiple phenotypic effects, with severe growth inhibition being the most prominent symptom. Glycolytic flux increase, leading to overproduction of its toxic by-product methylglyoxal (MG), is one of the major metabolic consequences of long-term ammonium nutrition. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of MG metabolism on ammonium-dependent growth restriction in Arabidopsis thaliana plants. As the level of MG in plant cells is maintained by the glyoxalase (GLX) system, we analyzed MG-related metabolism in plants with a dysfunctional glyoxalase pathway. We report that MG detoxification, based on glutathione-dependent glyoxalases, is crucial for plants exposed to ammonium nutrition, and its essential role in ammonium sensitivity relays on glyoxalase I (GLXI) activity. Our results indicated that the accumulation of MG-derived advanced glycation end products significantly contributes to the incidence of ammonium toxicity symptoms. Using A. thaliana frostbite1 as a model plant that overcomes growth repression on ammonium, we have shown that its resistance to enhanced MG levels is based on increased GLXI activity and tolerance to elevated MG-derived advanced glycation end-product (MAGE) levels. Furthermore, our results show that glyoxalase pathway activity strongly affects cellular antioxidative systems. Under stress conditions, the disruption of the MG detoxification pathway limits the functioning of antioxidant defense. However, under optimal growth conditions, a defect in the MG detoxification route results in the activation of antioxidative systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Borysiuk
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Ostaszewska-Bugajska
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katsiaryna Kryzheuskaya
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Per Gardeström
- Department of Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Umeå University, 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Bożena Szal
- Department of Plant Bioenergetics, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.
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14
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Wang Q, Hu J, Hu H, Li Y, Xiang M, Wang D. Integrated eco-physiological, biochemical, and molecular biological analyses of selenium fortification mechanism in alfalfa. PLANTA 2022; 256:114. [PMID: 36370252 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Foliar Se (IV) application at 100 mg/kg can act as a positive bio-stimulator of redox, photosynthesis, and nutrient metabolism in alfalfa via phenotypes, nutritional compositions, biochemistry, combined with transcriptome analysis. Selenium (Se) is an essential element for mammals, and plants are the primary source of dietary Se. However, Se usually has dual (beneficial/toxic) effects on the plant itself. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is one of the most important forage resources in the world due to its high nutritive value. In this study, we have investigated the effects of sodium selenite (Se (IV)) (0, 100, 200, 300, and 500 mg/kg) on eco-physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional mechanisms in alfalfa. The phenotypic and nutritional composition alterations revealed that lower Se (IV) (100 mg/kg) levels positively affected alfalfa; it enhanced the antioxidant activity, which may contribute to redox homeostasis and chloroplast function. At 100 mg/kg Se (IV) concentration, the H2O2, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents decreased by 36.72% and 22.62%, respectively, whereas the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) increased by 31.10%. Se supplementation at 100 mg/kg increased the plant pigments contents, the light-harvesting capacity of PSII (Fv/Fm) and PSI (ΔP700max), and the carbon fixation efficiency, which was demonstrated by enhanced photosynthesis (37.6%). Furthermore, alfalfa shifted carbon flux to protein synthesis to improve quality at 100 mg/kg of Se (IV) by upregulating carbohydrate and amino acid metabolic genes. On the contrary, at 500 mg/kg, Se (IV) became toxic. Higher Se (IV) disordered the plant antioxidant system, increasing H2O2 and MDA by 14.2 and 4.3%, respectively. Moreover, photosynthesis was inhibited by 20.2%, and more structural substances, such as lignin, were synthesized. These results strongly suggest that Se (IV) at a concentration of 100 mg/kg act as the positive bio-stimulator of redox metabolism, photosynthesis, and nutrient in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingdong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Jinke Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Huafeng Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, Hennan, China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China.
| | - Yan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Meiling Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
| | - Dezhen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Bioactive Macromolecules, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
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15
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Park SY, Jung WJ, Bang G, Hwang H, Kim JY. Transcriptome and Proteome Co-Profiling Offers an Understanding of Pre-Harvest Sprouting (PHS) Molecular Mechanisms in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2807. [PMID: 36365261 PMCID: PMC9657071 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a widely grown and enjoyed crop, the diverse and complex global situation and climate are exacerbating the instability of its supply. In particular, pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is one of the major abiotic stresses that frequently occurs due to irregular climate conditions, causing serious damage to wheat and its quality. In this study, transcriptomic analysis with RNA-seq and proteomic analysis with LC-MS/MS were performed in PHS-treated spikes from two wheat cultivars presenting PHS sensitivity and tolerance, respectively. A total of 13,154 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 706 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in four comparison groups between the susceptible/tolerant cultivars. Gene function and correlation analysis were performed to determine the co-profiled genes and proteins affected by PHS treatment. In the functional annotation of each comparative group, similar functions were confirmed in each cultivar under PHS treatment; however, in Keumgang PHS+7 (K7) vs. Woori PHS+7 (W7), functional annotations presented clear differences in the "spliceosome" and "proteasome" pathways. In addition, our results indicate that alternative splicing and ubiquitin-proteasome support the regulation of germination and seed dormancy. This study provides an advanced understanding of the functions involved in transcription and translation related to PHS mechanisms, thus enabling specific proposals for the further analysis of germination and seed dormancy mechanisms and pathways in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Yong Park
- Department of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea
| | - Woo Joo Jung
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Geul Bang
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Heeyoun Hwang
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Korea
| | - Jae Yoon Kim
- Department of Plant Resources, College of Industrial Science, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea
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16
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The RPN12a proteasome subunit is essential for the multiple hormonal homeostasis controlling the progression of leaf senescence. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1043. [PMID: 36180574 PMCID: PMC9525688 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03998-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The 26S proteasome is a conserved multi-subunit machinery in eukaryotes. It selectively degrades ubiquitinated proteins, which in turn provides an efficient molecular mechanism to regulate numerous cellular functions and developmental processes. Here, we studied a new loss-of-function allele of RPN12a, a plant ortholog of the yeast and human structural component of the 19S proteasome RPN12. Combining a set of biochemical and molecular approaches, we confirmed that a rpn12a knock-out had exacerbated 20S and impaired 26S activities. The altered proteasomal activity led to a pleiotropic phenotype affecting both the vegetative growth and reproductive phase of the plant, including a striking repression of leaf senescence associate cell-death. Further investigation demonstrated that RPN12a is involved in the regulation of several conjugates associated with the auxin, cytokinin, ethylene and jasmonic acid homeostasis. Such enhanced aptitude of plant cells for survival in rpn12a contrasts with reports on animals, where 26S proteasome mutants generally show an accelerated cell death phenotype.
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Singh M, Singh A, Yadav N, Yadav DK. Current perspectives of ubiquitination and SUMOylation in abiotic stress tolerance in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:993194. [PMID: 36212351 PMCID: PMC9533872 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.993194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modification (PTM) is a critical and rapid mechanism to regulate all the major cellular processes through the modification of diverse protein substrates. Substrate-specific covalent attachment of ubiquitin and Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier (SUMO) with the target proteins, known as ubiquitination and SUMOylation, respectively, are crucial PTMs that regulate almost every process in the cell by modulating the stability and fidelity of the proteins. Ubiquitination and SUMOylation play a very significant role to provide tolerance to the plants in adverse environmental conditions by activating/deactivating the pre-existing proteins to a great extent. We reviewed the importance of ubiquitination and SUMOylation in plants, implicating its prospects in various abiotic stress regulations. An exhaustive study of molecular mechanisms of ubiquitination and SUMOylation of plant proteins and their role will contribute to the understanding of physiology underlying mitigation of the abiotic stresses and survival in plants. It will be helpful to strategize the improvement of crops for abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Ananya Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Neelam Yadav
- Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Yadav
- Plant Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
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Hu H, Hu J, Wang Q, Xiang M, Zhang Y. Transcriptome analysis revealed accumulation-assimilation of selenium and physio-biochemical changes in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) leaves. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:4577-4588. [PMID: 35170039 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium (Se) is an increasing concern for investigators predominantly because of its consumption in the human body mainly from crops. As the fourth largest plant crop globally, alfalfa is one of the most important forages. Alfalfa was fertilized with selenium(IV) (Se(IV)) under field conditions to study the accumulation and assimilation of Se(IV) and to assess the impact of Se fertilization. RESULTS It was analyzed that the physio-biochemistry, Se species, combined with transcriptome after spraying Se(IV) at different times (0, 12, and 48 h). 9402 and 12 607 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at 12 h (versus 0 h) and 48 h (versus 12 h). DEG functional enrichments proposed two time-specific biological processes: Se(IV) accumulation was the primary process at 0-12 h, and its assimilation mainly occurred during 12-48 h. This was further proved by the separation of various Se speciation at different times. It showed that Se-supplementation also affected the soluble protein, soluble sugar, pigment contents and antioxidant capacity. Selenium-biofortification could improve the stress resistance of alfalfa by enhancing antioxidant system to scavenge reactive oxygen species (e.g. hydrogen peroxide) and boosting carbohydrate metabolism. CONCLUSION By integrating physio-biochemistry, Se-related metabolites, and transcriptome under Se(IV) treatment, this study provides data to guide further work on Se-fortification in alfalfa. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Hu
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinke Hu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingdong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiling Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaru Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Forage Nutrition Regulation and Innovative Utilization of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Grass and Animal Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou, China
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Castander-Olarieta A, Pereira C, Mendes VM, Correia S, Manadas B, Canhoto J, Montalbán IA, Moncaleán P. Thermopriming-associated proteome and sugar content responses in Pinus radiata embryogenic tissue. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 321:111327. [PMID: 35696927 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Improving the capacity of plants to face adverse environmental conditions requires a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing stress response and adaptation. Proteomics, combined with metabolic analyses, offers a wide resource of information to be used in plant breeding programs. Previous studies have shown that somatic embryogenesis in Pinus spp. is a suitable tool not only to investigate stress response processes but also to modulate the behaviour of somatic plants. Based on this, the objective of this study was to analyse the protein and soluble sugar profiles of Pinus radiata embryonal masses after the application of high temperatures to unravel the mechanisms involved in thermopriming and memory acquisition at early stages of the somatic embryogenesis process. Results confirmed that heat provokes deep readjustments in the life cycle of proteins, together with a significant reduction in the carbon-flux of central-metabolism pathways. Heat-priming also promotes the accumulation of proteins involved in oxidative stress defence, in the synthesis of specific amino acids such as isoleucine, influences cell division, the organization of the cytoskeleton and cell-walls, and modifies the levels of free soluble sugars like glucose or fructose. All this seems to be regulated by proteins linked with epigenetic, transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cátia Pereira
- Department of Forestry Science, NEIKER-BRTA, Arkaute, Spain; Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vera M Mendes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sandra Correia
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Canhoto
- Center for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Sharma H, Batra R, Kumar S, Kumar M, Kumar S, Balyan HS, Gupta PK. Identification and characterization of 20S proteasome genes and their relevance to heat/drought tolerance in bread wheat. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Shakya M, Silvester E, Rees G, Rajapaksha KH, Faou P, Holland A. Changes to the amino acid profile and proteome of the tropical freshwater microalga Chlorella sp. in response to copper stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 233:113336. [PMID: 35228027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of freshwaters is increasing globally, with microalgae considered one of the most sensitive taxa to metal pollution. Here, we used 72 h bioassays to explore the biochemical effects of copper (Cu) on the amino acid (AA) profile and proteome of Chlorella sp. and advance our understanding of the molecular changes that occur in algal cells during exposure to environmentally realistic Cu concentrations. The Cu concentrations required to inhibit algal growth rate by 10% (EC10) and 50% (EC50) were 1.0 (0.7-1.2) µg L-1 and 2.0 (1.9-2.4) µg L-1, respectively. The AA profile of Chlorella sp. showed increases in glycine and decreases in isoleucine, leucine, valine, and arginine, with increasing Cu. Proteomic analysis revealed the modulation of several proteins involved in energy production pathways, including: photosynthesis, carbon fixation, glycolysis, and oxidative phosphorylation, which likely assists in meeting increased energy demands under Cu-stressed conditions. Copper exposure also caused up-regulation of cellular processes and signalling proteins, and the down-regulation of proteins related to ribosomal structure and protein translation. These changes in biomolecular pathways have direct effects on the AA profile and total protein content and provide an explanation for the observed changes in amino acid profile, cell growth and morphology. This study shows the complex mode of action of Cu on Chlorella under environmentally realistic Cu concentrations and highlights several potential biomarkers for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Shakya
- Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution (DEEE), La Trobe University, Albury/Wodonga Campus, Vic 3690, Australia.
| | - Ewen Silvester
- Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution (DEEE), La Trobe University, Albury/Wodonga Campus, Vic 3690, Australia
| | - Gavin Rees
- CSIRO Land and Water, and Institute of Land Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, Thurgoona, NSW 2640, Australia
| | - Kolin Harinda Rajapaksha
- La Trobe Comprehensive Proteomics Platform, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic 3083, Australia
| | - Pierre Faou
- La Trobe Comprehensive Proteomics Platform, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Vic 3083, Australia
| | - Aleicia Holland
- Centre for Freshwater Ecosystems, Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution (DEEE), La Trobe University, Albury/Wodonga Campus, Vic 3690, Australia
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Li B, Lin D, Zhai X, Fan G, Zhao Z, Cao X, Yang H, Che T, Yuan Z, Liu T. Conformational Changes in Three-Dimensional Chromatin Structure in Paulownia fortunei After Phytoplasma Infection. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2022; 112:373-386. [PMID: 34124940 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-21-0030-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Higher-order chromatin structures play important roles in regulating multiple biological processes such as growth and development as well as biotic and abiotic stress response. However, little is known about three-dimensional chromatin structures in Paulownia or about whole-genome chromatin conformational changes that occur in response to Paulownia witches' broom (PaWB) disease. We used high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) to obtain genome-wide profiles of chromatin conformation in both healthy and phytoplasma-infected Paulownia fortunei genome. The heat map results indicated that the strongest interactions between chromosomes were in the telomeres. We confirmed that the main structural characteristics of A/B compartments, topologically associated domains, and chromatin loops were prominent in the Paulownia genome and were clearly altered in phytoplasma-infected plants. By combining chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, Hi-C signals, and RNA sequencing data, we inferred that the chromatin structure changed and the modification levels of three histones (H3K4me3/K9ac/K36me3) increased in phytoplasma-infected P. fortunei, which was associated with changes of transcriptional activity. We concluded that for epigenetic modifications, transcriptional activity might function in combination to shape chromatin packing in healthy and phytoplasm-infected Paulownia. Finally, 11 genes (e.g., RPN6, Sec61 subunit-α) that were commonly located at specific topologically associated domain boundaries, A/B compartment switching and specific loops, and had been associated with histone marks were identified and considered as closely related to PaWB stress. Our results provide new insights into the nexus between gene regulation and chromatin conformational alterations in nonmodel plants upon phytopathogen infection and plant disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Li
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Lin
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiao Zhai
- Forestry Academy of Henan, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Fan
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenli Zhao
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xibing Cao
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Yang
- Institute of Paulownia, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiandong Che
- Annoroad Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Zan Yuan
- Annoroad Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Annoroad Gene Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 100176, People's Republic of China
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23
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Cheng C, Wang J, Hou W, Malik K, Zhao C, Niu X, Liu Y, Huang R, Li C, Nan Z. Elucidating the Molecular Mechanisms by which Seed-Borne Endophytic Fungi, Epichloë gansuensis, Increases the Tolerance of Achnatherum inebrians to NaCl Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413191. [PMID: 34947985 PMCID: PMC8706252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed-borne endophyte Epichloë gansuensis enhance NaCl tolerance in Achnatherum inebrians and increase its biomass. However, the molecular mechanism by which E. gansuensis increases the tolerance of host grasses to NaCl stress is unclear. Hence, we firstly explored the full-length transcriptome information of A. inebrians by PacBio RS II. In this work, we obtained 738,588 full-length non-chimeric reads, 36,105 transcript sequences and 27,202 complete CDSs from A. inebrians. We identified 3558 transcription factors (TFs), 15,945 simple sequence repeats and 963 long non-coding RNAs of A. inebrians. The present results show that 2464 and 1817 genes were differentially expressed by E. gansuensis in the leaves of E+ and E− plants at 0 mM and 200 mM NaCl concentrations, respectively. In addition, NaCl stress significantly regulated 4919 DEGs and 502 DEGs in the leaves of E+ and E− plants, respectively. Transcripts associated with photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, amino acids metabolism, flavonoid biosynthetic process and WRKY TFs were differentially expressed by E. gansuensis; importantly, E. gansuensis up-regulated biology processes (brassinosteroid biosynthesis, oxidation–reduction, cellular calcium ion homeostasis, carotene biosynthesis, positive regulation of proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism and proanthocyanidin biosynthesis) of host grass under NaCl stress, which indicated an increase in the ability of host grasses’ adaptation to NaCl stress. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the molecular mechanism for E. gansuensis to increase the tolerance to salt stress in the host, which provides a theoretical basis for the molecular breed to create salt-tolerant forage with endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Wenpeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
| | - Kamran Malik
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
| | - Chengzhou Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China;
- Tibetan Medicine Research Center, College of Tibetan Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xueli Niu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China;
| | - Yinglong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Chunjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Zhibiao Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (C.C.); (W.H.); (Y.L.); (R.H.); (C.L.); (Z.N.)
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
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Kim MS, Kang KK, Cho YG. Molecular and Functional Analysis of U-box E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Gene Family in Rice ( Oryzasativa). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112088. [PMID: 34769518 PMCID: PMC8584879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins encoded by U-box type ubiquitin ligase (PUB) genes in rice are known to play an important role in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. Functional analysis has revealed a detailed molecular mechanism involving PUB proteins in relation to abiotic and biotic stresses. In this study, characteristics of 77 OsPUB genes in rice were identified. Systematic and comprehensive analyses of the OsPUB gene family were then performed, including analysis of conserved domains, phylogenetic relationships, gene structure, chromosome location, cis-acting elements, and expression patterns. Through transcriptome analysis, we confirmed that 16 OsPUB genes show similar expression patterns in drought stress and blast infection response pathways. Numerous cis-acting elements were found in promoter sequences of 16 OsPUB genes, indicating that the OsPUB genes might be involved in complex regulatory networks to control hormones, stress responses, and cellular development. We performed qRT-PCR on 16 OsPUB genes under drought stress and blast infection to further identify the reliability of transcriptome and cis-element analysis data. It was confirmed that the expression pattern was similar to RNA-sequencing analysis results. The transcription of OsPUB under various stress conditions indicates that the PUB gene might have various functions in the responses of rice to abiotic and biotic stresses. Taken together, these results indicate that the genome-wide analysis of OsPUB genes can provide a solid basis for the functional analysis of U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase genes. The molecular information of the U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase gene family in rice, including gene expression patterns and cis-acting regulatory elements, could be useful for future crop breeding programs by genome editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Me-Sun Kim
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Life & Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
| | - Kwon-Kyoo Kang
- Division of Horticultural Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Korea;
| | - Yong-Gu Cho
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Life & Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
- Correspondence:
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Bonea D, Noureddine J, Gazzarrini S, Zhao R. Oxidative and salt stresses alter the 26S proteasome holoenzyme and associated protein profiles in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:486. [PMID: 34696730 PMCID: PMC8543921 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 26S proteasome, canonically composed of multi-subunit 19S regulatory (RP) and 20S core (CP) particles, is crucial for cellular proteostasis. Proteasomes are re-modeled, activated, or re-localized and this regulation is critical for plants in response to environmental stresses. The proteasome holoenzyme assembly and dissociation are therefore highly dynamic in vivo. However, the stoichiometric changes of the plant proteasomes and how proteasome associated chaperones vary under common abiotic stresses have not been systematically studied. RESULTS Here, we studied the impact of abiotic stresses on proteasome structure, activity, and interacting partners in Arabidopsis thaliana. We analyzed available RNA expression data and observed that expressions of proteasome coding genes varied substantially under stresses; however, the protein levels of a few key subunits did not change significantly within 24 h. Instead, a switch in the predominant proteasome complex, from 26S to 20S, occurs under oxidative or salt stress. Oxidative stress also reduced the cellular ATP content and the association of HSP70-family proteins to the 20S proteasome, but enhanced the activity of cellular free form CP. Salt stress, on the other hand, did not affect cellular ATP level, but caused subtle changes in proteasome subunit composition and impacted bindings of assembly chaperones. Analyses of an array of T-DNA insertional mutant lines highlighted important roles for several putative assembly chaperones in seedling establishment and stress sensitivity. We also observed that knockout of PBAC1, one of the α-ring assembly chaperones, resulted in reduced germination and tearing of the seed coat following sterilization. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of proteasome regulation during oxidative stress, involving dynamic regulation of the holoenzyme formation and associated regulatory proteins, and we also identified a novel role of the PBAC1 proteasome assembly chaperone in seed coat development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Bonea
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4 Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5 Canada
| | - Jenan Noureddine
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4 Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5 Canada
| | - Sonia Gazzarrini
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4 Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5 Canada
| | - Rongmin Zhao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4 Canada
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5 Canada
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Tola AJ, Jaballi A, Missihoun TD. Protein Carbonylation: Emerging Roles in Plant Redox Biology and Future Prospects. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1451. [PMID: 34371653 PMCID: PMC8309296 DOI: 10.3390/plants10071451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Plants are sessile in nature and they perceive and react to environmental stresses such as abiotic and biotic factors. These induce a change in the cellular homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS are known to react with cellular components, including DNA, lipids, and proteins, and to interfere with hormone signaling via several post-translational modifications (PTMs). Protein carbonylation (PC) is a non-enzymatic and irreversible PTM induced by ROS. The non-enzymatic feature of the carbonylation reaction has slowed the efforts to identify functions regulated by PC in plants. Yet, in prokaryotic and animal cells, studies have shown the relevance of protein carbonylation as a signal transduction mechanism in physiological processes including hydrogen peroxide sensing, cell proliferation and survival, ferroptosis, and antioxidant response. In this review, we provide a detailed update on the most recent findings pertaining to the role of PC and its implications in various physiological processes in plants. By leveraging the progress made in bacteria and animals, we highlight the main challenges in studying the impacts of carbonylation on protein functions in vivo and the knowledge gap in plants. Inspired by the success stories in animal sciences, we then suggest a few approaches that could be undertaken to overcome these challenges in plant research. Overall, this review describes the state of protein carbonylation research in plants and proposes new research avenues on the link between protein carbonylation and plant redox biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tagnon D. Missihoun
- Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (GRBV), Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 boul. des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada; (A.J.T.); (A.J.)
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Kurepa J, Shull TE, Fisher A, Fisher C, Ji H, Smalle JA. Differential oxidative stress responses and tobacco-specific nitrosamine accumulation in two burley varieties. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 261:153429. [PMID: 33932764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are carcinogens that accumulate in tobacco leaves during curing, storage, and processing, and their amounts in processed tobacco vary dependent on several intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Here, we assessed the hypothesis that there is a link between reactive oxygen species levels in leaves and TSNA formation during curing. First, we show that burley varieties KT 204LC and NCBH 129LC accumulate TSNAs to different levels but not as a result of a variety-specific abundance of TSNA precursors. Next, we measured the levels of reactive oxygen species, and we show that the variety that accumulates more TSNAs, NCBH 129LC, had significantly higher levels of hydrogen peroxide than KT 204LC. The NCBH 129LC also has more oxidatively damaged and glutathionylated proteins. Finally, we analyzed the antioxidant levels in KT 204LC and NCBH 129LC and their tolerance to oxidative stress. NCBH 129LC contained more of the essential antioxidant glutathione and was more tolerant to the oxidative stress-generating compound paraquat. Collectively, our data suggest that there is indeed a link between foliar oxidative stress parameters and the extent to which TSNAs accumulate in cured tobacco leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Kurepa
- Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Program, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40546, USA
| | - Timothy E Shull
- Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Program, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40546, USA
| | - Anne Fisher
- KTRDC, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40546, USA
| | - Colin Fisher
- Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Program, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40546, USA
| | - Huihua Ji
- KTRDC, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40546, USA
| | - Jan A Smalle
- Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Program, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, 40546, USA.
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Fan W, Zheng H, Wang G. Proteomic analysis of ubiquitinated proteins in maize immature kernels. J Proteomics 2021; 243:104261. [PMID: 33984506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Protein ubiquitination is a dynamic post-translational modification involved in various biological processes in eukaryotes. To understand the function of ubiquitinated proteins in maize kernels, we used the specific K-GG antibody coupled with high-resolution LC-MS/MS to identify the ubiquitinated proteins in maize immature kernels. A total of 1999 lysine ubiquitination sites in 881 proteins were identified in maize kernels. Eight conserved ubiquitination motifs included KubD, GKub, EKub, KubXXXE, AKub, NXKub, KubXXXXXN, and KKub were found in ubiquitinated peptides. The ubiquitinated lysine neighborhoods are more frequently presented in ordered structures. Go and KEGG analysis showed the proteins involved in carbohydrate metabolism and protein processing were identified to be the targets of lysine ubiquitination. Other proteins, which related to RNA transport, spliceosome, endocytosis, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, proteasome, and MAPK signaling, were also found to be ubiquitinated. Protein-protein interaction network and KEGG analysis indicated that protein ubiquitination plays a major role in regulating many cellular processes and modulating diverse interactions in maize kernel development. The identification of the 881 ubiquitinated proteins in maize kernels provides a foundation for understanding the physiological roles of these ubiquitinated proteins. Our finding also provides a new insight view into the function of ubiquitinated proteins involved in maize kernel development. SIGNIFICANCE: We reported here the comprehensive proteomic analysis of the ubiquitin-modified proteome in maize kernel. We found that there are some new characteristics of them in ubiquitome of maize immature kernels. The results suggested that protein ubiquitination, as a post-translation modification, plays an essential role in regulating many cellular processes in maize kernel development. This study expands our knowledge on the regulatory roles and mechanisms of protein ubiquitination in maize. and other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fan
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Hongjian Zheng
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences/CIMMYT-China Specialty Maize Research Center, Shanghai 201100, China
| | - Gang Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai 201100, China.
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Li J, Wang W, Yuan J, Xu J, He L, Zhang X, Zhang H. Ubiquitin-independent proteasome system is required for degradation of Arabidopsis COPPER TRANSPORTER 2. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 304:110825. [PMID: 33568283 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to adjust to deficiency or excess of nutrients. Membrane transport proteins play a central role in nutrient uptake from soil. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the COPPER TRANSPORTOR (COPT) family encodes high-affinity copper transporters. COPT2 is transcriptionally regulated in response to changing levels of cellular copper. However, little is known about whether COPT2 activity is subject to multiple levels of regulation. Here, we showed that the plasma membrane-/endoplasmic reticulum-resident COPT2 protein is degraded in response to excess copper. Confocal microscopy analysis together with pharmacological treatment with a vesicle trafficking inhibitor or vacuolar ATPase inhibitor indicated that copper-mediated downregulation of COPT2 is unlikely to be controlled by endosomal recycling and vacuolar system. However, COPT2 protein is stabilized by proteasome inhibition. Through site-directed mutagenesis, we found that COPT2 cannot be ubiquitinated, and lysine residues at the C-terminus is dispensable for copper-induced degradation of COPT2 but required for copper acquisition. Altogether, our findings reveal that unlike many metal transporters in Arabidopsis, COPT2 is a substrate of ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation but not of vacuolar proteases. These findings highlight the mechanistic diversity and complexity of plasma membrane transporter degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China; Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Jinhong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jinyu Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Lifei He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
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Wawrzyńska A, Sirko A. Proteasomal Degradation of Proteins Is Important for the Proper Transcriptional Response to Sulfur Deficiency Conditions in Plants. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:1548-1564. [PMID: 32502259 PMCID: PMC7511249 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants are continuously exposed to different abiotic and biotic stresses; therefore, to protect themselves, they depend on the fast reprogramming of large gene repertoires to prioritize the expression of a given stress-induced gene set over normal cellular household genes. The activity of the proteasome, a large proteolytic complex that degrades proteins, is vital to coordinate the expression of such genes. Proteins are labeled for degradation by the action of E3 ligases that site-specifically alter their substrates by adding chains of ubiquitin. Recent publications have revealed an extensive role of ubiquitination in the utilization of nutrients. This study presents the transcriptomic profiles of sulfur-deficient rosettes and roots of Arabidopsis thaliana rpt2a mutant with proteasomal malfunction. We found that genes connected with sulfur metabolism are regulated to the lesser extent in rpt2a mutant while genes encoding transfer RNAs and small nucleolar RNAs are highly upregulated. Several genes encoding E3 ligases are specifically regulated by sulfur deficiency. Furthermore, we show that a key transcription factor of sulfur deficiency response, Sulfur LIMitation1, undergoes proteasomal degradation and is able to interact with F-box protein, EBF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wawrzyńska
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5A St, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
- Corresponding author: E-mail, ; Fax, +48 22 5922190
| | - Agnieszka Sirko
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5A St, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Protective Roles of Cytosolic and Plastidal Proteasomes on Abiotic Stress and Pathogen Invasion. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070832. [PMID: 32630761 PMCID: PMC7412383 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Protein malfunction is typically caused by abiotic stressors. To ensure cell survival during conditions of stress, it is important for plant cells to maintain proteins in their respective functional conformation. Self-compartmentalizing proteases, such as ATP-dependent Clp proteases and proteasomes are designed to act in the crowded cellular environment, and they are responsible for degradation of misfolded or damaged proteins within the cell. During different types of stress conditions, the levels of misfolded or orphaned proteins that are degraded by the 26S proteasome in the cytosol and nucleus and by the Clp proteases in the mitochondria and chloroplasts increase. This allows cells to uphold feedback regulations to cellular-level signals and adjust to altered environmental conditions. In this review, we summarize recent findings on plant proteolytic complexes with respect to their protective functions against abiotic and biotic stressors.
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Ramu VS, Preethi V, Nisarga KN, Srivastava KR, Sheshshayee MS, Mysore KS, Udayakumar M. Carbonyl Cytotoxicity Affects Plant Cellular Processes and Detoxifying Enzymes Scavenge These Compounds to Improve Stress Tolerance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6237-6247. [PMID: 32401508 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is ubiquitous in environmental stresses and prevails over the cellular metabolic and phenotypic responses in plants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated under stress affect macromolecules to form another group of toxic compounds called reactive carbonyl compounds (RCCs). These molecules have a longer half-life than ROS and cause carbonyl stress that affects cellular metabolism, cellular homeostasis, and crop productivity. The later effect of oxidative stress in terms of the generation of RCCs and glycation products and their effects on plant processes have not been explored well in plant biology. Therefore, how these molecules are produced and a few important effects of RCCs on plants have been discussed in this review article. Further, the plant adaptive detoxification mechanisms of RCCs have been discussed. The enzymes that were identified in plants to detoxify these cytotoxic compounds have broad substrate specificity and the potential for use in breeding programs. The review should provide a comprehensive understanding of the cytotoxic compounds beyond ROS and subsequently their mitigation strategies for crop improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vemanna S Ramu
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Center for Biotechnology, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India
| | - V Preethi
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065, India
| | - K N Nisarga
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065, India
| | | | - M S Sheshshayee
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065, India
| | | | - M Udayakumar
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065, India
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33
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Pereksta D, King D, Saki F, Maroli A, Leonard E, Suseela V, May S, Castellanos Uribe M, Tharayil N, Van Hoewyk D. Proteasome Inhibition in Brassica napus Roots Increases Amino Acid Synthesis to Offset Reduced Proteolysis. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 61:1028-1040. [PMID: 32311031 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis is maintained by the proteasomal degradation of regulatory and misfolded proteins, which sustains the amino acid pool. Although proteasomes alleviate stress by removing damaged proteins, mounting evidence indicates that severe stress caused by salt, metal(oids), and some pathogens can impair the proteasome. However, the consequences of proteasome inhibition in plants are not well understood and even less is known about how its malfunctioning alters metabolic activities. Lethality causes by proteasome inhibition in non-photosynthetic organisms stem from amino acid depletion, and we hypothesized that plants respond to proteasome inhibition by increasing amino acid biosynthesis. To address these questions, the short-term effects of proteasome inhibition were monitored for 3, 8 and 48 h in the roots of Brassica napus treated with the proteasome inhibitor MG132. Proteasome inhibition did not affect the pool of free amino acids after 48 h, which was attributed to elevated de novo amino acid synthesis; these observations coincided with increased levels of sulfite reductase and nitrate reductase activities at earlier time points. However, elevated amino acid synthesis failed to fully restore protein synthesis. In addition, transcriptome analysis points to perturbed abscisic acid signaling and decreased sugar metabolism after 8 h of proteasome inhibition. Proteasome inhibition increased the levels of alternative oxidase but decreased aconitase activity, most sugars and tricarboxylic acid metabolites in root tissue after 48 h. These metabolic responses occurred before we observed an accumulation of reactive oxygen species. We discuss how the metabolic response to proteasome inhibition and abiotic stress partially overlap in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Pereksta
- Biology Department, Coastal Carolina University, 107 Chanticleer Drive, Conway, SC 29526, USA
| | - Dillon King
- Biology Department, Coastal Carolina University, 107 Chanticleer Drive, Conway, SC 29526, USA
- Toxicology and Environmental Health. Duke University. 225 B Wing, Levine Science Research Center Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Fahmida Saki
- Biology Department, Coastal Carolina University, 107 Chanticleer Drive, Conway, SC 29526, USA
- National Technical Institute for the Deaf 52 Lomb Memorial Dr, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - Amith Maroli
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 105 Collins Street, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Elizabeth Leonard
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 105 Collins Street, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Vidya Suseela
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 105 Collins Street, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Sean May
- School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | | | - Nishanth Tharayil
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, 105 Collins Street, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Doug Van Hoewyk
- Biology Department, Coastal Carolina University, 107 Chanticleer Drive, Conway, SC 29526, USA
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Grimmer J, Helm S, Dobritzsch D, Hause G, Shema G, Zahedi RP, Baginsky S. Mild proteasomal stress improves photosynthetic performance in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1662. [PMID: 32245955 PMCID: PMC7125294 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15539-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The proteasome is an essential protein-degradation machinery in eukaryotic cells that controls protein turnover and thereby the biogenesis and function of cell organelles. Chloroplasts import thousands of nuclear-encoded precursor proteins from the cytosol, suggesting that the bulk of plastid proteins is transiently exposed to the cytosolic proteasome complex. Therefore, there is a cytosolic equilibrium between chloroplast precursor protein import and proteasomal degradation. We show here that a shift in this equilibrium, induced by mild genetic proteasome impairment, results in elevated precursor protein abundance in the cytosol and significantly increased accumulation of functional photosynthetic complexes in protein import-deficient chloroplasts. Importantly, a proteasome lid mutant shows improved photosynthetic performance, even in the absence of an import defect, signifying that functional precursors are continuously degraded. Hence, turnover of plastid precursors in the cytosol represents a mechanism to constrain thylakoid membrane assembly and photosynthetic electron transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Grimmer
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Stefan Helm
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Dirk Dobritzsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Gerd Hause
- Biocenter of the University, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 22, 06120, Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Gerta Shema
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - René P Zahedi
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften -ISAS- e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, 3755 Côte Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, QC, H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Sacha Baginsky
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120, Halle, Saale, Germany.
- Biochemistry of Plants, Faculty for Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany.
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35
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Oliveira BRM, de Almeida AAF, Pirovani CP, Barroso JP, de C Neto CH, Santos NA, Ahnert D, Baligar VC, Mangabeira PAO. Mitigation of Cd toxicity by Mn in young plants of cacao, evaluated by the proteomic profiles of leaves and roots. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:340-358. [PMID: 32107699 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02178-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cd is a non-essential metal and highly toxic to plants, animals and humans, even at very low concentrations. Cd has been found in cocoa beans and in their products, as in the case of chocolate. Mn plays an important role in photosynthetic and can interact with Cd and attenuate its toxic effects on plants. The objective of this work was to evaluate the mechanisms of Mn response in the mitigation of Cd toxicity in young plants of the CCN 51 cacao genotype submitted to 0.8 mmol Cd kg-1, 1.6 mmol Mn kg-1 or the combination of 0.4 mmol Cd kg-1 + 0.8 mmol Mn kg-1 soil, together with the control treatment (without addition of Cd and Mn in soil), by means of analysis of changes in the profile of exclusive proteins (EP) and differentially accumulated proteins (DAP). Leaf and root proteins were extracted and quantified from the different treatments, followed by proteomic analysis. About eight DAP and 38 EP were identified in leaves, whereas in roots 43 DAP and 21 EP were identified. Some important proteins induced in the presence of Cd and repressed in the presence of Cd + Mn or vice versa, were ATPases, isoflavone reductase, proteasome and chaperonin. It was concluded that proteins involved in oxidoreduction and defense and stress response processes, in addition to other processes, were induced in the presence of Cd and repressed in the presence of Cd + Mn. This demonstrated that Mn was able to mitigate the toxic effects of Cd on young plants of the CCN 51 cocoa genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Rafaela Machado Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil.
| | - Alex-Alan Furtado de Almeida
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil.
| | - Carlos P Pirovani
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Joedson P Barroso
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos H de C Neto
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Nayara A Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Dário Ahnert
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Viropax C Baligar
- USDA-ARS-Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, MD, USA
| | - Pedro Antonio O Mangabeira
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, km 16, Ilhéus, BA, 45662-900, Brazil
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36
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Hashimoto T, Mustafa G, Nishiuchi T, Komatsu S. Comparative Analysis of the Effect of Inorganic and Organic Chemicals with Silver Nanoparticles on Soybean under Flooding Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1300. [PMID: 32075105 PMCID: PMC7072913 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive utilization of silver nanoparticles (NPs) in agricultural products results in their interaction with other chemicals in the environment. To study the combined effects of silver NPs with nicotinic acid and potassium nitrate (KNO3), a gel-free/label-free proteomic technique was used. Root length/weight and hypocotyl length/weight of soybean were enhanced by silver NPs mixed with nicotinic acid and KNO3. Out of a total 6340 identified proteins, 351 proteins were significantly changed, out of which 247 and 104 proteins increased and decreased, respectively. Differentially changed proteins were predominantly associated with protein degradation and synthesis according to the functional categorization. Protein-degradation-related proteins mainly consisted of the proteasome degradation pathway. The cell death was significantly higher in the root tips of soybean under the combined treatment compared to flooding stress. Accumulation of calnexin/calreticulin and glycoproteins was significantly increased under flooding with silver NPs, nicotinic acid, and KNO3. Growth of soybean seedlings with silver NPs, nicotinic acid, and KNO3 was improved under flooding stress. These results suggest that the combined mixture of silver NPs, nicotinic acid, and KNO3 causes positive effects on soybean seedling by regulating the protein quality control for the mis-folded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, it might improve the growth of soybean under flooding stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hashimoto
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan; (T.H.); (G.M.)
| | - Ghazala Mustafa
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan; (T.H.); (G.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Takumi Nishiuchi
- Institute for Gene Research, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan;
| | - Setsuko Komatsu
- Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui 910-8505, Japan; (T.H.); (G.M.)
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37
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Hwang SK, Koper K, Okita TW. The plastid phosphorylase as a multiple-role player in plant metabolism. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 290:110303. [PMID: 31779913 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The physiological roles of the plastidial phosphorylase in starch metabolism of higher plants have been debated for decades. While estimated physiological substrate levels favor a degradative role, genetic evidence indicates that the plastidial phosphorylase (Pho1) plays an essential role in starch initiation and maturation of the starch granule in developing rice grains. The plastidial enzyme contains a unique peptide domain, up to 82 residues in length depending on the plant species, not found in its cytosolic counterpart or glycogen phosphorylases. The role of this extra peptide domain is perplexing, as its complete removal does not significantly affect the in vitro catalytic or enzymatic regulatory properties of rice Pho1. This peptide domain may have a regulatory function as it contains potential phosphorylation sites and, in some plant Pho1s, a PEST motif, a substrate for proteasome-mediated degradation. We discuss the potential roles of Pho1 and its L80 domain in starch biosynthesis and photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Kap Hwang
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Kaan Koper
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Thomas W Okita
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
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38
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Ali MS, Baek KH. Co-suppression of NbClpC1 and NbClpC2 alters plant morphology with changed hormone levels in Nicotiana benthamiana. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:1317-1328. [PMID: 31385037 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02452-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Co-suppression of chaperonic ClpC1 and ClpC2 in Nicotiana benthamiana significantly affect the development and exogenous application of gibberellin partially rescue the developmental defects. Over the past decade, the Clp protease complex has been identified as being implicated in plastid protein quality control in plant cells. CLPC1 and CLPC2 proteins form the chaperone subunits of the Clp protease complex and unfold protein substrates to thread them into the ClpP complex. Here, using the technique of virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), we suppressed both Nicotiana benthamiana ClpC1 and ClpC2 (NbClpC1/C2) functioning as chaperone subunits in the protease complex. Co-suppression of NbClpC1/C2 caused chlorosis and retarded-growth phenotype with no seed formation and significantly reduced root length. We found that co-suppression of NbClpC1/C2 also affected stomata and trichome formation and vascular bundle differentiation and patterning. Analysis of phytohormones revealed significant alteration and imbalance of major hormones in the leaves of NbClpC1/C2 co-suppressed plant. We also found that application of gibberellin (GA3) partially rescued the developmental defects. Co-suppression of NbClpC1/C2 significantly affected the development of N. benthamiana and exogenous application of GA3 partially rescued the developmental defects. Overall, our findings demonstrate that CLPC1 and CLPC2 proteins have a pivotal role in plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sarafat Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Xu FQ, Xue HW. The ubiquitin-proteasome system in plant responses to environments. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:2931-2944. [PMID: 31364170 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a rapid regulatory mechanism for selective protein degradation in plants and plays crucial roles in growth and development. There is increasing evidence that the UPS is also an integral part of plant adaptation to environmental stress, such as drought, salinity, cold, nutrient deprivation and pathogens. This review focuses on recent studies illustrating the important functions of the UPS components E2s, E3s and subunits of the proteasome and describes the regulation of proteasome activity during plant responses to environment stimuli. The future research hotspots and the potential for utilization of the UPS to improve plant tolerance to stress are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fa-Qing Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Wei Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200032, Shanghai, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
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40
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Mano J, Biswas MS, Sugimoto K. Reactive Carbonyl Species: A Missing Link in ROS Signaling. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E391. [PMID: 31575078 PMCID: PMC6843276 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As reactive oxygen species (ROS) play critical roles in plants to determine cell fate in various physiological situations, there is keen interest in the biochemical processes of ROS signal transmission. Reactive carbonyl species (RCS), the ,-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones produced from lipid peroxides, due to their chemical property to covalently modify protein, can mediate ROS signals to proteins. Comprehensive carbonyl analysis in plants has revealed that more than a dozen different RCS, e.g., acrolein, 4-hydroxy-(E)-2-nonenal and malondialdehyde, are produced from various membranes, and some of them increase and modify proteins in response to oxidative stimuli. At early stages of response, specific subsets of proteins are selectively modified with RCS. The involvement of RCS in ROS signaling can be judged on three criteria: (1) A stimulus to increase the ROS level in plants leads to the enhancement of RCS levels. (2) Suppression of the increase of RCS by scavenging enzymes or chemicals diminishes the ROS-induced response. (3) Addition of RCS to plants evokes responses similar to those induced by ROS. On these criteria, the RCS action as damaging/signaling agents has been demonstrated for root injury, programmed cell death, senescence of siliques, stomata response to abscisic acid, and root response to auxin. RCS thus act as damage/signal mediators downstream of ROS in a variety of physiological situations. A current picture and perspectives of RCS research are presented in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun'ichi Mano
- Science Research Center, Organization of Research Initiatives, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan.
- Graduate School of Science and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan.
| | - Md Sanaullah Biswas
- Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.
| | - Koichi Sugimoto
- Science Research Center, Organization of Research Initiatives, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan.
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41
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Shull TE, Kurepa J, Smalle JA. Anatase TiO 2 Nanoparticles Induce Autophagy and Chloroplast Degradation in Thale Cress ( Arabidopsis thaliana). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9522-9532. [PMID: 31356742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of TiO2 nanoparticles and their subsequent release into the environment have posed an important question about the effects of this nanomaterial on ecosystems. Here, we analyzed the link between the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species generated by TiO2 nanoparticles and autophagy, a housekeeping mechanism that removes damaged cellular constituents. We show that TiO2 nanoparticles induce autophagy in the plant model system Arabidopsis thaliana and that autophagy is an important mechanism for managing TiO2 nanoparticle-induced oxidative stress. Additionally, we find that TiO2 nanoparticles induce oxidative stress predominantly in chloroplasts and that this chloroplastic stress is mitigated by autophagy. Collectively, our results suggest that photosynthetic organisms are particularly susceptible to TiO2 nanoparticle toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E Shull
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40546 United States
| | - Jasmina Kurepa
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40546 United States
| | - Jan A Smalle
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences , University of Kentucky , Lexington , Kentucky 40546 United States
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42
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Aristizábal D, Rivas V, Cassab GI, Lledías F. Heat stress reveals high molecular mass proteasomes in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cells cultures. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 140:78-87. [PMID: 31085449 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Because of their sessile nature, plants have evolved complex and robust mechanisms to respond to adverse environments. Stress conditions trigger an increase in protein turnover and degradation. Proteasomes are essential to the cell for removing, in a highly regulated manner, partially denatured or oxidized proteins thus minimizing their cytotoxicity. We observed that suspension cells of Arabidopsis thaliana treated with high temperature (37 °C) directed the assembly of high molecular mass proteasomes. The removal of a 75% of the original ubiquitin conjugates and the maintenance of protein carbonyls at basal levels correlated with a specific proteasome profiles. The profiles obtained by the separation of different proteasomes populations by Blue-Native Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and western blot analysis suggest that synthesis, assembly, and heavy ubiquitination of 20S (CP) subunits are promoted by heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Aristizábal
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Mor, 62250, Mexico
| | - Viridiana Rivas
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Mor, 62250, Mexico
| | - Gladys I Cassab
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Mor, 62250, Mexico
| | - Fernando Lledías
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Mor, 62250, Mexico.
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The Contribution of the 20S Proteasome to Proteostasis. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9050190. [PMID: 31100951 PMCID: PMC6571867 DOI: 10.3390/biom9050190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has seen accumulating evidence of various proteins being degraded by the core 20S proteasome, without its regulatory particle(s). Here, we will describe recent advances in our knowledge of the functional aspects of the 20S proteasome, exploring several different systems and processes. These include neuronal communication, post-translational processing, oxidative stress, intrinsically disordered protein regulation, and extracellular proteasomes. Taken together, these findings suggest that the 20S proteasome, like the well-studied 26S proteasome, is involved in multiple biological processes. Clarifying our understanding of its workings calls for a transformation in our perception of 20S proteasome-mediated degradation—no longer as a passive and marginal path, but rather as an independent, coordinated biological process. Nevertheless, in spite of impressive progress made thus far, the field still lags far behind the front lines of 26S proteasome research. Therefore, we also touch on the gaps in our knowledge of the 20S proteasome that remain to be bridged in the future.
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Comparative Proteomic Analysis Unveils Critical Pathways Underlying the Role of Nitrogen Fertilizer Treatment in American Elderberry. Proteomes 2019; 7:proteomes7010010. [PMID: 30897755 PMCID: PMC6473435 DOI: 10.3390/proteomes7010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
American elderberry (Sambucus nigra subsp. canadensis) is a rapidly growing specialty crop in Missouri and eastern North America. Nitrogen (N) is a major nutrient involved in plant growth and development. However, proteome changes for different genotypes of elder in response to varying levels of N-treatment remain undefined. To reveal plant responses to N, comparative proteomic analyses were performed to determine consistent changes in three genotypes of elderberry leaves (Adams II, Bob Gordon and Wyldewood) grown under different N-fertilizer treatments. 165 proteins separated by two dimensional gel electrophoresis showed significant differences in abundance (p < 0.05 and greater than 2-fold). Principal component analysis of the abundance profiles of these proteins revealed Bob Gordon as a distinct genotype. The 165 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry and showed similar functional distributions in these genotypes underlying the N-treatment. Among the proteins identified, 23 are mainly involved in photosynthesis, protein metabolism and redox homeostasis. Their abundance profiles were not altered upon exposure to N or genotype. These results provide novel insights into plant responses to fertilizer treatment at the proteome level and could lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms of elderberry growth.
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Global Ubiquitome Profiling Revealed the Roles of Ubiquitinated Proteins in Metabolic Pathways of Tea Leaves in Responding to Drought Stress. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4286. [PMID: 30862833 PMCID: PMC6414630 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41041-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress often affects the expression of genes and proteins in tea plants. However, the global profiling of ubiquitinated (Kub) proteins in tea plants remains unearthed. Here, we performed the ubiquitome in tea leaves under drought stress using antibody-based affinity enrichment coupled with LC-MS/MS analysis. In total, 1,409 lysine Kub sites in 781 proteins were identified, of which 14 sites in 12 proteins were up-regulated and 123 sites in 91 proteins down-regulated under drought stress. The identified Kub proteins were mainly located in the cytosol (31%), chloroplast (27%) and nuclear (19%). Moreover, 5 conserved motifs in EKub, EXXXKub, KubD, KubE and KubA were extracted. Several Kub sites in ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis-related proteins, including RGLG2, UBC36, UEV1D, RPN10 and PSMC2, might affect protein degradation and DNA repair. Plenty of Kub proteins related to catechins biosynthesis, including PAL, CHS, CHI and F3H, were positively correlated with each other due to their co-expression and co-localization. Furthermore, some Kub proteins involved in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, including FBPase, FBA and GAD1, might promote sucrose, fructose and GABA accumulation in tea leaves under drought stress. Our study preliminarily revealed the global profiling of Kub proteins in metabolic pathways and provided an important resource for further study on the functions of Kub proteins in tea plants.
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Kurepa J, Smalle JA. Oxidative stress-induced formation of covalently linked ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit dimer in tobacco plants. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:112. [PMID: 30819220 PMCID: PMC6396445 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many abiotic stresses cause the excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species known as oxidative stress. While analyzing the effects of oxidative stress on tobacco, we noticed the increased accumulation of a specific protein in extracts from plants treated with the oxidative-stress inducing herbicide paraquat which promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species primarily in chloroplasts. The primary objectives of this study were to identify this protein and to determine if its accumulation is indeed a result of oxidative stress. RESULTS Here we show that the paraquat-induced protein is a covalently linked dimer of the large subunit of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (LSU). Increased accumulation of this LSU dimer was also observed in tobacco plants exposed to ultra-small anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nTiO2), which because of their surface reactivity cause oxidative stress by promoting the generation of superoxide anion. nTiO2 nanoparticle treatments also caused a decline in the chloroplast thylakoid proteins cytochrome f and chlorophyll a/b binding protein, thus confirming that covalent LSU dimer formation coincides with loss of chloroplast function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Kurepa
- Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Program, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 USA
| | - Jan A. Smalle
- Plant Physiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Program, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546 USA
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47
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Filippi A, Zancani M, Petrussa E, Braidot E. Caspase-3-like activity and proteasome degradation in grapevine suspension cell cultures undergoing silver-induced programmed cell death. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 233:42-51. [PMID: 30580058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metal contamination is one of the major environmental concerns of the recent decade, due to the large application of metals in industrial, healthcare and commercial products, even in the form of nanostructures and nanomaterials. Nevertheless, the effects of silver (Ag+) on plants have not yet thoroughly elucidated. Therefore, suspension cell cultures of grapevine were used as a model for investigating silver toxicity. To do this, oxidative stress and programmed cell death (PCD), evaluated as reactive oxygen species production, caspase-3-like activity and ubiquitin-proteasome system, were investigated. As a result, the highest concentration (10 μM) of Ag+ caused a rapid (within 24 h) induction of PCD (approx. 80%), accompanied by generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of caspase-3-like activity. In the presence of specific inhibitor of this enzyme, a partial recovery of cell viability and a strong inhibition of caspase-3-like activity was observed. In addition, silver-induced PCD was accompanied either by increase of poly-ubiquitin conjugated proteins and degradation of subunit PBA1 of the proteasome 20S core, similarly to what found for metal-induced neurotoxicity in animals. The present study shows that silver could induce PCD in grapevine suspension cell cultures, mediated by caspase-3-like activity and oxidative stress. These effects were associated to accumulation of poly-ubiquitin conjugated proteins, suggesting the impairment of ubiquitin-proteasome complex, confirmed by the decrease of the PBA1 subunit. These findings indicate that animal and plant cells could share a common pathway in response to toxic metal, which involves PCD and disassembling of proteasome complex.
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48
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Xue C, Liu S, Chen C, Zhu J, Yang X, Zhou Y, Guo R, Liu X, Gong Z. Global Proteome Analysis Links Lysine Acetylation to Diverse Functions in Oryza Sativa. Proteomics 2019; 18. [PMID: 29106068 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Lysine acetylation (Kac) is an important protein post-translational modification in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Herein, we report the results of a global proteome analysis of Kac and its diverse functions in rice (Oryza sativa). We identified 1353 Kac sites in 866 proteins in rice seedlings. A total of 11 Kac motifs are conserved, and 45% of the identified proteins are localized to the chloroplast. Among all acetylated proteins, 38 Kac sites are combined in core histones. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that Kac occurs on a diverse range of proteins involved in a wide variety of biological processes, especially photosynthesis. Protein-protein interaction networks of the identified proteins provided further evidence that Kac contributes to a wide range of regulatory functions. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the acetylation level of histone H3 (lysine 27 and 36) is increased in response to cold stress. In summary, our approach comprehensively profiles the regulatory roles of Kac in the growth and development of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Jingjie PTM BioLab (Hangzhou) Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xibin Yang
- Jingjie PTM BioLab (Hangzhou) Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyun Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P. R. China
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Kolbert Z, Molnár Á, Feigl G, Van Hoewyk D. Plant selenium toxicity: Proteome in the crosshairs. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 232:291-300. [PMID: 30544054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The metalloid element, selenium (Se) is in many ways special and perhaps because of this its research in human and plant systems is of great interest. Despite its non-essentiality, higher plants take it up and metabolize it via sulfur pathways, but higher amounts of Se cause toxic symptoms in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms of selenium phytotoxicity have been only partly revealed; the data obtained so far point out that Se toxicity targets the plant proteome. Besides seleno- and oxyproteins, nitroproteins are also formed due to Se stress. In order to minimize proteomic damages induced by Se, certain plants are able to redirect selenocysteine away from protein synthesis thus preventing Se-protein formation. Additionally, the damaged or malformed selenoproteins, oxyproteins and nitroproteins may be removed by proteasomes. Based on the literature this review sets Se toxicity mechanisms into a new concept and it draws attention to the importance of Se-induced protein-level changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Kolbert
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged Közép fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - Á Molnár
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged Közép fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - G Feigl
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, 6726 Szeged Közép fasor 52, Hungary.
| | - D Van Hoewyk
- Department of Biology, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC 29526, USA.
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50
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Sakamoto T, Tsujimoto-Inui Y, Sotta N, Hirakawa T, Matsunaga TM, Fukao Y, Matsunaga S, Fujiwara T. Proteasomal degradation of BRAHMA promotes Boron tolerance in Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5285. [PMID: 30538237 PMCID: PMC6290004 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07393-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
High levels of boron (B) induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in eukaryotes, including plants. Here we show a molecular pathway of high B-induced DSBs by characterizing Arabidopsis thaliana hypersensitive to excess boron mutants. Molecular analysis of the mutants revealed that degradation of a SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable subunit, BRAHMA (BRM), by a 26S proteasome (26SP) with specific subunits is a key process for ameliorating high-B-induced DSBs. We also found that high-B treatment induces histone hyperacetylation, which increases susceptibility to DSBs. BRM binds to acetylated histone residues and opens chromatin. Accordingly, we propose that the 26SP limits chromatin opening by BRM in conjunction with histone hyperacetylation to maintain chromatin stability and avoid DSB formation under high-B conditions. Interestingly, a positive correlation between the extent of histone acetylation and DSB formation is evident in human cultured cells, suggesting that the mechanism of DSB induction is also valid in animals. Boron is essential for plant survival but high levels can impair growth and cause DNA damage. Here the authors show that Arabidopsis can ameliorate Boron toxicity via proteasomal degradation of BRAHMA to minimize open chromatin and reduce the likelihood of DNA double strand breaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Sakamoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yayoi Tsujimoto-Inui
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.,Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Sotta
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hirakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tomoko M Matsunaga
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Fukao
- Plant Global Education Project, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0101, Japan.,Department of Bioinformatics, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1, Nodihigashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Sachihiro Matsunaga
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba, 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Toru Fujiwara
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
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