1
|
Sandoval-Martínez J, Badano EI, Guerra-Coss FA, Flores Cano JA, Flores J, Gelviz-Gelvez SM, Barragán-Torres F. Selecting tree species to restore forest under climate change conditions: Complementing species distribution models with field experimentation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 329:117038. [PMID: 36528941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The long-term success of forest restoration programs can be improved using climate-based species distribution models (SDMs) to predict which tree species will tolerate climate change. However, as SDMs cannot estimate if species will recruit at these habitats, determining whether their predictions apply to early life-cycle stages of trees is critical to support such a usage. For this, we propose sowing seeds of the focal tree species under the current climate and simulated climate change conditions in target restoration sites. Thus, using of SDMs to design climate-adaptive forest restoration programs would be supported if the differences in habitat occupancy probabilities of species they predict between the current and future climate concurs with the observed differences in recruitment rates of species when sowed under the current climate and simulated climate change conditions. To test this hypothesis, we calibrated SDMs for Vachellia pennatula and Prosopis laevigata, two pioneer tree species widely recommended to restore human-degraded drylands in Mexico, and transferred them to climate change scenarios. After that, we applied the experimental approach proposed above to validate the predictions of SDMs. These models predicted that V. pennatula will decrease its habitat occupancy probabilities across Mexico, while P. laevigata was predicted to keep out their current habitat occupancy probabilities, or even increase them, in climate change scenarios. The results of the field experiment supported these predictions, as recruitment rates of V. pennatula were lower under simulated climate change than under the current climate, while no differences were found for the recruitment rates of P. laevigata between these environmental conditions. These findings demonstrate that SDMs provide meaningful insights for designing climate-adaptive forest restoration programs but, before applying this methodology, predictions of these models must be validated with field experiments to determine whether the focal tree species will recruit under climate change conditions. Moreover, as the pioneer trees used to test our proposal seem to be differentially sensitive to climate change, this approach also allows establishing what species must be prescribed to restore forests with a view to the future and what species must be avoided in these practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Sandoval-Martínez
- IPICYT/División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Colonia Lomas 4(a) Sección, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ernesto I Badano
- IPICYT/División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Colonia Lomas 4(a) Sección, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
| | - Francisco A Guerra-Coss
- IPICYT/División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Colonia Lomas 4(a) Sección, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Jorge A Flores Cano
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Carretera San Luis - Matehuala Km. 14.5, Ejido Palma de la Cruz, 78321, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Joel Flores
- IPICYT/División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Colonia Lomas 4(a) Sección, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Sandra Milena Gelviz-Gelvez
- Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, De Altaïr 200, Colonia del Llano, 78377, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Felipe Barragán-Torres
- CONACYT-IPICYT/División de Ciencias Ambientales, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Colonia Lomas 4a Sección, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rauschendorfer J, Rooney R, Külheim C. Strategies to mitigate shifts in red oak (Quercus sect. Lobatae) distribution under a changing climate. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:2383-2400. [PMID: 35867476 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpac090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Red oaks (Quercus sect. Lobatae) are a taxonomic group of hardwood trees, which occur in swamp forests, subtropical chaparral and savannahs from Columbia to Canada. They cover a wide range of ecological niches, and many species are thought to be able to cope with current trends in climate change. Genus Quercus encompasses ca. 500 species, of which ca. 80 make up sect. Lobatae. Species diversity is greatest within the southeastern USA and within the northern and eastern regions of Mexico. This review discusses the weak reproductive barriers between species of red oaks and the effects this has on speciation and niche range. Distribution and diversity have been shaped by drought adaptations common to the species of sect. Lobatae, which enable them to fill various xeric niches across the continent. Drought adaptive traits of this taxonomic group include deciduousness, deep tap roots, ring-porous xylem, regenerative stump sprouting, greater leaf thickness and smaller stomata. The complex interplay between these anatomical and morphological traits has given red oaks features of drought tolerance and avoidance. Here, we discuss physiological and genetic components of these adaptations to address how many species of sect. Lobatae reside within xeric sites and/or sustain normal metabolic function during drought. Although extensive drought adaptation appears to give sect. Lobatae a resilience to climate change, aging tree stands, oak life history traits and the current genetic structures place many red oak species at risk. Furthermore, oak decline, a complex interaction between abiotic and biotic agents, has severe effects on red oaks and is likely to accelerate species decline and fragmentation. We suggest that assisted migration can be used to avoid species fragmentation and increase climate change resilience of sect. Lobatae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Rauschendorfer
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| | - Rebecca Rooney
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Carsten Külheim
- College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chiu-Valderrama J, Siurob-Espíndola B, Zúñiga-Vega J, de la Vega-Pérez AD, Canales-Gordillo B, Jaramillo-Alba J, Akcali C, Cuervo-Robayo A, Pérez-Mendoza H. Nowhere to go: Potential distribution shifts of a widespread lizard under two climate change scenarios. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
4
|
Tonione MA, Bi K, Dunn RR, Lucky A, Portik DM, Tsutsui ND. Phylogeography and population genetics of a widespread cold-adapted ant, Prenolepis imparis. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:4884-4899. [PMID: 35866574 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As species arise, evolve, and diverge, they are shaped by forces that unfold across short and long time scales and at both local and vast geographic scales. It is rare, however, to be able document this history across broad sweeps of time and space in a single species. Here, we report the results of a continental-scale phylogenomic analysis across the entire range of a widespread species. We analyzed sequences of 1,402 orthologous Ultraconserved Element (UCE) loci from 75 individuals to identify population genetic structure and historical demographic patterns across the continent-wide range of a cold-adapted ant, the winter ant, Prenolepis imparis. We recovered five well-supported, genetically isolated clades representing lineages that diverged from 8.2-2.2 million years ago. These include: 1) an early diverging lineage located in Florida, 2) a lineage that spans the southern United States, 3) populations that extend across the midwestern and northeastern United States, 4) populations from the western United States, and 5) populations in southwestern Arizona and Mexico. Population genetic analyses revealed little or no gene flow among these lineages, but patterns consistent with more recent gene flow among populations within lineages, and localized structure with migration in the western United States. High support for five major geographic lineages and lack of evidence of contemporary gene flow indicate in situ diversification across the species' range, producing relatively ancient lineages that persisted through subsequent climate change and glaciation during the Quaternary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Adelena Tonione
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, 130 Mulford Hall, #3114, University of California-, 94720-3114, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ke Bi
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Computational Genomics Resource Laboratory (CGRL), California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Robert R Dunn
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, David Clark Labs, Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Andrea Lucky
- Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, 32608, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Daniel M Portik
- California Academy of Sciences, 94118, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Neil Durie Tsutsui
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, 130 Mulford Hall, #3114, University of California-, 94720-3114, Berkeley, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Smith GR, Lemos-Espinal JA. Factors related to species richness, endemism, and conservation status of the herpetofauna (Amphibia and Reptilia) of Mexican states. Zookeys 2022; 1097:85-101. [PMID: 35837582 PMCID: PMC9046365 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1097.80424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mexico is a megadiverse country with high endemicity in its herpetofauna. We examine how species richness, proportion of state and country endemic species, and proportion of species in a category of conservation concern using listings in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List and the Secretaría del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT) in 27 of 32 Mexican states are related to environmental and human demographic and socioeconomic variables. Amphibian and reptile species richness were positively related to latitude range and number of physiographic regions and negatively related to latitude. The proportion of state endemic amphibian species in a state was negatively related to latitude whereas no variables influenced the proportion in reptiles. The proportion of country endemics in a state was positively related to human population density and the number of physiographic regions and negatively related to per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and latitude range for amphibians; it was positively related to human population density and elevation range and negatively related to latitude range for reptiles. The proportion of amphibian species in an IUCN category of concern in a state was positively related to human population density and negatively related to latitude; for reptiles, it was negatively related to human population density. The proportion of SEMARNAT-listed species in a state was positively related to human population density for both amphibians and reptiles and negatively related to latitude range for amphibians. Our analyses found that larger macroecological patterns (e.g., latitudinal species gradient, heterogeneity-richness relationships) and human population density play important roles in determining the richness and conservation status of Mexican amphibians and reptiles.
Collapse
|
6
|
Cost Analysis of Seed Conservation of Commercial Pine Species Vulnerable to Climate Change in Mexico. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mexico is home to 40% of the pine species in the world. By the year 2050, 20% of the Mexican forests could be lost because of climate change and other human-related activities. In this paper, we determine the potential areas for seed collecting of four species of the genus Pinus and its ex situ economic value under different future Climate Change Scenarios (CCS). The species analyzed were Pinus oocarpa Schiede ex Schltdl, P. rudis Endl., P. culminícola Andresen et Beaman and P. leiophylla Schiede ex Schltdl. and Cham which together accounts for 19% of the timber production in Mexico. Potential areas of distribution of populations in habitats with Annual Mean Maximum Temperatures (AMMT) for seed collection were modelled through a Geographic Information System and climate database. The seed storage economic value was determined by using the Collection Cost Method. The AMMT of P. oocarpa, P. rudis, P. culminícola and P. leiophylla were 28 °C, 20 °C, 18.3 °C and 27.4 °C, respectively. The economic losses from shortages of these species due to CCS in 2050, were estimated of 88.5 million (USD) and 67.16 million (USD) with severe and conservative future CCS, respectively. The nominal investment rate would be 8.84% or more, for storing seeds of the four species and withstanding climate change. An ex situ seed bank is a medium and long-term investment; among its benefits are establishing a market price for the use and conservation of species in the face of possible adverse scenarios.
Collapse
|
7
|
How Timber Harvest Affects the Structure and Diversity of a Montane Forest in Southern Mexico. FORESTS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/f12070895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Timber extraction directly affects forest structure by opening the canopy, reducing the density and volume of dominant species, and transforming the composition, diversity, and functioning of the forest. We analyze the richness, diversity, and basal area of tree species in a pine–oak montane forest under two stages of the Silvicultural Development Method (thinning and liberation cut treatments) in comparison with remnants of forest considered to be control treatment in the Ocotones forest. Timber extraction began 14 years previously but its effect on the tree structure has not been studied to date in this area. We quantified and measured all the trees with a diameter at breast height >5 cm in 12 0.1 ha circular plots in each treatment. Diversity (Hill numbers) and the importance value index were calculated in each treatment. Observed species richness did not differ between treatments; Pinus oocarpa Schiede ex Schltdl. and Quercus sapotifolia Liebm. were the dominant species regardless of treatment. The principal differences in density and basal area among the treatments were found between the small oaks and small pines. In general, tree density recovered in managed areas because of newly recruited pines and re-sprouting oaks. Although no significant reduction in species richness was detected between treatments, species composition and vegetation structure were modified by the extraction of pine timber and the permanence of many large oaks. Silvicultural treatments appear to create conditions favorable to the maintenance of species richness. The silvicultural interventions in the site meet the objectives of timber production, regeneration, and biodiversity conservation; however, the question of how long the forest can maintain its species diversity and structure after timber extraction remains to be addressed.
Collapse
|
8
|
Tang X, Yuan Y, Li X, Zhang J. Maximum Entropy Modeling to Predict the Impact of Climate Change on Pine Wilt Disease in China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:652500. [PMID: 33968109 PMCID: PMC8102737 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.652500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pine wilt disease is a devastating forest disease caused by the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, which has been listed as the object of quarantine in China. Climate change influences species and may exacerbate the risk of forest diseases, such as the pine wilt disease. The maximum entropy (MaxEnt) model was used in this study to identify the current and potential distribution and habitat suitability of three pine species and B. xylophilus in China. Further, the potential distribution was modeled using the current (1970-2000) and the projected (2050 and 2070) climate data based on two representative concentration pathways (RCP 2.6 and RCP 8.5), and fairly robust prediction results were obtained. Our model identified that the area south of the Yangtze River in China was the most severely affected place by pine wilt disease, and the eastern foothills of the Tibetan Plateau acted as a geographical barrier to pest distribution. Bioclimatic variables related to temperature influenced pine trees' distribution, while those related to precipitation affected B. xylophilus's distribution. In the future, the suitable area of B. xylophilus will continue to increase; the shifts in the center of gravity of the suitable habitats of the three pine species and B. xylophilus will be different under climate change. The area ideal for pine trees will migrate slightly northward under RCP 8.5. The pine species will continue to face B. xylophilus threat in 2050 and 2070 under the two distinct climate change scenarios. Therefore, we should plan appropriate measures to prevent its expansion. Predicting the distribution of pine species and the impact of climate change on forest diseases is critical for controlling the pests according to local conditions. Thus, the MaxEnt model proposed in this study can be potentially used to forecast the species distribution and disease risks and provide guidance for the timely prevention and management of B. xylophilus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinggang Tang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingdan Yuan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangming Li
- College of Materials Sciences and Technology, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, China
| | - Jinchi Zhang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Restoration, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Martin MP, Peters CM, Asbjornsen H, Ashton MS. Diversity and niche differentiation of a mixed pine–oak forest in the Sierra Norte, Oaxaca, Mexico. Ecosphere 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith P. Martin
- The Forest School Yale School of the Environment New Haven Connecticut06511USA
| | - Charles M. Peters
- The New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Boulevard The Bronx New York10458USA
| | - Heidi Asbjornsen
- University of New Hampshire 105 Main Street Durham New Hampshire03824USA
| | - Mark S. Ashton
- The Forest School Yale School of the Environment New Haven Connecticut06511USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cuervo-Robayo AP, Ureta C, Gómez-Albores MA, Meneses-Mosquera AK, Téllez-Valdés O, Martínez-Meyer E. One hundred years of climate change in Mexico. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0209808. [PMID: 32673306 PMCID: PMC7365465 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatial assessments of historical climate change provide information that can be used by scientists to analyze climate variation over time and evaluate, for example, its effects on biodiversity, in order to focus their research and conservation efforts. Despite the fact that there are global climatic databases available at high spatial resolution, they represent a short temporal window that impedes evaluating historical changes of climate and their impacts on biodiversity. To fill this gap, we developed climate gridded surfaces for Mexico for three periods that cover most of the 20th and early 21st centuries: t1-1940 (1910–1949), t2-1970 (1950–1979) and t3-2000 (1980–2009), and used these interpolated surfaces to describe how climate has changed over time, both countrywide and in its 19 biogeographic provinces. Results from our characterization of climate change indicate that the mean annual temperature has increased by nearly 0.2°C on average across the whole country from t2-1970 to t3-2000. However, changes have not been spatially uniform: Nearctic provinces in the north have suffered higher temperature increases than southern tropical regions. Central and southern provinces cooled at the beginning of the 20th century but warmed consistently since the 1970s. Precipitation increased between t1-1940 and t2-1970 across the country, more notably in the northern provinces, and it decreased between t2-1970 and t3-2000 in most of the country. Results on the historical climate conditions in Mexico may be useful for climate change analyses for both environmental and social sciences. Nonetheless, our climatology was based on information from climate stations for which 9.4–36.2% presented inhomogeneities over time probably owing to non-climatic factors, and climate station density changed over time. Therefore, the estimated changes observed in our analysis need to be interpreted cautiously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela P. Cuervo-Robayo
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
- Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y Uso de la Biodiversidad (Conabio), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carolina Ureta
- Cátedras-Departamento de Ciencias Atmosféricas, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Miguel A. Gómez-Albores
- Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, México
| | - Anny K. Meneses-Mosquera
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Oswaldo Téllez-Valdés
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Unidad de Biotecnología y Prototipos, Laboratorio de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, México
| | - Enrique Martínez-Meyer
- Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Long-Term Wood Micro-Density Variation in Alpine Forests at Central México and Their Spatial Links with Remotely Sensed Information. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11040452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ongoing climate variability strongly affects high-elevation forests, influencing the wood formation process (e.g., xylogenesis). Furthermore, spatio-temporal studies to establish links of wood properties and tree performance are needed. Using linear mixed-effects models, empirical cumulative distribution functions, and spatial analysis, we explore time trends and space connections of wood density of Pinus hartwegii Lindl. to remotely sensed variables (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer MODIS-derived) in two high-elevation forests in México, Tláloc (TLA) and Jocotitlán (JOC) Mountains. Results indicated that elevation and cambial age effects are important factors explaining wood density variation. Minimum earlywood—MID, average—AVE, and maximum latewood density—MXD were statistically similar between mountains (p > 0.05), but TLA showed a significant increase in MID over time with higher values after 1950. Wood density values and spatial correlations were site-dependent with TLA exhibiting the highest correlations between MXD and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the spring season (r = 0.59, p < 0.05). Overall, correlations to remotely sensed information were positive with MXD, negative for MID and divergent for AVE. Historical temperature defines MID along the elevation gradient, while MXD was related to soil moisture only at low-elevation sites where soils are deeper. We found that two high-elevation forests, 115 km away from each other, with similar climate, soil, and vegetation, behaved differently regarding their xylogenesis, indicating the potential of using the link between wood micro-density and remotely sensed information to understand forest response to climate change effects.
Collapse
|
12
|
Gómez-Pineda E, Sáenz-Romero C, Ortega-Rodríguez JM, Blanco-García A, Madrigal-Sánchez X, Lindig-Cisneros R, Lopez-Toledo L, Pedraza-Santos ME, Rehfeldt GE. Suitable climatic habitat changes for Mexican conifers along altitudinal gradients under climatic change scenarios. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2020; 30:e02041. [PMID: 31758621 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The high biodiversity of the Mexican montane forests is concentrated on the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, where several Protected Natural Areas exist. Our study examines the projected changes in suitable climatic habitat for five conifer species that dominate these forests. The species are distributed sequentially in overlapping altitudinal bands: Pinus hartwegii at the upper timberline, followed by Abies religiosa, the overwintering host of the Monarch butterfly at the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve, P. pseudostrobus, the most important in economic terms, and P. devoniana and P. oocarpa, which are important for resin production and occupy low altitudes where montane conifers merge with tropical dry forests. We fit a bioclimatic model to presence-absence observations for each species using the Random Forests classification tree with ground plot data. The models are driven by normal climatic variables from 1961 to 1990, which represents the reference period for climate-induced vegetation changes. Climate data from an ensemble of 17 general circulation models were run through the classification tree to project current distributions under climates described by the RCP 6.0 watts/m2 scenario for the decades centered on years 2030, 2060 and 2090. The results suggest that, by 2060, the climate niche of each species will occur at elevations that are between 300 to 500 m higher than at present. By 2060, habitat loss could amount to 46-77%, mostly affecting the lower limits of distribution. The two species at the highest elevation, P. hartwegii and A. religiosa, would suffer the greatest losses while, at the lower elevations, P. oocarpa would gain the most niche space. Our results suggest that conifers will require human assistance to migrate altitudinally upward in order to recouple populations with the climates to which they are adapted. Traditional in situ conservation measures are likely to be equivalent to inaction and will therefore be incapable of maintaining current forest compositions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Gómez-Pineda
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMSNH), Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza, Morelia, Michoacán, 58330, México
| | - Cuauhtémoc Sáenz-Romero
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, UMSNH, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza, Morelia, Michoacán, 58330, México
| | | | - Arnulfo Blanco-García
- Facultad de Biología, UMSNH, Francisco J. Múgica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia, Michoacán, 58030, México
| | - Xavier Madrigal-Sánchez
- Facultad de Biología, UMSNH, Francisco J. Múgica s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia, Michoacán, 58030, México
| | - Roberto Lindig-Cisneros
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Col. Ex Hacienda de Sán José de la Huerta, Morelia, Michoacán, 58190, México
| | - Leonel Lopez-Toledo
- Instituto de Investigaciones sobre los Recursos Naturales, UMSNH, Av. San Juanito Itzícuaro s/n, Col. Nueva Esperanza, Morelia, Michoacán, 58330, México
| | - Martha Elena Pedraza-Santos
- Facultad de Agrobiología, UMSNH, Paseo General Lázaro Cárdenas y Berlín s/n, Col. Viveros, Uruapan, Michoacán, 60170, México
| | - Gerald E Rehfeldt
- Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 1221 South Main St, Moscow, ID, 83843, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Alfaro-Ramírez FU, Ramírez-Albores JE, Vargas-Hernández JJ, Franco-Maass S, Pérez-Suárez M. Potential reduction of Hartweg´s Pine (Pinus hartwegii Lindl.) geographic distribution. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229178. [PMID: 32069302 PMCID: PMC7028273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Geographical distribution of forest species is closely regulated by environmental conditions, particularly temperature and precipitation. Climate change predicted by general circulation models is expected to modify the distribution of many species' distribution, especially those adapted to extreme environmental conditions, leading to large-scale migrations or local extinctions. The aim of this research was to determine the potential impact of climatic change on Pinus hartwegii geographic distribution and the niche breadth of its populations. Ecological niche models were used by generated with four different algorithms based on 19 bioclimatic variables in addition to altitude. Climatic niche breadth was delimited by the dispersion of species occurrence records within the intervals of the bioclimatic variables. We modelled future distribution based on three general circulation models, MIROC-ESM-CHEM, CCSM4 and HadGEM2-ES, using two representative concentration pathways (RCP) 2.6 and 8.5, for two-time horizons 2050 and 2070. Niche breadth analysis showed narrow ranges of suitability, indicating a strong relationship between the presence of P. hartwegii with the temperature of the warmest quarter and precipitation of the coldest quarter. In addition, the suitability area of P. hartwegii is predicted to be reduced up to 70% by 2070; the populations of the extreme northern and southern latitudes will be reduced in greater proportion than those of central Mexico. This suggest that environmental suitability area of P. hartwegii are reduced by the effect of the increase in environmental temperature. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor extreme populations of this species in the long term in order to establish efficient conservation strategies and well adaptive management facing climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farid Uriel Alfaro-Ramírez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca de Lerdo, Estado de México, México
| | - Jorge Enrique Ramírez-Albores
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca de Lerdo, Estado de México, México
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera”, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - J. Jesús Vargas-Hernández
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Montecillo, Carretera México-Texcoco, Montecillo, Estado de México, México
| | - Sergio Franco-Maass
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca de Lerdo, Estado de México, México
| | - Marlín Pérez-Suárez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Rurales (ICAR), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, El Cerrillo Piedras Blancas, Toluca de Lerdo, Estado de México, México
- * E-mail: ,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li T, Meng Q. Forest dynamics in relation to meteorology and soil in the Gulf Coast of Mexico. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 702:134913. [PMID: 31726334 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Forest dynamics is complex, and the complexity could be a synthetic result of climate change. Specifically studying 11 forest type groups of the Gulf of Mexico coast region defined, we intended to explore and model the direct and indirect impacts of climate change on underlying forest dynamics. This study utilized normalized difference of vegetation index (NDVI) as a measurement indicator of forest dynamics, referring to the dynamics of canopy structure and phenology of forests, and for a given type of forests, seasonal and yearly NDVI values were applied to the quantification of its growth across the Gulf Coast. By utilizing geographically weighted regression (GWR) method, we related normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) to precipitation, temperature, and silt and clay fractions in the soil. This study demonstrated an explanatory power of soil, besides the common macroclimate factors of precipitation, temperature, on explaining forest dynamics, which also revealed that the presence of spatiotemporal heterogeneity would affect model performance. Our results indicated that the model performance varied by forest type groups and seasons. The meteorology-soil model presented the best overall fit performance for White/Red/Jack Pine forests concerning R2 (0.952), adjusted R2 (0.905), Akaike information criterion (AIC, -1100) and residual sum of squares (RSS, 0.053) values. The comparative analysis of model performance also indicated that the meteorology-soil model has the best fit of data in summer. This study advanced the understanding of forests dynamics under conditions of climate change by highlighting the significance of soil, which is a significant confounding variable influencing forest activities but is often missed in forest-climate dynamics analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Li
- National Strategic Planning and Analysis Research Center, Mississippi State University, MS 39759, United States; Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, MS 39762, United States
| | - Qingmin Meng
- Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, MS 39762, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Jiménez-García D, Peterson AT. Climate change impact on endangered cloud forest tree species in Mexico. REV MEX BIODIVERS 2019. [DOI: 10.22201/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
16
|
Kurpis J, Serrato-Cruz MA, Feria Arroyo TP. Modeling the effects of climate change on the distribution of Tagetes lucida Cav. (Asteraceae). Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
17
|
Holsinger L, Parks SA, Parisien M, Miller C, Batllori E, Moritz MA. Climate change likely to reshape vegetation in North America's largest protected areas. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Holsinger
- Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute, Rocky Mountain Research StationUSDA Forest Service Missoula Montana
| | - Sean A. Parks
- Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute, Rocky Mountain Research StationUSDA Forest Service Missoula Montana
| | - Marc‐André Parisien
- Northern Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest ServiceNatural Resources Canada Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Carol Miller
- Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute, Rocky Mountain Research StationUSDA Forest Service Missoula Montana
| | | | - Max A. Moritz
- University of California Cooperative Extension and Bren School of Environmental Science and ManagementUniversity of California at Santa Barbara Santa Barbara California
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Martins K, Gugger PF, Llanderal‐Mendoza J, González‐Rodríguez A, Fitz‐Gibbon ST, Zhao J, Rodríguez‐Correa H, Oyama K, Sork VL. Landscape genomics provides evidence of climate-associated genetic variation in Mexican populations of Quercus rugosa. Evol Appl 2018; 11:1842-1858. [PMID: 30459833 PMCID: PMC6231481 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Local adaptation is a critical evolutionary process that allows plants to grow better in their local compared to non-native habitat and results in species-wide geographic patterns of adaptive genetic variation. For forest tree species with a long generation time, this spatial genetic heterogeneity can shape the ability of trees to respond to rapid climate change. Here, we identify genomic variation that may confer local environmental adaptations and then predict the extent of adaptive mismatch under future climate as a tool for forest restoration or management of the widely distributed high-elevation oak species Quercus rugosa in Mexico. Using genotyping by sequencing, we identified 5,354 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped from 103 individuals across 17 sites in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, and, after controlling for neutral genetic structure, we detected 74 F ST outlier SNPs and 97 SNPs associated with climate variation. Then, we deployed a nonlinear multivariate model, Gradient Forests, to map turnover in allele frequencies along environmental gradients and predict areas most sensitive to climate change. We found that spatial patterns of genetic variation were most strongly associated with precipitation seasonality and geographic distance. We identified regions of contemporary genetic and climatic similarities and predicted regions where future populations of Q. rugosa might be at risk due to high expected rate of climate change. Our findings provide preliminary details for future management strategies of Q. rugosa in Mexico and also illustrate how a landscape genomic approach can provide a useful tool for conservation and resource management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Martins
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
- Departamento de BiologiaUniversidade Federal de São CarlosSorocabaSPBrazil
| | - Paul F. Gugger
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
- Appalachian LaboratoryUniversity of Maryland Center for Environmental ScienceFrostburgMaryland
| | - Jesus Llanderal‐Mendoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y SustentabilidadUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad MoreliaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
| | - Antonio González‐Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y SustentabilidadUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
| | - Sorel T. Fitz‐Gibbon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
| | - Jian‐Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest EcologyXishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnanChina
| | - Hernando Rodríguez‐Correa
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad MoreliaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
| | - Ken Oyama
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad MoreliaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)MoreliaMichoacánMéxico
| | - Victoria L. Sork
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
- Institute of the Environment and SustainabilityUniversity of California, Los AngelesLos AngelesCalifornia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Flesch AD. Patterns and drivers of long‐term changes in breeding bird communities in a global biodiversity hotspot in Mexico. DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron D. Flesch
- School of Natural Resources and the Environment, The Desert Laboratory ‐ Tumamoc HillUniversity of Arizona Tucson Arizona
- Division of Biological Sciences University of Montana Missoula Montana
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Pérez-Ruiz CL, Badano EI, Rodas-Ortiz JP, Delgado-Sánchez P, Flores J, Douterlungne D, Flores-Cano JA. Climate change in forest ecosystems: A field experiment addressing the effects of raising temperature and reduced rainfall on early life cycle stages of oaks. ACTA OECOLOGICA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
21
|
Jovanović S, Hlavati-Širka V, Lakušić D, Jogan N, Nikolić T, Anastasiu P, Vladimirov V, Šinžar-Sekulić J. Reynoutria niche modelling and protected area prioritization for restoration and protection from invasion: A Southeastern Europe case study. J Nat Conserv 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
22
|
Lamsal P, Kumar L, Atreya K, Pant KP. Vulnerability and impacts of climate change on forest and freshwater wetland ecosystems in Nepal: A review. AMBIO 2017; 46:915-930. [PMID: 28573600 PMCID: PMC5639795 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-017-0923-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Climate change (CC) threatens ecosystems in both developed and developing countries. As the impacts of CC are pervasive, global, and mostly irreversible, it is gaining worldwide attention. Here we review vulnerability and impacts of CC on forest and freshwater wetland ecosystems. We particularly look at investigations undertaken at different geographic regions in order to identify existing knowledge gaps and possible implications from such vulnerability in the context of Nepal along with available adaptation programs and national-level policy supports. Different categories of impacts which are attributed to disrupting structure, function, and habitat of both forest and wetland ecosystems are identified and discussed. We show that though still unaccounted, many facets of forest and freshwater wetland ecosystems of Nepal are vulnerable and likely to be impacted by CC in the near future. Provisioning ecosystem services and landscape-level ecosystem conservation are anticipated to be highly threatened with future CC. Finally, the need for prioritizing CC research in Nepal is highlighted to close the existing knowledge gap along with the implementation of adaptation measures based on existing location specific traditional socio-ecological system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pramod Lamsal
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, The University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351 Australia
| | - Lalit Kumar
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, The University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351 Australia
| | - Kishor Atreya
- Asia Network for Sustainable Agriculture and Bioresources (ANSAB), P.O. Box 11035, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gray LK, Clarke C, Wint GRW, Moran JA. Potential effects of climate change on members of the Palaeotropical pitcher plant family Nepenthaceae. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183132. [PMID: 28817596 PMCID: PMC5560657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthropogenic climate change is predicted to have profound effects on species distributions over the coming decades. In this paper, we used maximum entropy modelling (Maxent) to estimate the effects of projected changes in climate on extent of climatically-suitable habitat for two Nepenthes pitcher plant species in Borneo. The model results predicted an increase in area of climatically-suitable habitat for the lowland species Nepenthes rafflesiana by 2100; in contrast, the highland species Nepenthes tentaculata was predicted to undergo significant loss of climatically-suitable habitat over the same period. Based on the results of the models, we recommend that research be undertaken into practical mitigation strategies, as approximately two-thirds of Nepenthes are restricted to montane habitats. Highland species with narrow elevational ranges will be at particularly high risk, and investigation into possible mitigation strategies should be focused on them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura K. Gray
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Charles Clarke
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University Cairns Campus, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - G. R. William Wint
- Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Environmental Research Group Oxford (ERGO), Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan A. Moran
- School of Environment and Sustainability, Royal Roads University, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gómez-Díaz JA, Krömer T, Kreft H, Gerold G, Carvajal-Hernández CI, Heitkamp F. Diversity and composition of herbaceous angiosperms along gradients of elevation and forest-use intensity. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182893. [PMID: 28792536 PMCID: PMC5549743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Terrestrial herbs are important elements of tropical forests; however, there is a lack of research on their diversity patterns and how they respond to different intensities of forest-use. The aim of this study was to analyze the diversity of herbaceous angiosperms along gradients of elevation (50 m to 3500 m) and forest-use intensity on the eastern slopes of the Cofre de Perote, Veracruz, Mexico. We recorded the occurrence of all herbaceous angiosperm species within 120 plots of 20 m x 20 m each. The plots were located at eight study locations separated by ~500 m in elevation and within three different habitats that differ in forest-use intensity: old-growth, degraded, and secondary forest. We analyzed species richness and floristic composition of herb communities among different elevations and habitats. Of the 264 plant species recorded, 31 are endemic to Mexico. Both α- and γ-diversity display a hump-shaped relation to elevation peaking at 2500 m and 3000 m, respectively. The relative contribution of between-habitat β-diversity to γ-diversity also showed a unimodal hump whereas within-habitat β-diversity declined with elevation. Forest-use intensity did not affect α-diversity, but β-diversity was high between old-growth and secondary forests. Overall, γ-diversity peaked at 2500 m (72 species), driven mainly by high within- and among-habitat β-diversity. We infer that this belt is highly sensitive to anthropogenic disturbance and forest-use intensification. At 3100 m, high γ-diversity (50 species) was driven by high α- and within-habitat β-diversity. There, losing a specific forest area might be compensated if similar assemblages occur in nearby areas. The high β-diversity and endemism suggest that mixes of different habitats are needed to sustain high γ-richness of terrestrial herbs along this elevational gradient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thorsten Krömer
- Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Holger Kreft
- Department of Biodiversity, Macroecology & Biogeography, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Gerold
- Section of Physical Geography, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Felix Heitkamp
- Section of Physical Geography, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ramos-Dorantes DB, Villaseñor JL, Ortiz E, Gernandt DS. Biodiversity, distribution, and conservation status of Pinaceae in Puebla, Mexico. REV MEX BIODIVERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmb.2017.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
|
26
|
Wicaksono CY, Aguirre-Guiterrez J, Nouhra E, Pastor N, Raes N, Pacheco S, Geml J. Contracting montane cloud forests: a case study of the Andean alder (Alnus acuminata) and associated fungi in the Yungas. Biotropica 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús Aguirre-Guiterrez
- Biodiversity Dynamics Research Group; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Vondellaan 55, P.O. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), Computational Geo-Ecology; University of Amsterdam; Science Park 904 1098 HX Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Eduardo Nouhra
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV); CONICET; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; CC 495 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - Nicolás Pastor
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV); CONICET; Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; CC 495 5000 Córdoba Argentina
| | - Niels Raes
- Biodiversity Dynamics Research Group; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Vondellaan 55, P.O. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Pacheco
- Fundación ProYungas; Perú 1180, 4107 Yerba Buena Tucumán Argentina
| | - József Geml
- Faculty of Science; Leiden University; P.O. Box 9502 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
- Biodiversity Dynamics Research Group; Naturalis Biodiversity Center; Vondellaan 55, P.O. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Estrada AS, Ortiz E, VillaseÑor JL, Espinosa-garcÍa FJ. The distribution of cultivated species of Porophyllum (Asteraceae) and their wild relatives under climate change. SYST BIODIVERS 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2016.1205678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Susana Estrada
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Departamento de Botánica, Apartado Postal 70-233, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Enrique Ortiz
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Departamento de Botánica, Apartado Postal 70-233, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - JosÉ Luis VillaseÑor
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Departamento de Botánica, Apartado Postal 70-233, C.P. 04510, México, D.F., México
| | - Francisco J. Espinosa-garcÍa
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, Col. ex-Hacienda de San José de la Huerta, 58190, Morelia, Mich
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Divergent lineages and conserved niches: using ecological niche modeling to examine the evolutionary patterns of the Nile monitor (Varanus niloticus). Evol Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-016-9818-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
29
|
Renninger HJ, Carlo NJ, Clark KL, Schäfer KVR. Resource use and efficiency, and stomatal responses to environmental drivers of oak and pine species in an Atlantic Coastal Plain forest. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:297. [PMID: 25999966 PMCID: PMC4423344 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Pine-oak ecosystems are globally distributed even though differences in anatomy and leaf habit between many co-occurring oaks and pines suggest different strategies for resource use, efficiency and stomatal behavior. The New Jersey Pinelands contain sandy soils with low water- and nutrient-holding capacity providing an opportunity to examine trade-offs in resource uptake and efficiency. Therefore, we compared resource use in terms of transpiration rates and leaf nitrogen content and resource-use efficiency including water-use efficiency (WUE) via gas exchange and leaf carbon isotopes and photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency (PNUE) between oaks (Quercus alba, Q. prinus, Q. velutina) and pines (Pinus rigida, P. echinata). We also determined environmental drivers [vapor pressure deficit (VPD), soil moisture, solar radiation] of canopy stomatal conductance (GS) estimated via sap flow and stomatal sensitivity to light and soil moisture. Net assimilation rates were similar between genera, but oak leaves used about 10% more water and pine foliage contained about 20% more N per unit leaf area. Therefore, oaks exhibited greater PNUE while pines had higher WUE based on gas exchange, although WUE from carbon isotopes was not significantly different. For the environmental drivers of GS, oaks had about 10% lower stomatal sensitivity to VPD normalized by reference stomatal conductance compared with pines. Pines exhibited a significant positive relationship between shallow soil moisture and GS, but only GS in Q. velutina was positively related to soil moisture. In contrast, stomatal sensitivity to VPD was significantly related to solar radiation in all oak species but only pines at one site. Therefore, oaks rely more heavily on groundwater resources but have lower WUE, while pines have larger leaf areas and nitrogen acquisition but lower PNUE demonstrating a trade-off between using water and nitrogen efficiently in a resource-limited ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heidi J. Renninger
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewark, NJ, USA
| | - Nicholas J. Carlo
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewark, NJ, USA
| | - Kenneth L. Clark
- Silas Little Experimental Forest, Northern Research Station, United States Department of Agriculture Forest ServiceNew Lisbon, NJ, USA
| | - Karina V. R. Schäfer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewark, NJ, USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New JerseyNewark, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Duan RY, Kong XQ, Huang MY, Fan WY, Wang ZG. The predictive performance and stability of six species distribution models. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112764. [PMID: 25383906 PMCID: PMC4226630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Predicting species' potential geographical range by species distribution models (SDMs) is central to understand their ecological requirements. However, the effects of using different modeling techniques need further investigation. In order to improve the prediction effect, we need to assess the predictive performance and stability of different SDMs. METHODOLOGY We collected the distribution data of five common tree species (Pinus massoniana, Betula platyphylla, Quercus wutaishanica, Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis) and simulated their potential distribution area using 13 environmental variables and six widely used SDMs: BIOCLIM, DOMAIN, MAHAL, RF, MAXENT, and SVM. Each model run was repeated 100 times (trials). We compared the predictive performance by testing the consistency between observations and simulated distributions and assessed the stability by the standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and the 99% confidence interval of Kappa and AUC values. RESULTS The mean values of AUC and Kappa from MAHAL, RF, MAXENT, and SVM trials were similar and significantly higher than those from BIOCLIM and DOMAIN trials (p<0.05), while the associated standard deviations and coefficients of variation were larger for BIOCLIM and DOMAIN trials (p<0.05), and the 99% confidence intervals for AUC and Kappa values were narrower for MAHAL, RF, MAXENT, and SVM. Compared to BIOCLIM and DOMAIN, other SDMs (MAHAL, RF, MAXENT, and SVM) had higher prediction accuracy, smaller confidence intervals, and were more stable and less affected by the random variable (randomly selected pseudo-absence points). CONCLUSIONS According to the prediction performance and stability of SDMs, we can divide these six SDMs into two categories: a high performance and stability group including MAHAL, RF, MAXENT, and SVM, and a low performance and stability group consisting of BIOCLIM, and DOMAIN. We highlight that choosing appropriate SDMs to address a specific problem is an important part of the modeling process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Yan Duan
- School of Life Science, Anqing Normal College, Anqing, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiao-Quan Kong
- School of Life Science, Anqing Normal College, Anqing, Anhui, PR China
| | - Min-Yi Huang
- School of Life Science, Anqing Normal College, Anqing, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wei-Yi Fan
- College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhi-Gao Wang
- School of Life Science, Anqing Normal College, Anqing, Anhui, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Aguirre‐Gutiérrez J, Serna‐Chavez HM, Villalobos‐Arambula AR, Pérez de la Rosa JA, Raes N. Similar but not equivalent: ecological niche comparison across closely–related
M
exican white pines. DIVERS DISTRIB 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Aguirre‐Gutiérrez
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Darwinweg 4 2333 CR Leiden The Netherlands
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED)–Computational Geo‐Ecology University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 HX Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Héctor M. Serna‐Chavez
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED)–Computational Geo‐Ecology University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 HX Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Alma R. Villalobos‐Arambula
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias CUCBA. Universidad de Guadalajara. Carretera a Nogales Predio las Agujas Nextipac Zapopan Mexico
| | - Jorge A. Pérez de la Rosa
- Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias CUCBA. Universidad de Guadalajara. Carretera a Nogales Predio las Agujas Nextipac Zapopan Mexico
| | - Niels Raes
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center Darwinweg 4 2333 CR Leiden The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Groeneveld E, Belzile F, Lavoie C. Sexual reproduction of Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica s.l.) at its northern distribution limit: new evidence of the effect of climate warming on an invasive species. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2014; 101:459-466. [PMID: 24567127 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1300386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY In response to climate warming, plant species may shift their distribution northward, but such a process is slow and hard to detect. Alternatively, phenological changes (earlier flowering) are expected as first adaptations for populations located near their distribution limit. That could be the case for the invasive Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica s.l., including the hybrid Bohemian knotweed F. ×bohemica). We hypothesized that climate warming now allows the species to produce viable seeds in the northernmost populations. METHODS Seeds were collected along a 550 km long transect in Quebec, Canada, and tested for germination. The genetic diversity of a population was determined using polymorphic microsatellite markers to verify whether the species is actually producing new individuals through sexual reproduction. KEY RESULTS Japanese knotweed produces, in Quebec, a large number of seeds with a high germination rate (up to 93%). The geographical limit for viable seed production in North America has been extended to Quebec City, about 500 km north of the formerly reported limit. Bohemian knotweeds are genetically diverse, while true Japanese knotweeds all share a common multilocus genotype. This suggests that Bohemian knotweed stands mostly arose from seed, while true Japanese knotweeds result only from the propagation of rhizome or stem fragments. CONCLUSIONS The effect of climate change is already palpable on the phenology of invasive plant species at their northern distribution limit. Bohemian knotweed, which until recently was rare in Quebec, could rapidly spread in the near future with the help of an additional diaspore type (seeds).
Collapse
|
34
|
Torres-Meza MDJ, Baez-Gonzalez AD, Ramos-Gonzalez JL. Climatic indices for determining risks to the distribution and maintenance of Quercus emoryi Torr. (Fagaceae) in Mexico. RANGELAND JOURNAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1071/rj14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mexico is one of the two centres of diversification of oaks (Quercus spp.) in the world, with 161 species, 66% of which are endemic. The local-scale analysis of trends in climate variables, using climate indices, can be useful in estimating both the potential benefits and risks presented by climate to oak populations. Since the minimum January temperature is an important limiting factor in the distribution of Quercus emoryi Torr. in Mexico, this study analysed trends in this variable in the area of distribution of the species and identified the populations likely to be affected by them. The RClimDex 1.0 software was used to analyse trends of nine climate indices related to minimum temperature recorded in 14 weather stations in the area of the species’ potential distribution in Mexico. Data from five stations showed significant trends related to an increase in minimum January temperature, whereas data from seven stations showed trends of a decrease in this variable. Populations of the species, mainly in the ecoregion containing piedmonts and plains with grassland, scrubland and forests in the Cuauhtemoc region in Chihuahua state, and Cuencame and Canatlan regions in Durango state, could be affected by these trends. The information on at-risk populations may be used for in situ and ex situ species conservation programs.
Collapse
|
35
|
Snell RS, Cowling SA, Smith B. Simulating Regional Vegetation-climate Dynamics for Middle America: Tropical Versus Temperate Applications. Biotropica 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S. Snell
- Faculty of Forestry; University of Toronto; Toronto; Ontario; Canada
| | | | - Ben Smith
- Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis; Lund University; Lund; Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Soto-Correa JC, Sáenz-Romero C, Lindig-Cisneros R, de la Barrera E. The neotropical shrub Lupinus elegans, fromtemperate forests, may not adapt to climate change. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2013; 15:607-10. [PMID: 23696969 DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2012.00716.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Considering that their distribution is limited to altitudinal gradients along mountains that are likely to become warmer and drier, climate change poses an increased threat to temperate forest species from tropical regions. We studied whether the understorey shrub Lupinus elegans, endemic to temperate forests of west-central Mexico, will be able to withstand the projected temperature increase under seven climate change scenarios. Seeds were collected along an altitudinal gradient and grown in a shade-house over 7 months before determining their temperature tolerance as electrolyte leakage. The plants from colder sites tolerated lower temperatures, i.e. the temperature at which half of the maximum electrolyte leakage occurred (LT50), ranged from −6.4 ± 0.7 to −2.4 ± 0.3 °C. In contrast, no pattern was found for tolerance to high temperature (LT50 average 42.8 ± 0.3 °C). The climate change scenarios considered here consistently estimated an increase in air temperature during the present century that was higher for the maximum air temperature than for the mean or minimum. In particular, the anomaly from the normal maximum air temperature at the study region ranged from 2.8 °C by 2030 to 5.8 °C by 2090. In this respect, the inability of L. elegans to adapt to increasingly higher temperatures found here, in addition to a possible inhibition of reproduction caused by warmer winters, may limit its future distribution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Soto-Correa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Michoacán, Mexico
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rehfeldt GE, Crookston NL, Sáenz-Romero C, Campbell EM. North American vegetation model for land-use planning in a changing climate: a solution to large classification problems. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 22:119-41. [PMID: 22471079 DOI: 10.1890/11-0495.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Data points intensively sampling 46 North American biomes were used to predict the geographic distribution of biomes from climate variables using the Random Forests classification tree. Techniques were incorporated to accommodate a large number of classes and to predict the future occurrence of climates beyond the contemporary climatic range of the biomes. Errors of prediction from the statistical model averaged 3.7%, but for individual biomes, ranged from 0% to 21.5%. In validating the ability of the model to identify climates without analogs, 78% of 1528 locations outside North America and 81% of land area of the Caribbean Islands were predicted to have no analogs among the 46 biomes. Biome climates were projected into the future according to low and high greenhouse gas emission scenarios of three General Circulation Models for three periods, the decades surrounding 2030, 2060, and 2090. Prominent in the projections were (1) expansion of climates suitable for the tropical dry deciduous forests of Mexico, (2) expansion of climates typifying desertscrub biomes of western USA and northern Mexico, (3) stability of climates typifying the evergreen-deciduous forests of eastern USA, and (4) northward expansion of climates suited to temperate forests, Great Plains grasslands, and montane forests to the detriment of taiga and tundra climates. Maps indicating either poor agreement among projections or climates without contemporary analogs identify geographic areas where land management programs would be most equivocal. Concentrating efforts and resources where projections are more certain can assure land managers a greater likelihood of success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerald E Rehfeldt
- Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 1221 South Main, Moscow, Idaho 83843, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Maclean IMD, Wilson RJ. Recent ecological responses to climate change support predictions of high extinction risk. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:12337-42. [PMID: 21746924 PMCID: PMC3145734 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1017352108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicted effects of climate change include high extinction risk for many species, but confidence in these predictions is undermined by a perceived lack of empirical support. Many studies have now documented ecological responses to recent climate change, providing the opportunity to test whether the magnitude and nature of recent responses match predictions. Here, we perform a global and multitaxon metaanalysis to show that empirical evidence for the realized effects of climate change supports predictions of future extinction risk. We use International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria as a common scale to estimate extinction risks from a wide range of climate impacts, ecological responses, and methods of analysis, and we compare predictions with observations. Mean extinction probability across studies making predictions of the future effects of climate change was 7% by 2100 compared with 15% based on observed responses. After taking account of possible bias in the type of climate change impact analyzed and the parts of the world and taxa studied, there was less discrepancy between the two approaches: predictions suggested a mean extinction probability of 10% across taxa and regions, whereas empirical evidence gave a mean probability of 14%. As well as mean overall extinction probability, observations also supported predictions in terms of variability in extinction risk and the relative risk associated with broad taxonomic groups and geographic regions. These results suggest that predictions are robust to methodological assumptions and provide strong empirical support for the assertion that anthropogenic climate change is now a major threat to global biodiversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya M D Maclean
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Gugger PF, González-Rodríguez A, Rodríguez-Correa H, Sugita S, Cavender-Bares J. Southward Pleistocene migration of Douglas-fir into Mexico: phylogeography, ecological niche modeling, and conservation of 'rear edge' populations. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2011; 189:1185-1199. [PMID: 21118265 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03559.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
• Poleward Pleistocene plant migration has been an important process structuring modern temperate and boreal plant communities, but the contribution of equatorward migration remains poorly understood. Paleobotanical evidence suggests Miocene or Pleistocene origin for temperate 'sky island' plant taxa in Mexico. These 'rear edge' populations situated in a biodiversity hotspot may be an important reserve of genetic diversity in changing climates. • We used mtDNA sequences, cpDNA sequences and chloroplast microsatellites to test hypotheses of Miocene vs Pleistocene colonization of temperate Douglas-fir in Mexico, explore geographic patterns of molecular variation in relation to Pleistocene climate history using ecological niche models, and assess the taxonomic and conservation implications. • We found strong evidence for Pleistocene divergence of Douglas-fir in Mexico (958 thousand yr before present (ka) with the 90% highest posterior density interval ranging from 1.6 million yr before present (Ma) to 491 ka), consistent with the southward Pleistocene migration hypothesis. Genetic diversity was high and strongly partitioned among populations. Spatial patterns of molecular variation and ecological niche models suggest a complex late Pleistocene history involving periods of isolation and expansion along mountain corridors. • These results highlight the importance of southward Pleistocene migration in establishing modern high-diversity plant communities and provide critical insights into proposals to conserve the unique biodiversity of Mexican Douglas-fir and associated taxa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul F Gugger
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Antonio González-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, 58190 Michoacán, México
| | - Hernando Rodríguez-Correa
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, 58190 Michoacán, México
| | - Shinya Sugita
- Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University, 10120 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jeannine Cavender-Bares
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Ledig FT, Rehfeldt GE, Sáenz-Romero C, Flores-López C. Projections of suitable habitat for rare species under global warming scenarios. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2010; 97:970-987. [PMID: 21622467 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.0900329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Modeling the contemporary and future climate niche for rare plants is a major hurdle in conservation, yet such projections are necessary to prevent extinctions that may result from climate change. • METHODS We used recently developed spline climatic models and modified Random Forests statistical procedures to predict suitable habitats of three rare, endangered spruces of Mexico and a spruce of the southwestern USA. We used three general circulation models and two sets of carbon emission scenarios (optimistic and pessimistic) for future climates. • KEY RESULTS Our procedures predicted present occurrence perfectly. For the decades 2030, 2060, and 2090, the ranges of all taxa progressively decreased, to the point of transient disappearance for one species in the decade 2060 but reappearance in 2090. Contrary to intuition, habitat did not develop to the north for any of the Mexican taxa; rather, climate niches for two taxa re-materialized several hundred kilometers southward in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. The climate niche for a third Mexican taxon shrank drastically, and its two mitotypes responded differently, one of the first demonstrations of the importance of intraspecific genetic variation in climate niches. The climate niche of the U.S. species shrank northward and upward in elevation. • CONCLUSION The results are important for conservation of these species and are of general significance for conservation by assisted colonization. We conclude that our procedures for producing models and projecting the climate niches of Mexican spruces provide a way for handling other rare plants, which constitute the great bulk of the world's endangered and most vulnerable flora.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Thomas Ledig
- Institute of Forest Genetics, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, 2480 Carson Road, Placerville, California 95667 USA and Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616 USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Pautasso M, Dehnen-Schmutz K, Holdenrieder O, Pietravalle S, Salama N, Jeger MJ, Lange E, Hehl-Lange S. Plant health and global change - some implications for landscape management. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2010; 85:729-55. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.2010.00123.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
42
|
Li DZ, Pritchard HW. The science and economics of ex situ plant conservation. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2009; 14:614-21. [PMID: 19818672 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2009.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 09/12/2009] [Accepted: 09/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ex situ seed storage underpins global agriculture and food supplies and enables the conservation of thousands of wild species of plants within national and international facilities. As an insurance policy against extinction, ex situ seed conservation is estimated to cost as little as 1% of in situ conservation. The assumptions, costs, risks and scientific challenges associated with ex situ plant conservation depend on the species, the methods employed and the desired storage time. Recent, relatively widespread evidence of less than expected longevity at conventional seed bank temperatures, innovations in the cryopreservation of recalcitrant-seeded species and economic comparators provide compelling evidence that ultra-cold storage should be adopted for the long-term conservation of plants. Policy instruments, such as the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (2011-2020), should respond to the evidence base and promote the implementation of cryopreservation for both tropical and temperate plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- De-Zhu Li
- Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center, Germplasm Bank of Wild Species; and Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650204, China.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Williams JN, Seo C, Thorne J, Nelson JK, Erwin S, O’Brien JM, Schwartz MW. Using species distribution models to predict new occurrences for rare plants. DIVERS DISTRIB 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2009.00567.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 246] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
|