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Chen J, Sun W, Zhu Y, Zhao F, Deng S, Tian M, Wang Y, Gong Y. TRPV1: The key bridge in neuroimmune interactions. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2024; 4:442-452. [PMID: 39310069 PMCID: PMC11411435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
The nervous and immune systems are crucial in fighting infections and inflammation and in maintaining immune homeostasis. The immune and nervous systems are independent, yet tightly integrated and coordinated organizations. Numerous molecules and receptors play key roles in enabling communication between the two systems. Transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily member 1 (TRPV1) is a non-selective cation channel, recently shown to be widely expressed in the neuroimmune axis and implicated in neuropathic pain, autoimmune disorders, and immune cell function. TRPV1 is a key bridge in neuroimmune interactions, allowing for smooth and convenient communication between the two systems. Here, we discuss the coordinated cross-talking between the immune and nervous systems and the functional role and the functioning manner of the TRPV1 involved. We suggest that TRPV1 provides new insights into the collaborative relationship between the nervous and immune systems, highlighting exciting opportunities for advanced therapeutic approaches to treating neurogenic inflammation and immune-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wenqian Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Youjia Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Shuixiang Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Mi Tian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Ye Gong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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Zeng J, Pan Y, Chaker SC, Torres-Guzman R, Lineaweaver WC, Qi F. Neural and Inflammatory Interactions in Wound Healing. Ann Plast Surg 2024; 93:S91-S97. [PMID: 39101856 DOI: 10.1097/sap.0000000000003933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The skin is an intricate network of both neurons and immunocytes, where emerging evidence has indicated that the regulation of neural-inflammatory processes may play a crucial role in mediating wound healing. Disease associated abnormal immunological dysfunction and peripheral neuropathy are implicated in the pathogenesis of wound healing impairment. However, the mechanisms through which neural-inflammatory interactions modulate wound healing remain ambiguous. Understanding the underlying mechanisms may provide novel insights to develop therapeutic devices, which could manipulate neural-inflammatory crosstalk to aid wound healing. This review aims to comprehensively illustrate the neural-inflammatory interactions during different stages of the repair process. Numerous mediators including neuropeptides secreted by the sensory and autonomic nerve fibers and cytokines produced by immunocytes play an essential part during the distinct phases of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Zeng
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Pan
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sara C Chaker
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ricardo Torres-Guzman
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - William C Lineaweaver
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Fazhi Qi
- From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ha WS, Chu MK. Altered immunity in migraine: a comprehensive scoping review. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:95. [PMID: 38844851 PMCID: PMC11157828 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01800-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of migraine remains unclear; however, a large body of evidence supports the hypothesis that immunological mechanisms play a key role. Therefore, we aimed to review current studies on altered immunity in individuals with migraine during and outside attacks. METHODS We searched the PubMed database to investigate immunological changes in patients with migraine. We then added other relevant articles on altered immunity in migraine to our search. RESULTS Database screening identified 1,102 articles, of which 41 were selected. We added another 104 relevant articles. We found studies reporting elevated interictal levels of some proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-6 and TNF-α. Anti-inflammatory cytokines showed various findings, such as increased TGF-β and decreased IL-10. Other changes in humoral immunity included increased levels of chemokines, adhesion molecules, and matrix metalloproteinases; activation of the complement system; and increased IgM and IgA. Changes in cellular immunity included an increase in T helper cells, decreased cytotoxic T cells, decreased regulatory T cells, and an increase in a subset of natural killer cells. A significant comorbidity of autoimmune and allergic diseases with migraine was observed. CONCLUSIONS Our review summarizes the findings regarding altered humoral and cellular immunological findings in human migraine. We highlight the possible involvement of immunological mechanisms in the pathogenesis of migraine. However, further studies are needed to expand our knowledge of the exact role of immunological mechanisms in migraine pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo-Seok Ha
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Chu
- Department of Neurology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Reel JM, Abbadi J, Cox MA. T cells at the interface of neuroimmune communication. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:894-903. [PMID: 37952833 PMCID: PMC10999355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The immune system protects the host from infection and works to heal damaged tissue after infection or injury. There is increasing evidence that the immune system and the nervous system work in concert to achieve these goals. The sensory nervous system senses injury, infection, and inflammation, which results in a direct pain signal. Direct activation of peripheral sensory nerves can drive an inflammatory response in the skin. Immune cells express receptors for numerous transmitters released from sensory and autonomic nerves, which allows the nervous system to communicate directly with the immune system. This communication is bidirectional because immune cells can also produce neurotransmitters. Both innate and adaptive immune cells respond to neuronal signaling, but T cells appear to be at the helm of neuroimmune communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica M Reel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Okla
| | - Jumana Abbadi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Okla
| | - Maureen A Cox
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Okla; Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Okla.
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5
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Wang DC, Xu WD, Tang YY, Yang C, Li R, Wu GC, Huang AF. Neuropeptide Y, a potential marker for lupus, promotes lupus development. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111272. [PMID: 38006754 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Relationship between neuropeptide Y (NPY) serum levels, NPY genetic mutation with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis is yet to be clarified, and role of NPY in development of SLE needs elucidation. METHOD This study included 460 SLE patients, 472 non-SLE cases, 500 healthy volunteers. Serum NPY, matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and MMP-8 levels were tested by ELISA. Genotyping 7 NPY single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs5573, rs5574, rs16129, rs16138, rs16140, rs16147, rs16478) was obtained by Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) method. Pristane-induced lupus mice were treated with NPY-Y1 receptor antagonist, and histological analysis, serological changes of the mice were evaluated. RESULTS NPY serum concentrations were significantly increased in SLE patients when compared to that in healthy volunteers, non-SLE cases. Rs5573 G allele, rs16129 T allele, rs16147 G allele frequencies were significantly different between SLE cases and healthy controls. Rs5574 TT + TC genotypes were related to levels of IgG, C3, C4 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and rs16138 GG + GC genotypes correlated with SLE cases with anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibody (anti-dsDNA) (+). Serum MMP-1, MMP-8 concentrations were higher in SLE patients, and NPY levels were significantly related to MMP-1, MMP-8 levels. After treatment of lupus mice with NPY-Y1 receptor antagonist, damage of liver, spleen and kidney was alleviated, production of autoantibodies (anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), total IgG, anti-dsDNA) and MMP-1, MMP-8 was down-regulated, and differentiation of CD3+, CD8+ T cells, B cells, monocytes, macrophages, T helper 1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 cells was reversed. CONCLUSION NPY may be a biomarker for lupus, which may promote occurrence and development of lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Cheng Wang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Wang-Dong Xu
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yang-Yang Tang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chan Yang
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Evidence-Based Medicine, Southwest Medical University, 1 Xianglin Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Guo-Cui Wu
- School of Nursing, Anhui Medical University, 15 Feicui Road, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - An-Fang Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China.
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Levite M. Neuro faces of beneficial T cells: essential in brain, impaired in aging and neurological diseases, and activated functionally by neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1165-1178. [PMID: 36453390 PMCID: PMC9838142 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.357903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are essential for a healthy life, performing continuously: immune surveillance, recognition, protection, activation, suppression, assistance, eradication, secretion, adhesion, migration, homing, communications, and additional tasks. This paper describes five aspects of normal beneficial T cells in the healthy or diseased brain. First, normal beneficial T cells are essential for normal healthy brain functions: cognition, spatial learning, memory, adult neurogenesis, and neuroprotection. T cells decrease secondary neuronal degeneration, increase neuronal survival after central nervous system (CNS) injury, and limit CNS inflammation and damage upon injury and infection. Second, while pathogenic T cells contribute to CNS disorders, recent studies, mostly in animal models, show that specific subpopulations of normal beneficial T cells have protective and regenerative effects in several neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. These include Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), stroke, CNS trauma, chronic pain, and others. Both T cell-secreted molecules and direct cell-cell contacts deliver T cell neuroprotective, neuroregenerative and immunomodulatory effects. Third, normal beneficial T cells are abnormal, impaired, and dysfunctional in aging and multiple neurological diseases. Different T cell impairments are evident in aging, brain tumors (mainly Glioblastoma), severe viral infections (including COVID-19), chronic stress, major depression, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, ALS, MS, stroke, and other neuro-pathologies. The main detrimental mechanisms that impair T cell function are activation-induced cell death, exhaustion, senescence, and impaired T cell stemness. Fourth, several physiological neurotransmitters and neuropeptides induce by themselves multiple direct, potent, beneficial, and therapeutically-relevant effects on normal human T cells, via their receptors in T cells. This scientific field is called "Nerve-Driven Immunity". The main neurotransmitters and neuropeptides that induce directly activating and beneficial effects on naïve normal human T cells are: dopamine, glutamate, GnRH-II, neuropeptide Y, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and somatostatin. Fifth, "Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy". This is a novel unique cellular immunotherapy, based on the "Nerve-Driven Immunity" findings, which was recently designed and patented for safe and repeated rejuvenation, activation, and improvement of impaired and dysfunctional T cells of any person in need, by ex vivo exposure of the person's T cells to neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. Personalized adoptive neuro-immunotherapy includes an early ex vivo personalized diagnosis, and subsequent ex vivo → in vivo personalized adoptive therapy, tailored according to the diagnosis. The Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy has not yet been tested in humans, pending validation of safety and efficacy in clinical trials, especially in brain tumors, chronic infectious diseases, and aging, in which T cells are exhausted and/or senescent and dysfunctional.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Levite
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Campus Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel,Institute of Gene Therapy, The Hadassah University Hospital-Ein Karem, Jerusalem, Israel,Correspondence to: Mia Levite, or .
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7
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Baraldi JH, Martyn GV, Shurin GV, Shurin MR. Tumor Innervation: History, Methodologies, and Significance. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1979. [PMID: 35454883 PMCID: PMC9029781 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the nervous system in cancer development and progression has been under experimental and clinical investigation since nineteenth-century observations in solid tumor anatomy and histology. For the first half of the twentieth century, methodological limitations and opaque mechanistic concepts resulted in ambiguous evidence of tumor innervation. Differential spatial distribution of viable or disintegrated nerve tissue colocalized with neoplastic tissue led investigators to conclude that solid tumors either are or are not innervated. Subsequent work in electrophysiology, immunohistochemistry, pathway enrichment analysis, neuroimmunology, and neuroimmunooncology have bolstered the conclusion that solid tumors are innervated. Regulatory mechanisms for cancer-related neurogenesis, as well as specific operational definitions of perineural invasion and axonogenesis, have helped to explain the consensus observation of nerves at the periphery of the tumor signifying a functional role of nerves, neurons, neurites, and glia in tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H. Baraldi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - German V. Martyn
- Biomedical Studies Program, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA;
| | - Galina V. Shurin
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA;
| | - Michael R. Shurin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Division of Clinical Immunopathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Anderson ZT, Dawson AD, Slominski AT, Harris ML. Current Insights Into the Role of Neuropeptide Y in Skin Physiology and Pathology. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:838434. [PMID: 35418942 PMCID: PMC8996770 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.838434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y is widely distributed within the body and has long been implicated as a contributor to skin disease based on the correlative clinical data. However, until recently, there have been few empirical investigations to determine whether NPY has a pathophysiological role in the skin. Due to appearance-altering phenotypes of atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, and vitiligo, those suffering from these diseases often face multiple forms of negative social attention. This often results in psychological stress, which has been shown to exacerbate inflammatory skin diseases - creating a vicious cycle that perpetuates disease. This has been shown to drive severe depression, which has resulted in suicidal ideation being a comorbidity of these diseases. Herein, we review what is currently known about the associations of NPY with skin diseases and stress. We also review and provide educated guessing what the effects NPY can have in the skin. Inflammatory skin diseases can affect physical appearance to have significant, negative impacts on quality of life. No cure exists for these conditions, highlighting the need for identification of novel proteins/neuropetides, like NPY, that can be targeted therapeutically. This review sets the stage for future investigations into the role of NPY in skin biology and pathology to stimulate research on therapeutic targeting NPY signaling in order to combat inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoya T. Anderson
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Alex D. Dawson
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cancer Chemoprevention Program, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Veteran Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Melissa L. Harris
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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Levite M, Goldberg H. Autoimmune Epilepsy - Novel Multidisciplinary Analysis, Discoveries and Insights. Front Immunol 2022; 12:762743. [PMID: 35095841 PMCID: PMC8790247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.762743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy affects ~50 million people. In ~30% of patients the etiology is unknown, and ~30% are unresponsive to anti-epileptic drugs. Intractable epilepsy often leads to multiple seizures daily or weekly, lasting for years, and accompanied by cognitive, behavioral, and psychiatric problems. This multidisciplinary scientific (not clinical) 'Perspective' article discusses Autoimmune Epilepsy from immunological, neurological and basic-science angles. The article includes summaries and novel discoveries, ideas, insights and recommendations. We summarize the characteristic features of the respective antigens, and the pathological activity in vitro and in animal models of autoimmune antibodies to: Glutamate/AMPA-GluR3, Glutamate/NMDA-NR1, Glutamate/NMDA-NR2, GAD-65, GABA-R, GLY-R, VGKC, LGI1, CASPR2, and β2 GP1, found in subpopulations of epilepsy patients. Glutamate receptor antibodies: AMPA-GluR3B peptide antibodies, seem so far as the most exclusive and pathogenic autoimmune antibodies in Autoimmune Epilepsy. They kill neural cells by three mechanisms: excitotoxicity, Reactive-Oxygen-Species, and complement-fixation, and induce and/or facilitate brain damage, seizures, and behavioral impairments. In this article we raise and discuss many more topics and new insights related to Autoimmune Epilepsy. 1. Few autoimmune antibodies tilt the balance between excitatory Glutamate and inhibitory GABA, thereby promoting neuropathology and epilepsy; 2. Many autoantigens are synaptic, and have extracellular domains. These features increase the likelihood of autoimmunity against them, and the ease with which autoimmune antibodies can reach and harm these self-proteins. 3. Several autoantigens have 'frenetic character'- undergoing dynamic changes that can increase their antigenicity; 4. The mRNAs of the autoantigens are widely expressed in multiple organs outside the brain. If translated by default to proteins, broad spectrum detrimental autoimmunity is expected; 5. The autoimmunity can precede seizures, cause them, and be detrimental whether primary or epiphenomenon; 6. Some autoimmune antibodies induce, and associate with, cognitive, behavioral and psychiatric impairments; 7. There are evidences for epitope spreading in Autoimmune Epilepsy; 8. T cells have different 'faces' in the brain, and in Autoimmune Epilepsy: Normal T cells are needed for the healthy brain. Normal T cells are damaged by autoimmune antibodies to Glutamate/AMPA GluR3, which they express, and maybe by additional autoantibodies to: Dopamine-R, GABA-R, Ach-R, Serotonin-R, and Adrenergic-R, present in various neurological diseases (summarized herein), since T cells express all these Neurotransmitter receptors. However, autoimmune and/or cytotoxic T cells damage the brain; 9. The HLA molecules are important for normal brain function. The HLA haplotype can confer susceptibility or protection from Autoimmune Epilepsy; 10. There are several therapeutic strategies for Autoimmune Epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Levite
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
- Goldyne Savad Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hadassa Goldberg
- Epilepsy Center, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Levite M, Safadi R, Milgrom Y, Massarwa M, Galun E. Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides decrease PD-1 in T cells of healthy subjects and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and increase their proliferation and eradication of HCC cells. Neuropeptides 2021; 89:102159. [PMID: 34293596 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2021.102159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
T cells of aged people, and of patients with either cancer or severe infections (including COVID-19), are often exhausted, senescent and dysfunctional, leading to increased susceptibilities, complications and mortality. Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides bind their receptors in T cells, and induce multiple beneficial T cell functions. Yet, T cells of different people vary in the expression levels of Neurotransmitter and Neuropeptide receptors, and in the magnitude of the corresponding effects. Therefore, we performed an individual-based study on T cells of 3 healthy subjects, and 3 Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) patients. HCC usually develops due to chronic inflammation. The inflamed liver induces reduction and inhibition of CD4+ T cells and Natural Killer (NK) cells. Immune-based therapies for HCC are urgently needed. We tested if selected Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides decrease the key checkpoint protein PD-1 in human T cells, and increase proliferation and killing of HCC cells. First, we confirmed human T cells express all dopamine receptors (DRs), and glutamate receptors (GluRs): AMPA-GluR3, NMDA-R and mGluR. Second, we discovered that either Dopamine, Glutamate, GnRH-II, Neuropeptide Y and/or CGRP (10nM), as well as DR and GluR agonists, induced the following effects: 1. Decreased significantly both %PD-1+ T cells and PD-1 expression level per cell (up to 60% decrease, within 1 h only); 2. Increased significantly the number of T cells that proliferated in the presence of HCC cells (up to 7 fold increase), 3. Increased significantly T cell killing of HCC cells (up to 2 fold increase). 4. Few non-conventional combinations of Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides had surprising synergistic beneficial effects. We conclude that Dopamine, Glutamate, GnRH-II, Neuropeptide Y and CGRP, alone or in combinations, can decrease % PD-1+ T cells and PD-1 expression per cell, in T cells of both healthy subjects and HCC patients, and increase their proliferation in response to HCC cells and killing of HCC cells. Yet, testing T cells of many more cancer patients is absolutely needed. Based on these findings and previous ones, we designed a novel "Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy", calling for validation of safety and efficacy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Levite
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Ein Karem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
| | - Rifaat Safadi
- The Liver Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Ein Karem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Yael Milgrom
- The Liver Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Ein Karem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Muhammad Massarwa
- The Liver Unit, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Ein Karem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Eithan Galun
- Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital, Ein Karem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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11
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Hwang DDJ, Lee SJ, Kim JH, Lee SM. The Role of Neuropeptides in Pathogenesis of Dry Dye. J Clin Med 2021; 10:4248. [PMID: 34575359 PMCID: PMC8471988 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10184248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are known as important mediators between the nervous and immune systems. Recently, the role of the corneal nerve in the pathogenesis of various ocular surface diseases, including dry eye disease, has been highlighted. Neuropeptides are thought to be important factors in the pathogenesis of dry eye disease, as suggested by the well-known role between the nervous and immune systems, and several recently published studies have elucidated the previously unknown pathogenic mechanisms involved in the role of the neuropeptides secreted from the corneal nerves in dry eye disease. Here, we reviewed the emerging concept of neurogenic inflammation as one of the pathogenic mechanisms of dry eye disease, the recent results of related studies, and the direction of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Duck-Jin Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, HanGil Eye Hospital, Incheon 21388, Korea;
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 21388, Korea
| | - Seok-Jae Lee
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (S.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hun Kim
- Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Korea; (S.-J.L.); (J.-H.K.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Korea
- Advanced Biomedical Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Sang-Mok Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, HanGil Eye Hospital, Incheon 21388, Korea;
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 21388, Korea
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12
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Nisar S, Yousuf P, Masoodi T, Wani NA, Hashem S, Singh M, Sageena G, Mishra D, Kumar R, Haris M, Bhat AA, Macha MA. Chemokine-Cytokine Networks in the Head and Neck Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094584. [PMID: 33925575 PMCID: PMC8123862 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are aggressive diseases with a dismal patient prognosis. Despite significant advances in treatment modalities, the five-year survival rate in patients with HNSCC has improved marginally and therefore warrants a comprehensive understanding of the HNSCC biology. Alterations in the cellular and non-cellular components of the HNSCC tumor micro-environment (TME) play a critical role in regulating many hallmarks of cancer development including evasion of apoptosis, activation of invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, response to therapy, immune escape mechanisms, deregulation of energetics, and therefore the development of an overall aggressive HNSCC phenotype. Cytokines and chemokines are small secretory proteins produced by neoplastic or stromal cells, controlling complex and dynamic cell-cell interactions in the TME to regulate many cancer hallmarks. This review summarizes the current understanding of the complex cytokine/chemokine networks in the HNSCC TME, their role in activating diverse signaling pathways and promoting tumor progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabah Nisar
- Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar; (S.N.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Parvaiz Yousuf
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal 191201, India;
| | - Tariq Masoodi
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Genetikode 400102, India;
| | - Nissar A. Wani
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal 191201, India;
| | - Sheema Hashem
- Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar; (S.N.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Mayank Singh
- Departmental of Medical Oncology, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Institute Rotary Cancer Hospital, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | | | - Deepika Mishra
- Centre for Dental Education and Research, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Centre for Advanced Research, School of Biotechnology and Indian Council of Medical Research, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra 182320, India;
| | - Mohammad Haris
- Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar; (S.N.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A. Bhat
- Molecular and Metabolic Imaging Laboratory, Cancer Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha 26999, Qatar; (S.N.); (S.H.); (M.H.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.B.); or (M.A.M.); Tel.: +974-40037703 (A.A.B.); +91-8082326900 (M.A.M.)
| | - Muzafar A. Macha
- Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora 192122, India
- Correspondence: (A.A.B.); or (M.A.M.); Tel.: +974-40037703 (A.A.B.); +91-8082326900 (M.A.M.)
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13
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Levite M. T Cells Plead for Rejuvenation and Amplification; With the Brain's Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides We Can Make It Happen. Front Immunol 2021; 12:617658. [PMID: 33868232 PMCID: PMC8044969 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.617658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are essential for eradicating microorganisms and cancer and for tissue repair, have a pro-cognitive role in the brain, and limit Central Nervous System (CNS) inflammation and damage upon injury and infection. However, in aging, chronic infections, acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, cancer, chronic stress, depression and major injury/trauma, T cells are often scarce, exhausted, senescent, impaired/biased and dysfunctional. People with impaired/dysfunctional T cells are at high risk of infections, cancer, other diseases, and eventually mortality, and become multi-level burden on other people, organizations and societies. It is suggested that “Nerve-Driven Immunity” and “Personalized Adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy” may overcome this problem. Natural Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides: Glutamate, Dopamine, GnRH-II, CGRP, Neuropeptide Y, Somatostatin and others, bind their well-characterized receptors expressed on the cell surface of naïve/resting T cells and induce multiple direct, beneficial, and therapeutically relevant effects. These Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides can induce/increase: gene expression, cytokine secretion, integrin-mediated adhesion, chemotactic migration, extravasation, proliferation, and killing of cancer. Moreover, we recently found that some of these Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides also induce rapid and profound decrease of PD-1 in human T cells. By inducing these beneficial effects in naïve/resting T cells at different times after binding their receptors (i.e. NOT by single effect/mechanism/pathway), these Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides by themselves can activate, rejuvenate, and improve T cells. “Personalized Adaptive Neuro-Immunotherapy” is a novel method for rejuvenating and improving T cells safely and potently by Neurotransmitters and Neuropeptides, consisting of personalized diagnostic and therapeutic protocols. The patient’s scarce and/or dysfunctional T cells are activated ex vivo once by pre-selected Neurotransmitters and/or Neuropeptides, tested, and re-inoculated to the patient’s body. Neuro-Immunotherapy can be actionable and repeated whenever needed, and allows other treatments. This adoptive Neuro-Immunotherapy calls for testing its safety and efficacy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia Levite
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.,Institute of Gene Therapy, Hadassah University Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel
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14
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Abstract
The new wave of anti-migraine agents is nothing less than a milestone in our battle to manage this devastating disease. However, concerns have recently increased regarding the safety of these drugs. CGRP, while known as a potent vasodilator, is also a key neural and immune modulator. The roles of CGRP in immune determination, have been studied in depth, with particular focus on its functional significance with respect to common immune challenges i.e., bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infections. This review discusses many potential areas of concern in regard to blocking CGRP function and its potential influence on immune milieus during infection, and the risk of adverse effects. Finally, this review recommends specific measures to be taken into consideration when administering anti-CGRP/CGRPR agents.
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15
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Xie D, Xu Y, Yang Y, Hua Z, Li J, Fu G, Wu Q. Sensory denervation increases potential of bisphosphonates to induce osteonecrosis via disproportionate expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1487:56-73. [PMID: 33301204 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a serious side effect of systematic administration of bisphosphonates (BPs). Sensory innervation is crucial for bone healing. We established inferior alveolar nerve injury (IANI) and inferior alveolar nerve transection (IANT) models characterized by disorganized periosteum, increased osteoclasts, and unbalanced neuropeptide expression. Zoledronate injection disrupted neuropeptide expression in the IANI and IANT models by decreasing calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and increasing substance P (SP); associated with this, BRONJ prevalence was significantly higher in the IANT model, followed by the IANI model and the sham control. CGRP treatment significantly reduced BRONJ occurrence, whereas SP administration had the opposite effect. In vitro, RAW 264.7 cells were treated with BPs and then CGRP and/or SP to study changes in zoledronate toxicity; combined application of CGRP and SP decreased zoledronate toxicity, whereas CGRP or SP applied alone showed no effects. These results demonstrate that sensory denervation facilitates the occurrence of BRONJ and that CGRP used therapeutically may prevent BRONJ progression, provided that SP is also present. Further studies are necessary to determine the optimal ratio of CGRP to SP for promoting bone healing and to uncover the mechanism by which CGRP and SP cooperate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yamei Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ziyi Hua
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Fu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Chen WC, Liu YB, Liu WF, Zhou YY, He HF, Lin S. Neuropeptide Y Is an Immunomodulatory Factor: Direct and Indirect. Front Immunol 2020; 11:580378. [PMID: 33123166 PMCID: PMC7573154 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.580378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY), which is widely distributed in the nervous system, is involved in regulating a variety of biological processes, including food intake, energy metabolism, and emotional expression. However, emerging evidence points to NPY also as a critical transmitter between the nervous system and immune system, as well as a mediator produced and released by immune cells. In vivo and in vitro studies based on gene-editing techniques and specific NPY receptor agonists and antagonists have demonstrated that NPY is responsible for multifarious direct modulations on immune cells by acting on NPY receptors. Moreover, via the central or peripheral nervous system, NPY is closely connected to body temperature regulation, obesity development, glucose metabolism, and emotional expression, which are all immunomodulatory factors for the immune system. In this review, we focus on the direct role of NPY in immune cells and particularly discuss its indirect impact on the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Can Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yi-Bin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Wei-Feng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - He-Fan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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17
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Meßlinger K. [Pathophysiological role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in migraine and cluster headache]. Schmerz 2020; 34:181-187. [PMID: 32103345 DOI: 10.1007/s00482-020-00448-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is released from trigeminal afferents during migraine and cluster headache attacks and can be detected in the jugular plasma. Infusion of CGRP can induce headache attacks in migraine and cluster patients. Inhibition of the CGRP signal system is therapeutic in migraine and cluster headache. CGRP is a potent dilator of intracranial arteries but does not immediately activate the trigeminal pain system. CGRP may act as a signal molecule between different cells in the trigeminal ganglion and enhances nociceptive transmission in the spinal trigeminal nucleus. Peripheral inhibition of the CGRP system reduces these actions. Outside the trigeminovascular system, CGRP is important for maintaining the perfusion of organs in critical situations, promotes growth and repair functions and is an immunomodulatory factor. These actions should be considered when the CGRP system is suppressed for a long time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Meßlinger
- Institut für Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstraße 17, 91054, Erlangen, Deutschland.
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18
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Guadagno E, Russo D, Pignatiello S, Del Basso De Caro M. Inflammation in the neoplasms of the adrenal gland: Is there a prognostic role? An immunohistochemical study. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153070. [PMID: 32825943 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adrenal gland neoplasms are mostly benign. The differential diagnosis between adrenocortical adenoma and carcinoma relies on nine morphologic parameters (Weiss criteria) that are mostly subjective. Although rare, carcinomas represent an aggressive disease that require short time follow-up. For this reason, the diagnosis should be accurate. Neoplasms of the medulla are mostly represented by phaeochromocytomas, all potentially metastatic. Prognostic score systems (GAPP and PASS) have been implemented but not enough objective and useful in borderline cases. More objective parameters should be introduced. Little is known in literature on the inflammatory response in these tumors. Aim of our study was the definition (type, density and distribution) of inflammation in the adrenal neoplasms. MATERIAL AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry for CD45 (inflammatory cells), CD20 (B cells) and CD3 (T cells) antibodies was performed in 15 adrenocortical neoplasms and 17 phaeochromocytomas. A manual count of the signal was set for each marker, to establish the cellular type, their density (cells/mm2) and location within the tumor. Fisher's exact test was applied to assess the correlation between the immunoscore and clinico-pathologic parameters. RESULTS The difference of cellular density between the three markers was statistically significant (p value = 0.0028), with highest values for CD45 and CD3. No differences were detected between the periphery and the center of the lesions. The most relevant finding was the detection of a higher immunoscore in adrenocortical adenomas, compared to carcinomas. Moreover, most of phaeochromocytomas showed high expression of inflammation, except the only metastatic case. CONCLUSIONS The present study showed that inflammation could represent a valuable diagnostic and potential prognostic parameter, useful for the correct management of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Guadagno
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5- 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Daniela Russo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5- 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Pignatiello
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5- 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Marialaura Del Basso De Caro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5- 80131, Naples, Italy
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19
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Laumet G, Ma J, Robison AJ, Kumari S, Heijnen CJ, Kavelaars A. T Cells as an Emerging Target for Chronic Pain Therapy. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:216. [PMID: 31572125 PMCID: PMC6749081 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is critically involved in the development and maintenance of chronic pain. However, T cells, one of the main regulators of the immune response, have only recently become a focus of investigations on chronic pain pathophysiology. Emerging clinical data suggest that patients with chronic pain have a different phenotypic profile of circulating T cells compared to controls. At the preclinical level, findings on the function of T cells are mixed and differ between nerve injury, chemotherapy, and inflammatory models of persistent pain. Depending on the type of injury, the subset of T cells and the sex of the animal, T cells may contribute to the onset and/or the resolution of pain, underlining T cells as a major player in the transition from acute to chronic pain. Specific T cell subsets release mediators such as cytokines and endogenous opioid peptides that can promote, suppress, or even resolve pain. Inhibiting the pain-promoting functions of T cells and/or enhancing the beneficial effects of pro-resolution T cells may offer new disease-modifying strategies for the treatment of chronic pain, a critical need in view of the current opioid crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffroy Laumet
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States.,Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jiacheng Ma
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alfred J Robison
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Susmita Kumari
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Cobi J Heijnen
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Annemieke Kavelaars
- Laboratories of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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20
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Rosenberg KM, Singh NJ. Mouse T cells express a neurotransmitter-receptor signature that is quantitatively modulated in a subset- and activation-dependent manner. Brain Behav Immun 2019; 80:275-285. [PMID: 30953766 PMCID: PMC6660347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotransmitters are known to modulate the course of an immune response by targeting cells in both the innate and adaptive immune systems. Increasing evidence suggests that T cells, by expressing specific neurotransmitter receptors (NR) are directly regulated by them, leading to altered activation and skewed differentiation of the adaptive immune response. Given that gene expression in T cells changes in lineage- and activation-dependent fashion, it is expected that sensitivity to neurotransmitters may also vary along these lines. Here we generate an important resource for further analysis of this tier of immunoregulation, by identifying the distinct profile of NR transcripts that are expressed by peripheral T cells in mice, at different states of activation and differentiation. We find that only about 15% of the total annotated NR genes are transcribed in these T cells and most of them do not change in different subsets of T cells (CD8, CD4 - Naïve vs Memory vs Treg), or even when T cells migrate to different tissues. We suggest that the T cell-expressed NRs, found across all these subsets identifies a core, constitutive NR signature for the T cell lineage. In contrast, a very limited number (<2) of NRs were observed to mark each of the post-activation T cell states, suggesting that very specific neurotransmitter signals are available to modulate T cell responses in vivo in these subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Rosenberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HH 320A, 660 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Nevil J Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HH 320A, 660 W Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
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21
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Xu Y, Xia M, Chen T, Yang Y, Fu G, Ji P, Wu Q. Inferior alveolar nerve transection disturbs innate immune responses and bone healing after tooth extraction. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2019; 1448:52-64. [PMID: 31095746 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Xu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education Chongqing China
| | - Mengnan Xia
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education Chongqing China
| | - Tao Chen
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education Chongqing China
| | - Yao Yang
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education Chongqing China
| | - Gang Fu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education Chongqing China
| | - Ping Ji
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education Chongqing China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical SciencesChongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education Chongqing China
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22
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Chesné J, Cardoso V, Veiga-Fernandes H. Neuro-immune regulation of mucosal physiology. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:10-20. [PMID: 30089849 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-018-0063-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mucosal barriers constitute major body surfaces that are in constant contact with the external environment. Mucosal sites are densely populated by a myriad of distinct neurons and immune cell types that sense, integrate and respond to multiple environmental cues. In the recent past, neuro-immune interactions have been reported to play central roles in mucosal health and disease, including chronic inflammatory conditions, allergy and infectious diseases. Discrete neuro-immune cell units act as building blocks of this bidirectional multi-tissue cross-talk, ensuring mucosal tissue health and integrity. Herein, we will focus on reciprocal neuro-immune interactions in the airways and intestine. Such neuro-immune cross-talk maximizes sensing and integration of environmental aggressions, which can be considered an important paradigm shift in our current views of mucosal physiology and immune regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Chesné
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vânia Cardoso
- Champalimaud Research, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038, Lisboa, Portugal
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23
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Li W, Li L, Chopp M, Venkat P, Zacharek A, Chen Z, Landschoot-Ward J, Yan T, Chen J. Intracerebral Hemorrhage Induces Cardiac Dysfunction in Mice Without Primary Cardiac Disease. Front Neurol 2018; 9:965. [PMID: 30524357 PMCID: PMC6256175 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a life threatening stroke subtype and a worldwide health problem. In this study, we investigate brain-heart interaction after ICH in mice and test whether ICH induces cardiac dysfunction in the absence of primary cardiac disease. We also investigate underlying mechanisms such as oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in mediating cardiac dysfunction post-ICH in mice. Methods: Male, adult (3–4 m) C57BL/6J mice were subjected to sham surgery or ICH using an autologous blood injection model (n = 16/group). Cardiac function was evaluated at 7 and 28 days after ICH using echocardiography (n = 8/group per time point). Western blot and immunostaining analysis were employed to assess oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the heart. Results: Mice subjected to ICH exhibited significantly decreased cardiac contractile function measured by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) at 7 and 28 days after ICH compared to sham-control mice (p < 0.05). ICH induced cardiac dysfunction was significantly worse at 28 days than at 7 days after ICH (p < 0.05). ICH in mice significantly increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, inflammatory factor expression and inflammatory cell infiltration in heart tissue, and induced cardiac oxidative stress at 7 days post-ICH compared to sham-control mice. Compared to sham-control mice, ICH-mice also exhibited significantly increased (p < 0.05) cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis at 28 days after ICH. Conclusions: ICH induces significant and progressive cardiac dysfunction in mice. ICH increases cardiac oxidative stress and inflammatory factor expression in heart tissue which may play key roles in ICH-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in CNS, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in CNS, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States.,Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Poornima Venkat
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Alex Zacharek
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Zhili Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in CNS, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China.,Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
| | | | - Tao Yan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Neurological Institute, Neurology, Key Laboratory of Post-Neurotrauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in CNS, Ministry of Education and Tianjin City, Tianjin, China
| | - Jieli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, United States
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24
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Liu Z, Wang L, Lv Z, Zhou Z, Wang W, Li M, Yi Q, Qiu L, Song L. The Cholinergic and Adrenergic Autocrine Signaling Pathway Mediates Immunomodulation in Oyster Crassostrea gigas. Front Immunol 2018. [PMID: 29535711 PMCID: PMC5834419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly clear that neurotransmitters impose direct influence on regulation of the immune process. Recently, a simple but sophisticated neuroendocrine-immune (NEI) system was identified in oyster, which modulated neural immune response via a "nervous-hemocyte"-mediated neuroendocrine immunomodulatory axis (NIA)-like pathway. In the present study, the de novo synthesis of neurotransmitters and their immunomodulation in the hemocytes of oyster Crassostrea gigas were investigated to understand the autocrine/paracrine pathway independent of the nervous system. After hemocytes were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, acetylcholine (ACh), and norepinephrine (NE) in the cell supernatants, both increased to a significantly higher level (2.71- and 2.40-fold, p < 0.05) comparing with that in the control group. The mRNA expression levels and protein activities of choline O-acetyltransferase and dopamine β-hydroxylase in hemocytes which were involved in the synthesis of ACh and NE were significantly elevated at 1 h after LPS stimulation, while the activities of acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase, two enzymes essential in the metabolic inactivation of ACh and NE, were inhibited. These results demonstrated the existence of the sophisticated intracellular machinery for the generation, release and inactivation of ACh and NE in oyster hemocytes. Moreover, the hemocyte-derived neurotransmitters could in turn regulate the mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) genes, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and lysosome, and hemocyte phagocytosis. The phagocytic activities of hemocytes, the mRNA expressions of TNF and the activities of key immune-related enzymes were significantly changed after the block of ACh and NE receptors with different kinds of antagonists, suggesting that autocrine/paracrine self-regulation was mediated by transmembrane receptors on hemocyte. The present study proved that oyster hemocyte could de novo synthesize and release cholinergic and adrenergic neurotransmitters, and the hemocyte-derived ACh/NE could then execute a negative regulation on hemocyte phagocytosis and synthesis of immune effectors with similar autocrine/paracrine signaling pathway identified in vertebrate macrophages. Findings in the present study demonstrated that the immune and neuroendocrine system evolved from a common origin and enriched our knowledge on the evolution of NEI system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqun Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Meijia Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qilin Yi
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Limei Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China.,Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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25
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Foster SL, Seehus CR, Woolf CJ, Talbot S. Sense and Immunity: Context-Dependent Neuro-Immune Interplay. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1463. [PMID: 29163530 PMCID: PMC5675863 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The sensory nervous and immune systems, historically considered autonomous, actually work in concert to promote host defense and tissue homeostasis. These systems interact with each other through a common language of cell surface G protein-coupled receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases as well as cytokines, growth factors, and neuropeptides. While this bidirectional communication is adaptive in many settings, helping protect from danger, it can also become maladaptive and contribute to disease pathophysiology. The fundamental logic of how, where, and when sensory neurons and immune cells contribute to either health or disease remains, however, unclear. Our lab and others’ have begun to explore how this neuro-immune reciprocal dialog contributes to physiological and pathological immune responses and sensory disorders. The cumulative results collected so far indicate that there is an important role for nociceptors (noxious stimulus detecting sensory neurons) in driving immune responses, but that this is highly context dependent. To illustrate this concept, we present our findings in a model of airway inflammation, in which nociceptors seem to have major involvement in type 2 but not type 1 adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simmie L Foster
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Depression Clinical Research Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Corey R Seehus
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Clifford J Woolf
- F.M. Kirby Neurobiology Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sébastien Talbot
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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26
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Wang M, Zhao J, Zhang L, Wei F, Lian Y, Wu Y, Gong Z, Zhang S, Zhou J, Cao K, Li X, Xiong W, Li G, Zeng Z, Guo C. Role of tumor microenvironment in tumorigenesis. J Cancer 2017; 8:761-773. [PMID: 28382138 PMCID: PMC5381164 DOI: 10.7150/jca.17648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 888] [Impact Index Per Article: 126.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a complex and dynamic process, consisting of three stages: initiation, progression, and metastasis. Tumors are encircled by extracellular matrix (ECM) and stromal cells, and the physiological state of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is closely connected to every step of tumorigenesis. Evidence suggests that the vital components of the TME are fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, neuroendocrine cells, adipose cells, immune and inflammatory cells, the blood and lymphatic vascular networks, and ECM. This manuscript, based on the current studies of the TME, offers a more comprehensive overview of the primary functions of each component of the TME in cancer initiation, progression, and invasion. The manuscript also includes primary therapeutic targeting markers for each player, which may be helpful in treating tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maonan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jingzhou Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Lishen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Fang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yingfeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Zhaojian Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Ke Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Xiayu Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Can Guo
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nonresolving Inflammation and Cancer, Disease Genome Research Center, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
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27
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Ringer C, Tune S, Bertoune MA, Schwarzbach H, Tsujikawa K, Weihe E, Schütz B. Disruption of calcitonin gene-related peptide signaling accelerates muscle denervation and dampens cytotoxic neuroinflammation in SOD1 mutant mice. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:339-358. [PMID: 27554772 PMCID: PMC11107523 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2337-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal motor neuron disease. Neuronal vacuolization and glial activation are pathologic hallmarks in the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mouse model of ALS. Previously, we found the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) associated with vacuolization and astrogliosis in the spinal cord of these mice. We now show that CGRP abundance positively correlated with the severity of astrogliosis, but not vacuolization, in several motor and non-motor areas throughout the brain. SOD1 mice harboring a genetic depletion of the βCGRP isoform showed reduced CGRP immunoreactivity associated with vacuolization, while motor functions, body weight, survival, and astrogliosis were not altered. When CGRP signaling was completely disrupted through genetic depletion of the CGRP receptor component, receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1), hind limb muscle denervation, and loss of muscle performance were accelerated, while body weight and survival were not affected. Dampened neuroinflammation, i.e., reduced levels of astrogliosis in the brain stem already in the pre-symptomatic disease stage, and reduced microgliosis and lymphocyte infiltrations during the late disease phase were additional neuropathology features in these mice. On the molecular level, mRNA expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and those of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) were elevated, while those of several pro-inflammatory cytokines found reduced in the brain stem of RAMP1-deficient SOD1 mice at disease end stage. Our results thus identify an important, possibly dual role of CGRP in ALS pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Ringer
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University, Robert-Koch-Strasse 8, 35037, Marburg, Germany
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Sarah Tune
- Department of Physiology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mirjam A Bertoune
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Hans Schwarzbach
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kazutake Tsujikawa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eberhard Weihe
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University, Robert-Koch-Strasse 8, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Burkhard Schütz
- Department of Molecular Neurosciences, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Philipps-University, Robert-Koch-Strasse 8, 35037, Marburg, Germany.
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28
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Immunomodulatory Effects Mediated by Dopamine. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:3160486. [PMID: 27795960 PMCID: PMC5067323 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3160486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA), a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), has modulatory functions at the systemic level. The peripheral and central nervous systems have independent dopaminergic system (DAS) that share mechanisms and molecular machinery. In the past century, experimental evidence has accumulated on the proteins knowledge that is involved in the synthesis, reuptake, and transportation of DA in leukocytes and the differential expression of the D1-like (D1R and D5R) and D2-like receptors (D2R, D3R, and D4R). The expression of these components depends on the state of cellular activation and the concentration and time of exposure to DA. Receptors that are expressed in leukocytes are linked to signaling pathways that are mediated by changes in cAMP concentration, which in turn triggers changes in phenotype and cellular function. According to the leukocyte lineage, the effects of DA are associated with such processes as respiratory burst, cytokine and antibody secretion, chemotaxis, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity. In clinical conditions such as schizophrenia, Parkinson disease, Tourette syndrome, and multiple sclerosis (MS), there are evident alterations during immune responses in leukocytes, in which changes in DA receptor density have been observed. Several groups have proposed that these findings are useful in establishing clinical status and clinical markers.
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29
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Montgomery DL. Distribution and Cellular Heterogeneity of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Viral Antigen Expression in the Brain of Persistently Infected Calves: A New Perspective. Vet Pathol 2016; 44:643-54. [PMID: 17846236 DOI: 10.1354/vp.44-5-643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Persistent infection following in utero exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) early in gestation is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality in cattle industries worldwide. The brain is a primary target of persistent infection. In the current study, the types of cells infected and topography of viral antigen expression were examined in brain sections from 9 BVDV persistently infected crossbred calves, all less than 1 year of age, by immunohistochemical staining using the 15C5 primary monoclonal antibody. BVDV antigen was detected in the brains of all persistently infected calves. A variety of cell types was infected, including neurons, astrocytes, oligodendroglia, blood vessel-associated cells (pericytes, perivascular macrophages, smooth muscle cells), and cells in the leptomeninges (blood vessel-associated cells). Conclusive demonstration of viral antigen in vascular endothelial cells was elusive. The intensity and distribution of viral antigen staining in neurons were highly variable. Viral antigen staining was most consistent and intense in thalamic nuclei, most notably in dorsal and medial nuclear groups, followed by the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, basal nuclei, and piriform cortex. Staining in other brain areas was often less intense and inconsistent. The variability in the intensity and topography of viral antigen in the brain may explain the heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations of BVDV-induced disease. Additionally, infection of the brain in persistently infected calves may underlie or at least contribute to endocrine disturbances and immunologic deficits that are protean manifestations of BVDV-induced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Montgomery
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82070, USA.
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30
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Di Giovangiulio M, Verheijden S, Bosmans G, Stakenborg N, Boeckxstaens GE, Matteoli G. The Neuromodulation of the Intestinal Immune System and Its Relevance in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Immunol 2015; 6:590. [PMID: 26635804 PMCID: PMC4653294 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the main tasks of the immune system is to discriminate and appropriately react to “danger” or “non-danger” signals. This is crucial in the gastrointestinal tract, where the immune system is confronted with a myriad of food antigens and symbiotic microflora that are in constant contact with the mucosa, in addition to any potential pathogens. This large number of antigens and commensal microflora, which are essential for providing vital nutrients, must be tolerated by the intestinal immune system to prevent aberrant inflammation. Hence, the balance between immune activation versus tolerance should be tightly regulated to maintain intestinal homeostasis and to prevent immune activation indiscriminately against all luminal antigens. Loss of this delicate equilibrium can lead to chronic activation of the intestinal immune response resulting in intestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In order to maintain homeostasis, the immune system has evolved diverse regulatory strategies including additional non-immunological actors able to control the immune response. Accumulating evidence strongly indicates a bidirectional link between the two systems in which the brain modulates the immune response via the detection of circulating cytokines and via direct afferent input from sensory fibers and from enteric neurons. In the current review, we will highlight the most recent findings regarding the cross-talk between the nervous system and the mucosal immune system and will discuss the potential use of these neuronal circuits and neuromediators as novel therapeutic tools to reestablish immune tolerance and treat intestinal chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Di Giovangiulio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Simon Verheijden
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Goele Bosmans
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Nathalie Stakenborg
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Guy E Boeckxstaens
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Gianluca Matteoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
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31
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McMahon SB, Russa FL, Bennett DLH. Crosstalk between the nociceptive and immune systems in host defence and disease. Nat Rev Neurosci 2015; 16:389-402. [DOI: 10.1038/nrn3946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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Slota C, Shi A, Chen G, Bevans M, Weng NP. Norepinephrine preferentially modulates memory CD8 T cell function inducing inflammatory cytokine production and reducing proliferation in response to activation. Brain Behav Immun 2015; 46:168-79. [PMID: 25653192 PMCID: PMC4414741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Norepinephrine (NE) is one of the primary catecholamines of the sympathetic nervous system released during a stress response and plays an important role in modulating immune function. NE binds to the adrenergic receptors on immune cells, including T cells, resulting in either suppressed or enhanced function depending on the type of cell, activation status of the cell, duration of NE exposure and concentration of NE. Here, we aim to analyze the effects of NE on the functionality of naïve (Tn), central memory (Tcm) and effector memory (Tem) CD8 T cells. METHODS We isolated CD8 T cell subsets from healthy human adults and treated cells in vitro with NE (1×10(-6)M) for 16h; we then stimulated NE treated and untreated CD8 T cell subsets with antibodies for CD3 and CD28 for 24 and 72h. We assessed the level of beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) expression in these cells as well as global gene expression changes in NE treated Tcm cells by microarray analysis. Altered expressed genes after NE treatment were identified and further confirmed by RT-qPCR, and by ELISA for protein changes. We further determined whether the observed NE effects on memory CD8 T cells are mediated by ADRB2 using specific adrenergic receptor agonist and antagonists. Finally, we examined the levels of mRNA and protein of the NE-induced genes in healthy adults with high serum levels of NE (>150pg/mL) compared to low levels (<150pg/mL). RESULTS We found that memory (Tcm and Tem) CD8 T cells expressed a significantly higher level of ADRB2 compared to naïve cells. Consequently, memory CD8 T cells were significantly more sensitive than naïve cells to NE induced changes in gene expressions in vitro. Global gene expression analysis revealed that NE induced an elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in resting and activated memory CD8 T cells in addition to a reduced expression of growth-related cytokines. The effects of NE on memory CD8 T cells were primarily mediated by ADRB2 as confirmed by the adrenergic receptor agonist and antagonist assays. Finally, individuals with high serum levels of NE had similar elevated gene expressions observed in vitro compared to the low NE group. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that NE preferentially modulates the functions of memory CD8 T cells by inducing inflammatory cytokine production and reducing activation-induced memory CD8 T cell expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Slota
- School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania,Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | - Alvin Shi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | - Guobing Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | - Margaret Bevans
- Nursing Department, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
| | - Nan-ping Weng
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Immunology, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, United States.
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33
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Gaddam SSK, Buell T, Robertson CS. Systemic manifestations of traumatic brain injury. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2015; 127:205-18. [PMID: 25702219 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-52892-6.00014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects functioning of various organ systems in the absence of concomitant non-neurologic organ injury or systemic infection. The systemic manifestations of TBI can be mild or severe and can present in the acute phase or during the recovery phase. Non-neurologic organ dysfunction can manifest following mild TBI or severe TBI. The pathophysiology of systemic manifestations following TBI is multifactorial and involves an effect on the autonomic nervous system, involvement of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, release of inflammatory mediators, and treatment modalities used for TBI. Endocrine dysfunction, electrolyte imbalance, and respiratory manifestations are common following TBI. The influence of TBI on systemic immune response, coagulation cascade, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal system, and other systems is becoming more evident through animal studies and clinical trials. Systemic manifestations can independently act as risk factors for mortality and morbidity following TBI. Some conditions like neurogenic pulmonary edema and disseminated intravascular coagulation can adversely affect the outcome. Early recognition and treatment of systemic manifestations may improve the clinical outcome following TBI. Further studies are required especially in the field of neuroimmunology to establish the role of various biochemical cascades, not only in the pathophysiology of TBI but also in its systemic manifestations and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Buell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
Mucosal immunity defends the ocular surface against antigenic challenge and microbial invasion. The principal effector site is the lacrimal gland, where immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibodies are produced. Nasal-associated lymphoid tissue and posterior cervical lymph nodes function as major inductive sites for tear IgA responses. Neural connections and systemic hormones maintain the integrity and function of the ocular surface. Neuroenzyme activities in the lacrimal gland are influenced by ocular infections, leading to reduced expression of acetylcholine and modulation of receptors on acinar cells and on plasma cells, thereby decreasing fluid and immunoglobulin secretion. T lymphocyte-dependent responses result in production of interleukin-4 in lacrimal glands, thereby influencing cholinergic enzyme activity affecting immune processes and lacrimal physiology. Furthermore, neuropeptides released into lymphoid structures or inflamed tissues are chemotactic for antigen-presenting cells and affect their interactions with T cells. Thus, in developing therapeutic approaches for treating dry-eye conditions and vaccination strategies to elicit protective ocular mucosal immune responses, the entire lacrimal functional unit should be considered.
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35
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Assas BM, Miyan JA, Pennock JL. Cross-talk between neural and immune receptors provides a potential mechanism of homeostatic regulation in the gut mucosa. Mucosal Immunol 2014; 7:1283-9. [PMID: 25183366 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2014.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between elements of the immune system and the nervous system in the presence of bacteria has been addressed recently. In particular, the sensory vanilloid receptor 1 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1)) and the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) have been found to modulate cytokine response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) independently of adaptive immunity. In this review we discuss mucosal homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract where bacterial concentration is high. We propose that the Gram-negative bacterial receptor Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) can activate TRPV1 via intracellular signaling, and thereby induce the subsequent release of anti-inflammatory CGRP to maintain mucosal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Assas
- 1] Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia [2] Faculty of Medicine and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J A Miyan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J L Pennock
- Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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36
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Towards Neuroimmunotherapy for Cancer: the Neurotransmitters Glutamate, Dopamine and GnRH-II augment substantially the ability of T cells of few Head and Neck cancer patients to perform spontaneous migration, chemotactic migration and migration towards the autologous tumor, and also elevate markedly the expression of CD3zeta and CD3epsilon TCR-associated chains. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 121:1007-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1242-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Assas BM, Pennock JI, Miyan JA. Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a key neurotransmitter in the neuro-immune axis. Front Neurosci 2014; 8:23. [PMID: 24592205 PMCID: PMC3924554 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2014.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The question of how the neural and immune systems interact in host defense is important, integrating a system that senses the whole body with one that protects. Understanding the mechanisms and routes of control could produce novel and powerful ways of promoting and enhancing normal functions as well as preventing or treating abnormal functions. Fragmentation of biological research into specialities has resulted in some failures in recognizing and understanding interactions across different systems and this is most striking across immunology, hematology, and neuroscience. This reductionist approach does not allow understanding of the in vivo orchestrated response generated through integration of all systems. However, many factors make the understanding of multisystem cross-talk in response to a threat difficult, for instance the nervous and immune systems share communication molecules and receptors for a wide range of physiological signals. But, it is clear that physical, hard-wired connections exist between the two systems, with the key link involving sensory, unmyelinated nerve fibers (c fibers) containing the neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and modified macrophages, mast cells and other immune and host defense cells in various locations throughout the body. In this review we will therefore focus on the induction of CGRP and its key role in the neuroimmune axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakri M Assas
- Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester Manchester, UK ; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joanne I Pennock
- Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, The University of Manchester Manchester, UK
| | - Jaleel A Miyan
- Neurosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, The University of Manchester Manchester, UK
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Trudler D, Weinreb O, Mandel SA, Youdim MBH, Frenkel D. DJ-1 deficiency triggers microglia sensitivity to dopamine toward a pro-inflammatory phenotype that is attenuated by rasagiline. J Neurochem 2014; 129:434-47. [PMID: 24355073 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.12633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DJ-1 is an oxidative stress sensor that localizes to the mitochondria when the cell is exposed to oxidative stress. DJ-1 mutations that result in gene deficiency are linked to increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Activation of microglial stress conditions that are linked to PD may result in neuronal death. We postulated that DJ-1 deficiency may increase microglial neurotoxicity. We found that down-regulation of DJ-1 in microglia using an shRNA approach increased cell sensitivity to dopamine as measured by secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-6. Furthermore, we discovered that DJ-1-deficient microglia had increased monoamine oxidase activity that resulted in elevation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide leading to increased dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Rasagaline, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor approved for treatment of PD, reduced the microglial pro-inflammatory phenotype and significantly reduced neurotoxicity. Moreover, we discovered that DJ-1-deficient microglia have reduced expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), previously suggested as a risk factor for pro-inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Further studies of DJ-1-mediated cellular pathways in microglia may contribute useful insights into the development of PD providing future avenues for therapeutic intervention
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorit Trudler
- Department of Neurobiology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Sun Z, Smyth K, Garcia K, Mattson E, Li L, Xiao Z. Nicotine inhibits memory CTL programming. PLoS One 2013; 8:e68183. [PMID: 23844169 PMCID: PMC3699522 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0068183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine is the main tobacco component responsible for tobacco addiction and is used extensively in smoking and smoking cessation therapies. However, little is known about its effects on the immune system. We confirmed that multiple nicotinic receptors are expressed on mouse and human cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and demonstrated that nicotinic receptors on mouse CTLs are regulated during activation. Acute nicotine presence during activation increases primary CTL expansion in vitro, but impairs in vivo expansion after transfer and subsequent memory CTL differentiation, which reduces protection against subsequent pathogen challenges. Furthermore, nicotine abolishes the regulatory effect of rapamycin on memory CTL programming, which can be attributed to the fact that rapamycin enhances expression of nicotinic receptors. Interestingly, naïve CTLs from chronic nicotine-treated mice have normal memory programming, which is impaired by nicotine during activation in vitro. In conclusion, simultaneous exposure to nicotine and antigen during CTL activation negatively affects memory development.
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MESH Headings
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Gene Expression/drug effects
- Gene Expression/immunology
- Humans
- Immunologic Memory/drug effects
- Immunologic Memory/immunology
- Immunosuppressive Agents/immunology
- Immunosuppressive Agents/pharmacology
- Lymphocyte Activation/genetics
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Congenic
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Nicotine/immunology
- Nicotine/pharmacology
- Receptors, Nicotinic/genetics
- Receptors, Nicotinic/immunology
- Receptors, Nicotinic/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Sirolimus/immunology
- Sirolimus/pharmacology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Sun
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kendra Smyth
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Karla Garcia
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Elliot Mattson
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Zhengguo Xiao
- Department of Animal and Avian Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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40
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Peters EM, Liezmann C, Klapp BF, Kruse J. The neuroimmune connection interferes with tissue regeneration and chronic inflammatory disease in the skin. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2012; 1262:118-26. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06647.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Micó JC, Amigó S, Caselles A. Changing the general factor of personality and the c-fos gene expression with methylphenidate and self-regulation therapy. THE SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2012; 15:850-67. [PMID: 22774458 DOI: 10.5209/rev_sjop.2012.v15.n2.38896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A deepening in the biological nature of the general factor of personality (GFP) is suggested: the activation level of the stress system is here represented by the gene expression of c-fos. The results of a single case experimental design are reported. A model of four coupled differential equations that explains the human personality dynamics as a consequence of a single stimulant drug intake has been fitted to psychological and biological experimental data. The stimulant-drug conditioning and its adaptation to the considered mathematical model is also studied for both kinds of measures. The dynamics of the c-fos expression presents a similar pattern to the dynamics of the psychological measures of personality assessed by the GFP-FAS (Five-Adjective Scale of the General Factor of Personality) as a consequence of a single dose of stimulant drug (methylphenidate). The model predicts similar dynamic patterns for both psychological and biological measures. This study proves that describing mathematically the dynamics of the effects of a stimulant drug as well as the effects of a conditioning method on psychological or subjective variables and on gene expression is possible. It verifies the existence of biological mechanisms underlying the dynamics of the General Factor of Personality (GFP).
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42
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The intriguing mission of neuropeptide Y in the immune system. Amino Acids 2011; 45:41-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1185-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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NMDA Receptors are Expressed in Lymphocytes Activated Both In Vitro and In Vivo. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2010; 30:901-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-010-9519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Strell C, Sievers A, Bastian P, Lang K, Niggemann B, Zänker KS, Entschladen F. Divergent effects of norepinephrine, dopamine and substance P on the activation, differentiation and effector functions of human cytotoxic T lymphocytes. BMC Immunol 2009; 10:62. [PMID: 19968887 PMCID: PMC2794263 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-10-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Neurotransmitters are important regulators of the immune system, with very distinct and varying effects on different leukocyte subsets. So far little is known about the impact of signals mediated by neurotransmitters on the function of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Therefore, we investigated the influence of norepinephrine, dopamine and substance P on the key tasks of CD8+ T lymphocytes: activation, migration, extravasation and cytotoxicity. Results The activation of naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes by CD3/CD28 cross-linking was inhibited by norepinephrine and dopamine, which was caused by a downregulation of interleukin (IL)-2 expression via Erk1/2 and NF-κB inhibition. Furthermore, all of the investigated neurotransmitters increased the spontaneous migratory activity of naïve CD8+ T lymphocytes with dopamine being the strongest inducer. In contrast, activated CD8+ T lymphocytes showed a reduced migratory activity in the presence of norepinephrine and substance P. With regard to extravasation we found norepinephrine to induce adhesion of activated CD8+ T cells: norepinephrine increased the interleukin-8 release from endothelium, which in turn had effect on the activated CXCR1+ CD8+ T cells. At last, release of cytotoxic granules from activated cells in response to CD3 cross-linking was not influenced by any of the investigated neurotransmitters, as we have analyzed by measuring the β-hexosamidase release. Conclusion Neurotransmitters are specific modulators of CD8+ T lymphocytes not by inducing any new functions, but by fine-tuning their key tasks. The effect can be either stimulatory or suppressive depending on the activation status of the cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Strell
- Institute of Immunology, Witten/Herdecke University, 58448 Witten, Germany.
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45
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Antúnez C, Torres M, López S, Rodriguez-Pena R, Blanca M, Mayorga C, Santamaría-Babi L. Calcitonin gene-related peptide modulates interleukin-13 in circulating cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen-positive T cells in patients with atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 2009; 161:547-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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46
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Ahangari G, Shariati G, Asadi M, Ostadali M, Ahmadkhaniha H. Novel Mutation Detection of Regulatory Molecule Dopamine Gene Receptors (D1–D5) Encoding Analysis on Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Schizophrenia Patients. EUR J INFLAMM 2009. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x0900700304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is much evidence which highlights the involvement of the dopamine system in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Recently, there have been reports of detected mutations in dopamine gene receptors in genomic DNA of schizophrenia. In this study, we attempt to determine whether there is mutation in encoding dopamine receptor. The PBMC was separated from whole blood by Ficoll-hypaque; the total cellular RNA was extracted and the cDNA was synthesized. This process followed by real-time PCR using primer pairs specific for five dopamine receptor mRNAs and β-actin as internal control. The results show the presence of all types of dopamine receptor types in lymphocytes. The mutational analysis of the obtained PCR products for the respective dopamine receptor fragments were analyzed by sequenced capillary system. The results presented in this study confirm the high frequency of mutations in dopamine gene receptor DRD5 in schizophrenia patients. Mutational amino acid changes in dopamine gene receptors of DR2, DR3, DR4 but not DR1 are also shown. In conclusion, this is the first report of such complete mutational analyses in all dopamine gene receptors. Moreover, we found new mutations and 80% frequency of mutations in DRD5. These data further strengthen the argument for the role of dopamine gene receptor mutations in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Ahangari
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran
| | - G.H. Shariati
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran
- Department of Genetics & Biology, Jundishahpour Medical Science University, Ahwaz
| | - M.R. Asadi
- Department of Psychiatry, Rozheh Hospital, Tehran Medical University, Tehran
| | - M.R. Ostadali
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Shariati Hospital, Tehran Medical University, Tehran
| | - H.R. Ahmadkhaniha
- Tehran Psychiatric Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran; World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Mental Health, Tehran, Iran
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Veres TZ, Shevchenko M, Krasteva G, Spies E, Prenzler F, Rochlitzer S, Tschernig T, Krug N, Kummer W, Braun A. Dendritic cell-nerve clusters are sites of T cell proliferation in allergic airway inflammation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2009; 174:808-17. [PMID: 19179611 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between T cells and dendritic cells in the airway mucosa precede secondary immune responses to inhaled antigen. The purpose of this study was to identify the anatomical locations where dendritic cell-T cell interactions occur, resulting in T cells activation by dendritic cells. In a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation, we applied whole-mount immunohistology and confocal microscopy to visualize dendritic cells and T cells together with nerves, epithelium, and smooth muscle in three dimensions. Proliferating T cells were identified by the detection of the incorporation of the nucleotide analogue 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine into the DNA. We developed a novel quantification method that enabled the accurate determination of cell-cell contacts in a semi-automated fashion. Dendritic cell-T cell interactions occurred beneath the smooth muscle layer, but not in the epithelium. Approximately 10% of the dendritic cells were contacted by nerves, and up to 4% of T cells formed clusters with these dendritic cells. T cells that were clustered with nerve-contacting dendritic cells proliferated only in the airways of mice with allergic inflammation but not in the airways of negative controls. Taken together, these results suggest that during the secondary immune response, sensory nerves influence dendritic cell-driven T cell activation in the airway mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Z Veres
- Dept. of Immunology, Allergology, and Immunotoxicology, Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nikolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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48
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Receptor mosaics of neural and immune communication: Possible implications for basal ganglia functions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 58:400-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2007.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Revised: 10/09/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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49
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The cancer's nervous tooth: Considering the neuronal crosstalk within tumors. Semin Cancer Biol 2008; 18:171-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2007.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2007] [Accepted: 12/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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50
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Biros D. Anterior Chamber-Associated Immune Deviation. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2008; 38:309-21, vi-vii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2007.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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