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Solé-Guardia G, Luijten M, Geenen B, Claassen JAHR, Litjens G, de Leeuw FE, Wiesmann M, Kiliaan AJ. Three-dimensional identification of microvascular pathology and neurovascular inflammation in severe white matter hyperintensity: a case report. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5004. [PMID: 38424226 PMCID: PMC10904845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55733-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are the most prevalent markers of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), which is the major vascular risk factor for dementia. Microvascular pathology and neuroinflammation are suggested to drive the transition from normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) to WMH, particularly in individuals with hypertension. However, current imaging techniques cannot capture ongoing NAWM changes. The transition from NAWM into WMH is a continuous process, yet white matter lesions are often examined dichotomously, which may explain their underlying heterogeneity. Therefore, we examined microvascular and neurovascular inflammation pathology in NAWM and severe WMH three-dimensionally, along with gradual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) signal (sub-)segmentation. In WMH, the vascular network exhibited reduced length and complexity compared to NAWM. Neuroinflammation was more severe in WMH. Vascular inflammation was more pronounced in NAWM, suggesting its potential significance in converting NAWM into WMH. Moreover, the (sub-)segmentation of FLAIR signal displayed varying degrees of vascular pathology, particularly within WMH regions. These findings highlight the intricate interplay between microvascular pathology and neuroinflammation in the transition from NAWM to WMH. Further examination of neurovascular inflammation across MRI-visible alterations could aid deepening our understanding on WMH conversion, and therewith how to improve the prognosis of SVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Solé-Guardia
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud university medical center, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs Luijten
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud university medical center, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud university medical center, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A H R Claassen
- Department of Geriatrics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behavior, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Geert Litjens
- Department of Pathology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Computational Pathology Group, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank-Erik de Leeuw
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behavior, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Wiesmann
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud university medical center, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Radboud university medical center, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen, PO Box 9101, The Netherlands.
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Lohkamp KJ, van den Hoek AM, Solé-Guardia G, Lisovets M, Alves Hoffmann T, Velanaki K, Geenen B, Verweij V, Morrison MC, Kleemann R, Wiesmann M, Kiliaan AJ. The Preventive Effect of Exercise and Oral Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation on Obesity-Induced Brain Changes in Ldlr−/−.Leiden Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071716. [PMID: 37049556 PMCID: PMC10097391 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise and dietary interventions are promising approaches to tackle obesity and its obesogenic effects on the brain. We investigated the impact of exercise and possible synergistic effects of exercise and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) supplementation on the brain and behavior in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obese Ldlr−/−.Leiden mice. Baseline measurements were performed in chow-fed Ldlr−/−.Leiden mice to assess metabolic risk factors, cognition, and brain structure using magnetic resonance imaging. Thereafter, a subgroup was sacrificed, serving as a healthy reference. The remaining mice were fed an HFD and divided into three groups: (i) no exercise, (ii) exercise, or (iii) exercise and dietary BCAA. Mice were followed for 6 months and aforementioned tests were repeated. We found that exercise alone changed cerebral blood flow, attenuated white matter loss, and reduced neuroinflammation compared to non-exercising HFD-fed mice. Contrarily, no favorable effects of exercise on the brain were found in combination with BCAA, and neuroinflammation was increased. However, cognition was slightly improved in exercising mice on BCAA. Moreover, BCAA and exercise increased the percentage of epididymal white adipose tissue and muscle weight, decreased body weight and fasting insulin levels, improved the circadian rhythm, and transiently improved grip strength. In conclusion, BCAA should be supplemented with caution, although beneficial effects on metabolism, behavior, and cognition were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara J. Lohkamp
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.J.L.); (G.S.-G.); (M.L.); (T.A.H.); (K.V.); (B.G.); (V.V.); (M.W.)
| | - Anita M. van den Hoek
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.M.v.d.H.); (M.C.M.); (R.K.)
| | - Gemma Solé-Guardia
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.J.L.); (G.S.-G.); (M.L.); (T.A.H.); (K.V.); (B.G.); (V.V.); (M.W.)
| | - Maria Lisovets
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.J.L.); (G.S.-G.); (M.L.); (T.A.H.); (K.V.); (B.G.); (V.V.); (M.W.)
| | - Talissa Alves Hoffmann
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.J.L.); (G.S.-G.); (M.L.); (T.A.H.); (K.V.); (B.G.); (V.V.); (M.W.)
| | - Konstantina Velanaki
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.J.L.); (G.S.-G.); (M.L.); (T.A.H.); (K.V.); (B.G.); (V.V.); (M.W.)
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.J.L.); (G.S.-G.); (M.L.); (T.A.H.); (K.V.); (B.G.); (V.V.); (M.W.)
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.J.L.); (G.S.-G.); (M.L.); (T.A.H.); (K.V.); (B.G.); (V.V.); (M.W.)
| | - Martine C. Morrison
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.M.v.d.H.); (M.C.M.); (R.K.)
| | - Robert Kleemann
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands; (A.M.v.d.H.); (M.C.M.); (R.K.)
| | - Maximilian Wiesmann
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.J.L.); (G.S.-G.); (M.L.); (T.A.H.); (K.V.); (B.G.); (V.V.); (M.W.)
| | - Amanda J. Kiliaan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands; (K.J.L.); (G.S.-G.); (M.L.); (T.A.H.); (K.V.); (B.G.); (V.V.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Solé-Guardia G, Custers E, de Lange A, Clijncke E, Geenen B, Gutierrez J, Küsters B, Claassen JAHR, de Leeuw FE, Wiesmann M, Kiliaan AJ. Association between hypertension and neurovascular inflammation in both normal-appearing white matter and white matter hyperintensities. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:2. [PMID: 36600303 PMCID: PMC9811756 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The major vascular cause of dementia is cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), including white matter hyperintensities (WMH) amongst others. While the underlying pathology of SVD remains unclear, chronic hypertension and neuroinflammation are recognized as important risk factors for SVD and for the conversion of normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) to WMH. Unfortunately, most studies investigating the role of neuroinflammation in WMH relied on peripheral blood markers, e.g., markers for systemic or vascular inflammation, as a proxy for inflammation in the brain itself. However, it is unknown whether such markers accurately capture inflammatory changes within the cerebral white matter. Therefore, we aimed to comprehensively investigate the impact of hypertension on perivascular- and neuroinflammation in both WMH and NAWM. We conducted high field brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed by (immuno-)histopathological staining of neuroinflammatory markers on human post-mortem brains of elderly people with a history of hypertension (n = 17) and age-matched normotensive individuals (n = 5). MRI images were co-registered to (immuno-)histopathological data including stainings for microglia and astroglia to assess changes in MRI-based WMH at microscopic resolution. Perivascular inflammation was carefully assessed based on the severity of perivascular astrogliosis of the smallest vessels throughout white matter regions. Hypertension was associated with a larger inflammatory response in both WMH and NAWM. Notably, the presence of close-range perivascular inflammation was twice as common among those with hypertension than in controls both in WMH and NAWM, suggesting that neurovascular inflammation is critical in the etiology of WMH. Moreover, a higher degree of microglial activation was related to a higher burden of WMH. Our results indicate that neuro(vascular)inflammation at the level of the brain itself is involved in the etiology of WMH. Future therapeutic strategies focusing on multitarget interventions including antihypertensive treatment as well as neuroinflammation may ameliorate WMH progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Solé-Guardia
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Emma Custers
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur de Lange
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elyne Clijncke
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jose Gutierrez
- grid.239585.00000 0001 2285 2675Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY USA
| | - Benno Küsters
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jurgen A. H. R. Claassen
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Geriatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frank-Erik de Leeuw
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Wiesmann
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda J. Kiliaan
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Center for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Arnoldussen IAC, Morrison MC, Wiesmann M, van Diepen JA, Worms N, Voskuilen M, Verweij V, Geenen B, Gualdo NP, van der Logt L, Gross G, Kleemann R, Kiliaan AJ. Milk fat globule membrane attenuates high fat diet-induced neuropathological changes in obese Ldlr-/-.Leiden mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:342-349. [PMID: 34716425 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00998-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Milk-fat globule membrane (MFGM) is a complex structure secreted by the mammary gland and present in mammalian milk. MFGM contains lipids and glycoproteins as well as gangliosides, which may be involved in myelination processes. Notably, myelination and thereby white matter integrity are often altered in obesity. Furthermore, MFGM interventions showed beneficial effects in obesity by affecting inflammatory processes and the microbiome. In this study, we investigated the impact of a dietary MFGM intervention on fat storage, neuroinflammatory processes and myelination in a rodent model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. METHODS 12-week-old male low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient Leiden mice were exposed to a HFD, a HFD enriched with 3% whey protein lipid concentrate (WPC) high in MFGM components, or a low fat diet. The impact of MFGM supplementation during 24-weeks of HFD-feeding was examined over time by analyzing body weight and fat storage, assessing cognitive tasks and MRI scanning, analyzing myelinization with polarized light imaging and examining neuroinflammation using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We found in this study that 24 weeks of HFD-feeding induced excessive fat storage, increased systolic blood pressure, altered white matter integrity, decreased functional connectivity, induced neuroinflammation and impaired spatial memory. Notably, supplementation with 3% WPC high in MFGM components restored HFD-induced neuroinflammation and attenuated the reduction in hippocampal-dependent spatial memory and hippocampal functional connectivity. CONCLUSIONS We showed that supplementation with WPC high in MFGM components beneficially contributed to hippocampal-dependent spatial memory, functional connectivity in the hippocampus and anti-inflammatory processes in HFD-induced obesity in rodents. Current knowledge regarding exact biological mechanisms underlying these effects should be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse A C Arnoldussen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Martine C Morrison
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands.,Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Wiesmann
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Janna A van Diepen
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole Worms
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marijke Voskuilen
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Natàlia Pujol Gualdo
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lonneke van der Logt
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gabriele Gross
- Medical and Scientific Affairs, Reckitt Mead Johnson Nutrition Institute, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Kleemann
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Xu L, Füredi N, Lutter C, Geenen B, Pétervári E, Balaskó M, Dénes Á, Kovács KJ, Gaszner B, Kozicz T. Leptin coordinates efferent sympathetic outflow to the white adipose tissue through the midbrain centrally-projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus in male rats. Neuropharmacology 2021; 205:108898. [PMID: 34861283 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The centrally-projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWcp) hosts a large population of neurons expressing urocortin 1 (Ucn1) and about half of these neurons also express the leptin receptor (LepRb). Previously, we have shown that the peripheral adiposity hormone leptin signaling energy surfeit modulates EWcp neurons' activity. Here, we hypothesized that Ucn1/LepRb neurons in the EWcp would act as a crucial neuronal node in the brain-white adipose tissue (WAT) axis modulating efferent sympathetic outflow to the WAT. We showed that leptin bound to neurons of the EWcp stimulated STAT3 phosphorylation, and increased Ucn1-production in a time-dependent manner. Besides, retrograde transneuronal tract-tracing using pseudorabies virus (PRV) identified EWcp Ucn1 neurons connected to WAT. Interestingly, reducing EWcp Ucn1 contents by ablating EWcp LepRb-positive neurons with leptin-saporin, did not affect food intake and body weight gain, but substantially (+26%) increased WAT weight accompanied by a higher plasma leptin level and changed plasma lipid profile. We also found that ablation of EWcp Ucn1/LepRb neurons resulted in lower respiratory quotient and oxygen consumption one week after surgery, but was comparable to sham values after 3 and 5 weeks of surgery. Taken together, we report that EWcp/LepRb/Ucn1 neurons not only respond to leptin signaling but also control WAT size and fat metabolism without altering food intake. These data suggest the existence of a EWcp-WAT circuitry allowing an organism to recruit fuels without being able to eat in situations such as the fight-or-flight response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Department of Anatomy Medical Imaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Nóra Füredi
- Department of Anatomy and Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, Pécs University, Pécs, Hungary; Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School, Pécs University, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Christoph Lutter
- Department of Anatomy and Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, Pécs University, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Anatomy Medical Imaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Erika Pétervári
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School, Pécs University, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Márta Balaskó
- Department of Translational Medicine, Medical School, Pécs University, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ádám Dénes
- "Momentum" Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina J Kovács
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balázs Gaszner
- Department of Anatomy and Center for Neuroscience, Medical School, Pécs University, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Tamás Kozicz
- Department of Anatomy Medical Imaging, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, MN, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, MN, USA; Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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Ruigrok SR, Yim K, Emmerzaal TL, Geenen B, Stöberl N, den Blaauwen JL, Abbink MR, Kiliaan AJ, van Schothorst EM, Kozicz T, Korosi A. Effects of early-life stress on peripheral and central mitochondria in male mice across ages. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 132:105346. [PMID: 34274734 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to early-life stress (ES) increases the vulnerability to develop metabolic diseases as well as cognitive dysfunction, but the specific biological underpinning of the ES-induced programming is unknown. Metabolic and cognitive disorders are often comorbid, suggesting possible converging underlying pathways. Mitochondrial dysfunction is implicated in both metabolic diseases and cognitive dysfunction and chronic stress impairs mitochondrial functioning. However, if and how mitochondria are impacted by ES and whether they are implicated in the ES-induced programming remains to be determined. ES was applied by providing mice with limited nesting and bedding material from postnatal day (P)2-P9, and metabolic parameters, cognitive functions and multiple aspects of mitochondria biology (i.e. mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex activity, mitochondrial DNA copy number, expression of genes relevant for mitochondrial function, and the antioxidant capacity) were studied in muscle, hypothalamus and hippocampus at P9 and late adulthood (10-12 months of age). We show that ES altered bodyweight (gain), adiposity and glucose levels at P9, but not in late adulthood. At this age, however, ES exposure led to cognitive impairments. ES affected peripheral and central mitochondria in an age-dependent manner. At P9, both muscle and hypothalamic ETC activity were affected by ES, while in hippocampus, ES altered the expression of genes involved in fission and antioxidant defence. In adulthood, alterations in ETC complex activity were observed in the hypothalamus specifically, whereas in muscle and hippocampus ES affected the expression of genes involved in mitophagy and fission, respectively. Our study demonstrates that ES affects peripheral and central mitochondria biology throughout life, thereby uncovering a converging mechanism that might contribute to the ES-induced vulnerability for both metabolic diseases and cognitive dysfunction, which could serve as a novel target for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Ruigrok
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - K Yim
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T L Emmerzaal
- Department of Medical Imaging - Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - B Geenen
- Department of Medical Imaging - Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - N Stöberl
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J L den Blaauwen
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M R Abbink
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A J Kiliaan
- Department of Medical Imaging - Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - E M van Schothorst
- Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, 6700AH Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - T Kozicz
- Department of Medical Imaging - Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - A Korosi
- Center for Neuroscience, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Tengeler AC, Emmerzaal TL, Geenen B, Verweij V, van Bodegom M, Morava E, Kiliaan AJ, Kozicz T. Early-adolescent antibiotic exposure results in mitochondrial and behavioral deficits in adult male mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12875. [PMID: 34145328 PMCID: PMC8213690 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92203-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to antibiotic treatment has been associated with increased vulnerability to various psychiatric disorders. However, a research gap exists in understanding how adolescent antibiotic therapy affects behavior and cognition. Many antibiotics that target bacterial translation may also affect mitochondrial translation resulting in impaired mitochondrial function. The brain is one of the most metabolically active organs, and hence is the most vulnerable to impaired mitochondrial function. We hypothesized that exposure to antibiotics during early adolescence would directly affect brain mitochondrial function, and result in altered behavior and cognition. We administered amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, or gentamicin in the drinking water to young adolescent male wild-type mice. Next, we assayed mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complex activities in the cerebral cortex, performed behavioral screening and targeted mass spectrometry-based acylcarnitine profiling in the cerebral cortex. We found that mice exposed to chloramphenicol showed increased repetitive and compulsive-like behavior in the marble burying test, an accurate and sensitive assay of anxiety, concomitant with decreased mitochondrial complex IV activity. Our results suggest that only adolescent chloramphenicol exposure leads to impaired brain mitochondrial complex IV function, and could therefore be a candidate driver event for increased anxiety-like and repetitive, compulsive-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk C Tengeler
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tim L Emmerzaal
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Miranda van Bodegom
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St. SW, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Centre for Medical Neuroscience, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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8
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van Loenen MR, Geenen B, Arnoldussen IAC, Kiliaan AJ. Ghrelin as a prominent endocrine factor in stress-induced obesity. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:1413-1424. [PMID: 33373270 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1863740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Ghrelin acts on a variety of central- and peripheral organs causing an orexigenic effect, conclusively followed by increased caloric intake. Recent studies have indicated that ghrelin's function as an orexigenic agent does not entirely reflect the full functional properties of the peptide. Specifically, ghrelin regulates stress-hormone synthesis and secretion therewith affecting the stress-axis. The role of stress in the development of obesity has been extensively studied. However, the orexigenic and underlying stress-regulatory effect of ghrelin has not yet been further considered in the development of stress-induced obesity.Methods: Therefore, this review aims to accentuate the potential of ghrelin as a factor in the pathological development of stress-induced obesity.Results: In this review we discuss (1) the ghrelin-mediated intracellular cascades and elucidate the overall bioactivation of the peptide, and (2) the mechanisms of ghrelin signalling and regulation within the central nervous system and the gastro-intestinal system.Discussion: These biological processes will be ultimately discussed in relation to the pathogenesis of stress-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R van Loenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Ilse A C Arnoldussen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Preclinical Imaging Center PRIME, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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9
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Emmerzaal TL, Jacobs L, Geenen B, Verweij V, Morava E, Rodenburg RJ, Kozicz T. Chronic fluoxetine or ketamine treatment differentially affects brain energy homeostasis which is not exacerbated in mice with trait suboptimal mitochondrial function. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 53:2986-3001. [PMID: 32644274 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antidepressants have been shown to influence mitochondrial function directly, and suboptimal mitochondrial function (SMF) has been implicated in complex psychiatric disorders. In the current study, we used a mouse model for trait SMF to test the hypothesis that chronic fluoxetine treatment in mice subjected to chronic stress would negatively impact brain bioenergetics, a response that would be more pronounced in mice with trait SMF. In contrast, we hypothesized that chronic ketamine treatment would positively impact mitochondrial function in both WT and mice with SMF. We used an animal model for trait SMF, the Ndufs4GT/GT mice, which exhibit 25% lower mitochondrial complex I activity. In addition to antidepressant treatment, mice were subjected to chronic unpredictable stress (CUS). This paradigm is widely used to model complex behaviours expressed in various psychiatric disorders. We assayed several physiological indices as proxies for the impact of chronic stress and antidepressant treatment. Furthermore, we measured brain mitochondrial complex activities using clinically validated assays as well as established metabolic signatures using targeted metabolomics. As hypothesized, we found evidence that chronic fluoxetine treatment negatively impacted brain bioenergetics. This phenotype was, however, not further exacerbated in mice with trait SMF. Ketamine did not have a significant influence on brain mitochondrial function in either genotype. Here we report that trait SMF could be a moderator for an individual's response to antidepressant treatment. Based on these results, we propose that in individuals with SMF and comorbid psychopathology, fluoxetine should be avoided, whereas ketamine could be a safer choice of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim L Emmerzaal
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Leah Jacobs
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Morava
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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10
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Emmerzaal TL, Preston G, Geenen B, Verweij V, Wiesmann M, Vasileiou E, Grüter F, de Groot C, Schoorl J, de Veer R, Roelofs M, Arts M, Hendriksen Y, Klimars E, Donti TR, Graham BH, Morava E, Rodenburg RJ, Kozicz T. Impaired mitochondrial complex I function as a candidate driver in the biological stress response and a concomitant stress-induced brain metabolic reprogramming in male mice. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:176. [PMID: 32488052 PMCID: PMC7266820 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-0858-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in bioenergetics, enabling stress adaptation, and therefore, are central in biological stress responses and stress-related complex psychopathologies. To investigate the effect of mitochondrial dysfunction on the stress response and the impact on various biological domains linked to the pathobiology of depression, a novel mouse model was created. These mice harbor a gene trap in the first intron of the Ndufs4 gene (Ndufs4GT/GT mice), encoding the NDUFS4 protein, a structural component of complex I (CI), the first enzyme of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. We performed a comprehensive behavioral screening with a broad range of behavioral, physiological, and endocrine markers, high-resolution ex vivo brain imaging, brain immunohistochemistry, and multi-platform targeted mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Ndufs4GT/GT mice presented with a 25% reduction of CI activity in the hippocampus, resulting in a relatively mild phenotype of reduced body weight, increased physical activity, decreased neurogenesis and neuroinflammation compared to WT littermates. Brain metabolite profiling revealed characteristic biosignatures discriminating Ndufs4GT/GT from WT mice. Specifically, we observed a reversed TCA cycle flux and rewiring of amino acid metabolism in the prefrontal cortex. Next, exposing mice to chronic variable stress (a model for depression-like behavior), we found that Ndufs4GT/GT mice showed altered stress response and coping strategies with a robust stress-associated reprogramming of amino acid metabolism. Our data suggest that impaired mitochondrial CI function is a candidate driver for altered stress reactivity and stress-induced brain metabolic reprogramming. These changes result in unique phenomic and metabolomic signatures distinguishing groups based on their mitochondrial genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim L. Emmerzaal
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Graeme Preston
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA ,grid.265219.b0000 0001 2217 8588Hayward Genetics Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA
| | - Bram Geenen
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Wiesmann
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Elisavet Vasileiou
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Grüter
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Corné de Groot
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Schoorl
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Renske de Veer
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monica Roelofs
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Arts
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Yara Hendriksen
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Klimars
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Brett H. Graham
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
| | - Eva Morava
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA
| | - Richard J. Rodenburg
- grid.10417.330000 0004 0444 9382Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Anatomy, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
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11
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Tengeler AC, Gart E, Wiesmann M, Arnoldussen IAC, van Duyvenvoorde W, Hoogstad M, Dederen PJ, Verweij V, Geenen B, Kozicz T, Kleemann R, Morrison MC, Kiliaan AJ. Propionic acid and not caproic acid, attenuates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and improves (cerebro) vascular functions in obese Ldlr -/- .Leiden mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:9575-9593. [PMID: 32472598 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000455r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The obesity epidemic increases the interest to elucidate impact of short-chain fatty acids on metabolism, obesity, and the brain. We investigated the effects of propionic acid (PA) and caproic acid (CA) on metabolic risk factors, liver and adipose tissue pathology, brain function, structure (by MRI), and gene expression, during obesity development in Ldlr-/- .Leiden mice. Ldlr-/- .Leiden mice received 16 weeks either a high-fat diet (HFD) to induce obesity, or chow as reference group. Next, obese HFD-fed mice were treated 12 weeks with (a) HFD + CA (CA), (b) HFD + PA (PA), or (c) a HFD-control group. PA reduced the body weight and systolic blood pressure, lowered fasting insulin levels, and reduced HFD-induced liver macrovesicular steatosis, hypertrophy, inflammation, and collagen content. PA increased the amount of glucose transporter type 1-positive cerebral blood vessels, reverted cerebral vasoreactivity, and HFD-induced effects in microstructural gray and white matter integrity of optic tract, and somatosensory and visual cortex. PA and CA also reverted HFD-induced effects in functional connectivity between visual and auditory cortex. However, PA mice were more anxious in open field, and showed reduced activity of synaptogenesis and glutamate regulators in hippocampus. Therefore, PA treatment should be used with caution even though positive metabolic, (cerebro) vascular, and brain structural and functional effects were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk C Tengeler
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline Gart
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands.,Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maximilian Wiesmann
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ilse A C Arnoldussen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Wim van Duyvenvoorde
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marloes Hoogstad
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Dederen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robert Kleemann
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martine C Morrison
- Department of Metabolic Health Research, The Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), Leiden, the Netherlands.,Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Preclinical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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12
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Calahorra J, Shenk J, Wielenga VH, Verweij V, Geenen B, Dederen PJ, Peinado MÁ, Siles E, Wiesmann M, Kiliaan AJ. Hydroxytyrosol, the Major Phenolic Compound of Olive Oil, as an Acute Therapeutic Strategy after Ischemic Stroke. Nutrients 2019; 11:E2430. [PMID: 31614692 PMCID: PMC6836045 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of adult disability worldwide. After ischemic stroke, damaged tissue surrounding the irreversibly damaged core of the infarct, the penumbra, is still salvageable and is therefore a target for acute therapeutic strategies. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been shown to lower stroke risk. MD is characterized by increased intake of extra-virgin olive oil, of which hydroxytyrosol (HT) is the foremost phenolic component. This study investigates the effect of an HT-enriched diet directly after stroke on regaining motor and cognitive functioning, MRI parameters, neuroinflammation, and neurogenesis. Stroke mice on an HT diet showed increased strength in the forepaws, as well as improved short-term recognition memory probably due to improvement in functional connectivity (FC). Moreover, mice on an HT diet showed increased cerebral blood flow (CBF) and also heightened expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (Bdnf), indicating a novel neurogenic potential of HT. This result was additionally accompanied by an enhanced transcription of the postsynaptic marker postsynaptic density protein 95 (Psd-95) and by a decreased ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (IBA-1) level indicative of lower neuroinflammation. These results suggest that an HT-enriched diet could serve as a beneficial therapeutic approach to attenuate ischemic stroke-associated damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Calahorra
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Justin Shenk
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Department of Anatomy, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Vera H Wielenga
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Department of Anatomy, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Vivienne Verweij
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Department of Anatomy, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Bram Geenen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Department of Anatomy, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Pieter J Dederen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Department of Anatomy, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - M Ángeles Peinado
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Eva Siles
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
| | - Maximilian Wiesmann
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Department of Anatomy, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Amanda J Kiliaan
- Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition & Behaviour, Radboud Alzheimer Center, Department of Anatomy, Preclinical Imaging Centre PRIME, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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13
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Verheij MMM, Contet C, Karel P, Latour J, van der Doelen RHA, Geenen B, van Hulten JA, Meyer F, Kozicz T, George O, Koob GF, Homberg JR. Median and Dorsal Raphe Serotonergic Neurons Control Moderate Versus Compulsive Cocaine Intake. Biol Psychiatry 2018; 83:1024-1035. [PMID: 29357981 PMCID: PMC5960600 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduced expression of the serotonin transporter (SERT) promotes anxiety and cocaine intake in both humans and rats. We tested the hypothesis that median raphe nucleus (MRN) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) serotonergic projections differentially mediate these phenotypes. METHODS We used virally mediated RNA interference to locally downregulate SERT expression and compared the results with those of constitutive SERT knockout. Rats were allowed either short access (ShA) (1 hour) or long access (LgA) (6 hours) to cocaine self-administration to model moderate versus compulsive-like cocaine taking. RESULTS SERT knockdown in the MRN increased cocaine intake selectively under ShA conditions and, like ShA cocaine self-administration, reduced corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) immunodensity in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. In contrast, SERT knockdown in the DRN increased cocaine intake selectively under LgA conditions and, like LgA cocaine self-administration, reduced CRF immunodensity in the central nucleus of the amygdala. SERT knockdown in the MRN or DRN produced anxiety-like behavior, as did withdrawal from ShA or LgA cocaine self-administration. The phenotype of SERT knockout rats was a summation of the phenotypes generated by MRN- and DRN-specific SERT knockdown. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight a differential role of serotonergic projections arising from the MRN and DRN in the regulation of cocaine intake. We propose that a cocaine-induced shift from MRN-driven serotonergic control of CRF levels in the hypothalamus to DRN-driven serotonergic control of CRF levels in the amygdala may contribute to the transition from moderate to compulsive intake of cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel M M Verheij
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular and Animal Physiology, Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Candice Contet
- Department of Molecular and Animal Physiology, Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Karel
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Judith Latour
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Rick H A van der Doelen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Francisca Meyer
- Department of Neuroscience, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Olivier George
- Department of Molecular and Animal Physiology, Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - George F Koob
- Neurobiology of Addiction Section, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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14
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Stark R, Santos VV, Geenen B, Cabral A, Dinan T, Bayliss JA, Lockie SH, Reichenbach A, Lemus MB, Perello M, Spencer SJ, Kozicz T, Andrews ZB. Des-Acyl Ghrelin and Ghrelin O-Acyltransferase Regulate Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Activation and Anxiety in Response to Acute Stress. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3946-3957. [PMID: 27490185 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ghrelin exists in two forms in circulation, acyl ghrelin and des-acyl ghrelin, both of which have distinct and fundamental roles in a variety of physiological functions. Despite this fact, a large proportion of papers simply measure and refer to plasma ghrelin without specifying the acylation status. It is therefore critical to assess and state the acylation status of plasma ghrelin in all studies. In this study we tested the effect of des-acyl ghrelin administration on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and on anxiety-like behavior of mice lacking endogenous ghrelin and in ghrelin-O-acyltransferase (GOAT) knockout (KO) mice that have no endogenous acyl ghrelin and high endogenous des-acyl ghrelin. Our results show des-acyl ghrelin produces an anxiogenic effect under nonstressed conditions, but this switches to an anxiolytic effect under stress. Des-acyl ghrelin influences plasma corticosterone under both nonstressed and stressed conditions, although c-fos activation in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus is not different. By contrast, GOAT KO are anxious under both nonstressed and stressed conditions, although this is not due to corticosterone release from the adrenals but rather from impaired feedback actions in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, as assessed by c-fos activation. These results reveal des-acyl ghrelin treatment and GOAT deletion have differential effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and anxiety-like behavior, suggesting that anxiety-like behavior in GOAT KO mice is not due to high plasma des-acyl ghrelin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Stark
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Vanessa V Santos
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Bram Geenen
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Agustina Cabral
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Tara Dinan
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Jacqueline A Bayliss
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Sarah H Lockie
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Alex Reichenbach
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Moyra B Lemus
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Mario Perello
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Sarah J Spencer
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Zane B Andrews
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Physiology (R.S., V.V.S., J.A.B., S.H.L., A.R., M.B.L., Z.B.A.), Monash University, Clayton, Australia Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia; Department of Anatomy (B.G.M T.K.), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.) Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council [CONICET] and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires [CIC-PBA]), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences (T.D., S.J.S.), RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3083, Australia; and Hayward Genetics Center (T.K.), Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
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Aschrafi A, Verheijen JM, Gordebeke PM, Olde Loohuis NF, Menting K, Jager A, Palkovits M, Geenen B, Kos A, Martens GJ, Glennon JC, Kaplan BB, Gaszner B, Kozicz T. MicroRNA-326 acts as a molecular switch in the regulation of midbrain urocortin 1 expression. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2016; 41:342-53. [PMID: 27045550 PMCID: PMC5008923 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.150154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered levels of urocortin 1 (Ucn1) in the centrally projecting Edinger-Westphal nucleus (EWcp) of depressed suicide attempters or completers mediate the brain's response to stress, while the mechanism regulating Ucn1 expression is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that microRNAs (miRNAs), which are vital fine-tuners of gene expression during the brain's response to stress, have the capacity to modulate Ucn1 expression. METHODS Computational analysis revealed that the Ucn1 3' untranslated region contained a conserved binding site for miR-326. We examined miR-326 and Ucn1 levels in the EWcp of depressed suicide completers. In addition, we evaluated miR-326 and Ucn1 levels in the serum and the EWcp of a chronic variable mild stress (CVMS) rat model of behavioural despair and after recovery from CVMS, respectively. Gain and loss of miR-326 function experiments examined the regulation of Ucn1 by this miRNA in cultured midbrain neurons. RESULTS We found reduced miR-326 levels concomitant with elevated Ucn1 levels in the EWcp of depressed suicide completers as well as in the EWcp of CVMS rats. In CVMS rats fully recovered from stress, both serum and EWcp miR-326 levels rebounded to nonstressed levels. While downregulation of miR-326 levels in primary midbrain neurons enhanced Ucn1 expression levels, miR-326 overexpression selectively reduced the levels of this neuropeptide. LIMITATIONS This study lacked experiments showing that in vivo alteration of miR-326 levels alleviate depression-like behaviours. We show only correlative data for miR-325 and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript levels in the EWcp. CONCLUSION We identified miR-326 dysregulation in depressed suicide completers and characterized this miRNA as an upstream regulator of the Ucn1 neuropeptide expression in midbrain neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armaz Aschrafi
- Correspondence to: A. Aschrafi, Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
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16
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Janssen CIF, Jansen D, Mutsaers MPC, Dederen PJWC, Geenen B, Mulder MT, Kiliaan AJ. The Effect of a High-Fat Diet on Brain Plasticity, Inflammation and Cognition in Female ApoE4-Knockin and ApoE-Knockout Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155307. [PMID: 27171180 PMCID: PMC4865084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4), one of three common isoforms of ApoE, is a major risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD). ApoE-deficient mice, as well as mice expressing human ApoE4, display impaired learning and memory functions and signs of neurodegeneration. Moreover, ApoE protects against high-fat (HF) diet induced neurodegeneration by its role in the maintenance of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. The influence of a HF diet on the progression of AD-like cognitive and neuropathological changes was assessed in wild-type (WT), human ApoE4 and ApoE-knockout (ApoE-/-) mice to evaluate the modulatory role of ApoE in this process. From 12 months of age, female WT, ApoE4, and ApoE-/- mice were fed either a standard or a HF diet (19% butter, 0.5% cholate, 1.25% cholesterol) throughout life. At 15 months of age mice performed the Morris water maze, evaluating spatial learning and memory. ApoE-/- showed increased spatial learning compared to WT mice (p = 0.009). HF diet improved spatial learning in WT mice (p = 0.045), but did not affect ApoE4 and ApoE-/- mice. Immunohistochemical analyses of the hippocampus demonstrated increased neuroinflammation (CD68) in the cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region in ApoE4 (p = 0.001) and in ApoE-/- (p = 0.032) mice on standard diet. HF diet tended to increase CD68 in the CA1 in WT mice (p = 0.052), while it decreased in ApoE4 (p = 0.009), but ApoE-/- remained unaffected. A trend towards increased neurogenesis (DCX) was found in both ApoE4 (p = 0.052) and ApoE-/- mice (p = 0.068). In conclusion, these data suggest that HF intake induces different effects in WT mice compared to ApoE4 and ApoE-/- with respect to markers for cognition and neurodegeneration. We propose that HF intake inhibits the compensatory mechanisms of neuroinflammation and neurogenesis in aged female ApoE4 and ApoE-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carola I. F. Janssen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Diane Jansen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martina P. C. Mutsaers
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. W. C. Dederen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Monique T. Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Laboratory of Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amanda J. Kiliaan
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition, and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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Emmerzaal T, Geenen B, Scott K, Graham B, Craigen W, Ge M, Morava E, Rodenburg R, Kozicz T. Suboptimal mitochondrial function in depression. Mitochondrion 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.07.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Janssen CI, Zerbi V, Mutsaers MP, de Jong BS, Wiesmann M, Arnoldussen IA, Geenen B, Heerschap A, Muskiet FA, Jouni ZE, van Tol EA, Gross G, Homberg JR, Berg BM, Kiliaan AJ. Impact of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on cognition, motor skills and hippocampal neurogenesis in developing C57BL/6J mice. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:24-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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van der Doelen RHA, Calabrese F, Guidotti G, Geenen B, Riva MA, Kozicz T, Homberg JR. Early life stress and serotonin transporter gene variation interact to affect the transcription of the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, and the co-chaperone FKBP5, in the adult rat brain. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:355. [PMID: 25352794 PMCID: PMC4195371 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The short allelic variant of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) promoter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) has been associated with the etiology of major depression by interaction with early life stress (ELS). A frequently observed endophenotype in depression is the abnormal regulation of levels of stress hormones such as glucocorticoids. It is hypothesized that altered central glucocorticoid influence on stress-related behavior and memory processes could underlie the depressogenic interaction of 5-HTTLPR and ELS. One possible mechanism could be the altered expression of the genes encoding the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors (GR, MR) and their inhibitory regulator FK506-binding protein 51 (FKBP5) in stress-related forebrain areas. To test this notion, we exposed heterozygous (5-HTT+/−) and homozygous (5-HTT−/−) serotonin transporter knockout rats and their wildtype littermates (5-HTT+/+) to daily 3 h maternal separations from postnatal day 2 to 14. In the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus of the adult male offspring, we found that GR, MR, and FKBP5 mRNA levels were affected by ELS × 5-HTT genotype interaction. Specifically, 5-HTT+/+ rats exposed to ELS showed decreased GR and FKBP5 mRNA in the dorsal and ventral mPFC, respectively. In contrast, 5-HTT+/− rats showed increased MR mRNA levels in the hippocampus and 5-HTT−/− rats showed increased FKBP5 mRNA in the ventral mPFC after ELS exposure. These findings indicate that 5-HTT genotype determines the specific adaptation of GR, MR, and FKBP5 expression in response to early life adversity. Therefore, altered extra-hypothalamic glucocorticoid signaling should be considered to play a role in the depressogenic interaction of ELS and 5-HTTLPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick H A van der Doelen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands ; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Francesca Calabrese
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Guidotti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano Milan, Italy
| | - Bram Geenen
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Marco A Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano Milan, Italy
| | - Tamás Kozicz
- Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Judith R Homberg
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen, Netherlands
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- C Popp-Snijders
- Department of Endocrinology, Free University Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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