1
|
Dhaouadi S, Bouhaouala-Zahar B, Orend G. Tenascin-C targeting strategies in cancer. Matrix Biol 2024; 130:1-19. [PMID: 38642843 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a matricellular and multimodular glycoprotein highly expressed under pathological conditions, especially in cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases. Since a long time TNC is considered as a promising target for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in anti-cancer treatments and was already extensively targeted in clinical trials on cancer patients. This review provides an overview of the current most advanced strategies used for TNC detection and anti-TNC theranostic approaches including some advanced clinical strategies. We also discuss novel treatment protocols, where targeting immune modulating functions of TNC could be center stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayda Dhaouadi
- Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Gertraud Orend
- INSERM U1109, The Tumor Microenvironment laboratory, Université Strasbourg, Hôpital Civil, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rawat C, Heemers HV. Alternative splicing in prostate cancer progression and therapeutic resistance. Oncogene 2024; 43:1655-1668. [PMID: 38658776 PMCID: PMC11136669 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03036-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) remains the second leading cause of cancer deaths in western men. CaP mortality results from diverse molecular mechanisms that mediate resistance to the standard of care treatments for metastatic disease. Recently, alternative splicing has been recognized as a hallmark of CaP aggressiveness. Alternative splicing events cause treatment resistance and aggressive CaP behavior and are determinants of the emergence of the two major types of late-stage treatment-resistant CaP, namely castration-resistant CaP (CRPC) and neuroendocrine CaP (NEPC). Here, we review recent multi-omics data that are uncovering the complicated landscape of alternative splicing events during CaP progression and the impact that different gene transcript isoforms can have on CaP cell biology and behavior. We discuss renewed insights in the molecular machinery by which alternative splicing occurs and contributes to the failure of systemic CaP therapies. The potential for alternative splicing events to serve as diagnostic markers and/or therapeutic targets is explored. We conclude by considering current challenges and promises associated with splicing-modulating therapies, and their potential for clinical translation into CaP patient care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Rawat
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Hannelore V Heemers
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Runel G, Lopez-Ramirez N, Barbollat-Boutrand L, Cario M, Durand S, Grimont M, Schartl M, Dalle S, Caramel J, Chlasta J, Masse I. Cancer Cell Biomechanical Properties Accompany Tspan8-Dependent Cutaneous Melanoma Invasion. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:694. [PMID: 38398085 PMCID: PMC10887418 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic biomechanical properties of cancer cells remain poorly understood. To decipher whether cell stiffness modulation could increase melanoma cells' invasive capacity, we performed both in vitro and in vivo experiments exploring cell stiffness by atomic force microscopy (AFM). We correlated stiffness properties with cell morphology adaptation and the molecular mechanisms underlying epithelial-to-mesenchymal (EMT)-like phenotype switching. We found that melanoma cell stiffness reduction was systematically associated with the acquisition of invasive properties in cutaneous melanoma cell lines, human skin reconstructs, and Medaka fish developing spontaneous MAP-kinase-induced melanomas. We observed a systematic correlation of stiffness modulation with cell morphological changes towards mesenchymal characteristic gains. We accordingly found that inducing melanoma EMT switching by overexpressing the ZEB1 transcription factor, a major regulator of melanoma cell plasticity, was sufficient to decrease cell stiffness and transcriptionally induce tetraspanin-8-mediated dermal invasion. Moreover, ZEB1 expression correlated with Tspan8 expression in patient melanoma lesions. Our data suggest that intrinsic cell stiffness could be a highly relevant marker for human cutaneous melanoma development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaël Runel
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, University Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France; (G.R.); (N.L.-R.)
- BioMeca, 60F, Bioserra 2, Av. Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Noémie Lopez-Ramirez
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, University Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France; (G.R.); (N.L.-R.)
| | - Laetitia Barbollat-Boutrand
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, University Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France; (G.R.); (N.L.-R.)
| | - Muriel Cario
- National Reference Center for Rare Skin Disease, Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, INSERM 1035, 33000 Bordeaux, France
- AquiDerm, University Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Simon Durand
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, University Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France; (G.R.); (N.L.-R.)
| | - Maxime Grimont
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, University Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France; (G.R.); (N.L.-R.)
| | - Manfred Schartl
- Developmental Biochemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
- Xiphophorus Genetic Stock Center, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Stéphane Dalle
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, University Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France; (G.R.); (N.L.-R.)
- Dermatology Department, Hôpital Universitaire Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Julie Caramel
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, University Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France; (G.R.); (N.L.-R.)
| | - Julien Chlasta
- BioMeca, 60F, Bioserra 2, Av. Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Ingrid Masse
- Cancer Research Center of Lyon, CNRS UMR5286, Inserm U1052, University of Lyon, University Lyon 1, 69000 Lyon, France; (G.R.); (N.L.-R.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abedsaeidi M, Hojjati F, Tavassoli A, Sahebkar A. Biology of Tenascin C and its Role in Physiology and Pathology. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:2706-2731. [PMID: 37021423 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230404124229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a multimodular extracellular matrix (ECM) protein hexameric with several molecular forms (180-250 kDa) produced by alternative splicing at the pre-mRNA level and protein modifications. The molecular phylogeny indicates that the amino acid sequence of TNC is a well-conserved protein among vertebrates. TNC has binding partners, including fibronectin, collagen, fibrillin-2, periostin, proteoglycans, and pathogens. Various transcription factors and intracellular regulators tightly regulate TNC expression. TNC plays an essential role in cell proliferation and migration. Unlike embryonic tissues, TNC protein is distributed over a few tissues in adults. However, higher TNC expression is observed in inflammation, wound healing, cancer, and other pathological conditions. It is widely expressed in a variety of human malignancies and is recognized as a pivotal factor in cancer progression and metastasis. Moreover, TNC increases both pro-and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. It has been identified as an essential factor in tissue injuries such as damaged skeletal muscle, heart disease, and kidney fibrosis. This multimodular hexameric glycoprotein modulates both innate and adaptive immune responses regulating the expression of numerous cytokines. Moreover, TNC is an important regulatory molecule that affects the onset and progression of neuronal disorders through many signaling pathways. We provide a comprehensive overview of the structural and expression properties of TNC and its potential functions in physiological and pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Malihehsadat Abedsaeidi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Hojjati
- Division of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Tavassoli
- Division of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen W, Wu Y, Wang J, Yu W, Shen X, Zhao K, Liang B, Hu X, Wang S, Jiang H, Liu X, Zhang M, Xing X, Wang C, Xing D. Clinical advances in TNC delivery vectors and their conjugate agents. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 253:108577. [PMID: 38081519 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Tenascin C (TNC), a glycoprotein that is abundant in the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM), is strongly overexpressed in tumor tissues but virtually undetectable in most normal tissues. Many TNC antibodies, peptides, aptamers, and nanobodies have been investigated as delivery vectors, including 20A1, α-A2, α-A3, α-IIIB, α-D, BC-2, BC-4 BC-8, 81C6, ch81C6, F16, FHK, Ft, Ft-NP, G11, G11-iRGD, GBI-10, 19H12, J1/TN1, J1/TN2, J1/TN3, J1/TN4, J1/TN5, NJT3, NJT4, NJT6, P12, PL1, PL3, R6N, SMART, ST2146, ST2485, TN11, TN12, TNFnA1A2-Fc, TNfnA1D-Fc, TNfnBD-Fc, TNFnCD-Fc, TNfnD6-Fc, TNfn78-Fc, TTA1, TTA1.1, and TTA1.2. In particular, BC-2, BC-4, 81C6, ch81C6, F16, FHK, G11, PL1, PL3, R6N, ST2146, TN11, and TN12 have been tested in human tissues. G11-iRGD and simultaneous multiple aptamers and arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) targeting (SMART) may be assessed in clinical trials because G11, iRGD and AS1411 (SMART components) are already in clinical trials. Many TNC-conjugate agents, including antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), antibody fragment-drug conjugates (FDCs), immune-stimulating antibody conjugates (ISACs), and radionuclide-drug conjugates (RDCs), have been investigated in preclinical and clinical trials. RDCs investigated in clinical trials include 111In-DTPA-BC-2, 131I-BC-2, 131I-BC-4, 90Y-BC4, 131I81C6, 131I-ch81C6, 211At-ch81C6, F16124I, 131I-tenatumomab, ST2146biot, FDC 131I-F16S1PF(ab')2, and ISAC F16IL2. ADCs (including FHK-SSL-Nav, FHK-NB-DOX, Ft-NP-PTX, and F16*-MMAE) and ISACs (IL12-R6N and 125I-G11-IL2) may enter clinical trials because they contain components of marketed treatments or agents that were investigated in previous clinical studies. This comprehensive review presents historical perspectives on clinical advances in TNC-conjugate agents to provide timely information to facilitate tumor-targeting drug development using TNC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wujun Chen
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Yudong Wu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Wanpeng Yu
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Xin Shen
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China; Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Bing Liang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Xiaokun Hu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China; Interventional Medicine Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Therapy for Tumors in Weifang City, School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, China
| | - Hongfei Jiang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Xinlin Liu
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China
| | - Xiaohui Xing
- Department of Neurosurgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong 252000, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China.
| | - Dongming Xing
- Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266000, China; School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ozanne J, Lewis M, Schwenzer A, Kurian D, Brady J, Pritchard D, McLachlan G, Farquharson C, Midwood KS. Extracellular matrix complexity in biomarker studies: a novel assay detecting total serum tenascin-C reveals different distribution to isoform-specific assays. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1275361. [PMID: 38077374 PMCID: PMC10703424 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1275361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum biomarkers are the gold standard in non-invasive disease diagnosis and have tremendous potential as prognostic and theranostic tools for patient stratification. Circulating levels of extracellular matrix molecules are gaining traction as an easily accessible means to assess tissue pathology. However, matrix molecules are large, multimodular proteins that are subject to a vast array of post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications. These modifications often occur in a tissue- and/or disease-specific manner, generating hundreds of different variants, each with distinct biological roles. Whilst this complexity can offer unique insight into disease processes, it also has the potential to confound biomarker studies. Tenascin-C is a pro-inflammatory matrix protein expressed at low levels in most healthy tissues but elevated in, and associated with the pathogenesis of, a wide range of autoimmune diseases, fibrosis, and cancer. Analysis of circulating tenascin-C has been widely explored as a disease biomarker. Hundreds of different tenascin-C isoforms can be generated by alternative splicing, and this protein is also modified by glycosylation and citrullination. Current enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) are used to measure serum tenascin-C using antibodies, recognising sites within domains that are alternatively spliced. These studies, therefore, report only levels of specific isoforms that contain these domains, and studies on the detection of total tenascin-C are lacking. As such, circulating tenascin-C levels may be underestimated and/or biologically relevant isoforms overlooked. We developed a highly specific and sensitive ELISA measuring total tenascin-C down to 0.78ng/ml, using antibodies that recognise sites in constitutively expressed domains. In cohorts of people with different inflammatory and musculoskeletal diseases, levels of splice-specific tenascin-C variants were lower than and distributed differently from total tenascin-C. Neither total nor splice-specific tenascin-C levels correlated with the presence of autoantibodies to citrullinated tenascin-C in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Elevated tenascin-C was not restricted to any one disease and levels were heterogeneous amongst patients with the same disease. These data confirm that its upregulation is not disease-specific, instead suggest that different molecular endotypes or disease stages exist in which pathology is associated with, or independent of, tenascin-C. This immunoassay provides a novel tool for the detection of total tenascin-C that is critical for further biomarker studies. Differences between the distribution of tenascin-C variants and total tenascin-C have implications for the interpretation of studies using isoform-targeted assays. These data highlight the importance of assay design for the detection of multimodular matrix molecules and reveal that there is still much to learn about the intriguingly complex biological roles of distinct matrix proteoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Ozanne
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mel Lewis
- R&D Department Axis-Shield Diagnostics, Axis-Shield Diagnostics Ltd, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Schwenzer
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Kurian
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jeff Brady
- R&D Department Axis-Shield Diagnostics, Axis-Shield Diagnostics Ltd, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - David Pritchard
- R&D Department Axis-Shield Diagnostics, Axis-Shield Diagnostics Ltd, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Gerry McLachlan
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Farquharson
- The Roslin Institute, Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kim S. Midwood
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Silver AB, Tzeng SY, Lager M, Wang J, Ishihara J, Green JJ, Spangler JB. An engineered immunocytokine with collagen affinity improves the tumor bioavailability, tolerability, and therapeutic efficacy of IL-2. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101289. [PMID: 37992685 PMCID: PMC10694763 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The clinical utility of human interleukin-2 (hIL-2) is limited by its short serum half-life, preferential activation of regulatory T (TReg) over immune effector cells, and dose-limiting toxicities. We previously engineered F10 immunocytokine (IC), an intramolecularly assembled cytokine/antibody fusion protein that linked hIL-2 to an anti-IL-2 antibody (denoted F10) that extended IL-2 half-life and augmented the immune effector to TReg ratio. Here, we leveraged molecular engineering to improve the anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of F10 IC by developing an iteration, denoted F10 IC-CBD (collagen binding domain), designed for intratumoral administration and in situ retention based on collagen affinity. F10 IC-CBD retained IL-2 bioactivity exclusively in the tumor and eliminated IL-2-associated toxicities. Furthermore, F10 IC exhibited potent single-agent therapeutic efficacy and synergy with systemic immune checkpoint blockade and elicited an abscopal response in mouse tumors models. This engineered fusion protein presents a prototype for the design of intratumoral therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aliyah B Silver
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA
| | - Stephany Y Tzeng
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Mallory Lager
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jeremy Wang
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jun Ishihara
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jordan J Green
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jamie B Spangler
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Bloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Franco-Valls H, Tusquets-Uxó E, Sala L, Val M, Peña R, Iaconcig A, Villarino Á, Jiménez-Arriola M, Massó P, Trincado JL, Eyras E, Muro AF, Otero J, García de Herreros A, Baulida J. Formation of an invasion-permissive matrix requires TGFβ/SNAIL1-regulated alternative splicing of fibronectin. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:143. [PMID: 37964360 PMCID: PMC10647173 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01736-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As in most solid cancers, the emergence of cells with oncogenic mutations in the mammary epithelium alters the tissue homeostasis. Some soluble factors, such as TGFβ, potently modify the behavior of healthy stromal cells. A subpopulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts expressing a TGFβ target, the SNAIL1 transcription factor, display myofibroblastic abilities that rearrange the stromal architecture. Breast tumors with the presence of SNAIL1 in the stromal compartment, and with aligned extracellular fiber, are associated with poor survival prognoses. METHODS We used deep RNA sequencing and biochemical techniques to study alternative splicing and human tumor databases to test for associations (correlation t-test) between SNAIL1 and fibronectin isoforms. Three-dimensional extracellular matrices generated from fibroblasts were used to study the mechanical properties and actions of the extracellular matrices on tumor cell and fibroblast behaviors. A metastatic mouse model of breast cancer was used to test the action of fibronectin isoforms on lung metastasis. RESULTS In silico studies showed that SNAIL1 correlates with the expression of the extra domain A (EDA)-containing (EDA+) fibronectin in advanced human breast cancer and other types of epithelial cancers. In TGFβ-activated fibroblasts, alternative splicing of fibronectin as well as of 500 other genes was modified by eliminating SNAIL1. Biochemical analyses demonstrated that SNAIL1 favors the inclusion of the EDA exon by modulating the activity of the SRSF1 splicing factor. Similar to Snai1 knockout fibroblasts, EDA- fibronectin fibroblasts produce an extracellular matrix that does not sustain TGFβ-induced fiber organization, rigidity, fibroblast activation, or tumor cell invasion. The presence of EDA+ fibronectin changes the action of metalloproteinases on fibronectin fibers. Critically, in an mouse orthotopic breast cancer model, the absence of the fibronectin EDA domain completely prevents lung metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the requirement of EDA+ fibronectin in the generation of a metastasis permissive stromal architecture in breast cancers and its molecular control by SNAIL1. From a pharmacological point of view, specifically blocking EDA+ fibronectin deposition could be included in studies to reduce the formation of a pro-metastatic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Franco-Valls
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elsa Tusquets-Uxó
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Sala
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- National Institutes of Health: Intramural Research Program, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria Val
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Vall Hebron Institute of Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Peña
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alessandra Iaconcig
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Álvaro Villarino
- Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martín Jiménez-Arriola
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Massó
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan L Trincado
- Research Program of Biomedical Informatics, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Eyras
- Research Program of Biomedical Informatics, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Andrés F Muro
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Jorge Otero
- Unitat Biofísica i Bioenginyeria, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio García de Herreros
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Medicina i Ciències de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep Baulida
- Programa de Recerca en Càncer, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Naba A. 10 years of extracellular matrix proteomics: Accomplishments, challenges, and future perspectives. Mol Cell Proteomics 2023; 22:100528. [PMID: 36918099 PMCID: PMC10152135 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex assembly of hundreds of proteins forming the architectural scaffold of multicellular organisms. In addition to its structural role, the ECM conveys signals orchestrating cellular phenotypes. Alterations of ECM composition, abundance, structure, or mechanics, have been linked to diseases and disorders affecting all physiological systems, including fibrosis and cancer. Deciphering the protein composition of the ECM and how it changes in pathophysiological contexts is thus the first step toward understanding the roles of the ECM in health and disease and toward the development of therapeutic strategies to correct disease-causing ECM alterations. Potentially, the ECM also represents a vast, yet untapped reservoir of disease biomarkers. ECM proteins are characterized by unique biochemical properties that have hindered their study: they are large, heavily and uniquely post-translationally modified, and highly insoluble. Overcoming these challenges, we and others have devised mass-spectrometry-based proteomic approaches to define the ECM composition, or "matrisome", of tissues. This review provides a historical overview of ECM proteomics research and presents the latest advances that now allow the profiling of the ECM of healthy and diseased tissues. The second part highlights recent examples illustrating how ECM proteomics has emerged as a powerful discovery pipeline to identify prognostic cancer biomarkers. The third part discusses remaining challenges limiting our ability to translate findings to clinical application and proposes approaches to overcome them. Last, the review introduces readers to resources available to facilitate the interpretation of ECM proteomics datasets. The ECM was once thought to be impenetrable. MS-based proteomics has proven to be a powerful tool to decode the ECM. In light of the progress made over the past decade, there are reasons to believe that the in-depth exploration of the matrisome is within reach and that we may soon witness the first translational application of ECM proteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Naba
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tucker RP, Degen M. Revisiting the Tenascins: Exploitable as Cancer Targets? Front Oncol 2022; 12:908247. [PMID: 35785162 PMCID: PMC9248440 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.908247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
For their full manifestation, tumors require support from the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes a specific extracellular matrix (ECM), vasculature, and a variety of non-malignant host cells. Together, these components form a tumor-permissive niche that significantly differs from physiological conditions. While the TME helps to promote tumor progression, its special composition also provides potential targets for anti-cancer therapy. Targeting tumor-specific ECM molecules and stromal cells or disrupting aberrant mesenchyme-cancer communications might normalize the TME and improve cancer treatment outcome. The tenascins are a family of large, multifunctional extracellular glycoproteins consisting of four members. Although each have been described to be expressed in the ECM surrounding cancer cells, tenascin-C and tenascin-W are currently the most promising candidates for exploitability and clinical use as they are highly expressed in various tumor stroma with relatively low abundance in healthy tissues. Here, we review what is known about expression of all four tenascin family members in tumors, followed by a more thorough discussion on tenascin-C and tenascin-W focusing on their oncogenic functions and their potential as diagnostic and/or targetable molecules for anti-cancer treatment purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard P. Tucker
- Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Martin Degen
- Laboratory for Oral Molecular Biology, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Martin Degen,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Takabe P, Siiskonen H, Rönkä A, Kainulainen K, Pasonen-Seppänen S. The Impact of Hyaluronan on Tumor Progression in Cutaneous Melanoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:811434. [PMID: 35127523 PMCID: PMC8813769 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.811434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of cutaneous melanoma is rapidly increasing worldwide. Cutaneous melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer, which originates from malignant transformation of pigment producing melanocytes. The main risk factor for melanoma is ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and thus it often arises from highly sun-exposed skin areas and is characterized by a high mutational burden. In addition to melanoma-associated mutations such as BRAF, NRAS, PTEN and cell cycle regulators, the expansion of melanoma is affected by the extracellular matrix surrounding the tumor together with immune cells. In the early phases of the disease, hyaluronan is the major matrix component in cutaneous melanoma microenvironment. It is a high-molecular weight polysaccharide involved in several physiological and pathological processes. Hyaluronan is involved in the inflammatory reactions associated with UV radiation but its role in melanomagenesis is still unclear. Although abundant hyaluronan surrounds epidermal and dermal cells in normal skin and benign nevi, its content is further elevated in dysplastic lesions and local tumors. At this stage hyaluronan matrix may act as a protective barrier against melanoma progression, or alternatively against immune cell attack. While in advanced melanoma, the content of hyaluronan decreases due to altered synthesis and degradation, and this correlates with poor prognosis. This review focuses on hyaluronan matrix in cutaneous melanoma and how the changes in hyaluronan metabolism affect the progression of melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piia Takabe
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hanna Siiskonen
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Aino Rönkä
- Department of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Kirsi Kainulainen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanna Pasonen-Seppänen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- *Correspondence: Sanna Pasonen-Seppänen,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Romano V, Belviso I, Venuta A, Ruocco MR, Masone S, Aliotta F, Fiume G, Montagnani S, Avagliano A, Arcucci A. Influence of Tumor Microenvironment and Fibroblast Population Plasticity on Melanoma Growth, Therapy Resistance and Immunoescape. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5283. [PMID: 34067929 PMCID: PMC8157224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) tissue represents a network constituted by cancer cells and tumor microenvironment (TME). A key feature of CM is the high structural and cellular plasticity of TME, allowing its evolution with disease and adaptation to cancer cell and environmental alterations. In particular, during melanoma development and progression each component of TME by interacting with each other and with cancer cells is subjected to dramatic structural and cellular modifications. These alterations affect extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, phenotypic profile of stromal cells, cancer growth and therapeutic response. The stromal fibroblast populations of the TME include normal fibroblasts and melanoma-associated fibroblasts (MAFs) that are highly abundant and flexible cell types interacting with melanoma and stromal cells and differently influencing CM outcomes. The shift from the normal microenvironment to TME and from normal fibroblasts to MAFs deeply sustains CM growth. Hence, in this article we review the features of the normal microenvironment and TME and describe the phenotypic plasticity of normal dermal fibroblasts and MAFs, highlighting their roles in normal skin homeostasis and TME regulation. Moreover, we discuss the influence of MAFs and their secretory profiles on TME remodelling, melanoma progression, targeted therapy resistance and immunosurveillance, highlighting the cellular interactions, the signalling pathways and molecules involved in these processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Romano
- Department of Public Health, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (I.B.); (A.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Immacolata Belviso
- Department of Public Health, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (I.B.); (A.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Alessandro Venuta
- Department of Public Health, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (I.B.); (A.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria Rosaria Ruocco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.R.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Stefania Masone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Federica Aliotta
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.R.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Giuseppe Fiume
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Stefania Montagnani
- Department of Public Health, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (I.B.); (A.V.); (S.M.)
| | - Angelica Avagliano
- Department of Public Health, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (I.B.); (A.V.); (S.M.)
- Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, University of Napoli Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandro Arcucci
- Department of Public Health, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (V.R.); (I.B.); (A.V.); (S.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ongaro T, Guarino SR, Scietti L, Palamini M, Wulhfard S, Neri D, Villa A, Forneris F. Inference of molecular structure for characterization and improvement of clinical grade immunocytokines. J Struct Biol 2021; 213:107696. [PMID: 33493635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2021.107696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The use of immunomodulatory agents for the treatment of cancer is gaining a growing biopharmaceutical interest. Antibody-cytokine fusion proteins, namely immunocytokines, represent a promising solution for the regulation of the immune system at the site of disease. The three-dimensional arrangement of these molecules can profoundly influence their biological activity and pharmacokinetic properties. Structural techniques might provide important insight in the 3D arrangement of immunocytokines. Here, we performed structure investigations on clinical grade fusion proteins L19-IL2, IL12-L19L19 and L19L19-IL2 to elucidate their quaternary organization. Crystallographic characterization of the common L19 antibody fragment at a resolution of 2.0-Å was combined with low-resolution studies of the full-length chimeric molecules using small-angle synchrotron X-ray scattering (SAXS) and negative stain electron microscopy. Characterization of the full-length quaternary structures of the immunocytokines in solution by SAXS consistently supported the diabody structure in the L19-IL2 immunocytokine and allowed generation of low-resolution models of the chimeric proteins L19L19-IL2 and IL12-L19L19. Comparison with 3D reconstructions obtained from negative-stain electron microscopy revealed marked flexibility associated to the linker regions connecting the cytokine and the antibody components of the chimeric proteins. Collectively, our results indicate that low-resolution molecular structure characterizations provide useful complementary insights for the quality control of immunocytokines, constituting a powerful tool to guide the design and the subsequent optimization steps towards clinical enhancement of these chimeric protein reagents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziano Ongaro
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9/A, 27100 Pavia Italy; Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, 8112 Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore R Guarino
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9/A, 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Luigi Scietti
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9/A, 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Martina Palamini
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9/A, 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Sarah Wulhfard
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, 8112 Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | | | - Federico Forneris
- The Armenise-Harvard Laboratory of Structural Biology, Dept. Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9/A, 27100 Pavia Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dilshat R, Fock V, Kenny C, Gerritsen I, Lasseur RMJ, Travnickova J, Eichhoff OM, Cerny P, Möller K, Sigurbjörnsdóttir S, Kirty K, Einarsdottir BÓ, Cheng PF, Levesque M, Cornell RA, Patton EE, Larue L, de Tayrac M, Magnúsdóttir E, Ögmundsdóttir MH, Steingrimsson E. MITF reprograms the extracellular matrix and focal adhesion in melanoma. eLife 2021; 10:e63093. [PMID: 33438577 PMCID: PMC7857731 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is a critical regulator of melanocyte development and differentiation. It also plays an important role in melanoma where it has been described as a molecular rheostat that, depending on activity levels, allows reversible switching between different cellular states. Here, we show that MITF directly represses the expression of genes associated with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and focal adhesion pathways in human melanoma cells as well as of regulators of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) such as CDH2, thus affecting cell morphology and cell-matrix interactions. Importantly, we show that these effects of MITF are reversible, as expected from the rheostat model. The number of focal adhesion points increased upon MITF knockdown, a feature observed in drug-resistant melanomas. Cells lacking MITF are similar to the cells of minimal residual disease observed in both human and zebrafish melanomas. Our results suggest that MITF plays a critical role as a repressor of gene expression and is actively involved in shaping the microenvironment of melanoma cells in a cell-autonomous manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramile Dilshat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Valerie Fock
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Colin Kenny
- Department of Anatomy and Cell biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - Ilse Gerritsen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Romain Maurice Jacques Lasseur
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Jana Travnickova
- MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Ossia M Eichhoff
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Philipp Cerny
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Katrin Möller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Sara Sigurbjörnsdóttir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Kritika Kirty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Berglind Ósk Einarsdottir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Phil F Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Mitchell Levesque
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Robert A Cornell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell biology, Carver College of Medicine, University of IowaIowa CityUnited States
| | - E Elizabeth Patton
- MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, MRC Human Genetics Unit, University of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Lionel Larue
- Institut Curie, CNRS UMR3347, INSERM U1021, Centre UniversitaireOrsayFrance
| | - Marie de Tayrac
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire et Génomique, CHURennesFrance
- Univ Rennes1, CNRS, IGDR (Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes)RennesFrance
| | - Erna Magnúsdóttir
- Department of Anatomy, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Margrét Helga Ögmundsdóttir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| | - Eirikur Steingrimsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, BioMedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of IcelandReykjavikIceland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tenascin-C Function in Glioma: Immunomodulation and Beyond. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1272:149-172. [PMID: 32845507 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48457-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
First identified in the 1980s, tenascin-C (TNC) is a multi-domain extracellular matrix glycoprotein abundantly expressed during the development of multicellular organisms. TNC level is undetectable in most adult tissues but rapidly and transiently induced by a handful of pro-inflammatory cytokines in a variety of pathological conditions including infection, inflammation, fibrosis, and wound healing. Persistent TNC expression is associated with chronic inflammation and many malignancies, including glioma. By interacting with its receptor integrin and a myriad of other binding partners, TNC elicits context- and cell type-dependent function to regulate cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. TNC operates as an endogenous activator of toll-like receptor 4 and promotes inflammatory response by inducing the expression of multiple pro-inflammatory factors in innate immune cells such as microglia and macrophages. In addition, TNC drives macrophage differentiation and polarization predominantly towards an M1-like phenotype. In contrast, TNC shows immunosuppressive function in T cells. In glioma, TNC is expressed by tumor cells and stromal cells; high expression of TNC is correlated with tumor progression and poor prognosis. Besides promoting glioma invasion and angiogenesis, TNC has been found to affect the morphology and function of tumor-associated microglia/macrophages in glioma. Clinically, TNC can serve as a biomarker for tumor progression; and TNC antibodies have been utilized as an adjuvant agent to deliver anti-tumor drugs to target glioma. A better mechanistic understanding of how TNC impacts innate and adaptive immunity during tumorigenesis and tumor progression will open new therapeutic avenues to treat brain tumors and other malignancies.
Collapse
|
16
|
RNA binding proteins: Linking mechanotransduction and tumor metastasis. Cancer Lett 2020; 496:30-40. [PMID: 33007411 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is the leading cellular process that mammalian cells adopted to receive and respond to various mechanical cues from their local microenvironment. Increasing evidence suggests that mechano-transduction is involved in many physiological and disease conditions, ranging from early embryonic development, organogenesis, to a variety of human diseases including cancer. Mechanotransduction is mediated through several classes of senor proteins on the cell surface, intracellular signaling mediators, and core transcriptional regulation networks. Dissecting the molecular mechanisms regulating mechanotransduction and their association with cancer metastasis has received much attention in recent years. RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are a special group of nucleic acid interacting factors that participate in many important cellular processes. In this review, we would like to summarize recent research progresses in understanding the role of RBPs-mediated regulation in mechanotransduction and cancer metastasis. Those intriguing findings will provide novel insights for the disease and guide the potential development of new therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang J, Li R, Li M, Wang C. Fibronectin and colorectal cancer: signaling pathways and clinical implications. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2020; 41:313-320. [PMID: 32900261 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1817074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with poor prognosis mainly related to metastasis. Fibronectin (FN), a vital component of the extracellular matrix (ECM), has been found involved in tumorigenesis and malignant progression in different types of malignancy. Numerous studies have indicated the distinct expression of FN in various cancers and demonstrated the different functions of FN in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancers. Meanwhile, FN isoforms have been extensively used for targeted drug delivery and imaging for tumors. Although a growing number of studies on FN in CRC have been reported, integrated reviews on the relationship between FN and CRC are rare. In this review, we will summarize the association between FN and CRC, including the signaling pathways and molecules involved in, as well as potential diagnostic and therapeutic values of FN for patients with CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ruibing Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Mianyang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Chengbin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Matafora V, Farris F, Restuccia U, Tamburri S, Martano G, Bernardelli C, Sofia A, Pisati F, Casagrande F, Lazzari L, Marsoni S, Bonoldi E, Bachi A. Amyloid aggregates accumulate in melanoma metastasis modulating YAP activity. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e50446. [PMID: 32749065 PMCID: PMC7507035 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202050446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma progression is generally associated with increased transcriptional activity mediated by the Yes-associated protein (YAP). Mechanical signals from the extracellular matrix are sensed by YAP, which then activates the expression of proliferative genes, promoting melanoma progression and drug resistance. Which extracellular signals induce mechanotransduction, and how this is mediated, is not completely understood. Here, using secretome analyses, we reveal the extracellular accumulation of amyloidogenic proteins, i.e. premelanosome protein (PMEL), in metastatic melanoma, together with proteins that assist amyloid maturation into fibrils. We also confirm the accumulation of amyloid-like aggregates, similar to those detected in Alzheimer disease, in metastatic cell lines, as well as in human melanoma biopsies. Mechanistically, beta-secretase 2 (BACE2) regulates the maturation of these aggregates, which in turn induce YAP activity. We also demonstrate that recombinant PMEL fibrils are sufficient to induce mechanotransduction, triggering YAP signaling. Finally, we demonstrate that BACE inhibition affects cell proliferation and increases drug sensitivity, highlighting the importance of amyloids for melanoma survival, and the use of beta-secretase inhibitors as potential therapeutic approach for metastatic melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Umberto Restuccia
- IFOM‐ FIRC Institute of Molecular OncologyMilanItaly
- Present address:
ADIENNE Pharma & BiotechCaponagoItaly
| | - Simone Tamburri
- IFOM‐ FIRC Institute of Molecular OncologyMilanItaly
- Present address:
Department of Experimental OncologyIEO‐European Institute of Oncology IRCCSMilanItaly
| | | | - Clara Bernardelli
- IFOM‐ FIRC Institute of Molecular OncologyMilanItaly
- Present address:
Fondazione Politecnico di MilanoMilanItaly
| | - Andrea Sofia
- IFOM‐ FIRC Institute of Molecular OncologyMilanItaly
- University of InsubriaVareseItaly
| | - Federica Pisati
- IFOM‐ FIRC Institute of Molecular OncologyMilanItaly
- Cogentech SRL Benefit CorporationMilanItaly
| | | | - Luca Lazzari
- IFOM‐ FIRC Institute of Molecular OncologyMilanItaly
| | | | - Emanuela Bonoldi
- Department of Laboratory MedicineDivision of PathologyGrande Ospedale Metropolitano NiguardaMilanItaly
| | - Angela Bachi
- IFOM‐ FIRC Institute of Molecular OncologyMilanItaly
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Momin N, Mehta NK, Bennett NR, Ma L, Palmeri JR, Chinn MM, Lutz EA, Kang B, Irvine DJ, Spranger S, Wittrup KD. Anchoring of intratumorally administered cytokines to collagen safely potentiates systemic cancer immunotherapy. Sci Transl Med 2020; 11:11/498/eaaw2614. [PMID: 31243150 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaw2614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The clinical application of cytokine therapies for cancer treatment remains limited due to severe adverse reactions and insufficient therapeutic effects. Although cytokine localization by intratumoral administration could address both issues, the rapid escape of soluble cytokines from the tumor invariably subverts this effort. We find that intratumoral administration of a cytokine fused to the collagen-binding protein lumican prolongs local retention and markedly reduces systemic exposure. Combining local administration of lumican-cytokine fusions with systemic immunotherapies (tumor-targeting antibody, checkpoint blockade, cancer vaccine, or T cell therapy) improves efficacy without exacerbating toxicity in syngeneic tumor models and the BrafV600E /Ptenfl/fl genetically engineered melanoma model. Curative abscopal effects on noncytokine-injected tumors were also observed as a result of a protective and systemic CD8+ T cell response primed by local therapy. Cytokine collagen-anchoring constitutes a facile, tumor-agnostic strategy to safely potentiate otherwise marginally effective systemic immunotherapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noor Momin
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Naveen K Mehta
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Nitasha R Bennett
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Leyuan Ma
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Joseph R Palmeri
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Magnolia M Chinn
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Emi A Lutz
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Byong Kang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Darrell J Irvine
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.,Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Stefani Spranger
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - K Dane Wittrup
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. .,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Izzi V, Davis MN, Naba A. Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Genomic Alterations and Mutations of the Matrisome. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2046. [PMID: 32722287 PMCID: PMC7463652 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a master regulator of all cellular functions and a major component of the tumor microenvironment. We previously defined the "matrisome" as the ensemble of genes encoding ECM proteins and proteins modulating ECM structure or function. While compositional and biomechanical changes in the ECM regulate cancer progression, no study has investigated the genomic alterations of matrisome genes in cancers and their consequences. Here, mining The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, we found that copy number alterations and mutations are frequent in matrisome genes, even more so than in the rest of the genome. We also found that these alterations are predicted to significantly impact gene expression and protein function. Moreover, we identified matrisome genes whose mutational burden is an independent predictor of survival. We propose that studying genomic alterations of matrisome genes will further our understanding of the roles of this compartment in cancer progression and will lead to the development of innovative therapeutic strategies targeting the ECM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Izzi
- Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland;
- Finnish Cancer Institute, 00130 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Martin N. Davis
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Alexandra Naba
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
- University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Comparative evaluation of bolus and fractionated administration modalities for two antibody-cytokine fusions in immunocompetent tumor-bearing mice. J Control Release 2020; 317:282-290. [PMID: 31790729 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-cytokine fusion proteins are being considered as biopharmaceuticals for cancer immunotherapy. Tumor-homing cytokine fusions typically display an improved therapeutic activity compared to the corresponding unmodified cytokine products, but toxicity profiles at equivalent doses are similar, since side effects are mainly driven by the cytokine concentration in blood. In order to explore avenues to harness the therapeutic potential of antibody-cytokine fusions while decreasing potential toxicity, we compared bolus and fractionated administration modalities for two tumor-targeting antibody-cytokine fusion proteins based on human interleukin-2 (IL2) and murine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (i.e., L19-hIL2 and L19-mTNF) in two murine immunocompetent mouse models of cancer (F9 and C51). A comparative quantitative biodistribution analysis with radio-labeled protein preparations revealed that a fractionated administration of L19-hIL2 could deliver comparable product doses to the tumor with decreased product concentration in blood and normal organs, compared to bolus injection. By contrast, L19-mTNF (a product that causes a selective vascular shutdown in the tumor) accumulated most efficiently after bolus injection. Fractionated schedules allowed the safe administration of a cumulative dose of L19-mTNF, which was 2.5-times higher than the lethal dose for bolus injection. Dose fractionation led to a prolonged tumor growth inhibition for F9 teratocarcinomas, but not for C51 colorectal tumors, which responded best to bolus injection. Thus, dose fractionation may have different outcomes for the same antibody-cytokine product in different biological contexts.
Collapse
|
22
|
Miura JT, Zager JS. Neo-DREAM study investigating Daromun for the treatment of clinical stage IIIB/C melanoma. Future Oncol 2019; 15:3665-3674. [PMID: 31538818 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk resectable melanoma poses therapeutic challenges as this subgroup remains most vulnerable for disease recurrence. Immunotherapy has established its efficacy in cases of advanced melanoma, and now is actively being investigated in the multimodal management of resectable disease. Daromun, an intralesional immunocytokine, has emerged as a unique immunotherapy in its ability to preferentially target tumor cells, resulting in direct destruction, while generating a bystander effect that leads to a distant treatment effect. On the basis of its mechanism of action, there is growing interest in delivering immune-based therapies in a neoadjuvant setting. In this review, the neo-DREAM study, a Phase III trial comparing the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant Daromun for resectable stage IIIB/C melanoma will be described. Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT03567889.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John T Miura
- Departments of Cutaneous Oncology & Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa FL, USA
| | - Jonathan S Zager
- Departments of Cutaneous Oncology & Sarcoma, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of South Florida School of Medicine, Tampa FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Weide B, Eigentler T, Catania C, Ascierto PA, Cascinu S, Becker JC, Hauschild A, Romanini A, Danielli R, Dummer R, Trefzer U, Elia G, Neri D, Garbe C. A phase II study of the L19IL2 immunocytokine in combination with dacarbazine in advanced metastatic melanoma patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:1547-1559. [PMID: 31482307 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02383-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Engineered cytokine products represent promising agents for the treatment of immunogenic tumors, such as malignant melanoma, in addition to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Here we describe the results of a controlled, randomized phase II clinical trial, aimed at assessing the therapeutic potential of L19IL2, a fully human fusion protein consisting of the L19 antibody specific to the alternatively spliced extra-domain B of fibronectin, fused to human interleukin-2 in advanced metastatic melanoma. In one arm, patients received dacarbazine (DTIC; 1000 mg/m2 of body surface on day 1 of 21-day cycles) as single agent, while in two other arms L19IL2 (22.5 million international units of IL2 equivalents) was added, based on two different schedules of administration. In total, 69 patients with stage IV melanoma were enrolled (24 in the dacarbazine arm, 23 and 22 in the other combination arms, respectively) and 67 received treatment. Analyses of efficacy results show a statistically significant benefit in terms of overall response rate and median progression-free survival for patients receiving L19IL2 in combination with DTIC, compared to DTIC as single agent. In light of these results, further clinical investigations with L19IL2 (alone or in combination with other agents) are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Weide
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Eigentler
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Chiara Catania
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Cascinu
- Ospedali Riuniti Ancona, Ancona, Italy
- Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Jürgen C Becker
- Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK) Partner Site Essen, Essen, Germany
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Axel Hauschild
- University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein (UKSK), Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | - Reinhard Dummer
- University Hospital Zurich and University Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Trefzer
- Charité, Berlin, Germany
- Dermatologikum Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Giuliano Elia
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, 8112, Otelfingen, Switzerland.
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, ETH Zurich, Building HCI G396.4, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Claus Garbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Tübingen, Germany.
- Sektion Dermatologische Onkologie, Universität Tübingen Hautklinik, Liebermeisterstraße 25, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yu B, Hwang D, Jeon H, Kim H, Lee Y, Keum H, Kim J, Lee DY, Kim Y, Chung J, Jon S. A Hybrid Platform Based on a Bispecific Peptide-Antibody Complex for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201811509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Byeongjun Yu
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dobeen Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Seoul National University College of Medicine; 103 Daehak-ro Seoul 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsu Jeon
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Lee
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongseop Keum
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering; KAIST; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Seoul National University College of Medicine; 103 Daehak-ro Seoul 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering; KAIST; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine; KAIST; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ongaro T, Matasci M, Cazzamalli S, Gouyou B, De Luca R, Neri D, Villa A. A novel anti-cancer L19-interleukin-12 fusion protein with an optimized peptide linker efficiently localizes in vivo at the site of tumors. J Biotechnol 2019; 291:17-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
26
|
Han Z, Sergeeva O, Roelle S, Cheng H, Gao S, Li Y, Lee Z, Lu ZR. Preparation and Evaluation of ZD2 Peptide 64Cu-DOTA Conjugate as a Positron Emission Tomography Probe for Detection and Characterization of Prostate Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:1185-1190. [PMID: 30729224 PMCID: PMC6356864 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a sensitive modality for cancer molecular imaging. We aim to develop a PET probe for sensitive detection and risk stratification of prostate cancer by targeting an abundant microenvironment oncoprotein, extradomain-B fibronectin (EDB-FN). The probe consists of a small ZD2 peptide specific to EDB-FN and a 64Cu-DOTA chelate. The probe was synthesized using standard solid-phase peptide chemistry and chelated to 64Cu prior to imaging. PET images were acquired at 4 and 22 h after intravenously injecting a 200 μCi probe into mice bearing human PC3 and LNCaP tumors, which represent highly aggressive and slow-growing prostate tumors, respectively. At 4 and 22 h postinjection, tumors could be clearly identified in the PET images. A significant higher signal was observed in PC3 tumors than in LNCaP tumors at 22 h (p = 0.01). Probe accumulation was also higher in PC3 tumors at 24 h. These data demonstrated that PET molecular imaging of EDB-FN in the tumor microenvironment of prostate cancer allows efficient differentiation of PC3 and LNCaP tumors in vivo. The ZD2 peptide-targeted PET probe shows potential in the detection and characterization of high-risk prostate cancer to improve the clinical management of prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Han
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Olga Sergeeva
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Sarah Roelle
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Han Cheng
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Songqi Gao
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Yajuan Li
- Molecular
Theranostics, Cleveland, Ohio 44115, United
States
| | - Zhenghong Lee
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Zheng-Rong Lu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yu B, Hwang D, Jeon H, Kim H, Lee Y, Keum H, Kim J, Lee DY, Kim Y, Chung J, Jon S. A Hybrid Platform Based on a Bispecific Peptide-Antibody Complex for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2005-2010. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201811509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Byeongjun Yu
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dobeen Hwang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Seoul National University College of Medicine; 103 Daehak-ro Seoul 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungsu Jeon
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjun Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghyun Lee
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongseop Keum
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering; KAIST; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kim
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; Seoul National University College of Medicine; 103 Daehak-ro Seoul 03080 Republic of Korea
| | - Sangyong Jon
- KAIST Institute for the BioCentury; Department of Biological Sciences; Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST); 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering; KAIST; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
- Center for Precision Bio-Nanomedicine; KAIST; 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is defined as the dissemination of malignant cells from the primary tumor site, leading to colonization of distant organs and the establishment of a secondary tumor. Metastasis is frequently associated with chemoresistance and is the major cause of cancer-related mortality. Metastatic cells need to acquire the ability to resist to stresses provided by different environments, such as reactive oxygen species, shear stress, hemodynamic forces, stromal composition, and immune responses, to colonize other tissues. Hence, only a small population of cells has a metastasis-initiating potential. Several studies have revealed the misregulation of transcriptional variants during cancer progression, and many splice events can be used to distinguish between normal and tumoral tissue. These variants, which are abnormally expressed in malignant cells, contribute to an adaptive response of tumor cells and the success of the metastatic cascade, promoting an anomalous cell cycle, cellular adhesion, resistance to death, cell survival, migration and invasion. Understanding the different aspects of splicing regulation and the influence of transcriptional variants that control metastatic cells is critical for the development of therapeutic strategies. In this review, we describe how transcriptional variants contribute to metastatic competence and discuss how targeting specific isoforms may be a promising therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joice De Faria Poloni
- a Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Diego Bonatto
- a Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Socovich AM, Naba A. The cancer matrisome: From comprehensive characterization to biomarker discovery. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 89:157-166. [PMID: 29964200 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tumor progression and dissemination critically depend on support from the tumor microenvironment, the ensemble of cellular and acellular components surrounding and interacting with tumor cells. The extracellular matrix (ECM), the complex scaffolding of hundreds of proteins organizing cells in tissues, is a major component of the tumor microenvironment. It orchestrates cellular processes including proliferation, migration, and invasion, that are highly dysregulated during cancer progression. Alterations in ECM abundance, integrity, and mechanical properties have been correlated with poorer prognosis for cancer patients. Yet the ECM proteome, or "matrisome," of tumors remained until recently largely unexplored. This review will present the recent developments in computational and proteomic technologies that have allowed the comprehensive characterization of the ECM of different tumor types and microenvironmental niches. These approaches have resulted in the definition of protein signatures distinguishing tumors from normal tissues, tumors of different stages, primary from secondary tumors, and tumors from other diseased states such as fibrosis. Moreover, recent studies have demonstrated that the levels of expression of certain genes encoding ECM and ECM-associated proteins is prognostic of cancer patient survival and can thus serve as biomarkers. Last, proteomic studies have permitted the identification of novel ECM proteins playing functional roles in cancer progression. Such proteins have the potential to be exploited as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Socovich
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexandra Naba
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; University of Illinois Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
De Luca R, Neri D. Potentiation of PD-L1 blockade with a potency-matched dual cytokine-antibody fusion protein leads to cancer eradication in BALB/c-derived tumors but not in other mouse strains. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2018; 67:1381-1391. [PMID: 29971465 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-018-2194-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We have recently described a novel therapeutic antibody product (IL2-F8-TNFmut), featuring the simultaneous fusion of murine IL2 and of a TNF mutant with scFv(F8), an antibody specific to the alternatively-spliced extra domain A of fibronectin (EDA). Here, we report on the in vivo characterization of the anti-cancer activity of IL2-F8-TNFmut in four immunocompetent murine models of cancer, CT26, WEHI-164, F9 teratocarcinoma and Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC), using the product alone or in combination with a monoclonal antibody specific to murine PD-L1. All four models exhibited a strong expression of EDA-fibronectin, which was confined to vascular structures for F9 tumors, while the other three malignancies exhibited a more stromal pattern of staining. A complete and long-lasting tumor eradication of CT26 and WEHI-164 tumors was observed in BALB/c mice when IL2-F8-TNFmut was used in combination with PD-L1 blockade. The combination treatment led to improved tumor growth inhibition in 129/SvEv mice bearing murine teratocarcinoma or in C57BL/6 mice bearing murine LLC, but those cancer cures were difficult to achieve in those models. A microscopic analysis of tumor sections, obtained 24 h after pharmacological treatment, revealed that the PD-L1 antibody had homogenously reached tumor cells in vivo and that the combination of PD-L1 blockade with IL2-F8-TNFmut stimulated an influx of NK cells and of T cells into the neoplastic mass. These data indicate that potency-matched dual-cytokine fusion proteins may be ideally suited to potentiate the therapeutic activity of immune check-point inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto De Luca
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Miskolczi Z, Smith MP, Rowling EJ, Ferguson J, Barriuso J, Wellbrock C. Collagen abundance controls melanoma phenotypes through lineage-specific microenvironment sensing. Oncogene 2018; 37:3166-3182. [PMID: 29545604 PMCID: PMC5992128 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite the general focus on an invasive and de-differentiated phenotype as main driver of cancer metastasis, in melanoma patients many metastatic lesions display a high degree of pigmentation, indicative for a differentiated phenotype. Indeed, studies in mice and fish show that melanoma cells switch to a differentiated phenotype at secondary sites, possibly because in melanoma differentiation is closely linked to proliferation through the lineage-specific transcriptional master regulator MITF. Importantly, while a lot of effort has gone into identifying factors that induce the de-differentiated/invasive phenotype, it is not well understood how the switch to the differentiated/proliferative phenotype is controlled. We identify collagen as a contributor to this switch. We demonstrate that collagen stiffness induces melanoma differentiation through a YAP/PAX3/MITF axis and show that in melanoma patients increased collagen abundance correlates with nuclear YAP localization. However, the interrogation of large patient datasets revealed that in the context of the tumour microenvironment, YAP function is more complex. In the absence of fibroblasts, YAP/PAX3-mediated transcription prevails, but in the presence of fibroblasts tumour growth factor-β suppresses YAP/PAX3-mediated MITF expression and induces YAP/TEAD/SMAD-driven transcription and a de-differentiated phenotype. Intriguingly, while high collagen expression is correlated with poorer patient survival, the worst prognosis is seen in patients with high collagen expression, who also express MITF target genes such as the differentiation markers TRPM1, TYR and TYRP1, as well as CDK4. In summary, we reveal a distinct lineage-specific route of YAP signalling that contributes to the regulation of melanoma pigmentation and uncovers a set of potential biomarkers predictive for poor survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zsofia Miskolczi
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Michael P Smith
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Emily J Rowling
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jennifer Ferguson
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Jorge Barriuso
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Claudia Wellbrock
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dal Corso A, Cazzamalli S, Gébleux R, Mattarella M, Neri D. Protease-Cleavable Linkers Modulate the Anticancer Activity of Noninternalizing Antibody-Drug Conjugates. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:1826-1833. [PMID: 28662334 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.7b00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent an attractive class of biopharmaceutical agents, with the potential to selectively deliver potent cytotoxic agents to tumors. It is generally assumed that ADC products should preferably bind and internalize into cancer cells in order to liberate their toxic payload, but a growing body of evidence indicates that also ADCs based on noninternalizing antibodies may be potently active. In this Communication, we investigated dipeptide-based linkers (frequently used for internalizing ADC products) in the context of the noninternalizing F16 antibody, specific to a splice isoform of tenascin-C. Using monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) as potent cytotoxic drug, we observed that a single amino acid substitution of the Val-Cit dipeptide linker can substantially modulate the in vivo stability of the corresponding ADC products, as well as the anticancer activity in mice bearing the human epidermoid A431 carcinoma. In these settings, the linker based on the Val-Ala dipeptide exhibited better performances, compared to Val-Cit, Val-Lys, and Val-Arg analogues. Mass spectrometric analysis revealed that the four linkers displayed not only different stability in vivo but also differences in cleavage sites. Moreover, the absence of anticancer activity for a F16-MMAE conjugate featuring a noncleavable linker indicated that drug release modalities, based on proteolytic degradation of the immunoglobulin moiety, cannot be exploited with noninternalizing antibodies. ADC products based on the noninternalizing F16 antibody may be useful for the treatment of several human malignancies, as the cognate antigen is abundantly expressed in the extracellular matrix of several tumors, while being virtually undetectable in most normal adult tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dal Corso
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Samuele Cazzamalli
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rémy Gébleux
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich) , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 4, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Ronca R, Benkheil M, Mitola S, Struyf S, Liekens S. Tumor angiogenesis revisited: Regulators and clinical implications. Med Res Rev 2017. [PMID: 28643862 DOI: 10.1002/med.21452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since Judah Folkman hypothesized in 1971 that angiogenesis is required for solid tumor growth, numerous studies have been conducted to unravel the angiogenesis process, analyze its role in primary tumor growth, metastasis and angiogenic diseases, and to develop inhibitors of proangiogenic factors. These studies have led in 2004 to the approval of the first antiangiogenic agent (bevacizumab, a humanized antibody targeting vascular endothelial growth factor) for the treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. This approval launched great expectations for the use of antiangiogenic therapy for malignant diseases. However, these expectations have not been met and, as knowledge of blood vessel formation accumulates, many of the original paradigms no longer hold. Therefore, the regulators and clinical implications of angiogenesis need to be revisited. In this review, we discuss recently identified angiogenesis mediators and pathways, new concepts that have emerged over the past 10 years, tumor resistance and toxicity associated with the use of currently available antiangiogenic treatment and potentially new targets and/or approaches for malignant and nonmalignant neovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Ronca
- Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mohammed Benkheil
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Experimental Oncology and Immunology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sofie Struyf
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandra Liekens
- Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Fibronectin-targeted drug delivery in cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 97:101-10. [PMID: 26639577 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 11/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Fibronectin is an extracellular matrix protein with pivotal physiological and pathological functions in development and adulthood. Alternative splicing of the precursor mRNA, produced from the single copy fibronectin gene, occurs at three sites coding for the EDA, EDB and IIICS domains. Fibronectin isoforms comprising the EDA or EDB domains are known as oncofetal forms due to their developmental importance and their re-expression in tumors, contrasting with restricted presence in normal adult tissues. These isoforms are also recognized as important markers of angiogenesis, a crucial physiological process in development and required by tumor cells in cancer progression. Attributed to this feature, EDA and EDB domains have been extensively used for the targeted delivery of cytokines, cytotoxic agents, chemotherapy drugs and radioisotopes to fibronectin-expressing tumors to exert therapeutic effects on primary cancers and metastatic lesions. In addition to drug delivery, the EDA and EDB domains of fibronectin have also been utilized to develop imaging strategies for tumor tissues. Furthermore, EDA and EDB based vaccines seem to be promising for the treatment and prevention of certain cancer types. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in fibronectin EDA and EDB-based therapeutic strategies developed to treat cancer.
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
Tenascin-C is a large, multimodular, extracellular matrix glycoprotein that exhibits a very restricted pattern of expression but an enormously diverse range of functions. Here, we discuss the importance of deciphering the expression pattern of, and effects mediated by, different forms of this molecule in order to fully understand tenascin-C biology. We focus on both post transcriptional and post translational events such as splicing, glycosylation, assembly into a 3D matrix and proteolytic cleavage, highlighting how these modifications are key to defining tenascin-C function.
Collapse
Key Words
- AD1/AD2, additional domain 1/ additional domain 2
- ADAMTS, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs
- ASMCs, aortic smooth muscle cells
- BDNF, brain derived neurotrophic factor
- BHKs, baby hamster kidney cells
- BMP, bone morphogenetic protein
- CA19–9, carbohydrate antigen 19–9
- CALEB, chicken acidic leucine-rich EGF-like domain containing brain protein
- CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen
- CNS, central nervous system
- CRC, colorectal carcinomas
- CTGF, connective tissue growth factor
- DCIS, ductal carcinoma in-situ
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- EDA-FN, extra domain A containing fibronectin
- EDB-FN, extra domain B containing fibronectin
- EGF-L, epidermal growth factor-like
- EGF-R, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ELISPOT, enzyme-linked immunospot assay
- FBG, fibrinogen-like globe
- FGF2, fibroblast growth factor 2
- FGF4, fibroblast growth factor 4
- FN, fibronectin
- FNIII, fibronectin type III-like repeat
- GMEM, glioma-mesenchymal extracellular matrix antigen
- GPI, glycosylphosphatidylinositol
- HB-EGF, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor
- HCEs, immortalized human corneal epithelial cell line
- HGF, hepatocyte growth factor
- HNK-1, human natural killer-1
- HSPGs, heparan sulfate proteoglycans
- HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells
- ICC, immunocytochemistry
- IF, immunofluorescence
- IFNγ, interferon gamma
- IGF, insulin-like growth factor
- IGF-BP, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein
- IHC, immunohistochemistry
- IL, interleukin
- ISH, in situ hybridization
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- MMP, matrix metalloproteinase
- MPNSTs, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors
- Mr, molecular mass
- NB, northern blot
- NF-kB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
- NK, natural killer cells
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung carcinoma
- NSCs, neural stem cells
- NT, neurotrophin
- PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- PDGF, platelet derived growth factor
- PDGF-Rβ, platelet derived growth factor receptor β
- PIGF, phosphatidylinositol-glycan biosynthesis class F protein
- PLCγ, phospholipase-C gamma
- PNS, peripheral nervous system
- PTPRζ1, receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta
- RA, rheumatoid arthritis
- RCC, renal cell carcinoma
- RD, rhabdomyosarcoma
- RGD, arginylglycylaspartic acid
- RT-PCR, real-time polymerase chain reaction
- SB, Southern blot
- SCC, squamous cell carcinoma
- SMCs, smooth muscle cells
- SVZ, sub-ventricular zone
- TA, tenascin assembly domain
- TGFβ, transforming growth factor β
- TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
- TLR4, toll-like receptor 4
- TNFα, tumor necrosis factor α
- TSS, transcription start site
- UBC, urothelial bladder cancer
- UCC, urothelial cell carcinoma
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- VSMCs, vascular smooth muscle cells
- VZ, ventricular zone
- WB, immunoblot/ western blot
- bFGF, basic fibroblast growth factor
- biosynthesis
- c, charged
- cancer
- ccRCC, clear cell renal cell carcinoma
- chRCC, chromophobe-primary renal cell carcinoma
- development
- glycosylation
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- matrix assembly
- mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK
- pHo, extracellular pH
- pRCC, papillary renal cell carcinoma
- proteolytic cleavage
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
- splicing
- tenascin-C
- therapeutics
- transcription
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Giblin
- a Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics; Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences ; Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology; University of Oxford ; Oxford , UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
The extracellular matrix protein tenascin C (TNC) is a large glycoprotein expressed in connective tissues and stem cell niches. TNC over-expression is repeatedly observed in cancer, often at the invasive tumor front, and is associated with poor clinical outcome in several malignancies. The link between TNC expression and poor survival in cancer patients suggests a role for TNC in metastatic progression, which is responsible for the majority of cancer related deaths. Indeed, functional studies using mouse models are revealing new roles of TNC in cancer progression and underscore its important contribution to the development of metastasis. TNC has a pleiotropic role in advancing metastasis by promoting migratory and invasive cell behavior, angiogenesis and cancer cell viability under stress. TNC is an essential component of the metastatic niche and modulates stem cell signaling within the niche. This may be crucial for the fitness of disseminated cancer cells confronted with a foreign environment in secondary organs, that can exert a strong selective pressure on invading cells. TNC is a compelling example of how an extracellular matrix protein can provide a molecular context that is imperative to cancer cell fitness in metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille M Lowy
- a Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH) ; Heidelberg , Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Spenlé C, Saupe F, Midwood K, Burckel H, Noel G, Orend G. Tenascin-C: Exploitation and collateral damage in cancer management. Cell Adh Migr 2015; 9:141-53. [PMID: 25569113 PMCID: PMC4422814 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2014.1000074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite an increasing knowledge about the causes of cancer, this disease is difficult to cure and still causes far too high a death rate. Based on advances in our understanding of disease pathogenesis, novel treatment concepts, including targeting the tumor microenvironment, have been developed and are being combined with established treatment regimens such as surgical removal and radiotherapy. Yet it is obvious that we need additional strategies to prevent tumor relapse and metastasis. Given its exceptional high expression in most cancers with low abundance in normal tissues, tenascin-C appears an ideal candidate for tumor treatment. Here, we will summarize the current applications of targeting tenascin-C as a treatment for different tumors, and highlight the potential of this therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Spenlé
- a Inserm U1109, MN3T; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France; LabEx Medalis; Université de Strasbourg; Strasbourg, France. Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS) ; Strasbourg , France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hess C, Neri D. The antibody-mediated targeted delivery of interleukin-13 to syngeneic murine tumors mediates a potent anticancer activity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:635-44. [PMID: 25722088 PMCID: PMC11029586 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1666-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We describe the expression and in vivo characterization of an antibody-cytokine fusion protein, based on murine Interleukin-13 (IL13) and the monoclonal antibody F8, specific to the alternatively spliced extra domain A of fibronectin, a marker of neo-angiogenesis. The IL13 moiety was fused at the C-terminal extremity of the F8 antibody in diabody format. The resulting F8-IL13 immunocytokine retained the full binding properties of the parental antibody and cytokine bioactivity. The fusion protein could be expressed in mammalian cells, purified to homogeneity and showed a preferential accumulation at the tumor site. When used as single agent at doses of 200 μg, F8-IL13 exhibited a strong inhibition of tumor growth rate in two models of cancer (F9 teratocarcinoma and Wehi-164), promoting an infiltration of various types of leukocytes into the neoplastic mass. This anticancer activity could be potentiated by combination with an immunocytokine based on the F8 antibody and murine IL12, leading to complete and long-lasting tumor eradications. Mice cured from Wehi-164 sarcomas acquired a durable protective antitumor immunity, and selective depletion of immune cells revealed that the antitumor activity was mainly mediated by cluster of differentiation 4-positive T cells. This study indicates that IL13 can be efficiently delivered to the tumor neo-vasculature and that it mediates a potent anticancer activity in the two models of cancer investigated in this study. The observed mechanism of action for F8-IL13 was surprising, since immunocytokines based on other payloads (e.g., IL2, IL4, IL12 and TNF) eradicate cancer by the combined contribution of natural killer cells and cluster of differentiation 8-positive T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hess
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zürich), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Pretto F, Elia G, Castioni N, Neri D. Preclinical evaluation of IL2-based immunocytokines supports their use in combination with dacarbazine, paclitaxel and TNF-based immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2014; 63:901-10. [PMID: 24893857 PMCID: PMC11029048 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1562-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-cytokine fusion proteins ("immunocytokines") represent a promising class of armed antibody products, which allow the selective delivery of potent pro-inflammatory payloads at the tumor site. The antibody-based selective delivery of interleukin-2 (IL2) is particularly attractive for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, an indication for which this cytokine received marketing approval from the US Food and drug administration. We used the K1735M2 immunocompetent syngeneic model of murine melanoma to study the therapeutic activity of F8-IL2, an immunocytokine based on the F8 antibody in diabody format, fused to human IL2. F8-IL2 was shown to selectively localize at the tumor site in vivo, following intravenous administration, and to mediate tumor growth retardation, which was potentiated by the combination with paclitaxel or dacarbazine. Combination treatment led to a substantially more effective tumor growth inhibition, compared to the cytotoxic drugs used as single agents, without additional toxicity. Analysis of the immune infiltrate revealed a significant accumulation of CD4(+) T cells 24 h after the administration of the combination. The fusion proteins F8-IL2 and L19-IL2, specific to the alternatively spliced extra domain A and extra domain B of fibronectin respectively, were also studied in combination with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-based immunocytokines. The combination treatment was superior to the action of the individual immunocytokines and was able to eradicate neoplastic lesions after a single intratumoral injection, a procedure that is being clinically used for the treatment of Stage IIIC melanoma. Collectively, these data reinforce the rationale for the use of IL2-based immunocytokines in combination with cytotoxic agents or TNF-based immunotherapy for the treatment of melanoma patients.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Dacarbazine/administration & dosage
- Drug Synergism
- Female
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Interleukin-2/administration & dosage
- Interleukin-2/immunology
- Interleukin-2/pharmacokinetics
- Interleukin-2/pharmacology
- Melanoma, Experimental/drug therapy
- Melanoma, Experimental/immunology
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C3H
- Paclitaxel/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/administration & dosage
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/pharmacology
- Tissue Distribution
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/pharmacology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Giuliano Elia
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, 8112 Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Castioni
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, ETH Hoenggerberg, HCI G392.4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10, ETH Hoenggerberg, HCI G392.4, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hess C, Neri D. Tumor-targeting properties of novel immunocytokines based on murine IL1β and IL6. Protein Eng Des Sel 2014; 27:207-13. [PMID: 24795343 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzu013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing biotechnological interest in 'arming' therapeutic antibodies with bioactive payloads. Many antibody-cytokine fusion proteins (immunocytokines) have been described and some of these biopharmaceuticals have progressed to clinical studies. Here, we describe for the first time the expression and in vivo characterization of immunocytokines based on murine IL1β and IL6. These potent pro-inflammatory cytokines were fused at the N-terminus or at the C-terminus of the monoclonal antibodies F8 (specific to the alternatively-spliced extra-domain A domain of fibronectin, a marker of tumor angiogenesis). All immunocytokines retained the binding properties of the parental antibody and were homogenous, when analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and size-exclusion chromatography, except for the N-terminal fusion of IL1β which revealed the presence of glycosylated species. When analyzed by quantitative biodistribution analysis using radioiodinated protein preparations, F8 fusions with IL6 revealed a preferential accumulation at the tumor site for both cytokine orientations, whereas IL1β fusions exhibited lower tumor to organ ratios and a slower blood clearance profile. The fusion proteins with the cytokine payload at the C-terminus were studied in therapy experiments in immunocompetent mice bearing F9 tumors. Immunocytokines based on IL1β resulted in 10% body weight loss at a 5-µg dose, whereas IL6-based products caused a 5% body weight loss at a 225-µg dose. Both F8-IL1β and F8-IL6 exhibited a <50% inhibition of tumor growth rate, which was substantially lower than the one previously reported for F8-TNF, a closely related pro-inflammatory immunocytokine. This study indicates that IL6 can be efficiently delivered to the tumor neo-vasculature by fusion with the F8 antibody. While F8-IL6 was not as potent as other F8-based immunocytokines that exhibit similar biodistribution profiles, the fusion protein sheds light on the different roles of pro-inflammatory cytokines in boosting immunity against the tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Hess
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zürich), Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zürich), Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gutbrodt KL, Schliemann C, Giovannoni L, Frey K, Pabst T, Klapper W, Berdel WE, Neri D. Antibody-based delivery of interleukin-2 to neovasculature has potent activity against acute myeloid leukemia. Sci Transl Med 2014; 5:201ra118. [PMID: 24005158 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3006221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a rapidly progressing disease that is accompanied by a strong increase in microvessel density in the bone marrow. This observation prompted us to stain biopsies of AML and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL) patients with the clinical-stage human monoclonal antibodies F8, L19, and F16 directed against markers of tumor angiogenesis. The analysis revealed that the F8 and F16 antibodies strongly stained 70% of AML and 75% of ALL bone marrow specimens, whereas chloroma biopsies were stained with all three antibodies. Therapy experiments performed in immunocompromised mice bearing human NB4 leukemia with the immunocytokine F8-IL2 [consisting of the F8 antibody fused to human interleukin-2 (IL-2)] mediated a strong inhibition of AML progression. This effect was potentiated by the addition of cytarabine, promoting complete responses in 40% of treated animals. Experiments performed in immunocompetent mice bearing C1498 murine leukemia revealed long-lasting complete tumor eradication in all treated mice. The therapeutic effect of F8-IL2 was mediated by both natural killer cells and CD8(+) T cells, whereas CD4(+) T cells appeared to be dispensable, as determined in immunodepletion experiments. The treatment of an AML patient with disseminated extramedullary AML manifestations with F16-IL2 (consisting of the F16 antibody fused to human IL-2, currently being tested in phase 2 clinical trials in patients with solid tumors) and low-dose cytarabine showed significant reduction of AML lesions and underlines the translational potential of vascular tumor-targeting antibody-cytokine fusions for the treatment of patients with leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrin L Gutbrodt
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
A comprehensive surface proteome analysis of myeloid leukemia cell lines for therapeutic antibody development. J Proteomics 2014; 99:138-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2014.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
43
|
Jensen MA, Wilkinson JE, Krainer AR. Splicing factor SRSF6 promotes hyperplasia of sensitized skin. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2014; 21:189-97. [PMID: 24440982 PMCID: PMC4118672 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many biological processes involve gene-expression regulation by alternative splicing. Here, we identify the splicing factor SRSF6 as a regulator of wound healing and tissue homeostasis in skin. We show that SRSF6 is a proto-oncogene that is frequently overexpressed in human skin cancer. Overexpressing it in transgenic mice induces hyperplasia of sensitized skin and promotes aberrant alternative splicing. We identify 139 target genes of SRSF6 in skin, and show that this SR protein binds to alternative exons of the extracellular-matrix protein tenascin C pre-mRNA, promoting the expression of isoforms characteristic of invasive and metastatic cancer in a cell-type-independent manner. SRSF6 overexpression additionally results in depletion of Lgr6+ stem cells, and excessive keratinocyte proliferation and response to injury. Furthermore, the effects of SRSF6 in wound healing assayed in vitro depend on the TNC isoforms. Thus, abnormal SR-protein expression can perturb tissue homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mads A Jensen
- 1] Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA. [2]
| | - John E Wilkinson
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Adrian R Krainer
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hemmerle T, Probst P, Giovannoni L, Green AJ, Meyer T, Neri D. The antibody-based targeted delivery of TNF in combination with doxorubicin eradicates sarcomas in mice and confers protective immunity. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:1206-13. [PMID: 23887603 PMCID: PMC3778281 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Soft-tissue sarcomas are a group of malignancies of mesenchymal origin, which typically have a dismal prognosis if they reach the metastatic stage. The observation of rare spontaneous remissions in patients suffering from concomitant bacterial infections had triggered the clinical investigation of the use of heat-killed bacteria as therapeutic agents (Coley's toxin), which induced complete responses in patients in the pre-chemotherapy era and is now known to mediate substantial elevations in serum TNF levels. Methods: We designed and developed a novel immunocytokine based on murine TNF sequentially fused to the antibody fragment F8 (specific to extra-domain A of fibronectin). The antitumor activity was studied in two syngeneic murine sarcoma models. Results: The L19 antibody (specific to extra-domain B of fibronectin) has shown by SPECT imaging procedures to selectively localise on sarcoma in a patient with a peripheral nerve sheath tumour, and immunohistochemical analysis of human soft-tissue sarcoma samples showed comparable antigen expression of EDA and EDB. The antibody-based pharmacodelivery of TNF by the fusion protein ‘F8–TNF' to oncofetal fibronectin in sarcoma-bearing mice leads to complete and long-lasting tumour eradications when administered in combination with doxorubicin, the first-line drug for the treatment of sarcomas in humans. Doxorubicin alone did not display any therapeutic effect in both tested models of this study. The cured mice had acquired protective immunity against the tumour, as they rejected subsequent challenges with sarcoma cells. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide a rationale for the clinical study of the fully human immunocytokine L19-TNF in combination with doxorubicin in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Hemmerle
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
|
46
|
The immunocytokine L19-IL2 eradicates cancer when used in combination with CTLA-4 blockade or with L19-TNF. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 133:751-758. [PMID: 23096716 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Systemic high-dose IL2 promotes long-term survival in a subset of metastatic melanoma patients, but this treatment is accompanied by severe toxicities. The immunocytokine L19-IL2, in which IL2 is fused to the human L19 antibody capable of selective accumulation on tumor neovasculature, has recently shown encouraging clinical activity in patients with metastatic melanoma. In this study, we have investigated the therapeutic performance of L19-IL2, administered systemically in combination with a murine anti-CTLA-4 antibody or with a second clinical-stage immunocytokine (L19-TNF) in two syngeneic immunocompetent mouse models of cancer. We observed complete tumor eradications when L19-IL2 was used in combination with CTLA-4 blockade. Interestingly, mice cured from F9 tumors developed new lesions when rechallenged with tumor cells after therapy, whereas mice cured from CT26 tumors were resistant to tumor rechallenge. Similarly, L19-IL2 induced complete remissions when administered in a single intratumoral injection in combination with L19-TNF, whereas the two components did not lead to cures when administered as single agents. These findings provide a rationale for combination trials in melanoma, as the individual therapeutic agents have been extensively studied in clinical trials, and the antigen recognized by the L19 antibody has an identical sequence in mouse and man.
Collapse
|
47
|
|