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Benoy A, Ramaswamy S. Histamine in the neocortex: Towards integrating multiscale effectors. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:4597-4623. [PMID: 39032115 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Histamine is a modulatory neurotransmitter, which has received relatively less attention in the central nervous system than other neurotransmitters. The functional role of histamine in the neocortex, the brain region that controls higher-order cognitive functions such as attention, learning and memory, remains largely unknown. This article focuses on the emerging roles and mechanisms of histamine release in the neocortex. We describe gaps in current knowledge and propose the application of interdisciplinary tools to dissect the detailed multiscale functional logic of histaminergic action in the neocortex ranging from sub-cellular, cellular, dendritic and synaptic levels to microcircuits and mesoscale effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Benoy
- Neural Circuits Laboratory, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Srikanth Ramaswamy
- Neural Circuits Laboratory, Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
- Theoretical Sciences Visiting Program (TSVP), Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Japan
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2
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Mönnich D, Nagl M, Forster L, Rosier N, Igel P, Pockes S. Discovery of a Tritiated Radioligand with High Affinity and Selectivity for the Histamine H 3 Receptor. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:1589-1595. [PMID: 37974943 PMCID: PMC10641923 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.3c00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioligands used previously for histamine H3 receptor (H3R) are accompanied by a number of disadvantages. In this study, we report the synthesis of the new H3R radioligand [3H]UR-MN259 ([3H]11) with high (radio)chemical purity and stability. The radioligand exhibits sub-nanomolar affinity for the target receptor (pKi (H3R) = 9.56) and displays an outstanding selectivity profile within the histamine receptor family (>100,000-fold selective). [3H]UR-MN259 is ideally suitable for the characterization of H3R ligands in competition binding and shows one-site binding to the H3R in saturation binding experiments. The radiotracer shows fast association to the receptor (τassoc = 6.11 min), as well as full dissociation from the receptor (τdissoc = 14.48 min) in kinetic binding studies. The distinguished profile of [3H]UR-MN259 makes it a highly promising pharmacological tool to further investigate the role of the H3R in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Mönnich
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Nagl
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Forster
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Rosier
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Igel
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Steffen Pockes
- Institute
of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
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3
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Abdulrazzaq YM, Bastaki SMA, Adeghate E. Histamine H3 receptor antagonists - Roles in neurological and endocrine diseases and diabetes mellitus. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112947. [PMID: 35447544 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human histamine H3 receptor (H3R) was initially described in the brain of rat in 1983 and cloned in 1999. It can be found in the human brain and functions as a regulator of histamine synthesis and release. H3 receptors are predominantly resident in the presynaptic region of neurons containing histamine, where they modulate the synthesis and release of histamine (autoreceptor) or other neurotransmitters such as dopamine, norepinephrine, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, acetylcholine and serotonin (all heteroreceptors). The human histamine H3 receptor has twenty isoforms of which eight are functional. H3 receptor expression is seen in the cerebral cortex, neurons of the basal ganglia and hippocampus, which are important for process of cognition, sleep and homoeostatic regulation. In addition, histamine H3R antagonists stimulate insulin release, through inducing the release of acetylcholine and cause significant reduction in total body weight and triglycerides in obese subjects by causing a feeling of satiety in the hypothalamus. The ability of histamine H3R antagonist to reduce diabetes-induced hyperglycaemia is comparable to that of metformin. It is reasonable therefore, to claim that H3 receptor antagonists may play an important role in the therapy of disorders of cognition, the ability to sleep, oxidative stress, inflammation and anomaly of glucose homoeostasis. A large number of H3R antagonists are being developed by pharmaceutical companies and university research centres. As examples of these new drugs, this review will discuss a number of drugs, including the first histamine H3R receptor antagonist produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef M Abdulrazzaq
- Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salim M A Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; Zayed Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
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4
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Némethy Z, Kiss B, Lethbridge N, Chazot P, Hajnik T, Tóth A, Détári L, Schmidt É, Czurkó A, Kostyalik D, Oláh V, Hernádi I, Balázs O, Vizi ES, Ledneczki I, Mahó S, Román V, Lendvai B, Lévay G. Convergent cross-species pro-cognitive effects of RGH-235, a new potent and selective histamine H 3 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 916:174621. [PMID: 34965389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor is a favourable target for the treatment of cognitive deficits. Here we report the in vitro and in vivo profile of RGH-235, a new potent, selective, and orally active H3 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist developed by Gedeon Richter Plc. Radioligand binding and functional assays were used for in vitro profiling. Procognitive efficacy was investigated in rodent cognitive tests, in models of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) and in cognitive tests of high translational value (rat touch screen visual discrimination test, primate fixed-foreperiod visual reaction time task). Results were supported by pharmacokinetic studies, neurotransmitter release, sleep EEG and dipsogenia. RGH-235 displayed high affinity to H3 receptors (Ki = 3.0-9.2 nM, depending on species), without affinity to H1, H2 or H4 receptors and >100 other targets. RGH-235 was an inverse agonist ([35S] GTPγS binding) and antagonist (pERK1/2 ELISA), showing favourable kinetics, inhibition of the imetit-induced dipsogenia and moderate effects on sleep-wake EEG. RGH-235 stimulated neurotransmitter release both in vitro and in vivo. RGH-235 was active in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), generally considered as a model of ADHD, and revealed a robust pro-cognitive profile both in rodent and primate tests (in 0.3-1 mg/kg) and in models of high translational value (e.g. in a rodent touch screen test and in non-human primates). The multiple and convergent procognitive effects of RGH-235 support the view that beneficial cognitive effects can be linked to antagonism/inverse agonism of H3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Némethy
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Béla Kiss
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Paul Chazot
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, UK
| | - Tünde Hajnik
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Tóth
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Détári
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Schmidt
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Czurkó
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diána Kostyalik
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vilmos Oláh
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, Grastyán Translational Research Center and Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - István Hernádi
- Department of Experimental Zoology and Neurobiology, Faculty of Sciences, Grastyán Translational Research Center and Szentágothai Research Center, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ottilia Balázs
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Sándor Mahó
- Department of Chemistry, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Román
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Lendvai
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Lévay
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., Budapest, Hungary
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Shan L, Martens GJM, Swaab DF. Histamine-4 Receptor: Emerging Target for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2021; 59:131-145. [PMID: 34432256 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in the field of the biogenic amine histamine is the search for new-generation histamine receptor specific drugs. Daniel Bovet and Sir James Black received their Nobel Prizes for Medicine for their work on histamine-1 receptor (H1R) and H2R antagonists to treat allergies and gastrointestinal disorders. The first H3R-targeting drug to reach the market was approved for the treatment of the neurological disorder narcolepsy in 2018. The antagonists for the most recently identified histamine receptor, H4R, are currently under clinical evaluation for their potential therapeutic effects on inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis and pruritus. In this chapter, we propose that H4R antagonists are endowed with prominent anti-inflammatory and immune effects, including in the brain. To substantiate this proposition, we combine data from transcriptional analyses of postmortem human neurodegenerative disease brain samples, human genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and translational animal model studies. The results prompt us to suggest the potential involvement of the H4R in various neurodegenerative diseases and how manipulating the H4R may create new therapeutic opportunities in central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Shan
- Department of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Gerard J M Martens
- Department of Molecular Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Nijmegen, GA, The Netherlands
| | - Dick F Swaab
- Department of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, An Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Rosier N, Grätz L, Schihada H, Möller J, Işbilir A, Humphrys LJ, Nagl M, Seibel U, Lohse MJ, Pockes S. A Versatile Sub-Nanomolar Fluorescent Ligand Enables NanoBRET Binding Studies and Single-Molecule Microscopy at the Histamine H 3 Receptor. J Med Chem 2021; 64:11695-11708. [PMID: 34309390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor (H3R) is considered an attractive drug target for various neurological diseases. We here report the synthesis of UR-NR266, a novel fluorescent H3R ligand. Broad pharmacological characterization revealed UR-NR266 as a sub-nanomolar compound at the H3R with an exceptional selectivity profile within the histamine receptor family. The presented neutral antagonist showed fast association to its target and complete dissociation in kinetic binding studies. Detailed characterization of standard H3R ligands in NanoBRET competition binding using UR-NR266 highlights its value as a versatile pharmacological tool to analyze future H3R ligands. The low nonspecific binding observed in all experiments could also be verified in TIRF and confocal microscopy. This fluorescent probe allows the highly specific analysis of native H3R in various assays ranging from optical high throughput technologies to biophysical analyses and single-molecule studies in its natural environment. An off-target screening at 14 receptors revealed UR-NR266 as a selective compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Rosier
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Lukas Grätz
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Hannes Schihada
- Section of Receptor Biology & Signaling, Dept. of Physiology & Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 1, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Jan Möller
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Ali Işbilir
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, Würzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Laura J Humphrys
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Martin Nagl
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Ulla Seibel
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany
| | - Martin J Lohse
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, Berlin 13125, Germany.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Straße 2, Würzburg 97070, Germany.,ISAR Bioscience Institute, Semmelweisstraße 5, Planegg 82152, Germany
| | - Steffen Pockes
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, Regensburg 93053, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, 2101 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Institute for Therapeutics Discovery and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55414, United States
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7
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Tiwari AK, Zhang D, Pouget JG, Zai CC, Chowdhury NI, Brandl EJ, Qin L, Freeman N, Lieberman JA, Meltzer HY, Kennedy JL, Müller DJ. Impact of histamine receptors H1 and H3 polymorphisms on antipsychotic-induced weight gain. World J Biol Psychiatry 2019; 19:S97-S105. [PMID: 27855565 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1262061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A positive correlation between antipsychotic-induced weight gain (AIWG) and the antagonist effect of antipsychotic drugs at the histamine H1 receptor (HRH1) as well as the agonist effect at the histamine H3 receptor (HRH3) in the brain has been consistently demonstrated. We investigated the potential impact of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HRH1 and HRH3 genes on AIWG. METHODS We analysed 40 tagSNPs in HRH1 (n = 34) and HRH3 (n = 6) in schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder patients (n = 193) primarily treated with clozapine or olanzapine for up to 14 weeks. Linear regression was used to evaluate the association between SNPs and AIWG, with baseline weight and treatment duration as covariates. RESULTS In HRH1, a nominal association of rs7639145 with AIWG was observed in patients of European ancestry treated with either clozapine or olanzapine (P = 0.043; β = 1.658; n = 77). We observed nominal association for two HRH1 SNPs rs346074 (P = 0.002; β = -5.024) and rs13064530 (P = 0.004; β = -5.158) in patients of African ancestry treated with either clozapine or olanzapine (n = 37). However, the above associations are not significant after correcting for multiple testing. In HRH3, we did not observe association in either ancestry. CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that SNPs in HRH1 and HRH3 may not have a major role in AIWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun K Tiwari
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada.,b Department of Psychiatry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Danning Zhang
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Jennie G Pouget
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada.,b Department of Psychiatry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada.,b Department of Psychiatry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Nabilah I Chowdhury
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Eva J Brandl
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada.,c Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy , Campus Mitte, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Li Qin
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Natalie Freeman
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Lieberman
- d Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons , Columbia University and the New York State Psychiatric Institute , New York City , NY , USA
| | - Herbert Y Meltzer
- e Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine , Chicago , IL , USA
| | - James L Kennedy
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada.,b Department of Psychiatry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Daniel J Müller
- a Neurogenetics Section, Neuroscience Department , Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health , Toronto , ON , Canada.,b Department of Psychiatry , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
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8
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Bastaki SMA, Amir N, Więcek M, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Sadek B. Influence of the Novel Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonist/Inverse Agonist M39 on Gastroprotection and PGE2 Production Induced by (R)-Alpha-Methylhistamine in C57BL/6 Mice. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:966. [PMID: 31572174 PMCID: PMC6751319 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of histamine H3 receptors (H3Rs) in the regulation of gastroprotection and production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as well as somatostatin remains contradictory. Therefore, the effects of the H3R antagonist/inverse agonist M39 on in vivo acidified ethanol-induced gastric ulcers and gastric acid secretion in the C57BL/6 mice were assessed. Results showed that acute systemic administration of H3R agonist (R)-α-methylhistamine (RAMH, 100 mg/kg, i.g.) significantly reduced the severity of ulcer index, increased gastric acid output, and increased mucosal PGE2 production without any alteration of somatostatin concentration in gastric juice. However, only acute systemic administration of the H2R agonist dimaprit (DIM, 10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly decreased the level of somatostatin measured in gastric juice. Moreover, acute systemic administration of M39 (0.3 mg/kg, i.g.) abrogated the RAMH-induced increase of acid output as well as PGE2 production, but not the DIM (10 mg/kg, i.g.)-stimulated acid secretion, indicating that RAMH as well as M39 modulate the gastroprotective effects through interactions with histamine H3Rs. The present findings indicate that agonistic interaction with H3Rs is profoundly involved in the maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity by modulating PGE2 as well as gastric acid secretion, with no apparent role in the regulation of the inhibitory influence of somatostatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim M. A. Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Bassem Sadek, ; Salim M.A. Bastaki,
| | - Naheed Amir
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Bassem Sadek, ; Salim M.A. Bastaki,
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9
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Staszewski M, Stasiak A, Karcz T, McNaught Flores D, Fogel WA, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Leurs R, Walczyński K. Design, synthesis, and in vitro and in vivo characterization of 1-{4-[4-(substituted)piperazin-1-yl]butyl}guanidines and their piperidine analogues as histamine H 3 receptor antagonists. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:234-251. [PMID: 30881612 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00527c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Previously, we have shown that 1-substituted-[4-(7-phenoxyheptylpiperazin-1-yl)butyl]guanidine with electron withdrawing substituents at position 4 in the benzyl moiety exhibits high in vitro affinities toward the guinea pig jejunal histamine H3 receptor with pA 2 ranging from 8.49 to 8.43. Here, we present data on the impact of replacement of the piperazine scaffold by the piperidine ring (compounds 2a and 2b), moving benzyl- and 4-trifluoromethylbenzyl substituents from position 1 to 3 of the guanidine moiety (compounds 2c and 2d), which decreases the guanidine basicity (compound 2e), and the influence of individual synthons (compounds 2f-h), present in the lead compounds 1b and 1c, on the antagonistic activity against the histamine H3 receptor. Additionally, the most active compounds 1a, 1c, and 1d were evaluated for their affinity to the rat histamine H3 receptor and the human histamine H3 and H4 receptors. It was also shown that compounds 1a, 1c and 1d, given parenterally for five days, reduced the food intake of rats and did not influence the brain histamine or noradrenaline concentrations; however, significantly reduced serotonin and dopamine concentrations were found in rats administered with compounds 1a and 1c, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Staszewski
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs , Medical University of Lodz , ul. Muszyńskiego 1 , 90-151 Łódź , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 42 6779194 ; Tel: +48 42 6779196
| | - Anna Stasiak
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry , Medical University of Lodz , ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9 , 90-752 Łódź , Poland . ;
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian UniversityMedical College , ul. Medyczna 9 , 30-688 Kraków , Poland . ;
| | - Daniel McNaught Flores
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecules , Medicines & Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands . ;
| | - Wiesława Agnieszka Fogel
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry , Medical University of Lodz , ul. Żeligowskiego 7/9 , 90-752 Łódź , Poland . ;
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs , Faculty of Pharmacy , Jagiellonian UniversityMedical College , ul. Medyczna 9 , 30-688 Kraków , Poland . ;
| | - Rob Leurs
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecules , Medicines & Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry , Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , De Boelelaan 1108 , 1081 HZ Amsterdam , The Netherlands . ;
| | - Krzysztof Walczyński
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs , Medical University of Lodz , ul. Muszyńskiego 1 , 90-151 Łódź , Poland . ; ; Tel: +48 42 6779194 ; Tel: +48 42 6779196
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10
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Alachkar A, Khan N, Łażewska D, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Sadek B. Histamine H3 receptor antagonist E177 attenuates amnesia induced by dizocilpine without modulation of anxiety-like behaviors in rats. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2019; 15:531-542. [PMID: 30863075 PMCID: PMC6388968 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s193125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer disease (AD) is the main cause of dementia in elderly people. The potential of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists as a pharmacological treatment of several neuropsychiatric diseases is well established. METHODS The novel non-imidazole-based H3R antagonist E177 was screened for its pro-cognitive effects on the inhibitory avoidance paradigm (IAP) and novel object recognition (NOR) task in a dizocilpine (DIZ)-induced model of amnesia in male Wistar rats. Donepezil, an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor, was used as the reference drug. RESULTS Acute systemic treatment with E177 (1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally [i.p.]) significantly attenuated the cognitive impairments induced by DIZ in the IAP (all P-values <0.05, n=7), and the protective effect of the most promising dose of E177 (5 mg/kg) was abrogated when H3R agonist R-(α)-methylhistamine (RAMH; 10 mg/kg i.p.) was co-administered (P=0.281 for DIZ-amnesia group vs DIZ + E177 + RAMH group, n=7). The discrimination index calculated for E177 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) showed a significant memory-enhancing effect on DIZ-induced short-term memory impairment in the NOR task (P<0.05, n=6), with the enhancement nullified when animals were co-administered RAMH (10 mg/kg). Moreover, the results revealed that E177 (5 and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) did not alter the anxiety levels and locomotor activity of animals naïve to the open-field test (all P-values >0.05, n=8) or the elevated plus maze test (all P-values >0.05, n=6-8), which indicated that the E177-induced enhancement of memory performance in the IAP or NOR task was unrelated to changes in emotional response or in spontaneous locomotor activity. CONCLUSION The observed results suggested a possible contribution of H3Rs in the alteration of brain neurotransmitters that accompany neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Alachkar
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates,
| | - Nadia Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates,
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates,
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11
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Olszewska B, Stasiak A, McNaught Flores D, Fogel WA, Leurs R, Walczyński K. 4-Hydroxypiperidines and Their Flexible 3-(Amino)propyloxy Analogues as Non-Imidazole Histamine H₃ Receptor Antagonist: Further Structure⁻Activity Relationship Exploration and In Vitro and In Vivo Pharmacological Evaluation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041243. [PMID: 29671795 PMCID: PMC5979327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Presynaptic histamine H3 receptors (H3R) act as auto- or heteroreceptors controlling, respectively, the release of histamine and of other neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS). The extracellular levels of several neurotransmitters are enhanced by H3R antagonists, and there is a great interest for potent, brain-penetrating H3 receptor antagonists/inverse agonists to compensate for the neurotransmitter deficits present in various neurological disorders. We have shown that 1-[(benzylfuran-2-yl)methyl]piperidinyl-4-oxyl- and benzyl- derivatives of N-propylpentan-1-amines exhibit high in vitro potencies toward the guinea pig H3 receptor (jejunum), with pA2 = 8.47 and 7.79, respectively (the reference compound used was thioperamide with pA2 = 8.67). Furthermore, following the replacement of 4-hydroxypiperidine with a 3-(methylamino)propyloxy chain, the pA2 value for the first group decreased, whereas it increased for the second group. Here, we present data on the impact of elongating the aliphatic chain between the nitrogen of 4-hydroxypiperidine or 3-(methylamino)propan-1-ol and the lipophilic residue. Additionally, the most active compound in this series of non-imidazole H3 receptor antagonists/inverse agonists, i.e., ADS-003, was evaluated for its affinity to the recombinant rat and human histamine H3 receptors transiently expressed in HEK-293T cells. It was shown that ADS-003, given parenterally for 5 days, reduced the food intake of rats, as well as changed histamine and noradrenaline concentrations in the rats’ brain in a manner and degree similar to the reference H3 antagonist Ciproxifan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Olszewska
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego Street 1, 90-145 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Anna Stasiak
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego Street 7/9, 90-752 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Daniel McNaught Flores
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Wiesława Agnieszka Fogel
- Department of Hormone Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego Street 7/9, 90-752 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Rob Leurs
- Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines & Systems, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Krzysztof Walczyński
- Department of Synthesis and Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego Street 1, 90-145 Łódź, Poland.
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Eissa N, Khan N, Ojha SK, Łazewska D, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Sadek B. The Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonist DL77 Ameliorates MK801-Induced Memory Deficits in Rats. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:42. [PMID: 29483860 PMCID: PMC5816071 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of Histamine H3 receptors (H3Rs) in memory, and the prospective of H3R antagonists in pharmacological control of neurodegenerative disorders, e.g., Alzheimer disease (AD) is well-accepted. For that reason, the procognitive effects of the H3R antagonist DL77 on cognitive impairments induced with MK801 were tested in an inhibitory passive avoidance paradigm (PAP) and novel object recognition (NOR) task in adult male rats, using donepezil (DOZ) as a standard drug. Acute systemic pretreatment with DL77 (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly ameliorated memory deficits induced with MK801 in PAP (all P < 0.05, n = 7). The ameliorative effect of most promising dose of DL77 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) was reversed when rats were co-injected with the H3R agonist R-(α)-methylhistamine (RAMH, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) (p = 0.701 for MK801-amnesic group vs. MK801+DL77+RAMH group, n = 6). In the NOR paradigm, DL77 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) counteracted long-term memory (LTM) deficits induced with MK801 (P < 0.05, n = 6-8), and the DL77-provided effect was similar to that of DOZ (p = 0.788, n = 6-8), and was reversed when rats were co-injected with RAMH (10 mg/kg, i.p.) (p = 0.877, n = 6, as compared to the (MK801)-amnesic group). However, DL77 (5 mg/kg, i.p.) did not alter short-term memory (STM) impairment in NOR test (p = 0.772, n = 6-8, as compared to (MK801)-amnesic group). Moreover, DL77 (5 mg/kg) failed to modify anxiety and locomotor behaviors of animals innate to elevated-plus maze (EPM) (p = 0.67 for percentage of time spent exploring the open arms, p = 0.52 for number of entries into the open arms, p = 0.76 for percentage of entries into the open arms, and p = 0.73 number of closed arm entries as compared to saline-treated groups, all n = 6), demonstrating that the procognitive effects observed in PAP or NOR tests were unconnected to alterations in emotions or in natural locomotion of tested animals. These results signify the potential involvement of H3Rs in modulating neurotransmitters related to neurodegenerative disorders, e.g., AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Eissa
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nadia Khan
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shreesh K Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dorota Łazewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University-Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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13
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Abstract
Presynaptic receptors are sites at which transmitters, locally formed mediators or hormones inhibit or facilitate the release of a given transmitter from its axon terminals. The interest in the identification of presynaptic receptors has faded in recent years and it may therefore be justified to give an overview of their occurrence in the autonomic and central nervous system; this review will focus on presynaptic receptors in human tissues. Autoreceptors are presynaptic receptors at which a given transmitter restrains its further release, though in some instances may also increase its release. Inhibitory autoreceptors represent a typical example of a negative feedback; they are tonically activated by the respective endogenous transmitter and/or are constitutively active. Autoreceptors also play a role under pathophysiological conditions, e.g. by limiting the massive noradrenaline release occurring during congestive heart failure. They can be used for therapeutic purposes; e.g., the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist mirtazapine is used as an antidepressant and the inverse histamine H3 receptor agonist pitolisant has been marketed as a new drug for the treatment of narcolepsy in 2016. Heteroreceptors are presynaptic receptors at which transmitters from adjacent neurons, locally formed mediators (e.g. endocannabinoids) or hormones (e.g. adrenaline) can inhibit or facilitate transmitter release; they may be subject to an endogenous tone. The constipating effect of the sympathetic nervous system or of the antihypertensive drug clonidine is related to the activation of inhibitory α2-adrenoceptors on postganglionic parasympathetic neurons. Part of the stimulating effect of adrenaline on the sympathetic nervous system during stress is related to its facilitatory effect on noradrenaline release via β2-adrenoceptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Feuerstein
- Sektion Neuroelektronische Systeme, Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Universität Freiburg, Germany
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14
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Pini A, Obara I, Battell E, Chazot PL, Rosa AC. Histamine in diabetes: Is it time to reconsider? Pharmacol Res 2016; 111:316-324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Sadek B, Saad A, Sadeq A, Jalal F, Stark H. Histamine H3 receptor as a potential target for cognitive symptoms in neuropsychiatric diseases. Behav Brain Res 2016; 312:415-30. [PMID: 27363923 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The potential contributions of the brain histaminergic system in neurodegenerative diseases, and the possiblity of histamine-targeting treatments is attracting considerable interests. The histamine H3 receptor (H3R) is expressed mainly in the central nervous system, and is, consequently, an attractive pharmacological target. Although recently described clinical trials have been disappointing in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia (SCH), numerous H3R antagonists, including pitolisant, demonstrate potential in the treatment of narcolepsy, excessive daytime sleepiness associated with cognitive impairment, epilepsy, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review focuses on the recent preclinical as well as clinical results that support the relevance of H3R antagonists for the treatment of cognitive symptoms in neuropsychiatric diseases, namely AD, epilepsy and SCH. The review summarizes the role of histaminergic neurotransmission with focus on these brain disorders, as well as the effects of numerous H3R antagonists on animal models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Ali Saad
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Adel Sadeq
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University of Science and Technology, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fakhreya Jalal
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Panula P, Chazot PL, Cowart M, Gutzmer R, Leurs R, Liu WLS, Stark H, Thurmond RL, Haas HL. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. XCVIII. Histamine Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 67:601-55. [PMID: 26084539 DOI: 10.1124/pr.114.010249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 374] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a developmentally highly conserved autacoid found in most vertebrate tissues. Its physiological functions are mediated by four 7-transmembrane G protein-coupled receptors (H1R, H2R, H3R, H4R) that are all targets of pharmacological intervention. The receptors display molecular heterogeneity and constitutive activity. H1R antagonists are long known antiallergic and sedating drugs, whereas the H2R was identified in the 1970s and led to the development of H2R-antagonists that revolutionized stomach ulcer treatment. The crystal structure of ligand-bound H1R has rendered it possible to design new ligands with novel properties. The H3R is an autoreceptor and heteroreceptor providing negative feedback on histaminergic and inhibition on other neurons. A block of these actions promotes waking. The H4R occurs on immuncompetent cells and the development of anti-inflammatory drugs is anticipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pertti Panula
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Paul L Chazot
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Marlon Cowart
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Ralf Gutzmer
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Rob Leurs
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Wai L S Liu
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Holger Stark
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Robin L Thurmond
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
| | - Helmut L Haas
- Department of Anatomy, and Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Finland (P.P.); School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, United Kingdom (P.L.C.); AbbVie, Inc. North Chicago, Illinois (M.C.); Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany (R.G.); Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Amsterdam Institute of Molecules, Medicines and Systems, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.L.); Ziarco Pharma Limited, Canterbury, United Kingdom (W.L.S.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medical Chemistry and Institute of Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, Westfalische-Wilhelms-University, Muenster, Germany (H.L.H.); Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany (H.S.); and Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California (R.L.T.)
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17
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Schlicker E, Kathmann M. Role of the Histamine H 3 Receptor in the Central Nervous System. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2016; 241:277-299. [PMID: 27787717 DOI: 10.1007/164_2016_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Abstract
The Gi/o protein-coupled histamine H3 receptor is distributed throughout the central nervous system including areas like cerebral cortex, hippocampus and striatum with the density being highest in the posterior hypothalamus, i.e. the area in which the histaminergic cell bodies are located. In contrast to the other histamine receptor subtypes (H1, H2 and H4), the H3 receptor is located presynaptically and shows a constitutive activity. In detail, H3 receptors are involved in the inhibition of histamine release (presynaptic autoreceptor), impulse flow along the histaminergic neurones (somadendritic autoreceptor) and histamine synthesis. Moreover, they occur as inhibitory presynaptic heteroreceptors on serotoninergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic and perhaps cholinergic neurones. This review shows for four functions of the brain that the H3 receptor represents a brake against the wake-promoting, anticonvulsant and anorectic effect of histamine (via postsynaptic H1 receptors) and its procognitive activity (via postsynaptic H1 and H2 receptors). Indeed, H1 agonists and H3 inverse agonists elicit essentially the same effects, at least in rodents; these effects are opposite in direction to those elicited by brain-penetrating H1 receptor antagonists in humans. Although the benefit for H3 inverse agonists for the symptomatic treatment of dementias is inconclusive, several members of this group have shown a marked potential for the treatment of disorders associated with excessive daytime sleepiness. In March 2016, the European Commission granted a marketing authorisation for pitolisant (WakixR) (as the first representative of the H3 inverse agonists) for the treatment of narcolepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eberhard Schlicker
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Markus Kathmann
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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18
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Sadek B, Stark H. Cherry-picked ligands at histamine receptor subtypes. Neuropharmacology 2015; 106:56-73. [PMID: 26581501 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Histamine, a biogenic amine, is considered as a principle mediator of multiple physiological effects through binding to its H1, H2, H3, and H4 receptors (H1-H4Rs). Currently, the HRs have gained attention as important targets for the treatment of several diseases and disorders ranging from allergy to Alzheimer's disease and immune deficiency. Accordingly, medicinal chemistry studies exploring histamine-like molecules and their physicochemical properties by binding and interacting with the four HRs has led to the development of a diversity of agonists and antagonists that display selectivity for each HR subtype. An overview on H1-R4Rs and developed ligands representing some key steps in development is provided here combined with a short description of structure-activity relationships for each class. Main chemical diversities, pharmacophores, and pharmacological profiles of most innovative H1-H4R agonists and antagonists are highlighted. Therefore, this overview should support the rational choice for the optimal ligand selection based on affinity, selectivity and efficacy data in biochemical and pharmacological studies. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Histamine Receptors'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University, Universitaetsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Graf A, Meng F, Hargrove L, Kennedy L, Han Y, Francis T, Hodges K, Ueno Y, Nguyen Q, Greene JF, Francis H. Knockout of histidine decarboxylase decreases bile duct ligation-induced biliary hyperplasia via downregulation of the histidine decarboxylase/VEGF axis through PKA-ERK1/2 signaling. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 307:G813-23. [PMID: 25169977 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00188.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Histidine is converted to histamine by histidine decarboxylase (HDC). We have shown that cholangiocytes 1) express HDC, 2) secrete histamine, and 3) proliferate after histamine treatment via ERK1/2 signaling. In bile duct-ligated (BDL) rodents, there is enhanced biliary hyperplasia, HDC expression, and histamine secretion. This studied aimed to demonstrate that knockdown of HDC inhibits biliary proliferation via downregulation of PKA/ERK1/2 signaling. HDC(-/-) mice and matching wild-type (WT) were subjected to sham or BDL. After 1 wk, serum, liver blocks, and cholangiocytes were collected. Immunohistochemistry was performed for 1) hematoxylin and eosin, 2) intrahepatic bile duct mass (IBDM) by cytokeratin-19, and 3) HDC biliary expression. We measured serum and cholangiocyte histamine levels by enzyme immunoassay. In total liver or cholangiocytes, we studied: 1) HDC and VEGF/HIF-1α expression and 2) PCNA and PKA/ERK1/2 protein expression. In vitro, cholangiocytes were stably transfected with shRNA-HDC plasmids (or control). After transfection we evaluated pPKA, pERK1/2, and cholangiocyte proliferation by immunoblots and MTT assay. In BDL HDC(-/-) mice, there was decreased IBDM, PCNA, VEGF, and HDC expression compared with BDL WT mice. Histamine levels were decreased in BDL HDC(-/-). BDL HDC(-/-) livers were void of necrosis and inflammation compared with BDL WT. PKA/ERK1/2 protein expression (increased in WT BDL) was lower in BDL HDC(-/-) cholangiocytes. In vitro, knockdown of HDC decreased proliferation and protein expression of PKA/ERK1/2 compared with control. In conclusion, loss of HDC decreases BDL-induced biliary mass and VEGF/HIF-1α expression via PKA/ERK1/2 signaling. Our data suggest that HDC is a key regulator of biliary proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fanyin Meng
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, Texas; Texas A&M Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | | | | | - Yuyan Han
- Texas A&M Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
| | | | | | - Yoshiyuki Ueno
- Yamagata University, Department of Gastroenterology, Yamagata, Japan; and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Heather Francis
- Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas; Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, Texas; Texas A&M Health Science Center, Temple, Texas
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Modulation of behavior by the histaminergic system: Lessons from H1R-and H2R-deficient mice. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 42:252-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Antihistaminergics and inverse agonism: potential therapeutic applications. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 715:26-32. [PMID: 23831018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The accurate characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved in the action of receptor ligands is important for their appropriate therapeutic use and safety. It is well established that ligands acting at the histamine system currently used in the clinic exert their actions by specifically antagonizing G-protein coupled H1 and H2 receptors. However, most of these ligands, assumed to be neutral antagonists, behave as inverse agonists displaying negative efficacy in experimental systems. This suggests that their therapeutic actions may involve not only receptor blockade, but also the decrease of spontaneous receptor activity. The mechanisms whereby inverse agonists achieve negative efficacy are diverse. Theoretical models predict at least three possible mechanisms, all of which are supported by experimental observations. Depending on the mechanism of action engaged, the inverse agonist could interfere specifically with signaling events triggered by unrelated receptors. This possibility opens up new venues to explain the therapeutic actions of inverse agonists of the histamine receptor and perhaps new therapeutic applications.
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Vohora D, Bhowmik M. Histamine H3 receptor antagonists/inverse agonists on cognitive and motor processes: relevance to Alzheimer's disease, ADHD, schizophrenia, and drug abuse. Front Syst Neurosci 2012; 6:72. [PMID: 23109919 PMCID: PMC3478588 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2012.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists/inverse agonists possess potential to treat diverse disease states of the central nervous system (CNS). Cognitive dysfunction and motor impairments are the hallmark of multifarious neurodegenerative and/or psychiatric disorders. This review presents the various neurobiological/neurochemical evidences available so far following H3R antagonists in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, and drug abuse each of which is accompanied by deficits of some aspects of cognitive and/or motor functions. Whether the H3R inverse agonism modulates the neurochemical basis underlying the disease condition or affects only the cognitive/motor component of the disease process is discussed with the aim to provide a rationale for their use in diverse disease states that are interlinked and are accompanied by some common motor, cognitive and attentional deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Vohora
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University) New Delhi, India
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Endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat aorta to a histamine H(3) agonist is reduced by inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase, guanylate cyclase and Na,K-ATPase. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 5:69-74. [PMID: 18475701 PMCID: PMC2365771 DOI: 10.1155/s0962935196000129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The possible involvement of different effector systems (nitric oxide synthase, guanylate cyclase, β-adrenergic and muscarinic cholinergic receptors, cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, and Na+,K+-ATPase) was evaluated in a histamine H3 receptor agonist-induced ((R)α-methylhistamine, (R)α-MeHA) endothelium-dependent rat aorta relaxation assay. (R)α-MeHA (0.1 nM – 0.01 mM) relaxed endothelium-dependent rat aorta, with a pD2 value of 8.22 ± 0.06, compared with a pD2 value of 7.98 ± 0.02 caused by histamine (50% and 70% relaxation, respectively). The effect of (R)α-MeHA (0.1 nM – 0.01 mM) was competitively antagonized by thioperamide (1, 10 and 30 nM) (pA2 = 9.21 ± 0.40; slope = 1.03 ± 0.35) but it was unaffected by pyrilamine (100 nM), cimetidine (1 μM), atropine (10 μM), propranolol (1 μM), indomethacin (10 μM) or nordthydroguaiaretic acid (0.1 mM). Inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase, L-NG-monomethylarginine (L-NMMA, 10 μM) and NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NOARG, 10 μM) inhibited the relaxation effect of (R)α-MeHA, by approximately 52% and 70%, respectively). This inhibitory effect of L-NMMA was partially reversed by L-arginine (10 μM). Methylene blue (10 μM) and ouabain (10 μM) inhibited relaxation (R)α-MeHA-induced by approximately 50% and 90%, respectively. The products of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase are not involved in (R)α-MeHA-induced endothelium-dependent rat aorta relaxation nor are the muscarinic cholinergic and β-adrenergic receptors. The results also suggest the involvement of NO synthase, guanylate cyclase and Na+,K+-ATPase in (R)α-MeHA-induced endothelium-dependent rat aorta relaxation.
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The evidence for histamine H(3) receptor-mediated endothelium-dependent relaxation in isolated rat aorta. Mediators Inflamm 2012; 4:217-21. [PMID: 18475642 PMCID: PMC2365632 DOI: 10.1155/s0962935195000354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of histamine H3 receptors was evaluated on the rat aorta endothelium. In the presence of pyrilamine (1 nM, 7 nM, 10 nM) or thioperamide (1 nM, 10 nM, 30 nM) the concentration–response curve for histamine-induced (0.1 nM − 0.01 mM) endothelium-dependent rat aorta relaxation was shifted to the right without significant change of the Emax indicating competitive antagonism by pyrilamine (pA2 = 9.33 ± 0.34, slope = 1.09 ± 0.36) or thioperamide (pA2 =9.31 ± 0.16, slope=0.94 ± 0.10). Cimetidine (1 μM) did not influence histamine-induced endothelium-dependent rat aorta relaxation. In the presence of thioperamide (1 nM, 10 nM, 30 nM) the concentration–response curve for (R)α-MeHA-induced (0.1 nM − 0.01 mM) endothelium-dependent relaxation was shifted to the right without significant change of Emax indicated competitive antagonism by thioperamide (pA2 = 9.21 ± 0.4, slope = 1.03 ± 0.35). Pyrilamine (100 nM) or cimetidine (1 μM) did not influence (R)α-MeHA-induced endothelium-dependent rat aorta relaxation. These results suggest the presence of a heterogenous population of histamine receptors, H1 and H3, on rat aorta endothelium.
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Gürkov R, Flatz W, Keeser D, Strupp M, Ertl-Wagner B, Krause E. Effect of standard-dose Betahistine on endolymphatic hydrops: an MRI pilot study. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2012; 270:1231-5. [PMID: 22760844 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-012-2087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess whether standard-dose Betahistine (48 mg daily) exerts an effect upon the degree of endolymphatic hydrops in patients with Menière's disease using a retrospective case series in the setting of a tertiary neurotology referral centre. In six patients with definite unilateral Menière's disease, the degree of cochlear and vestibular endolymphatic hydrops was assessed before and after treatment with a standard dose of Betahistine (48 mg daily), using high-resolution 3 T MR imaging after intratympanic contrast medium application. The treatment duration was 3-7 months (mean 5 months), and the patients were followed-up for 6-29 months (mean 11 months). In the study cohort, the standard dose of Betahistine did not have an MR morphologically measurable beneficial effect on the degree of endolymphatic hydrops. The results indicated no effect of standard-dose Betahistine on endolymphatic hydrops found on high-resolution MR imaging. Possible explanations are: (1) insufficient dosage or duration of treatment with betahistine, (2) insufficient resolution of the MR imaging technique, and (3) insufficient length of follow-up. Further studies addressing these issues are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gürkov
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Integrated Centre for Balance Disorders, Grosshadern Medical Centre, University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
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Motawaj M, Burban A, Davenas E, Gbahou F, Faucard R, Morisset S, Arrang JM. Le système histaminergique : une cible pour de nouveaux traitements des deficits cognitifs. Therapie 2010; 65:415-22. [DOI: 10.2515/therapie/2010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Burban A, Sadakhom C, Dumoulin D, Rose C, Le Pen G, Frances H, Arrang JM. Modulation of prepulse inhibition and stereotypies in rodents: no evidence for antipsychotic-like properties of histamine H3-receptor inverse agonists. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2010; 210:591-604. [PMID: 20437030 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-010-1863-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE H(3)-receptor inverse agonists raise a great interest as innovative therapeutics in several central disorders. Whereas their procognitive properties are well established, their antipsychotic-like properties are still debated. OBJECTIVES We further explored the effect of maximal doses (3-10 mg/kg) of ciproxifan, BF2.649, and ABT-239, three selective H(3)-receptor inverse agonists, on deficits of prepulse inhibition (PPI) induced by apomorphine, MK-801, and phencyclidine (PCP). Their effect was also investigated on stereotypies induced by apomorphine and methamphetamine. RESULTS Ciproxifan, BF2.649, and ABT-239 did not reverse the PPI impairment produced by apomorphine (0.5 mg/kg, subcutaneous) in rats. Ciproxifan and BF2.649 did not reverse the impairment induced in mice by MK-801 (0.3 mg/kg). Ciproxifan and BF2.649 also failed to reverse the disruption induced in mice by PCP (5-10 mg/kg). Low to moderate doses of haloperidol (0.1-0.4 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), alone or co-administered with BF2.649, did not reverse MK-801-induced PPI disruption. A high dose (1 mg/kg) of haloperidol partially reversed the MK-801-induced deficit and BF2.649 tended to increase this effect, although nonsignificantly. Whereas stereotypies induced in mice by apomorphine and methamphetamine were totally suppressed by haloperidol, the decrease induced by ciproxifan was partial against apomorphine and very low, if any, against methamphetamine. CONCLUSIONS Their total absence of effect in several validated animal models of the disease does not support antipsychotic properties of H(3)-receptor inverse agonists. However, their positive effects previously reported in behavioral tasks addressing learning, attention, and memory maintain the interest of H(3)-receptor inverse agonists for the treatment of cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia as adjunctive medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aude Burban
- Laboratoire de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire, INSERM/Université Paris Descartes, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014, Paris, France
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Histamine and histamine receptors in pathogenesis and treatment of multiple sclerosis. Neuropharmacology 2010; 59:180-9. [PMID: 20493888 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2010] [Revised: 05/09/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease associated with chronic inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS). Due to disease complexity and heterogeneity, its pathogenesis remains unknown and despite extensive studies, specific effective treatments have not yet been developed. The factors behind the initiation of the inflammatory reactions in CNS have not been identified until now. MS is considered as a complex disease depending on genetic as well as environmental factors. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is the preferential experimental rodent model for MS. Histamine [2-(4-imidazole) ethylamine] is a ubiquitous inflammatory mediator of diverse physiological processes including neurotransmission, secretion of pituitary hormones, and regulation of the gastrointestinal and circulatory systems which can modulate immune responses. Histamine functions are mediated through four G-protein coupled receptors that are named H1-H4 receptor. Histamine is implicated as an important factor in pathophysiology of MS and EAE. It has been shown that histamine can change the permeability of blood brain barrier, which leads to elevation of infiltrated cells in CNS and neuroinflammation. In contrast, there are evidence that show the protective role of histamine in MS and its animal model, EAE. In this review, we try to clarify the role of histamine in pathogenesis of MS, as well as we evaluate the efficacy of histamine receptors agonists and antagonists in treatment of this disease.
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Kitanaka J, Kitanaka N, Tatsuta T, Miyoshi A, Koumoto A, Tanaka KI, Nishiyama N, Morita Y, Takemura M. Pretreatment with l-histidine produces a shift from methamphetamine-induced stereotypical biting to persistent locomotion in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009; 94:464-70. [PMID: 19895842 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2009] [Revised: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The administration of methamphetamine (METH; 10mg/kg, i.p.) to male ICR mice induced bizarre behaviors including persistent locomotion and stereotypical behaviors, which were classified into four categories: stereotypical head-bobbing, circling, sniffing, and biting. Pretreatment with l-histidine (750 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased the stereotypical biting induced by METH and significantly increased persistent locomotion. This effect of l-histidine on behavior was completely abolished by simultaneous administration of pyrilamine or ketotifen (brain-penetrating histamine H(1) receptor antagonists; 10mg/kg each, i.p.), but not by the administration of fexofenadine (a non-sedating histamine H(1) receptor antagonist that does not cross the blood-brain barrier; 20mg/kg), zolantidine (a brain-penetrating histamine H(2) receptor antagonist; 10mg/kg), thioperamide, or clobenpropit (brain-penetrating histamine H(3) receptor antagonists; 10mg/kg each). The histamine content of the hypothalamus was significantly increased by l-histidine treatment. These data suggest that l-histidine modifies the effects of METH through central histamine H(1) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Kitanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
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III: Sustained-release betahistine dihydrochloride. Acta Otolaryngol 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/00016489209136844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Nowak P, Bortel A, Dabrowska J, Biedka I, Slomian G, Roczniak W, Kostrzewa RM, Brus R. Histamine H3 receptor ligands modulate L-dopa-evoked behavioral responses and L-dopa-derived extracellular dopamine in dopamine-denervated rat striatum. Neurotox Res 2008; 13:231-40. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03033506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
Mast cells have long been recognized for their role in immediate hypersensitivity reactions, by virtue of the presence of high affinity receptors for IgE (FcepsilonRI) on their surface. More recently, mast cells have been postulated to be involved in a variety of chronic inflammatory disorders as numerous mediators released by activated mast cells are characterized. This article summarizes current information on mast cell mediators, heterogeneity, and differentiation, and it reviews studies of mast cells in the normal eye and various ocular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie A Irani
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA 23229, USA.
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Funaki Y, Sato K, Kato M, Ishikawa Y, Iwata R, Yanai K. Evaluation of the binding characteristics of [18F]fluoroproxyfan in the rat brain for in vivo visualization of histamine H3 receptor. Nucl Med Biol 2007; 34:981-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2007.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2007] [Revised: 07/10/2007] [Accepted: 07/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Arrang JM. Le récepteur H3 de l’histamine : une cible pour de nouveaux traitements des troubles de l’éveil et de la cognition. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2007; 65:275-84. [PMID: 17652997 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4509(07)90047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor was identified in the 80's by our group as a presynaptic autoreceptor inhibiting histamine synthesis and release in the rat brain. Sixteen years later, cloning of the related human H3 receptor revealed the existence of isoforms, species pharmacological differences and a high constitutive (spontaneous) activity of the receptor. All these molecular findings have to be taken into account for optimizing aimed at clinical applications ligands. H3 receptor inverse agonists, by increasing histamine neuron activity, promote arousal and enhance cognitive performances. Pharmaceutical firms have shown considerable interest for this new class of drugs and many programmes of clinical development of H3 receptor inverse agonists for the treatment of arousal and cognitive disorders are presently being conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Arrang
- Inserm, Unité de neurobiologie et pharmacologie moléculaire (U 573), Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter, rue d'Alésia F 75014 Paris.
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Humbert-Claude M, Morisset S, Gbahou F, Arrang JM. Histamine H3 and dopamine D2 receptor-mediated [35S]GTPgamma[S] binding in rat striatum: evidence for additive effects but lack of interactions. Biochem Pharmacol 2007; 73:1172-81. [PMID: 17306767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2007.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 01/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The interactions in the rat striatum between H(3) receptors (H(3)Rs) and D(2) receptors (D(2)Rs) were investigated with the [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding assay. The H(3)R agonist (R)alpha-methylhistamine increased [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding to striatal membranes with an EC(50)=14+/-5 nM and a maximal effect of +19+/-1%. This effect was inhibited by the H(3)R antagonist ciproxifan with a K(i)=1.0+/-0.3 nM. The D(2)R agonist quinpirole increased [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding to the same membranes with an EC(50)=1.5+/-0.5 microM and a maximal effect of +28+/-2%. Its effect was blocked by haloperidol with a K(i)=0.3+/-0.1 nM. The maximal effects of the H(3)R and D(2)R agonists were additive (+46+/-3%). However, D(2)R ligands did not modify the effects of H(3)R ligands and vice versa. Ciproxifan behaved as an H(3)R inverse agonist and decreased [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding. Haloperidol had no effect and did not change the inverse agonist effect of ciproxifan. Administrations for 10 days of ciproxifan (1.5mg/kg/day) or haloperidol (0.5mg/kg/day) did not change the effects of quinpirole and (R)alpha-methylhistamine, respectively. These data suggest that striatal H(3)Rs and D(2)Rs do not interact through their coupling to G-proteins. However, a hyperactivity of histaminergic and dopaminergic neurons being observed in schizophrenia, the additive activations of H(3)Rs and D(2)Rs suggest that they cooperate to generate some schizophrenic symptoms. Such a postsynaptic mechanism may underlie the antipsychotic-like effects of H(3)R inverse agonists and supports their therapeutic interest, alone or as adjunctive treatment with neuroleptics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Humbert-Claude
- INSERM, Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U573), Centre Paul Broca, 75014 Paris, France
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Abstract
With the availability of an increased number of experimental tools, for example potent and brain-penetrating H1-, H2-, and H3-receptor ligands and mutant mice lacking the histamine synthesis enzyme or the histamine receptors, the functional roles of histaminergic neurons in the brain have been considerably clarified during the recent years, particularly their major role in the control of arousal, cognition, and energy balance. Various approaches tend to establish the implication of histaminergic neurons in schizophrenia. A strong hyperactivity of histamine neurons is induced in rodent brain by administration of methamphetamine or NMDA-receptor antagonists. Histamine neuron activity is modulated by typical and atypical neuroleptics. H3-receptor antagonists/inverse agonists display antipsychotic-like properties in animal models of the disease. Because of the limited predictability value of most animal models and the paucity of drugs affecting histaminergic transmission that were tried so far in human, the evidence remains therefore largely indirect, but supports a role of histamine neurons in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Arrang
- INSERM, U573, Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire, Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France
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Ligneau X, Perrin D, Landais L, Camelin JC, Calmels TPG, Berrebi-Bertrand I, Lecomte JM, Parmentier R, Anaclet C, Lin JS, Bertaina-Anglade V, la Rochelle CD, d'Aniello F, Rouleau A, Gbahou F, Arrang JM, Ganellin CR, Stark H, Schunack W, Schwartz JC. BF2.649 [1-{3-[3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propoxy]propyl}piperidine, Hydrochloride], a Nonimidazole Inverse Agonist/Antagonist at the Human Histamine H3 Receptor: Preclinical Pharmacology. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2006; 320:365-75. [PMID: 17005916 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.106.111039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine H3 receptor inverse agonists are known to enhance the activity of histaminergic neurons in brain and thereby promote vigilance and cognition. 1-{3-[3-(4-Chlorophenyl)propoxy]propyl}piperidine, hydrochloride (BF2.649) is a novel, potent, and selective nonimidazole inverse agonist at the recombinant human H3 receptor. On the stimulation of guanosine 5'-O-(3-[35S]thio)triphosphate binding to this receptor, BF2.649 behaved as a competitive antagonist with a Ki value of 0.16 nM and as an inverse agonist with an EC50 value of 1.5 nM and an intrinsic activity approximately 50% higher than that of ciproxifan. Its in vitro potency was approximately 6 times lower at the rodent receptor. In mice, the oral bioavailability coefficient, i.e., the ratio of plasma areas under the curve after oral and i.v. administrations, respectively, was 84%. BF2.649 dose dependently enhanced tele-methylhistamine levels in mouse brain, an index of histaminergic neuron activity, with an ED50 value of 1.6 mg/kg p.o., a response that persisted after repeated administrations for 17 days. In rats, the drug enhanced dopamine and acetylcholine levels in microdialysates of the prefrontal cortex. In cats, it markedly enhanced wakefulness at the expense of sleep states and also enhanced fast cortical rhythms of the electroencephalogram, known to be associated with improved vigilance. On the two-trial object recognition test in mice, a promnesiant effect was shown regarding either scopolamine-induced or natural forgetting. These preclinical data suggest that BF2.649 is a valuable drug candidate to be developed in wakefulness or memory deficits and other cognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Ligneau
- Bioprojet-Biotech, Saint Grégoire, France
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Yoshimoto R, Miyamoto Y, Takahashi K, Kotani H, Kanatani A, Tokita S. Impaired drinking response in histamine H3 receptor knockout mice following dehydration or angiotensin-II challenge. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2006; 84:504-10. [PMID: 16887177 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2006.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2006] [Revised: 06/14/2006] [Accepted: 06/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Histamine H3 receptors (H3Rs) are presynaptic receptors that negatively regulate the release of histamine. The present study examined the physiological role of H3Rs in drinking behavior. In water-replete rats, intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of R-alpha-methylhistamine (RalphaMeHA), an H3R agonist, elicited drinking behavior. In contrast, i.c.v. administration of thioperamide, an H3R inverse agonist, significantly attenuated the drinking behavior elicited by either overnight dehydration or i.c.v. administration of angiotensin-II (AT-II). Inhibition of histamine release with alpha-fluoromethylhistidine, an inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, did not elicit drinking behavior. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of thioperamide on drinking behavior in water-depleted rats were not mimicked by i.c.v. administration of histamine. These results suggest that the predominant effects of H3Rs on drinking behavior are not mediated by the modulation of histamine release. In H3R-deficient (H3RKO) mice, drinking behavior induced by overnight dehydration or i.c.v. administration of AT-II was significantly impaired compared to wild type mice. Collectively, these observations suggest that brain H3Rs play a pivotal role in drinking behavior in response to dehydration and AT-II, and these effects may be largely independent of the modulation of histaminergic tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Yoshimoto
- Tsukuba Research Institute, BANYU Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
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41
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Gbahou F, Vincent L, Humbert-Claude M, Tardivel-Lacombe J, Chabret C, Arrang JM. Compared pharmacology of human histamine H3 and H4 receptors: structure-activity relationships of histamine derivatives. Br J Pharmacol 2006; 147:744-54. [PMID: 16432504 PMCID: PMC1751501 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0706666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Various histamine derivatives were investigated at the human H3 receptor (H3R) and H4 receptor (H4R) stably expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells using [125I]iodoproxyfan and [3H]histamine binding, respectively. In Tris buffer, [3H]histamine binding to membranes of HEK(hH4R) cells was monophasic (K(D) of 3.8+/-0.8 nM). In phosphate buffer, the Hill coefficient was decreased (n(H) = 0.5+/-0.1) and a large fraction of the binding was converted into a low-affinity component (K(D) = 67+/-27 nM). The inhibition of [3H]histamine binding by two agonists, a protean agonist and five antagonists/inverse agonists confirms that the potency of many H3R ligands is retained or only slightly reduced at the H4R. Histamine derivatives substituted with methyl groups in alpha, beta or N(alpha) position of the side chain retained a nanomolar potency at the H3R, but their affinity was dramatically decreased at the H4R. With relative potencies to histamine of 282 and 0.13% at the H3R and H4R, respectively, (+/-)-alpha,beta-dimethylhistamine is a potent and selective H3R agonist. Chiral alpha-branched analogues exhibited a marked stereoselectivity at the H3R and H4R, the enantiomers with a configuration equivalent to L-histidine being preferred at both receptors. The methylsubstitution of the imidazole ring was also studied. The relative potency to histamine of 4-methylhistamine (4-MeHA) at the H4R (67%) was similar to that reported at H2 receptors but, owing to its high affinity at the H4R (Ki = 7.0+/-1.2 nM) and very low potency at H1- and H3-receptors, it can be considered as a potent and selective H4R agonist. On inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP formation, all the compounds tested, including 4-MeHA, behaved as full agonists at both receptors. However, the maximal inhibition achieved at the H4R (approximately -30%) was much lower than at the H3R (approximately -80%). Thioperamide behaved as an inverse agonist at both receptors and increased cAMP formation with the same maximal effect (approximately +25%). In conclusion, although the pharmacological profiles of the human H3R and H4R overlap, the structure-activity relationships of histamine derivatives at both receptors strongly differ and lead to the identification of selective compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Gbahou
- INSERM, Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U573), Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Ludwig Vincent
- INSERM, Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U573), Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Marie Humbert-Claude
- INSERM, Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U573), Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Joel Tardivel-Lacombe
- INSERM, Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U573), Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Claude Chabret
- INSERM, Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U573), Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Arrang
- INSERM, Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U573), Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France
- Author for correspondence:
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Song J, Doucette C, Hanniford D, Hunady K, Wang N, Sherf B, Harrington JJ, Brunden KR, Stricker-Krongrad A. Generation of Cell Lines for Drug Discovery Through Random Activation of Gene Expression: Application to the Human Histamine H3 Receptor. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2005; 3:309-18. [PMID: 15971992 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2005.3.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Target-based high-throughput screening (HTS) plays an integral role in drug discovery. The implementation of HTS assays generally requires high expression levels of the target protein, and this is typically accomplished using recombinant cDNA methodologies. However, the isolated gene sequences to many drug targets have intellectual property claims that restrict the ability to implement drug discovery programs. The present study describes the pharmacological characterization of the human histamine H3 receptor that was expressed using random activation of gene expression (RAGE), a technology that over-expresses proteins by up-regulating endogenous genes rather than introducing cDNA expression vectors into the cell. Saturation binding analysis using [125I]iodoproxyfan and RAGE-H3 membranes revealed a single class of binding sites with a K(D) value of 0.77 nM and a B(max) equal to 756 fmol/mg of protein. Competition binding studies showed that the rank order of potency for H3 agonists was N(alpha)-methylhistamine approximately (R)-alpha- methylhistamine > histamine and that the rank order of potency for H3 antagonists was clobenpropit > iodophenpropit > thioperamide. The same rank order of potency for H3 agonists and antagonists was observed in the functional assays as in the binding assays. The Fluorometic Imaging Plate Reader assays in RAGE-H3 cells gave high Z' values for agonist and antagonist screening, respectively. These results reveal that the human H3 receptor expressed with the RAGE technology is pharmacologically comparable to that expressed through recombinant methods. Moreover, the level of expression of the H3 receptor in the RAGE-H3 cells is suitable for HTS and secondary assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Athersys, Inc., Cleveland, OH 44115, USA
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43
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Bosker FJ, Westerink BHC, Cremers TIFH, Gerrits M, van der Hart MGC, Kuipers SD, van der Pompe G, ter Horst GJ, den Boer JA, Korf J. Future antidepressants: what is in the pipeline and what is missing? CNS Drugs 2004; 18:705-32. [PMID: 15330686 DOI: 10.2165/00023210-200418110-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Monoamine reuptake inhibitors still reign in the treatment of major depression, but possibly not for long. While medicinal chemists have been able to reduce the side effects of these drugs, their delayed onset of action and considerable non-response rate remain problematic. Of late, serious questions have been raised regarding the efficacy of monoamine reuptake inhibitors. The present review presents an inventory of what is (and until recently was) in the antidepressant pipeline of pharmaceutical companies. Novel antidepressant compounds can be categorised into four groups depending on their target(s): (i) monoamine receptors; (ii) non-monoamine receptors; (iii) neuropeptide receptors; and (iv) hormone receptors. Other possible targets include components of post-receptor intracellular processes and elements of the immune system; to date, however, compounds specifically aimed at these targets have not been the subject of clinical trials. Development of several compounds targeted at monoamine receptors has recently been discontinued. At least five neurokinin-1 (NK(1)) receptor antagonists were until recently in phase II of clinical testing. However, the apparent interest in the NK(1) receptor should not be interpreted as representing a departure from the monoamine hypothesis since neurokinins also modulate monoaminergic systems. In the authors' view, development of future antidepressants will continue to rely on the serendipity-based monoamine hypothesis. However, an alternative approach, based on the hypothesis that chronic stress precipitates depressive symptoms, might be more productive. Unfortunately, clinical results using drugs targeted at components of the HPA axis have not been very encouraging to date. In the short run, the authors believe that augmentation strategies offer the best hope for improving the efficacy of antidepressant treatment. Several approaches to improve the efficacy of SSRIs are conceivable, such as concurrent blockade of monoamine autoreceptors and the addition of antipsychotics, neuromodulators or hormones (HPA axis and gender related). In the long-term, however, construction of a scientifically verified conceptual framework will be needed before more effective antidepressants can be developed. It can be argued that it is not depression itself that should be treated, but rather that its duration should be reduced by pharmacological means. Animal models that take this concept into consideration and identify mechanisms for acceleration of recovery from the effects of stress need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fokko J Bosker
- Department of Psychiatry, University and University Hospital of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30 001, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands.
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Nagai K, Niijima A, Yamano T, Otani H, Okumra N, Tsuruoka N, Nakai M, Kiso Y. Possible role of L-carnosine in the regulation of blood glucose through controlling autonomic nerves. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2003; 228:1138-45. [PMID: 14610252 DOI: 10.1177/153537020322801007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian muscles synthesize L-carnosine, but its roles were unknown. Previously, we found in rats that the administration of a certain amount of L-carnosine elicited an inhibition of the hyperglycemia induced by the injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) into the lateral cerebral ventricle (LCV), and that intravenous injection of L-carnosine inhibited sympathetic nerves and facilitated the parasympathetic nerve. Moreover, the suppressive effect of L-carnosine on the hyperglycemia induced by 2DG was eliminated by thioperamide, a histaminergic H3 receptor. These findings suggested that L-carnosine might control the blood glucose level through regulating autonomic nerves via H3 receptor. To further clarify the function of L-carnosine, we examined its role in the control of the blood glucose. In this experiment, the following results were observed in rats: (i) A certain amount (0.01% or 0.001%) but not a larger amount (0.1%) of L-carnosine given as a diet suppressed the hyperglycemia induced by LCV-injection of 2DG (2DG-hyperglycemia); (ii) LCV-injection but not the injection into the intraperitoneal space (IP) of a certain amount of L-histidine suppressed the 2DG-hyperglycemia; (iii) treatments of diphenhydramine, an H1 antagonist, and alpha-fluoromethylhistidine, an inhibitor of histamine-synthesizing enzyme, reduced the 2DG-hyperglycemia; (iv) the plasma L-carnosine concentration and carnosinase activity showed daily changes; (v) the plasma L-carnosine concentration was significantly lower in the streptozotocin-diabetic rats; (vi) exercise by a running wheel tended to increase carnosine synthase activity in the gastrocnemius muscle and elevated the plasma L-carnosine concentration in the dark (active) period, and enhanced the plasma carnosinase activity in the light period; (vii) IP-injection of certain amount of L-carnosine stimulated the feeding response to IP-injection of 2DG. These findings suggest a possibility that L-carnosine released from muscles due to exercise functions to reduce the blood glucose level through the regulation of the autonomic nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Nagai
- Division of Protein Metabolism, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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Hancock AA, Esbenshade TA, Krueger KM, Yao BB. Genetic and pharmacological aspects of histamine H3 receptor heterogeneity. Life Sci 2003; 73:3043-72. [PMID: 14550847 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2003.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Histaminergic H3 receptors modulate the release of neurotransmitters within the CNS and periphery. Ligands for these receptors have potential clinical utility in a variety of disease states. However, the pharmacological characteristics of these receptors have been enigmatic for more than a decade because of the diversity of pharmacological effects observed with the limited number of heretofore-available compounds. Recent cloning of the H3 receptor has revealed interspecies differences in the protein sequences in key regions, the existence of splice variants that differ in composition between species, and potential differences in signal transduction processes between either different tissues and/or species. This review attempts to summarize these findings within the context of the molecular biological and pharmacological data accumulated to date. Also, we suggest a nomenclature strategy to reduce potential confusion that has arisen from different naming systems used by various investigators. While some facets of this genetic and pharmacological diversity help to rationalize various aspects of H3 receptor heterogeneity, there remains an insufficient repertoire of selective ligands, assays, or other measures to completely resolve all components of this diversity. The promise of newly available tools to further explore H3 receptor function may provide the insight to bring the promised clinical potential of H3 receptor ligands to realization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A Hancock
- Neuroscience Research, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL 60064-6125, USA.
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46
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Westerink BHC, Cremers TIFH, De Vries JB, Liefers H, Tran N, De Boer P. Evidence for activation of histamine H3 autoreceptors during handling stress in the prefrontal cortex of the rat. Synapse 2002; 43:238-43. [PMID: 11835518 DOI: 10.1002/syn.10043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
On-line microdialysis of histamine in 10-min samples of the prefrontal cortex of the conscious rat is described. The HPLC-fluorescent assay for histamine in dialysates has been significantly simplified by using only one postcolumn reagent line instead of the three reagent lines described in earlier methods. The method is selective, sensitive (detection limit: 2-3 fmol on column), and linear over a large concentration range. Basal values of histamine decreased to about 50% of basal levels during infusion of tetrodotoxin (5 x 10(-6) M). Handling rats for 15 min increased histamine in dialysates to about 300% of basal levels. When tetrodotoxin (10(-6) M) was applied during handling the increase in histamine release was strongly (about 80%) suppressed. The handling-induced increase in histamine was used as a paradigm to investigate the functional activity of histamine H3 autoreceptors during mild stress or arousal. An H3 receptor specific agonist (alpha-methylhistamine; 10(-5) M) and antagonist (thioperamide; 10(-5) M) were infused into the frontal cortex via the microdialysis probe. The effect of handling on histamine release was potentiated during infusion of thioperamide and fully suppressed during infusion of alpha-methylhistamine. These results clearly illustrate the efficacy of the H3 autoreceptor in modulating stimulated histamine release during natural stimulatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben H C Westerink
- Department of Biomonitoring and Sensoring, University Center for Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Groningen 9713AV, the Netherlands.
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Stark H, Arrang JM, Ligneau X, Garbarg M, Ganellin CR, Schwartz JC, Schunack W. The histamine H3 receptor and its ligands. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2002; 38:279-308. [PMID: 11774797 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6468(08)70096-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Stark
- Freie Universität Berlin, Institut für Pharmazie, Königin-Luise-Strasse 2 + 4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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48
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Rouleau A, Ligneau X, Tardivel-Lacombe J, Morisset S, Gbahou F, Schwartz JC, Arrang JM. Histamine H3-receptor-mediated [35S]GTP gamma[S] binding: evidence for constitutive activity of the recombinant and native rat and human H3 receptors. Br J Pharmacol 2002; 135:383-92. [PMID: 11815373 PMCID: PMC1573152 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive activity of the recombinant and native rat and human H(3) receptors (H(3)Rs) was studied using H(3)R-mediated [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding and [(3)H]-arachidonic acid release. Ciproxifan, an inverse agonist at the rat H(3)R (rH(3)R), decreased [(3)H]arachidonic acid release from CHO cells expressing moderate densities (approximately 200 - 300 fmol mg(-1) protein) of the human H(3)R (hH(3)R). This effect occurred with the same magnitude than at the rH(3)R. The expression of the hH(3)R was associated with an increase in [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding to membranes of CHO cells. Ciproxifan decreased [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding to membranes of CHO (hH(3)R) cells. Both effects were correlated to receptor density and revealed that constitutive activity of the hH(3)R, although lower than that of the rH(3)R in this assay, was again observed at physiological densities (<500 fmol mg(-1) protein). Ciproxifan was less potent at the human than the rat receptor, not only as an antagonist (K(i)=45 nM), but also as an inverse agonist (EC(50)=15 nM). Constitutive activity of the hH(3)R was also evidenced using inhibition of [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding by unlabelled GTPgammaS. The expression of the hH(3)R generated a high affinity binding for GTPgammaS which was increased by imetit, but partially decreased by ciproxifan, therefore acting as a partial inverse agonist. [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding to rat brain membranes was decreased in several regions by thioperamide, ciproxifan and FUB 465, three inverse agonists at the H(3)R, whose effects were blocked by proxyfan, a neutral antagonist. [(35)S]GTPgamma[S] binding was also decreased by an A(1)-adenosine receptor inverse agonist, but remained unchanged in the presence of inverse agonists at D(2)/D(3) dopamine, H(1) and H(2) histamine, alpha(2)-adrenergic and delta opioid receptors. In conclusion, the present study shows that the recombinant rat and human H(3) receptors expressed at physiological densities display constitutive activity and suggests that constitutive activity of native H(3)Rs is one of the highest among G-protein-coupled receptors present in rat brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rouleau
- Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U.109) de l'INSERM, Centre Paul Broca, 2ter rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France.
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Schwartz JC, Morisset S, Rouleau A, Tardivel-Lacombe J, Gbahou F, Ligneau X, Héron A, Sasse A, Stark H, Schunack W, Ganellin RC, Arrang JM. Application of genomics to drug design: the example of the histamine H3 receptor. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2001; 11:441-8. [PMID: 11704421 DOI: 10.1016/s0924-977x(01)00121-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The histamine H(3) receptor was characterized in the 1980s as an autoreceptor regulating histamine release in brain. Since then, selective drugs have been designed, many of them displaying a high potency in vivo, and used in many studies to delineate the implications of cerebral histaminergic systems in physiological functions such as arousal or cognitive functions. The recent cloning of the H(3) receptor, more than 15 years later, has allowed to start molecular studies that led to important findings for optimization of drug design. In agreement some ligands display distinct affinities for the recombinant rat and human H(3) receptors, a difference that we assign to two amino acids in the third transmembrane domain. In addition, H(3) autoreceptors present in the brain display high constitutive activity including in vivo. As a consequence, inverse agonists enhance histamine neuron activity and constitute a novel potential therapeutic approach to schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Schwartz
- Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U.109) INSERM, Centre Paul Broca, 2ter Rue d'Alésia, 75014 Paris, France.
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50
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Yamano T, Niijima A, Iimori S, Tsuruoka N, Kiso Y, Nagai K. Effect of L-carnosine on the hyperglycemia caused by intracranial injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose in rats. Neurosci Lett 2001; 313:78-82. [PMID: 11684344 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(01)02231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Effects of a chicken essence and one of its components, L-carnosine, on the hyperglycemia caused by intracranial injection of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG-hyperglycemia) in unanesthetized rats were examined. The chicken essence inhibited the 2DG-hyperglycemia. Central or peripheral administration of specific doses of L-carnosine reduced the 2DG-hyperglycemia. L-carnosine inhibited neural activities of sympathetic efferent nerves innervating the adrenal gland and liver and facilitated the activity of vagal celiac nerve innervating the pancreas in urethane anesthetized rats. Specific doses of histamine also suppressed the 2DG-hyperglycemia, and thioperamide eliminated the inhibiting actions of both histamine and L-carnosine on the 2DG-hyperglycemia. Considering mammalian muscles contain L-carnosine, these facts suggest a possibility that L-carnosine might be an endogenous control factor of the blood glucose level through autonomic nerves via H3-receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Yamano
- Division of Protein Metabolism, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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