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Nolan L, Jacobson LA, Peterson RK. Practical adaptive skills in pediatric brain tumor survivors: the contribution of medical factors and social determinants of health. Child Neuropsychol 2024; 30:847-860. [PMID: 37930038 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2023.2275826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric brain tumor survivors demonstrate weaknesses in adaptive functioning, most notably practical adaptive skills; however, the specific areas of weakness within practical skills are unknown. This study examined the aspects of practical adaptive functions that are most impacted in brain tumor survivors, and identified medical and socio-demographic variables that predicted outcomes. The sample included 117 pediatric brain tumor patients seen for a clinical neuropsychological evaluation and whose parents completed the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System, Second or Third Edition. T-tests compared practical adaptive skills to normative means. Correlations examined associations between medical and socio-demographic variables and each of the practical adaptive subscales (Community Use, Home Living, Health & Safety, Self-Care). Significant correlations were entered into linear regression models for each practical adaptive skill. All practical subscales were significantly below the normative mean. Community Use was positively correlated with age at diagnosis and negatively correlated with treatment burden, time since diagnosis, and neighborhood deprivation. Health and Safety was positively correlated with age at diagnosis. Home Living was positively correlated with neighborhood deprivation. Self-Care was positively correlated with age at diagnosis and parental education. Specific medical and socio-demographic factors predicted practical adaptive functioning, highlighting the importance of considering the role of medical and socio-demographic determinants of health on adaptive functioning outcomes in pediatric brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lily Nolan
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa A Jacobson
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rachel K Peterson
- Department of Neuropsychology, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
- School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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2
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Chen L, Chen Y, Ran H, Che Y, Fang D, Li Q, Shi Y, Liu S, He Y, Zheng G, Xiao Y. Social poverty indicators with school bullying victimization: evidence from the global school-based student health survey (GSHS). BMC Public Health 2024; 24:615. [PMID: 38408963 PMCID: PMC10898088 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND School bullying is prevalent in children and adolescents. Bullying victims are seen higher risk of negative psychological outcomes. Previously published studies suggested that social indicators may pose significant influence on bullying victimization. However, the association between social poverty and bullying victimization has not been exclusively discussed. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed the association between 6 commonly used social poverty indicators (Poverty Headcount Ratio, PHR; Poverty Gap, PG; Squared Poverty Gap, SPG; monthly household per capita income, PCI; Watts' Poverty Index, WPI; the Gini Index, Gini) and the prevalence of school bullying at country level by using the Global school-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) database. RESULTS Altogether 16 countries were included into the final analysis, with school bullying victimization prevalence ranged from 12.9 to 47.5%. Bubble plots revealed statistically significant associations between the three indicators measuring absolute poverty level (PHR, PCI, WPI) and bullying victimization. Subsequently performed principal component regression indicated that, for all types of bullying victimization, the increase of absolute poverty level was related to elevated prevalence rates, and the association was particularly strong for verbal bullying victimization. CONCLUSIONS Our study results may suggest that absolute social poverty is an important parameter for constructing and implementing school bullying victimization intervention strategies and measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hailiang Ran
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yusan Che
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Die Fang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiongxian Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyu Shi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yandie He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guiqing Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, 1168 West Chunrong Road, Yuhua Street, Chenggong District, 650500, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Atherton OE, Graham EK, Dorame AN, Horgan D, Luo J, Nevarez MD, Ferrie JP, Spiro A, Schulz MS, Waldinger RJ, Mroczek DK, Lee LO. Is there intergenerational continuity in early life experiences? Findings from the Harvard Study of Adult Development. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2023; 37:1123-1136. [PMID: 37616090 PMCID: PMC10841087 DOI: 10.1037/fam0001144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
There has been longstanding and widespread interdisciplinary interest in understanding intergenerational processes, or the extent to which conditions repeat themselves across generations. However, due to the difficulty of collecting longitudinal, multigenerational data on early life conditions, less is known about the extent to which offspring experience the same early life conditions that their parents experienced in their own early lives. Using data from a socioeconomically diverse, White U.S. American cohort of 1,312 offspring (50% female) and their fathers (N = 518 families), we address three primary questions: (1) To what extent is there intergenerational continuity in early life experiences (social class, home atmosphere, parent-child relationship quality, health)? (2) Is intergenerational continuity in early life experiences greater for some domains of experience compared to others? and (3) Are there person-level (offspring sex, birth order, perceptions of marital stability) and family-level factors (family size, father education level and education mobility, marital stability) that moderate intergenerational continuity? Multilevel models indicated that intergenerational continuity was particularly robust for childhood social class, but nonsignificant for other early life experiences. Further, intergenerational continuity was moderated by several family-level factors, such that families with higher father education/mobility and marital stability, tended to have offspring with the most optimal early life experiences, regardless of what their father experienced in early life. We discuss the broader theoretical implications for family systems, as well as practical implications for individual-level and family-level interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia E. Atherton
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | - Eileen K. Graham
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | - Ashley N. Dorame
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at VA Boston Healthcare System
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
| | - Daniel Horgan
- Department of Psychology and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
| | - Michael D. Nevarez
- Department of Psychology and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University
| | | | - Avron Spiro
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
- VA Boston Healthcare System
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health
| | | | - Robert J. Waldinger
- Department of Psychology and Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard University
| | - Daniel K. Mroczek
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University
| | - Lewina O. Lee
- National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder at VA Boston Healthcare System
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine
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4
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How family supports children’s reading-related emotions and reading intention: a comparative study of rural, suburban, and urban areas. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11031-023-10011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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5
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Conrad A, Ronnenberg M. Hardship in the Heartland: Associations Between Rurality, Income, and Material Hardship. RURAL SOCIOLOGY 2022; 87:936-959. [PMID: 36250035 PMCID: PMC9544636 DOI: 10.1111/ruso.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
One in three U.S. households has experienced material hardship. The inadequate provision of basic needs, including food, healthcare, and transportation, is more typical in households with children or persons of color, yet little is known about material hardship in rural spaces. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of material hardships in Iowa and examine the relationship between rurality, income, and material hardship. Using data from the 2016 State Innovation Model Statewide Consumer Survey, we use logistic regression to examine the association between rurality, income, and four forms of material hardship. Rural respondents incurred lower odds than non-rural respondents for all four hardship models. All four models indicated that lower income respondents incurred greater odds for having material hardship. Material hardship was reported across all groups, with rurality, income, race, and age as strong predictors of material hardship among our sample.
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Uddin ME. Parental investment mediates associations between lower family income and primary math achievement. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2022.101422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Wu X, Gai X, Xu L, Liu F, Wang H, Kou H. Family socioeconomic status and provincial‐level economic, educational, and health‐related factors as predictors of present‐ and future‐oriented subjective wellbeing in junior high school students in China. J Adolesc 2022; 94:354-365. [DOI: 10.1002/jad.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wu
- School of Psychology Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Xiaosong Gai
- School of Psychology Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Lili Xu
- School of Psychology Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Fangqing Liu
- School of Psychology Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Psychology Northeast Normal University Changchun Jilin China
| | - Hongyang Kou
- Northeast Asian Studies College Jilin University Changchun Jilin China
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Conger RD, Martin MJ, Masarik AS. Dynamic associations among socioeconomic status (SES), parenting investments, and conscientiousness across time and generations. Dev Psychol 2021; 57:147-163. [PMID: 33539124 DOI: 10.1037/dev0000463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Building on recommendations from several of the articles in the special section on conscientiousness in the June 2014 issue of Developmental Psychology, the present study tested predictions from the interactionist model (IM) of socioeconomic influences on individual development. In an approach consistent with the idea of cumulative advantage, the model proposed that adolescent and child conscientiousness would be fostered by higher family socioeconomic status (SES) and the parenting and material investments that SES promotes. The IM also predicted a transactional process in which adolescent conscientiousness would promote future socioeconomic success which, in turn, would foster greater adult conscientiousness. Analyses with a cohort of 347 adolescents followed for over 20 years were largely consistent with these predictions, although the findings suggested some modifications to the IM, including the addition of a stronger direct role for family processes in eventual social and economic outcomes. Moreover, additional analyses with 282 of the children of these cohort members demonstrated that this same process was partially replicated in the next generation of children. The findings suggest reciprocal or transactional influences that promote conscientiousness and accumulating personal, economic, and social advantages over time and generations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Abstract
Depression is a common and debilitating condition that adversely affects functioning and the capacity to work and establish economic stability. Women are disproportionately burdened by depression, and low-income pregnant and parenting women have particularly high rates of depression and often lack access to treatment. As depression can be treated, it is a modifiable risk factor for poor economic outcomes for women, and thus for children and families. Recent national and state health care policy changes offer the opportunity for community-based psychological and economic interventions that can reduce the number of pregnant and parenting women with clinically significant depressive symptoms. Moreover, there is strong evidence that in addition to benefiting women's well-being, such reforms bolster children's emotional and social development and learning and help families rise out of poverty. This review summarizes the mental health and economic literature regarding how maternal depression perpetuates intergenerational poverty and discusses recommendations regarding policies to treat maternal depression in large-scale social services systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan V Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA; .,The Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, USA.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.,Women's Health Research at Yale, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Carolyn M Mazure
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA; .,Women's Health Research at Yale, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.,Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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10
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Li M, O'Donnell KJ, Caron J, D'Arcy C, Meng X. Impact of parental socioeconomic status on offspring's mental health: protocol for a longitudinal community-based study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e038409. [PMID: 33593762 PMCID: PMC7888321 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Socioeconomic status (SES) affects physical and mental health and cognitive functioning. The association between SES changes (SES mobility) and health has ethical and political implications in that the pernicious effects of inequality and the differential impact on social classes of economic and social policies. There is a lack of research conducted to explore the intergenerational transmission of parental SES changes on the offspring's mental health and cognitive functioning. We aim to fill this gap and identify roles of parental SES changes in offspring's mental health and cognitive outcomes. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This study will be based on a longitudinal cohort from the most populous municipality in the Canadian province of Quebec. Participants and their biological offspring will be invited to this study. For those with informed consent, we will collect their information on mental health, psychiatric disorders, cognitive functioning and early life experiences for offspring. Latent class growth analysis will be used to identify parental SES mobility groups. Multivariate regression analyses will be used to explore the roles of early life stress, parental SES mobility and their interactions in psychiatric disorders and cognitive functioning. Subgroup analyses (males and females) are also planned. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been given ethical approval by the Research Ethics Board of the Douglas Mental Health University Institute (IUSMD-18/17). Each participant will provide informed consent on participation. We will disseminate research findings through publication in peer-reviewed academic journals and presentations at conferences. Lay summaries of major research findings will also be shared annually with our partners in the health system and community agencies located in the catchment area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzi Li
- Research Centre, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kieran J O'Donnell
- Research Centre, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Yale Child Study Center & Department of Obstetrics Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jean Caron
- Research Centre, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Carl D'Arcy
- Department of Psychiatry and School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- Research Centre, Douglas Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Family and developmental history of ADHD patients: a structured clinical routine interview identifies a significant profile. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2020; 270:1047-1061. [PMID: 31399866 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-019-01047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Similar to other neurodevelopmental disorders, the diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is based on clinical and psychosocial assessment. This assessment is performed in clinical practice using the clinical routine interview technique. Domains of the clinical routine interview are, among others, present symptoms, history of present illness and family and developmental history. Family and developmental history are important parts in the diagnostic process of ADHD. In contrast to the domains of present symptoms and history of present illness, there are currently no structured interviews or rating scales available to thoroughly assess family and developmental history in ADHD. The aim of the study was to assess the profile of operationalized data from a structured clinical routine interview addressing family and developmental history from ADHD patients and control participants. A structured interview to assess family and developmental history was derived from the guidelines used at different university hospitals for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry as well as from the descriptions in leading textbooks. Based on these guidelines and descriptions, the interview was an optimization of possible questions. Clinical data were obtained from parents of male patients who had the diagnosis of ADHD between the ages of 12-17 years (n = 44), and of healthy controls (n = 41). Non-metric data were operationalized into three categories, 0-normal behavior, 1-minor pathological behavior, 2-major pathological behavior. ADHD patients express a profile that significantly differs from control participants. Comparison of significant items with the empirical ADHD literature indicates strong agreement. Our findings support the importance and feasibility of the clinical routine interview in family and developmental history in the context of diagnosing ADHD.
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12
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The Negative Impact of Economic Hardship on Adolescent Academic Engagement: An Examination Parental Investment and Family Stress Processes. J Youth Adolesc 2020; 49:973-990. [DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01210-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Kerr DCR, Tiberio SS, Capaldi DM, Owen LD. Intergenerational congruence in adolescent onset of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2020; 34:839-851. [PMID: 31916782 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
We examined alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana (ATM) use onset across early to late adolescence in a sample of fathers and their offspring. We tested a theory of developmental congruence in polysubstance use, or the extent to which fathers' ATM use onset in early adolescence increased risk for earlier ATM onset by their offspring. Average rates of adolescent ATM use onset were also compared across generations, which may reflect intergenerational discontinuity and secular trends. Children (n = 223, 44% boys) and their fathers (n = 113; originally recruited as boys at neighborhood risk for delinquency) contributed repeated prospective self-reports of their ATM use across adolescence (as late as age 18 years). Mothers' ATM use (retrospective) through age 18 years was available for 205 children. Data were analyzed using discrete-time survival mixture analysis. Compared with their fathers, boys and girls showed later onset for tobacco use, and girls showed later onset alcohol use. Developmental congruence was partially supported: Children showed earlier ATM use onset if their fathers were assigned to the early adolescent polysubstance use onset class, compared to the late-adolescent predominantly alcohol and tobacco onset class; mothers' ATM use in adolescence attenuated this effect. Consistent with national secular trends, rates of adolescent onset tobacco and alcohol use declined across generations, whereas marijuana use onset did not. However, there was intergenerational transmission of risk for early polysubstance use onset. Prevention that delays early substance use may have early life span effects as well as transgenerational implications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Sun H. Home Environment, Bilingual Preschooler's Receptive Mother Tongue Language Outcomes, and Social-Emotional and Behavioral Skills: One Stone for Two Birds? Front Psychol 2019; 10:1640. [PMID: 31379675 PMCID: PMC6646412 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study seeks to illustrate the relationships between child bilinguals' mother tongue language (MTL) exposure and reading activities at home, children's receptive MTL proficiency, and their socio-emotional and behavioral skills (SEBS). Data from 202 Singapore preschoolers (4-5 years old) who are learning English and Mandarin were analyzed. A parental questionnaire and standard Mandarin tests (i.e., receptive vocabulary, receptive grammar) were used to assess children's Mandarin language-literacy environment at home, as well as their receptive language skills in Mandarin. Children's SEBS were evaluated with the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) (parental version). A series of variables which might influence SEBS and MTL proficiency (e.g., gender and SES) were controlled and SEMs were used to conduct data analysis. Results demonstrated that both Mandarin language and literacy environmental factors are related to children's receptive language outcomes in Mandarin, while only literacy environmental factors associate with children's difficulty level, and prosocial skills. This suggests that good parental support in bilingual children's MTL literacy should be promoted not only for the sake of their early language development but also because of the potential benefits to their social emotional wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Sun
- National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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15
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Enayati H, Karpur A. Impact of Participation in School-to-Work Programs on Postsecondary Outcomes for Youth With Disabilities From Low-Income Families. JOURNAL OF DISABILITY POLICY STUDIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1044207318789419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Individuals with disabilities who also live in poverty face a double jeopardy. Disability and poverty are each separately associated with poorer education and employment outcomes. One approach to ameliorate these poorer outcomes is to improve the transition from high school to adulthood. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this article examines the role of school-to-work training programs on adult outcomes for individuals with disabilities who live in welfare receiving households. A linear probability model identifies the differences in outcomes for youth by disability and welfare status. Participation in school-to-work programs for youth with disabilities from welfare receiving homes was found to predict higher rates of employment, lower rates of conviction, and lower wages. Implications of these results and recommendations for future research design are included.
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Taylor ZE, Widaman KF, Robins RW. Longitudinal Relations of Economic Hardship and Effortful Control to Active Coping in Latino Youth. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2018; 28:396-411. [PMID: 28851024 PMCID: PMC5831520 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
How Latino youth cope with stressors may have implications for their adjustment. We examined how a temperamental characteristic (effortful control) and a contextual factor (economic hardship) were associated with Latino youth's coping. Individual differences in effortful control, a core facet of self-regulation, may contribute to coping as effortful control is consistently linked to adaptive behaviors during adolescence. We examined relations of effortful control and economic hardship to active coping in a sample of Mexican-origin youth (N = 674) across three time points (fifth to ninth grades). Although economic hardship negatively predicted coping and effortful control, effortful control positively predicted coping (controlling for prior levels). Findings support a resilience perspective by suggesting that effortful control may contribute to coping and thus counteract the negative effects of economic hardship.
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Osher D, Cantor P, Berg J, Steyer L, Rose T. Drivers of human development: How relationships and context shape learning and development1. APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/10888691.2017.1398650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pamela Cantor
- Turnaround for Children
- Harvard Graduate School of Education
| | | | | | - Todd Rose
- Harvard Graduate School of Education
- The Center for Individual Opportunity
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18
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How do childhood intelligence and early psychosocial adversity influence income attainment among adult extremely low birth weight survivors? A test of the cognitive reserve hypothesis. Dev Psychopathol 2017; 30:1421-1434. [PMID: 29166964 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Perinatal and later postnatal adversities have been shown to adversely affect socioeconomic trajectories, while enhanced early cognitive abilities improve them. However, little is known about the combined influence of these exposures on social mobility. In this study, we examined if childhood IQ moderated the association between four different types of postnatal adversity (childhood socioeconomic disadvantage, childhood sexual abuse, lifetime psychiatric disorder, and trait neuroticism) and annual earnings at 30-35 years of age in a sample of 88 extremely low birth weight survivors. Our results suggested that higher childhood IQ was associated with greater personal income at age 30-35. Extremely low birth weight survivors who did not face psychological adversities and who had higher childhood IQ reported higher income in adulthood. However, those who faced psychological adversity and had higher childhood IQ generally reported lower income in adulthood. Our findings suggest that cognitive reserve may not protect preterm survivors against the complex web of risk factors affecting their later socioeconomic attainment.
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19
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Cadman T, Diamond PR, Fearon P. Reassessing the validity of the attachment Q-sort: An updated meta-analysis. INFANT AND CHILD DEVELOPMENT 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/icd.2034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter R. Diamond
- Neuroepidemiology and Ageing Research Unit, School of Public Health; Imperial College London; London UK
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Mortimer JT, Zhang L, Wu CY, Hussemann J, Johnson MK. Familial Transmission of Educational Plans and the Academic Self-Concept: A Three-Generation Longitudinal Study. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2017; 80:85-107. [PMID: 28396611 PMCID: PMC5384102 DOI: 10.1177/0190272516670582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
This research investigates the social reproduction of inequality by drawing on prospective longitudinal data from three generations of Youth Development Study respondents. It examines intergenerational influence on the relatively unexplored academic self-concept as well as educational plans, a critical component of the status attainment model. A structural equation model, based on 422 3-generation triads, finds evidence that the sources giving rise to the development of children's (Generation 3) achievement orientations do not only result from parental (G2) contemporaneous influence. Prior influences implicate grandparent (G1) educational attainment and income, grandparental expectations for the G2 adolescent, the G2 academic self-concept and educational plans measured more than twenty years earlier (in G2's adolescence), and G2 educational attainment. A familial culture emphasizing academic self-confidence and high educational expectations may be an important component of "family capital" that supports educational attainment and contributes to the maintenance of social class position in each successive generation.
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Senia JM, Neppl TK, Gudmunson CG, Donnellan MB, Lorenz FO. The intergenerational continuity of socioeconomic status: Effects of parenting, personality, and age at first romantic partnership. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2016; 30:647-656. [PMID: 26651350 PMCID: PMC4907882 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Research has indicated that socioeconomic status (SES) is related to individual health and well-being, and may be transmitted across generations. According to the interactionist model, circumstances in the family of origin and individual characteristics both account for social, economic, and developmental outcomes associated with SES. Thus, for the present investigation, we evaluated continuities in SES across 2 generations (G1, G2) as mediated through G1 maternal positive parenting, G2 personality, and G2 age of first committed romantic partnership. Participants were 432 emerging adults from an ongoing longitudinal study. Consistent with the interactionist model, G1 SES was associated with G2 personality indirectly through G1 maternal positive parenting. G1 SES, G2 personality, and G2 first partnership directly predicted G2 SES. G1 maternal positive parenting was also indirectly associated with G2 age at first partnership through G2 personality. Findings were consistent across 2 broad personality domains-negative emotionality and constraint. However, positive emotionality was not associated with G2 age at partnership. (PsycINFO Database Record
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M. Senia
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies Iowa State University
| | - Tricia K. Neppl
- Department of Human Development & Family Studies Iowa State University
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Cheng TL, Johnson SB, Goodman E. Breaking the Intergenerational Cycle of Disadvantage: The Three Generation Approach. Pediatrics 2016; 137:e20152467. [PMID: 27244844 PMCID: PMC4894258 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2015-2467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Health disparities in the United States related to socioeconomic status are persistent and pervasive. This review highlights how social disadvantage, particularly low socioeconomic status and the health burden it brings, is passed from 1 generation to the next. First, we review current frameworks for understanding the intergenerational transmission of health disparities and provide 4 illustrative examples relevant to child health, development, and well-being. Second, the leading strategy to break the cycle of poverty in young families in the United States, the 2-generation approach, is reviewed. Finally, we propose a new 3-generation approach that must combine with the 2-generation approach to interrupt the intergenerational cycle of disadvantage and eliminate health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina L Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland;
| | - Sara B Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth Goodman
- MassGeneral Hospital for Children, Boston, Massachusetts; and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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Social and economic antecedents and consequences of adolescent aggressive personality: Predictions from the interactionist model. Dev Psychopathol 2016; 27:1111-27. [PMID: 26439065 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579415000711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the development of a cohort of 279 early adolescents (52% female) from 1990 to 2005. Guided by the interactionist model of socioeconomic status and human development, we proposed that parent aggressive personality, economic circumstances, interparental conflict, and parenting characteristics would affect the development of adolescent aggressive personality traits. In turn, we hypothesized that adolescent aggressiveness would have a negative influence on adolescent functioning as an adult in terms of economic success, personality development, and close relationships 11 years later. Findings were generally supportive of the interactionist model proposition that social and economic difficulties in the family of origin intensify risk for adolescent aggressive personality (the social causation hypothesis) and that this personality trait impairs successful transition to adult roles (the social selection hypothesis) in a transactional process over time and generations. These results underscore how early development leads to child influences that appear to directly hamper the successful transition to adult roles (statistical main effects) and also amplify the negative impact of dysfunctional family systems on the transition to adulthood (statistical interaction effects). The findings suggest several possible points of intervention that might help to disrupt this negative developmental sequence of events.
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Emerging psychopathology moderates upward social mobility: The intergenerational (dis)continuity of socioeconomic status. Dev Psychopathol 2015; 27:1217-36. [DOI: 10.1017/s0954579415000784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSocioeconomic status (SES) is relatively stable across generations, but social policies may create opportunities for upward social mobility among disadvantaged populations during periods of economic growth. With respect to expanded educational opportunities that occurred in Québec (Canada) during the 1960s, we hypothesized that children's social and academic competence would promote upward mobility, whereas aggression and social withdrawal would have the opposite effect. Out of 4,109 children attending low-SES schools in 1976–1978, a representative subsample of 503 participants were followed until midadulthood. Path analyses revealed that parents’ SES predicted offspring's SES through associations with offspring's likeability, academic competence, and educational attainment. Interaction effects revealed individual risk factors that moderated children's ability to take advantage of intrafamilial or extrafamilial opportunities that could enhance their educational attainment. Highly aggressive participants and those presenting low academic achievement were unable to gain advantage from having highly educated parents. They reached lower educational attainment than their less aggressive or higher achieving peers who came from a similarly advantaged family background. Growing up with parents occupying low-prestige jobs put withdrawn boys and outgoing girls at risk for low educational attainment. In conclusion, social policies can raise SES across generations, with great benefits for the most disadvantaged segments of the population. However, children presenting with emerging psychopathology or academic weaknesses do not benefit from these policies as much as others, and should receive additional, targeted services.
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Zvara BJ, Mills-Koonce WR, Garrett-Peters P, Wagner NJ, Vernon-Feagans L, Cox M. The mediating role of parenting in the associations between household chaos and children's representations of family dysfunction. Attach Hum Dev 2014; 16:633-55. [PMID: 25329862 PMCID: PMC4239165 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2014.966124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Children's drawings are thought to reflect their mental representations of self and their interpersonal relations within families. Household chaos is believed to disrupt key proximal processes related to optimal development. The present study examines the mediating role of parenting behaviors in the relations between two measures of household chaos, instability and disorganization, and how they may be evidenced in children's representations of family dysfunction as derived from their drawings. The sample (N = 962) is from a longitudinal study of rural poverty exploring the ways in which child, family, and contextual factors shape development over time. Findings reveal that, after controlling for numerous factors including child and primary caregiver covariates, there were significant indirect effects from cumulative family disorganization, but not cumulative family instability, on children's representation of family dysfunction through parenting behaviors. Results suggest that the proximal effects of daily disorganization outweigh the effects of periodic instability overtime.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Zvara
- a Psychology , The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , USA
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26
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Intergenerational occupational transmission: Do offspring walk in the footsteps of mom or dad, or both? JOURNAL OF VOCATIONAL BEHAVIOR 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvb.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Delgado MY, Killoren SE, Updegraff KA. Economic hardship and Mexican-origin adolescents' adjustment: examining adolescents' perceptions of hardship and parent-adolescent relationship quality. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2013; 27:827-37. [PMID: 23937419 PMCID: PMC4805369 DOI: 10.1037/a0033737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Studies examining economic hardship consistently have linked family economic hardship to adolescent adjustment via parent and family functioning, but limited attention has been given to adolescents' perceptions of these processes. To address this, the authors investigated the intervening effects of adolescents' perceptions of economic hardship and of parent-adolescent warmth and conflict on the associations between parental economic hardship and adolescent adjustment (i.e., depressive symptoms, risky behaviors, and school performance) in a sample of 246 Mexican-origin families. Findings revealed that both mothers' and fathers' reports of economic hardship were positively related to adolescents' reports of economic hardship, which in turn, were negatively related to parent-adolescent warmth and positively related to parent-adolescent conflict with both mothers and fathers. Adolescents' perceptions of economic hardship were indirectly related to (a) depressive symptoms through warmth with mothers and conflict with mothers and fathers, (b) involvement in risky behaviors through conflict with mothers and fathers, and (c) GPA through conflict with fathers. Our findings highlight the importance of adolescents' perceptions of family economic hardship and relationships with mothers and fathers in predicting adolescent adjustment.
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Macaulay CE, Ford RM. Family influences on the cognitive development of profoundly deaf children: exploring the effects of socioeconomic status and siblings. JOURNAL OF DEAF STUDIES AND DEAF EDUCATION 2013; 18:545-562. [PMID: 23614903 DOI: 10.1093/deafed/ent019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the cognitive development of 48 profoundly deaf children from hearing families (born 1994-2002, mean age M = 8.0 years at time of test, none of whom had received early auditory-verbal therapy) as a function of family socioeconomic status and number of siblings. Overall, the deaf children matched a younger group of 47 hearing controls (M = 4.6 years) on verbal ability, theory of mind, and cognitive inhibition. Partial correlations (controlling for age) revealed positive relations in the hearing group between maternal education and inhibition, between number of younger siblings and references to emotions, and between number of close-in-age siblings and references to desires and false beliefs. In the deaf group, there were positive relations between household income and memory span, between maternal education and references to false beliefs, and between number of younger siblings and nonverbal ability. In contrast, deaf children with a greater number of older siblings aged ≤12 years showed inferior memory span, inhibition, belief understanding, picture-sequencing accuracy, and mental-state language, suggesting that they failed to compete successfully with older siblings for their parents' attention and material resources. We consider the implications of the findings for understanding birth-order effects on deaf and language-impaired children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catrin E Macaulay
- Department of Public Health and Policy Studies, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA21 8PP, Wales, UK.
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30
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Sohr-Preston SL, Scaramella LV, Martin MJ, Neppl TK, Ontai L, Conger R. Parental socioeconomic status, communication, and children's vocabulary development: a third-generation test of the family investment model. Child Dev 2013; 84:1046-62. [PMID: 23199236 PMCID: PMC3594401 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This third-generation, longitudinal study evaluated a family investment perspective on family socioeconomic status (SES), parental investments in children, and child development. The theoretical framework was tested for first-generation parents (G1), their children (G2), and the children of the second generation (G3). G1 SES was expected to predict clear and responsive parental communication. Parental investments were expected to predict educational attainment and parenting for G2 and vocabulary development for G3. For the 139 families in the study, data were collected when G2 were adolescents and early adults and their oldest biological child (G3) was 3-4 years of age. The results demonstrate the importance of SES and parental investments for the development of children and adolescents across multiple generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara L Sohr-Preston
- Department of Psychology, SoutheasternLouisiana University, Hammond, LA 70402, USA.
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31
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Noble KG, Fifer WP, Rauh VA, Nomura Y, Andrews HF. Academic achievement varies with gestational age among children born at term. Pediatrics 2012; 130:e257-64. [PMID: 22753563 PMCID: PMC3408682 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2011-2157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to examine the degree to which children born within the "normal term" range of 37 to 41 weeks' gestation vary in terms of school achievement. METHODS This study analyzed data from 128050 singleton births born between 37 and 41 weeks' gestation in a large US city. Data were extracted from city birth records to assess a number of obstetric, social, and economic variables, at both the individual and community levels. Birth data were then matched with public school records of standardized city-wide third-grade reading and math tests. Specifically, we assessed (1) whether children born within the normal term range of 37 to 41 weeks' gestation show differences in reading and/or math ability 8 years later as a function of gestational age, and (2) the degree to which a wide range of individual- and community-level social and biological factors mediate this effect. RESULTS Analyses revealed that gestational age within the normal term range was significantly and positively related to reading and math scores in third grade, with achievement scores for children born at 37 and 38 weeks significantly lower than those for children born at 39, 40, or 41 weeks. This effect was independent of birth weight, as well as a number of other obstetric, social, and economic factors. CONCLUSIONS Earlier normal term birth may be a characteristic considered by researchers, clinicians, and parents to help identify children who may be at risk for poorer school performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly G. Noble
- Departments of Pediatrics,,G. H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York;,Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital of New York-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | - William P. Fifer
- Departments of Pediatrics,,Psychiatry,,New York State Psychiatric Institute, Sackler Institute for Developmental Psychobiology, New York, New York; and
| | | | - Yoko Nomura
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Howard F. Andrews
- Psychiatry,,Biostatistics, and,G. H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University, New York, New York
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32
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Slatcher RB, Trentacosta CJ. Influences of parent and child negative emotionality on young children's everyday behaviors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 12:932-42. [PMID: 22390707 DOI: 10.1037/a0027148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Negative emotionality is linked to unfavorable life outcomes, but studies have yet to examine negative emotionality of parents and children as predictors of children's problem behaviors and negative emotion word use in everyday life. This study used a novel naturalistic recording device called the Electronically Activated Recorder to investigate the separate and interactive influences of parent and child negative emotionality on daily child behaviors in a sample of 35 preschool-aged children over two time points separated by 1 year. Fathers' negative emotionality predicted children's whining at Time 1; mothers' negative emotionality predicted children's negative emotion word use at Time 1 and increases in children's arguing/fighting from Time 1 to Time 2. Parents' ratings of child negative emotionality also were associated with increases in children's arguing/fighting from Time 1 to Time 2, and child negative emotionality moderated the association between mothers' negative emotionality and children's arguing/fighting. Further, children with mothers high in negative emotionality displayed higher levels of problem behaviors when their mothers self-reported low levels of positive emotional expressiveness and/or high levels of negative emotional expressiveness. These findings offer preliminary evidence linking parent and child negative emotionality to everyday child behaviors and suggest that emotional expressiveness may play a key role in moderating the links between maternal negative emotionality and child behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Slatcher
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
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33
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Browne DT, Jenkins JM. Health across early childhood and socioeconomic status: examining the moderating effects of differential parenting. Soc Sci Med 2012; 74:1622-9. [PMID: 22459186 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2012.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Variations in parenting within the family (i.e. differential parenting) are associated with various domains of child adjustment, whereby disfavoured siblings exhibit poorer social and emotional outcomes. To date there is no research examining the effects of differential parenting on children's general health, or the way in which differential parenting interacts with socioeconomic markers to predict general health over time. The present study assessed 501 Canadian families at 2 time points separated by 18 months. Differential maternal negativity predicted worse health 18 months later. Moreover, the association between maternal education and child health was strongest when children were also exposed to high levels of differential negativity. Findings indicate that multiple forms of social disadvantage (i.e. between families and between siblings) can operate independently or in a cumulative fashion to predict health across early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dillon T Browne
- Department of Human Development and Applied Psychology, University of Toronto, 252 Bloor Street West, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1V5
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34
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Schofield TJ, Conger RD, Donnellan MB, Jochem R, Widaman KF, Conger KJ. Parent Personality and Positive Parenting as Predictors of Positive Adolescent Personality Development Over Time. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 58:255-283. [PMID: 22822287 DOI: 10.1353/mpq.2012.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the degree to which parent positive personality characteristics in terms of conscientiousness, agreeableness and emotional stability predict similar adolescent personality traits over time as well as the role played by positive parenting in this process. Mothers and fathers of 451 White adolescents (52% female, mean age = 13.59 years) were assessed on three occasions, with 2-year lags between each assessment. Parent personality and observed positive parenting both predicted 12(th) graders personality. Additionally, we found evidence for an indirect link between parent personality and later adolescent personality through positive parenting. The results suggest that parents may play a significant role in the development of adolescent personality traits that promote competence and personal well-being across the life course.
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Conger RD, Schofield TJ, Neppl TK. Intergenerational Continuity and Discontinuity in Harsh Parenting. PARENTING, SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2012; 12:222-231. [PMID: 22754400 PMCID: PMC3383029 DOI: 10.1080/15295192.2012.683360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The Family Transitions Project began in 1989 to see how rural families in Iowa were coping with the severe economic downturn in agriculture at that time. In this report we show that cohort members who were treated harshly by their parents tended to emulate these behaviors with their children. However, if they co-parented with a partner who demonstrated a warm and supportive parenting style, intergenerational continuity was disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand D. Conger
- Family Research Group, 202 Cousteau Place, Suite 100, Davis, CA 95618
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36
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Guerra NG, Graham S, Tolan PH. Raising Healthy Children: Translating Child Development Research Into Practice. Child Dev 2011; 82:7-16. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01537.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
The traditional model of translation from basic laboratory science to efficacy trials to effectiveness trials to community dissemination has flaws that arise from false assumptions that context changes little or matters little. One of the most important findings in developmental science is that context matters, but this fact is not sufficiently taken into account in many translation efforts. Studies reported in this special issue highlight both the potential of systematic interventions in parenting, peer relations, and social-cognitive skills training, and the problems that will be encountered in trying to bring these interventions to a community context. It is advocated that developmental scientists start from within the community context itself so that translation to policy is only a small step. It is also advocated that this research be conducted through rigorous community randomized controlled trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth A Dodge
- Center for Child and Family Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Trentacosta CJ, Neppl TK, Donnellan MB, Scaramella LV, Shaw DS, Conger RD. Adolescent personality as a prospective predictor of parenting: an interactionist perspective. JOURNAL OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY : JFP : JOURNAL OF THE DIVISION OF FAMILY PSYCHOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION (DIVISION 43) 2010; 24:721-730. [PMID: 21171770 PMCID: PMC3057515 DOI: 10.1037/a0021732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study examined personality during adolescence as a predictor of later parenting of toddler-aged offspring. On the basis of empirical research on the timing of parenthood and the interactionist model (Conger & Donnellan, 2007), we examined age at parenthood and family socioeconomic status (SES) as mediators of the relation between personality and parenting. Participants were 228 emerging adults from an ongoing longitudinal study of the transition to adulthood. Later entry into parenthood and higher SES accounted for the association between personality characteristics and lower levels of harsh parenting and higher levels of positive parenting. Consistent with the interactionist model, both personality characteristics and SES-linked variables were related to interpersonal processes in families. The findings suggest that promoting adaptive personality traits during childhood and adolescence may help delay early entry into parenthood, promote higher SES, and, indirectly, foster more positive parenting of young children.
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Conger RD, Conger KJ, Martin MJ. Socioeconomic Status, Family Processes, and Individual Development. JOURNAL OF MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY 2010; 72:685-704. [PMID: 20676350 PMCID: PMC2910915 DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00725.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 707] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Research during the past decade shows that social class or socioeconomic status (SES) is related to satisfaction and stability in romantic unions, the quality of parent-child relationships, and a range of developmental outcomes for adults and children. This review focuses on evidence regarding potential mechanisms proposed to account for these associations. Research findings reported during the past decade demonstrate support for an interactionist model of the relationship between SES and family life, which incorporates assumptions from both the social causation and social selection perspectives. The review concludes with recommendations for future research on SES, family processes and individual development in terms of important theoretical and methodological issues yet to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand D Conger
- Family Research Group, Human & Community Development, University of California, Davis
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Conger RD, Schofield TK, Conger KJ, Neppl TK. Economic Pressure, Parent Personality and Child Development: An Interactionist Analysis. HISTORISCHE SOZIALFORSCHUNG = HISTORICAL SOCIAL RESEARCH 2010; 35:169-194. [PMID: 21209795 PMCID: PMC3014255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The current economic downturn in the U.S. and around the world has refocused attention on the processes through which families and children are affected by economic hardship. This study examines the response to economic pressure of a cohort of youth first studied 20 years ago as adolescents and now grown to adulthood. A total of 271 of the original G2 adolescents (M age = 25.6 years) participated in the study with their young child (G3, M age = 2.31 years at the first time of assessment) and the child's other parent in 81% of the cases. Data analyses were guided by the interactionist model which proposed that positive G2 personality attributes during adolescence would predict lower economic pressure during adulthood and would diminish the negative family processes related to economic pressure expected to disrupt competent G3 development. The findings were consistent with this social selection aspect of the interactionist model. The model also predicted that economic pressure and other aspects of the related family stress process would affect G3 development net of earlier G2 personality. This social causation aspect of the interactionist model also received support. The findings suggest that the relationship between economic conditions and child development reflect a dynamic process of selection and causation that plays out over time and generations.
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