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Wang J, Tang L, Wang M, Wu G, Li W, Wang Y, Wang X, Wang H, Yang Z, Li Z, Chen Q, Zhang P, Wang Z. Fronto-temporal dysfunction in appetitive regulation of bulimia nervosa with affective disorders: A regional homogeneity and remote connectivity pattern analysis. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:280-289. [PMID: 37553018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess brain functional alterations in BN patients with affective disorders and their association with maladaptive eating behaviors. METHODS A total of 42 BN patients with affective disorders (anxiety and depression) and 47 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. The resting-state fMRI data were analyzed for functional changes as indicated by regional homogeneity based on Kendall's coefficient of concordance (KCC-ReHo) and seed-based functional connectivity (FC). A principal component analysis (PCA) model was used to identify the commonalities within the behavioral questionnaires from the BN group. RESULTS Patients in the BN group showed decreased ReHo in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus (MFG) and right supramarginal gyrus (SMG). Additionally, the BN group showed increased FC between the left MFG and the right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG); decreased FC between the right MFG and the bilateral insula and the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG); and decreased FC between the right SMG and the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). In the FC-behavior association analysis, the second principal component (PC2) was negatively correlated with FC between the left MFG and the right ITG. CONCLUSION Based on a brain functional analysis (ReHo and FC), this study revealed significant aberrant changes in the frontal-temporal regions of BN patients with affective disorders. These regions, which serve as fronto-temporal circuitry, are associated with restraint and emotional eating behaviors. Our findings shed new light on the neural mechanisms underlying the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lirong Tang
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
| | - Guowei Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiling Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanjiang Li
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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Varma MM, Zhen S, Yu R. Not all discounts are created equal: Regional activity and brain networks in temporal and effort discounting. Neuroimage 2023; 280:120363. [PMID: 37673412 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reward outcomes associated with costs like time delay and effort investment are generally discounted in decision-making. Standard economic models predict rewards associated with different types of costs are devalued in a similar manner. However, our review of rodent lesion studies indicated partial dissociations between brain regions supporting temporal- and effort-based decision-making. Another debate is whether options involving low and high costs are processed in different brain substrates (dual-system) or in the same regions (single-system). This research addressed these issues using coordinate-based, connectivity-based, and activation network-based meta-analyses to identify overlapping and separable neural systems supporting temporal (39 studies) and effort (20 studies) discounting. Coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation and resting-state connectivity analyses showed immediate-small reward and delayed-large reward choices engaged distinct regions with unique connectivity profiles, but their activation network mapping was found to engage the default mode network. For effort discounting, salience and sensorimotor networks supported low-effort choices, while the frontoparietal network supported high-effort choices. There was little overlap between the temporal and effort networks. Our findings underscore the importance of differentiating different types of costs in decision-making and understanding discounting at both regional and network levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohith M Varma
- Department of Management, Marketing, and Information Systems, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shanshan Zhen
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Rongjun Yu
- Department of Management, Marketing, and Information Systems, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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3
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Zhang Z, Zheng H, Zhou W, Dong GH. Brain responses to decision-making in easy and hard choices in internet gaming disorder: Implications for irrepressible gaming behaviours. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 165:233-240. [PMID: 37523975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired decision-making was observed in internet gaming disorder (IGD), however, these studies did not differentiate 'hard' to 'easy' decisions, and only the 'hard' decision-making could reveal the mechanism underlying this issue. METHODS We recruited forty-eight individuals with IGD and forty-six recreational internet game users (RGUs) as a control group in this study. fMRI data were collected when they were finishing a value-matching delayed discount task (DDT), which included easy and hard decisions judging based on the indifference points of every participant. The correlations between brain responses during DDT and IGD severity and the effective connectivity between brain regions were calculated. RESULTS Compared to RGUs, IGD subjects showed enhanced activation in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) when facing hard choices, and this feature was associated with IGD severity. In addition, individuals with IGD showed increased effective connectivity from the OFC to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the OFC to the occipital lobe and decreased effective connectivity from the occipital lobe to the OFC. CONCLUSION The current study showed that the abnormal activation in the OFC was associated with IGD severity and higher OFC-DLPFC/OFC-occipital lobe effective connectivity and lower occipital lobe-OFC effective connectivity when individuals with IGD faced different choices in the DDT. These findings suggest the neural mechanisms of impulsive decision-making in individuals with IGD due to dysfunction with subjective evaluation and dysfunction of the connection with the executive control system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaojie Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiran Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, PR China
| | - Guang-Heng Dong
- Department of Psychology, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, PR China.
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4
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Syan SK, McIntyre-Wood C, Vandehei E, Vidal ML, Hargreaves T, Levitt EE, Scarfe M, Marsden E, MacKillop E, Sarles-Whittlesey H, Amlung M, Sweet L, MacKillop J. Resting state functional connectivity as a predictor of brief intervention response in adults with alcohol use disorder: A preliminary study. ALCOHOL, CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 47:1590-1602. [PMID: 37572293 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brief interventions for alcohol use disorder (AUD) are generally efficacious, albeit with variability in response. Resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) may characterize neurobiological indicators that predict the response to brief interventions and is the focus of the current investigation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-six individuals with AUD (65.2% female) completed a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan immediately followed by a brief intervention aimed at reducing alcohol consumption. Positive clinical response was defined as a reduction in alcohol consumption by at least one World Health Organization (WHO) risk drinking level at 3-month follow-up. rsFC was analyzed using seed-to-voxel analysis with seed regions from four networks: salience network, reward network, frontoparietal network, and default mode network. RESULTS At baseline, responders had greater rsFC between the following seed regions in relation to voxel-based clusters than non-responders: (i) anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in relation to left postcentral gyrus and right supramarginal gyrus (salience network); (ii) right posterior parietal cortex in relation to right ventral ACC (salience network); (iii) right interior frontal gyrus (IFG) pars opercularis in relation to right cerebellum and right occipital fusiform gyrus (frontoparietal); and (iv) right primary motor cortex in relation to left thalamus (default mode). Lower rsFC in responders vs. nonresponders was seen between the (i) right rostral prefrontal cortex in relation to left IFG pars triangularis (frontoparietal); (ii) right IFG pars triangularis in relation to right cerebellum (frontoparietal); (iii) right IFG pars triangularis in relation to right frontal eye fields and right angular gyrus (frontoparietal); and (iv) right nucleus accumbens in relation to right orbital frontal cortex and right insula (reward). CONCLUSIONS Resting state functional connectivity in the frontoparietal, salience, and reward networks predicts the response to a brief intervention in individuals with AUD and could reflect greater receptivity or motivation for behavior change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina K Syan
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carly McIntyre-Wood
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Vandehei
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mae Linda Vidal
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tegan Hargreaves
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily E Levitt
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Molly Scarfe
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emma Marsden
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily MacKillop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Michael Amlung
- Cofrin Logan Center for Addiction Research and Treatment, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Department of Applied Behavioral Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
| | - Lawrence Sweet
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Schreiner DC, Wright A, Baltz ET, Wang T, Cazares C, Gremel CM. Chronic alcohol exposure alters action control via hyperactive premotor corticostriatal activity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112675. [PMID: 37342908 PMCID: PMC10468874 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) alters decision-making control over actions, but disruptions to the responsible neural circuit mechanisms are unclear. Premotor corticostriatal circuits are implicated in balancing goal-directed and habitual control over actions and show disruption in disorders with compulsive, inflexible behaviors, including AUD. However, whether there is a causal link between disrupted premotor activity and altered action control is unknown. Here, we find that mice chronically exposed to alcohol (chronic intermittent ethanol [CIE]) showed impaired ability to use recent action information to guide subsequent actions. Prior CIE exposure resulted in aberrant increases in the calcium activity of premotor cortex (M2) neurons that project to the dorsal medial striatum (M2-DMS) during action control. Chemogenetic reduction of this CIE-induced hyperactivity in M2-DMS neurons rescued goal-directed action control. This suggests a direct, causal relationship between chronic alcohol disruption to premotor circuits and decision-making strategy and provides mechanistic support for targeting activity of human premotor regions as a potential treatment in AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew C Schreiner
- Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew Wright
- Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Emily T Baltz
- The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christian Cazares
- The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christina M Gremel
- Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; The Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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Aloi J, Kwon E, Hummer TA, Crum KI, Shah N, Pratt L, Aalsma MC, Finn P, Nurnberger J, Hulvershorn LA. Family history of substance use disorder and parental impulsivity are differentially associated with neural responses during risky decision-making. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2023; 2:1110494. [PMID: 37554652 PMCID: PMC10406275 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2023.1110494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Risky decision-making is associated with the development of substance use behaviors during adolescence. Although prior work has investigated risky decision-making in adolescents at familial high risk for developing substance use disorders (SUDs), little research has controlled for the presence of co-morbid externalizing disorders (EDs). Additionally, few studies have investigated the role of parental impulsivity in offspring neurobiology associated with risky decision-making. Methods One-hundred twenty-five children (28 healthy controls, 47 psychiatric controls with EDs without a familial history of SUD, and 50 high-risk children with co-morbid EDs with a familial history of SUD) participated in the Balloon Analog Risk Task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Impulsivity for parents and children was measured using the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Results We found that individuals in the psychiatric control group showed greater activation, as chances of balloon explosion increased, while making choices, relative to the healthy control and high-risk groups in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) and lateral orbitofrontal cortex (lOFC). We also found a positive association between greater activation and parental impulsivity in these regions. However, within rACC, this relationship was moderated by group, such that there was a positive relationship between activation and parental impulsivity in the HC group, but an inverse relationship in the HR group. Conclusions These findings suggest that there are key differences in the neurobiology underlying risky decision-making in individuals with EDs with and without a familial history of SUD. The current findings build on existing models of neurobiological factors influencing addiction risk by integrating parental factors. This work paves the way for more precise risk models in which to test preventive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Aloi
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Elizabeth Kwon
- Department of Public Health, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
| | - Tom A. Hummer
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kathleen I. Crum
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Nikhil Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Lauren Pratt
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Matthew C. Aalsma
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Peter Finn
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - John Nurnberger
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Leslie A. Hulvershorn
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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7
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Ariesen AMD, Neubert JH, Gaastra GF, Tucha O, Koerts J. Risky Decision-Making in Adults with Alcohol Use Disorder-A Systematic and Meta-Analytic Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082943. [PMID: 37109278 PMCID: PMC10143407 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) forms a major health concern and is the most common substance use disorder worldwide. The behavioural and cognitive deficits associated with AUD have often been related to impairments in risky decision-making. The aim of this study was to examine the magnitude and type of risky decision-making deficits of adults with AUD, as well as to explore the potential mechanisms behind these deficits. To this end, existing literature comparing risky decision-making task performance of an AUD group to a control group (CG) was systematically searched and analysed. A meta-analysis was performed to address overall effects. In total, 56 studies were included. In the majority of studies (i.e., 68%), the performance of the AUD group(s) deviated from the CG(s) on one or more of the adopted tasks, which was confirmed by a small to medium pooled effect size (Hedges' g = 0.45). This review therefore provides evidence of increased risk taking in adults with AUD as compared to CGs. The increased risk taking may be due to deficits in affective and deliberative decision-making. Making use of ecologically valid tasks, future research should investigate whether risky decision-making deficits predate and/or are consequential to the addiction of adults with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akke-Marij D Ariesen
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Julia H Neubert
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geraldina F Gaastra
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Oliver Tucha
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Maynooth University, National University of Ireland, W23 F2K8 Maynooth, Ireland
| | - Janneke Koerts
- Department of Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands
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8
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Amlung M, Owens MM, Hargreaves T, Gray JC, Murphy CM, MacKillop J, Sweet LH. Neuroeconomic predictors of smoking cessation outcomes: A preliminary study of delay discounting in treatment-seeking adult smokers. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 327:111555. [PMID: 36327864 PMCID: PMC9729436 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Large proportions of smokers are unsuccessful in evidence-based smoking cessation treatment and identifying prognostic predictors may inform improvements in treatment. Steep discounting of delayed rewards (delay discounting) is a robust predictor of poor smoking cessation outcome, but the underlying neural predictors have not been investigated. Forty-one treatment-seeking adult smokers completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) delay discounting paradigm prior to initiating a 9-week smoking cessation treatment protocol. Behavioral performance significantly predicted treatment outcomes (verified 7-day abstinence, n = 18; relapse, n = 23). Participants in the relapse group exhibited smaller area under the curve (d = 1.10) and smaller AUC was correlated with fewer days to smoking relapse (r = 0.56, p < 0.001) Neural correlates of discounting included medial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate, precuneus and anterior insula, and interactions between choice type and relapse status were present for the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, precuneus and the striatum. This initial investigation implicates differential neural activity in regions associated with frontal executive and default mode activity, as well as motivational circuits. Larger samples are needed to improve the resolution in identifying the neural underpinnings linking steep delay discounting to smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Amlung
- Department of Applied Behavioral Science, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America; Cofrin Logan Center for Addiction Research and Treatment, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America.
| | - Max M Owens
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada; Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tegan Hargreaves
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Joshua C Gray
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Cara M Murphy
- Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - James MacKillop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada; Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lawrence H Sweet
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA United States of America
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Cui L, Ye M, Sun L, Zhang S, He G. Common and Distinct Neural Correlates of Intertemporal and Risky Decision-Making: Meta-Analytical Evidence for the Dual-System Theory. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104851. [PMID: 36058404 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The relationship between intertemporal and risky decision-making has received considerable attention in decision research. Single-process theories suggest that choices involving delay and risk are simply two manifestations of the same psychological mechanism, which implies similar patterns of neural activation. Conversely, the dual-system theory suggests that delayed and risky choices are two contrasting types of processes, which implies distinct brain networks. How these two types of choices relate to each other remains unclear. The current study addressed this issue by performing a meta-analysis of 28 intertemporal decision-making studies (862 subjects) and 51 risky decision-making studies (1539 subjects). We found no common area activated in the conjunction analysis of the delayed and risky rewards. Based on the contrast analysis, delayed rewards were associated with stronger activation in the left dorsal insula, while risky rewards were associated with activation in the bilateral ventral striatum and the right anterior insula. The results align with the dual-system theory with separate neural networks for delayed and risky rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Cui
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China; College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Meng Ye
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shunmin Zhang
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.
| | - Guibing He
- Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.
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10
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Halcomb M, Dzemidzic M, Shen YI, Lin Z, Butcher TJ, Yoder KK, Oberlin B. Delay discounting and alcohol consumption correlate with dorsal anterior insula activation during choice in nontreatment-seeking heavy drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:1397-1407. [PMID: 35707988 PMCID: PMC9427725 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anterior insular cortex (AIC), a prominent salience network node, integrates interoceptive information and emotional states into decision making. While AIC activation during delay discounting (DD) in alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been previously reported, the associations between AIC activation, impulsive choice, alcohol consumption, and connectivity remain unknown. We therefore tested AIC brain responses during DD in heavy drinkers and their association with DD performance, alcohol drinking, and task-based connectivity. METHODS Twenty-nine heavy drinkers (12 females; mean (SD) age=31.5 ± 6.1 years; mean (SD)=40.8 ± 23.4 drinks/week) completed a DD task during functional MRI. Regions activated during DD decision making were tested for correlation with DD behavior and alcohol drinking. Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) models assessed the task-dependent functional connectivity (FC) of activation during choice. RESULTS Delay discounting choice activated bilateral anterior insular cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and left precentral gyrus. Right dorsal (d) AIC activation during choice negatively correlated withdiscounting of delayed rewards and alcohol consumption. PPI analysis revealed FC of the right dAIC to both the anterior and posterior cingulate cortices-key nodes in the midline default mode network. CONCLUSIONS Greater dAIC involvement in intertemporal choice may confer more adaptive behavior (lower impulsivity and alcohol consumption). Moreover, salience network processes governing discounting may require midline default mode (precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex) recruitment. These findings supporta key adaptive role for right dAIC in decision making involving future rewards and risky drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Halcomb
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Mario Dzemidzic
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of NeurologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Yitong I. Shen
- Addiction Neuroscience Graduate ProgramIndiana University – Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Zikai Lin
- Department of PsychiatryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Tarah J. Butcher
- Addiction Neuroscience Graduate ProgramIndiana University – Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Karmen K. Yoder
- Department of Radiology and Imaging SciencesIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
| | - Brandon Oberlin
- Department of NeurologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Addiction Neuroscience Graduate ProgramIndiana University – Purdue University IndianapolisIndianapolisIndianaUSA
- Department of PsychiatryIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIndianaUSA
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11
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Yang F, Li X, Hu P. The Resting-State Neural Network of Delay Discounting. Front Psychol 2022; 13:828929. [PMID: 35360605 PMCID: PMC8962669 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.828929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Delay discounting is a common phenomenon in daily life, which refers to the subjective value of a future reward decreasing as a function of time. Previous studies have identified several cortical regions involved in delay discounting, but the neural network constructed by the cortical regions of delay discounting is less clear. In this study, we employed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) to measure the spontaneous neural activity in a large sample of healthy young adults and used the Monetary Choice Questionnaire to directly measure participants’ level of delay discounting. To identify the neural network of delay discounting at rest, we used an individual difference approach to explore brain regions whose spontaneous activities were related to delay discounting across the whole brain. Then, these brain regions served as seeds to identify the neural network of delay discounting. We found that the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) of the left insula were positively correlated to delay discounting. More importantly, its connectivity to the anterior cingulate cortex was read out for participants’ behavioral performance in the task of delay discounting. In short, our study provides empirical evidence that insula-anterior cingulate cortex connectivity may serve as a part of the neural network for delay discounting.
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Padula CB, Tenekedjieva LT, McCalley DM, Al-Dasouqi H, Hanlon CA, Williams LM, Kozel FA, Knutson B, Durazzo TC, Yesavage JA, Madore MR. Targeting the Salience Network: A Mini-Review on a Novel Neuromodulation Approach for Treating Alcohol Use Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:893833. [PMID: 35656355 PMCID: PMC9152026 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.893833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) continues to be challenging to treat despite the best available interventions, with two-thirds of individuals going on to relapse by 1 year after treatment. Recent advances in the brain-based conceptual framework of addiction have allowed the field to pivot into a neuromodulation approach to intervention for these devastative disorders. Small trials of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have used protocols developed for other psychiatric conditions and applied them to those with addiction with modest efficacy. Recent evidence suggests that a TMS approach focused on modulating the salience network (SN), a circuit at the crossroads of large-scale networks associated with AUD, may be a fruitful therapeutic strategy. The anterior insula or dorsal anterior cingulate cortex may be particularly effective stimulation sites given emerging evidence of their roles in processes associated with relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia B Padula
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Lea-Tereza Tenekedjieva
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Daniel M McCalley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.,Department of Neurosciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Hanaa Al-Dasouqi
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States
| | - Colleen A Hanlon
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Leanne M Williams
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - F Andrew Kozel
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine, Florida State University College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Brian Knutson
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Timothy C Durazzo
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jerome A Yesavage
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Michelle R Madore
- Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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13
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Sliedrecht W, Roozen HG, Witkiewitz K, de Waart R, Dom G. The Association Between Impulsivity and Relapse in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Literature Review. Alcohol Alcohol 2021; 56:637-650. [PMID: 33382416 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agaa132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Impulsivity has been identified as a key relapse risk factor in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD); however, the inherent characteristics of this relationship have been largely understudied. The heterogeneity of AUD and variation in impulsivity constructs require careful consideration to inform future work examining the relationship. This study sought to review empirical findings examining facets of impulsivity and AUD relapse. METHODS A systematic search strategy was employed to capture studies on impulsivity measures related to AUD relapse. Impulsivity measures were qualitatively organized in terms of 'trait impulsivity'-typically measured by self-report questionnaires-and 'behavioural impulsivity', i.e. 'motor impulsivity', 'impulsive choice' and 'reflection impulsivity, assessed with cognitive-behavioural tasks. RESULTS Seventeen peer-reviewed papers were identified. Relapse outcomes varied substantially in relation to impulsivity measures. Twelve papers included aspects of 'trait impulsivity', and nine studies included 'behavioural impulsivity' measures, from which five studies dealt with the 'impulsive choice' subcategory. The Barratt Impulsivity Scale was the self-report questionnaire that was most frequently used. CONCLUSIONS All three included facets of impulsivity ('trait-, motor- and impulsive choice impulsivity') were associated with AUD relapse, but none seemed to be superior to another. This study confirmed that research on the relation between impulsivity and AUD relapse is relatively scarce. Future research and treatment options are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilco Sliedrecht
- De Hoop GGZ, Provincialeweg 70, 3329 KP Dordrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hendrik G Roozen
- Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), The University of New Mexico (UNM), MSC 11 6280, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Katie Witkiewitz
- The University of New Mexico, MSC 03-2220, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Ranne de Waart
- Mentrum/Arkin, Domselaerstraat 126, 1093 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Dom
- Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatric Research Institute (CAPRI), Antwerp University, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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14
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Marino RAM, Girven KS, Figueiredo A, Navarrete J, Doty C, Sparta DR. Binge ethanol drinking associated with sex-dependent plasticity of neurons in the insula that project to the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. Neuropharmacology 2021; 196:108695. [PMID: 34233202 PMCID: PMC8928450 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Modifications in brain regions that govern reward-seeking are thought to contribute to persistent behaviors that are heavily associated with alcohol-use disorder (AUD) including binge ethanol drinking. The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a critical node linked to both alcohol consumption and the onset, maintenance and progression of adaptive anxiety and stress-related disorders. Differences in anatomy, connectivity and receptor subpopulations, make the BNST a sexually dimorphic region. Previous work indicates that the ventral BNST (vBNST) receives input from the insular cortex (IC), a brain region involved in processing the body's internal state. This IC-vBNST projection has also been implicated in emotional and reward-seeking processes. Therefore, we examined the functional properties of vBNST-projecting, IC neurons in male and female mice that have undergone short-term ethanol exposure and abstinence using a voluntary Drinking in the Dark paradigm (DID) paired with whole-cell slice electrophysiology. First we show that IC neurons projected predominantly to the vBNST. Next, our data show that short-term ethanol exposure and abstinence enhanced excitatory synaptic strength onto vBNST-projecting, IC neurons in both sexes. However, we observed diametrically opposing modifications in excitability across sexes. In particular, short-term ethanol exposure resulted in increased intrinsic excitability of vBNST-projecting, IC neurons in females but not in males. Furthermore, in females, abstinence decreased the excitability of these same neurons. Taken together these findings show that short-term ethanol exposure, as well as the abstinence cause sex-related adaptations in BNST-projecting, IC neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa A M Marino
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Kasey S Girven
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Antonio Figueiredo
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Jovana Navarrete
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Carolyn Doty
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
| | - Dennis R Sparta
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA; Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
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15
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Hatoum AS, Johnson EC, Agrawal A, Bogdan R. Brain structure and problematic alcohol use: a test of plausible causation using latent causal variable analysis. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:2741-2745. [PMID: 34287779 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00482-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Associations between brain structure and problematic alcohol use may reflect alcohol-induced toxicity and/or preexisting risk. Here, we applied a latent causal variable approach to genome-wide association study summary statistics of problematic alcohol use (n = 435,563) and magnetic resonance imaging-derived brain structure phenotypes (e.g., cortical volume, cortical thickness, white matter volume; ns ranging from 17,706 to 51,665) to test whether variability in brain structure may plausibly contribute to problematic alcohol use and/or whether problematic alcohol use influences brain structure. After correction for multiple testing within each modality, we find evidence that greater volume of the pars opercularis, greater thickness of the cuneus, and lower volume of the basal forebrain may plausibly contribute to problematic alcohol use. All other nominally-significant associations identify brain structure as a potential causal contributor to problematic alcohol use; there was no evidence suggesting that problematic alcohol use may cause differences in brain structure. Collectively, these results challenge common interpretations that associations between alcohol use and brain structure reflect consequences of alcohol, instead supporting emerging work suggesting that brain structure may reflect a predispositional risk factor for alcohol involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Hatoum
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University St. Louis Medical School, 825 S Taylor Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Emma C Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University St. Louis Medical School, 825 S Taylor Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University St. Louis Medical School, 825 S Taylor Ave, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ryan Bogdan
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
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16
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Hildebrandt MK, Dieterich R, Endrass T. Disentangling substance use and related problems: urgency predicts substance-related problems beyond the degree of use. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:242. [PMID: 33962614 PMCID: PMC8103599 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03240-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use disorders are reliably associated with high impulsivity and sensation seeking. Importantly, both precede problematic substance use, implicating them as risk factors. Individuals with substance use disorders show variable degrees of substance use (combined quantity and frequency) and substance-related problems and differ in both aspects from healthy controls. Dimensional research has indicated differential associations of impulsivity-related traits as well as sensation seeking with the degree of substance use and substance-related problems. The current study aimed to clarify whether impulsivity-related traits and sensation seeking predict substance-related problems above and beyond the degree of substance use and are thus specifically linked to problems, the dimension that characterizes substance use disorders. METHOD We assessed impulsivity-related traits and sensation seeking using self-report, as well as delay discounting, a behavioral indicator of impulsivity, in a sample of 258 substance-using adults. RESULTS Sensation seeking and impulsivity-related traits significantly predicted the degree of substance use, with sensation seeking explaining the largest portion of variance. In contrast, self-reported impulsivity, in particular when experiencing negative emotions (urgency), but not sensation seeking or delay discounting, predicted substance-related problems when controlling for the degree of substance use. CONCLUSIONS This suggests that urgency, but not sensation seeking, may be specifically linked to substance-related problems and thus especially relevant for substance use disorders. Taken together, this study underlines the necessity to assess and control for the degree of substance use in risk factor research concerning substance-related problems. Thus, it may inform future research improving targeted prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin K. Hildebrandt
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Chair of Addiction Research, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46a, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Raoul Dieterich
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Chair of Addiction Research, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46a, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Tanja Endrass
- grid.4488.00000 0001 2111 7257Institute of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Chair of Addiction Research, Faculty of Psychology, Technische Universität Dresden, Chemnitzer Str. 46a, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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17
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Saruco E, Pleger B. A Systematic Review of Obesity and Binge Eating Associated Impairment of the Cognitive Inhibition System. Front Nutr 2021; 8:609012. [PMID: 33996871 PMCID: PMC8116510 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.609012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered functioning of the inhibition system and the resulting higher impulsivity are known to play a major role in overeating. Considering the great impact of disinhibited eating behavior on obesity onset and maintenance, this systematic review of the literature aims at identifying to what extent the brain inhibitory networks are impaired in individuals with obesity. It also aims at examining whether the presence of binge eating disorder leads to similar although steeper neural deterioration. We identified 12 studies that specifically assessed impulsivity during neuroimaging. We found a significant alteration of neural circuits primarily involving the frontal and limbic regions. Functional activity results show BMI-dependent hypoactivity of frontal regions during cognitive inhibition and either increased or decreased patterns of activity in several other brain regions, according to their respective role in inhibition processes. The presence of binge eating disorder results in further aggravation of those neural alterations. Connectivity results mainly report strengthened connectivity patterns across frontal, parietal, and limbic networks. Neuroimaging studies suggest significant impairment of various neural circuits involved in inhibition processes in individuals with obesity. The elaboration of accurate therapeutic neurocognitive interventions, however, requires further investigations, for a deeper identification and understanding of obesity-related alterations of the inhibition brain system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Saruco
- Department of Neurology, BG University Clinic Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Burkhard Pleger
- Department of Neurology, BG University Clinic Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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18
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Al-Khalil K, Vakamudi K, Witkiewitz K, Claus ED. Neural correlates of alcohol use disorder severity among nontreatment-seeking heavy drinkers: An examination of the incentive salience and negative emotionality domains of the alcohol and addiction research domain criteria. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:1200-1214. [PMID: 33864389 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Alcohol and Addiction Research Domain Criteria (AARDoC) propose that alcohol use disorder is associated with neural dysfunction in three primary domains: incentive salience, negative emotionality, and executive function. Prior studies in heavy drinking samples have examined brain activation changes associated with alcohol and negative affect cues, representing the incentive salience and negative emotionality domains, respectively. Yet studies examining such cue-induced changes in functional connectivity (FC) are relatively sparse. METHODS Nontreatment-seeking heavy drinking adults (N = 149, 56.0% male, 48.6% non-white, mean age 34.8 years (SD = 10.0)) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during presentation of alcohol, negative, and neutral pictures. We focused on FC changes involving the nucleus accumbens and amygdala in addition to activation and FC correlations with self-reported AUD severity. RESULTS For alcohol cues versus neutral cues, we observed accumbens FC changes in the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and amygdala FC changes with occipital, parietal, and hippocampal regions. AUD severity correlated positively with activation in the cerebellum (p < 0.05), accumbens FC in the cingulate gyri, somatosensory gyri, and cerebellum (p < 0.05), and with amygdala FC in the PFC and inferior parietal lobule (p < 0.05) for alcohol cues versus neutral cues. For negative cues versus neutral cues, we observed accumbens FC changes in the lateral temporal, occipital, and parietal regions, and amygdala FC changes in the fusiform and lingual gyri (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The present findings provide empirical support for the AARDoC domains of incentive salience and negative emotionality and indicate that AUD severity is associated with salience and response control for reward cues. When covarying for differences in nonalcohol substance use and mood disorder diagnoses, AUD severity was also associated with emotional reactivity for negative cues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Katie Witkiewitz
- Center on Alcohol, Substance Use, and Addictions, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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19
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Quaglieri A, Mari E, Boccia M, Piccardi L, Guariglia C, Giannini AM. Brain Network Underlying Executive Functions in Gambling and Alcohol Use Disorders: An Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-Analysis of fMRI Studies. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E353. [PMID: 32517334 PMCID: PMC7348890 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10060353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies have suggested that common features characterize both Gambling Disorder (GD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), but these conditions have rarely been compared. METHODS We provide evidence for the similarities and differences between GD and AUD in neural correlates of executive functions by performing an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of 34 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies involving executive function processes in individuals diagnosed with GD and AUD and healthy controls (HC). RESULTS GD showed greater bilateral clusters of activation compared with HC, mainly located in the head and body of the caudate, right middle frontal gyrus, right putamen, and hypothalamus. Differently, AUD showed enhanced activation compared with HC in the right lentiform nucleus, right middle frontal gyrus, and the precuneus; it also showed clusters of deactivation in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus, left middle cingulate cortex, and inferior portion of the left putamen. CONCLUSIONS Going beyond the limitations of a single study approach, these findings provide evidence, for the first time, that both disorders are associated with specific neural alterations in the neural network for executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Quaglieri
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Emanuela Mari
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.G.)
| | - Maddalena Boccia
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.G.)
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Piccardi
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.G.)
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Guariglia
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.G.)
- Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation and Neuroimaging Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00179 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Giannini
- Department of Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.); (L.P.); (C.G.); (A.M.G.)
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20
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Ashe ML, Wilson SJ. A brief review of choice bundling: A strategy to reduce delay discounting and bolster self-control. Addict Behav Rep 2020; 11:100262. [PMID: 32467851 PMCID: PMC7244903 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Choice bundling is a behavioral economic strategy designed to reduce excessive delay discounting and bolster self-control. Choice bundling entails aggregating a series of individual, identical intertemporal decisions (e.g., should I smoke today?) into a single choice (e.g., should I smoke this month?). In this brief review, we succinctly summarize delay discounting and how it has been linked to lapses in self-control, using substance use as an exemplar. Next, we describe how choice bundling may theoretically work to counter excess discounting rates. Finally, we review the extant empirical research on choice bundling and offer recommendations for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda L. Ashe
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Psychology, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Stephen J. Wilson
- The Pennsylvania State University, Department of Psychology, University Park, PA, USA
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21
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Arinze I, Moorman DE. Selective impact of lateral orbitofrontal cortex inactivation on reinstatement of alcohol seeking in male Long-Evans rats. Neuropharmacology 2020; 168:108007. [PMID: 32092436 PMCID: PMC10373069 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) plays a fundamental role in motivated behavior and decision-making. In humans, OFC structure and function is significantly disrupted in drug using and dependent individuals, including those exhibiting chronic alcohol use and alcoholism. In animal models, the OFC has been shown to significantly influence the seeking of non-alcohol drugs of abuse. However direct investigations of the OFC during alcohol seeking and use have been more limited. In the studies reported here, we inactivated lateral (lOFC) or medial OFC (mOFC) subregions in rats during multiple stages of alcohol seeking. After one month of intermittent access to homecage 20% ethanol (EtOH), rats were trained to self-administer EtOH under an FR3 schedule and implanted with cannulae directed to lOFC or mOFC. We inactivated OFC subregions with baclofen/muscimol during EtOH self-administration, extinction, cue-induced reinstatement, and progressive ratio testing to broadly characterize the influence of these subregions on alcohol seeking. There were no significant effects of mOFC or lOFC inactivation during FR3 self-administration, extinction, or progressive ratio self-administration. However, lOFC, and not mOFC, inactivation significantly decreased cue-induced reinstatement of EtOH seeking. These findings contribute new information to the specific impact of OFC manipulation on operant alcohol seeking, support previous studies investigating the role of OFC in seeking and consumption of alcohol and other drugs of abuse, and indicate a specific role for lOFC vs. mOFC in reinstatement.
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22
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Neural correlates of delay discount alterations in addiction and psychiatric disorders: A systematic review of magnetic resonance imaging studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2020; 99:109822. [PMID: 31751662 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Delay discounting (DD) represents decreased subjective value for delayed reward relative to the same reward at present. The concept of DD has been applied for pathophysiology of addiction and psychiatric disorders. However, the detailed neuroimaging correlates of DD underlying pathophysiology still remain unclear. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to investigate neural correlates of DD on magnetic resonance imaging studies among addiction and psychiatric disorders. Specific search terms were set on PubMed to identify relevant articles. Initial search identified 551 records and 31 studies met the inclusion criteria. The present review revealed that greater DD was correlated with increased activity in areas related to reward evaluation and prediction as well as decreased activity in areas related to cognitive control. Healthy controls showed smaller changes in activities of these areas associated with DD when compared to patient groups. As the neural basis related to DD, three neural networks have been proposed that are associated with the actions of short-term interests and long-term benefits. Among the three potential neural networks on DD, the first one included the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum and implicated in evaluating reward values, the second network included the anterior cingulate cortex and linked to cognitive control, and the third network included the middle temporal gyrus and was involved in predictions and affection. This review generated consistent findings on the neural basis of DD among patients with addiction and psychiatric disorders, which may represent the pathophysiology related to DD and impulsivity of mental illness.
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Voon V, Grodin E, Mandali A, Morris L, Doñamayor N, Weidacker K, Kwako L, Goldman D, Koob GF, Momenan R. Addictions NeuroImaging Assessment (ANIA): Towards an integrative framework for alcohol use disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:492-506. [PMID: 32298710 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol misuse and addiction are major international public health issues. Addiction can be characterized as a disorder of aberrant neurocircuitry interacting with environmental, genetic and social factors. Neuroimaging in alcohol misuse can thus provide a critical window into underlying neural mechanisms, highlighting possible treatment targets and acting as clinical biomarkers for predicting risk and treatment outcomes. This neuroimaging review on alcohol misuse in humans follows the Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment (ANA) that proposes incorporating three functional neuroscience domains integral to the neurocircuitry of addiction: incentive salience and habits, negative emotional states, and executive function within the context of the addiction cycle. Here we review and integrate multiple imaging modalities focusing on underlying cognitive processes such as reward anticipation, negative emotionality, cue reactivity, impulsivity, compulsivity and executive function. We highlight limitations in the literature and propose a model forward in the use of neuroimaging as a tool to understanding underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applicability for phenotyping of heterogeneity and predicting risk and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Voon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, Cambridge, UK; Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Erica Grodin
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, UK
| | - Alekhya Mandali
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laurel Morris
- Behavioural and Clinical Neurosciences Institute, Cambridge, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nuria Doñamayor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Laura Kwako
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, UK
| | - David Goldman
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, UK
| | - George F Koob
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, UK
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, UK
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McCrady BS, Witkiewitz K, Venner KL, Fokas K. Education and Training in Substance Use Disorders and Addictions: The University of New Mexico Integrated Training Model. TRAINING AND EDUCATION IN PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 14:60-69. [PMID: 33767800 PMCID: PMC7989818 DOI: 10.1037/tep0000287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes SUD/addictions training at the University of New Mexico. Coordinated and integrated academic, research, and clinical training resources are described, with an emphasis on the integration of resources across multiple training domains. Academic training resources in the Psychology Department include core clinical courses, basic science courses, and opportunities for students to develop expertise in health or quantitative psychology. Other academic resources come from affiliated departments and colleges such as Sociology, the College of Population Health, the College of Education, and Health Sciences. Research training resources are available within the Psychology Department, affiliated Departments and Colleges, and specialized research centers including the Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions, and the Mind Research Network. A network of community partners provides additional research sites. Clinical training resources are provided through a specialized alcohol treatment clinic and a diversity clinic within the Department, opportunities for students to serve as research clinicians, and community practicum sites supervised by on-site doctoral level psychologists or Departmental faculty. The UNM training program provides one model for graduate training in SUD/addictions. Keys to the program are the presence of multiple SUD/addictions clinical faculty member with active research programs, willingness to mentor students in research and clinical work, and basic science faculty whose research is relevant to addictive behaviors. Other critical elements include systematic development of clinical training opportunities, effective collaborations with community agencies for research and clinical training, meaningful research partnerships with other academic departments and specialized research centers, and external funding for training activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara S McCrady
- Department of Psychology and Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), University of New Mexico
| | - Katie Witkiewitz
- Department of Psychology and Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), University of New Mexico
| | - Kamilla L Venner
- Department of Psychology and Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), University of New Mexico
| | - Kathryn Fokas
- Department of Psychology and Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), University of New Mexico
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Czermainski FR, Lopes FM, Ornell F, Pinto Guimarães LS, Von Diemen L, Kessler F, Martins de Almeida RM. Concurrent Use of Alcohol and Crack Cocaine is Associated with High Levels of Anger and Liability to Aggression. Subst Use Misuse 2020; 55:1660-1666. [PMID: 32519554 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2020.1756850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate aggressiveness in individuals receiving treatment for alcohol and crack cocaine use, both alone and in combination with one another, in order to compare them to control subjects with no history of drug problems, using the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Method: The sample consisted of 67 men aged 18-65 years, divided into four groups: alcohol (n = 13); crack cocaine (n = 25); crack cocaine + alcohol (n = 16) and controls (n = 13). Participants completed the following instruments: socioeconomic questionnaire, the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory. Results: Individuals with alcohol dependence alone, or comorbid with crack cocaine dependence, showed elevated levels of aggression and anger, though these varied according to the drug of abuse. Concurrent users of alcohol and crack cocaine had the highest levels of aggression, followed by isolated alcohol users, suggesting an association between alcohol consumption and aggression. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that alcohol and aggression levels may be associated with violent behavior. Concurrent use of alcohol and crack cocaine was related to higher levels of aggression, which may be associated with more severe alterations in behavior and impulse control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Felipe Ornell
- Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Lisia Von Diemen
- Center for Drug and Alcohol Research, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felix Kessler
- Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Herman AM, Duka T. The Role of Impulsivity Facets on the Incidence and Development of Alcohol Use Disorders. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2020; 47:197-221. [PMID: 32474898 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2020_137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder defined according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association 2013), "by a cluster of behavioural and physical symptoms, which can include, withdrawal, tolerance and craving". Social, emotional, behavioural and cognitive factors are important contributors to AUD. Impulsivity, a multifaceted behavioural concept, defined as a predisposition for rapid and unplanned actions, without considering potential negative consequences of these actions, represents an important such factor. In this chapter, research on the role of distinct impulsivity dimensions in different severity stages of alcohol use is presented.Increased self-reported (trait) impulsivity and an inability to wait, as well as difficulty to adjust behaviour appropriately following a failure to withhold a response are observed across the spectrum of alcohol-use severities. Research on temporal impulsivity (inability to delay gratification) consistently shows deficits in more severe alcohol users. Data on temporal impulsivity in early stages of alcohol use are less consistent, with some studies showing no differences between high and moderate drinkers, while others indicating increased impulsivity in high alcohol users. Data on reflexion impulsivity are currently limited to draw conclusions. Recent research is also presented suggesting the importance of perception and interpretation of physiological and emotional signals on alcohol use behaviour highlighting the necessity of comprehensive integration of the field of the study of emotion and interoception with impulsivity research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Herman
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, UK.,School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK.,Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK
| | - Theodora Duka
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK. .,Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, UK.
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Oberlin BG, Shen YI, Kareken DA. Alcohol Use Disorder Interventions Targeting Brain Sites for Both Conditioned Reward and Delayed Gratification. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:70-86. [PMID: 31863407 PMCID: PMC7007465 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00817-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is a destructive compulsion characterized by chronic relapse and poor recovery outcomes. Heightened reactivity to alcohol-associated stimuli and compromised executive function are hallmarks of alcohol use disorder. Interventions targeting these two interacting domains are thought to ameliorate these altered states, but the mutual brain sites of action are yet unknown. Although interventions on alcohol cue reactivity affect reward area responses, how treatments alter brain responses when subjects exert executive effort to delay gratification is not as well-characterized. Focusing on interventions that could be developed into effective clinical treatments, we review and identify brain sites of action for these two categories of potential therapies. Using activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analysis, we find that interventions on alcohol cue reactivity localize to ventral prefrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate, and temporal, striatal, and thalamic regions. Interventions for increasing delayed reward preference elicit changes mostly in midline default mode network regions, including posterior cingulate, precuneus, and ventromedial prefrontal cortex-in addition to temporal and parietal regions. Anatomical co-localization of effects appears in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, whereas effects specific to delay-of-gratification appear in the posterior cingulate and precuneus. Thus, the current available literature suggests that interventions in the domains of cue reactivity and delay discounting alter brain activity along midline default mode regions, specifically in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex for both domains, and the posterior cingulate/precuneus for delay-of-gratification. We believe that these findings could facilitate targeting and development of new interventions, and ultimately treatments of this challenging disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon G Oberlin
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis,, USA.
- Addiction Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University at Indianapolis, School of Science, Indianapolis, USA.
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA.
| | - Yitong I Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis,, USA
| | - David A Kareken
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
- Department of Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis,, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, USA
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Burnette EM, Grodin EN, Lim AC, MacKillop J, Karno MP, Ray LA. Association between impulsivity and neural activation to alcohol cues in heavy drinkers. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 293:110986. [PMID: 31622796 PMCID: PMC7238761 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.110986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examines associations between two measures of impulsivity and brain response to alcohol taste cues. Impulsivity is both a risk factor for and a consequence of alcohol use and misuse. Frontostriatal circuits are linked to both impulsivity and addiction-related behaviors, including response to alcohol cues. Non-treatment-seeking heavy drinkers (n = 55) completed (i) an fMRI alcohol taste cue-reactivity paradigm; (ii) the monetary choice questionnaire (MCQ), a measure of choice impulsivity where participants choose between smaller, sooner rewards and larger, delayed rewards; (iii) and the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale, a self-report measure assessing five impulsivity factors. General linear models identified associations between neural alcohol taste cue-reactivity and impulsivity, adjusting for age, gender, and smoking status. Self-reported sensation seeking was positively associated with alcohol taste cue-elicited activation in frontostriatal regions, such that individuals who reported higher sensation seeking displayed greater neural response to alcohol taste cues. Conversely, delay discounting was negatively associated with activation in frontoparietal regions, such that individuals who reported greater discounting showed less cue-elicited activation. There were no significant associations between other self-reported impulsivity subscales and alcohol taste cue-reactivity. These results indicate that sensation seeking is associated with reward responsivity, while delay discounting is associated with recruitment of self-control circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Burnette
- Interdepartmental Program for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Erica N Grodin
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aaron C Lim
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - James MacKillop
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mitchell P Karno
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lara A Ray
- Interdepartmental Program for Neuroscience, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Hoffmeister JR, Cohoon AJ, Sorocco KH, Acheson A, Lovallo WR. Addiction resistance to alcohol: What about heavy drinkers who avoid alcohol problems? Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 204:107552. [PMID: 31539868 PMCID: PMC6878140 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some individuals are resistant to alcohol use disorders despite high levels of intake. Addiction Resistance (AR) measures the disparity between alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms, such that some persons exhibit few (AUD) symptoms despite higher intake. The validity of the concept and the factors contributing to AR are not well understood. The aim of this study was to predict AR based on variables related to risk for addiction that are measured in the Family Health Patterns Project. METHOD Participants were healthy young adults (n = 1122) with and without a family history of alcohol and other substance use disorders who were given measures of mood stability and risk-taking tendencies, and were interviewed to determine alcohol intake, AUD symptoms, and other substance use disorders (SUD). AR was calculated using maximal lifetime alcohol intake and number of AUD symptoms. RESULTS A principal components analysis was run with varimax rotation, which yielded three components: Component 1 indexed behavioral and mood regulation, Component 2 encompassed family and environmental factors, and Component 3 included cognitive factors. A multiple regression analysis revealed that Component 1 and Component 2 were predictive of AR whereas Component 3 was not. DISCUSSION Individuals who reported greater emotional stability, norm adherence, risk avoidance, and fewer family members with substance use disorders were more resistant to AUD despite higher alcohol intake. These findings suggest that AUD risk and resistance may represent different points of the same continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R. Hoffmeister
- Department of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Labs, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 755 Research Parkway, Ste. 568, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Andrew J. Cohoon
- Department of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Labs, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 755 Research Parkway, Ste. 568, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Kristen H. Sorocco
- Department of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Labs, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 755 Research Parkway, Ste. 568, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Ashley Acheson
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
| | - William R. Lovallo
- Department of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences Labs, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 755 Research Parkway, Ste. 568, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
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Bechara A, Berridge KC, Bickel WK, Morón JA, Williams SB, Stein JS. A Neurobehavioral Approach to Addiction: Implications for the Opioid Epidemic and the Psychology of Addiction. Psychol Sci Public Interest 2019; 20:96-127. [PMID: 31591935 PMCID: PMC7001788 DOI: 10.1177/1529100619860513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Two major questions about addictive behaviors need to be explained by any worthwhile neurobiological theory. First, why do people seek drugs in the first place? Second, why do some people who use drugs seem to eventually become unable to resist drug temptation and so become "addicted"? We will review the theories of addiction that address negative-reinforcement views of drug use (i.e., taking opioids to alleviate distress or withdrawal), positive-reinforcement views (i.e., taking drugs for euphoria), habit views (i.e., growth of automatic drug-use routines), incentive-sensitization views (i.e., growth of excessive "wanting" to take drugs as a result of dopamine-related sensitization), and cognitive-dysfunction views (i.e., impaired prefrontal top-down control), including those involving competing neurobehavioral decision systems (CNDS), and the role of the insula in modulating addictive drug craving. In the special case of opioids, particular attention is paid to whether their analgesic effects overlap with their reinforcing effects and whether the perceived low risk of taking legal medicinal opioids, which are often prescribed by a health professional, could play a role in the decision to use. Specifically, we will address the issue of predisposition or vulnerability to becoming addicted to drugs (i.e., the question of why some people who experiment with drugs develop an addiction, while others do not). Finally, we review attempts to develop novel therapeutic strategies and policy ideas that could help prevent opioid and other substance abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bechara
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California
- Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California
| | | | - Warren K. Bickel
- Addiction Recovery Research Center & Center for Transformational Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia
| | - Jose A. Morón
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine
- Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Sidney B. Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine
- Washington University Pain Center, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Jeffrey S. Stein
- Addiction Recovery Research Center & Center for Transformational Research on Health Behaviors, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, Virginia
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Deshpande HU, Mellis AM, Lisinski JM, Stein JS, Koffarnus MN, Paluch R, Schweser F, Zivadinov R, LaConte SM, Epstein LH, Bickel WK. Reinforcer pathology: Common neural substrates for delay discounting and snack purchasing in prediabetics. Brain Cogn 2019; 132:80-88. [PMID: 30933707 PMCID: PMC6626634 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Reinforcer pathology theory stipulates that individuals with both (a) high preference for smaller, immediate over larger, delayed rewards; and (b) high demand for unhealthy commodities are uniquely susceptible to poor health outcomes. Specifically, two behavioral economic tasks (delay discounting, assessing preference for smaller, immediate or larger, delayed rewards; and purchasing, assessing purchases of commodities over changes in price) have been independently associated with conditions such as overweight/obesity and problem substance use. In the present study, we examined possible shared neural regions involved in the processes of delay discounting and demand for snack foods in a prediabetic sample. Fifty-four participants completed both of these tasks. Conjunction between delay discounting and purchasing task results indicates substantial common neural substrates recruited during these two tasks, consistent with interpretations of executive control, interoception, and attention, in the prefrontal cortex, insula, and frontoparietal cortex (superior/middle frontal cortex and superior/inferior parietal lobules), respectively. Collectively, these results suggest possible neural substrates in which the two behavioral risk factors of reinforcer pathology may interact during real-world decision-making in prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandra M Mellis
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Jonathan M Lisinski
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Stein
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Mikhail N Koffarnus
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Rocco Paluch
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Ferdinand Schweser
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging at Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Robert Zivadinov
- Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center, Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA; Center for Biomedical Imaging at Clinical Translational Science Institute, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Stephen M LaConte
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Leonard H Epstein
- University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Warren K Bickel
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA.
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Fede SJ, Grodin EN, Dean SF, Diazgranados N, Momenan R. Resting state connectivity best predicts alcohol use severity in moderate to heavy alcohol users. Neuroimage Clin 2019; 22:101782. [PMID: 30921611 PMCID: PMC6438989 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the United States, 13% of adults are estimated to have alcohol use disorder (AUD). Most studies examining the neurobiology of AUD treat individuals with this disorder as a homogeneous group; however, the theories of the neurocircuitry of AUD call for a quantitative and dimensional approach. Previous imaging studies find differences in brain structure, function, and resting-state connectivity in AUD, but few use a multimodal approach to understand the association between severity of alcohol use and the brain differences. METHODS Adults (ages 22-60) with problem drinking patterns (n = 59) completed a behavioral and neuroimaging protocol at the National Institutes of Health. Alcohol severity was quantified with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). In a 3 T MRI scanner, participants underwent a structural MRI as well as resting-state, monetary incentive delay, and face matching fMRI scans. Machine learning was applied and trained using the neural data from MRI scanning. The model was tested for generalizability in a validation sample (n = 24). RESULTS The resting state-connectivity features model best predicted AUD severity in the naïve sample, compared to task fMRI, structural MRI, combined MRI features, or demographic features. Network connectivity features between salience network, default mode network, executive control network, and sensory networks explained 33% of the variance associated with AUDIT in this model. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the neural effects of AUD vary according to severity. Our results emphasize the utility of resting state fMRI as a neuroimaging biomarker for quantitative clinical evaluation of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Fede
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, MSC 1108, United States.
| | - Erica N Grodin
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, MSC 1108, United States
| | - Sarah F Dean
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, MSC 1108, United States
| | - Nancy Diazgranados
- Office of Clinical Director, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, MSC 1108, United States
| | - Reza Momenan
- Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20814, MSC 1108, United States.
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McCready H, Kohno M, Kolessar M, Dennis L, Kriz D, Luber H, Anderson R, Chang M, Sasaki A, Flora K, Vandenbark A, Mitchell SH, Loftis JM, Hoffman WF, Huckans M. Functional MRI and delay discounting in patients infected with hepatitis C. J Neurovirol 2018; 24:738-751. [PMID: 30298201 PMCID: PMC6279508 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-018-0670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus-infected (HCV+) adults evidence increased rates of psychiatric and cognitive difficulties. This is the first study to use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine brain activation in untreated HCV+ adults. To determine whether, relative to non-infected controls (CTLs), HCV+ adults exhibit differences in brain activation during a delay discounting task (DDT), a measure of one's tendency to choose smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards-one aspect of impulsivity. Twenty adults with HCV and 26 CTLs completed an fMRI protocol during the DDT. Mixed effects regression analyses of hard versus easy trials of the DDT showed that, compared with CTLs, the HCV+ group exhibited less activation in the left lateral occipital gyrus, precuneus, and superior frontal gyrus. There were also significant interactive effects for hard-easy contrasts in the bilateral medial frontal gyrus, left insula, left precuneus, left inferior parietal lobule, and right temporal occipital gyrus; the CTL group evidenced a positive relationship between impulsivity and activation, while the HCV+ group exhibited a negative relationship. Within the HCV+ group, those with high viral load chose immediate rewards more often than those with low viral load, regardless of choice difficulty; those with low viral load chose immediate rewards more often on hard choices relative to easy choices. Results show that HCV+ patients exhibit greater impulsive behavior when presented with difficult choices, and impulsivity is negatively related to activation in regions important for cognitive control. Thus, interventions that decrease impulsive choice may be warranted with some HCV+ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly McCready
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Milky Kohno
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Michael Kolessar
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of PM&R and Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Laura Dennis
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Daniel Kriz
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Hannah Luber
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Renee Anderson
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Michael Chang
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- The Northwest Hepatitis C Resource Center, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Anna Sasaki
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- The Northwest Hepatitis C Resource Center, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Kenneth Flora
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Oregon Clinic, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Arthur Vandenbark
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Suzanne H Mitchell
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jennifer M Loftis
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- The Northwest Hepatitis C Resource Center, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - William F Hoffman
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Behavioral Health & Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Marilyn Huckans
- Research and Development, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- The Northwest Hepatitis C Resource Center, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
- Behavioral Health & Clinical Neurosciences Division, VA Portland Health Care System, 3710 SW US Veteran's Hospital Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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Huggins AA, Belleau EL, Miskovich TA, Pedersen WS, Larson CL. Moderating Effects of Harm Avoidance on Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Anterior Insula. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:447. [PMID: 30483082 PMCID: PMC6240578 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As an index of behavioral inhibition and an individual’s propensity to avoid, rather than seek, potentially dangerous situations, harm avoidance has been linked to internalizing psychopathology. Altered connectivity within intrinsic functional neural networks (i.e., default mode [DMN], central executive [CEN] and salience networks [SN]) has been related to internalizing psychopathology; however, less is known about the effects of harm avoidance on functional connectivity within and between these networks. Importantly, harm avoidance may be distinguishable from trait anxiety and have clinical relevance as a risk factor for internalizing psychopathology. A sample of young adults (n = 99) completed a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan and self-report measures of harm avoidance and trait anxiety. Whole brain seed-to-voxel and seed-to-network connectivity analyses were conducted using anterior insula seeds to examine associations between harm avoidance/trait anxiety and connectivity. After adjusting for sex and age, there was a significant negative effect of harm avoidance on connectivity between the anterior insula and clusters in the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) left superior/middle frontal gyrus, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and bilateral inferior parietal lobule (IPL)/angular gyrus. Seed-to-network analyses indicated a negative effect of harm avoidance on connectivity between the right anterior insula and anterior and posterior DMN. There were no effects of trait anxiety on functional connectivity of the anterior insula. Overall, the results indicate that individual differences in harm avoidance relate to disruptions in internetwork connectivity that may contribute to deficits in appropriately modulating attentional focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Huggins
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Emily L Belleau
- Center for Depression, Anxiety and Stress Research, McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Tara A Miskovich
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Walker S Pedersen
- Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Christine L Larson
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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Zhornitsky S, Ide JS, Wang W, Chao HH, Zhang S, Hu S, Krystal JH, Li CSR. Problem Drinking, Alcohol Expectancy, and Thalamic Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Nondependent Adult Drinkers. Brain Connect 2018; 8:487-502. [PMID: 30198312 PMCID: PMC6207153 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2018.0633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol misuse is associated with thalamic dysfunction. The thalamus comprises subnuclei that relay and integrate information between cortical and subcortical structures. However, it is unclear how the subnuclei contribute to thalamic dysfunctions in problem drinking. We investigated resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of thalamic subregions in 107 nondependent drinkers (57 women), using masks delineated by white matter tractography. Thalamus was parceled into motor, somatosensory, visual, premotor, frontal association, parietal association, and temporal association subregions. Whole-brain linear regression, each against Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and positive alcohol expectancy (AE) score with age as a covariate, was performed for each seed, for men and women combined, and separately. Overall, problem drinking was associated with increased thalamic connectivities, whereas AE was associated with a mixed pattern of increased and decreased connectivities. Motor, premotor, somatosensory, and frontal association thalamic connectivity with bilateral caudate head was positively correlated with AUDIT score in men and women combined. Connectivity of the right caudate head with frontal association and premotor thalamus was also positively correlated with AE score in men and women combined. In contrast, motor and premotor thalamic connectivity with a number of cortical and subcortical structures showed sex differences in the correlation each with AUDIT and AE score. In mediation analyses, AE score completely mediated the correlation between thalamic caudate connectivity and AUDIT score, whereas the model where AE contributed to problem drinking and, in turn, altered thalamic caudate connectivity was not supported. To conclude, thalamic subregional rsFCs showed both shared and distinct changes and sex differences in association with problem drinking and AE. Increased thalamic caudate connectivity may contribute to problem drinking via enhanced AE. The findings suggest the importance of examining thalamic subdivisions and sex in investigating the functional roles of thalamus in problem drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Zhornitsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jaime S. Ide
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Wuyi Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Herta H. Chao
- Department of Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sien Hu
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Oswego, New York
| | - John H. Krystal
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Chiang-shan R. Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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36
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Kim B, Im HI. The role of the dorsal striatum in choice impulsivity. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1451:92-111. [PMID: 30277562 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
It has long been recognized that the dorsal striatum is an essential brain region for control of action selection based on action-outcome contingency learning, particularly when the available actions are bound to rewarding outcomes. In principle, intertemporal choice in the delay-discounting task-a validated measure of choice impulsivity-involves reward-associated actions that require the recruitment of the dorsal striatum. Here, we conjecture about ways the dorsal striatum is involved in choice impulsivity. Based on a selective body of studies, we begin with a brief history of research on choice impulsivity and the dorsal striatum, and then provide a comprehensive summary of contemporary studies utilizing human neuroimaging and animal models to search for links between choice impulsivity and the dorsal striatum. In particular, we discuss in-depth the converging evidence for the associations of choice impulsivity with the reward valuation coded by the caudate, a ventral-to-dorsal gradient in the dorsal striatum, the origins of striatal afferents, and developmental maturation of frontostriatal connectivity during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- BaekSun Kim
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heh-In Im
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Neuroscience, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
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37
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Herman AM, Critchley HD, Duka T. Binge drinking is associated with attenuated frontal and parietal activation during successful response inhibition in fearful context. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 50:2297-2310. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M. Herman
- Behavioral and Clinical NeuroscienceSchool of PsychologyUniversity of Sussex Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH UK
- Sussex Addiction and Intervention CentreUniversity of Sussex Brighton UK
| | - Hugo D. Critchley
- Sackler Centre for Consciousness ScienceUniversity of Sussex Brighton UK
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School Brighton UK
| | - Theodora Duka
- Behavioral and Clinical NeuroscienceSchool of PsychologyUniversity of Sussex Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH UK
- Sussex Addiction and Intervention CentreUniversity of Sussex Brighton UK
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Hall PA, Bickel WK, Erickson KI, Wagner DD. Neuroimaging, neuromodulation, and population health: the neuroscience of chronic disease prevention. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1428:240-256. [PMID: 29863790 PMCID: PMC6175225 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Preventable chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the majority of countries throughout the world, and this trend will continue for the foreseeable future. The potential to offset the social, economic, and personal burdens associated with such conditions depends on our ability to influence people's thought processes, decisions, and behaviors, all of which can be understood with reference to the brain itself. Within the health neuroscience framework, the brain can be viewed as a predictor, mediator, moderator, or outcome in relation to health-related phenomena. This review explores examples of each of these, with specific reference to the primary prevention (i.e., prevention of initial onset) of chronic diseases. Within the topic of primary prevention, we touch on several cross-cutting themes (persuasive communications, delay discounting of rewards, and self-control), and place a special focus on obesity as a disorder influenced by both eating behavior and exercise habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. Hall
- School of Public Health and Health SystemsUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada
| | - Warren K. Bickel
- Departments of PsychologyNeuroscience and Health Sciences, Virginia TechRoanokeVirginia
| | - Kirk I. Erickson
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvania
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Repke MA, Berry MS, Conway LG, Metcalf A, Hensen RM, Phelan C. How does nature exposure make people healthier?: Evidence for the role of impulsivity and expanded space perception. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202246. [PMID: 30133499 PMCID: PMC6104990 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature exposure has been linked to a plethora of health benefits, but the mechanism for this effect is not well understood. We conducted two studies to test a new model linking the health benefits of nature exposure to reduced impulsivity in decision-making (as measured by delay discounting) via psychologically expanding space perception. In study 1 we collected a nationwide U.S. sample (n = 609) to determine whether nature exposure was predictive of health outcomes and whether impulsive decision-making mediated the effect. Results indicated that Nature Accessibility and Nature Exposure From Home significantly predicted reduced scores on the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS) (p < .001, p = .03, respectively) and improved general health and wellbeing (p < .001, p < .01, respectively). Nature Accessibility also predicted reduced impulsive decision-making (p < .01), and Nature Accessibility showed significant indirect effects through impulsive decision-making on both the DASS (p = .02) and general health and wellbeing (p = .04). In Study 2, a lab-based paradigm found that nature exposure expanded space perception (p < .001), and while the indirect effect of nature exposure through space perception on impulsive decision-making did not meet conventional standards of significance (p < .10), the pattern was consistent with hypotheses. This combination of ecologically-valid and experimental methods offers promising support for an impulsivity-focused model explaining the nature-health relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith A. Repke
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Meredith S. Berry
- Behavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lucian G. Conway
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Alexander Metcalf
- College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Reid M. Hensen
- Department of Psychology, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
| | - Conor Phelan
- College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana, United States of America
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40
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Gordon HW. Differential Activation of the Left and Right Cerebral Hemispheres of Individuals Who Use or are Dependent on Drugs of Abuse. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 4. [PMID: 30090867 PMCID: PMC6078424 DOI: 10.21767/2471-853x.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The left and right cerebral hemispheres are not equivalent in performance of cognitive functions associated with risk factors of drug abuse, nor is their development equivalently affected by drugs of abuse. The question addressed here is whether drugs of abuse affect cognitive function as assessed by brain activation, in particular related to impulsivity, and/or whether weaker brain activation associated with impulsivity increases the risk of drug abuse. Methodology: Using PubMed and key words, articles were selected that addressed brain activation in individuals who used or abused one of the psychoactive drugs. Findings are summarized. Results: For each of the drugs, hypoactivation was found. In some cases this reduced activation was reported predominantly for the right or both hemispheres. There were fewer reports for the left hemisphere. Discussion and Conclusion: Rarely do authors focus on why only one or the other hemisphere is affected or why specific structures are affected. Neurobiological differences between the hemispheres and among various brain structures could provide clues to the specific effect of drugs. Increased attention to this gap in research will give additional insights into the etiology of drug abuse and provide direction for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harold W Gordon
- Epidemiology Research Branch, Division of Epidemiology, Services, and Prevention Research (DESPR), National Institute on Drug Abuse, USA
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41
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Gardiner CK, Karoly HC, Thayer RE, Gillman AS, Sabbineni A, Bryan AD. Neural activation during delay discounting is associated with 6-month change in risky sexual behavior in adolescents. Ann Behav Med 2018; 52:356-366. [PMID: 29684133 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kax028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identifying cognitive and neural mechanisms of decision making in adolescence can enhance understanding of, and interventions to reduce, risky health behaviors in adolescence. Delay discounting, or the propensity to discount the magnitude of temporally distal rewards, has been associated with diverse health risk behaviors, including risky sex. This cognitive process involves recruitment of reward and cognitive control brain regions, which develop on different trajectories in adolescence and are also implicated in real-world risky decision making. However, no extant research has examined how neural activation during delay discounting is associated with adolescents' risky sexual behavior. Purpose To determine whether a relationship exists between adolescents' risky sexual behavior and neural activation during delay discounting. Methods Adolescent participants completed a delay discounting paradigm during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning, and they reported risky sexual behavior at baseline, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month follow-up time points. Latent growth curve models were employed to determine relationships between brain activation during delay discounting and change in risky sexual behavior over time. Results Greater activation in brain regions associated with reward and cognitive control (caudate, putamen, nucleus accumbens, anterior cingulate, insula, orbitofrontal cortex, inferior frontal gyrus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex) during delay discounting was associated with lower mean levels of risky sexual behavior but greater growth over the period from baseline to 6 months. Conclusions Neural activation during delay discounting is cross-sectionally and prospectively associated with risky sexual behavior in adolescence, highlighting a neural basis of risky decision-making as well as opportunities for early identification and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casey K Gardiner
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB, Boulder, CO
| | - Hollis C Karoly
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB, Boulder, CO
| | - Rachel E Thayer
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB, Boulder, CO
| | - Arielle S Gillman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB, Boulder, CO
| | - Amithrupa Sabbineni
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB, Boulder, CO
| | - Angela D Bryan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, UCB, Boulder, CO
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42
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Smith BJ, Monterosso JR, Wakslak CJ, Bechara A, Read SJ. A meta-analytical review of brain activity associated with intertemporal decisions: Evidence for an anterior-posterior tangibility axis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 86:85-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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43
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Lim AC, Cservenka A, Ray LA. Effects of Alcohol Dependence Severity on Neural Correlates of Delay Discounting. Alcohol Alcohol 2018; 52:506-515. [PMID: 28340213 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agx015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The current study examines the relationship between alcohol dependence severity and delay discounting neural activation. Methods Participants (N = 17; 6 female) completed measures of alcohol use and severity and a functional magnetic resonance imaging version of a delay discounting task. Results Alcohol dependence severity was negatively associated with activation in superior frontal gyrus during impulsive relative to delayed decisions, and positively associated with activation in paracingulate gyrus and frontal pole in delayed relative to impulsive decisions. Conclusions These results indicate that alcohol dependence severity tracks closely with dysregulations in cognitive control and reward evaluation areas during impulsive and delayed decisions, respectively. Delay discounting may be a useful construct in capturing these cognitive dysregulations as alcohol use disorders become more severe. Short summary Among alcohol-dependent individuals, alcohol dependence severity is associated with overactivation of ventromedial prefrontal areas during delayed and underactivation of dorsolateral prefrontal regions during impulsive reward decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C Lim
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anita Cservenka
- School of Psychological Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Lara A Ray
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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44
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Molnar SM, Beaton LE, Happer JP, Holcomb LA, Huang S, Arienzo D, Marinkovic K. Behavioral and Brain Activity Indices of Cognitive Control Deficits in Binge Drinkers. Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8010009. [PMID: 29300304 PMCID: PMC5789340 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy episodic drinking is prevalent among young adults and is a public issue of increasing importance. Its initiation and maintenance are associated with deficits in the capacity to inhibit automatic processing in favor of non-habitual responses. This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine behavioral and brain activity indices of cognitive control during the Stroop task as a function of binge drinking. Heavy episodic drinkers (HED) reported consuming 5+/6+ drinks in two hours at least five times in the past six months and were compared to light drinkers (LED) who reported two or fewer binge episodes but were matched on demographics, intelligence and family history of alcoholism. Greater conflict-induced activity in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) and thalamus was observed in HED participants and it was positively correlated with alcohol intake and alcohol-related harmful consequences. HEDs maintained intact accuracy but at a cost of prolonged reaction times to high-conflict trials and increased ratings of task difficulty. Greater activation of the areas implicated in cognitive control is consistent with compensatory network expansion to meet higher cognitive demands. These results provide further insight into degradation of cognitive control in HEDs which may benefit development of detection and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Molnar
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
| | - Lauren E Beaton
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
| | - Joseph P Happer
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
| | - Lee A Holcomb
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
| | - Siyuan Huang
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
| | - Donatello Arienzo
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
| | - Ksenija Marinkovic
- Spatio-Temporal Brain Imaging Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92120, USA.
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, CA 92039, USA.
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45
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Guttman Z, Moeller SJ, London ED. Neural underpinnings of maladaptive decision-making in addictions. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 164:84-98. [PMID: 28666893 PMCID: PMC5745312 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Guttman
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Scott J Moeller
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Edythe D London
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States; Brain Research Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States.
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46
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Morris LS, Baek K, Tait R, Elliott R, Ersche KD, Flechais R, McGonigle J, Murphy A, Nestor LJ, Orban C, Passetti F, Paterson LM, Rabiner I, Reed L, Smith D, Suckling J, Taylor EM, Bullmore ET, Lingford-Hughes AR, Deakin B, Nutt DJ, Sahakian BJ, Robbins TW, Voon V. Naltrexone ameliorates functional network abnormalities in alcohol-dependent individuals. Addict Biol 2018; 23:425-436. [PMID: 28247526 PMCID: PMC5811832 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Naltrexone, an opioid receptor antagonist, is commonly used as a relapse prevention medication in alcohol and opiate addiction, but its efficacy and the mechanisms underpinning its clinical usefulness are not well characterized. In the current study, we examined the effects of 50‐mg naltrexone compared with placebo on neural network changes associated with substance dependence in 21 alcohol and 36 poly‐drug‐dependent individuals compared with 36 healthy volunteers. Graph theoretic and network‐based statistical analysis of resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data revealed that alcohol‐dependent subjects had reduced functional connectivity of a dispersed network compared with both poly‐drug‐dependent and healthy subjects. Higher local efficiency was observed in both patient groups, indicating clustered and segregated network topology and information processing. Naltrexone normalized heightened local efficiency of the neural network in alcohol‐dependent individuals, to the same levels as healthy volunteers. Naltrexone failed to have an effect on the local efficiency in abstinent poly‐substance‐dependent individuals. Across groups, local efficiency was associated with substance, but no alcohol exposure implicating local efficiency as a potential premorbid risk factor in alcohol use disorders that can be ameliorated by naltrexone. These findings suggest one possible mechanism for the clinical effects of naltrexone, namely, the amelioration of disrupted network topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurel S. Morris
- Department of Psychology; University of Cambridge; UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
| | | | - Roger Tait
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
| | - Rebecca Elliott
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit; University of Manchester; UK
| | - Karen D. Ersche
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
| | - Remy Flechais
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences; Imperial College London; UK
| | - John McGonigle
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences; Imperial College London; UK
| | - Anna Murphy
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit; University of Manchester; UK
| | - Liam J. Nestor
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences; Imperial College London; UK
| | - Csaba Orban
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences; Imperial College London; UK
| | - Filippo Passetti
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences; Imperial College London; UK
| | - Louise M. Paterson
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences; Imperial College London; UK
| | | | - Laurence Reed
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences; Imperial College London; UK
| | - Dana Smith
- Department of Psychology; University of Cambridge; UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
| | - John Suckling
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
| | | | - Edward T. Bullmore
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
| | | | - Bill Deakin
- Neuroscience and Psychiatry Unit; University of Manchester; UK
| | - David J. Nutt
- Centre for Neuropsychopharmacology, Division of Brain Sciences; Imperial College London; UK
| | - Barbara J. Sahakian
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
| | - Trevor W. Robbins
- Department of Psychology; University of Cambridge; UK
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
| | - Valerie Voon
- Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute; University of Cambridge; UK
- Department of Psychiatry; University of Cambridge; UK
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Thayer RE, YorkWilliams S, Karoly HC, Sabbineni A, Ewing SF, Bryan AD, Hutchison KE. Structural neuroimaging correlates of alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents and adults. Addiction 2017. [PMID: 28646566 PMCID: PMC5673530 DOI: 10.1111/add.13923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Chronic alcohol use is associated with lower gray matter volume, and we reported recently that alcohol use showed negative associations with widespread gray matter (GM) volume even among young adults. The current study aimed to test the strength of association between (1) alcohol use and GM volume; (2) alcohol use and white matter (WM) integrity; (3) cannabis use and GM volume; and (4) cannabis use and WM integrity among adults and adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING General linear models within large pooled cross-sectional samples of adolescents and adults who had participated in studies collecting substance use and neuroimaging data in the southwestern United States. PARTICIPANTS The current analysis included adults aged 18-55 years (n = 853) and adolescents aged 14-18 years (n = 439) with a range of alcohol and cannabis use. MEASUREMENTS The dependent variable was GM volume or WM integrity, with key predictors of alcohol use [Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) score] and cannabis use (past 30-day use). FINDINGS Alcohol use showed large clusters of negative associations (ηp2 = 0.028-0.145, P < 0.001) with GM volume among adults and to a lesser extent (one cluster; ηp2 = 0.070, P < 0.05) among adolescents. Large clusters showed significant associations (ηp2 = 0.050-0.124, P < 0.001) of higher alcohol use with poorer WM integrity, whereas adolescents showed no significant associations between alcohol use and WM. No associations were observed between structural measures and past 30-day cannabis use in adults or adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol use severity is associated with widespread lower gray matter volume and white matter integrity in adults, and with lower gray matter volume in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E. Thayer
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Sophie YorkWilliams
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Hollis C. Karoly
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Amithrupa Sabbineni
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | | | - Angela D. Bryan
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
| | - Kent E. Hutchison
- Department of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO
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Hall SB, Brown NW, Humphries JR. Premature Termination From Outpatient Psychotherapy in a University-Based Counseling Center. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21501378.2017.1302786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean B. Hall
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - J. Ryan Humphries
- Behavioral Health Crisis Center of Cobb Douglas Public Health, Marietta, GA, USA
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Adisetiyo V, Gray KM. Neuroimaging the neural correlates of increased risk for substance use disorders in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder-A systematic review. Am J Addict 2017; 26:99-111. [DOI: 10.1111/ajad.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vitria Adisetiyo
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Science; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston South Carolina
| | - Kevin M. Gray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Medical University of South Carolina; Charleston South Carolina
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50
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Amlung M, Vedelago L, Acker J, Balodis I, MacKillop J. Steep delay discounting and addictive behavior: a meta-analysis of continuous associations. Addiction 2017; 112:51-62. [PMID: 27450931 PMCID: PMC5148639 DOI: 10.1111/add.13535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 321] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To synthesize continuous associations between delayed reward discounting (DRD) and both addiction severity and quantity-frequency (QF); to examine moderators of these relationships; and to investigate publication bias. METHODS Meta-analysis of published studies examining continuous associations between DRD and addictive behaviors. Published, peer-reviewed studies on addictive behaviors (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, stimulants, opiates and gambling) were identified via PubMed, MEDLINE and PsycInfo. Studies were restricted to DRD measures of monetary gains. Random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using Pearson's r as the effect size. Publication bias was evaluated using fail-safe N, Begg-Mazumdar and Egger's tests, meta-regression of publication year and effect size and imputation of missing studies. RESULTS The primary meta-analysis revealed a small magnitude effect size that was highly significant (r = 0.14, P < 10-14 ). Significantly larger effect sizes were observed for studies examining severity compared with QF (P = 0.01), but not between the type of addictive behavior (P = 0.30) or DRD assessment (P = 0.90). Indices of publication bias suggested a modest impact of unpublished findings. CONCLUSIONS Delayed reward discounting is associated robustly with continuous measures of addiction severity and quantity-frequency. This relation is generally robust across type of addictive behavior and delayed reward discounting assessment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Amlung
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; 100 West 5 St, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3K7
| | - Lana Vedelago
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; 100 West 5 St, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3K7
| | - John Acker
- Center for Integrated Healthcare, Syracuse VA Medical Center; Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
| | - Iris Balodis
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; 100 West 5 St, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3K7
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph’s Healthcare Hamilton; 100 West 5 St, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3K7,Homewood Research Institute, Homewood Health Centre; 150 Delhi St, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1E 6K9
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