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Nasrallah GK, Chemaitelly H, Ismail AIA, Nizamuddin PB, Al-Sadeq DW, Shurrab FM, Amanullah FH, Al-Hamad TH, Mohammad KN, Alabdulmalek MA, Al Kahlout RA, Al-Shaar I, Elshaikh MA, Abouassali MN, Karimeh IW, Ali MM, Ayoub HH, Abdeen S, Abdelkarim A, Daraan F, Ismail AIHE, Mostafa N, Sahl M, Suliman J, Tayar E, Kasem HA, Agsalog MJA, Akkarathodiyil BK, Alkhalaf AA, Alakshar MMMH, Al-Qahtani AAAH, Al-Shedifat MHA, Ansari A, Ataalla AA, Chougule S, Gopinathan AKKV, Poolakundan FJ, Ranbhise SU, Saefan SMA, Thaivalappil MM, Thoyalil AS, Umar IM, Al Kuwari E, Coyle P, Jeremijenko A, Kaleeckal AH, Abdul Rahim HF, Yassine HM, Al Thani AA, Chaghoury O, Al Kuwari MG, Farag E, Bertollini R, Al Romaihi HE, Al Khal A, Al-Thani MH, Abu-Raddad LJ. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among migrant workers in Qatar. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11275. [PMID: 38760415 PMCID: PMC11101619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61725-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Limited data exist on viral hepatitis among migrant populations. This study investigated the prevalence of current hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and lifetime hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Qatar's migrant craft and manual workers (CMWs), constituting 60% of the country's population. Sera collected during a nationwide COVID-19 population-based cross-sectional survey on CMWs between July 26 and September 9, 2020, underwent testing for HBsAg and HCV antibodies. Reactive samples underwent confirmatory testing, and logistic regression analyses were employed to explore associations with HBV and HCV infections. Among 2528 specimens tested for HBV infection, 15 were reactive, with 8 subsequently confirmed positive. Three samples lacked sufficient sera for confirmatory testing but were included in the analysis through multiple imputations. Prevalence of current HBV infection was 0.4% (95% CI 0.2-0.7%). Educational attainment and occupation were significantly associated with current HBV infection. For HCV infection, out of 2607 specimens tested, 46 were reactive, and 23 were subsequently confirmed positive. Prevalence of lifetime HCV infection was 0.8% (95% CI 0.5-1.2%). Egyptians exhibited the highest prevalence at 6.5% (95% CI 3.1-13.1%), followed by Pakistanis at 3.1% (95% CI 1.1-8.0%). Nationality, geographic location, and occupation were significantly associated with lifetime HCV infection. HBV infection is relatively low among CMWs, while HCV infection falls within the intermediate range, both compared to global and regional levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Hiam Chemaitelly
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Disease Epidemiology Analytics on HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Viral Hepatitis, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed I A Ismail
- Laboratory Section, Medical Commission Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Parveen B Nizamuddin
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Farah M Shurrab
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fathima H Amanullah
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | - Reham A Al Kahlout
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahim Al-Shaar
- Laboratory Section, Medical Commission Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Manal A Elshaikh
- Laboratory Section, Medical Commission Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mazen N Abouassali
- Laboratory Section, Medical Commission Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahim W Karimeh
- Laboratory Section, Medical Commission Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mutaz M Ali
- Laboratory Section, Medical Commission Department, Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | - Houssein H Ayoub
- Mathematics Program, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mohamed Sahl
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Ministry of Public Health, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter Coyle
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queens University, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | - Hanan F Abdul Rahim
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Asmaa A Al Thani
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Laith J Abu-Raddad
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Disease Epidemiology Analytics on HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Viral Hepatitis, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha, Qatar.
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
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Golam RM, Khalil MAF, Shaker OG, Ahmed TI, Elguaad MKA, Hassan EA, El-Ansary MRM, Ismail A, Kandil YI, Mohammed OA, Doghish AS. The clinical significance of long non-coding RNAs MALAT1 and CASC2 in the diagnosis of HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303314. [PMID: 38739668 PMCID: PMC11090319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second most common cause of cancer-related death due to a lack of early predictive and/or diagnostic tools. Thus, research for a new biomarker is important. LncRNAs play a functional role in target gene regulation and their deregulation is associated with several pathological conditions including HCC. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the diagnostic potential of two LncRNAs MALAT1 and CASC2 in HCC compared to the routinely used diagnostic biomarker. MATERIALS AND METHODS The current study is a case-control study carried out at Fayoum University Hospital and conducted on 89 individuals. The study included three groups of 36 HCC patients on top of HCV(HCC/HCV), 33 HCV patients, and 20 healthy volunteers as a control group. All study subjects were subjected to radiological examinations. The determination of CBC was performed by the automated counter and liver function tests by the enzymatic method were performed. In addition, HCV RNA quantification and the expression level of two LncRNAs (MALAT1 and CASC2) were performed by qRT-PCR. RESULTS The results revealed a statistically significant difference between study groups regarding liver function tests with a higher mean in HCC/HCV group. Also, serum MALAT1 significantly up-regulated in HCV (11.2±2.8) and HCC/HCV (4.56±1.4) compared to the control group. Besides, serum CASC2 levels in the HCV group were significantly upregulated (14.9±3.6), while, downregulated in the HCC group (0.16± 0.03). Furthermore, The ROC analysis for diagnostic efficacy parameters indicated that CASC2 has higher accuracy (94.6%) and sensitivity (97.2%) for HCC diagnosis than AFP with an accuracy of (90.9%), sensitivity (69.4%), and MALAT1 showed an accuracy of (56.9%), sensitivity (72.2%). CONCLUSION Our study results indicated that CASC2 is a promising biomarker and is considered better and could help in HCC diagnosis on top of HCV than MALAT1 and the routine biomarker AFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M. Golam
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A. F. Khalil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tarek I. Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Essam A. Hassan
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud R. M. El-Ansary
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasser I. Kandil
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University–Kantara Branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Osama A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed S. Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Kinoshita M, Sato Y, Shinkawa H, Kimura K, Ohira G, Nishio K, Tanaka R, Kurihara S, Kushiyama S, Tani N, Kawaguchi T, Yamamoto A, Ishizawa T, Kubo S. Impact of Tumor Subclassifications for Identifying an Appropriate Surgical Strategy in Patients with Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2024; 31:2579-2590. [PMID: 38180706 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-14833-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is subclassified into small and large duct types. The impact of these subclassifications for identifying appropriate surgical strategies remains unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study included 118 patients with ICC who underwent liver resection. Based on the pathological examination results, the participants were divided into the small duct-type ICC group (n = 64) and large duct-type ICC group (n = 54). The clinicopathological features and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups to investigate the impact of subclassification for selecting appropriate surgical strategies. RESULTS Ten patients in the small duct-type ICC group had synchronous or metachronous hepatocellular carcinoma. The large duct-type ICC group had higher proportions of patients who underwent major hepatectomy, extrahepatic bile duct resection, portal vein resection, and lymph node sampling or dissection than the small duct-type ICC group. The large duct-type ICC group had significantly higher incidences of lymph node metastasis/recurrence and pathological major vessel invasion than the other. The small duct-type ICC group exhibited significantly higher recurrence-free and overall survival rates than the large duct-type ICC group. Further, the large duct-type ICC group had a significantly higher incidence of lymph node metastasis/recurrence than the small duct-type ICC at the perihilar region group. CONCLUSIONS Suitable surgical strategies may differ between the small and large duct-type ICCs. In patients with large duct-type ICCs, hepatectomy with lymph node dissection and/or biliary reconstruction should be considered, whereas hepatectomy without these advanced procedures can be suggested for patients with small duct-type ICCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Kinoshita
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yasunori Sato
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroji Shinkawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Kimura
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Go Ohira
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishio
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryota Tanaka
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kurihara
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kushiyama
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoki Tani
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahito Kawaguchi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akira Yamamoto
- Department of Radiology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeaki Ishizawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoji Kubo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Health Education Course, Department of Education, Faculty of Education, Shitennoji University, Habikino, Osaka, Japan
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Abu-Dayyeh I, Chemaitelly H, Ghunaim M, Hasan T, Abdelnour A, Abu-Raddad LJ. Patterns and trends of hepatitis C virus infection in Jordan: an observational study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1280427. [PMID: 38146470 PMCID: PMC10749371 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1280427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection levels in Jordan remain uncertain. No HCV national population-based survey has ever been conducted in the country. To meet the World Health Organization's target of reducing HCV incidence to ≤5 per 100,000 people per year by 2030, it is essential to determine the infection levels, identify affected individuals and populations, and provide appropriate treatment using direct-acting antivirals to individuals carrying the virus. Methods The study utilized the HCV testing database of 28,798 attendees of Biolab Diagnostic Laboratories in Jordan, covering the period from January 19, 2010, to May 26, 2023. Cross-sectional and cohort study analyses were conducted, including estimating HCV antibody (Ab) prevalence, examining associations with HCV Ab positivity, determining the HCV viremic rate, and estimating HCV incidence rate using a retrospective cohort study design. Results A total of 27,591 individuals, with a median age of 31.3 and 52.9% being females, underwent HCV Ab testing, while 1,450 individuals, with a median age of 42.2 and 32.8% being females, underwent HCV RNA PCR testing. The study sample HCV Ab prevalence was 4.0% (95% CI: 3.7-4.2%). After applying probability weights, the weighted HCV Ab prevalence was 5.8% (95% CI: 4.6-7.3%). Age was strongly associated with HCV Ab positivity, particularly among individuals aged 50 years or older, who had 10-fold higher odds of being HCV Ab positive compared to those aged 10-19 years. Males had 2.41-fold higher odds of testing positive for HCV Ab compared to females. The HCV viremic rate was 54.1% (95% CI: 43.0-65.0%). The cumulative incidence of HCV infection, after 5 years of follow-up, was estimated to be 0.41% (95% CI: 0.17-0.99%). The HCV incidence rate was calculated at 1.19 per 1,000 person-years (95% CI, 0.50-2.87). Conclusion Prevalence and incidence of HCV infection were substantial, estimated at ~5% and 1 per 1,000 person-years, respectively, and highlighting the presence of core groups actively engaged in the virus' acquisition and transmission. The high observed viremic rate indicates the need for expanding HCV treatment efforts to effectively control HCV transmission in Jordan. Utilizing quality diagnostic laboratories and innovative testing strategies is key to identifying infection carriers and facilitating linkage to treatment and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issa Abu-Dayyeh
- Department of Research and Development, Biolab Diagnostic Laboratories, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hiam Chemaitelly
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Disease Epidemiology Analytics on HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Viral Hepatitis, Weill Cornell Medicine–Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation – Education City, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mohammad Ghunaim
- Department of Research and Development, Biolab Diagnostic Laboratories, Amman, Jordan
| | - Thaer Hasan
- Department of Research and Development, Biolab Diagnostic Laboratories, Amman, Jordan
| | - Amid Abdelnour
- Department of Research and Development, Biolab Diagnostic Laboratories, Amman, Jordan
| | - Laith J. Abu-Raddad
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Disease Epidemiology Analytics on HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Viral Hepatitis, Weill Cornell Medicine–Qatar, Cornell University, Qatar Foundation – Education City, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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5
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Silva VCM, Kerr LRFS, Kendall C, Mota RS, Guimarães MDC, Leal AF, Merchan-Hamann E, Dourado I, Veras MA, de Brito AM, Pontes AK, Macena RHM, Knauth D, Lima LNGC, Cavalcante S, Camillo AC, Díaz-Bermudez XP, Oliveira LC, Magno L, Lemos MF, Compri AP, Motta-Castro ARC, Moreira RC. Hepatitis C virus prevalence among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in 12 Brazilian cities. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:705. [PMID: 37858036 PMCID: PMC10588169 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08690-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the preventive policies adopted, reduction in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among men who have sex with men (MSM) has been limited. The risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection has increased among the most vulnerable population groups, including MSM. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of HCV infection and to assess risky practices among MSM from 12 Brazilian cities. METHODS This study was carried out from June to December 2016 using respondent driven sampling (RDS). Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire to collect behavioral, socioeconomic, and demographic variables. In addition, the rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for HCV was offered. Positive results were sent to Instituto Adolfo Lutz for confirmation. RESULTS A total of 4,176 participants were recruited and 23 samples were sent for confirmation. Of these, 16 were confirmed, resulting in a prevalence of 0.7% (95% CI: 0.3%-1.7%). The Southeast region showed a prevalence of 0.9% (95% CI: 0.3-2.6), followed by the South region, with 0.6% (95% CI: 0.2-2.1). The Northeast region had a prevalence of 0.3% (95% CI: 0.1-1.0) and the Midwest 0.1% (95% CI: 0.0-0.7). No positive cases were found in the North. Single men aged 40 years or older were the majority of participants exposed to HCV. High levels of alcohol consumption, illicit drug use, irregular condom use, in addition to infection with other STIs, were associated with exposure to HCV. CONCLUSIONS STIs continue to be important health problems in Brazil and globally. Many STIs are inapparent for many years until they bring more serious consequences. Extra investment in HCV is also warranted, given that it can be eliminated. Relying solely on clinical data to provide information about inapparent infection, especially in stigmatized populations, will make that goal more difficult to achieve. Surveillance studies, such as the one reported here need to be repeated over time to demonstrate trends and to provide information for evaluation, program and policies. Investments in the most vulnerable populations are critical to achieve the World Health Organization global health goals including the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa C M Silva
- Laboratório de Hepatites, Centro de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 355 Pacaembu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lígia R F S Kerr
- Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Carl Kendall
- Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Social, Behavioral and Population Sciences, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rosa S Mota
- Departamento de Estatística e Matemática Aplicada, Universidade Federal Do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Mark Drew C Guimarães
- Medicina Preventiva e Social, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Andréa F Leal
- Departamento de Sociologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Edgar Merchan-Hamann
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Saúde Coletiva, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Inês Dourado
- Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Maria Amélia Veras
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria de Brito
- Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães, Fiocruz, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Alexandre K Pontes
- Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela Knauth
- Departamento de Medicina Social, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Laio Magno
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Do Estado da Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Marcílio F Lemos
- Laboratório de Hepatites, Centro de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 355 Pacaembu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana P Compri
- Laboratório de Hepatites, Centro de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 355 Pacaembu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Rita C Motta-Castro
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Regina C Moreira
- Laboratório de Hepatites, Centro de Virologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 355 Pacaembu, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Waked I, Alsammany S, Tirmazy SH, Rasul K, Bani-Issa J, Abdel-Razek W, Omar A, Shafik A, Eid S, Abdelaal A, Hosni A, Esmat G. Multidisciplinary consensus recommendations for management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Middle East and North Africa region. Liver Int 2023; 43:2062-2077. [PMID: 37553777 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a growing health concern projected to cross over a million cases worldwide by 2025. HCC presents a significant burden of disease in Middle East and North African (MENA) countries due to a high prevalence of risk factors such as hepatitis C and B infections and rising incidence of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In August 2022, an advisory meeting consisting of experts from 5 MENA countries was convened in an attempt to provide consensus recommendations on HCC screening, early diagnosis, current treatment modalities and unmet medical needs in the region. Data were collected from a pre-meeting survey questionnaire and responses analysed and presented during the advisory meeting. This review summarizes the evidence discussed at the meeting and provides expert recommendations on the management of HCC. The 2022 update of Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) staging and treatment strategy and its implementation in the MENA region was extensively discussed. A key consensus of the expert panel was that multidisciplinary care is crucial to effective patient management that results in better clinical outcomes and overall survival of the patient. The panel recommended the use of predictive and early response biomarkers to guide clinicians in arriving at more effective therapeutic decisions. The experts also emphasized the role of robust screening/surveillance systems, population-based registries, effective referral pathways and standardization of guidelines to ensure the successful management of HCC in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imam Waked
- Department of Medicine, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Sherif Alsammany
- Department of Medical Oncology, King Abdullah Medical City, Mecca, KSA
| | | | - Kakil Rasul
- Department of Medical Oncology, GI Unit, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jafar Bani-Issa
- Department of Interventional Radiology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Wael Abdel-Razek
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Omar
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepato-Gastroentrology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Shafik
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salem Eid
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Abdelaal
- Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hosni
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gamal Esmat
- Department of Endemic Medicine and Hepato-Gastroentrology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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7
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Hong YM, Yoon KT, Park YJ, Woo HY, Heo J. Seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in North Korean Defectors Residing in Korea. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e270. [PMID: 37644684 PMCID: PMC10462482 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the prevalence rate of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and identify the demographic, and sociological characteristics and changes in awareness of HCV infection by participating the study for North Korean defectors residing in South Korea. METHODS This study prospectively enrolled participants. Demographic, sociological and clinical data, and questionnaire surveys focused on awareness of HCV infection were collected. RESULTS In total, 211 North Korean defectors participated in this study from September 2020 until June 2021. There were 174 women (82.5%), and the overall mean age was 48.9 years (range, 20 to 80 years). Of these participants, 112 (53.1%) had immigrated to South Korea since 2011. The overall prevalence of anti-HCV antibody among North Korean defectors was 1.9%. Thirty participants (14.2%) had hepatitis B surface antigens. A huge lack of awareness regarding HCV infection has been observed among North Korean defectors. CONCLUSION This is the first prospective study to investigate the prevalence rate of HCV infection among North Korean defectors residing in South Korea. As North Korean defectors are a vulnerable group concerning HCV infection, they may benefit from HCV screening policies and educational interventions for HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Mi Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ki Tae Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Young Joo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyun Young Woo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jeong Heo
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.
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Raus de Baviera D, Ruiz-Canales A, Barrajón-Catalán E. Cistus albidus L.-Review of a Traditional Mediterranean Medicinal Plant with Pharmacological Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2988. [PMID: 37631199 PMCID: PMC10458491 DOI: 10.3390/plants12162988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Cistus albidus L. (Cistaceae) is a medicinal plant that has been used therapeutically since ancient times in the Mediterranean basin for its important pharmacological properties. The ability of C. albidus to produce large quantities of a wide range of natural metabolites makes it an attractive source of raw material. The main constituents with bioactive functions that exert pharmacological effects are terpenes and polyphenols, with more than 200 identified compounds. The purpose of this review is to offer a detailed account of the botanical, ethnological, phytochemical, and pharmacological characteristics of C. albidus with the aim of encouraging additional pharmaceutical investigations into the potential therapeutic benefits of this medicinal plant. This review was carried out using organized searches of the available literature up to July 2023. A detailed analysis of C. albidus confirms its traditional use as a medicinal plant. The outcome of several studies suggests a deeper involvement of certain polyphenols and terpenes in multiple mechanisms such as inflammation and pain, with a potential application focus on neurodegenerative diseases and disorders. Other diseases such as prostate cancer and leukemia have already been researched with promising results for this plant, for which no intoxication has been reported in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Raus de Baviera
- Department of Engineering, Area of Agroforestry, Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain; (D.R.d.B.); (A.R.-C.)
| | - Antonio Ruiz-Canales
- Department of Engineering, Area of Agroforestry, Miguel Hernández University, 03312 Orihuela, Spain; (D.R.d.B.); (A.R.-C.)
| | - Enrique Barrajón-Catalán
- Institute for Research, Development and Innovation in Health Biotechnology, Miguel Hernández University, 03202 Elche, Spain
- Department of Pharmacy, Elche University Hospital-FISABIO, 03203 Elche, Spain
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9
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Brown MG, Lindo JF, Vickers IE, Nelson K, Phillips Y, Wilson-Clarke C, Gavi S, Morse GD, Talal AH. Seroprevalence and Genotype Diversity of Hepatitis C Virus in the Caribbean-A Review. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:370. [PMID: 37505666 PMCID: PMC10385806 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C (HCV) continues to present a global public health challenge, with no vaccine available for prevention. Despite the availability of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) to cure HCV, it remains prevalent in many regions including the Caribbean. As efforts are made to eliminate HCV from the region, existing barriers, such as the high cost of DAAs and lack of an established database of HCV cases within the Caribbean, must be addressed. This review seeks to assess epidemiologic trends (seroprevalence and genotypic diversity) of HCV in the Caribbean and identify gaps in surveillance of the disease. The literature for the period 1 January 2005 to October 2022 was reviewed to gather country-specific data on HCV across the Caribbean. References were identified through indexed journals accessed through established databases using the following keywords: Caribbean, genotype distribution, and general epidemiologic characteristics. The usage pattern of HCV drugs was determined from information obtained from pharmacists across the Caribbean including Jamaica. The prevalence of HCV in the Caribbean was 1.5%; the region should therefore be considered an area of moderate HCV prevalence. The prevalence of HCV among intravenous drug users (21.9-58.8%), persons living with HIV/AIDS (0.8 to 58.5%), prisoners (32.8-64%), and men who have sex with men (MSM) (0.8-6.9%) was generally higher than in the general population (0.8-2.3%). Genotype 1 (83%) was most prevalent followed by genotypes 2 (7.2%) and 3 (2.1%), respectively. Less than 50% of countries in the Caribbean have reliable or well-curated surveillance data on HCV. Drugs currently being used for treatment of HCV infections across the Caribbean include Epclusa (sofosbuvir/velpatasvir) and Harvoni (ledipasvir/sofosbuvir). Some of these drugs are only available in the private sector and are sourced externally whenever needed. While trends point to a potentially higher prevalence of HCV, it will require well-designed random surveys to obtain better estimates of the infection seroprevalence, supported by strong public health laboratory systems. DAAs that are pan-genotypic should translate into treatments that are affordable, accessible, and available to improve cure rates and reduce the HCV burden in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle G Brown
- Department of Microbiology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - John F Lindo
- Department of Microbiology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Ivan E Vickers
- Department of Microbiology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Kereann Nelson
- Department of Microbiology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Yakima Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Cameil Wilson-Clarke
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston 7, Jamaica
| | - Samuel Gavi
- Translational Pharmacology Research Core, Center for Integrated Global Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 701 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Gene D Morse
- Translational Pharmacology Research Core, Center for Integrated Global Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 701 Ellicott Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Andrew H Talal
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 875 Ellicott Street, Suite 6089, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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10
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Dybowska D, Zarębska-Michaluk D, Rzymski P, Berak H, Lorenc B, Sitko M, Dybowski M, Mazur W, Tudrujek-Zdunek M, Janocha-Litwin J, Janczewska E, Klapaczyński J, Parfieniuk-Kowerda A, Piekarska A, Sobala-Szczygieł B, Dobrowolska K, Pawłowska M, Flisiak R. Real-world effectiveness and safety of direct-acting antivirals in hepatitis C virus patients with mental disorders. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4085-4098. [PMID: 37476581 PMCID: PMC10354581 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i25.4085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is estimated that 58 million people worldwide are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). Patients with severe psychiatric disorders could not be treated with previously available interferon-based therapies due to their unfavorable side effect profile. This has changed with the introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAA), although their real-life tolerance and effectiveness in patients with different psychiatric disorders remain to be demonstrated. AIM To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of DAA in patients with various mental illnesses. METHODS This was a retrospective observational study encompassing 14272 patients treated with DAA for chronic hepatitis C in 22 Polish hepatology centers, including 942 individuals diagnosed with a mental disorder (anxiety disorder, bipolar affective disorder, depression, anxiety-depressive disorder, personality disorder, schizophrenia, sleep disorder, substance abuse disorder, and mental illness without a specific diagnosis). The safety and effectiveness of DAA in this group were compared to those in a group without psychiatric illness (n = 13330). Antiviral therapy was considered successful if serum ribonucleic acid (RNA) of HCV was undetectable 12 wk after its completion [sustained virologic response (SVR)]. Safety data, including the incidence of adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and deaths, and the frequency of treatment modification and discontinuation, were collected during therapy and up to 12 wk after treatment completion. The entire study population was included in the intent-to-treat (ITT) analysis. Per-protocol (PP) analysis concerned patients who underwent HCV RNA evaluation 12 wk after completing treatment. RESULTS Among patients with mental illness, there was a significantly higher percentage of men, treatment-naive patients, obese, human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus-coinfected, patients with cirrhosis, and those infected with genotype 3 (GT3) while infection with GT1b was more frequent in the population without psychiatric disorders. The cure rate calculated PP was not significantly different in the two groups analyzed, with a SVR of 96.9% and 97.7%, respectively. Although patients with bipolar disorder achieved a significantly lower SVR, the multivariate analysis excluded it as an independent predictor of treatment non-response. Male sex, GT3 infection, cirrhosis, and failure of previous therapy were identified as independent negative predictors. The percentage of patients who completed the planned therapy did not differ between groups with and without mental disorders. In six patients, symptoms of mental illness (depression, schizophrenia) worsened, of which two discontinued treatments for this reason. New episodes of sleep disorders occurred significantly more often in patients with mental disorders. Patients with mental illness were more frequently lost to follow-up (4.2% vs 2.5%). CONCLUSION DAA treatment is safe and effective in HCV-infected patients with mental disorders. No specific psychiatric diagnosis lowered the chance of successful antiviral treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Dybowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz 85-030, Poland
| | - Dorota Zarębska-Michaluk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Allergology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce 25-317, Poland
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Provincial Hospital, Kielce 25-317, Poland
| | - Piotr Rzymski
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 60-806, Poland
- Integrated Science Association, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Poznań 60-806, Poland
| | - Hanna Berak
- Outpatient Clinic, Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, Warsaw 01-201, Poland
| | - Beata Lorenc
- Pomeranian Center of Infectious Diseases, Medical University, Gdańsk 80-214, Poland
| | - Marek Sitko
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University, Kraków 31-088, Poland
| | - Michał Dybowski
- Utrecht University School of Economics, Utrecht University, Utrecht 3584 EC, Netherlands
| | - Włodzimierz Mazur
- Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Chorzów 41-500, Poland
| | | | - Justyna Janocha-Litwin
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Wrocław, Wrocław 50-367, Poland
| | - Ewa Janczewska
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-007, Poland
| | - Jakub Klapaczyński
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration, Warsaw 00-241, Poland
| | - Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok 15-089, Poland
| | - Anna Piekarska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź 91-347, Poland
| | - Barbara Sobala-Szczygieł
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Silesia, Bytom 41-902, Poland
| | | | - Malgorzata Pawłowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Bydgoszcz 85-030, Poland
| | - Robert Flisiak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok 15-089, Poland
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11
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Unger JM, Till C, Hwang JP, Arnold KB, Leblanc M, Hershman DL, Ramsey SD. Risk prediction of hepatitis B or C or HIV among newly diagnosed cancer patients. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:703-711. [PMID: 36946291 PMCID: PMC10248838 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Screening for viral infection in cancer patients is inconsistent. A mechanism to readily identify cancer patients at increased risk of existing or prior viral infection could enhance screening efforts while reducing costs. METHODS We identified factors associated with increased risk of past or chronic hepatitis virus B, hepatitis virus C, or HIV infection before initiation of systemic cancer therapy. Data were from a multicenter prospective cohort study of 3051 patients with newly diagnosed cancer (SWOG-S1204) enrolled between 2013 and 2017. Patients completed a survey with questions pertaining to personal history and behavioral, socioeconomic, and demographic risk factors for viral hepatitis or HIV. We derived a risk model to predict the presence of viral infection in a random set of 60% of participants using best subset selection. The derived model was validated in the remaining 40% of participants. Logistic regression was used. RESULTS A model with 7 risk factors was identified, and a risk score with 4 levels was constructed. In the validation cohort, each increase in risk level was associated with a nearly threefold increased risk of viral positivity (odds ratio = 2.85, 95% confidence interval = 2.26 to 3.60, P < .001). Consistent findings were observed for individual viruses. Participants in the highest risk group (with >3 risk factors), comprised of 13.4% of participants, were 18 times more likely to be viral positive compared with participants with no risk factors (odds ratio = 18.18, 95% confidence interval = 8.00 to 41.3, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS A risk-stratified screening approach using a limited set of questions could serve as an effective strategy to streamline screening for individuals at increased risk of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Unger
- SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Cathee Till
- SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jessica P Hwang
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kathryn B Arnold
- SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael Leblanc
- SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
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12
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Jabin A, Uddin MF, Al Azad S, Rahman A, Tabassum F, Sarker P, Morshed AKMH, Rahman S, Raisa FF, Sakib MR, Olive AH, Islam T, Tahsin R, Ahmed SZ, Biswas P, Habiba MU, Siddiquy M, Jafary M. Target-specificity of different amyrin subunits in impeding HCV influx mechanism inside the human cells considering the quantum tunnel profiles and molecular strings of the CD81 receptor: a combined in silico and in vivo study. In Silico Pharmacol 2023; 11:8. [PMID: 36999133 PMCID: PMC10052254 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-023-00144-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
HCV is a hepatotropic RNA virus recognized for its frequent virulence and fatality worldwide. Despite many vaccine development programs underway, researchers are on a quest for natural bioactive compounds due to their multivalent efficiencies against viral infections, considering which the current research aimed to figure out the target-specificity and therapeutic potentiality of α, β, and δ subunits of amyrin, as novel bioactive components against the HCV influx mechanism. Initially, the novelty of amyrin subunits was conducted from 203 pharmacophores, comparing their in-silico pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Besides, the best active site of CD81 was determined following the quantum tunneling algorithm. The molecular dynamic simulation was conducted (100 ns) following the molecular docking steps to reveal the parameters- RMSD (Å); Cα; RMSF (Å); MolSA (Å2); Rg (nm); PSA (Å); SASA (Å2), and the MM-GBSA dG binding scores. Besides, molecular strings of CD81, along with the co-expressed genes, were classified, as responsible for encoding CD81-mediated protein clusters during HCV infection, resulting in the potentiality of amyrins as targeted prophylactics in HCV infection. Finally, in vivo profiling of the oxidative stress marker, liver-specific enzymes, and antioxidant markers was conducted in the DMN-induced mice model, where β-amyrin scored the most significant values in all aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Jabin
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Fahim Uddin
- grid.413273.00000 0001 0574 8737College of Material Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018 Zhejiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Salauddin Al Azad
- grid.258151.a0000 0001 0708 1323Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Ashfaque Rahman
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Fawzia Tabassum
- grid.412506.40000 0001 0689 2212Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114 Bangladesh
| | - Pritthy Sarker
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - A K M Helal Morshed
- grid.207374.50000 0001 2189 3846Pathology and Pathophysiology Major, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450001 Henan Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Samiur Rahman
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Fatima Fairuz Raisa
- grid.52681.380000 0001 0746 8691Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Brac University, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Musfiqur Rahman Sakib
- grid.449329.10000 0004 4683 9733Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100 Bangladesh
| | - Abeer Hasan Olive
- grid.442996.40000 0004 0451 6987Department of Pharmacy, East West University, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Tabassum Islam
- grid.442996.40000 0004 0451 6987Department of Computer Science and Engineering, East West University, Dhaka, 1212 Bangladesh
| | - Ramisha Tahsin
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Shahlaa Zernaz Ahmed
- grid.443020.10000 0001 2295 3329Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229 Bangladesh
| | - Partha Biswas
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408 Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Umme Habiba
- Data Science Research Unit, RPG Interface Lab, Jashore, 7400 Bangladesh
| | - Mahbuba Siddiquy
- grid.258151.a0000 0001 0708 1323State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122 Jiangsu Province People’s Republic of China
| | - Maryam Jafary
- grid.411705.60000 0001 0166 0922Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1416634793 Iran
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13
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Albarrak J, Al-Shamsi H. Current Status of Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in The Gulf Region: Challenges and Recommendations. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072001. [PMID: 37046662 PMCID: PMC10093592 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The burden of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is on the rise in the Gulf region, with most patients being diagnosed in the intermediate or advanced stages. Surgery is a treatment option for only a few, and the majority of patients receive either locoregional treatment (percutaneous ethanol injection, radiofrequency ablation, transarterial chemoembolization [TACE], radioembolization, radiotherapy, or transarterial radioembolization) or systemic therapy (for those ineligible for locoregional treatments or who do not benefit from TACE). The recent emergence of novel immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors has begun to change the landscape of systemic HCC treatment in the Gulf. The combination of atezolizumab and bevacizumab is currently the preferred first-line therapy in patients not at risk of bleeding. Additionally, the HIMALAYA trial has demonstrated the superiority of the durvalumab plus tremelimumab combination (STRIDE regimen) therapy in efficacy and safety compared with sorafenib in patients with unresectable HCC. However, there is a lack of data on post-progression treatment after first-line therapy with either atezolizumab plus bevacizumab or durvalumab plus tremelimumab regimens, highlighting the need for better-designed studies for improved management of patients with unresectable HCC in the Gulf region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasem Albarrak
- Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Sabah Health Region, Kuwait City 8WF3+WR8, Kuwait;
| | - Humaid Al-Shamsi
- Burjeel Medical City- Burjeel Holding, Abu Dhabi 92510, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Emirates Oncology Society, Dubai 22107, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence:
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14
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Rodprasert N, Hongboontry T, Cherdchoochart C, Chaiteerakij R. Association between Liver Stiffness and Liver-Related Events in HCV-Infected Patients after Successful Treatment with Direct-Acting Antivirals. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59030602. [PMID: 36984603 PMCID: PMC10053469 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) are highly effective for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but the risk of liver-related events and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains after successful therapy. We aimed to evaluate post-treatment changes in liver stiffness (LS) and identify a cut-off LS value for predicting such events in chronic HCV-infected patients receiving DAA. Materials and Methods: A total of 185 patients who had achieved sustained virologic response (SVR) after DAA therapy were included. Baseline characteristics and laboratory results were retrospectively abstracted. LS was measured by transient elastography at baseline, 12, 24, 48, and 96 weeks after SVR. FIB-4 index was assessed at baseline and 48 weeks after SVR. Development of liver-related events (hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), portal-hypertension-related decompensation, listing for transplantation, and mortality) after SVR were identified. The association between liver fibrosis and the occurrence of liver-related events was analyzed using Cox regression analysis. Results: Significant differences in LS values were observed between baseline and 24, 48, 72, and 96 weeks after SVR. FIB-4 index at 48 weeks after SVR was significantly lower than the FIB-4 index at baseline. During the 41.6-month follow-up time, the incidence rates of all liver-related events and HCC were 2.36 and 1.17 per 100 person-years, respectively. Age, LS ≥8 kPa, and FIB-4 ≥1.35 at 48 weeks post-SVR were significantly associated with the occurrence of any liver-related events. By multivariate analysis, LS ≥8 kPa at 48 weeks post-SVR remained significantly associated with any liver-related events, with an adjusted hazard ratio (95%CI) of 5.04 (1.01-25.26), p = 0.049. Conclusions: Despite a significant reduction in LS after SVR, patients with LS ≥8 kPa at 48 weeks after SVR should be regularly monitored for liver-related complications, particularly HCC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Napas Rodprasert
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tinn Hongboontry
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Roongruedee Chaiteerakij
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Innovation and Endoscopy in Gastrointestinal Oncology, Division of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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15
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Velasco-de Andrés M, Muñoz-Sánchez G, Carrillo-Serradell L, Gutiérrez-Hernández MDM, Català C, Isamat M, Lozano F. Chimeric antigen receptor-based therapies beyond cancer. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250184. [PMID: 36649259 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) therapies have gained renewed interest in the field of immunotherapy following the advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology. This immunological breakthrough requires immune cell engineering with an artificial surface protein receptor for antigen-specific recognition coupled to an intracellular protein domain for cell activating functions. CAR-based ACT has successfully solved some hematological malignancies, and it is expected that other tumors may soon benefit from this approach. However, the potential of CAR technology is such that other immune-mediated disorders are beginning to profit from it. This review will focus on CAR-based ACT therapeutic areas other than oncology such as infection, allergy, autoimmunity, transplantation, and fibrotic repair. Herein, we discuss the results and limitations of preclinical and clinical studies in that regard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillermo Muñoz-Sánchez
- Servei d'Immunologia, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Cristina Català
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marcos Isamat
- Sepsia Therapeutics S.L., L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Francisco Lozano
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Servei d'Immunologia, Centre de Diagnòstic Biomèdic, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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16
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Liu X, Wang L, Liang CH, Lu YP, Yang T, Zhang X. An enhanced methodology for predicting protein-protein interactions between human and hepatitis C virus via ensemble learning algorithms. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:10592-10602. [PMID: 34251992 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1946429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is responsible for a variety of human life-threatening diseases, which include liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) . Computational study of protein-protein interactions between human and HCV could boost the findings of antiviral drugs in HCV therapy and might optimize the treatment procedures for HCV infections. In this analysis, we constructed a prediction model for protein-protein interactions between HCV and human by incorporating the features generated by pseudo amino acid compositions, which were then carried out at two levels: categories and features. In brief, extra-tree was initially used for feature selection while SVM was then used to build the classification model. After that, the most suitable models for each category and each feature were selected by comparing with the three ensemble learning algorithms, that is, Random Forest, Adaboost, and Xgboost. According to our results, profile-based features were more suitable for building predictive models among the four categories. AUC value of the model constructed by Xgboost algorithm on independent data set could reach 92.66%. Moreover, Distance-based Residue, Physicochemical Distance Transformation and Profile-based Physicochemical Distance Transformation performed much better among the 17 features. AUC value of the Adaboost classifier constructed by Profile-based Physicochemical Distance Transformation on the independent dataset achieved 93.74%. Taken together, we proposed a better model with improved prediction capacity for protein-protein interactions between human and HCV in this study, which could provide practical reference for further experimental investigation into HCV-related diseases in future.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng-Hao Liang
- School of Life Science, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ya-Ping Lu
- College of Computer Science and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medical Informatics and Engineering, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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17
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Development of instant tea from Cymbopogon citrates, Zingiber officinale and moringa oleifera extracts. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01734-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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18
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Shehata GA, Ahmed GK, Hassan EA, Rehim ASEDA, Mahmoud SZ, Masoud NA, Seifeldein GS, Hassan WA, Aboshaera KO. Impact of direct-acting antivirals on neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive dysfunction in chronic hepatitis C patients. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41983-022-00568-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with psychiatric and cognitive dysfunctions. We aimed to investigate depression, anxiety, and cognitive function of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients before and after treatment with direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Forty CHC patients (20 non-cirrhotic and 20 cirrhotic) who had undergone DAA treatment in our outpatient clinic and ten controls. We administered the Hospital Anxiety and Depression questionnaires to measure the anxiety and depression symptoms and the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instruments (CASI) to measure the cognitive function at the beginning and 3 months after the end of the treatment.
Results
Sustained virological response (SVR) was achieved in all patients. Post-treatment anxiety and depression scores showed a significant improvement than pre-treatment ones in CHC patients. Regarding CASI, before and after the treatment, a statistical significance was found in short-term memory (P = 0.001), concentration (P = 0.033), abstract thinking and judgment (P = 0.024), total (P = 0.001) in non-cirrhotic, Also, an improvement was seen in long-term memory (P = 0.015), short-term memory (P < 0.001), concentration (P = 0.024) and total (P = 0.01) in cirrhotic. However, these changes were still impaired in post-treated cirrhotic compared to controls.
Conclusions
CHC patients' anxiety, depression, and cognitive function partially improved after DAA therapy. Besides, improving the status of CHC, reversibility of cognitive dysfunction in non-cirrhotic patients may indicate the importance of treatment in early stages of liver disease.
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Characterizing trends and associations for hepatitis C virus antibody prevalence in the Middle East and North Africa: meta-regression analyses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20637. [PMID: 36450850 PMCID: PMC9712517 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25086-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study characterized population-level trends and associations with hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody (Ab) prevalence in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Data source was the standardized and systematically gathered MENA HCV Epidemiology Synthesis Project Database. Random-effects univariable and multivariable meta-regressions were conducted. 2,621 HCV Ab prevalence measures on 49,824,108 individuals were analyzed. In the analysis including all populations, 71% of the variation in prevalence was explained, mostly by at-risk population type. Compared to the general population, prevalence was 23-fold higher among people who inject drugs, and 14-fold higher among high-risk clinical populations. In the analysis including only the general population, 67% of the variation in prevalence was explained, mostly by country/subregion. Compared to Afghanistan, prevalence was highest in Egypt and Pakistan. Prevalence in the general population was declining at a rate of 4% per year, but outside the general population, the decline was at only 1% per year. HCV Ab prevalence in MENA is declining rapidly, but this decline is largely occurring in the general population following introduction of blood and injection safety measures. The decline in populations at higher risk of exposure is slow and below the level needed to achieve HCV elimination by 2030.
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20
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Kumada T, Toyoda H, Yasuda S, Ito T, Tsuji K, Fujioka S, Hiraoka A, Kariyama K, Nouso K, Ishikawa T, Tamai T, Tada T, Tanaka J. Factors linked to hepatocellular carcinoma development beyond 10 years after viral eradication in patients with hepatitis C virus. J Viral Hepat 2022; 29:919-929. [PMID: 35790055 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients whose duration of sustained virological response (SVR) is over 10 years are not fully understood. We compared the incidence of HCC development within and beyond 10 years after SVR. A total of 1384 patients who achieved SVR (714, interferon-based therapy; 670, direct-acting antiviral therapy) were enrolled. Factors associated with HCC development were analysed within and beyond 10 years after SVR by Cox proportional hazards models. The annual incidence rates of HCC development were 0.568% within 10 years after SVR and 0.190% beyond 10 years, and there was a significant difference in the incidence of HCC development between the 2 periods (p = 0.0242, log-rank test). Male gender (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 2.930; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.508-5.693, p = 0.0015), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score > 3.25 (aHR 4.364; 95%CI 2.206-8.633, p < 0.0001) and alpha-fetoprotein ≥5.0 ng/ml (aHR 2.381; 95%CI 1.325-4.280, p = 0.0037) were independently associated with HCC development within 10 years after SVR. Male gender (aHR 4.702; 95%CI 1.366-16.190, p = 0.0141), presence of diabetes mellitus (aHR 2.933; 95%CI 1.240-6.935, p = 0.0143) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) ≥ 56 U/l (aHR 4.157; 95%CI 1.400-12.350, p = 0.0103) were independently associated with HCC development beyond 10 years after SVR. The incidence of HCC development beyond 10 years after SVR was very low, and the associated factors were mainly extrahepatic, including DM and elevated GGT. Annual routine check-ups with abdominal ultrasound may be sufficient for such patients. (242 words).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hidenori Toyoda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Japan
| | - Takanori Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Tsuji
- Center of Gastroenterology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Fujioka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama Saiseikai General Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hiraoka
- Gastroenterology Center, Ehime Prefectural Central Hospital, Matsuyama, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kariyama
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nouso
- Department of Gastroenterology, Okayama City Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toru Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saiseikai Niigata Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tamai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kagoshima City Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Tada
- Department of Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Himeji Hospital, Himeji, Japan
| | - Junko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology, Infectious Disease Control, and Prevention, Hiroshima University Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Rajewski P, Zarębska-Michaluk D, Janczewska E, Gietka A, Mazur W, Tudrujek-Zdunek M, Tomasiewicz K, Belica-Wdowik T, Baka-Ćwierz B, Dybowska D, Halota W, Lorenc B, Sitko M, Garlicki A, Berak H, Horban A, Orłowska I, Simon K, Socha Ł, Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska M, Jaroszewicz J, Deroń Z, Czauż-Andrzejuk A, Citko J, Krygier R, Piekarska A, Laurans Ł, Dobracki W, Białkowska J, Tronina O, Wietlicka-Piszcz M, Pawłowska M, Flisiak R. Hepatitis C Infection as a Risk Factor for Hypertension and Cardiovascular Diseases: An EpiTer Multicenter Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:5193. [PMID: 36079122 PMCID: PMC9456581 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C infection is one of the main reasons for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, more and more is being heard about extrahepatic manifestations of the hepatitis C infection including its possible influence on the development of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. In the given work, the frequency analysis of the incidence of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases among 2898 HCV-infected patients treated in Poland and the assessment of their relevance to the HCV genotype and the progression of liver fibrosis can be found. The prevalence of hypertension in the group of analyzed patients was 39% and was significantly associated with old age (OR = 1.08 (1.07-1.08)) and female sex, as well as the progression of liver fibrosis (OR = 1.54 (1.29-1.85)). Hypertension was found in 47.6% of patients with F4 fibrosis, 42.1% of patients with F3 fibrosis, and 25% of patients with F1 fibrosis. The incidence of cardiovascular disease in the studied group of patients was as follows: all incidents, 131 (4.52%); including ischemic heart disease 104, (3.95%); stroke, 2 (0.07%); atherosclerosis, 21 (0.72%); and aneurysms, 4 (0.14%). The obtained results prove that the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is significantly associated with the advanced age of patients and the progression of liver fibrosis. The relevance of sex and the HCV genotype to the prevalence frequency of cardiovascular diseases in the study group has not been proven. This being the case, no differences in the frequency of their incidence depending on the HCV genotype, including genotype 3, was found. Hepatitis C infection as a non-classical risk factor for cardiovascular disease and hypertension does require further studying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Rajewski
- Department of Internal and Infectious Diseases, Provincial Infectious Disease Hospital, 85-030 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dorota Zarębska-Michaluk
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Voivodship Hospital and Jan Kochanowski University, 25-369 Kielce, Poland
| | - Ewa Janczewska
- Hepatology Outpatient Clinic, ID Clinic, 41-400 Mysłowice, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gietka
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Administration, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Mazur
- Clinical Department of Infectious Diseases, Specialist Hospital in Chorzów, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Tudrujek-Zdunek
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Tomasiewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Teresa Belica-Wdowik
- Regional Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Viral Hepatitis and Hepatology, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Baka-Ćwierz
- Regional Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Viral Hepatitis and Hepatology, John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Dybowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Waldemar Halota
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Beata Lorenc
- Pomeranian Center of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marek Sitko
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, 30-252 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksander Garlicki
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Jagiellonian University Collegium Medicum, 30-252 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hanna Berak
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Horban
- Hospital for Infectious Diseases in Warsaw, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Orłowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Simon
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Wrocław Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Socha
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Wawrzynowicz-Syczewska
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jerzy Jaroszewicz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Deroń
- Ward of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Biegański Regional Specialist Hospital, 91-347 Łódź, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Czauż-Andrzejuk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
| | - Jolanta Citko
- Medical Practice of Infections, Regional Hospital, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Rafał Krygier
- Infectious Diseases and Hepatology Outpatient Clinic NZOZ “Gemini”, 62-571 Żychlin, Poland
| | - Anna Piekarska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Łódź, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
| | - Łukasz Laurans
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-204 Szczecin, Poland
- Multidisciplinary Regional Hospital in Gorzów Wielkopolski, 66-400 Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
| | | | - Jolanta Białkowska
- Department of Infectious and Liver Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, 90-419 Łódź, Poland
| | - Olga Tronina
- Department of Transplantation Medicine, Nephrology, and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wietlicka-Piszcz
- Department of Theoretical Fundations of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pawłowska
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Robert Flisiak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Hepatology, Medical University of Białystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
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22
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Mangrio GR, Maneengam A, Khalid Z, Jafar TH, Chanihoon GQ, Nassani R, Unar A. RP-HPLC Method Development, Validation, and Drug Repurposing of Sofosbuvir Pharmaceutical Dosage Form: A Multidimensional Study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113282. [PMID: 35487258 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A smooth, exceptionally sensitive, correct, and extra reproducible RP-HPLC technique was developed and demonstrated to estimate Sofosbuvir (SOF) in pharmaceutical dosage formulations. This process was carried out by Agilent High-Pressure Liquid Chromatograph 1260 with GI311C Quat. Pump, Phenomenex Luna C-18 (150 mm × 4.6 mm × 5 μm) (USA), and Photodiode Array Detector (PDA) G1315D. The cell section, including acetonitrile and methanol with 80:20 v/v and solution (B) 0.1% phosphoric acid (40:60), was used for the study. However, 10 μL of the sample was injected with a drift flow of 1 mL/min. The separation occurred at a column temperature of 30 °C, and the eluents used PDA set at 260 nm. The retention time of SOF was 5 min. The calibration curve was modified linearly within the range of 0.05-0.15 mg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.99 and genuine linear dating among top vicinity and consciousness in the calibration curve. The detection and quantification restrictions were 0.001 and 0.003 mg/mL, respectively. SOF recovery from pharmaceutical components ranged from 98% to 99%. The percentage assay of SOF was 99%. Analytical validation parameters, such as specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, and selectivity, were studied, and the percentage relative standard deviation (%RSD) was less than 2%. All other key parameters were observed within the desired thresholds. Hence, the proposed RP-HPLC technique was proven effective for developing SOF in bulk and pharmaceutical pill dosage forms. SOF was found to interact with SARS-COV-2 nsp12, and molecular docking results revealed its high affinity and firm binding within the active site groove of nsp12. The key interacting residues include; LYS-72, GLN-75, MET-80 ALA-99, ASN-99, TRP-100, TYR-101 with ASN-99 and TRP-100 forming hydrogen bonds. Molecular Dynamics simulation of SOF and nsp12 complex elucidated that the system was stable throughout 20ns. Therefore, this drug repurposing strategy for SOF can be used for treating COVID-19 infections by performing animal experiments and accurate clinical trials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Apichit Maneengam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology, College of Industrial Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Wongsawang, Bangsue, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand
| | - Zunera Khalid
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, PR China
| | | | - Ghulam Qadir Chanihoon
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76090, Pakistan
| | - Rayan Nassani
- Center for Computational Biology, Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Ahsanullah Unar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, PR China.
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23
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Kumalo A, Teklu T, Demisse T, Anjulo A. Undiagnosed Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and C Virus Infections in the Community of Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. HEPATIC MEDICINE : EVIDENCE AND RESEARCH 2022; 14:111-122. [PMID: 35971532 PMCID: PMC9375552 DOI: 10.2147/hmer.s374029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite Ethiopia’s hepatitis endemic status with intermediate to hyperendemic level, there is no national strategy for monitoring, preventing, and controlling viral hepatitis. In order to advise community-based intervention programs, studies on the magnitude, determinant factors, and understanding of indigenous social organization are important. Thus, this study examined undiagnosed seroprevalence and associated factors for HBV and HCV infections among community members in Wolaita Zone, Southern Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 individuals from randomly selected two woredas in the Wolaita Zone to determine the magnitude of HBV and HCV. Multistage sampling was used to select participants. Relevant clinical and sociodemographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire. One test strip technique was used for the screening of hepatitis B surface antigen and for antibodies against HCV. Both tests were confirmed by ELISA methods. The associated factors were assessed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The seroprevalence for HBV infection was 6.6% (95% CI: 4.22%, 8.69%) using a one-step HBsAg test strip and 5.6% (95% CI: 3.47%, 8.58%) using confirmatory test (ELISA). The two tests had a very good agreement (K = 0.918; SE = 0.047; P < 0.001). The overall seroprevalence for HCV infection was 1.9% (95% CI: 0.9%, 3.0%). All four of the one-step HCV test strip positives were also positive by ELISA. One (0.3%) of the participants was co-infected with HBV and HCV. Hospital admission (AOR = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.5–0.95) and needle stick (AOR = 0.15; 95% CI = 0.07–0.72) were independently associated with HBV infections. Conclusion According to the current study, in Wolaita community, there is endemic to HBV at a higher-intermediate level and to HCV at a low level. It would be imperative to increase awareness of transmission modes and prevention of infection, as well as vaccination, in order to reduce the burden of both HBV and HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abera Kumalo
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Takele Teklu
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Tigistu Demisse
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Abebe Anjulo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Wolaita Sodo Blood Bank, Sodo, Ethiopia
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24
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Jiang Y, Zhou L. Association between chronic hepatitis C infection and metabolic syndrome: A meta-analysis. NUTR CLIN METAB 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Liver Diseases in Latin America: Current Status, Unmet Needs, and Opportunities for Improvement. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN GASTROENTEROLOGY 2022; 20:261-278. [PMID: 35729970 PMCID: PMC9202671 DOI: 10.1007/s11938-022-00382-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purpose of review
To assess the current challenges regarding liver diseases, including the burden of disease, access to care, screening, and treatment needs in Latin America. Recent findings Latin America is a region with a rich multicultural heritage and important socioeconomic differences. The burden of liver diseases is high and mainly determined by a high level of alcohol intake and the surge of risk factors associated with NAFLD (i.e., sedentary lifestyles, broader access to highly processed foods, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus). Hepatotropic viruses also play a role in the development of chronic liver diseases, although their comparative frequency has been decreasing over the last decades. There are important disparities in access to screening and treatment for liver diseases in Latin America, which are reflected in low access to critical treatments such as direct-acting antiviral agents and drugs to treat hepatocellular carcinoma. Also, important barriers to liver transplantation are present in multiple countries, including a low deceased donors’ rate and a lack of availability in several countries (especially in Central America). Our region also has disadvantages in research and education in liver diseases, which limits regional academic development and improvement in quality of care of liver diseases. Summary In order to tackle an increasing health burden due to liver diseases, Latin America urgently needs tailored interventions aiming to control the main risk factors for these disorders through the establishment of effective public health policies. Also, development of liver transplantation programs and improvement of medical education and research capabilities as well as extensive collaboration between all stakeholders are keys to address the liver disease agenda in the region.
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26
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Wang Z, Zhou Y, Yu P, Liu Y, Mei M, Bian Z, Shao W, Lv J, Li X, Lu W, Xu L. Retrospective Evaluation of Non-Invasive Assessment Based on Routine Laboratory Markers for Assessing Advanced Liver Fibrosis in Chronic Hepatitis B Patients. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:5159-5171. [PMID: 35642202 PMCID: PMC9148603 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s364216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At present, there is a lack of cheap, effective and convenient detection methods for hepatitis B-related liver fibrosis, especially in the developing area. Aim To evaluate the non-invasive methods for the significant and advanced fibrosis stage in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients in basic hospitals and to assess their diagnostic utility. Methods The study included 436 consecutive naive HBV individuals who had their livers biopsied. They were examined in one week using aspartate aminotransferase-to-aspartate aminotransferase ratio (AAR), age-platelet index (API), aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), Forns, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-platelet ratio (GPR), S-index and transient elastography (TE). Scheuer scoring system was used to determine the histologic fibrosis grades (S0–S4). The diagnostic effectiveness was assessed using AUROCs and the DeLong test, both of which were based on statistical comparisons. Results For both substantial (≧S2) and advanced (≧S3) fibrosis phases, TE had good diagnostic performance in determining the hepatic fibrosis. Similar diagnostic performance was shown with Forns and S-index when it came to detecting fibrosis stages lower than S3. One model’s diagnostic value was not significantly improved by combining serum models. Correlation coefficients between clinical features and fibrosis phases were greatest for Forns (r = 0.397), S-index (r = 0.382) and TE (r = 0.535) when compared to other variables. Conclusion This investigation showed that Forns and S-index may be helpful strategies for detecting advanced fibrosis in HBV patients admitted to community hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghe Zhou
- Ultrasound department, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Liver Diseases, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengzhi Yu
- Ultrasound department, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Liver Diseases, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonggang Liu
- Tianjin Research Institute of Liver Diseases, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
- Pathology Department, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin, 300350, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Bian
- Ultrasound department, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Shao
- Ultrasound department, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinxia Lv
- Ultrasound department, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Ultrasound department, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Research Institute of Liver Diseases, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Wei Lu; Liang Xu, Email ;
| | - Liang Xu
- Tianjin Research Institute of Liver Diseases, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Hepatology, Tianjin Second People’s Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, People’s Republic of China
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Global change in hepatitis C virus prevalence and cascade of care between 2015 and 2020: a modelling study. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 7:396-415. [PMID: 35180382 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(21)00472-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the release of the first global hepatitis elimination targets in 2016, and until the COVID-19 pandemic started in early 2020, many countries and territories were making progress toward hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination. This study aims to evaluate HCV burden in 2020, and forecast HCV burden by 2030 given current trends. METHODS This analysis includes a literature review, Delphi process, and mathematical modelling to estimate HCV prevalence (viraemic infection, defined as HCV RNA-positive cases) and the cascade of care among people of all ages (age ≥0 years from birth) for the period between Jan 1, 2015, and Dec 31, 2030. Epidemiological data were collected from published sources and grey literature (including government reports and personal communications) and were validated among country and territory experts. A Markov model was used to forecast disease burden and cascade of care from 1950 to 2050 for countries and territories with data. Model outcomes were extracted from 2015 to 2030 to calculate population-weighted regional averages, which were used for countries or territories without data. Regional and global estimates of HCV prevalence, cascade of care, and disease burden were calculated based on 235 countries and territories. FINDINGS Models were built for 110 countries or territories: 83 were approved by local experts and 27 were based on published data alone. Using data from these models, plus population-weighted regional averages for countries and territories without models (n=125), we estimated a global prevalence of viraemic HCV infection of 0·7% (95% UI 0·7-0·9), corresponding to 56·8 million (95% UI 55·2-67·8) infections, on Jan 1, 2020. This number represents a decrease of 6·8 million viraemic infections from a 2015 (beginning of year) prevalence estimate of 63·6 million (61·8-75·8) infections (0·9% [0·8-1·0] prevalence). By the end of 2020, an estimated 12·9 million (12·5-15·4) people were living with a diagnosed viraemic infection. In 2020, an estimated 641 000 (623 000-765 000) patients initiated treatment. INTERPRETATION At the beginning of 2020, there were an estimated 56·8 million viraemic HCV infections globally. Although this number represents a decrease from 2015, our forecasts suggest we are not currently on track to achieve global elimination targets by 2030. As countries recover from COVID-19, these findings can help refocus efforts aimed at HCV elimination. FUNDING John C Martin Foundation, Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, ZeShan Foundation, and The Hepatitis Fund.
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Synthesis and Applications of Nitrogen-Containing Heterocycles as Antiviral Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092700. [PMID: 35566055 PMCID: PMC9101374 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses have been a long-term source of infectious diseases that can lead to large-scale infections and massive deaths. Especially with the recent highly contagious coronavirus (COVID-19), antiviral drugs were developed nonstop to deal with the emergence of new viruses and subject to drug resistance. Nitrogen-containing heterocycles have compatible structures and properties with exceptional biological activity for the drug design of antiviral agents. They provided a broad spectrum of interference against viral infection at various stages, from blocking early viral entry to disrupting the viral genome replication process by targeting different enzymes and proteins of viruses. This review focused on the synthesis and application of antiviral agents derived from various nitrogen-containing heterocycles, such as indole, pyrrole, pyrimidine, pyrazole, and quinoline, within the last ten years. The synthesized scaffolds target HIV, HCV/HBV, VZV/HSV, SARS-CoV, COVID-19, and influenza viruses.
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Youssef SS, Abbas EAER, Youness RA, Elemeery MN, Nasr AS, Seif S. PNPLA3 and IL 28B signature for predicting susceptibility to chronic hepatitis C infection and fibrosis progression. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:483-489. [PMID: 31793339 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1694039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Association studies identified genetic polymorphisms as predictive risk factors of rapid fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis C (CHC). This study aims to assess the impact of IL28B rs8099917 polymorphism on CHC genotype 4 (G4) susceptibility and liver fibrosis progression individually; and in combination with PNPLA3 rs738409. PATIENTS AND METHODS IL28B rs8099917 and PNPLA3 rs738409 were genotyped in 150 Egyptian CHC patients and 175 healthy controls using real-time PCR. RESULTS IL28B rs8099917 genotype distribution significantly differs in healthy individuals versus CHC patients (p = .018); and in low versus advanced fibrosis IL28B (p = .013). The haplotype CC -GG (PNPLA3-IL28B) is considered a high-risk signature for susceptibility to CHC infection. Similarly, GG-GG (PNPLA3-IL28B) is considered a high-risk signature for higher degree of fibrosis. CONCLUSION IL28B rs8099917 and PNPLA3 rs738409 introduce genetic signature to identify patients at higher risk for CHC susceptibility and fibrosis progression in CHC G4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Samir Youssef
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Eman Abd El Razek Abbas
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Rana Ahmed Youness
- Pharmaceutical Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Moustafa Nouh Elemeery
- Microbial Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
- Département de Neurosciences, CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Amal Soliman Nasr
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sameh Seif
- National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo, Egypt
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Serum Folate deficiency in HCV related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5025. [PMID: 35322130 PMCID: PMC8943167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional and environmental factors had been reporting in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we focused our intervention in the correlation between the folate status and the progression of HCC in patients with chronic virus C (HCV) infection. Nine-eight patients, HCV positive with HCC and one hundred of patients with HCV positive liver cirrhosis (LC) and one hundred patients with HCV positive chronic hepatitis (CHC) and one hundred control subjects were enrolled. The viremia for hepatitis C patients (HCV) was determined by HCV RNA with polymerase chain reaction. HCV was confirmed by HCV RNA or a positive anti-HCV test with chronic liver disease. The comparison of folate serum levels in HCC patients vs Liver Cirrhosis (LC) patients showed a significant decrease of 1.16 ng/ml P = 0.0006 (95% CI-1.925 to − 0.395), in HCC patients versus CHC a decrease of 1.40 ng/ml P < 0.0001 (95% CI-2.16 to − 0.63), in HCC vs controls a decrease of 3.80 ng/ml P < 0.0001 (95% CI-4.56 to − 3.03). The comparison of homocysteine Hcy serum levels showed a significant increase in HCC vs LC of 4 nmol/L (P < 0.0001, 95% CI 2.77 to 5.22) versus CHC of 9 nmol/L (P < 0.0001, 95% CI 7.78 to 10.22) and vs Controls 9.30 nmol/L (P < 0.0001, 95% CI 8.07 to 10.52). With progression of HCV infection from chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis, then to HCC development, serum folate levels are progressively decreasing together with a progressive increase in serum homocysteine levels reflecting its role in disease progress and carcinogenesis.
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Su X, Zheng L, Zhang H, Shen T, Liu Y, Hu X. Secular Trends of Acute Viral Hepatitis Incidence and Mortality in China, 1990 to 2019 and Its Prediction to 2030: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:842088. [PMID: 35360747 PMCID: PMC8962367 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.842088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding the patterns and trends in the context of both incidence and mortality and anticipating future trends is important for viral hepatitis prevention, treatment, and guiding resource allocation in China. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive temporal analysis of acute viral hepatitis and its type using the most updated data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2019) to estimate the incidence and mortality of hepatitis from 1990 to 2019 and make predictions to 2030. Methods The age-standardized incidence (ASIR) and mortality rate (ASMR) of viral hepatitis in China were obtained from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD 2019). Trends of ASIR and ASMR for viral hepatitis were plotted using locally weighted regression (LOESS). We used joinpoint regression analysis to detect temporal changes and estimate the annual percent of change (APC) of each trend segment and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). A Bayesian age-period-cohort analysis was employed to describe ASIR and ASMR trends between 1990 and 2019 and projections to 2030. Results In 1990, there were 67 million incident cases of acute viral hepatitis, which then decreased to 47 million incidence cases in 2019. Hepatitis A and hepatitis B account for the majority of acute viral hepatitis, and the most pronounced declines in hepatitis B (−48.7%) and hepatitis C (−39.0%) were observed between 1990 and 2019. The ASIR of overall acute viral hepatitis shows a persistent decline, with an average annual percent of change (AAPC) of −1.9% (95% CI: −1.9, −1.8) between 1990 and 2019. The trend of ASMR demonstrated a rapid decline between 1990 and 2005, followed by a slow decline until 2030. Conclusion Our study reveals favorable declining trends of incidence and mortality for acute viral hepatitis in China from 1990 and 2019, and these favorable trends are predicted to continue up to 2030. Despite the favorable trends observed, the absolute number of viral hepatitis, especially hepatitis A and B, is still substantial in China. A scaled-up vaccine campaign is still needed to tackle the large number of vaccine preventable hepatitis infections.
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van der Kolk MR, Jansen MACH, Rutjes FPJT, Blanco-Ania D. CYCLOBUTANES IN SMALL MOLECULE DRUG CANDIDATES. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202200020. [PMID: 35263505 PMCID: PMC9314592 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Cyclobutanes are increasingly used in medicinal chemistry in the search for relevant biological properties. Important characteristics of the cyclobutane ring include its unique puckered structure, longer C−C bond lengths, increased C−C π‐character and relative chemical inertness for a highly strained carbocycle. This review will focus on contributions of cyclobutane rings in drug candidates to arrive at favorable properties. Cyclobutanes have been employed for improving multiple factors such as preventing cis/trans‐isomerization by replacing alkenes, replacing larger cyclic systems, increasing metabolic stability, directing key pharmacophore groups, inducing conformational restriction, reducing planarity, as aryl isostere and filling hydrophobic pockets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marnix R van der Kolk
- Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials: Radboud Universiteit Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen, NETHERLANDS
| | - Mathilde A C H Jansen
- Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials: Radboud Universiteit Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen, NETHERLANDS
| | - Floris P J T Rutjes
- Radboud University Institute for Molecules and Materials: Radboud Universiteit Institute for Molecules and Materials, Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525AJ, Nijmegen, NETHERLANDS
| | - Daniel Blanco-Ania
- Radboud University, Cluster for Molecular Chemistry, Heyendaalaseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, NETHERLANDS
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Agwa RH, Elgazzar MH, El-Zayyadi IA, Saed AM, Ghannam MA, Saleh A. Effect of sustained virological response after direct-acting antivirals on liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HCV infection. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43162-022-00111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have revolutionized the therapy of HCV infection with higher sustained virological response (SVR) rates. Fibrosis regression after achieving SVR to DAA remains to be evaluated in chronic hepatitis C patients. One of the main inquiries here is what occurs with liver fibrosis after achieving a SVR, albeit the current DAA was not intended to be antifibrotic. Liver biopsy was replaced by various non-invasive methods, like FIB4 score and fibroscan. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of SVR following DAAs on liver fibrosis in chronic HCV patients.
Results
Five hundred of 1170 F4 treated patients (42.7%) improved and became 190 F3, 90 F2, and 220 F1. Also, 40 of 60 F3 patients improved and became 10 F2 and 30 F1. Also, 350 of 1230 treated patients (28.4%) transited from significant fibrosis (≥F3) to non-significant fibrosis (≤F2). There was a significant improvement of FIB-4 (p<0.001) in the improved group after DAAs were proved by liver stiffness measurement.
Conclusion
Treatment of chronic HCV with DAAs is associated with regression of liver fibrosis as about 28% of patients improved from significant fibrosis (≥F3) to non-significant fibrosis (≤F2) after treatment.
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Omar ZMM, Ahmed AAN, El-Bakry MH, Ahmed MA, Hasan A. Metformin versus Silymarin as Hepatoprotective Agents in Mice Fibrotic Model Caused by Carbon Tetrachloride. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2022; 80:659-668. [PMID: 35093389 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study metformin hepatoprotective effects compared to silymarin on hepatic fibrosis caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS liver fibrosis in mice was achieved by intraperitoneal injection of 2 ml/kg of CCl4 dilution in olive oil [1:9 (v/v)] twice a week for 7 weeks followed by oral treatment with metformin (250 mg/kg/day) or silymarin (100 mg/kg/day) (a standard hepatoprotective drug). The changes that follow liver fibrosis were assessed by measurement of hepatic enzymes (ALT, AST and ALP), histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin stain, special stains, and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) immunostaining, measuring oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, NOx and MnSOD) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) in liver. RESULTS liver fibrosis was obviously developed in mice after intraperitoneal injection with CCl4 for 7 weeks. Both silymarin and metformin treatment exhibited a significant decrease in the fibrotic changes and similarly an increase in endogenous antioxidants. Interestingly there is a significant difference between silymarin and metformin regarding both efficacy and potency. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antifibrotic effects of metformin in CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice, but silymarin is more beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mohammed Ahmed Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al- Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdulkarim Hasan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Aboismail A, El-Shazly M, Abdallah N, Elsayed E, Abo-Yossef R. Study of the effect of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) C(+405)G (rs2010963) single nucleotide polymorphism on the development of esophageal and gastric varices and risk of variceal bleeding in cirrhotic hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients (VEGF) C(+405)G IN esophageal and gastric varices. EGYPTIAN LIVER JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43066-021-00160-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
HCV infection is a major worldwide cause of chronic liver diseases. Esophageal and gastric varices are common in cirrhotic patients due to concomitant portal hypertension. Variceal hemorrhage is a major decompensating event with high morbidity and mortality. Endothelial dysfunction, occurring in cirrhosis, facilitates the development of liver cirrhosis, portal hypertension and contributes to increased intrahepatic vascular resistance..VEGF family members are major regulators of blood vessel development and function.
Results
The study was conducted on 90 subjects admitted to Tropical Medicine Department, Alexandria Main University Hospital: 30 cirrhotic patients with endoscopically proven varices (group A), 30 cirrhotic patients without varices (group B), and 30 healthy controls (group C). All patients was subjected to detailed history taking and thorough clinical examination, laboratory investigations, ultrasound abdomen, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and genotyping for VEGF C(+405)G (rs2010963) by 5′ nuclease assay. The VEGF C(+405)G (rs2010963) GG genotype was associated with higher prevalence of esophageal and gastric varices and higher bleeding risk.
Conclusion
VEGF C(+405)G (rs2010963) is an important genetic determinant of esophageal varices, gastric varices, and correlates with variceal bleeding risk. Genetic testing of this SNP would be useful in prediction of esophageal and gastric varices and bleeding risk.
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HCV Genotype Has No Influence on the Incidence of Diabetes-EpiTer Multicentre Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020379. [PMID: 35054072 PMCID: PMC8780546 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
HCV infection is one of the main reasons for liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, one finds more and more extrahepatic manifestations of HCV infection, including its possible influence on the development of diabetes. In the presented work, one finds the frequency analysis of the incidence of diabetes among 2898 HCV infected patients treated in Poland, and the assessment of their relevance to the HCV genotype and the progression of fibrosis. The results indicate that the hepatitis C infection seems to be a risk factor for diabetes in persons with more advanced liver fibrosis, for older people, and for the male gender. Thus, one found no differences regarding the frequency of its incidence depending on HCV genotype, including genotype 3.
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Luna-Cuadros MA, Chen HW, Hanif H, Ali MJ, Khan MM, Lau DTY. Risk of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis C virus cure. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:96-107. [PMID: 35125821 PMCID: PMC8793019 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i1.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The direct-acting antivirals marked a new era of HCV therapy and are associated with greater than 95% cure rate. Successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C greatly reduces the risk of HCC. A proportion of patients, especially those with pre-existing cirrhosis, remain at risk for HCC despite sustained virologic response (SVR). Diabetes mellitus, hepatic steatosis, alcohol consumption and lack of fibrosis regression are associated with risks of HCC after HCV cure. Noninvasive modalities such as aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and fibrosis-4 index and transient elastography have been used to monitor hepatic fibrosis. More recently, various fibrosis scores have been combined with clinical parameters and other novel biomarkers to predict risks of HCC for patients who achieved SVR. These models still need to be validated and standardized prior to applying to routine clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alejandra Luna-Cuadros
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Hao-Wei Chen
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Hira Hanif
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Mukarram Jamat Ali
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Muzammil Muhammad Khan
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Daryl Tan-Yeung Lau
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, United States
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Santos APDT, Silva VCM, Mendes-Corrêa MC, Lemos MF, Malta FDM, Santana RAF, Dastoli GTF, Castro VFDD, Pinho JRR, Moreira RC. Characterization of primary direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs resistance mutations in NS5A/NS5B regions of hepatitis C virus with genotype 1a and 1b from patients with chronic hepatitis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2022; 64:e61. [PMID: 36197422 PMCID: PMC9528309 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202264061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - João Renato Rebello Pinho
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Brazil
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Kong Y, Mao C, Li S, Xie Y, Zhang XL, Fu B. A Novel Imidazolinone Derivative with 5-arylidene and 2- Substituted Mercapto Group as Potent Anti-Hepatitis C Virus Compound. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100602. [PMID: 34927353 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Here six novel imidazolinone derivatives have been synthesized and the compound 4b containing 5- para -methoxy-phenylidene and 2-thioalkylation terminal substitution with 3'-cyano-2',6'-dimethyl-phenyl showed the best anti-HCV activity and the lowest cytotoxicity. Selectivity index (SI = CC 50 /IC 50 ) for the 4b was determined as 36, indicating that compound 4b was highly selective towards HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Kong
- Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China, 432000, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Chongyang Mao
- Hubei Engineering University, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, No. 272 Jiaotong Avenue, 432000, Xiaogan, CHINA
| | - Shu Li
- Wuhan University, School of Basic Medicai l, uhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China,, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Yan Xie
- Wuhan University, School of Basic Midcal Sciences, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China, 432000, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Xiao-Lian Zhang
- Wuhan University, School of Basical Medicne, Wuhan 430071, Hubei, P. R. China, Wuhan, CHINA
| | - Boqiao Fu
- Hubei Engineering University, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, No.272, Jiaotong Avenue, 432000, Xiaogan, CHINA
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Townshend-Bulson L, Roik E, Barbour Y, Bruden DJT, Homan CE, Espera HGF, Stevenson TJ, Hewitt AM, Rhodes W, Gove JE, Plotnik JN, Snowball MM, McGilvray J, Simons BC, Johnston JM, McMahon BJ. The Alaska Native/American Indian experience of hepatitis C treatment with sofosbuvir-based direct-acting antivirals. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260970. [PMID: 34855920 PMCID: PMC8639063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs have been effective in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Limited data are available on safety, tolerability, and efficacy in American Indian or Alaska Native people. We aim to evaluate the treatment outcomes of sofosbuvir- based regimens for treatment of HCV in a real life setting in Alaska Native/American Indian (AN/AI) people. METHODS AN/AI patients within the Alaska Tribal Health System with confirmed positive anti-HCV and HCV RNA, who were 18 years of age and older were included in the study. Pretreatment baseline patient characteristics, treatment efficacy based on sustained virologic response (SVR) 12 weeks after treatment completion, and adverse effects were assessed. The following treatments were given according to the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases/Infectious Disease Society of America (AASLD/IDSA) HCV Guidance: ledipasvir/sofosbuvir, sofosbuvir plus weight-based ribavirin, and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir. RESULTS We included 501 patients with a mean age of 54.3 (range 21.3-78.3) in the study. Overall SVR was achieved in 95.2% of patients who received one of the three DAA regimens. For those with cirrhosis, overall SVR was 92.8% and for those with genotype 3 91.1% achieved SVR. The most common symptom experienced during treatment was headache. Joint pain was found to decrease during treatment. One person discontinued sofosbuvir plus ribavirin due to myocardial infarction and one discontinued sofosbuvir/velpatasvir due to urticaria. CONCLUSIONS In the real-world setting, sofosbuvir-based treatment is safe, effective, and well tolerated in AN/AI patients. Sustained virologic response was high regardless of HCV genotype or cirrhosis status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Townshend-Bulson
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Elena Roik
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Youssef Barbour
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Dana J. T. Bruden
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Chriss E. Homan
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Hannah G. F. Espera
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | | | - Annette M. Hewitt
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Wileina Rhodes
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - James E. Gove
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Julia N. Plotnik
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Mary M. Snowball
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - John McGilvray
- Pharmacy Department, Southcentral Foundation, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Brenna C. Simons
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Janet M. Johnston
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Brian J. McMahon
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Liver Disease and Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, Alaska, United States of America
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Yilmaz B, Kayadibi H, Yeniova AO, Koseoglu H, Simsek Z. The age, bilirubin and albumin (ABA) index: a novel noninvasive index for predicting liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 33:e290-e296. [PMID: 33405426 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM It was to assess the diagnostic performance characteristics of a novel index, (ABA), which utilizes age, bilirubin and albumin to predict significant and severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. METHODS A total of 114 patients were included in this study. The liver biopsies were graded using the Ishak scoring system. Diagnostic performance of the ABA index was compared to aspartate aminotransferase (AST) to alanine aminotransferase ratio, age platelet index, AST to platelet ratio index, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) to platelet ratio index, FIB-4, FibroQ, Goteborg University Cirrhosis Index, King's score, GGT/international normalization ratio, platelet to lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, white blood cell to platelet distribution width ratio and mean platelet volume to platelet distribution width ratio (MPV/PDW) by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The ABA index was formulated as 1.5 + (0.065 × age) + (1.85 × bilirubin) - (1.65 × albumin) according to the multivariate logistic regression analysis. According to the ROC curve analyses, the ABA index had the area under these ROC curves (AUROCs) of 0.805 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.727-0.883] for significant fibrosis, 0.874 (95% CI, 0.804-0.943) for severe fibrosis and 0.895 (95% CI, 0.828-0.961) for cirrhosis. CONCLUSION The ABA index was found to be superior to other evaluated noninvasive indexes of liver fibrosis by use of the cutoff point of 0 and 1. These findings should be confirmed by prospective and multicenter studies in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baris Yilmaz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Biruni University School of Medicine, İstanbul
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hitit University School of Medicine, Corum
| | - Huseyin Kayadibi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University School of Medicine, Eskisehir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Hitit University School of Medicine, Corum
| | - Abdullah O Yeniova
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University School of Medicine, Tokat
| | - Huseyin Koseoglu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hitit University School of Medicine, Corum
| | - Zahide Simsek
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Diskapi Yildirim Beyazit Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Klöhn M, Schrader JA, Brüggemann Y, Todt D, Steinmann E. Beyond the Usual Suspects: Hepatitis E Virus and Its Implications in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5867. [PMID: 34831021 PMCID: PMC8616277 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis E virus infections are the leading cause of viral hepatitis in humans, contributing to an estimated 3.3 million symptomatic cases and almost 44,000 deaths annually. Recently, HEV infections have been found to result in chronic liver infection and cirrhosis in severely immunocompromised patients, suggesting the possibility of HEV-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. While HEV-associated formation of HCC has rarely been reported, the expansion of HEV's clinical spectrum and the increasing evidence of chronic HEV infections raise questions about the connection between HEV and HCC. The present review summarizes current clinical evidence of the relationship between HEV and HCC and discusses mechanisms of virus-induced HCC development with regard to HEV pathogenesis. We further elucidate why the development of HEV-induced hepatocellular carcinoma has so rarely been observed and provide an outlook on possible experimental set-ups to study the relationship between HEV and HCC formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Klöhn
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.K.); (J.A.S.); (Y.B.); (D.T.)
| | - Jil Alexandra Schrader
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.K.); (J.A.S.); (Y.B.); (D.T.)
| | - Yannick Brüggemann
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.K.); (J.A.S.); (Y.B.); (D.T.)
| | - Daniel Todt
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.K.); (J.A.S.); (Y.B.); (D.T.)
- European Virus Bioinformatics Center (EVBC), 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Eike Steinmann
- Department of Molecular and Medical Virology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany; (M.K.); (J.A.S.); (Y.B.); (D.T.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), External Partner Site, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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Forced Degradation Studies of Sofosbuvir with a Developed and Validated RP-HPLC Method as per ICH Guidelines. Chromatographia 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-021-04099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Srisomwat C, Yakoh A, Avihingsanon A, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P, Vilaivan T, Chailapakul O. An alternative label-free DNA sensor based on the alternating-current electroluminescent device for simultaneous detection of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C co-infection. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 196:113719. [PMID: 34706315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Coinfection of HIV/HCV is a significant public health issue globally, as it increases the risk of liver cancer in co-infected individuals. The point-of-care testing (POCT) device for HIV/HCV DNA detection is promptly needed for diagnosis and monitoring of the disease progression. Here, the alternating-current electroluminescence (ACEL) technique is proposed as a sensitive POCT sensing platform for HIV/HCV cDNA detection. A conductance-based light emission modulated by the hybridization between a pyrrolidinyl PNA probe and the DNA target enabled the DNA detection in a label-free format. Enhanced electroluminescence was observed in the presence of the target DNA due to the increased proton conductivity. Under the optimal conditions, the linearity range from 1 nM to 1 μM was achieved for HIV and HCV cDNA with LODs of 1.86 pM (HIV cDNA) and 1.96 pM (HCV cDNA). The spiked HIV/HCV cDNA in healthy human serum was successfully detected, demonstrating the feasibility of the developed device for the detection of cDNA in real biological samples. Additionally, simultaneous HIV/HCV cDNA detection on a single ACEL device employing a 2x2-array detection zone design. The cross-reactivity with other viral DNA was shown to be minimal due to the high specificity of the PNA probes used. Finally, the negative and positive samples from the patient's serum were tested and the results were in 100% agreement with the commercial kit based-on real-time PCR method, thus illustrating the high sensitivity and specificity of the developed sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chawin Srisomwat
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Abdulhadee Yakoh
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand; Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Anchalee Avihingsanon
- The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration (HIV NAT), Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, 104 Ratchadamri Rd, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Tirayut Vilaivan
- Organic Synthesis Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence (EOSCE), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Kim T, Kim J. Factors Associated with Hepatitis C Antibody Positivity in Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study Based on 2013-2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:healthcare9101366. [PMID: 34683045 PMCID: PMC8544486 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to provide basic data on the prevention of hepatitis C infection by identifying factors related to it based on the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The sixth (2013-2015) and seventh (2016-2018) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted by the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency were analyzed. This is a population-based, nationally representative, multistage, cross-sectional survey of noninstitutionalized persons in Korea. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the significance of the variables. A total of 32,942 persons aged >20 years were selected for this study. Among them, 282 tested positive for hepatitis C antibodies, while 32,660 tested negative. Of the 282 persons who tested positive, 48.6% were men and 51.4% were women. The factors associated with hepatitis C infection were age, education level, self-rated health status, and liver cirrhosis. Therefore, there is a need to educate people and implement preventive programs based on age and education levels to reduce the incidence of hepatitis C infections. In addition, it is necessary to include hepatitis C screening as part of the National Health Examination to diagnose hepatitis C infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehui Kim
- Department of Nursing, Joongbu University, 201 Daehak-ro, Geumsan-gun 32713, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea;
| | - Jiyoung Kim
- Department of Nursing, Chungcheong University, 38 Wolgok-gil, Cheongju-si 28171, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-230-2808
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Worldwide prevalence, genotype distribution and management of hepatitis C. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2021; 84:637-656. [PMID: 34965046 DOI: 10.51821/84.4.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, resulting in major global public health concerns. The HCV infection is unevenly distributed worldwide, with variations in prevalence across and within countries. The studies on molecular epidemiology conducted in several countries provide an essential supplement for a comprehensive knowledge of HCV epidemiology, genotypes, and subtypes, along with providing information on the impact of current and earlier migratory flows. HCV is phylogenetically classified into 8 major genotypes and 57 subtypes. HCV genotype and subtype distribution differ according to geographic origin and transmission risk category. Unless people with HCV infection are detected and treated appropriately, the number of deaths due to the disease will continue to increase. In 2015, 1.75 million new viral infections were mostly due to unsafe healthcare procedures and drug use injections. In the same year, access to direct-acting antivirals was challenging and varied in developing and developed countries, affecting HCV cure rates based on their availability. The World Health Assembly, in 2016, approved a global strategy to achieve the elimination of the HCV public health threat by 2030 (by reducing new infections by 90% and deaths by 65%). Globally, countries are implementing policies and measures to eliminate HCV risk based on their distribution of genotypes and prevalence.
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Wang Y, Zhao Z, Zhang H, Lin Q, Wang N, Ngwanguong Hannah M, Rui J, Yang T, Li P, Mao S, Lin S, Liu X, Zhu Y, Xu J, Yang M, Luo L, Liu C, Li Z, Deng B, Huang J, Liu W, Zhao B, Su Y, Chen T. Estimating the transmissibility of hepatitis C: A modelling study in Yichang City, China. J Viral Hepat 2021; 28:1464-1473. [PMID: 34314082 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.13582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Yichang is a city in central China in the Hubei Province. This study aimed to estimate the dynamics of the transmissibility of hepatitis C using a mathematical model and predict the transmissibility of hepatitis C in 2030. Data of hepatitis C cases from 13 counties or districts (cities) in Yichang from 2008 to 2016 were collected. A susceptible-infectious-chronic-recovered (SICR) model was developed to fit the data. The transmissibility of hepatitis C at the counties or districts was calculated based on new infections (including infected or chronically infected cases) reported monthly in the city caused by one infectious individual (MNI). The trend of the MNI was fitted and predicted using 11 models, with the coefficient of determination (R2 ) was being used to test the goodness of fit of these models. A total of 3065 cases of hepatitis C were reported in Yichang from 2008 to 2016. The median MNI of Yichang was 0.0768. According to the fitting results and analysis, the trend of transmissibility of hepatitis C in Yichang City conforms with the logarithmic (R2 = 0.918, p < 0.001):MNI = 0.265-0.108 log(t) and exponential (R2 = 0.939, p < 0.001): MNI = 0.344e(-0.278t) models. Hence, the transmission of hepatitis C virus at the county level has a downward trend. In conclusion, the transmissibility of hepatitis C in Yichang has a downward trend. With the current preventive and control measures in place, the spread of hepatitis C can be controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Zeyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Yichang municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yichang City, China
| | - Qin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Shenzhen Heng Sheng Hospital, Shenzhen City, China
| | | | - Jia Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Tianlong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Peihua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Siying Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Shengnan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Xingchun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Yuanzhao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Jingwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Meng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Li Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Chan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Zhuoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Bin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Jiefeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Weikang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Benhua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Yanhua Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
| | - Tianmu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, China
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Song X, Gao X, Wang Y, Raja R, Zhang Y, Yang S, Li M, Yao Z, Wei L. HCV Core Protein Induces Chemokine CCL2 and CXCL10 Expression Through NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:654998. [PMID: 34531848 PMCID: PMC8438213 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.654998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
HCV core protein is the first structural protein synthesized during hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and replication. It is released from virus infected liver cells and mediates multiple functions to affect host cell response. The innate immune response is the first line of defense against viral infection. After HCV infection, Kupffer cells (KCs) which are liver macrophages play an important role in host innate immune response. Kupffer cells act as phagocytes and release different cytokines and chemokines to counter viral infection and regulate inflammation and fibrosis in liver. Earlier, we have demonstrated that HCV core protein interacts with gC1qR and activates MAPK, NF-κB and PI3K/AKT pathways in macrophages. In this study, we explored the effect of HCV core protein on CCL2 and CXCL10 expression in macrophages and the signaling pathways involved. Upon silencing of gC1qR, we observed a significant decrease expression of CCL2 and CXCL10 in macrophages in the presence of HCV core protein. Inhibiting NF-κB pathway, but not P38, JNK, ERK and AKT pathways greatly reduced the expression of CCL2 and CXCL10. Therefore, our results indicate that interaction of HCV core protein with gC1qR could induce CCL2 and CXCL10 secretion in macrophages via NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings may shed light on the understanding of how leukocytes migrate into the liver and exaggerate host-derived immune responses and may provide novel therapeutic targets in HCV chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Song
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yadong Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Rameez Raja
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Yaoyu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shulin Yang
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Miao Li
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhiyan Yao
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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El-Nabarawi M, Nafady M, Elmenshawe S, Elkarmalawy M, Teaima M. Liver Targeting of Daclatasvir via Tailoring Sterically Stabilized Bilosomes: Fabrication, Comparative In Vitro/In Vivo Appraisal and Biodistribution Studies. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6413-6426. [PMID: 34556987 PMCID: PMC8455511 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s319255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a significant public health concern that threatens millions of individuals worldwide. Daclatasvir (DAC) is a promising direct-acting antiviral approved for treating HCV infection around the world. The goal of this study was to encapsulate DAC into novel polyethylene glycol (PEG) decorated bilosomes (PEG-BILS) to achieve enhanced drug delivery to the liver. METHODS DAC-loaded BILS were primed by a thin film hydrating technique. The study of the impact of various formulation variables on the properties of BILS and selection of the optimal formulation was generated using Design-Expert® software. The optimum preparation was then pegylated via the incorporation of PEG-6-stearate (5% w/w, with respect to the lipid phase). RESULTS The optimum PEG-BILS formulation, containing PL:SDC ratio (5:1), 5 mg cholesterol, and 30 min sonication, yielded spherical vesicles in the nanoscale (200±15.2 nm), elevated percent of entrapment efficiency (95.5±7.77%), and a sustained release profile of DAC with 35.11±2.3% release. In vivo and drug distribution studies revealed an enhanced hepatocellular delivery of DAC-loaded PEG-BILS compared to DAC-unPEG-BILS and DAC suspension, where DAC-PEG-BILS achieved 1.19- and 1.54 times the AUC0-24 of DAC-unPEG-BILS and DAC suspension, respectively. Compared with DAC-unPEG-BILS and DAC suspension, DAC-PEG-BILS delivered about 2 and 3 times higher DAC into the liver, respectively. CONCLUSION The innovative encapsulation of DAC-PEG-BILS has a great potential for liver targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nafady
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Shahira Elmenshawe
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa Elkarmalawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University of Technology and Information, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Lee JS, Choi HJ, Lee HW, Kim BK, Park JY, Kim DY, Ahn SH, Kim SU. Screening, confirmation, and treatment rates of hepatitis C virus infection in a tertiary academic medical center in South Korea. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:2479-2485. [PMID: 33788314 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Several barriers prevent the proper screening, diagnosis, and treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We aimed to evaluate the status of HCV screening, confirmation, and treatment rates in a tertiary academic medical center in Korea. METHODS Patients who visited Severance Hospital between 2015 and 2019 were eligible in this retrospective study. The testing and positivity rates for anti-HCV antibodies and HCV RNA were sequentially analyzed. RESULTS Between 2015 and 2019, 252 057 patients (117 131 men, 46.5%) who underwent anti-HCV antibody testing were retrospectively reviewed. The median age of the study population was 51.0 years. Patients with positive anti-HCV antibody test results (n = 2623, 1.0%) showed a higher proportion of liver cirrhosis (17.6% vs 2.0%) and unfavorable laboratory test results (all P < 0.05). The positivity rates were 1.3% and 0.8% in the medical and surgical departments, respectively. HCV RNA was tested in 1628 (62.1%) patients, with a 57.4% (n = 928) positivity rate. The medical department had a higher HCV RNA testing rate than the surgical department (75.4% vs 40.8%). Among the 928 patients who showed positivity for HCV RNA, 847 (90.7%) underwent genotype testing (mostly 1 and 2 [95.4%]). The treatment rate was 66.9% (n = 567); it was higher in the gastroenterology department (70.8%) than in the non-gastroenterology departments (62.3%). CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of patients testing positive for anti-HCV antibodies were not referred for proper management. Systematic and automated screening and referral systems, which may help identify patients requiring treatment for HCV infection, are necessary even in tertiary academic medical centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Seung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong Jun Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hye Won Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Beom Kyung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jun Yong Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Up Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Gastroenterology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Yonsei Liver Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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