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Alrumaihi F, Almatroodi SA, Alharbi HOA, Alwanian WM, Alharbi FA, Almatroudi A, Rahmani AH. Pharmacological Potential of Kaempferol, a Flavonoid in the Management of Pathogenesis via Modulation of Inflammation and Other Biological Activities. Molecules 2024; 29:2007. [PMID: 38731498 PMCID: PMC11085411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29092007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural products and their bioactive compounds have been used for centuries to prevent and treat numerous diseases. Kaempferol, a flavonoid found in vegetables, fruits, and spices, is recognized for its various beneficial properties, including its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. This molecule has been identified as a potential means of managing different pathogenesis due to its capability to manage various biological activities. Moreover, this compound has a wide range of health-promoting benefits, such as cardioprotective, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-diabetic, and has a role in maintaining eye, skin, and respiratory system health. Furthermore, it can also inhibit tumor growth and modulate various cell-signaling pathways. In vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that this compound has been shown to increase efficacy when combined with other natural products or drugs. In addition, kaempferol-based nano-formulations are more effective than kaempferol treatment alone. This review aims to provide detailed information about the sources of this compound, its bioavailability, and its role in various pathogenesis. Although there is promising evidence for its ability to manage diseases, it is crucial to conduct further investigations to know its toxicity, safety aspects, and mechanism of action in health management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh A. Almatroodi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hajed Obaid A. Alharbi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wanian M. Alwanian
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fadiyah A. Alharbi
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Buraydah 52384, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arshad Husain Rahmani
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Atli G, Sevgiler Y. Binary effects of fluoxetine and zinc on the biomarker responses of the non-target model organism Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27988-28006. [PMID: 38528217 PMCID: PMC11058962 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32846-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
The antidepressant effect of zinc on mammals has been documented in recent decades, and the concentration of the antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX) in aquatic environments has been rising constantly. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the combined toxicity of a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (FLX) and Zn2+ on a non-target aquatic model organism Daphnia magna. Animals were exposed to single and binary combinations of FLX (20.5 and 41 µg/L for subchronic and 41 and 82 µg/L for acute exposures) and Zn2+ (40 µg/L for subchronic and 80 µg/L for acute exposures). In vivo experiments were done for 7 days subchronic and 48 h acute exposure, while subcellular supernatants of whole Daphnia lysate (WDL) were directly treated with the same concentrations used in the acute experiments. Morphological characteristics, Ca2+-ATPase, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation were examined. There was antioxidant system suppression and Ca2+-ATPase inhibition despite the diverse response patterns due to duration, concentration, and toxicant type. After acute exposure, biomarkers showed a diminishing trend compared to subchronic exposure. According to integrated biomarker response index (IBR) analysis, in vivo Zn2+ exposure was reasonably effective on the health of D. magna, whereas exposure of WDL to Zn2+ had a lesser impact. FLX toxicity increased in a concentration-dependent manner, reversed by the combined exposure. We concluded that potential pro-oxidative and adverse Ca2+-ATPase effects of FLX and Zn2+ in D. magna may also have harmful impact on ecosystem levels. Pharmaceutical exposure (FLX) should be considered along with their potential to interact with other toxicants in aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülüzar Atli
- Vocational School of İmamoğlu, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Sevgiler
- Faculty of Science and Letters, Department of Biology, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
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3
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Noori T, Sureda A, Sobarzo-Sánchez E, Shirooie S. The Role of Natural Products in Treatment of Depressive Disorder. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:929-949. [PMID: 34979889 PMCID: PMC9881107 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220103140834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Depressive disorder is one of the most common psychiatric syndromes that, if left untreated, can cause many disturbances in a person's life. Numerous factors are involved in depression, including inflammation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), GABAergic system, hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal (HPA) Axis, monoamine neurotransmitters (serotonin (5-HT), noradrenaline, and dopamine). Common treatments for depression are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, but these drugs have several side effects such as anxiety, diarrhea, constipation, weight loss, and sexual dysfunctions. These agents only reduce the symptoms and temporarily reduce the rate of cognitive impairment associated with depression. As a result, extensive research has recently been conducted on the potential use of antidepressant and sedative herbs. According to the available data, herbs used in traditional medicine can be significantly effective in reducing depression, depressive symptoms and improving patients' performance. The present study provides a summary of biomarkers and therapeutic goals of depression and shows that natural products such as saffron or genipin have antidepressant effects. Some of the useful natural products and their mechanisms were evaluated. Data on various herbs and natural isolated compounds reported to prevent and reduce depressive symptoms is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Noori
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBa), University of Balearic Islands-IUNICS, Palma de Mallorca E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain;,CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile; Chile;,Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran;,Address correspondence to this author at the Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; E-mail:
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4
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Gholami E, Gholami MR, Tavakoli A, Ahmadi M, Rezaian J, Alipour M, Chehelcheraghi F, Khaksarian M. Effect of fluoxetine treatment on neurotoxicity induced by lysolecithin in male rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:107-116. [PMID: 34935529 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Demyelination disorder is an unusual pathologic event, which occurs in the central nervous system (CNS). Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the CNS, and it is the leading cause of disability in young adults. Lysolecithin (LPC) is one of the best toxin-induced demyelination models. In this study, a suitable model is created, and the effect of fluoxetine treatment is examined on this model. In this case, it was assumed that daily fluoxetine treatment had increased the endogenous remyelination in the LPC model. This study was focused on investigating the influence of the fluoxetine dose of 5 or 10 mg/kg per day for 1 and 4 weeks on LPC-induced neurotoxicity in the corpus callosum region. It was performed as a demyelinating model in male Wistar rats. After 3 days, fluoxetine was injected intraperitoneally (5 or 10 mg/kg per day) for 1 and 4 weeks in each group. After completing the treatment course, the corpus callosum was removed to examine the gene expression and histological analysis was performed. The results of the histopathological study of hematoxylin and eosin staining of the corpus callosum showed that in 1 and 4-week treatment groups, fluoxetine has reduced the level of inflammation at the LPC injection site (5 and 10 mg/kg per day). Fluoxetine treatment in the luxol fast blue (LFB) staining of the corpus callosum has been led to an increase in myelination capacity in all doses and times. The results of the genetic study showed that the fluoxetine has significantly reduced the expression level of tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor κβ, and induced nitric oxide synthase in comparison with the untreated LPC group. Also, the fluoxetine treatment has enhanced the expression level of the forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) gene in comparison with the untreated group. Fluoxetine has increased the expression level of myelination and neurotrophic genes such as myelin basic protein (MBP), oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (OLIG2), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The outcomes demonstrated that fluoxetine reduces inflammation and strengthens the endogenous myelination in the LPC-induced demyelination model; however, supplementary studies are required for specifying the details of its mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Gholami
- Student Research Committee, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Gholami
- Medical Technology Research Center, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Asadollah Tavakoli
- Department of Physiology, Loretan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mahdie Ahmadi
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Rezaian
- Department of Anatomy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Maryam Alipour
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Chehelcheraghi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Khaksarian
- Razi Herbal Medicine Research Center and Department of Physiology, Loretan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Zirak A, Soleimani M, Jameie SB, Abdollahifar MA, Fadaei Fathabadi F, Hassanzadeh S, Esmaeilzadeh E, Farjoo MH, Norouzian M. Related Fluoxetine and Methylprednisolone Changes of TNF-α and IL-6 Expression in The Hypothyroidism Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury. CELL JOURNAL 2021; 23:763-771. [PMID: 34979066 PMCID: PMC8753107 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2021.7459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious clinical condition that leads to disability. Following primary injury, pro-
inflammatory cytokines play an important role in the subsequent secondary events. The thyroid hormone (TH) is known
as the modulator of inflammatory cytokines and acts as a neuroprotective agent. Methylprednisolone (MP) is used
for the early treatment of SCI. Fluoxetine (FLX), also is known as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), has
therapeutic potential in neurological disorders. The aim of the present study was to investigate the combined effects of
MP and FLX on SCI in the rat hypothyroidism (hypo) model. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats with hypothyroidism were randomly divided
into 6 groups (n=8/group): control (Hypo), Hypo+Surgical sham, Hypo+SCI, Hypo+SCI+MP, Hypo+SCI+FLX, and
Hypo+SCI+MP+FLX. SCI was created using an aneurysm clip and Hypothyroidism was induced by 6-Propyl-2-thiouracil
(PTU) at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day administered intraperitoneally. Following SCI induction, rats received MP and FLX
treatments via separate intraperitoneal injections at a dose of 30 and 10 mg/kg/day respectively on the surgery day
and FLX continued daily for 3 weeks. The expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6
(IL-6) were quantified by Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting. Myelination and glutathione
(GSH) levels were analyzed by Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) staining and ELISA respectively.
Results Following combined MP and FLX treatments, the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-6 significantly decreased
and GSH level considerably increased in the trial animals.
Conclusion Our results show the neuroprotective effects of MP and FLX with better results in Hypo+SCI+MP+FLX
group. Further study is required to identify the mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atousa Zirak
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Soleimani
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Behnamedin Jameie
- Neuroscience Research Center (NRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Anatomy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Abdollahifar
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fadaei Fathabadi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Hassanzadeh
- Neuroscience Research Center (NRC), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Skull Base Research Center, Five Senses Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Hadi Farjoo
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Norouzian
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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6
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Schroeder R, Sridharan P, Nguyen L, Loren A, Williams NS, Kettimuthu KP, Cintrón-Pérez CJ, Vázquez-Rosa E, Pieper AA, Stevens HE. Maternal P7C3-A20 Treatment Protects Offspring from Neuropsychiatric Sequelae of Prenatal Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:511-530. [PMID: 33501899 PMCID: PMC8388250 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Impaired embryonic cortical interneuron development from prenatal stress is linked to adult neuropsychiatric impairment, stemming in part from excessive generation of reactive oxygen species in the developing embryo. Unfortunately, there are no preventive medicines that mitigate the risk of prenatal stress to the embryo, as the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms are poorly understood. Our goal was to interrogate the molecular basis of prenatal stress-mediated damage to the embryonic brain to identify a neuroprotective strategy. Results: Chronic prenatal stress in mice dysregulated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) synthesis enzymes and cortical interneuron development in the embryonic brain, leading to axonal degeneration in the hippocampus, cognitive deficits, and depression-like behavior in adulthood. Offspring were protected from these deleterious effects by concurrent maternal administration of the NAD+-modulating agent P7C3-A20, which crossed the placenta to access the embryonic brain. Prenatal stress also produced axonal degeneration in the adult corpus callosum, which was not prevented by maternal P7C3-A20. Innovation: Prenatal stress dysregulates gene expression of NAD+-synthesis machinery and GABAergic interneuron development in the embryonic brain, which is associated with adult cognitive impairment and depression-like behavior. We establish a maternally directed treatment that protects offspring from these effects of prenatal stress. Conclusion: NAD+-synthesis machinery and GABAergic interneuron development are critical to proper embryonic brain development underlying postnatal neuropsychiatric functioning, and these systems are highly susceptible to prenatal stress. Pharmacologic stabilization of NAD+ in the stressed embryonic brain may provide a neuroprotective strategy that preserves normal embryonic development and protects offspring from neuropsychiatric impairment. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 511-530.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Schroeder
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Preethy Sridharan
- Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Lynn Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Alexandra Loren
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Noelle S Williams
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kavitha P Kettimuthu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Coral J Cintrón-Pérez
- Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Edwin Vázquez-Rosa
- Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew A Pieper
- Harrington Discovery Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Institute for Transformative Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Centers, Louis Stokes Cleveland VAMC, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Weill Cornell Autism Research Program, Weill Cornell Medicine of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hanna E Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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7
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Locateli G, de Oliveira Alves B, Miorando D, Ernetti J, Alievi K, Zilli GAL, Serpa PZ, Vecchia CAD, Mota da Silva L, Müller LG, Roman Junior WA. Antidepressant-like effects of solidagenone on mice with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depression. Behav Brain Res 2020; 395:112863. [PMID: 32818537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the pharmacological potential of solidagenone from Solidago chilensis, the present investigation was carried out to evaluate its antidepressant-like effect in mice with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressive like behavior and its mode of action through the measurement of neuroinflammatory and oxidative markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the prophylactic test, the mice were pretreated with solidagenone (1, 10 or 100 mg/kg, p.o) and after one hour received LPS. In therapeutic test, the mice received LPS and after 5 h were treated with solidagenone (1, 10 or 100 mg/kg, p.o). In both experimental approaches, the animals were submitted to OFT and to the TST after 6 and 24 h of the LPS administration, respectively. One hour after the TST the animals were euthanized, the blood was collected, the cortex was removed and biochemical analyzes were performed for measurement of the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers. RESULTS The LPS induced sickness- and depressive-like behaviors and increased the cortical activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO), as well as the IL-6 and TNF amount. Interestingly, the pretreatment with solidagenone at 100 mg/kg avoided the behavioral alterations in OFT. In the mice post treated with solidagenone, all tested doses of resulted in an antidepressant-like effect evidenced by the decrease in immobility time in the TST. This effect was accompanied by a decrease in the MPO activity and in the IL-6 and TNF levels in the cortex in parallel to the increase in catalase activity. CONCLUSIONS The solidagenone has a promissor antidepressant-like potential, which can result of its beneficial action in the neuroinflammation process and due its antioxidant capability at the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelvani Locateli
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Bianca de Oliveira Alves
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Daniela Miorando
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Jackeline Ernetti
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Kelly Alievi
- Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Zanotelli Serpa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Cristian Alex Dalla Vecchia
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Luisa Mota da Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Liz Girardi Müller
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Walter Antônio Roman Junior
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil; Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade Comunitária da Região de Chapecó, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.
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8
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Saleem U, Zubair S, Riaz A, Anwar F, Ahmad B. Effect of Venlafaxine, Pramipexole, and Valsartan on Spermatogenesis in Male Rats. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:20481-20490. [PMID: 32832801 PMCID: PMC7439459 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c02587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The study's aim was to explore the effect of venlafaxine, valsartan, and pramipexole on spermatogenesis. It was hypothesized that these drugs may affect the male fertility because of their long-term use in treatment of depression, hypertension, and Parkinson's diseases. Male rats were given venlafaxine, valsartan, and pramipexole at low- and high-dose levels orally once daily for 10 weeks. Testosterone (25 mg/kg) was given as a standard via an intramuscular route once weekly. Rats were sacrificed after blood collection by cardiac puncture, and testes were removed. Sperm parameters were examined from spermatozoa of the cauda epididymis, and testes were treated for histopathological analysis. Results showed nonsignificant effect of venlafaxine on the sperm count, whereas a decreased sperm count was noted in all the treatment groups as compared to that of the control except valsartan at a low dose, which significantly (p < 0.001) raised the sperm count (96.26 ± 2.4) in reference with the control value (49.13 ± 2.3). Treatments had variable effects on total sperm motility and morphological parameters, but valsartan at a low dose showed maximum sperm motility (71.55 ± 0.7) among all. DNA integrity of spermatozoa remained intact in all groups. Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels decreased, and testosterone levels increased in all treatment groups as compared to control values, which indicate fertility. Histopathology revealed normal texture of testes with venlafaxine and valsartan, but testicular damage occurred with high-dose pramipexole. It is concluded that the use of venlafaxine, valsartan, and pramipexole at a low dose is devoid of any harmful effect on spermatogenesis, whereas pramipexole at a high dose adversely affect it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzma Saleem
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Govt. College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- . Tel: +92-333 4904928
| | - Sidra Zubair
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Riaz
- Department
of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary
and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Bashir Ahmad
- Riphah
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah
International University Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
- . Tel: +92-336 4409575
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9
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Emmerzaal TL, Jacobs L, Geenen B, Verweij V, Morava E, Rodenburg RJ, Kozicz T. Chronic fluoxetine or ketamine treatment differentially affects brain energy homeostasis which is not exacerbated in mice with trait suboptimal mitochondrial function. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:2986-3001. [PMID: 32644274 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antidepressants have been shown to influence mitochondrial function directly, and suboptimal mitochondrial function (SMF) has been implicated in complex psychiatric disorders. In the current study, we used a mouse model for trait SMF to test the hypothesis that chronic fluoxetine treatment in mice subjected to chronic stress would negatively impact brain bioenergetics, a response that would be more pronounced in mice with trait SMF. In contrast, we hypothesized that chronic ketamine treatment would positively impact mitochondrial function in both WT and mice with SMF. We used an animal model for trait SMF, the Ndufs4GT/GT mice, which exhibit 25% lower mitochondrial complex I activity. In addition to antidepressant treatment, mice were subjected to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). This paradigm is widely used to model complex behaviours expressed in various psychiatric disorders. We assayed several physiological indices as proxies for the impact of chronic stress and antidepressant treatment. Furthermore, we measured brain mitochondrial complex activities using clinically validated assays as well as established metabolic signatures using targeted metabolomics. As hypothesized, we found evidence that chronic fluoxetine treatment negatively impacted brain bioenergetics. This phenotype was, however, not further exacerbated in mice with trait SMF. Ketamine did not have a significant influence on brain mitochondrial function in either genotype. Here we report that trait SMF could be a moderator for an individual's response to antidepressant treatment. Based on these results, we propose that in individuals with SMF and comorbid psychopathology, fluoxetine should be avoided, whereas ketamine could be a safer choice of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim L Emmerzaal
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Leah Jacobs
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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10
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Panwar R, Sivakumar M, Menon V, Vairappan B. Changes in the levels of comet parameters before and after fluoxetine therapy in major depression patients. Anat Cell Biol 2020; 53:194-200. [PMID: 32647087 PMCID: PMC7343562 DOI: 10.5115/acb.19.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression belongs to mood disorders and characterized by worthlessness, no interest or happiness in any activity; lasting for atleast two weeks. Etio-pathological changes of major depression include oxidative stress leading to free radical synthesis which causes damage to carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Nucleic acid damage can be identified by either single or double strand breaks and for quantitative estimation of the same, neutral or alkaline comet assay is performed. Fluoxetine is the drug of choice for treatment of major depression having antioxidant function. In the current study eighty drug naïve major depression patients were recruited and comet parameters namely total comet length, head diameter and tail length were measured before starting the treatment and after completion of eight week fluoxetine therapy. The levels of comet parameters were higher in females than males suggesting higher prevalence of major depression among females. On categorizing into three age groups, the numbers of major depression patients belonging to 18–30 year age group were higher than 31–40 and 41–50 year age groups. All the parameters of deoxyribonucleic acid damage were reduced after eight week of fluoxetine therapy indicating that fluoxetine has anti-oxidant action along with its antidepressant properties, which cause reversal of oxidative stress induced damage occurring during major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Panwar
- Department of Anatomy, Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Nellikuppam, India
| | - M Sivakumar
- Department of Anatomy, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Balasubramaniyan Vairappan
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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Kiarash Fekri, Nayebi AM, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Farajdokht F, Mahmoudi J. The Neurochemical Changes Involved in Immobilization Stress-Induced Anxiety and Depression: Roles for Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation. NEUROCHEM J+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s181971242002004x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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12
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Perassolo MS, Raach JR, Gomes Vargas T, Schmidt dos Santos A, Alves Silva N, Ziles Hahn R, Ziulkoski AL, Linden R, Heemann Betti A. Determination of oxidative stress parameters in fluoxetine users. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss5.2328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fluoxetine (FLU), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, is the first line in depression treatment and it is involved in oxidative stress (OE). Thus, this study aimed to analyze the OE parameters in patients diagnosed with depression and treated with FLU. Were evaluated 121 volunteers divided into two groups: 58 fluoxetine users (with major depression) and 63 non-fluoxetine users (control group, without major depression). The OE was evaluated by determining the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant power (FRAP) and activity of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). MDA, FRAP, GPx and SOD were dosed in plasma. The influence of age, smoking, alcoholism, comorbidities, use of another drugs and antioxidants in the OE were evaluated. The results were compared between the groups. In relation to the fluoxetine daily dose, MDA presented higher levels in patients using 20 mg daily FLU when compared to the control group, as well as the activity of the GPx enzyme and the FRAP levels. In this way, the use of fluoxetine may interfere with the OE parameters, causing an increase in OE levels.
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13
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Visentin APV, Colombo R, Scotton E, Fracasso DS, da Rosa AR, Branco CS, Salvador M. Targeting Inflammatory-Mitochondrial Response in Major Depression: Current Evidence and Further Challenges. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:2972968. [PMID: 32351669 PMCID: PMC7178465 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2972968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of psychiatric disorders has increased in recent years. Among existing mental disorders, major depressive disorder (MDD) has emerged as one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, affecting individuals throughout their lives. Currently, MDD affects 15% of adults in the Americas. Over the past 50 years, pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and brain stimulation have been used to treat MDD. The most common approach is still pharmacotherapy; however, studies show that about 40% of patients are refractory to existing treatments. Although the monoamine hypothesis has been widely accepted as a molecular mechanism to explain the etiology of depression, its relationship with other biochemical phenomena remains only partially understood. This is the case of the link between MDD and inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Studies have found that depressive patients usually exhibit altered inflammatory markers, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, oxidized mitochondrial DNA, and thus high levels of both central and peripheral reactive oxygen species (ROS). The effect of antidepressants on these events remains unclear. Nevertheless, the effects of ROS on the brain are well known, including lipid peroxidation of neuronal membranes, accumulation of peroxidation products in neurons, protein and DNA damage, reduced antioxidant defenses, apoptosis induction, and neuroinflammation. Antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, tocopherols, and coenzyme Q have shown promise in some depressive patients, but without consensus on their efficacy. Hence, this paper provides a review of MDD and its association with inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress and is aimed at thoroughly discussing the putative links between these events, which may contribute to the design and development of new therapeutic approaches for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Colombo
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS 95070 560, Brazil
| | - Ellen Scotton
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia e Terapêutica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora Soligo Fracasso
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS 95070 560, Brazil
| | - Adriane Ribeiro da Rosa
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Molecular, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Catia Santos Branco
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS 95070 560, Brazil
| | - Mirian Salvador
- Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS 95070 560, Brazil
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14
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Ștefan MG, Kiss B, Gutleb AC, Loghin F. Redox metabolism modulation as a mechanism in SSRI toxicity and pharmacological effects. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:1417-1441. [PMID: 32246176 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02721-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Depressive disorders are amongst the greatest mental health challenges, with an increasing number of patients being diagnosed each year. Though it has not yet been fully elucidated, redox metabolism imbalances and oxidative stress seem to play a major role in the pathogenesis of depressive disorders. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most prescribed antidepressants, considered to have a better tolerability. However, several adverse effects have been reported and the mechanisms involved in their pharmacological activity are not entirely understood. SSRIs have been shown to influence the redox metabolism, which could be involved in their toxicity and pharmacological effects. A comparative analysis of published in vivo and in vitro data regarding the activity of SSRIs on the redox metabolism pathways has been performed in this paper, with an emphasis on mechanistical aspects. Furthermore, a comparison between oxidative stress biomarker levels reported by different studies was attempted. The reviewed data point towards both pro- and antioxidant effects of SSRIs, dependent on tissue/cell type and dose/concentration, suggest a redox modulating potential of these compounds. In hepatic and testicular tissue, the majority of reviewed studies reported pro-oxidant effects, with possible implications towards the hepatotoxicity and sexual dysfunction that were reported following SSRI treatment; while in brain, the most common findings were antioxidant effects that could partially explain their antidepressant activity. However, given the heterogeneity of the reviewed data, further research is needed to fully understand the impact of SSRIs on redox metabolism and its implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria-Georgia Ștefan
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Béla Kiss
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Environmental Health Group, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Felicia Loghin
- Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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15
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Fathinezhad Z, Sewell RDE, Lorigooini Z, Rafieian-Kopaei M. Depression and Treatment with Effective Herbs. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:738-745. [PMID: 30947651 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190402105803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a common psychiatric disease and one of the main causes of disability worldwide. In spite of certain developments in this field, chemical and synthetic drugs used for the treatment of depression disrupt the treatment process due to numerous side effects and high cost. Today, the goal of using a potential method for treating depression involves the use of medicinal and phytochemical plants, which have many therapeutic benefits. Studies have shown that medicinal plants affect the nervous system and exert antidepressant effects in various ways, including synaptic regulation of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine, and inflammatory mediators. In this study, depression as well as the factors and mechanisms involved in its development are first addressed, and then medicinal plants effective in the treatment of depression along with their mechanisms of actions are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohre Fathinezhad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Robert D E Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3NB. Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Zahra Lorigooini
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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16
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Arafat EA, Shabaan DA. Fluoxetine ameliorates adult hippocampal injury in rats after early maternal separation. A biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical study. Biotech Histochem 2019; 95:55-68. [DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1637021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eetmad A. Arafat
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Dalia A. Shabaan
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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17
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Major Depressive Disorder and Oxidative Stress: In Silico Investigation of Fluoxetine Activity against ROS. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9173631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a psychiatric disease having approximately a 20% lifetime prevalence in adults in the United States (U.S.), as reported by Hasin et al. in JAMA Psichiatry 2018 75, 336–346. Symptoms include low mood, anhedonia, decreased energy, alteration in appetite and weight, irritability, sleep disturbances, and cognitive deficits. Comorbidity is frequent, and patients show decreased social functioning and a high mortality rate. Environmental and genetic factors favor the development of depression, but the mechanisms by which stress negatively impacts on the brain are still not fully understood. Several recent works, mainly published during the last five years, aim at investigating the correlation between treatment with fluoxetine, a non-tricyclic antidepressant drug, and the amelioration of oxidative stress. In this work, the antioxidant activity of fluoxetine was investigated using a computational protocol based on the density functional theory approach. Particularly, the scavenging of five radicals (HO•, HOO•, CH3OO•, CH2=CHOO•, and CH3O•) was considered, focusing on hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and radical adduct formation (RAF) mechanisms. Thermodynamic as well as kinetic aspects are discussed, and, for completeness, two metabolites of fluoxetine and serotonin, whose extracellular concentration is enhanced by fluoxetine, are included in our analysis. Indeed, fluoxetine may act as a radical scavenger, and exhibits selectivity for HO• and CH3O•, but is inefficient toward peroxyl radicals. In contrast, the radical scavenging efficiency of serotonin, which has been demonstrated in vitro, is significant, and this supports the idea of an indirect antioxidant efficiency of fluoxetine.
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18
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Cho M, Kim DB, Shin GH, Kim JM, Seo Y, Choe SY, Cho JH, Kim YC, Lee JH, Lee OH. Protective effects of citrus based mixture drinks (CBMDs) on oxidative stress and restraint stress. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1801-1809. [PMID: 30483445 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0396-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study investigated the protective effects of citrus based mixture drinks (CBMDs) using oxidative stress in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells and restraint-stressed rats. The CBMDs contained citrus bioflavonoids including narirutin and hesperidin. The cell viability of HDF cells treated with H2O2 was observed at 53.9% but treated with CBMD-1 and CBMD-2 (500 μg/mL) on H2O2 exposed HDF cells significantly increased the relative cell viability at 65.0 and 72.2%, respectively. In the treadmill test, the time spent on the electrode plate in the restraint-stressed group was analyzed 24.1 s, but restraint-stressed rats with administered CBMDs (300 mg/kg) had significantly decreased the time at 2.4 (CBMD-1) and 4.7 (CBMD-2) s, respectively. In addition, number of touches the electrode plate in restraint-stressed group was observed at 42.4 ea, but, restraint-stressed rats with administered CBMD-1 and CBMD-2 (300 mg/kg) were significantly decreased at 7.0 and 10.2 ea, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- MyoungLae Cho
- 1National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Gyeongsan, 38540 Republic of Korea
| | - Dan-Bi Kim
- 2Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju, 55365 Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Hae Shin
- 6Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Min Kim
- 6Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhee Seo
- EBO Co., Ltd., Cheongju, 28116 Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ju Hyun Cho
- Hurum Central Research Institute, Cheongju, 28116 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Cheul Kim
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA
| | - Jin-Ha Lee
- 6Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Hwan Lee
- 6Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341 Republic of Korea
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19
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Sherkawy MM, Abo-Youssef AM, Salama AAA, Ismaiel IE. Fluoxetine protects against OVA induced bronchial asthma and depression in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 837:25-32. [PMID: 30145150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Depression is very common in asthmatic patients and may increases risk for morbidity and mortality. The present work aimed to investigate the protective effect of fluoxetine, on behavioral and biochemical changes, associated with ovalbumin (OVA) - induced bronchial asthma and depression in rats. Rats were sensitized with intraperitoneal administration of OVA plus aluminum hydroxide for 3 consecutive days then at day 11 followed by OVA intranasal challenge at days 19, 20, 21. Rats were either pretreated with dexamethasone, fluoxetine10mg/kg or fluoxetine 20 mg/kg. At the end of the experiment, various tests were performed, including open field, forced swimming and respiratory function tests. Blood was drawn for serum IgE detection. Finally, rats were euthanized, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was estimated in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung content of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) were determined. Histopathological study was also performed. The results showed that fluoxetine significantly ameliorated OVA- induced biochemical and behavioral changes. Fluoxetine may protect against OVA-induced asthma and depression in rats. This effect may be mediated at least in part by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Sherkawy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Amira M Abo-Youssef
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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20
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Simões‐Alves AC, Silva‐Filho RC, Braz GR, Silva SC, da Silva AI, Lagranha CJ, Fernandes MP. Neonatal treatment with fluoxetine improves mitochondrial respiration and reduces oxidative stress in liver of adult rats. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6555-6565. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aiany C. Simões‐Alves
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity Graduate ProgramFederal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
| | - Reginaldo C. Silva‐Filho
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity Graduate ProgramFederal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
| | - Glauber R.F. Braz
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
| | - Severina C.A. Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate ProgramFederal University of PernambucoRecifePernambucoBrazil
| | - Aline I. da Silva
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
| | - Claudia J. Lagranha
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate ProgramFederal University of PernambucoRecifePernambucoBrazil
| | - Mariana P. Fernandes
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise BiochemistryDepartment of Physical Education Sports Science Federal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
- Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity Graduate ProgramFederal University of Pernambuco‐CAVVitória de Santo AntãoPernambucoBrazil
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21
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Todorović N, Filipović D. The antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects of fluoxetine and clozapine in chronically isolated rats involve inhibition of hippocampal TNF-α. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2017; 163:57-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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22
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Yaman OM, Erman H, Guner I, Tok OE, Pala M, Esrefoglu M, Gelisgen R, Uzun H, Aksu U, Yelmen N, Sahin G. Remote myocardial injury: the protective role of fluoxetine. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:319-327. [PMID: 28915358 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aortic cross-clamping-induced ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is an important factor in the development of postoperative acute cardiac injury following abdominal aortic surgery. We investigated the possible anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory effects of fluoxetine (FLX), which is used widely as a preoperative anxiolytic on cardiac injury induced by IR of the infrarenal abdominal aorta. FLX was administered to IR-performed (60 min of ischemia and 120 min of reperfusion) rats for 3 days, once daily at 20 mg/kg i.p. dosage. Results were compared to control and non-FLX-treated IR-performed rats. Serum creatine kinase (CK) and CK-MB levels, lipid hydroperoxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant balance levels in the IR group were significantly higher whereas superoxide dismutase activity, glutathione, and ferric reducing/anti-oxidant power levels were lower than for the control. IR also increased myeloperoxidase activity, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 and decreased interleukin-10 levels. FLX decreased CK, CK-MB, lipid hydroperoxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, and pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant balance levels while increasing superoxide dismutase activity, glutathione, and ferric reducing/anti-oxidant power levels. FLX also decreased myeloperoxidase activity, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 levels and increased interleukin-10 levels compared to IR. FLX attenuated the morphological changes associated with cardiac injury. Our study clearly demonstrates that FLX confers protection against aortic IR-induced cardiac injury, tissue leucocyte infiltration, and cellular integrity via its anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur M Yaman
- a Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hayriye Erman
- b Medeniyet University, Goztepe Reseach and Educational Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Guner
- a Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olgu Enis Tok
- c Department of Embryology and Histology, Medical Faculty, Bezmialem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mukaddes Pala
- d Medical Faculty, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mukaddes Esrefoglu
- c Department of Embryology and Histology, Medical Faculty, Bezmialem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Remise Gelisgen
- a Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hafize Uzun
- a Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ugur Aksu
- e Science Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nermin Yelmen
- a Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulderen Sahin
- a Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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23
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Jayakumar S, Raghunath G, Ilango S, Vijayakumar J, Vijayaraghavan R. Effect of Fluoxetine on the Hippocampus of Wistar Albino Rats in Cold Restraint Stress Model. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:AF01-AF06. [PMID: 28764145 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/26958.9953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stress has been known to be a potential modulator of learning and memory. Long term stress can lead to depression. Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor group of drug used in the treatment of depression. AIM The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Fluoxetine on cold restraint induced stress in the hippocampus of Wistar rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18 male wistar albino rats were divided randomly into three groups (n=6). Group 1 was the control group which were kept in normal laboratory conditions. Group 2 was the negative control group which were given cold restraint stress for period of four weeks. Group 3 was the experimental group, where the animals were pretreated with fluoxetine 10 mg/kg for a period of one week followed by cold restraint stress for 30 minutes and cotreated with fluoxetine 10 mg/kg for a period of four weeks. The whole study was done for a period of five weeks followed by behavioural studies and subsequently sacrificed with removal of brain for various histological, Immunohistochemical (IHC), neurochemical and antioxidant analysis. The values were expressed as Mean±SEM. One-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test was used for the comparison of means. A probability of 0.05 and less was taken as statistically significant using Prism Graphpad software version 6.01. RESULTS The results show there was significant improvement in the Morris water maze test after treatment with fluoxetine in Group 2. Similar results were also noted in the levels of neurotransmitters and antioxidant levels in brain and also in the number of cells counted in IHC and histological studies by H&E when Group 3 was compared with Group 2. The treatment reversed the damage in Group 2 which was comparable with the control group. CONCLUSION The results revealed that administration of fluoxetine 10 mg/kg given orally has a potential antistressor effect by improving the neurogenic and neuroprotective effect on the cold restraint stress induced hippocampal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikarthik Jayakumar
- Research Scholar, Department of Anatomy, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gunapriya Raghunath
- Professor and Head, Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saraswathi Ilango
- Research Scholar, Department of Physiology, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Vijayakumar
- Professor, Department of Anatomy, Saveetha Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Vijayaraghavan
- Director of Research, Department of Anatomy, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Nonaka Y, Izumo T, Maekawa T, Shibata H. Anti-stress effect of the Lactobacillus pentosus strain S-PT84 in mice. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA FOOD AND HEALTH 2017; 36:121-128. [PMID: 28748133 PMCID: PMC5510157 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.17-003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We investigated if the orally administered Lactobacillus pentosus strain S-PT84 (S-PT84) might show anti-stress activity and ameliorate stress-induced immune suppression in mice. Stress of mice induced an increase in serum corticosterone and a decrease in splenic natural killer activity and in the number of splenocytes versus control mice. However, these changes were not observed in stressed mice that had been administered S-PT84. Furthermore, interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-10 production, which was downregulated in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages from stressed mice, was maintained at control levels in the macrophages of stressed mice that had been fed S-PT84. Interferon-γ production, which was downregulated in concanavalin A-activated splenocytes from stressed mice, tended to be maintained at control levels in stressed mice that had been fed S-PT84, although IL-4 production by these cells was not influenced by S-PT84 administration. Additionally, reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were decreased in serum and peritoneal macrophages from stressed mice versus controls, but these GSH levels were significantly higher in stressed animals that had been administered S-PT84 compared with those that had not. These results suggest that S-PT84 exerts anti-stress activity through immune modulation and/or antioxidative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Nonaka
- Research Institute, Suntory Global Innovation Center Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan.,Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Takayuki Izumo
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Maekawa
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shibata
- Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Wellness Limited, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika-cho, Soraku-gun, Kyoto 619-0284, Japan
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Assessment of the Anti-Hyperglycaemic, Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of the Methanol Extract of Moringa Oleifera in Diabetes-Induced Nephrotoxic Male Wistar Rats. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22040439. [PMID: 28333074 PMCID: PMC6153931 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is an endocrine disease of multiple aetiologies in insulin secretion. A deficiency in insulin results in hyperglycemia with metabolic disturbances of biomolecules. Moringa oleifera (MO) is endemic in the tropics with a variety of ethnomedicinal importance. The leaf of this plant has been reported to possess antioxidant and medicinal properties that may be helpful in the treatment and management of diabetes and its associated complications. Diabetes was induced intraperitoneally in rats by a single dose of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) and treated with methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera (250 mg/kg b.wt) for six weeks. Forty-eight (48) adult male Wistar strain rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control (NC), Moringa oleifera treated control rats (NC + MO), diabetic rats (DM) and Moringa oleifera treated diabetic rats (DM + MO). Estimation of antioxidant capacity, total polyphenols, flavonoids and flavonols content of Moringa oleifera extract was performed and serum biochemical markers were evaluated. Antioxidants such as catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, glutathione (GSH) and inflammatory biomarkers were determined in the kidney. Results showed high antioxidant capacities of MO extract and improved serum biochemical markers, whilst lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels were reduced in non-diabetic and diabetic rats after MO treatment when compared to normal control. Subsequent administration of MO led to an increased concentration of serum albumin, globulin and total protein with a decrease in the level of MDA, and improvements in CAT, SOD, GSH, GPx, (tumour necrosis factor-alpha)TNF-α and (interleukin-6)IL-6. MO contains potent phytochemical constituents that offer protective action against diabetic-induced renal damage, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation and could therefore play a role in reducing diabetic complications, particularly in developing countries such as in Africa where the majority cannot afford orthodox medicine.
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Herbet M, Gawrońska-Grzywacz M, Izdebska M, Piątkowska-Chmiel I. Effect of the interaction between atorvastatin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on the blood redox equilibrium. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3440-3444. [PMID: 27882176 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease and depression often occur simultaneously in the same patient. Long-term polypharmacotherapy can lead to drug-induced oxidative stress. Data concerning the effects of concomitant treatment with atorvastatin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are lacking. The aim of the present study was to examine oxidative stress parameters in the blood of rats after 28 days treatment with atorvastatin combined with fluoxetine or paroxetine. The study was carried out on male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g. Aqueous solutions of atorvastatin (10 mg/kg), fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) and paroxetine (10 mg/kg) were injected once a day for 28 days, separately or concomitantly. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) was determined in the whole blood, whereas the activity of glutathione reductase (GR) and the total antioxidant status (TAS) were determined in the serum. The results demonstrated that concomitant administration of atorvastatin with fluoxetine caused an increase in the GPX activity and the TAS. Atorvastatin administered to rats with paroxetine increased the activities of GPX and GR. In the groups of rats receiving atorvastatin or SSRIs separately, no statistically significant changes in the investigated parameters were observed. The changes that were detected may indicate an increase in endogenous antioxidant levels during the concomitant application of atorvastatin with SSRIs and thus a drug-drug interaction having an effect on the blood redox equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariola Herbet
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Izdebska
- Chair and Department of Toxicology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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Villasana LE, Weber S, Akinyeke T, Raber J. Genotype differences in anxiety and fear learning and memory of WT and ApoE4 mice associated with enhanced generation of hippocampal reactive oxygen species. J Neurochem 2016; 138:896-908. [PMID: 27412623 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (apoE), involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism, also influences cognitive function and injury repair. In humans, apoE is expressed in three isoforms. E4 is a risk factor for age-related cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease, particularly in women. E4 might also be a risk factor for developing behavioral and cognitive changes following (56) Fe irradiation, a component of the space environment astronauts are exposed to during missions. These changes might be related to enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we compared the behavioral and cognitive performance of sham-irradiated and irradiated wild-type (WT) mice and mice expressing the human E3 or E4 isoforms, and assessed the generation of ROS in hippocampal slices from these mice. E4 mice had greater anxiety-like and conditioned fear behaviors than WT mice, and these genotype differences were associated with greater levels of ROS in E4 than WT mice. The greater generation of ROS in the hippocampus of E4 than WT mice might contribute to their higher anxiety levels and enhanced fear conditioning. In E4, but not WT, mice, phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-treated hippocampal slices showed more dihydroxy ethidium oxidation in sham-irradiated than irradiated mice and hippocampal heme oxygenase-1 levels were higher in irradiated than sham-irradiated E4 mice. Mice with apolipoprotein E4 (E4), a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, have greater anxiety-like and conditioned fear behaviors than wild-type (WT) mice. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS, in red) 3 months following (56) Fe irradiation, a component of the space environment astronauts are exposed to, is more pronounced in the hippocampus of E4 than WT mice. In E4, but not WT, mice, hippocampal levels of the oxidative stress-relevant marker heme oxygenase-1 are higher in irradiated than sham-irradiated E4 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Villasana
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Sydney Weber
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Tunde Akinyeke
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Jacob Raber
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA. .,Division of Neuroscience, Departments of Neurology and Radiation Medicine, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA.
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Caiaffo V, Oliveira BDR, de Sá FB, Evêncio Neto J. Anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant activity of fluoxetine. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2016; 4:e00231. [PMID: 27433341 PMCID: PMC4876141 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that has been widely used to determine the neurotransmission of serotonin in the central nervous system. This substance has emerged as the drug of choice for the treatment of depression due to is safer profile, fewer side effects, and greater tolerability. Studies have found the following important functions of fluoxetine related to the central nervous system: neuroprotection; anti-inflammatory properties similar to standard drugs for the treatment of inflammatory conditions; antioxidant properties, contributing to its therapeutic action and an important intracellular mechanism underlying the protective pharmacological effects seen in clinical practice in the treatment of different stress-related adverse health conditions; and antiapoptotic properties, with greater neuron survival and a reduction in apoptosis mediators as well as oxidative substances, such as superoxide dismutase and hydrogen peroxide. The aim of this study was to perform a review of the literature on the important role of fluoxetine in anti-inflammatory, cell survival, and neuron trophicity mechanisms (antiapoptotic properties) as well as its role regarding enzymes of the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor Caiaffo
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Belisa D R Oliveira
- Department of Physiotherapy Caruaruense Association of Higher Education Brazil
| | - Fabrício B de Sá
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Joaquim Evêncio Neto
- Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Brazil
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Kalogiannis M, Delikatny EJ, Jeitner TM. Serotonin as a putative scavenger of hypohalous acid in the brain. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1862:651-661. [PMID: 26699077 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders represent the culmination of numerous insults including oxidative stress. The long etiology of most of these disorders suggests that lessening the effects of one or more of the insults could significantly delay disease onset. Antioxidants have been tested as possible therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders, but with little success. Here we report that serotonin acts as a scavenger of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in the brain. Serotonin was shown to prevent the oxidation of 2-thio-5-nitrobenzoate by HOCl in a biphasic manner. The first phase was a partial scavenging that occurred at concentrations of serotonin that exceeded those of HOCl. (1)H-NMR studies indicated that HOCl chlorinates both the aryl and akyl nitrogen atoms of serotonin. Thus, the oxidation of 2-thio-5-nitrobenzoate that occurred during the first phase of scavenging is likely due to the formation of serotonergic chloramines. A second phase of scavenging occurred at concentrations of HOCl that exceeded those of serotonin. Under these conditions, the chlorinated serotonin polymerized and formed inert aggregates. Serotonin was further shown to prevent the loss of cells and cellular α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity caused by HOCl. Extracellular concentrations of serotonin in the brain can be elevated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and suggests that such compounds could be used to increase the cerebral antioxidant capacity. Acute administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors to mice treated with endotoxin partially mitigated sickness behavior and protein chlorination in the brain. These observations suggest that serotonin may act to suppress chlorinative stress in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Kalogiannis
- Department of Neurosciences, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
| | - E James Delikatny
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 317 Anatomy Chemistry Building, 3620 Hamilton Walk, Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Thomas M Jeitner
- Department of Neurosciences, Winthrop University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza, Mineola, NY 11501, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Basic Sciences, 15 Dana Road, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
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30
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Braz GRF, Freitas CM, Nascimento L, Pedroza AA, da Silva AI, Lagranha C. Neonatal SSRI exposure improves mitochondrial function and antioxidant defense in rat heart. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 41:362-9. [PMID: 26939042 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Protein restriction during prenatal, postnatal, or in both periods has a close relationship with subsequent development of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Elevated brain levels of serotonin and its metabolites have been found in malnourished states. The aim in the present study was to investigate whether treatment with fluoxetine (Fx), a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, mimics the detrimental effect of low-protein diet during the perinatal period on the male rat heart. Our hypothesis is that increased circulating serotonin as a result of pharmacologic treatment with Fx leads to cardiac dysfunction similar to that observed in protein-restricted rats. Male Wistar rat pups received daily subcutaneous injection of Fx or vehicle from postnatal day 1 to postnatal day 21. Male rats were euthanized at 60 days of age and the following parameters were evaluated in the cardiac tissue: mitochondrial respiratory capacity, respiratory control ratio, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense. We found that Fx treatment increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity (123%) and membrane potential (212%) and decreased ROS production (55%). In addition we observed an increase in the antioxidant capacity (elevation in catalase activity (5-fold) and glutathione peroxidase (4.6-fold)). Taken together, our results suggest that Fx treatment in the developmental period positively affects the mitochondrial bioenergetics and antioxidant defense in the cardiac tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glauber Ruda F Braz
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Centro Acadêmico de Vitoria (CAV)-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,c Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Cristiane M Freitas
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Centro Acadêmico de Vitoria (CAV)-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,c Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Luciana Nascimento
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Centro Acadêmico de Vitoria (CAV)-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,c Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Anderson A Pedroza
- b Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry; CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil
| | - Aline Isabel da Silva
- b Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry; CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,d Neuropsychiatry and Behavior Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Claudia Lagranha
- b Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry; CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitoria de Santo Antão, Brazil.,c Biochemistry and Physiology Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,d Neuropsychiatry and Behavior Science Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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31
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Antidepressant-Like and Antioxidant Effects of Plinia trunciflora in Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:601503. [PMID: 26229543 PMCID: PMC4503558 DOI: 10.1155/2015/601503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The jaboticaba tree, Plinia trunciflora (O. Berg) Kausel, is popularly named "jabuticabeira" in Brazil and is used in folk medicine to treat diabetes and chronic inflammation of the tonsils, but studies evaluating the central effects of this species are limited. This study evaluated the antidepressant-like and antioxidant effects of P. trunciflora (PT) aqueous extract, in which five different anthocyanins were identified. PT showed significant ferric-reduction power and DPPH radical scavenging activity in vitro and reduced lipid peroxidation both in vitro and ex vivo. At the behavioural level, PT (400 and 800 mg/kg, i.p.) dose-dependently reduced immobility time in the tail suspension test in Swiss male mice. The identification of bioactive compounds accompanied by the in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity of PT suggests that these activities might be related to the antidepressant-like activity of P. trunciflora.
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da Silva AI, Braz GRF, Silva-Filho R, Pedroza AA, Ferreira DS, Manhães de Castro R, Lagranha C. Effect of fluoxetine treatment on mitochondrial bioenergetics in central and peripheral rat tissues. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 40:565-74. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations have focused on the mitochondrion as a direct drug target in the treatment of metabolic diseases (obesity, metabolic syndrome). Relatively few studies, however, have explicitly investigated whether drug therapies aimed at changing behavior by altering central nervous system (CNS) function affect mitochondrial bioenergetics, and none has explored their effect during early neonatal development. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of chronic treatment of newborn male rats with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine on the mitochondrial bioenergetics of the hypothalamus and skeletal muscle during the critical nursing period of development. Male Wistar rat pups received either fluoxetine (Fx group) or vehicle solution (Ct group) from the day of birth until 21 days of age. At 60 days of age, mitochondrial bioenergetics were evaluated. The Fx group showed increased oxygen consumption in several different respiratory states and reduced production of reactive oxygen species, but there was no change in mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening or oxidative stress in either the hypothalamus or skeletal muscle. We observed an increase in glutathione S-transferase activity only in the hypothalamus of the Fx group. Taken together, our results suggest that chronic exposure to fluoxetine during the nursing phase of early rat development results in a positive modulation of mitochondrial respiration in the hypothalamus and skeletal muscle that persists into adulthood. Such long-lasting alterations in mitochondrial activity in the CNS, especially in areas regulating appetite, may contribute to permanent changes in energy balance in treated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Isabel da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Departamento de Nutrição da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Glauber Ruda Feitoza Braz
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Reginaldo Silva-Filho
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Anderson Apolonio Pedroza
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Diorginis Soares Ferreira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Raul Manhães de Castro
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição, Departamento de Nutrição da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Claudia Lagranha
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, CAV-Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
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The effects of fluoxetine on circulating oxidative damage parameters in rats exposed to aortic ischemia–reperfusion. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 749:56-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Cline BH, Anthony DC, Lysko A, Dolgov O, Anokhin K, Schroeter C, Malin D, Kubatiev A, Steinbusch HW, Lesch KP, Strekalova T. Lasting downregulation of the lipid peroxidation enzymes in the prefrontal cortex of mice susceptible to stress-induced anhedonia. Behav Brain Res 2015; 276:118-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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da Silva AI, Monteiro Galindo LC, Nascimento L, Moura Freitas C, Manhaes-de-Castro R, Lagranha CJ, Lopes de Souza S. Fluoxetine treatment of rat neonates significantly reduces oxidative stress in the hippocampus and in behavioral indicators of anxiety later in postnatal life. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2014; 92:330-7. [PMID: 24708216 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The brain, more than any other organ in the body, is vulnerable to oxidative stress damage, owing to its requirement for high levels of oxygenation. This is needed to fulfill its metabolic needs in the face of relatively low levels of protective antioxidants. Recent studies have suggested that oxidative stress is directly involved in the etiology of both eating and anxiety behavior. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fluoxetine-inhibited serotonin reuptake in nursing rat neonates on behavior and on oxidative stress in the hypothalamus and the hippocampus; brain areas responsible for behavior related to food and anxiety, respectively. The results show that increased serotonin levels during a critical period of development do not induce significant differences in food-related behavior (intake and satiety), but do result in a in a significant decrease in anxiety. Measurements of oxidative stress showed a significant reduction of lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus (57%). In the hypothalamus, antioxidant enzymes were unchanged, but in the hippocampus, the activity of catalase and glutathione-S-transferase was increased (80% and 85% respectively). This suggests that protecting neural cells from oxidative stress during brain development contributes to the anxiolytic effects of serotonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Isabel da Silva
- a Nutrition Graduate Program and Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Pernambuco Recife, Brazil
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36
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Study of the effect of antidepressant drugs and donepezil on aluminum-induced memory impairment and biochemical alterations in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-014-1994-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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37
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Guner I, Yaman MO, Aksu U, Uzun D, Erman H, Inceli M, Gelisgen R, Yelmen N, Uzun H, Sahin G. The effect of fluoxetine on ischemia–reperfusion after aortic surgery in a rat model. J Surg Res 2014; 189:96-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Soubhye J, Aldib I, Prévost M, Elfving B, Gelbcke M, Podrecca M, Conotte R, Colet JM, Furtmüller PG, Delporte C, Rousseau A, Vanhaeverbeek M, Nève J, Obinger C, Zouaoui-Boudjeltia K, Van Antwerpen P, Dufrasne F. Hybrid molecules inhibiting myeloperoxidase activity and serotonin reuptake: a possible new approach of major depressive disorders with inflammatory syndrome. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 66:1122-32. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied with an imbalance in the immune system and cardiovascular impairments, such as atherosclerosis. Several mechanisms have been pointed out to underlie this rather unexpected association, and among them the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO). The aim of our study was to find compounds that inhibit both MPO and serotonin transporter (SERT) for treating MDD associated with cardiovascular diseases.
Methods
SERT inhibition was assessed with measuring of [3H]-serotonin uptake using HEK-293 MSR cells. MPO inhibition was determined by taurine chloramine test on 3-(aminoalkyl)-5-fluoroindole derivatives and on clinically relevant antidepressants. All kinetic measurements were performed using a temperature-controlled stopped-flow apparatus (model SX-18 MV). Promising lead compounds were docked onto SERT 3D structure modelled using the LeuT structure complexed to tryptophan (PDB code 3F3A). Their toxicological profile was also assessed.
Key findings
3-(aminoalkyl)-5-fluoroindole derivative with 5 carbons on the side chain and paroxetine showed the best activity on both MPO and SERT at the nanomolar range. Paroxetine was found to be the first irreversible MPO inhibitor at nanomolar concentrations.
Conclusions
Our results put forward the first hybrid molecule (compound 25) and drug (paroxetine) that can be especially used in MDD associated with inflammatory syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Soubhye
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iyas Aldib
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Martine Prévost
- Laboratoire de Structure et Fonction des Membranes Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Betina Elfving
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michel Gelbcke
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Manuel Podrecca
- Department of Human Biology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Raphaël Conotte
- Department of Human Biology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Jean-Marie Colet
- Department of Human Biology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - Paul G Furtmüller
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Vienna Institute of BioTechnology, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cédric Delporte
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Rousseau
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, CHU Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium
| | - Michel Vanhaeverbeek
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, CHU Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium
| | - Jean Nève
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christian Obinger
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Biochemistry, Vienna Institute of BioTechnology, BOKU – University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karim Zouaoui-Boudjeltia
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, CHU Charleroi, A. Vésale Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Montigny-le-Tilleul, Belgium
| | - Pierre Van Antwerpen
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Analytical Platform of the Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - François Dufrasne
- Laboratoire de Chimie Pharmaceutique Organique, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
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Stopper H, Garcia SB, Waaga-Gasser AM, Kannen V. Antidepressant fluoxetine and its potential against colon tumors. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2014; 6:11-21. [PMID: 24578784 PMCID: PMC3936192 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v6.i1.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most common tumors worldwide, with increasing incidence in developing countries. Patients treated with fluoxetine (FLX) have a reduced incidence of colon cancer, although there still remains great controversy about the nature of its effects. Here we explore the latest achievements related to FLX treatment and colon cancer. Moreover, we discuss new ideas about the mechanisms of the effects of FLX treatment in colon cancer. This leads to the hypothesis of FLX arresting colon tumor cells at the at G1 cell-cycle phase through a control of the tumor-related energy generation machinery. We believe that the potential of FLX to act against tumor metabolism warrants further investigation.
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Nagpal K, Singh SK, Mishra DN. Nanoparticle mediated brain targeted delivery of gallic acid: in vivo behavioral and biochemical studies for improved antioxidant and antidepressant-like activity. Drug Deliv 2013; 19:378-91. [PMID: 23173579 DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2012.738437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Gallic acid had been reported to possess antidepressant like activity, which may be attributed to its CNS effects like increase in reduced glutathione levels, increased catalase activity and decreased malonaldehyde levels in brain. OBJECTIVE This study was designed to enhance the antidepressant-like activity of gallic acid (GA) using nanoparticulate delivery system in swiss male albino mice and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms for this activity. METHODS GA loaded chitosan nanoparticles (GANP) and corresponding tween 80 coated batch (cGANP) were formulated for brain targeting of GA and characterized for physicochemical parameters, morphology, differential scanning calorimetry and in vitro drug release. GA, GANP, cGANP (dose equivalent to GA 10 mg/kg, i.p.) and positive control drug, Fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered for successive seven days to male swiss albino mice. Then, the in vivo antidepressant-like activity was evaluated using Despair Swim Test (DST) and Tail Suspension Test (TST); along with the evaluation of MAO-A activity, reduced glutathione, malonaldehyde level, catalase and locomotor activity in mice. KEYFINDINGS: cGANP (equivalent to 10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased immobility period of mice in DST and TST, indicating significant antidepressant-like activity. There was no significant effect on locomotor activity of the mice by GA and its nanoparticle formulations. cGANP (10 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly decreased Monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) activity, malondialdehyde levels, and catalase activity in mice. CONCLUSIONS GA possess significant antidepressant like activity and ligand coated nanoparticle approach with improved brain targeting may serve as an effective approach to enhance such effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana Nagpal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India
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N-acetylcysteine possesses antidepressant-like activity through reduction of oxidative stress: behavioral and biochemical analyses in rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2012; 39:280-7. [PMID: 22820675 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2012] [Revised: 06/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The growing body of evidence implicates the significance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of depression. The aim of this paper was to examine N-acetylcysteine (NAC) - a putative precursor of the most important tissue antioxidant glutathione - in an animal model of depression and in ex vivo assays to detect oxidative stress parameters. Imipramine (IMI), a classical and clinically-approved antidepressant drug was also under investigation. Male Wistar rats which underwent either bulbectomy (BULB; removal of the olfactory bulbs) or sham surgery (SHAM; olfactory bulbs were left undestroyed) were treated acutely or repeatedly with NAC (50-100mg/kg, ip) or IMI (10mg/kg, ip). Following 10-daily injections with NAC or IMI or their solvents, or 9-daily injections with a corresponding solvent plus acute NAC or acute IMI forced swimming test on day 10, and locomotor activity were performed; immediately after behavioral tests animals were decapitated. Biochemical tests (the total antioxidant capacity - TAC and the superoxide dismutase activity - SOD) were performed on homogenates in several brain structures. In behavioral studies, chronic (but not acute) administration of NAC resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in the immobility time seen only in BULB rats while chronic IMI produced a significant decrease in this parameter in both SHAM and BULB animals. On the other hand, chronic administration of NAC and IMI resulted in a significant increase in cellular antioxidant mechanisms (SOD activity) that reversed the effects of BULB in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and striatum. Our study further supports the antidepressant-like activity of NAC and links its effect as well as IMI actions with the enhancement of brain SOD activity.
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Preclinical and clinical evidence of antioxidant effects of antidepressant agents: implications for the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2012; 2012:609421. [PMID: 22693652 PMCID: PMC3368202 DOI: 10.1155/2012/609421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common mental disorder associated with a significant negative impact on quality of life, morbidity/mortality, and cognitive function. Individuals who suffer with MDD display lower serum/plasmatic total antioxidant potentials and reduced brain GSH levels. Also, F2-isoprostanes circulatory levels are increased in MDD subjects and are correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms. Urinary excretion of 8-OHdG seems to be higher in patients with MDD compared to healthy controls. Despite the fact that antidepressant drugs have been used for more than 50 years, their mechanism of action is still not fully understood. This paper examines preclinical (in vitro and animal model) and clinical literature on oxidative/antioxidant effects associated with antidepressant agents and discusses their potential antioxidant-related effects in the treatment of MDD. Substantial data support that MDD seems to be accompanied by elevated levels of oxidative stress and that antidepressant treatments may reduce oxidative stress. These studies suggest that augmentation of antioxidant defences may be one of the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of antidepressants in the treatment of MDD.
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Abdel-Sater KA, Abdel-Daiem WM, Sayyed Bakheet M. The gender difference of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine in adult rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 688:42-8. [PMID: 22546225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the gender difference of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine in adult rats with stress-induced gastric ulcer. The rats were randomly divided into six groups: Group I, control males and group II, control females; group III, acute cold restraint stressed males and group IV, acute cold restraint stressed females; group V, fluoxetine-treated stressed males and group VI, fluoxetine-treated stressed females. Acute cold restraint stress was established by fixing the four limbs of the rat and placing it in a refrigerator at 4°C for 3h. Fluoxetine was given intraperitoneal in a single dose of 10mg/kg/day. After 2 weeks, stomach and brain tissues were collected for the assay of gastric malonaldehyde (MDA), catalase, nitric oxide (NO) and cortical gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA). Stressed animals exhibited increased total acidity in association with decreased gastric secretion volume. Gastric MDA was increased while gastric catalase, NO, and cortical GABA were decreased in stressed male rats when compared to stressed females. However, fluoxetine administration attenuated these stress-induced changes especially in stressed male animals. Stressed male rats were more responsive to the antiulcer effect of fluoxetine more than stressed females. However, fluoxetine might be considered to be the first-choice drug in depressive patients with gastric ulcers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled A Abdel-Sater
- Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Al-Azher Faculty of Medicine, Assiut, Egypt.
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Zhai YJ, He RR, Tsoi B, Li YF, Li XD, Tsuruoka N, Abe K, Kurihara H. Protective effect of extract of chicken meat on restraint stress-induced liver damage in mice. Food Funct 2012; 3:662-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fo10275g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Malondialdehyde plasma concentration correlates with declarative and working memory in patients with recurrent depressive disorder. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:5359-66. [PMID: 22170602 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been implicated in the cognitive decline, especially in memory impairment. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with recurrent depressive disorders (rDD) and to define relationship between plasma levels of MDA and the cognitive performance. The study comprised 46 patients meeting criteria for rDD. Cognitive function assessment was based on: The Trail Making Test , The Stroop Test, Verbal Fluency Test and Auditory-Verbal Learning Test. The severity of depression symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Statistically significant differences were found in the intensity of depression symptoms, measured by the HDRS on therapy onset versus the examination results after 8 weeks of treatment (P < 0.001). Considering the 8-week pharmacotherapy period, rDD patients presented better outcomes in cognitive function tests. There was no statistically significant correlation between plasma MDA levels, and the age, disease duration, number of previous depressive episodes and the results in HDRS applied on admission and on discharge. Elevated levels of MDA adversely affected the efficiency of visual-spatial and auditory-verbal working memory, short-term declarative memory and the delayed recall declarative memory. 1. Higher concentration of plasma MDA in rDD patients is associated with the severity of depressive symptoms, both at the beginning of antidepressants pharmacotherapy, and after 8 weeks of its duration. 2. Elevated levels of plasma MDA are related to the impairment of visual-spatial and auditory-verbal working memory and short-term and delayed declarative memory.
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