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Mori K, Murakoshi Y, Tamura M, Kunitake S, Nishimura K, Ariga H, Tanaka K, Iuchi S, Yotsui I, Sakata Y, Taji T. Mutations in nuclear pore complex promote osmotolerance in Arabidopsis by suppressing the nuclear translocation of ACQOS and its osmotically induced immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1304366. [PMID: 38318497 PMCID: PMC10839096 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1304366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
We have previously reported a wide variation in salt tolerance among Arabidopsis thaliana accessions and identified ACQOS, encoding a nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein, as the causal gene responsible for the disturbance of acquired osmotolerance induced after mild salt stress. ACQOS is conserved among Arabidopsis osmosensitive accessions, including Col-0. In response to osmotic stress, it induces detrimental autoimmunity, resulting in suppression of osmotolerance, but how ACQOS triggers autoimmunity remains unclear. Here, we screened acquired osmotolerance (aot) mutants from EMS-mutagenized Col-0 seeds and isolated the aot19 mutant. In comparison with the wild type (WT), this mutant had acquired osmotolerance and decreased expression levels of pathogenesis-related genes. It had a mutation in a splicing acceptor site in NUCLEOPORIN 85 (NUP85), which encodes a component of the nuclear pore complex. A mutant with a T-DNA insertion in NUP85 acquired osmotolerance similar to aot19. The WT gene complemented the osmotolerant phenotype of aot19. We evaluated the acquired osmotolerance of five nup mutants of outer-ring NUPs and found that nup96, nup107, and aot19/nup85, but not nup43 or nup133, showed acquired osmotolerance. We examined the subcellular localization of the GFP-ACQOS protein and found that its nuclear translocation in response to osmotic stress was suppressed in aot19. We suggest that NUP85 is essential for the nuclear translocation of ACQOS, and the loss-of-function mutation of NUP85 results in acquired osmotolerance by suppressing ACQOS-induced autoimmunity in response to osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kento Mori
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murakoshi
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Tamura
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Kunitake
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishimura
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shimane University, Matsue, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ariga
- Department of Plant Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Science, NARO, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tanaka
- Nodai Genome Center, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iuchi
- RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Izumi Yotsui
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sakata
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruaki Taji
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan
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Xie B, Luo M, Li Q, Shao J, Chen D, Somers DE, Tang D, Shi H. NUA positively regulates plant immunity by coordination with ESD4 to deSUMOylate TPR1 in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:363-377. [PMID: 37786257 PMCID: PMC10843230 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complex (NPC) is composed of multiple nucleoporins (Nups). A plethora of studies have highlighted the significance of NPC in plant immunity. However, the specific roles of individual Nups are poorly understood. NUCLEAR PORE ANCHOR (NUA) is a component of NPC. Loss of NUA leads to an increase in SUMO conjugates and pleiotropic developmental defects in Arabidopsis thaliana. Herein, we revealed that NUA is required for plant defense against multiple pathogens. NUCLEAR PORE ANCHOR associates with the transcriptional corepressor TOPLESS-RELATED1 (TPR1) and contributes to TPR1 deSUMOylation. Significantly, NUA-interacting protein EARLY IN SHORT DAYS 4 (ESD4), a SUMO protease, specifically deSUMOylates TPR1. It has been previously established that the SUMO E3 ligase SAP AND MIZ1 DOMAIN-CONTAINING LIGASE 1 (SIZ1)-mediated SUMOylation of TPR1 represses the immune-related function of TPR1. Consistent with this notion, the hyper-SUMOylated TPR1 in nua-3 leads to upregulated expression of TPR1 target genes and compromised TPR1-mediated disease resistance. Taken together, our work uncovers a mechanism by which NUA positively regulates plant defense responses by coordination with ESD4 to deSUMOylate TPR1. Our findings, together with previous studies, reveal a regulatory module in which SIZ1 and NUA/ESD4 control the homeostasis of TPR1 SUMOylation to maintain proper immune output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Mingyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiuyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jing Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Desheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - David E Somers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
| | - Dingzhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hua Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Control of Fujian-Taiwan Crop Pests, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Plant Immunity Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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3
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Yang X, Ji C, Liu X, Wei Z, Pang Q, Zhang A. Arabidopsis nucleoporin NUP96 mediates plant salt tolerance by modulating the transcription of salt-responsive genes. PLANTA 2023; 259:34. [PMID: 38160450 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Physiological and molecular tests show that NUP96 plays an important role in the plant response to salt stress, resulting from the reprogramming of transcriptomic profiles, which are likely to be mediated by the influence on the nuclear/cytosol shuttling of the key regulators of salt tolerance. As a key component of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), nucleoporin 96 (NUP96) is critical for modulating plant development and interactions with environmental factors, but whether NUP96 is involved in the salt response is still unknown. Here, we analyzed the role of Arabidopsis NUP96 under salt stress. The loss-of-function mutant nup96 exhibited salt sensitivity in terms of rosette growth and root elongation, and showed attenuated capacity in maintaining ion and ROS homeostasis, which could be compensated for by the overexpression of NUP96. RNA sequencing revealed that many salt-responsive genes were misregulated after NUP96 mutation, and especially NUP96 is required for the expression of a large portion of salt-induced genes. This is likely correlated with the activity in facilitating nuclear/cytosol transport of the underlying regulators in salt tolerance such as the transcription factor ATAP2, targeted by eight downregulated genes in nup96 under salt stress. Our results illustrate that NUP96 plays an important role in the salt response, probably by regulating the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of key mRNAs or proteins associated with plant salt responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chengcheng Ji
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Zhaoxin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Qiuying Pang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Aiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Fernández-Jiménez N, Martinez-Garcia M, Varas J, Gil-Dones F, Santos JL, Pradillo M. The scaffold nucleoporins SAR1 and SAR3 are essential for proper meiotic progression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1285695. [PMID: 38111849 PMCID: PMC10725928 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1285695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear Pore Complexes (NPCs) are embedded in the nuclear envelope (NE), regulating macromolecule transport and physically interacting with chromatin. The NE undergoes dramatic breakdown and reformation during plant cell division. In addition, this structure has a specific meiotic function, anchoring and positioning telomeres to facilitate the pairing of homologous chromosomes. To elucidate a possible function of the structural components of the NPCs in meiosis, we have characterized several Arabidopsis lines with mutations in genes encoding nucleoporins belonging to the outer ring complex. Plants defective for either SUPPRESSOR OF AUXIN RESISTANCE1 (SAR1, also called NUP160) or SAR3 (NUP96) present condensation abnormalities and SPO11-dependent chromosome fragmentation in a fraction of meiocytes, which is increased in the double mutant sar1 sar3. We also observed these meiotic defects in mutants deficient in the outer ring complex protein HOS1, but not in mutants affected in other components of this complex. Furthermore, our findings may suggest defects in the structure of NPCs in sar1 and a potential link between the meiotic role of this nucleoporin and a component of the RUBylation pathway. These results provide the first insights in plants into the role of nucleoporins in meiotic chromosome behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Fernández-Jiménez
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Martinez-Garcia
- Department of Biotechnology-Plant Biology, School of Agricultural, Food and Biosystems Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Félix Gil-Dones
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Luis Santos
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Pradillo
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Gu S, Zhang Z, Li J, Sun J, Cui Z, Li F, Zhuang J, Chen W, Su C, Wu L, Wang X, Guo Z, Xu H, Zhao M, Ma D, Chen W. Natural variation in OsSEC13 HOMOLOG 1 modulates redox homeostasis to confer cold tolerance in rice. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2180-2196. [PMID: 37471276 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a cold-sensitive species that often faces cold stress, which adversely affects yield productivity and quality. However, the genetic basis for low-temperature adaptation in rice remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that 2 functional polymorphisms in O. sativa SEC13 Homolog 1 (OsSEH1), encoding a WD40-repeat nucleoporin, between the 2 subspecies O. sativa japonica and O. sativa indica rice, may have facilitated cold adaptation in japonica rice. We show that OsSEH1 of the japonica variety expressed in OsSEH1MSD plants (transgenic line overexpressing the OsSEH1 allele from Mangshuidao [MSD], cold-tolerant landrace) has a higher affinity for O. sativa metallothionein 2b (OsMT2b) than that of OsSEH1 of indica. This high affinity of OsSEH1MSD for OsMT2b results in inhibition of OsMT2b degradation, with decreased accumulation of reactive oxygen species and increased cold tolerance. Transcriptome analysis indicates that OsSEH1 positively regulates the expression of the genes encoding dehydration-responsive element-binding transcription factors, i.e. OsDREB1 genes, and induces the expression of multiple cold-regulated genes to enhance cold tolerance. Our findings highlight a breeding resource for improving cold tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Gu
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jinquan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Strube Research GmbH & Co. KG, Söllingen 38387, Germany
| | - Jian Sun
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhibo Cui
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Fengcheng Li
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Jia Zhuang
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wanchun Chen
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Chang Su
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Lian Wu
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaoliang Wang
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhifu Guo
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Hai Xu
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | | | - Wenfu Chen
- Rice Research Institute/Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetic Improvement and High Quality and Efficiency Production of Northeast Japonica Rice in China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
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Chen G, Xu D, Liu Q, Yue Z, Dai B, Pan S, Chen Y, Feng X, Hu H. Regulation of FLC nuclear import by coordinated action of the NUP62-subcomplex and importin β SAD2. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:2086-2106. [PMID: 37278318 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Flowering locus C (FLC) is a central transcriptional repressor that controls flowering time. However, how FLC is imported into the nucleus is unknown. Here, we report that Arabidopsis nucleoporins 62 (NUP62), NUP58, and NUP54 composed NUP62-subcomplex modulates FLC nuclear import during floral transition in an importin α-independent manner, via direct interaction. NUP62 recruits FLC to the cytoplasmic filaments and imports it into the nucleus through the NUP62-subcomplex composed central channel. Importin β supersensitive to ABA and drought 2 (SAD2), a carrier protein, is critical for FLC nuclear import and flower transition, which facilitates FLC import into the nucleus mainly through the NUP62-subcomplex. Proteomics, RNA-seq, and cell biological analyses indicate that the NUP62-subcomplex mainly mediates the nuclear import of cargos with unconventional nuclear localization sequences (NLSs), such as FLC. Our findings illustrate the mechanisms of the NUP62-subcomplex and SAD2 on FLC nuclear import process and floral transition, and provide insights into the role of NUP62-subcomplex and SAD2 in protein nucleocytoplasmic transport in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Danyun Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhichuang Yue
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Biao Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shujuan Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yongqiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xinhua Feng
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Honghong Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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7
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Collins PP, Broad RC, Yogeeswaran K, Varsani A, Poole AM, Collings DA. Characterisation of the trans-membrane nucleoporins GP210 and NDC1 in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 332:111719. [PMID: 37116717 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear pore is structurally conserved across eukaryotes as are many of the pore's constituent proteins. The transmembrane nuclear pore proteins GP210 and NDC1 span the nuclear envelope holding the nuclear pore in place. Orthologues of GP210 and NDC1 in Arabidopsis were investigated through characterisation of T-DNA insertional mutants. While the T-DNA insert into GP210 reduced expression of the gene, the insert in the NDC1 gene resulted in increased expression in both the ndc1 mutant as well as the ndc1/gp210 double mutant. The ndc1 and gp210 individual mutants showed little phenotypic difference from wild-type plants, but the ndc1/gp210 mutant showed a range of phenotypic effects. As with many plant nuclear pore protein mutants, these effects included non-nuclear phenotypes such as reduced pollen viability, reduced growth and glabrous leaves in mature plants. Importantly, however, ndc1/gp210 exhibited nuclear-specific effects including modifications to nuclear shape in different cell types. We also observed functional changes to nuclear transport in ndc1/gp210 plants, with low levels of cytoplasmic fluorescence observed in cells expressing nuclear-targeted GFP. The lack of phenotypes in individual insertional lines, and the relatively mild phenotype suggests that additional transmembrane nucleoporins, such as the recently-discovered CPR5, likely compensate for their loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick P Collins
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Ronan C Broad
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Krithika Yogeeswaran
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand
| | - Arvind Varsani
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; The Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Anthony M Poole
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - David A Collings
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
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8
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Song M, Linghu B, Huang S, Hu S, An R, Wei S, Mu J, Zhang Y. Identification of nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) and revealed outer-ring component BnHOS1 related to cold tolerance in B. napus. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1450-1461. [PMID: 36402381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) consist of ~30 different nucleoporins (Nups), are the unique channels that govern development, hormonal response, and roles in both biotic and abiotic responses, as well as the transport and information exchange of biomacromolecules between nucleoplasms. Here, we report the comprehensive identification of 77 BnNups throughout the zhongshuang11 (ZS11) genome, which were classified into 29 distinct categories based on their evolutionary connections. We compared and contrasted different BnNups by analyzing at their gene structures, protein domains, putative three-dimensional (3D) models and expression patterns. Additional examples of genome-wide duplication events and cross-species synteny are provided to demonstrate the proliferation and evolutionary conservation of BnNups. When BnHOS1 was modified using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, the resulting L10 and L28 lines exhibited substantial freezing resistance. This not only demonstrated the negative regulatory impact of BnHOS1 on cold stress, but also offered a promising candidate gene for cold tolerance breeding and augmented the available B. napus material. These findings not only help us learn more about the composition and function of BnNPCs in B. napus, but they also provide light on how NPCs in other eukaryotic organism functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Song
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Linghu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuhua Huang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shengwu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ran An
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shihao Wei
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianxin Mu
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Rahmanzadeh A, Khahani B, Taghavi SM, Khojasteh M, Osdaghi E. Genome-wide meta-QTL analyses provide novel insight into disease resistance repertoires in common bean. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:680. [PMID: 36192697 PMCID: PMC9531352 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08914-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) is considered a staple food in a number of developing countries. Several diseases attack the crop leading to substantial economic losses around the globe. However, the crop has rarely been investigated for multiple disease resistance traits using Meta-analysis approach. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS In this study, in order to identify the most reliable and stable quantitative trait loci (QTL) conveying disease resistance in common bean, we carried out a meta-QTL (MQTL) analysis using 152 QTLs belonging to 44 populations reported in 33 publications within the past 20 years. These QTLs were decreased into nine MQTLs and the average of confidence interval (CI) was reduced by 2.64 folds with an average of 5.12 cM in MQTLs. Uneven distribution of MQTLs across common bean genome was noted where sub-telomeric regions carry most of the corresponding genes and MQTLs. One MQTL was identified to be specifically associated with resistance to halo blight disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas savastanoi pv. phaseolicola, while three and one MQTLs were specifically associated with resistance to white mold and anthracnose caused by the fungal pathogens Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, respectively. Furthermore, two MQTLs were detected governing resistance to halo blight and anthracnose, while two MQTLs were detected for resistance against anthracnose and white mold, suggesting putative genes governing resistance against these diseases at a shared locus. Comparative genomics and synteny analyses provide a valuable strategy to identify a number of well‑known functionally described genes as well as numerous putative novels candidate genes in common bean, Arabidopsis and soybean genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Rahmanzadeh
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran
| | - Bahman Khahani
- Department of Plant Genetics and Production, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S Mohsen Taghavi
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran
| | - Moein Khojasteh
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran.
| | - Ebrahim Osdaghi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
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10
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Lüdke D, Yan Q, Rohmann PFW, Wiermer M. NLR we there yet? Nucleocytoplasmic coordination of NLR-mediated immunity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:24-42. [PMID: 35794845 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) perceive the activity of pathogen-secreted effector molecules that, when undetected, promote colonisation of hosts. Signalling from activated NLRs converges with and potentiates downstream responses from activated pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that sense microbial signatures at the cell surface. Efficient signalling of both receptor branches relies on the host cell nucleus as an integration point for transcriptional reprogramming, and on the macromolecular transport processes that mediate the communication between cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Studies on nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), the nucleoporin proteins (NUPs) that compose NPCs, and nuclear transport machinery constituents that control nucleocytoplasmic transport, have revealed that they play important roles in regulating plant immune responses. Here, we discuss the contributions of nucleoporins and nuclear transport receptor (NTR)-mediated signal transduction in plant immunity with an emphasis on NLR immune signalling across the nuclear compartment boundary and within the nucleus. We also highlight and discuss cytoplasmic and nuclear functions of NLRs and their signalling partners and further consider the potential implications of NLR activation and resistosome formation in both cellular compartments for mediating plant pathogen resistance and programmed host cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lüdke
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Qiqi Yan
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Philipp F W Rohmann
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Wiermer
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
- Biochemistry of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 12-16, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Zhang C, An N, Jia P, Zhang W, Liang J, Zhou H, Zhang D, Ma J, Zhao C, Han M, Ren X, Xing L. MdNup62 interactions with MdHSFs involved in flowering and heat-stress tolerance in apple. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:317. [PMID: 35786201 PMCID: PMC9251929 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of global warming, the apple flowering period is occurring significantly earlier, increasing the probability and degree of freezing injury. Moreover, extreme hot weather has also seriously affected the development of apple industry. Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are main channels controlling nucleocytoplasmic transport, but their roles in regulating plant development and stress responses are still unknown. Here, we analysed the components of the apple NPC and found that MdNup62 interacts with MdNup54, forming the central NPC channel. MdNup62 was localized to the nuclear pore, and its expression was significantly up-regulated in 'Nagafu No. 2' tissue-cultured seedlings subjected to heat treatments. To determine MdNup62's function, we obtained MdNup62-overexpressed (OE) Arabidopsis and tomato lines that showed significantly reduced high-temperature resistance. Additionally, OE-MdNup62 Arabidopsis lines showed significantly earlier flowering compared with wild-type. Furthermore, we identified 62 putative MdNup62-interacting proteins and confirmed MdNup62 interactions with multiple MdHSFs. The OE-MdHSFA1d and OE-MdHSFA9b Arabidopsis lines also showed significantly earlier flowering phenotypes than wild-type, but had enhanced high-temperature resistance levels. Thus, MdNUP62 interacts with multiple MdHSFs during nucleocytoplasmic transport to regulate flowering and heat resistance in apple. The data provide a new theoretical reference for managing the impact of global warming on the apple industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na An
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Jia
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiayan Liang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juanjuan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Caiping Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingyu Han
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaolin Ren
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Libo Xing
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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12
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Liu Z, Abou-Elwafa SF, Xie J, Liu Y, Li S, Aljabri M, Zhang D, Gao F, Zhang L, Wang Z, Sun C, Zhu B, Bao M, Hu X, Chen Y, Ku L, Ren Z, Wei L. A Nucleoporin NUP58 modulates responses to drought and salt stress in maize (Zea mays L.). PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 320:111296. [PMID: 35643613 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complex (NUP) is the main transport channel between cytoplasm and nucleoplasm, which plays an important role in stress response. The function of NUPs was widely reported in yeast and vertebrate but rarely in plants. Here, we identified a nuclear pore complex (ZmNUP58), that is tightly associated with drought and salt tolerance phenotype accompanied with phenotypic and physiological changes under drought and salt stress. The overexpression of ZmNUP58 in maize (Zea mays L.) significantly promotes both chlorophyll content and activities of antioxidant enzymes under drought- and salt-stressed conditions. RNA-Seq analysis showed that ZmNUP58 could regulate the expression of genes related to phytohormone synthesis and signaling, osmotic adjustment substances, antioxidant enzyme system, cell wall biosynthesis, glucose metabolism and aquaporin. The results provide novel insights into the regulatory role of ZmNUP58 in improving drought and salt tolerance through regulating phytohormone and other stress response genes in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixue Liu
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | | | - Jiarong Xie
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Yajing Liu
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Siyuan Li
- Corn Breeding and Research, China Seeds International Seeds Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Maha Aljabri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dongling Zhang
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Fengran Gao
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Chongyu Sun
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Bingqi Zhu
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Miaomiao Bao
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Xiaomeng Hu
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Yanhui Chen
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Lixia Ku
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Zhenzhen Ren
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
| | - Li Wei
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops and National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China.
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13
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Wu X, Han J, Guo C. Function of Nuclear Pore Complexes in Regulation of Plant Defense Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063031. [PMID: 35328452 PMCID: PMC8953349 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotes, the nucleus is the regulatory center of cytogenetics and metabolism, and it is critical for fundamental biological processes, including DNA replication and transcription, protein synthesis, and biological macromolecule transportation. The eukaryotic nucleus is surrounded by a lipid bilayer called the nuclear envelope (NE), which creates a microenvironment for sophisticated cellular processes. The NE is perforated by the nuclear pore complex (NPC), which is the channel for biological macromolecule bi-directional transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. It is well known that NPC is the spatial designer of the genome and the manager of genomic function. Moreover, the NPC is considered to be a platform for the continual adaptation and evolution of eukaryotes. So far, a number of nucleoporins required for plant-defense processes have been identified. Here, we first provide an overview of NPC organization in plants, and then discuss recent findings in the plant NPC to elaborate on and dissect the distinct defensive functions of different NPC subcomponents in plant immune defense, growth and development, hormone signaling, and temperature response. Nucleoporins located in different components of NPC have their unique functions, and the link between the NPC and nucleocytoplasmic trafficking promotes crosstalk of different defense signals in plants. It is necessary to explore appropriate components of the NPC as potential targets for the breeding of high-quality and broad spectrum resistance crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wu
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Junyou Han
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (C.G.)
| | - Changkui Guo
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Correspondence: (J.H.); (C.G.)
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14
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Fang Y, Gu Y. Regulation of Plant Immunity by Nuclear Membrane-Associated Mechanisms. Front Immunol 2021; 12:771065. [PMID: 34938291 PMCID: PMC8685260 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.771065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Unlike animals, plants do not have specialized immune cells and lack an adaptive immune system. Instead, plant cells rely on their unique innate immune system to defend against pathogens and coordinate beneficial interactions with commensal and symbiotic microbes. One of the major convergent points for plant immune signaling is the nucleus, where transcriptome reprogramming is initiated to orchestrate defense responses. Mechanisms that regulate selective transport of nuclear signaling cargo and chromatin activity at the nuclear boundary play a pivotal role in immune activation. This review summarizes the current knowledge of how nuclear membrane-associated core protein and protein complexes, including the nuclear pore complex, nuclear transport receptors, and the nucleoskeleton participate in plant innate immune activation and pathogen resistance. We also discuss the role of their functional counterparts in regulating innate immunity in animals and highlight potential common mechanisms that contribute to nuclear membrane-centered immune regulation in higher eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Fang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Yangnan Gu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States.,Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
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15
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Best NB, Addo-Quaye C, Kim BS, Weil CF, Schulz B, Johal G, Dilkes BP. Mutation of the nuclear pore complex component, aladin1, disrupts asymmetric cell division in Zea mays (maize). G3 GENES|GENOMES|GENETICS 2021; 11:6300521. [PMID: 36351283 PMCID: PMC8495933 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) regulates the movement of macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Dysfunction of many components of the NPC results in human genetic diseases, including triple A syndrome (AAAS) as a result of mutations in ALADIN. Here, we report a nonsense mutation in the maize ortholog, aladin1 (ali1-1), at the orthologous amino acid residue of an AAAS allele from humans, alters plant stature, tassel architecture, and asymmetric divisions of subsidiary mother cells (SMCs). Crosses with the stronger nonsense allele ali1-2 identified complex allele interactions for plant height and aberrant SMC division. RNA-seq analysis of the ali1-1 mutant identified compensatory transcript accumulation for other NPC components as well as gene expression consequences consistent with conservation of ALADIN1 functions between humans and maize. These findings demonstrate that ALADIN1 is necessary for normal plant development, shoot architecture, and asymmetric cell division in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman B Best
- Plant Genetics Research Unit, USDA, Agriculture Research Service, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Department of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Charles Addo-Quaye
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Natural Sciences and Mathematics Division, Lewis-Clark State College, Lewiston, ID 83501, USA
| | - Bong-Suk Kim
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Clifford F Weil
- Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Burkhard Schulz
- Department of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Guri Johal
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Brian P Dilkes
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Center for Plant Biology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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16
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Xu F, Jia M, Li X, Tang Y, Jiang K, Bao J, Gu Y. Exportin-4 coordinates nuclear shuttling of TOPLESS family transcription corepressors to regulate plant immunity. THE PLANT CELL 2021; 33:697-713. [PMID: 33955481 PMCID: PMC8136914 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The regulated nucleocytoplasmic exchange of macromolecules is essential for the eukaryotic cell. However, nuclear transport pathways defined by different nuclear transport receptors (NTRs), including importins and exportins, and their significance in activating distinct stress responses are poorly understood in plants. Here, we exploited a CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic screen to search for modifiers of CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION OF PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENE 5 (cpr5), an Arabidopsis thaliana nucleoporin mutant that activates autoimmune responses that partially mimic effector-triggered immunity (ETI). We identified an NTR gene, Exportin-4 (XPO4), as a genetic interactor of CPR5. The xpo4 cpr5 double mutant activates catastrophic immune responses, which leads to seedling lethality. By leveraging the newly developed proximity-labeling proteomics, we profiled XPO4 substrates and identified TOPLESS (TPL) and TPL-related (TPR) transcription corepressors as XPO4-specific cargo. TPL/TPRs target negative regulators of immunity and are redundantly required for ETI induction. We found that loss-of-XPO4 promotes the nuclear accumulation of TPL/TPRs in the presence of elevated salicylic acid (SA), which contributes to the SA-mediated defense amplification and potentiates immune induction in the cpr5 mutant. We showed that TPL and TPRs are required for the enhanced immune activation observed in xpo4 cpr5 but not for the cpr5 single-mutant phenotype, underscoring the functional interplay between XPO4 and TPL/TPRs and its importance in cpr5-dependent immune induction. We propose that XPO4 coordinates the nuclear accumulation of TPL/TPRs, which plays a role in regulating SA-mediated defense feedback to modulate immune strength downstream of CPR5 during ETI induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xu
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Jia
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Keni Jiang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Jinsong Bao
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory for Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province and Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yangnan Gu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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17
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Allen JR, Strader LC. Nucleocytoplasmic partitioning as a mechanism to regulate Arabidopsis signaling events. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2021; 69:136-141. [PMID: 33618244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The nucleus is the site of transcription events - compartmentalization of transcription in eukaryotes allows for regulated access to chromatin. The nucleopore, a complex of many intrinsically disorder proteins, acts as the gatekeeper for nuclear entry and exit, and receptors for nuclear localization signals and nuclear export signals interact with both cargo and nucleopore components to facilitate this movement. Thus, regulated occlusion of the nuclear localization signal or nuclear export signal, tethering of proteins, or sequestration in biomolecular condensates can be used to regulate nucleocytoplasmic partitioning. In plants, regulated nucleocytoplasmic partitioning is a key mechanism to regulate signaling pathways, including those involved in various phytohormones, environmental stimuli, and pathogen responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey R Allen
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA; Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA; Center for Science and Engineering Living Systems (CSELS), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
| | - Lucia C Strader
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA; Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA; Center for Science and Engineering Living Systems (CSELS), Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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18
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Lüdke D, Rohmann PFW, Wiermer M. Nucleocytoplasmic Communication in Healthy and Diseased Plant Tissues. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:719453. [PMID: 34394173 PMCID: PMC8357054 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.719453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The double membrane of the nuclear envelope (NE) constitutes a selective compartment barrier that separates nuclear from cytoplasmic processes. Plant viability and responses to a changing environment depend on the spatial communication between both compartments. This communication is based on the bidirectional exchange of proteins and RNAs and is regulated by a sophisticated transport machinery. Macromolecular traffic across the NE depends on nuclear transport receptors (NTRs) that mediate nuclear import (i.e. importins) or export (i.e. exportins), as well as on nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) that are composed of nucleoporin proteins (NUPs) and span the NE. In this review, we provide an overview of plant NPC- and NTR-directed cargo transport and we consider transport independent functions of NPCs and NE-associated proteins in regulating plant developmental processes and responses to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lüdke
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Philipp F. W. Rohmann
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Wiermer
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Marcel Wiermer,
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19
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Li X, Gu Y. Structural and functional insight into the nuclear pore complex and nuclear transport receptors in plant stress signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 58:60-68. [PMID: 33217650 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPC) are highly conserved mega protein complexes that penetrate the double-layered nuclear membrane and form channels to allow bi-directional transport of macromolecules between the nucleus and the cytosol. Non-passive nucleocytoplasmic transport also requires nuclear transport receptors (NTR), which bind cargo molecules and shuttle them across the NPC. The NPC and NTRs constitute two fundamental layers of regulatory mechanisms that together determine the selective nuclear translocation of signal molecules and play essential roles in activating the precise response of a cell to environmental stimuli. Here we discuss recent findings in the NPC made by advanced structural biology approaches, and dissect distinct functions of different NPC components and NTRs in plants' responses to various biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Yangnan Gu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA; Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
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20
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Zhang C, An N, Jia P, Zhang W, Liang J, Zhang X, Zhou H, Ma W, Han M, Xing L, Ren X. Genomic identification and expression analysis of nuclear pore proteins in Malus domestica. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17426. [PMID: 33060661 PMCID: PMC7566457 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex (NPC), comprised of individual nucleoporin (Nup) proteins, controls nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of RNA and protein, and is important for regulating plant growth and development. However, there are no reports on this complex in fruit tree species. In this study, we identified 38 apple Nups and named them based on the known Arabidopsis thaliana homologs. We also completed bioinformatics analyses of the intron and exon structural data for apple Nups. The proteins encoded by the apple Nups lacked a universally conserved domain. Moreover, a phylogenetic analysis separated the apple and A. thaliana Nups into three groups. The phylogenetic tree indicated that MdNup54 and MdNup62 are most closely related to genes in other Rosaceae species. To characterize the 38 candidate Malus domestica Nups, we measured their stage-specific expression levels. Our tests revealed these proteins were differentially expressed among diverse tissues. We analyzed the expression levels of seven apple Nups in response to an indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatment. The phytohormone treatment significantly inhibited apple flowering. A qRT-PCR analysis proved that an IAA treatment significantly inhibited the expression of these seven genes. A preliminary study regarding two members of the Nup62 subcomplex, MdNup54 and MdNup62, confirmed these two proteins can interact with each other. A yeast two-hybrid assay verified that MdNup54 can interact with MdKNAT4 and MdKNAT6. On the basis of the study results, we identified apple NPC and predicted its structure and function. The data generated in this investigation provide important reference material for follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenguang Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Na An
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Peng Jia
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jiayan Liang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wenchun Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingyu Han
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Libo Xing
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Xiaolin Ren
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
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21
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Tamura K. Nuclear pore complex-mediated gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2020; 133:449-455. [PMID: 32170459 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-020-01177-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are large multi-protein complexes that control bidirectional trafficking of macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. This trafficking is highly regulated and participates in a considerably broader range of cellular activities, including defense responses against pathogens in plants. Recently, NPC is emerging as a platform to physically associate the underlying chromatin with the nuclear periphery, thus regulating chromatin structure and gene expression. For instance, NPC components have been shown to promote the formation of specific genomics loops, which is linked to transcriptional memory for rapid reactivation of genes. With newly developed techniques and tools, our insight in this area has been substantially advanced. This review summarizes recent works on the molecular function of NPC machinery as hubs for transcriptional regulation and compares systems between plant and non-plant organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Tamura
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan.
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22
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Zhang A, Wang S, Kim J, Yan J, Yan X, Pang Q, Hua J. Nuclear pore complex components have temperature-influenced roles in plant growth and immunity. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2020; 43:1452-1466. [PMID: 32022936 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are main channels controlling nucleocytoplasmic transport and are composed of approximately 30 nucleoporins (NUPs). Emerging evidence suggests that some NUP genes have specialized functions that challenge the traditional view of NPCs as structures of uniform composition. Here, we analysed the role of six outer-ring components of NPC at normal and warm growth temperatures by examining their loss-of-function mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana. All six NUP subunits, NUP85, NUP96, NUP 133, NUP 160, SEH1 and HOS1, have a non-redundant temperature-influenced function in one or more of the processes, including rosette growth, leaf architecture and intracellular immune receptor-mediated disease resistance. At the molecular level, NUP85 and NUP133 are required for mRNA export only at warm temperature and play a larger role in the localization of transcription factor at warm temperature. In addition, NUP96 and HOS1 are essential for the expression of high temperature-responsive genes, which is correlated with their larger activity in facilitating nuclear accumulation of the transcription factor PIF4 at warm temperature. Our results show that subunits of NPC have differential roles at different temperatures, suggesting the existence of temperature-influenced NPC complexes and activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- School of Integrated Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Shuai Wang
- School of Integrated Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jitae Kim
- School of Integrated Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Jiapei Yan
- School of Integrated Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
| | - Xiufeng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiuying Pang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Hua
- School of Integrated Plant Science, Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York
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23
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de Leone MJ, Hernando CE, Romanowski A, Careno DA, Soverna AF, Sun H, Bologna NG, Vázquez M, Schneeberger K, Yanovsky MJ. Bacterial Infection Disrupts Clock Gene Expression to Attenuate Immune Responses. Curr Biol 2020; 30:1740-1747.e6. [PMID: 32220315 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The circadian clock modulates immune responses in plants and animals; however, it is unclear how host-pathogen interactions affect the clock. Here we analyzed clock function in Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with defective immune responses and found that enhanced disease susceptibility 4 (eds4) displays alterations in several circadian rhythms. Mapping by sequencing revealed that EDS4 encodes the ortholog of NUCLEOPORIN 205, a core component of the inner ring of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). Consistent with the idea that the NPC specifically modulates clock function, we found a strong enrichment in core clock genes, as well as an increased nuclear to total mRNA accumulation, among genes that were differentially expressed in eds4 mutants. Interestingly, infection with Pseudomonas syringae in wild-type (WT) plants downregulated the expression of several morning core clock genes as early as 1 h post-infection, including all members of the NIGHT LIGHT-INDUCIBLE AND CLOCK-REGULATED (LNK) gene family, and this effect was attenuated in eds4. Furthermore, lnk mutants were more susceptible than the WT to P. syringae infection. These results indicate that bacterial infection, acting in part through the NPC, alters core clock gene expression and/or mRNA accumulation in a way that favors bacterial growth and disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José de Leone
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1405BWE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Esteban Hernando
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1405BWE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrés Romanowski
- Institute for Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK
| | - Daniel A Careno
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1405BWE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana Faigón Soverna
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1405BWE Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hequan Sun
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany
| | - Nicolás G Bologna
- Center for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Martín Vázquez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología de Rosario (INDEAR), CONICET, S2000EZP Rosario, Argentina
| | - Korbinian Schneeberger
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne 50829, Germany
| | - Marcelo J Yanovsky
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), C1405BWE Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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24
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Li C, Liu L, Teo ZWN, Shen L, Yu H. Nucleoporin 160 Regulates Flowering through Anchoring HOS1 for Destabilizing CO in Arabidopsis. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2020; 1:100033. [PMID: 33367234 PMCID: PMC7748013 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2020.100033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), which comprise multiple copies of nucleoporins (Nups), are large protein assemblies embedded in the nuclear envelope connecting the nucleus and cytoplasm. Although it has been known that Nups affect flowering in Arabidopsis, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we show that loss of function of Nucleoporin 160 (Nup160) leads to increased abundance of CONSTANS (CO) protein and the resulting upregulation of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) specifically in the morning. We demonstrate that Nup160 regulates CO protein stability through affecting NPC localization of an E3-ubiquitin ligase, HIGH EXPRESSION OF OSMOTICALLY RESPONSIVE GENES1 (HOS1), which destabilizes CO protein in the morning period. Taken together, these results provide a mechanistic understanding of Nup function in the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth, suggesting that deposition of HOS1 at NPCs by Nup160 is essential for preventing precocious flowering in response to photoperiod in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunying Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Lu Liu
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Zhi Wei Norman Teo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Lisha Shen
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117604, Singapore
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25
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Jiang S, Xiao L, Huang P, Cheng Z, Chen F, Miao Y, Fu YF, Chen Q, Zhang XM. Nucleoporin Nup98 participates in flowering regulation in a CONSTANS-independent mode. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:1263-1271. [PMID: 31236659 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02442-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two redundant nucleoporin genes Nup98a and Nup98b bypass the CO-check point in photoperiodic signaling and integrated signals from multiple pathways to directly target FT for flowering control in Arabidopsis. Flowering regulation is an important and widely studied plant development event. Even though nucleoporin Nup98 has been proven to play pivotal roles in the growth and development of mammalian cells and yeast, it is still unknown if Nup98 participates in flowering control in plants. In this study, we investigated the function of two Nup98 homologs, Nup98a and Nup98b, in flowering regulation in Arabidopsis. The results showed that Nup98a and Nup98b redundantly inhibit flowering through multiple pathways including clock, photoperiod, and age pathways. Single mutants of nup98a and nup98b do not show any obvious abnormal phenotypes compared to wild-type plants; however, the nup98a1 nup98b1 double mutant displays early flowering. Significantly, Nup98a/Nup98b gate flowering in a CONSTANS (CO)-independent mode. Therefore, Nup98a/Nup98b bypasses the CO checkpoint in photoperiodic signaling and integrated signals from multiple pathways to directly target FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) for flowering control. In addition, our results provide a line of genetic evidence for uncoupling the mechanism of flowering and senescence at Nup98a/Nup98b genes in Arabidopsis, which are classically recognized as two coupled developmental events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Jiang
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Long Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Penghui Huang
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhiyuan Cheng
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Fulu Chen
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuchen Miao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Henan Province, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Yong-Fu Fu
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Qingshan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology, Ministry of Education/College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Xiao-Mei Zhang
- MOA Key Lab of Soybean Biology (Beijing), National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resource and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nandajie 12, Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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26
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Mizuno Y, Ohtsu M, Shibata Y, Tanaka A, Camagna M, Ojika M, Mori H, Sato I, Chiba S, Kawakita K, Takemoto D. Nicotiana benthamiana RanBP1-1 Is Involved in the Induction of Disease Resistance via Regulation of Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Transport of Small GTPase Ran. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:222. [PMID: 30906303 PMCID: PMC6418045 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells enhance the tolerances to abiotic and biotic stresses via recognition of the stress, activation and nuclear import of signaling factors, up-regulation of defense genes, nuclear export of mRNA and translation of defense proteins. Nuclear pore-mediated transports should play critical roles in these processes, however, the regulatory mechanisms of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport during stress responses are largely unknown. In this study, a regulator of nuclear export of RNA and proteins, NbRanBP1-1 (Ran-binding protein1-1), was identified as an essential gene for the resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana to potato blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans. NbRanBP1-1-silenced plants showed delayed accumulation of capsidiol, a sesquiterpenoid phytoalexin, in response to elicitor treatment, and reduced resistance to P. infestans. Abnormal accumulation of mRNA was observed in NbRanBP1-1-silenced plants, indicating that NbRanBP1-1 is involved in the nuclear export of mRNA. In NbRanBP1-1-silenced plants, elicitor-induced expression of defense genes, NbEAS and NbWIPK, was not affected in the early stage of defense induction, but the accumulation of NbWIPK protein was reduced. Nuclear export of the small G-protein NbRan1a was activated during the induction of plant defense, whereas this process was compromised in NbRanBP1-1-silenced plants. Silencing of genes encoding the nuclear pore proteins, Nup75 and Nup160, also caused abnormal nuclear accumulation of mRNA, defects in the nuclear export of NbRan1a, and reduced production of capsidiol, resulting in decreased resistance to P. infestans. These results suggest that nuclear export of NbRan is a key event for defense induction in N. benthamiana, and both RanBP1-1 and nucleoporins play important roles in the process.
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27
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Kapos P, Devendrakumar KT, Li X. Plant NLRs: From discovery to application. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 279:3-18. [PMID: 30709490 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plants require a complex immune system to defend themselves against a wide range of pathogens which threaten their growth and development. The nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat proteins (NLRs) are immune sensors that recognize effectors delivered by pathogens. The first NLR was cloned more than twenty years ago. Since this initial discovery, NLRs have been described as key components of plant immunity responsible for pathogen recognition and triggering defense responses. They have now been described in most of the well-studied mulitcellular plant species, with most having large NLR repertoires. As research has progressed so has the understanding of how NLRs interact with their recognition substrates and how they in turn activate downstream signalling. It has also become apparent that NLR regulation occurs at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. Even before the first NLR was cloned, breeders were utilising such genes to increase crop performance. Increased understanding of the mechanistic details of the plant immune system enable the generation of plants resistant against devastating pathogens. This review aims to give an updated summary of the NLR field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kapos
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Karen Thulasi Devendrakumar
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
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28
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Bao S, Shen G, Li G, Liu Z, Arif M, Wei Q, Men S. The Arabidopsis nucleoporin NUP1 is essential for megasporogenesis and early stages of pollen development. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:59-74. [PMID: 30341574 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-018-2349-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Loss-of-function of nucleoporin NUP1 in Arabidopsis causes defect in both male and female gametogenesis. Its ovules are arrested during meiosis, and its pollen grains are aborted at mitosis I. Nuclear pore complex (NPC) plays crucial roles in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking of proteins and RNAs. The NPC contains approximately 30 different proteins termed nucleoporins (NUPs). So far, only a few of plant NUPs have been characterized. The Arabidopsis NUP1 was identified as an ortholog of the yeast NUP1 and animal NUP153. Loss-of-function of NUP1 in Arabidopsis caused fertility defect; however, the molecular mechanism of this defect remains unknown. Here, we found that both male and female gametogenesis of the nup1 mutants were defective. nup1 ovules were arrested from the meiosis stage onward; only approximately 6.7% and 3% ovules of the nup1-1 and nup1-4 mutants developed up to the FG7 stage, respectively. Pollen development of the nup1 mutants was arrested during the first mitotic division. In addition, enlarged pollen grains with increased DNA content were observed in the nup1 mutant. RNA-sequencing showed that expression levels of genes involved in pollen development or regulation of cell size were reduced dramatically in nup1 compared with wild type. These results suggest that NUP1 plays an important role in gametogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Bao
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guangshuang Shen
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Guichen Li
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhikang Liu
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Qingqing Wei
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shuzhen Men
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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29
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Beyond Transcription: Fine-Tuning of Circadian Timekeeping by Post-Transcriptional Regulation. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9120616. [PMID: 30544736 PMCID: PMC6315869 DOI: 10.3390/genes9120616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian clock is an important endogenous timekeeper, helping plants to prepare for the periodic changes of light and darkness in their environment. The clockwork of this molecular timer is made up of clock proteins that regulate transcription of their own genes with a 24 h rhythm. Furthermore, the rhythmically expressed clock proteins regulate time-of-day dependent transcription of downstream genes, causing messenger RNA (mRNA) oscillations of a large part of the transcriptome. On top of the transcriptional regulation by the clock, circadian rhythms in mRNAs rely in large parts on post-transcriptional regulation, including alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA degradation, and translational control. Here, we present recent insights into the contribution of post-transcriptional regulation to core clock function and to regulation of circadian gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana.
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30
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Gu Y. The nuclear pore complex: a strategic platform for regulating cell signaling. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 219:25-30. [PMID: 28858378 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Contents Summary 25 I Introduction 25 II. Structural organization of the NPC 26 III. The role of NPCs in immune signaling 26 IV. The role of NPCs in hormone signaling 28 V. Conclusions 29 Acknowledgements 29 References 29 SUMMARY: Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are fundamental components of the eukaryotic cell. They perforate the nuclear envelope and serve as highly selective transport gates that enable bi-directional macromolecule exchange between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Recent studies illustrate that the NPC is not a static structural channel but a flexible environment and strategic player during nuclear signaling. The constitutional and conformational dynamics of the NPC allow it to tailor nucleocytoplasmic transport activities and define specific signaling output in response to various cellular and environmental cues. In this Insight, we review the roles of NPC constituents in immune activation and hormone signaling in plants, and discuss the possible role of the NPC as a legitimate platform for regulating cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangnan Gu
- Tsinghua University-Peking University Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing, 100084, China
- Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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31
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Zhu Y, Wang B, Tang K, Hsu CC, Xie S, Du H, Yang Y, Tao WA, Zhu JK. An Arabidopsis Nucleoporin NUP85 modulates plant responses to ABA and salt stress. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1007124. [PMID: 29232718 PMCID: PMC5741264 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several nucleoporins in the nuclear pore complex (NPC) have been reported to be involved in abiotic stress responses in plants. However, the molecular mechanism of how NPC regulates abiotic stress responses, especially the expression of stress responsive genes remains poorly understood. From a forward genetics screen using an abiotic stress-responsive luciferase reporter (RD29A-LUC) in the sickle-1 (sic-1) mutant background, we identified a suppressor caused by a mutation in NUCLEOPORIN 85 (NUP85), which exhibited reduced expression of RD29A-LUC in response to ABA and salt stress. Consistently, the ABA and salinity induced expression of several stress responsive genes such as RD29A, COR15A and COR47 was significantly compromised in nup85 mutants and other nucleoporin mutants such as nup160 and hos1. Subsequently, Immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis revealed that NUP85 is potentially associated with HOS1 and other nucleoporins within the nup107-160 complex, along with several mediator subunits. We further showed that there is a direct physical interaction between MED18 and NUP85. Similar to NUP85 mutations, MED18 mutation was also found to attenuate expression of stress responsive genes. Taken together, we not only revealed the involvement of NUP85 and other nucleoporins in regulating ABA and salt stress responses, but also uncovered a potential relation between NPC and mediator complex in modulating the gene expression in plants. Nuclear pore complex (NPC) mediates the traffic between nucleus and cytoplasm. This work identified NUCLEOPORIN 85 (NUP85) as an important factor for the expression of stress-responsive luciferase reporter gene RD29A-LUC in response to ABA and salt stress from a forward genetics screen. Mutation in NUP85 and other NPC components such as NUP160 and HOS1 resulted in decreased expression of several stress responsive genes such as RD29A, COR15A and COR47. Proteomics data uncovered a list of putative NUP85 associated proteins. Furthermore, NUP85 was demonstrated to interact with MED18, a master transcriptional regulator, to control the expression of stress responsive genes. The study has added a new layer of knowledge about the diverse functions of NPC in abiotic stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YZ); (JKZ)
| | - Bangshing Wang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Kai Tang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Chuan-Chih Hsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Shaojun Xie
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Hai Du
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biology and Genetic Breeding Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Andy Tao
- Department of Biochemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
| | - Jian-Kang Zhu
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology and CAS Center of Excellence for Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YZ); (JKZ)
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Tang M, Ning Y, Shu X, Dong B, Zhang H, Wu D, Wang H, Wang GL, Zhou B. The Nup98 Homolog APIP12 Targeted by the Effector AvrPiz-t is Involved in Rice Basal Resistance Against Magnaporthe oryzae. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 10:5. [PMID: 28205154 PMCID: PMC5311014 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-017-0144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effector AvrPiz-t of Magnaporthe oryzae has virulence function in rice. However, the mechanism underlying its virulence in host is not fully understood. RESULTS In this study, we analyzed the function of AvrPiz-t interacting protein 12 (APIP12) in rice immunity. APIP12 significantly bound to AvrPiz-t and APIP6 in its middle portion and N-terminus, respectively, in yeast two-hybrid assay. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assay further verified the interactions of APIP12 with AvrPiz-t and APIP6. APIP12 encodes a homologue of nucleoporin protein Nup98 without the conserved domain of Phe-Gly repeats and has no orthologue in other plants. Both knockout and knockdown of APIP12 caused enhanced susceptibility of rice plants to virulent isolates of M. oryzae. The expression of some pathogenesis-related (PR) genes was reduced in both knockout and knockdown mutants, suggesting that APIP12 is required for the accumulation of transcripts of PR genes upon the infection. It is worth noting that neither knockout/knockdown nor overexpression of APIP12 attenuates Piz-t resistance. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results demonstrate that APIP12 is a virulence target of AvrPiz-t and is involved in the basal resistance against M. oryzae in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhi Tang
- Institute of Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuese Ning
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Shu
- Institute of Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dianxing Wu
- Institute of Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Liang Wang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, the Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
- The Division of Genetics and Biotechnology, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, 4031, Philippines.
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Yasuda S, Okada K, Saijo Y. A look at plant immunity through the window of the multitasking coreceptor BAK1. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 38:10-18. [PMID: 28458047 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Recognition of microbe- and danger-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs and DAMPs, respectively) by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is central to innate immunity in both plants and animals. The plant PRRs described to date are all cell surface-localized receptors. According to their ligand-binding ectodomains, each PRR engages a specific coreceptor or adaptor kinase in its signaling complexes to regulate defense signaling. With a focus on the coreceptor RLK BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE1 (BAK1) and related SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASEs (SERKs), here we review the increasing inventory of BAK1 partners and their functions in plant immunity. We also discuss the significance of autoimmunity triggered by BAK1/SERK4 disintegration in shaping the strategies for attenuation of PRR signaling by infectious microbes and host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigetaka Yasuda
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Kentaro Okada
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Saijo
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630-0192, Japan; Japan Science and Technology (JST), Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO), Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan.
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Tamura K, Fukao Y, Hatsugai N, Katagiri F, Hara-Nishimura I. Nup82 functions redundantly with Nup136 in a salicylic acid-dependent defense response of Arabidopsis thaliana. Nucleus 2017; 8:301-311. [PMID: 28071978 DOI: 10.1080/19491034.2017.1279774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) comprises more than 30 nucleoporins (Nups). NPC mediates macromolecular trafficking between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm, but specific roles of individual Nups are poorly understood in higher plants. Here, we show that the novel nucleoporin unique to angiosperm plants (designated as Nup82) functions in a salicylic acid-dependent defense in a redundant manner with Nup136, which is a component of the nuclear basket in the NPC. Arabidopsis thaliana Nup82 had a similar amino acid sequence to the N-terminal half of Nup136 and a Nup82-GFP fusion was localized on the nuclear envelope. Immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation analyses revealed that Nup82 interacts with the NPC components Nup136 and RAE1. The double knockout mutant nup82 nup136 showed severe growth defects, while the single knockout mutant nup82 did not, suggesting that Nup82 functions redundantly with Nup136. nup82 nup136 impaired benzothiadiazole (an analog of salicylic acid)-induced resistance to the virulent bacteria Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis of nup82 nup136 indicates that deficiency of Nup82 and Nup136 causes noticeable downregulation of immune-related genes. These results suggest that Nup82 and Nup136 are redundantly involved in transcriptional regulation of salicylic acid-responsive genes through nuclear transport of signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Tamura
- a Department of Botany , Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
| | - Yoichiro Fukao
- b Department of Bioinformatics , College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University , Shiga , Japan
| | - Noriyuki Hatsugai
- c Department of Plant Biology , Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota , St. Paul , MN , USA
| | - Fumiaki Katagiri
- c Department of Plant Biology , Microbial and Plant Genomics Institute, University of Minnesota , St. Paul , MN , USA
| | - Ikuko Hara-Nishimura
- a Department of Botany , Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University , Kyoto , Japan
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Gu Y, Zebell SG, Liang Z, Wang S, Kang BH, Dong X. Nuclear Pore Permeabilization Is a Convergent Signaling Event in Effector-Triggered Immunity. Cell 2016; 166:1526-1538.e11. [PMID: 27569911 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2016.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear transport of immune receptors, signal transducers, and transcription factors is an essential regulatory mechanism for immune activation. Whether and how this process is regulated at the level of the nuclear pore complex (NPC) remains unclear. Here, we report that CPR5, which plays a key inhibitory role in effector-triggered immunity (ETI) and programmed cell death (PCD) in plants, is a novel transmembrane nucleoporin. CPR5 associates with anchors of the NPC selective barrier to constrain nuclear access of signaling cargos and sequesters cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs) involved in ETI signal transduction. Upon activation by immunoreceptors, CPR5 undergoes an oligomer to monomer conformational switch, which coordinates CKI release for ETI signaling and reconfigures the selective barrier to allow significant influx of nuclear signaling cargos through the NPC. Consequently, these coordinated NPC actions result in simultaneous activation of diverse stress-related signaling pathways and constitute an essential regulatory mechanism specific for ETI/PCD induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangnan Gu
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, P.O. Box 90338, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Sophia G Zebell
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, P.O. Box 90338, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Zizhen Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shui Wang
- Development Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Byung-Ho Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Cell and Developmental Biology and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinnian Dong
- Department of Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute-Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, P.O. Box 90338, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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36
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Wang WM, Liu PQ, Xu YJ, Xiao S. Protein trafficking during plant innate immunity. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 58:284-98. [PMID: 26345282 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a sophisticated immune system to fight against pathogenic microbes. Upon detection of pathogen invasion by immune receptors, the immune system is turned on, resulting in production of antimicrobial molecules including pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins. Conceivably, an efficient immune response depends on the capacity of the plant cell's protein/membrane trafficking network to deploy the right defense-associated molecules in the right place at the right time. Recent research in this area shows that while the abundance of cell surface immune receptors is regulated by endocytosis, many intracellular immune receptors, when activated, are partitioned between the cytoplasm and the nucleus for induction of defense genes and activation of programmed cell death, respectively. Vesicle transport is an essential process for secretion of PR proteins to the apoplastic space and targeting of defense-related proteins to the plasma membrane or other endomembrane compartments. In this review, we discuss the various aspects of protein trafficking during plant immunity, with a focus on the immunity proteins on the move and the major components of the trafficking machineries engaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ming Wang
- Rice Research Institute & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Peng-Qiang Liu
- Rice Research Institute & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yong-Ju Xu
- Rice Research Institute & Key Laboratory for Major Crop Diseases, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shunyuan Xiao
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research & Department of Plant Science and Landscape Architecture, University of Maryland, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA
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Dong OX, Meteignier LV, Plourde MB, Ahmed B, Wang M, Jensen C, Jin H, Moffett P, Li X, Germain H. Arabidopsis TAF15b Localizes to RNA Processing Bodies and Contributes to snc1-Mediated Autoimmunity. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2016; 29:247-57. [PMID: 26713351 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-11-15-0246-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In both animals and plants, messenger (m)RNA export has been shown to contribute to immune response regulation. The Arabidopsis nuclear protein MOS11, along with the nucleoporins MOS3/Nup96/SAR3 and Nup160/SAR1 are components of the mRNA export machinery and contribute to immunity mediated by nucleotide binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLR). The human MOS11 ortholog CIP29 is part of a small protein complex with three additional members: the RNA helicase DDX39, ALY, and TAF15b. We systematically assessed the biological roles of the Arabidopsis homologs of these proteins in toll interleukin 1 receptor-type NLR (TNL)-mediated immunity using reverse genetics. Although mutations in ALY and DDX39 did not result in obvious defects, taf15b mutation partially suppressed the autoimmune phenotypes of a gain-of-function TNL mutant, snc1. An additive effect on snc1 suppression was observed in mos11-1 taf15b snc1 triple mutant plants, suggesting that MOS11 and TAF15b have independent functions. TAF15b-GFP fusion protein, which fully complemented taf15b mutant phenotypes, localized to nuclei similarly to MOS11. However, it was also targeted to cytosolic granules identified as processing bodies. In addition, we observed no change in SNC1 mRNA levels, whereas less SNC1 protein accumulated in taf15b mutant, suggesting that TAF15b contributes to SNC1 homeostasis through posttranscriptional mechanisms. In summary, this study highlights the importance of posttranscriptional RNA processing mediated by TAF15b in the regulation of TNL-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver X Dong
- 1 Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- 2 Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia
| | | | - Melodie B Plourde
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
- 5 Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (GRBV), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; and
| | - Bulbul Ahmed
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
- 5 Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (GRBV), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; and
| | - Ming Wang
- 6 Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A
| | | | - Hailing Jin
- 6 Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A
| | - Peter Moffett
- 3 Department of Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Xin Li
- 1 Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- 2 Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia
| | - Hugo Germain
- 4 Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
- 5 Groupe de Recherche en Biologie Végétale (GRBV), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières; and
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38
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Du J, Gao Y, Zhan Y, Zhang S, Wu Y, Xiao Y, Zou B, He K, Gou X, Li G, Lin H, Li J. Nucleocytoplasmic trafficking is essential for BAK1- and BKK1-mediated cell-death control. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 85:520-31. [PMID: 26775605 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BRI1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1 (BAK1) was initially identified as a co-receptor of the brassinosteroid (BR) receptor BRI1. Genetic analyses also revealed that BAK1 and its closest homolog BAK1-LIKE 1 (BKK1) regulate a BR-independent cell-death control pathway. The double null mutant bak1 bkk1 displays a salicylic acid- and light-dependent cell-death phenotype even without pathogen invasion. Molecular mechanisms of the spontaneous cell death mediated by BAK1 and BKK1 remain unknown. Here we report our identification of a suppressor of bak1 bkk1 (sbb1-1). Genetic analyses indicated that cell-death symptoms in a weak double mutant, bak1-3 bkk1-1, were completely suppressed by the loss-of-function mutation in SBB1, which encodes a nucleoporin (NUP) 85-like protein. Genetic analyses also demonstrated that individually knocking out three other nucleoporin genes from the SBB1-located sub-complex was also able to rescue the cell-death phenotype of bak1-3 bkk1-1. In addition, a DEAD-box RNA helicase, DRH1, was identified in the same protein complex as SBB1 via a proteomic approach. The drh1 mutation also rescues the cell-death symptoms of bak1-3 bkk1-1. Further analyses indicated that export of poly(A)(+) RNA was greatly blocked in the nup and drh1 mutants, resulting in accumulation of significant levels of mRNAs in the nuclei. Over-expression of a bacterial NahG gene to inactivate salicylic acid also rescues the cell-death phenotype of bak1-3 bkk1-1. Mutants suppressing cell-death symptoms always showed greatly reduced salicylic acid contents. These results suggest that nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, especially of molecules directly or indirectly involved in endogenous salicylic acid accumulation, is critical in BAK1- and BKK1-mediated cell-death control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Du
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yanyan Zhan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yujun Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Bo Zou
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Kai He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaoping Gou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Guojing Li
- College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Honghui Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Boeglin M, Fuglsang AT, Luu DT, Sentenac H, Gaillard I, Chérel I. Reduced expression of AtNUP62 nucleoporin gene affects auxin response in Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 16:2. [PMID: 26728150 PMCID: PMC4700657 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0695-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plant nuclear pore complex has strongly attracted the attention of the scientific community during the past few years, in particular because of its involvement in hormonal and pathogen/symbiotic signalling. In Arabidopsis thaliana, more than 30 nucleoporins have been identified, but only a few of them have been characterized. Among these, AtNUP160, AtNUP96, AtNUP58, and AtTPR have been reported to modulate auxin signalling, since corresponding mutants are suppressors of the auxin resistance conferred by the axr1 (auxin-resistant) mutation. The present work is focused on AtNUP62, which is essential for embryo and plant development. This protein is one of the three nucleoporins (with AtNUP54 and AtNUP58) of the central channel of the nuclear pore complex. RESULTS AtNUP62 promoter activity was detected in many organs, and particularly in the embryo sac, young germinating seedlings and at the adult stage in stipules of cauline leaves. The atnup62-1 mutant, harbouring a T-DNA insertion in intron 5, was identified as a knock-down mutant. It displayed developmental phenotypes that suggested defects in auxin transport or responsiveness. Atnup62 mutant plantlets were found to be hypersensitive to auxin, at the cotyledon and root levels. The phenotype of the AtNUP62-GFP overexpressing line further supported the existence of a link between AtNUP62 and auxin signalling. Furthermore, the atnup62 mutation led to an increase in the activity of the DR5 auxin-responsive promoter, and suppressed the auxin-resistant root growth and leaf serration phenotypes of the axr1 mutant. CONCLUSION AtNUP62 appears to be a major negative regulator of auxin signalling. Auxin hypersensitivity of the atnup62 mutant, reminding that of atnup58 (and not observed with other nucleoporin mutants), is in agreement with the reported interaction between AtNUP62 and AtNUP58 proteins, and suggests closely related functions. The effect of AtNUP62 on auxin signalling likely occurs in relation to scaffold proteins of the nuclear pore complex (AtNUP160, AtNUP96 and AtTPR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Boeglin
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, 2 place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex, France.
| | - Anja Thoe Fuglsang
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, 2 place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex, France.
- Present address: Plant and Environmental Sciences, Section for Transport Biology, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | - Doan-Trung Luu
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, 2 place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex, France.
| | - Hervé Sentenac
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, 2 place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex, France.
| | - Isabelle Gaillard
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, 2 place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex, France.
| | - Isabelle Chérel
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, CNRS/INRA/SupAgro/UM2, 2 place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex, France.
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40
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Sec13 Regulates Expression of Specific Immune Factors Involved in Inflammation In Vivo. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17655. [PMID: 26631972 PMCID: PMC4668385 DOI: 10.1038/srep17655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sec13 protein functions in various intracellular compartments including the nuclear pore complex, COPII-coated vesicles, and inside the nucleus as a transcription regulator. Here we developed a mouse model that expresses low levels of Sec13 (Sec13H/−) to assess its functions in vivo, as Sec13 knockout is lethal. These Sec13 mutant mice did not present gross defects in anatomy and physiology. However, the reduced levels of Sec13 in vivo yielded specific immunological defects. In particular, these Sec13 mutant mice showed low levels of MHC I and II expressed by macrophages, low levels of INF-γ and IL-6 expressed by stimulated T cells, and low frequencies of splenic IFN-γ+CD8+ T cells. In contrast, the levels of soluble and membrane-bound TGF-β as well as serum immunoglobulin production are high in these mice. Furthermore, frequencies of CD19+CD5-CD95+ and CD19+CD5-IL-4+ B cells were diminished in Sec13H/− mice. Upon stimulation or immunization, some of the defects observed in the naïve mutant mice were compensated. However, TGF-β expression remained high suggesting that Sec13 is a negative modulator of TGF-β expression and of its immunosuppressive functions on certain immune cells. In sum, Sec13 regulates specific expression of immune factors with key functions in inflammation.
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Parry G. The plant nuclear envelope and regulation of gene expression. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:1673-85. [PMID: 25680795 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear envelope (NE) separates the key mechanisms of transcription and translation, and as such is a critical control point in all eukaryotic cells. In plants, the proteins of the NE influence a number of processes including the control of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport of RNA and protein, chromatin localization to the nuclear periphery, and direct chromatin binding by members of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). In this review I attempt to bring these roles under the umbrella of their effect on gene expression, even though the complex nature of this cellular environment means there is considerable overlap of effects. Although the volume of research in plant cells has greatly improved over recent years, it is clear that our understanding of how the components of the NE either directly or indirectly influence gene expression is still in its infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraint Parry
- University of Liverpool, Institute of Integrative Biology, Crown Street, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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Abstract
Understanding of the roles that HIGH EXPRESSION OF OSMOTICALLY RESPONSIVE GENE 1 (HOS1) plays in the plant's ability to sense and respond to environmental signals has grown dramatically. Mechanisms through which HOS1 affects plant development have been uncovered, and the broader consequences of hos1 on the plant's ability to perceive and respond to its environment have been investigated. As such, it has been possible to place HOS1 as a key integrator of temperature information in response to both acute signals and cues that indicate time of year into developmental processes that are essential for plant survival. This review summarizes knowledge of HOS1's form and function, and contextualizes this information so that it is relevant for better understanding the processes of cold signalling, flowering time, and nuclear pore complex function more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana R MacGregor
- John Innes Centre, Department of Crop Genetics, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Steven Penfield
- John Innes Centre, Department of Crop Genetics, Norwich Research Park, Colney Lane, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK
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Liu P, Zhang H, Yu B, Xiong L, Xia Y. Proteomic identification of early salicylate- and flg22-responsive redox-sensitive proteins in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8625. [PMID: 25720653 PMCID: PMC4342551 DOI: 10.1038/srep08625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the early defense responses against pathogen infection in plants. The mechanism about the initial and direct regulation of the defense signaling pathway by ROS remains elusive. Perturbation of cellular redox homeostasis by ROS is believed to alter functions of redox-sensitive proteins through their oxidative modifications. Here we report an OxiTRAQ-based proteomic study in identifying proteins whose cysteines underwent oxidative modifications in Arabidopsis cells during the early response to salicylate or flg22, two defense pathway elicitors that are known to disturb cellular redox homeostasis. Among the salicylate- and/or flg22-responsive redox-sensitive proteins are those involved in transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, RNA processing, post-translational modifications, and nucleocytoplasmic shuttling. The identification of the salicylate-/flg22-responsive redox-sensitive proteins provides a foundation from which further study can be conducted toward understanding biological significance of their oxidative modifications during the plant defense response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Liu
- 1] Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong [2] Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huoming Zhang
- Biosciences Core Laboratory, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Boying Yu
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Liming Xiong
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yiji Xia
- 1] Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong [2] Partner State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Banhara A, Ding Y, Kühner R, Zuccaro A, Parniske M. Colonization of root cells and plant growth promotion by Piriformospora indica occurs independently of plant common symbiosis genes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:667. [PMID: 26441999 PMCID: PMC4585188 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) fungi (Glomeromycota) form symbiosis with and deliver nutrients via the roots of most angiosperms. AM fungal hyphae are taken up by living root epidermal cells, a program which relies on a set of plant common symbiosis genes (CSGs). Plant root epidermal cells are also infected by the plant growth-promoting fungus Piriformospora indica (Basidiomycota), raising the question whether this interaction relies on the AM-related CSGs. Here we show that intracellular colonization of root cells and intracellular sporulation by P. indica occurred in CSG mutants of the legume Lotus japonicus and in Arabidopsis thaliana, which belongs to the Brassicaceae, a family that has lost the ability to form AM as well as a core set of CSGs. A. thaliana mutants of homologs of CSGs (HCSGs) interacted with P. indica similar to the wild-type. Moreover, increased biomass of A. thaliana evoked by P. indica was unaltered in HCSG mutants. We conclude that colonization and growth promotion by P. indica are independent of the CSGs and that AM fungi and P. indica exploit different host pathways for infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Banhara
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of MunichMartinsried, Germany
| | - Yi Ding
- Department of Organismic Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial MicrobiologyMarburg, Germany
| | - Regina Kühner
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of MunichMartinsried, Germany
| | - Alga Zuccaro
- Department of Organismic Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial MicrobiologyMarburg, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Botanical Institute, University of CologneCologne, Germany
| | - Martin Parniske
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of MunichMartinsried, Germany
- *Correspondence: Martin Parniske, Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Munich (LMU), Großhaderner Strasse 4, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
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Ohtsu M, Shibata Y, Ojika M, Tamura K, Hara-Nishimura I, Mori H, Kawakita K, Takemoto D. Nucleoporin 75 is involved in the ethylene-mediated production of phytoalexin for the resistance of Nicotiana benthamiana to Phytophthora infestans. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2014; 27:1318-30. [PMID: 25122483 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-06-14-0181-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mature Nicotiana benthamiana shows stable resistance to the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans. Induction of phytoalexin (capsidiol) production is essential for the resistance, which is upregulated via a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade (NbMEK2-WIPK/SIPK) followed by ethylene signaling. In this study, NbNup75 (encodes a nuclear pore protein Nucleoporin75) was identified as an essential gene for resistance of N. benthamiana to P. infestans. In NbNup75-silenced plants, initial events of elicitor-induced responses such as phosphorylation of MAPK and expression of defense-related genes were not affected, whereas induction of later defense responses such as capsidiol production and cell death induction was suppressed or delayed. Ethylene production induced by either INF1 or NbMEK2 was reduced in NbNup75-silenced plants, whereas the expression of NbEAS (a gene for capsidiol biosynthesis) induced by ethylene was not affected, indicating that Nup75 is required for the induction of ethylene production but not for ethylene signaling. Given that nuclear accumulation of polyA RNA was increased in NbNup75-silenced plants, efficient export of mRNA from nuclei via nuclear pores would be important for the timely upregulation of defense responses. Collectively, Nup75 is involved in the induction of a later stage of defense responses, including the ethylene-mediated production of phytoalexin for the resistance of N. benthamiana to P. infestans.
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Parry G. Components of the Arabidopsis nuclear pore complex play multiple diverse roles in control of plant growth. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:6057-67. [PMID: 25165147 PMCID: PMC4203139 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a multisubunit protein conglomerate that facilitates movement of RNA and protein between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Relatively little is known regarding the influence of the Arabidopsis NPC on growth and development. Seedling development, flowering time, nuclear morphology, mRNA accumulation, and gene expression changes in Arabidopsis nucleoporin mutants were investigated. Nuclear export of mRNA is differentially affected in plants with defects in nucleoporins that lie in different NPC subcomplexes. This study reveals differences in the manner by which nucleoporins alter molecular and plant growth phenotypes, suggesting that nuclear pore subcomplexes play distinct roles in nuclear transport and reveal a possible feedback relationship between the expression of genes involved in nuclear transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraint Parry
- Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK
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Rogers C, Oldroyd GED. Synthetic biology approaches to engineering the nitrogen symbiosis in cereals. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:1939-46. [PMID: 24687978 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is abundant in the earth's atmosphere but, unlike carbon, cannot be directly assimilated by plants. The limitation this places on plant productivity has been circumvented in contemporary agriculture through the production and application of chemical fertilizers. The chemical reduction of nitrogen for this purpose consumes large amounts of energy and the reactive nitrogen released into the environment as a result of fertilizer application leads to greenhouse gas emissions, as well as widespread eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. The environmental impacts are intensified by injudicious use of fertilizers in many parts of the world. Simultaneously, limitations in the production and supply of chemical fertilizers in other regions are leading to low agricultural productivity and malnutrition. Nitrogen can be directly fixed from the atmosphere by some bacteria and Archaea, which possess the enzyme nitrogenase. Some plant species, most notably legumes, have evolved close symbiotic associations with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Engineering cereal crops with the capability to fix their own nitrogen could one day address the problems created by the over- and under-use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture. This could be achieved either by expression of a functional nitrogenase enzyme in the cells of the cereal crop or through transferring the capability to form a symbiotic association with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. While potentially transformative, these biotechnological approaches are challenging; however, with recent advances in synthetic biology they are viable long-term goals. This review discusses the possibility of these biotechnological solutions to the nitrogen problem, focusing on engineering the nitrogen symbiosis in cereals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Rogers
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
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48
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Field MC, Koreny L, Rout MP. Enriching the pore: splendid complexity from humble origins. Traffic 2014; 15:141-56. [PMID: 24279500 DOI: 10.1111/tra.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The nucleus is the defining intracellular organelle of eukaryotic cells and represents a major structural innovation that differentiates the eukaryotic and prokaryotic cellular form. The presence of a nuclear envelope (NE) encapsulating the nucleus necessitates a mechanism for interchange between the contents of the nuclear interior and the cytoplasm, which is mediated via the nuclear pore complex (NPC), a large protein assembly residing in nuclear pores in the NE. Recent advances have begun to map the structure and functions of the NPC in multiple organisms, and to allow reconstruction of some of the evolutionary events that underpin the modern NPC form, highlighting common and differential NPC features across the eukaryotes. Here we discuss some of these advances and the questions being pursued, consider how the evolution of the NPC has been constrained, and finally propose a model for how the NPC evolved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Field
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee, DD1 5EH, Scotland
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Tamura K, Hara-Nishimura I. Functional insights of nucleocytoplasmic transport in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:118. [PMID: 24765097 PMCID: PMC3980095 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant nucleocytoplasmic transport beyond the nuclear envelope is important not only for basic cellular functions but also for growth, development, hormonal signaling, and responses to environmental stimuli. Key components of this transport system include nuclear transport receptors and nucleoporins. The functional and physical interactions between receptors and the nuclear pore in the nuclear membrane are indispensable for nucleocytoplasmic transport. Recently, several groups have reported various plant mutants that are deficient in factors involved in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge about nucleocytoplasmic transport in plants, and we review the plant-specific regulation and roles of this process in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ikuko Hara-Nishimura
- *Correspondence: Ikuko Hara-Nishimura, Department of Botany, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan e-mail:
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Guo T, Fang Y. Functional organization and dynamics of the cell nucleus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2014; 5:378. [PMID: 25161658 PMCID: PMC4130368 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic cell nucleus enclosed within the nuclear envelope harbors organized chromatin territories and various nuclear bodies as sub-nuclear compartments. This higher-order nuclear organization provides a unique environment to regulate the genome during replication, transcription, maintenance, and other processes. In this review, we focus on the plant four-dimensional nuclear organization, its dynamics and function in response to signals during development or stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuda Fang
- *Correspondence: Yuda Fang, National key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China e-mail:
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