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Barone Lumaga R, Tagliamonte S, De Rosa T, Valentino V, Ercolini D, Vitaglione P. Consumption of a sourdough-leavened croissant enriched with a blend of fibers influences fasting blood glucose in a randomized controlled trial in healthy subjects. J Nutr 2024:S0022-3166(24)00466-8. [PMID: 39179206 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An incorrect lifestyle, including diet, is responsible for the worldwide dramatic increase in obesity and type 2-diabetes. Increasing dietary fiber consumption may lead to health benefits and reformulation of bakery products may be a strategy to globally improve the diet. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the impact of a two-week breakfast consumption with a sourdough-leavened croissant containing a blend of dietary fiber from 10 sources (4.8g/100g, FIBCRO), compared to a control croissant (dietary fibers 1.3g/100g, CONCRO) on daily energy intake, appetite, metabolic variables, and the gut microbiome. METHODS Thirty-two healthy participants were randomly allocated in two groups consuming FIBCRO or CONCRO. Participants self-recorded their diet and appetite through 7-day weighted food diaries and visual analogue scales every day over the two weeks. At baseline and after the intervention, fasting blood and urine samples, and fecal samples were collected beside blood pressure, anthropometry, and body composition. Serum glucose, lipids, C-reactive protein, and insulin according to the official methods and serum dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPPIV) activity by photometric method were measured. Polyphenols and urolithins in urines were analyzed by LC/MS/MS whereas gut microbiome in feces by shotgun metagenomics. RESULTS FIBCRO consumption improved fasting blood glucose compared to CONCRO (mean changes from baseline -2.0 mg/dL in FIBCRO vs +3.1 mg/dL in CONCRO, p=0.022), also reducing serum DPPIV activity by 1.7 IU/L (p=0.01) and increasing urinary excretion of urolithin A-sulfate by 6.9 ng/mg creatinine (p=0.04) compared to baseline. No further changes in any of monitored variables or in the gut microbiome were detected. CONCLUSIONS Results suggested that a two-week consumption of a sourdough croissant claimed as "source of dietary fiber" improved fasting glycemia compared to a conventional sourdough croissant in healthy subjects. The reduced serum DPPIV activity and increased bioavailability of urolithin likely contributed to determine that effect independently from gut microbiome changes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NUMBER AND WEBSITE WHERE IT WAS OBTAINED NCT04999280 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Barone Lumaga
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Silvia Tagliamonte
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | | | - Vincenzo Valentino
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Danilo Ercolini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Vitaglione
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Portici, Italy; Task Force on Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Naples, Italy.
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Maiuolo J, Bulotta RM, Ruga S, Nucera S, Macrì R, Scarano F, Oppedisano F, Carresi C, Gliozzi M, Musolino V, Mollace R, Muscoli C, Mollace V. The Postbiotic Properties of Butyrate in the Modulation of the Gut Microbiota: The Potential of Its Combination with Polyphenols and Dietary Fibers. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6971. [PMID: 39000076 PMCID: PMC11240906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a diverse bacterial community consisting of approximately 2000 species, predominantly from five phyla: Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia. The microbiota's bacterial species create distinct compounds that impact the host's health, including well-known short-chain fatty acids. These are produced through the breakdown of dietary fibers and fermentation of undigested carbohydrates by the intestinal microbiota. The main short-chain fatty acids consist of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. The concentration of butyrate in mammalian intestines varies depending on the diet. Its main functions are use as an energy source, cell differentiation, reduction in the inflammatory process in the intestine, and defense against oxidative stress. It also plays an epigenetic role in histone deacetylases, thus helping to reduce the risk of colon cancer. Finally, butyrate affects the gut-brain axis by crossing the brain-blood barrier, making it crucial to determine the right concentrations for both local and peripheral effects. In recent years, there has been a significant amount of attention given to the role of dietary polyphenols and fibers in promoting human health. Polyphenols and dietary fibers both play crucial roles in protecting human health and can produce butyrate through gut microbiota fermentation. This paper aims to summarize information on the key summits related to the negative correlation between intestinal microbiota diversity and chronic diseases to guide future research on determining the specific activity of butyrate from polyphenols and dietary fibers that can carry out these vital functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Maiuolo
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Rosa Maria Bulotta
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Stefano Ruga
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Saverio Nucera
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Roberta Macrì
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Federica Scarano
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Francesca Oppedisano
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Cristina Carresi
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Micaela Gliozzi
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Musolino
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Rocco Mollace
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy;
| | - Carolina Muscoli
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Mollace
- IRC-FSH Center, Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Germaneto, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (R.M.B.); (S.R.); (S.N.); (R.M.); (F.S.); (F.O.); (C.C.); (M.G.); (V.M.); (C.M.); (V.M.)
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy;
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Castelnuovo G, Perez-Diaz-Del-Campo N, Rosso C, Armandi A, Caviglia GP, Bugianesi E. A Healthful Plant-Based Diet as an Alternative Dietary Approach in the Management of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. Nutrients 2024; 16:2027. [PMID: 38999775 PMCID: PMC11243448 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets (PBDs) are gaining attention as a sustainable and health-conscious alternative for managing various chronic conditions, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In the absence of pharmacological treatments, exploring the potential of lifestyle modifications to improve biochemical and pathological outcomes becomes crucial. The adoption of PBDs has demonstrated beneficial effects such as weight control, increased metabolic health and improved coexisting diseases. Nonetheless, challenges persist, including adherence difficulties, ensuring nutritional adequacy, and addressing potential deficiencies. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the impact of PBDs on MASLD, emphasizing the need for tailored dietary interventions with professional support to optimize their effectiveness in preventing and treating metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chiara Rosso
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo Armandi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Nishikori S, Fujita S. Association of fat-to-muscle mass ratio with physical activity and dietary protein, carbohydrate, sodium, and fiber intake in a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10631. [PMID: 38724633 PMCID: PMC11082163 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Higher fat-to-muscle mass ratio (FMR) is reported to be a risk factor for various diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases, and mortality. Although this association suggests that reducing FMR may help to prevent certain diseases and mortality, the relationship between FMR and lifestyle factors is unclear. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional study with the aim to elucidate this relationship. This cross-sectional study included 1518 healthy Japanese adults aged 30 to 64 years. We measured FMR in the whole body, arms, legs, and trunk and assessed various lifestyle factors. Then, we performed forced entry multiple regression analyses for FMR with the following variables: sex, age, physical activity, dietary intake, sleep quality, cigarette smoking, stress levels, and body mass index. As a result, whole-body and regional FMRs were correlated with female sex (β = 0.71); age (β = 0.06); physical activity (β = - 0.07); dietary intake of protein (β = - 0.12), carbohydrate (β = 0.04), sodium (β = 0.13), and fiber (β = - 0.16); and body mass index (β = 0.70). The results suggest that in the Japanese middle-aged population, low FMR is associated with certain lifestyle factors, i.e. higher physical activity and a diet with higher protein and fiber and lower carbohydrate and sodium, independent of age, sex, and body mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Nishikori
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Japan
- Frontier Research Center, POLA Chemical Industries, Inc., 560 Kashio-cho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Nojihigashi, Kusatsu, Japan.
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Xia P, Zheng Y, Sun L, Chen W, Shang L, Li J, Hou T, Li B. Regulation of glycose and lipid metabolism and application based on the colloidal nutrition science properties of konjac glucomannan: A comprehensive review. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 331:121849. [PMID: 38388033 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of dietary fiber in the gastrointestinal tract, such as hydration properties, adsorption properties, rheological properties, have an important influence on the physiological process of host digestion and absorption, leading to the differences in satiety and glucose and lipid metabolisms. Based on the diversified physicochemical properties of konjac glucomannan (KGM), it is meaningful to review the relationship of structural characteristics, physicochemical properties and glycose and lipid metabolism. Firstly, this paper bypassed the category of intestinal microbes, and explained the potential of dietary fiber in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism during nutrient digestion and absorption from the perspective of colloidal nutrition. Secondly, the modification methods of KGM to regulate its physicochemical properties were discussed and the relationship between KGM's molecular structure types and glycose and lipid metabolism were summarized. Finally, based on the characteristics of KGM, the application of KGM in the main material and ingredients of fat reduction food was reviewed. We hope this work could provide theoretical basis for the study of dietary fiber colloid nutrition science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengkui Xia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wenxin Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Longchen Shang
- College of Biological and Food Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518000, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen 518000, China; Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China.
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Kim J, Baek Y, Lee S. Consumption of dietary fiber and APOA5 genetic variants in metabolic syndrome: baseline data from the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort Study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:19. [PMID: 38581036 PMCID: PMC10998362 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-024-00793-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consumption of dietary fiber has been suggested as an important aspect of a healthy diet to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), including cardiovascular disease. The role of fiber intake in MetS might differ by individual genetic susceptibility. APOA5 encodes a regulator of plasma triglyceride levels, which impacts the related mechanisms of MetS. This study investigated the association between dietary fiber and the risk of MetS, assessing their associations according to APOA5 genetic variants. METHODS A total of 1985 participants aged 30-55 years were included from a cross-sectional study based on the Korean Medicine Daejeon Citizen Cohort study at baseline (2017-2019). Dietary fiber intake was measured using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. The APOA5 polymorphisms (rs2266788 A > G, rs662799 A > G, and rs651821 T > C) were genotyped using the Asia Precision Medicine Research Array. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). RESULTS A higher consumption of dietary fiber was associated with a lower prevalence of MetS (P = 0.025). Among the components of MetS, an inverse association with dietary fiber was observed in increased waist circumference (OR, 95% CI = 0.60, 0.41-0.88, P for trend = 0.009) and elevated triglycerides (OR, 95% CI = 0.69, 0.50-0.96, P for trend = 0.012). Regarding the interaction with APOA5 genetic variants, a stronger association with dietary fiber intake was shown in G allele carriers of rs662799 than in A/A carriers (OR, 95% CI = 2.34, 1.59-3.44, P for interaction = 0.024) and in C allele carriers of rs651821 than in T/T carriers (OR, 95% CI = 2.35, 1.59-3.46, P for interaction = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that the benefits of dietary fiber on the risk of MetS could be modified by genetic variants of the APOA5 gene, providing a more effective strategy for preventing MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimi Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, 20 Changwondaehak-ro, Uichang-gu, 51140, Changwon, Gyeongnam, South Korea
| | - Younghwa Baek
- Korean Medicine Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, 34054, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Siwoo Lee
- Korean Medicine Data Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, 34054, Daejeon, South Korea.
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Bacha AA, Suhail M, Awwad FA, Ismail EAA, Ahmad H. Role of dietary fiber and lifestyle modification in gut health and sleep quality. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1324793. [PMID: 38633603 PMCID: PMC11022964 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1324793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber has an immense role in the gut microbiome by modulating juvenile growth, immune system maturation, glucose, and lipid metabolism. Lifestyle changes might disrupt gut microbiota symbiosis, leading to various chronic diseases with underlying inflammatory conditions, obesity, and its associated pathologies. An interventional study of 16 weeks examined the impact of psyllium husk fiber with and without lifestyle modification on gut health and sleep quality in people with central obesity (men = 60 and women = 60), those aged from 40 to 60 years, those having WC ≥ 90 cm (men) and WC ≥ 80 cm (women), and no history of any chronic disease or regular medication. The participants were subgrouped into three intervention groups, namely, the psyllium husk fiber (PSH) group, the lifestyle modification (LSM) group, and the LSM&PSH group and control group with equal gender bifurcation (men = 15 and women = 15). A 24-h dietary recall, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) symptoms, and sleep quality analysis data were collected on validated questionnaires. The analyses of variance and covariance were used for baseline and post-intervention, respectively. Student's t-test was applied for pre- and post-intervention changes on the variable of interest. The intervention effect on GIT health was highly significant (P < 0.001). The mean GIT scores of the LSM, PSH, and LSM&PSH groups were 2.99 ± 0.14, 2.49 ± 0.14, and 2.71 ± 0.14, respectively, compared to the mean GIT scores of the control group. No significant (P = 0.205) effect of either intervention was observed on sleep quality. The study concluded that psyllium husk fiber significantly improved the GIT symptoms, while no significant effect of the intervention was observed on sleep quality analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amjad Ali Bacha
- Department of Human Nutrition, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Amir Muhammad Khan Campus Mardan, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Suhail
- Amir Muhammad Khan Campus Mardan, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Fuad A. Awwad
- Department of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad A. A. Ismail
- Department of Quantitative Analysis, College of Business Administration, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hijaz Ahmad
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Mishref, Kuwait
- Department of Computer Science and Mathematics, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Section of Mathematics, International Telematic University Uninettuno, Rome, Italy
- Near East University, Operational Research Center in Healthcare, Nicosia, Türkiye
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Gerber S, Silver RE, Das SK, Greene SS, Dix SR, Ramirez I, Morcos CL, Dao MC, Ceglia L, Roberts SB. Development and Feasibility of an eHealth Diabetes Prevention Program Adapted for Older Adults-Results from a Randomized Control Pilot Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:930. [PMID: 38612963 PMCID: PMC11154527 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle programs that reduce health risks and support weight loss (WL) in older adults face adherence and attendance challenges due to reduced energy requirements, impaired mobility, lack of transportation, and low social support. Tailored lifestyle and weight management programs are needed to better support healthy aging for older adults. Here, we developed and piloted an age-adapted, remotely delivered modification of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). The modification includes age-appropriate goals, visuals, and examples; flexible dietary composition; remote classroom and fitness-monitoring technology; and standardized online classroom materials employing pedagogical and behavior change theory. The modifications were designed to safeguard fidelity and to boost adherence, engagement, and knowledge integration, with the convenience of a fully remote WL program for diverse older adults. Six-month pilot data are presented from older adults (55-85 years, body mass index (BMI) 27-39.9 kg/m2, N = 20) randomly allocated to an online DPP intervention with weight, diet, and activity monitored remotely, or into a waitlisted control. The intervention achieved 100% attendance and adherence to self-monitoring. The intervention group mean (±SD) body weight change was -9.5% (±4.1); 90% lost ≥ 5%. By contrast, the control group gained 2.4% (±1.8). Once thought incompatible with older adults, remote interventions are feasible for older adults and can support fidelity, adherence, engagement, and clinically significant WL. Standardized materials are provided for future implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzannah Gerber
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA (S.S.G.); (S.R.D.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Rachel E. Silver
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Sai Krupa Das
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA (S.S.G.); (S.R.D.); (C.L.M.)
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Savana S. Greene
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA (S.S.G.); (S.R.D.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Sadie R. Dix
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA (S.S.G.); (S.R.D.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Isabella Ramirez
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA (S.S.G.); (S.R.D.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Christina L. Morcos
- Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA (S.S.G.); (S.R.D.); (C.L.M.)
| | - Maria Carlota Dao
- Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA;
| | - Lisa Ceglia
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Susan B. Roberts
- Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, 1 Rope Ferry Rd., Hanover, NH 03755, USA;
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Nazari M, Mirzaie K, Keshavarz S. Association between Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS) and some novel anthropometric indices, including Body Roundness Index (BRI), A Body Shape Index (ABSI), Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), and Body Adiposity Index (BAI), in Iranian women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Womens Health 2024; 24:172. [PMID: 38475785 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthropometry is a reliable method to assess obesity status, and previous studies have shown the association of several dietary quality scores with obesity using anthropometric indices. This study aimed to evaluate the association between LLDS and anthropometric measurements. METHODS A total of 217 women between the ages of 18 and 48 participated in the study. Anthropometric values, biochemical tests, and body composition were assessed for each participant using standard protocols and methods. The LLDS was determined based on 12 components using a reliable and valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that contained 147 items. RESULTS We detected a marginally significant inverse association between the LLDS and VAI scores in the second tertile. Study participants in the second tertile of LLDS had lower odds of having high VAI than those in the reference tertile after adjusting for age, energy intake, physical activity, education, and economic status (OR: -0.16; 95% CI: -0.8, 0.06; P = 0.06). There was no statistically significant trend for the association between LLDS and all assessed anthropometric indices, including BRI, ABSI, VAI, and BAI, across tertiles of LLDS in the crude and all adjusted models (P-trend > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS There was no significant association between LLDS and some novel anthropometric indices, including BRI, ABSI, VAI, and BAI. However, after adjusting for probable confounders, a marginally significant inverse association between LLDS and VAI was detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Nazari
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaie
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyedali Keshavarz
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Jessri M, Jacobs A, Ng AP, Bennett C, Quinlan A, Nutt C, Brown J, Hennessy D, Manuel DG. Development and Evaluation of the Dietary Pattern Calculator (DiPaC) for Personalized Assessment and Feedback. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2024; 85:25-31. [PMID: 37824093 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2023-013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to develop and validate a diet assessment screener - the Dietary Pattern Calculator (DiPaC). A scoping review identified currently available short diet quality assessment tools. Twenty-one articles covering 19 unique tools were included. The current tools mainly focused on individual nutrients or food groups or were developed for a specific population, and few ascertained overall dietary patterns. The 24-hour dietary recalls from the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)-Nutrition 2015 (n = 13,958) were used to derive and validate a personalized dietary pattern informed by the scoping review using weighted partial least squares. The dominant dietary pattern in CCHS-Nutrition 2015 was characterized by high consumption of fast foods, carbonated drinks, and salty snacks and low consumption of whole fruits, orange vegetables, other vegetables and juices, whole grains, dark green vegetables, legumes, and soy. The dietary pattern assessment was used to create and evaluate DiPaC following an agile and user-centred research and development approach. DiPaC, which demonstrated high validity and intermediate reliability (internal consistency = 0.47-0.51), is publicly available at https://www.projectbiglife.ca/. DiPaC can be used by the public, clinicians, and researchers for quick and robust assessment of diet quality, providing immediate feedback with the advantage of being easy to implement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Jessri
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia
- Centre for Health Services and Policy Research (CHSPR), Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia
| | - Adelia Jacobs
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia
| | - Alena Praneet Ng
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Carol Bennett
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Alison Quinlan
- Food, Nutrition and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia
| | - Charlotte Nutt
- Ottawa Hospital Bariatric Centre of Excellence, Ottawa, ON
| | - Jennifer Brown
- Ottawa Hospital Bariatric Centre of Excellence, Ottawa, ON
- Executive Member of the Dietitians of Canada Diabetes Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease Network
| | - Deirdre Hennessy
- Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Government of Canada, Ottawa, ON
| | - Douglas G Manuel
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON
- Health Analysis Division, Statistics Canada, Government of Canada, Ottawa, ON
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Ottawa, ON
- C.T. Lamont Primary Health Care Research Centre Program, Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, ON
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
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11
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Valenčič E, Beckett E, Collins CE, Koroušić Seljak B, Bucher T. Changing the default order of food items in an online grocery store may nudge healthier food choices. Appetite 2024; 192:107072. [PMID: 37797817 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.107072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Restructuring food environments, such as online grocery stores, has the potential to improve consumer health by encouraging healthier food choices. The aim of this study was to investigate whether repositioning foods within an experimental online grocery store can be used to nudge healthier choices. Specifically, we investigated whether repositioning product categories displayed on the website main page, and repositioning individual products within those categories, will influence selection. Adults residing in Australia (n = 175) were randomised to either intervention (high-fibre foods on top) or comparator condition (high-fibre foods on the bottom). Participants completed a shopping task using the experimental online grocery store, with a budget of up to AU$100 to for one person's weekly groceries. The results of this study show that the total fibre content per 100 kcal per cart (p < .001) and total fibre content per cart (p = .036) was higher in the intervention compared to comparator condition. Moreover, no statistical difference between conditions was found for the total number of fibre-source foods (p = .67), the total energy per cart (p = .17), and the total grocery price per cart (p = .70) indicating no evidence of implications for affordability. Approximately half of the participants (48%) reported that they would like to have the option to sort foods based on a specific nutrient criterion when shopping online. This study specifically showed that presenting higher-fibre products and product categories higher up on the online grocery store can increase the fibre content of customers' purchases. These findings have important implications for consumers, digital platform operators, researchers in health and food domains, and for policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Valenčič
- University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Food and Nutrition Research Program, NSW, 2305, Australia; Jožef Stefan Institute, Computer Systems Department, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia.
| | - Emma Beckett
- University of Newcastle, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Food and Nutrition Research Program, NSW, 2305, Australia; Department of Science, Nutrition Research Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- University of Newcastle, School of Health Sciences, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Food and Nutrition Research Program, NSW, 2305, Australia
| | - Barbara Koroušić Seljak
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Computer Systems Department, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia; Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Tamara Bucher
- University of Newcastle, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, Food and Nutrition Research Program, NSW, 2305, Australia
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12
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Aktas-Akyildiz E. Effect of wheat bran and whole wheat flour on manti quality. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20220044. [PMID: 38126429 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320220044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat bran and whole wheat flour are excellent dietary fibre (DF) sources which are widely used in food industry to produce high fibre food products. Although they are successfully utilized in several cereal based food formulations, there is no report regarding their use in manti which is a traditional Turkish food consumed all over the country. This study aimed to investigate the effects of wheat bran and whole wheat flour on the nutritional and cooking quality of manti. Samples were produced in an industrial plant and evaluated in terms of DF, phytic acid, in vitro glycemic index (GI), color and cooking quality (cooking loss, cooking time, weight increase). Although an increase was observed in phytic acid contents of manti produced from wheat bran or whole wheat flour, their DF contents increased without any adverse effect on cooking quality compared to control manti produced from refined flour. Besides, whole wheat flour resulted in a significant decrease in GI. The outcomes of this study demonstrates the applicability of wheat bran and whole wheat flour for industrial-scale production of manti with a good nutritional profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Aktas-Akyildiz
- Hitit University, Food Engineering Department, Cevre Yolu Bulvari, No:8, 19030, Çorum, Turkey
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13
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Tan LJ, Shin S. Low Greenhouse Gas Emission Self-Selective Diets and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Adults 40 and Older: A Prospective Cohort Study in South Korea. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:117010. [PMID: 37976131 PMCID: PMC10655912 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The food system accounts for ∼ 40 % of human-generated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Meanwhile, daily diet selection also impacts human nutrition status and health. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to use the alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score to evaluate the quality of a low-GHG emission diet and the association with risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS A total of 41,659 healthy participants without MetS 40 y of age or older were selected from the Health Examinees Study, an ongoing cohort study in South Korea from 2004. A dietary GHG emissions database was compiled following a national project and literature review. MetS was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program. The participants were grouped into quintiles based on 2,000 kcal -standardized daily diet-GHG emissions (Q1: the lowest energy-adjusted diet-GHG emissions). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the risk for MetS at follow-up. The aMED score was used to assess the diet quality of the different diet-related GHG emission groups. RESULTS Females with lower energy-adjusted diet-related GHG emissions had significantly lower risks of developing MetS (p = 0.0043 ) than those with the highest energy-adjusted diet-related GHG emissions. In addition, the Q1 group, in comparison with the other groups, had a higher aMED score (3.02 for males and 3.00 for females), which indicated that the participants in this group had a diet that more closely matched the Mediterranean diet. DISCUSSION These findings provide a reference for dietary guidance and other policies aimed toward improving dietary intake and reducing diet-related GHG emissions in South Korea and worldwide. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12727.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Tan
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangah Shin
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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14
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Ramirez MR, Manuale D, Yori JC. Assessment of effectiveness of oral supplementation of isolated fiber of carrot on metabolic parameters in mature rats. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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15
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Nikrad N, Hosseini B, Pakmehr A, Tousi AZ, Ardekani AM, Farhangi MA, Akhavan-Sigari R. Dietary carbohydrate quality index (CQI), cardio-metabolic risk factors and insulin resistance among adults with obesity. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:171. [PMID: 37568117 PMCID: PMC10416415 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01420-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS), as a cluster of cardiometabolic risk factors, is a global public health concern due to its increasing prevalence. Considering the previous evidence of the association between carbohydrate quality and cardiometabolic risk factors, our study was aimed to evaluate any possible association between carbohydrate quality index (CQI) and cardiometabolic risk factors among obese adults. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 336 apparently healthy individuals with obesity were participated. Dietary intake was assessed by a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), including 168 food items validated for the Iranian population. CQI was calculated with three components of solid carbohydrates to total carbohydrates ratio, dietary fiber intake, and dietary glycemic index (GI). Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer and enzymatic methods were used to evaluate serum lipid, glucose, and insulin concentrations. RESULTS Subjects in the third quartile of CQI had significantly lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P = 0.03) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P = 0.01). Participants in the higher quartiles of CQI had more intake of energy, carbohydrates, fat, saturated fatty acid (SFA), and mono-saturated fatty acid (MUFA) (P < 0.05). Moreover, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was decreased in the second quartile of CQI [odds ratio (OR) = 0.146, P = 0.01) after adjustment for age, body mass index (BMI), sex, physical activity, socioeconomic status (SES) and energy intake. CONCLUSION According to our findings, a higher quality of dietary carbohydrates, determined by CQI, could be associated with a lower risk of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Nikrad
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Babak Hosseini
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azin Pakmehr
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ayda Zahiri Tousi
- Razavi Cancer Research Center, Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abnoos Mokhtari Ardekani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Science, & Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | | | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
- Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Amoah I, Ascione A, Muthanna FMS, Feraco A, Camajani E, Gorini S, Armani A, Caprio M, Lombardo M. Sustainable Strategies for Increasing Legume Consumption: Culinary and Educational Approaches. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112265. [PMID: 37297509 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Legumes are nutrient-dense crops with health-promoting benefits. However, several barriers are associated with their consumption. Emerging issues including food neophobic tendencies or taboos, unclear dietary guidelines on legume consumption, health concerns, and socio-economic reasons, as well as long cooking procedures, adversely affect legume consumption frequency. Pre-treatment methods, including soaking, sprouting, and pulse electric field technology, are effective in reducing the alpha-oligosaccharides and other anti-nutritional factors, eventually lowering cooking time for legumes. Extrusion technology used for innovative development of legume-enriched products, including snacks, breakfast cereals and puffs, baking and pasta, represents a strategic way to promote legume consumption. Culinary skills such as legume salads, legume sprouts, stews, soups, hummus, and the development of homemade cake recipes using legume flour could represent effective ways to promote legume consumption. This review aims to highlight the nutritional and health effects associated with legume consumption, and strategies to improve their digestibility and nutritional profile. Additionally, proper educational and culinary approaches aimed to improve legumes intake are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Amoah
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi 0023351, Ghana
| | - Angela Ascione
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Fares M S Muthanna
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology-Aden, Alshaab Street, Enmaa City 22003, Yemen
| | - Alessandra Feraco
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Camajani
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Gorini
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Armani
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Caprio
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Lombardo
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
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17
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Jenko Pražnikar Z, Mohorko N, Gmajner D, Kenig S, Petelin A. Effects of Four Different Dietary Fibre Supplements on Weight Loss and Lipid and Glucose Serum Profiles during Energy Restriction in Patients with Traits of Metabolic Syndrome: A Comparative, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112122. [PMID: 37297364 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and its associated complications require various lifestyle changes and treatment options. Dietary supplements are considered an attractive alternative to traditional therapy, mainly because they are accessible to the general population. The aim of this study was to investigate the additive effects of a combination of energy restriction (ER) and four dietary supplements on changes in the anthropometric and biochemical parameters in 100 overweight or obese participants who were randomly assigned one of the dietary fibre supplements containing different dietary fibres or a placebo for 8 weeks. The results confirmed that fibre supplements plus ER significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and visceral fat and ameliorated the lipid profile and inflammation at 4 and 8 weeks after the start of the study, while in the placebo group, significant differences in some parameters were observed only after 8 weeks of ER. A fibre supplement containing glucomannan, inulin, psyllium, and apple fibre was the most effective at reducing the BMI, body weight, and CRP (p = 0.018 for BMI and body weight and p = 0.034 for CRP compared to placebo at the end of the intervention). Overall, the results suggest that dietary fibre supplements in combination with ER may have additional effects on weight loss and the metabolic profile. Therefore, taking dietary fibre supplements may be a feasible approach to improve weight and metabolic health in obese and overweight individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nina Mohorko
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
| | | | - Saša Kenig
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
| | - Ana Petelin
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Primorska, 6310 Izola, Slovenia
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18
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Vajdi M, Karimi A, Tousi AZ, Hosseini B, Nikniaz Z, Farhangi MA. Association between plant-based diets and metabolic syndrome in obese adults from Iran: a cross-sectional study. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:109. [PMID: 37193979 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common chronic disease with several complications. Given that, studies on the association of plant-based diet indices (PDIs) with risk of MetS among adults with obesity, are limited, we aimed to examine the association between PDIs (including overall PDI, healthy PDI (hPDI), unhealthy PDI (uPDI)) and MetS in Iranian adults with obesity. METHODS In Tabriz, Iran, a total of 347 adults between the ages of 20 and 50 participated in this cross-sectional research study. We created an overall PDI, hPDI, and uPDI from validated semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) data. To investigate the association between hPDI, overall PDI, uPDI, and MetS and its components, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS The average age was 40.78 ± 9.23 years, and the average body mass index was 32.62 ± 4.80 kg/m2. There was no significant association between overall PDI (OR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.54-1.47), hPDI (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.48-1.40), and uPDI (OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.87-2.46) with MetS, even after adjustment for confounders. Moreover, our findings showed that participants with the highest adherence to uPDI had a higher chance of hyperglycemia (OR: 2.50; 95% CI: 1.13-5.52). Also, this association was significant in the first (OR: 2.51; 95% CI: 1.04-6.04) and second (OR: 2.58; 95% CI: 1.05-6.33) models, after controlling for covariates. However, in both adjusted and crude models, we did not find a significant association between hPDI and PDI scores and MetS components such as high triglyceride, high waist circumference, low High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, raised blood pressure, and hyperglycemia. Moreover, those in the top tertile of uPDI had higher fasting blood sugar and insulin levels when compared with those in the first tertile, and subjects in the last tertile of hPDI compared with participants in the first tertile had lower weight, waist-to-hip ratio, and fat-free mass. CONCLUSION We found a direct significant association between uPDI and odds of hyperglycemia in the whole population of study. Future large-scale, prospective studies on PDIs and the MetS are necessary to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arash Karimi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ayda Zahiri Tousi
- Razavi Cancer Research Center, Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Babak Hosseini
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Attar Neyshabouri, Daneshgah Blv, Tabriz, Iran.
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19
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Noda T, Ishiguro K, Suzuki T, Morishita T. Tartary Buckwheat Bran: A Review of Its Chemical Composition, Processing Methods and Food Uses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1965. [PMID: 37653882 PMCID: PMC10222156 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.) containing large amounts of functional compounds with antioxidant activity, such as rutin, has attracted substantial research attention due to its industrial applications. Particularly, the functional compounds in Tartary buckwheat bran, an unexploited byproduct of the buckwheat flour milling process, are more concentrated than those in Tartary buckwheat flour. Thus, Tartary buckwheat bran is deemed to be a potential material for making functional foods. However, a review that comprehensively summarizes the research on Tartary buckwheat bran is lacking. Therefore, we highlighted current studies on the chemical composition of Tartary buckwheat bran. Moreover, the processing method and food uses of Tartary buckwheat bran are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Noda
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-gun 082-0081, Japan
| | - Koji Ishiguro
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-gun 082-0081, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Suzuki
- Kyushu-Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Suya, Koshi, Kumamoto 861-1192, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Morishita
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Shinsei, Memuro, Kasai-gun 082-0081, Japan
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20
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Quaresma LS, de Oliveira Siais L, Grangeiro ÉD, Rosado EL. Chia Flour (Salvia hispanica L.) Intake Does Not Affect Weight Loss and Lipid Profile but Improve Systolic Blood Pressure Control in Obesity. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:403-410. [PMID: 35604811 DOI: 10.1080/07315724.2022.2056773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an epidemic, multifactorial and difficult-to-control disease, besides being a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Among the multiple intervention proposals, the addition of chia in meals has been considered due to its composition and possible effects on weight loss and cardiovascular parameters. OBJECTIVE We evaluate the influence of chia flour (Salvia hispanica L.) intake on body weight, body composition, energy expenditure (EE) and cardiovascular risk in obese women. METHODS This study is a clinical trial performed with 20 adult women with obesity randomized into experimental (chia flour) and control (placebo) groups. We assessed anthropometric and biochemical measurements, as well as clinical, dietary and EE variables before intervention and 90 days later. RESULTS There were no differences in anthropometric indicators, body composition or EE between groups, but a decrease in HDL-c (p = 0.049) and a trend towards the reduction of systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p = 0.062) was observed in the experimental group. CONCLUSION Chia flour had a possible positive effect on SBP control, but negatively affected the lipid profile and did not seem to influence obesity control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sampaio Quaresma
- Departament of Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition Institute Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leysimar de Oliveira Siais
- Departament of Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition Institute Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Érika Duarte Grangeiro
- Departament of Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition Institute Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliane Lopes Rosado
- Departament of Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition Institute Josué de Castro, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Badali T, Arefhosseini S, Rooholahzadegan F, Tutunchi H, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M. The effect of DASH diet on atherogenic indices, pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance, and liver steatosis in obese adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A double-blind controlled randomized clinical trial. Health Promot Perspect 2023; 13:77-87. [PMID: 37309438 PMCID: PMC10257571 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2023.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The present clinical trial aimed to examine whether adherence to Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet could improve lipid profile, the Pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB) as well as liver function in obese adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: Sixty two patients with NAFLD were equally allocated into either DASH or low-calorie diet (LCD) group for 8 weeks. The primary and secondary outcomes were determined before and after the trial. Results: Forty patients completed the trial. Significant within group differences were found in dietary saturated fat, selenium, vitamins A and E as well as body weight and body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) after the intervention (P<0.05). DASH diet showed greater significant change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure without significant differences between the groups after 8 weeks. Apart from serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride/HDL-C, greater reductions were found not only in serum lipids and atherogenic indices (P<0.05) but also in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), AST to platelet ratio index (APRI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) in DASH group in comparison to control group (P=0.008, P=0.019 and P=0.003, respectively). Nevertheless, there was not any difference in PAB level between the groups. Furthermore, adherence to DASH diet was more effective in alleviating liver steatosis compared with usual LCD (P=0.012). Conclusion: Adherence to DASH diet appears to be more effective in improving obesity, atherogenic and liver steatosis biomarkers but not oxidative stress (OS) than usual LCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taghi Badali
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Arefhosseini
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Helda Tutunchi
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Lin Q, Zhang Z, Meng Q, Xie Y, Liu Z, Hu C, Wang G, Qin P, Bo Q. Effects of different dietary patterns during pregnancy on birth outcomes and glucose parameters in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prim Care Diabetes 2023:S1751-9918(23)00086-4. [PMID: 37127452 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Dietary interventions are the cornerstone of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary patterns during pregnancy on birth outcomes and glucose parameters in women with GDM. METHODS PubMed, Embase, and The CoChrane Library were searched from the time of database creation to November 30, 2021, along with manual searches. Data analyses were performed using Stata 15.4 software. RESULTS From 2461 studies, 27 RCTs involving 1923 women were eligible. The pooled results showed that dietary pattern interventions during pregnancy reduced birth weight (WMD: -0.14 kg; 95% CI: -0.24, -0.00), hemoglobin A1 C (HbA1 C) (WMD: -0.19, 95% CI: -0.34, -0.05), and macrosomia incidence (RR 0.65 [95% CI 0.48, 0.88]). Low glycemic index (GI) diet reduced macrosomia incidence (RR 0.31 [95% CI 0.11, 0.93]) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (WMD: -0.10 mmol/L; 95% CI: -0.14, -0.05); a low carbohydrate (CHO) diet reduced large for gestational age (LGA) incidence (RR 0.33 [95% CI 0.13, 0.82]) and HbA1 C (WMD: -0.32; 95% CI: -0.51, -0.14); dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet reduced birth weight (WMD:-0.59 kg; 95% CI: -0.64, -0.55), insulin use (RR 0.31 [95% CI 0.18, 0.56), macrosomia incidence (RR 0.12 [95% CI 0.03, 0.50]), and cesarean sections incidence (RR 0.57 [95% CI 0.40, 0.82]). CONCLUSION Dietary patterns during pregnancy can improve certain birth outcomes and glycemic parameters. Due to limitations in the quality and number of included studies, the above findings still need to be validated by further randomized controlled trials with high quality and large samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qingchong Meng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yali Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhengxiang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chunqiu Hu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guoxiu Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Panzhu Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qingli Bo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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23
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Miksza U, Adamska-Patruno E, Bauer W, Fiedorczuk J, Czajkowski P, Moroz M, Drygalski K, Ustymowicz A, Tomkiewicz E, Gorska M, Kretowski A. Obesity-related parameters in carriers of some BDNF genetic variants may depend on daily dietary macronutrients intake. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6585. [PMID: 37085692 PMCID: PMC10121660 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33842-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Some common single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene have been associated not only with the neurodegenerative diseases but also with some eating disorders. The aim of this study was to assess the possible differences in the obesity-related and glucose metabolism parameters between some BDNF genotypes', that may depend on the daily energy and macronutrients intake. In 484 adult participants we performed the anthropometric measurements, body composition analysis, and body fat distribution. The daily dietary intake was assessed using the 3-day food intake diaries. Blood glucose and insulin concentrations were measured at fasting and during oral glucose tolerance tests. Moreover, the visceral adipose tissue/subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT/SAT) ratio and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance were calculated. We noted that participants carrying the GG genotype had lower skeletal muscle mass and fat free mass (FFM) when carbohydrate intake was > 48%, whereas they presented higher fat-free mass (FFM), and surprisingly higher total cholesterol and LDL-C concentrations when daily fiber intake was > 18 g. Moreover, in these subjects we noted higher waist circumference, BMI, and fasting glucose and insulin concentrations, when > 18% of total daily energy intake was delivered from proteins, and higher VAT content and HDL-C concentrations when > 30% of energy intake was derived from dietary fat. Our results suggest that glucose homeostasis and obesity-related parameters in carriers of some common variants of BDNF gene, especially in the GG (rs10835211) genotype carriers, may differ dependently on daily energy, dietary macronutrients and fiber intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula Miksza
- Department of Nutriomics, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland.
- Clinical Research Support Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Edyta Adamska-Patruno
- Department of Nutriomics, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland.
- Clinical Research Support Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Witold Bauer
- Department of Nutriomics, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Fiedorczuk
- Department of Nutriomics, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Czajkowski
- Department of Nutriomics, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Monika Moroz
- Department of Nutriomics, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Drygalski
- Department of Nutriomics, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ustymowicz
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elwira Tomkiewicz
- Department of Nutriomics, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Maria Gorska
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adam Kretowski
- Department of Nutriomics, Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
- Clinical Research Support Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
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Thorsteinsdottir F, Campbell KJ, Heitmann BL, Zheng M. Longitudinal Trajectories of Dietary Fibre Intake and Its Determinants in Early Childhood: Results from the Melbourne InFANT Program. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081932. [PMID: 37111151 PMCID: PMC10145308 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal nutrition during early childhood, including dietary fibre intake, is important for children's health and development. Knowledge of fibre intake and its determinants in early childhood is limited. We aimed to describe fibre intake and sources and to identify trajectories of fibre intake at age 9, 18, 42, and 60 months and its child and maternal determinants. Associations between fibre trajectory groups and BMI z-scores and child overweight status were also assessed. METHODS This is a secondary analysis of longitudinal data from the Melbourne InFANT Program, trial registration: Current Controlled Trials (ISRCTN81847050). Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify trajectories of fibre intake from ages 9 to 60 months (n = 503). Multivariable logistic or linear regression was used to assess the determinants of fibre intake trajectories and the association between fibre intake trajectories and obesity outcomes. RESULTS Four fibre intake trajectory groups were identified, with three groups following stable, rising trajectories of "Low" (52.3%), "Moderate" (32.2%), and "High" (13.3%), respectively. The remaining followed an "unstable" trajectory (2.2%). Girls versus boys were more likely to follow the "Low" fibre intake trajectory, whereas children who were breastfed for ≥6 months and whose mother had a university education were less likely to follow the "Low" fibre trajectory. No association was found between fibre trajectory groups and obesity outcomes. CONCLUSION Most children followed a stable, rising trajectory of low fibre intake in early childhood. Child sex, breastfeeding duration and maternal education were significant determinants of low fibre intake trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanney Thorsteinsdottir
- Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Karen J Campbell
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Berit L Heitmann
- Research Unit for Dietary Studies, The Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, 2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- The Boden Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The Department of Public Health, Section for General Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miaobing Zheng
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
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Tak J, Bok M, Rho H, Park JH, Lim Y, Chon S, Lim H. Effect of diabetes-specific oral nutritional supplements with allulose on weight and glycemic profiles in overweight or obese type 2 diabetic patients. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:241-256. [PMID: 37009137 PMCID: PMC10042715 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.2.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Diabetes-specific oral nutritional supplements (ONS) have anti-hyperglycemic effects, while D-allulose exerts anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. In this study, we investigated the efficacy and safety of diabetes-specific ONS, including allulose, on glycemic and weight changes in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SUBJECTS/METHODS A single-arm, historical-control pilot clinical trial was conducted on 26 overweight or obese patients with T2DM (age range: 30-70 yrs). The participants were administered 2 packs of diabetes-specific ONS, including allulose (200 kcal/200 mL), every morning for 8 weeks. The glycemic profiles, obesity-related parameters, and lipid profiles were assessed to evaluate the efficacy of ONS. RESULTS After 8 weeks, fasting blood glucose (FBG) level significantly decreased from 139.00 ± 29.66 mg/dL to 126.08 ± 32.00 mg/dL (P = 0.007) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) improved (7.23 ± 0.82% vs. 7.03 ± 0.69%, P = 0.041). Moreover, the fasting insulin (δ: -1.81 ± 3.61 μU/mL, P = 0.017) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (δ: -0.87 ± 1.57, P = 0.009) levels decreased at 8 weeks, and body weight significantly decreased from 67.20 ± 8.29 kg to 66.43 ± 8.12 kg (P = 0.008). Body mass index (BMI) also decreased in accordance with this (from 25.59 ± 1.82 kg/m2 to 25.30 ± 1.86 kg/m2, P = 0.009), as did waist circumference (δ: -1.31 ± 2.04 cm, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The consumption of diabetes-specific ONS with allulose in overweight or obese patients with T2DM improved glycemic profiles, such as FBG, HbA1c, and HOMA-IR, and reduced body weight and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihye Tak
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
| | - Minkyung Bok
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hyunkyung Rho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Yunsook Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Suk Chon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Hyunjung Lim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea
- Research Institute of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
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26
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Goode JP, Smith KJ, Breslin M, Kilpatrick M, Dwyer T, Venn AJ, Magnussen CG. A healthful plant-based eating pattern is longitudinally associated with higher insulin sensitivity in Australian adults. J Nutr 2023; 153:1544-1554. [PMID: 36931561 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A healthful plant-based eating pattern is associated with lower type 2 diabetes risk; however, the association with its preceding state, compromised insulin sensitivity, is less well-established, particularly in younger populations with repeated measures of diet over time. OBJECTIVE We aimed to examine the longitudinal relationship between a healthful plant-based eating pattern and insulin sensitivity in young to middle-aged adults. METHODS We included 667 participants from the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health (CDAH) study, a population-based cohort in Australia. Healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) scores were derived from food frequency questionnaire data. Plant foods considered 'healthful' were scored positively (e.g., whole grains, fruit, vegetables), with all remaining foods scored reversely (e.g., refined grains, soft drinks, meat). Updated homeostatic model assessment (HOMA2) estimated insulin sensitivity from fasting insulin and glucose concentrations. We used linear mixed-effects regression to analyse data from two time points: CDAH-1 (2004-06, aged 26-36 years) and CDAH-3 (2017-19, aged 36-49 years). hPDI scores were modelled as between- and within-person effects (i.e., a participant's overall mean and their deviation from said mean at each time point, respectively). RESULTS The median follow-up duration was 13 years. In our primary analysis, each 10-unit difference in hPDI score was associated with higher log-HOMA2 insulin sensitivity [95% confidence interval], with between-person (β = 0.11 [0.05, 0.17], P < .001) and within-person effects (β = 0.10 [0.04, 0.16], P = .001). The within-person effect persisted despite accounting for compliance with dietary guidelines. Adjustment for waist circumference attenuated the between-person effect by 70% (P = .26) and the within-person effect by 40% (P = .04). CONCLUSIONS In young to middle-aged Australian adults, a healthful plant-based eating pattern (determined using hPDI scores) was longitudinally associated with higher insulin sensitivity, and therefore, potentially lower type 2 diabetes risk later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Goode
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
| | - Kylie J Smith
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Monique Breslin
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Michelle Kilpatrick
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Terence Dwyer
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Heart Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alison J Venn
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Costan G Magnussen
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland; Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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27
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Costa-Pérez A, Núñez-Gómez V, Baenas N, Di Pede G, Achour M, Manach C, Mena P, Del Rio D, García-Viguera C, Moreno DA, Domínguez-Perles R. Systematic Review on the Metabolic Interest of Glucosinolates and Their Bioactive Derivatives for Human Health. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061424. [PMID: 36986155 PMCID: PMC10058295 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, most of the evidence on the clinical benefits of including cruciferous foods in the diet has been focused on the content of glucosinolates (GSL) and their corresponding isothiocyanates (ITC), and mercapturic acid pathway metabolites, based on their capacity to modulate clinical, biochemical, and molecular parameters. The present systematic review summarizes findings of human studies regarding the metabolism and bioavailability of GSL and ITC, providing a comprehensive analysis that will help guide future research studies and facilitate the consultation of the latest advances in this booming and less profusely researched area of GSL for food and health. The literature search was carried out in Scopus, PubMed and the Web of Science, under the criteria of including publications centered on human subjects and the use of Brassicaceae foods in different formulations (including extracts, beverages, and tablets), as significant sources of bioactive compounds, in different types of subjects, and against certain diseases. Twenty-eight human intervention studies met inclusion criteria, which were classified into three groups depending on the dietary source. This review summarizes recent studies that provided interesting contributions, but also uncovered the many potential venues for future research on the benefits of consuming cruciferous foods in our health and well-being. The research will continue to support the inclusion of GSL-rich foods and products for multiple preventive and active programs in nutrition and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Costa-Pérez
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Food Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Vanesa Núñez-Gómez
- Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare-Nostrum”, Campus de Espinardo, University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Nieves Baenas
- Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare-Nostrum”, Campus de Espinardo, University of Murcia, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (D.A.M.); Tel.: +00-348-6888-9627 (N.B.); +00-349-6839-6200 (D.A.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Di Pede
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
| | - Mariem Achour
- Human Nutrition Unit, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Claudine Manach
- Human Nutrition Unit, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pedro Mena
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Food and Drugs, University of Parma, 43125 Parma, Italy
- Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Cristina García-Viguera
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Food Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Diego A. Moreno
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Food Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (D.A.M.); Tel.: +00-348-6888-9627 (N.B.); +00-349-6839-6200 (D.A.M.)
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Phytochemistry and Healthy Food Lab, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo-25, E-30100 Murcia, Spain
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28
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Al Samarraie A, Pichette M, Rousseau G. Role of the Gut Microbiome in the Development of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065420. [PMID: 36982492 PMCID: PMC10051145 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is the primary cause of death globally, with nine million deaths directly attributable to ischemic heart diseases in 2020. Since the last few decades, great effort has been put toward primary and secondary prevention strategies through identification and treatment of major cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking, and a sedentary lifestyle. Once labelled “the forgotten organ”, the gut microbiota has recently been rediscovered and has been found to play key functions in the incidence of ASCVD both directly by contributing to the development of atherosclerosis and indirectly by playing a part in the occurrence of fundamental cardiovascular risk factors. Essential gut metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), secondary bile acids, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have been associated with the extent of ischemic heart diseases. This paper reviews the latest data on the impact of the gut microbiome in the incidence of ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Al Samarraie
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Maxime Pichette
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Guy Rousseau
- Centre de Biomédecine, CIUSSS-NÎM/Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur, Montréal, QC H4J 1C5, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Popiolek-Kalisz J, Glibowski P. Apple Peel Supplementation Potential in Metabolic Syndrome Prevention. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030753. [PMID: 36983908 PMCID: PMC10056680 DOI: 10.3390/life13030753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Introduction: Apples are a source of bioactive substances, e.g., anthocyanidins and flavonols, and dietary fiber. Their highest concentrations are observed in the skin. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a set of conditions originally associated with obesity. Excessive adipose tissue accompanying obesity leads to chronic inflammation and metabolic disorders, which result in the development of dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, and glucose levels. Thus, supplementation of apple peels, a source of antioxidant substances and fiber, could potentially be a method supporting the prevention of MetS. This paper summarizes the results of available research on the potential impact of apple peel supplementation on the components of MetS. (2) Results: The results from in vitro and animal model studies indicate a positive effect of apple peel supplementation on lipid profile, glucose levels, and blood pressure regulation mediators. Only one human study was performed, and it showed that the consumption of apple peels had an effect on endothelial function but not on other clinical parameters. At the moment, there are no results from observations on large groups of people available. (3) Conclusions: The results of in vitro and animal-model studies indicate the potential of apple peel supplementation in MetS prevention, but it has not been clinically confirmed in human studies. Conducting large human studies could allow a definite clarification of the role of apple peel supplementation in MetS prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz
- Clinical Dietetics Unit, Department of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Cardiology, Cardinal Wyszynski Hospital in Lublin, 20-718 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Paweł Glibowski
- Department of Biotechnology, Microbiology and Human Nutrition, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
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Liu Q, Fang J, Huang W, Liu S, Zhang X, Gong G, Huang L, Lin X, Wang Z. The intervention effects of konjac glucomannan with different molecular weights on high-fat and high-fructose diet-fed obese mice based on the regulation of gut microbiota. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112498. [PMID: 36869507 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Konjac is a high-quality dietary fiber rich in β-glucomannan, which has been reported to possess anti-obesity effects. To explore the effective components and the structure-activity relationships of konjac glucomannan (KGM), three different molecular weight components (KGM-1 (90 kDa), KGM-2 (5 kDa), KGM-3 (1 kDa)) were obtained, and systematical comparisons of their effects on high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD)-induced obese mice were investigated in the present study. Our results indicated that KGM-1, with its larger molecular weight, reduced mouse body weight and improved their insulin resistance status. KGM-1 markedly inhibited lipid accumulation in mouse livers induced by HFFD by downregulating Pparg expression and upregulating Hsl and Cpt1 expressions. Further investigation revealed that dietary supplementation with konjac glucomannan at different molecular weights caused β-diversity changes in gut microbes. The potential weight loss effect of KGM-1 maybe attributed to the abundance of changes in Coprobacter, Streptococcus, Clostridium IV, and Parasutterella. The results provide a scientific basis for the in-depth development and utilization of konjac resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Jie Fang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Wenqi Huang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Sining Liu
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xueting Zhang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Guiping Gong
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Xiaoliang Lin
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd., Guangzhou 510000, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhongfu Wang
- Shaanxi Natural Carbohydrate Resource Engineering Research Center, College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
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Jarvis SE, Malik VS. Healthy and Environmentally Sustainable Dietary Patterns for Type 2 Diabetes: Dietary Approaches as Co-benefits to the Overlapping Crises. J Indian Inst Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s41745-023-00358-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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Ito M, Yoshimoto J, Maeda T, Ishii S, Wada Y, Kishi M, Koikeda T. Effects of high-fiber food product consumption and personal health record use on body mass index and bowel movement. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
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Associating Compositional, Nutritional and Techno-Functional Characteristics of Faba Bean ( Vicia faba L.) Protein Isolates and Their Production Side-Streams with Potential Food Applications. Foods 2023; 12:foods12050919. [PMID: 36900436 PMCID: PMC10001187 DOI: 10.3390/foods12050919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Faba beans (Vicia faba L.) show exciting prospects as a sustainable source of protein and fibre, with the potential to transition to a more sustainable food production. This study reveals the compositional, nutritional and techno-functional characteristics of two protein isolates from faba beans (Vicia faba L.), a high-starch fraction and a high-fibre side-stream. During the analysis of those four ingredients, particular attention was paid to the isolates' protein profile and the side-streams' carbohydrate composition. The isoelectric precipitated protein isolate 1 showed a protein content of 72.64 ± 0.31% DM. It exhibited low solubility but superior digestibility and high foam stability. High foaming capacity and low protein digestibility were observed for protein isolate 2, with a protein content of 71.37 ± 0.93% DM. This fraction was highly soluble and consisted primarily of low molecular weight proteins. The high-starch fraction contained 83.87 ± 3.07% DM starch, of which about 66% was resistant starch. Over 65% of the high-fibre fraction was insoluble dietary fibre. The findings of this study provide a detailed understanding of different production fractions of faba beans, which is of great value for future product development.
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Effects of Physical Properties of Konjac Glucomannan on Appetite Response of Rats. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040743. [PMID: 36832818 PMCID: PMC9955882 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fiber has been widely used in designing foods with a high satiating capacity, as the use of satiety-enhancing food is considered to be a promising strategy for combating obesity and the overweight condition. In the present study, partially degraded konjac glucomannan (DKGM) diets with different water-holding capacities, swelling capacities, and viscosities were used to feed rats to investigate the effects of the fiber's physical properties in regulating the appetite response of the animals. The results showed that the mass and water content of the gastrointestinal chyme increased as the diet's physical properties were enhanced by the DKGM, which increased the stomach distention of the rats and promoted satiation. Besides, the hydrated DKGM elevated the chyme's viscosity, and the retention time of the digesta in the small intestine was prolonged significantly, which resulted in an increased concentration of cholecystokinin-8, glucagon-like peptide 1, and peptide tyrosine-tyrosine in the plasma, thus helping to maintain the satiety of rats. Furthermore, the results of the behavioral satiety sequence and meal pattern analysis showed that DKGM in the diets is more likely to reduce the food intake of rats by enhancing satiety rather than satiation, and will finally inhibit excessive weight gain. In conclusion, the physical properties of dietary fiber are highly related to the appetite response, which is a powerful tool in designing food with a high satiating capacity.
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Liu EF, Zhu Y, Ferrara A, Hedderson MM. Dietary Quality Indices in Early Pregnancy and Rate of Gestational Weight Gain among a Prospective Multi-Racial and Ethnic Cohort. Nutrients 2023; 15:835. [PMID: 36839193 PMCID: PMC9961419 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Meeting the Institute of Medicine (IOM) gestational weight gain (GWG) guidelines is associated with a reduced risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Overall diet quality comprehensively assesses dietary components and accounts for interactions between them. While GWG is influenced by maternal diet, its association with overall diet quality-measured by various dietary quality indices-is not well-defined. We prospectively estimated the relationship between four established dietary quality indices and the risk of GWG rate above (excessive) or below (inadequate) IOM guidelines in a multi-racial and ethnic cohort of 2914 pregnant people from the Pregnancy Environment and Lifestyle Study (2014-2019). We assessed diet quality using the Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010), alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Empirical Dietary Inflammatory Index (EDIP). Following the first trimester, 56% of the cohort had excessive GWG, and 14% had inadequate GWG. Poor diet quality (below the 75th percentile), measured by HEI-2010, was associated with a higher risk of excessive GWG in the second and third trimesters [RR = 1.03 (1.00, 1.06)]. Effect modification of this relationship by race and ethnicity and pre-pregnancy BMI was assessed. We found poor diet quality to be associated with elevated risk of excessive GWG among Black participants [RR = 1.14 (1.02, 1.28)] and White participants [RR 1.07 (1.01, 1.12)]. This was also the case for participants with pre-pregnancy BMI < 25.0 [RR 1.05 (1.00, 1.10)]. These results suggest that diet quality measured by the HEI-2010 is associated with excessive GWG, and the associations appear to be stronger among pregnant people without overweight or obesity and pregnant people who identify as Black or White race and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily F. Liu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA 94612, USA
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Das SK, Silver RE, Vail TA, Chin MK, Blanchard CM, Dickinson SL, Chen X, Ceglia L, Saltzman E, Allison DB, Roberts SB. Randomized controlled trial of a novel lifestyle intervention used with or without meal replacements in work sites. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:374-389. [PMID: 36695057 PMCID: PMC10184298 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lifestyle interventions have had limited effectiveness in work sites when evaluated in randomized trials. This study assessed the effectiveness of a novel lifestyle intervention for weight loss (Healthy Weight for Living [HWL]) implemented with or without meal replacements (MR) in work sites. HWL used a new behavioral approach emphasizing reducing hunger and building healthy food preferences, and, unlike traditional lifestyle interventions, it did not require calorie counting. METHODS Twelve work sites were randomized to an 18-month intervention (n = 8; randomization within work sites to HWL, HWL + MR) or 6-month wait-listed control (n = 4). Participants were employees with overweight or obesity (N = 335; age = 48 [SD 10] years; BMI = 33 [6] kg/m2 ; 83% female). HWL was group-delivered in person or by videoconference. The primary outcome was 6-month weight change; secondary outcomes included weight and cardiometabolic risk factors measured at 6, 12, and 18 months in intervention groups. RESULTS Mean 6-month weight change was -8.8% (95% CI: -11.2% to -6.4%) for enrollees in HWL and -8.0% (-10.4% to -5.5%) for HWL + MR (p < 0.001 for both groups vs. controls), with no difference between interventions (p = 0.40). Clinically meaningful weight loss (≥5%) was maintained at 18 months in both groups (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS A new lifestyle intervention approach, deliverable by videoconference with or without MR, supported clinically impactful weight loss in employees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Krupa Das
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel E. Silver
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taylor A. Vail
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meghan K. Chin
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caroline M. Blanchard
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie L. Dickinson
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Xiwei Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Lisa Ceglia
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward Saltzman
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David B. Allison
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Susan B. Roberts
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Almoraie NM, Shatwan IM, Althaiban MA, Hanbazaza MA, Wazzan HA, Aljefree NM. Associations between dietary intake, physical activity, and obesity among public school teachers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1081928. [PMID: 36761223 PMCID: PMC9902718 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1081928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to assess the dietary intake of certain food groups in a representative sample of public-school teachers living in Jeddah city. We also, examined the association of dietary intake with physical activity and obesity among schoolteachers. Methods The study was a cross-sectional online survey, conducted among 640 (177 male, 463 female) schoolteachers aged between 20 and 62 years old and working in public primary, intermediate, and high schools in Jeddah. Measurements included gender, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), health problems, and lifestyle behaviours, including physical activity levels, smoking status, and dietary intake. Results Based on gender, number of non-smoking women (94%) was higher than number of non-smoking men (57.1%) (P < 0.001). However, men were more active than women (P = 0.03). Regarding BMI, there were more overweight men than women, while obese women numbered more than men (P = 0.003). There was no significant difference in dietary intake between men and women except that men consumed more soft drinks than women (P = 0.002). Lower physically active schoolteachers were less likely to consume salad (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9; P = 0.02), vegetables (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.3-0.9; P = 0.01), beans and legumes (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.7; P = 0.005), wholegrain bread (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9; P = 0.03), dairy products (OR = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4-0.9; P = 0.01), snacks (OR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.2-0.8; P = 0.01), and fish (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9; P = 0.04) compared to those with high levels of physical activity. Only fruit intake was considered statistically significant (OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.7; P = 0.003). The study found a relationship between the BMI of schoolteachers and food intake. Obese schoolteachers had lower consumption of fruits (OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.7; P = 0.007) and white meat (OR = 0.5, 95%CI 0.3-0.9; P = 0.03) than schoolteachers in the normal weight group. Conclusion The high prevalence of physical activity, dietary intake and body weight among Saudi teachers is a major public health concern. The present study identified several lifestyle factors associated with body weight that may represent valid targets for the prevention and management of obesity among Saudi school teachers. Promoting active lifestyles and healthy diets would be primary targets for obesity prevention.
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Nouri M, Shateri Z, Faghih S. The relationship between intake of fruits, vegetables and dairy products with overweight and obesity in a large sample in Iran: Findings of STEPS 2016. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1082976. [PMID: 36733471 PMCID: PMC9886861 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1082976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The present study aimed to investigate the association between fruits and vegetables (FVs) and dairy product intake with body weight based on the data from the nationwide Stepwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) survey in Iran. Methods STEPS is a national-based cross-sectional study conducted on 3,0541 people selected by stratified cluster random sampling in Iran from April to November 2016. The outcome of the current study was body mass index (BMI) which was classified as normal weight, underweight, overweight, and obese. Also, as exposure variables, dietary intakes of fruits, vegetables and dairy products were extracted from the STEPS questionnaires. Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between dairy products, FVs consumption, and BMI category in the crude and adjusted models. Results In the adjusted model, we observed 41% [odd ratio (OR) = 0.59; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.50, 0.68, P < 0.001], 27% (OR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.84, P < 0.001), and 26% (OR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.63, 0.87, P < 0.001) lower odds of being overweight, and 46% (OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.46, 0.64, P < 0.001), 29% (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.84, P < 0.001), and 21% (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.95, P = 0.014) decrease in obesity odds among the participants who consumed 1, 2, and more than 2 servings of fruits per day in comparison to less than one serving, respectively. Also, we observed participants who consumed 1, 2, and more than 2 servings in comparison to less than one serving of dairy products per day had 31% (OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.81, P < 0.001), 23% (OR = 0.77; 95 %CI: 0.65, 0.91, P = 0.002), and 21% (OR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.94, P = 0.011) lower odds of being overweight and 47% (OR = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.64, P < 0.001), 36% (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.77, P < 0.001), and 32% (OR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.83, P < 0.001) lower odds of obesity, respectively. In addition, compared to participants who consumed less than 2 servings of vegetables per day, participants who consumed 2, 3, and more than 3 servings had 40% (OR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.76, P < 0.001), 29% (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.90, P = 0.006), and 26% (OR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.96, P = 0.027) lower odds of being overweight, respectively. Furthermore, we observed 36% lower odds of obesity among participants who ate 2 servings of vegetables per day compared to less than 2 serving (OR = 0.64; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.84, P = 0.002). Conclusion Our findings showed that intake of FVs and dairy products is associated with a healthier weight status in adults. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zainab Shateri
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,*Correspondence: Shiva Faghih,
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Diab A, Dastmalchi LN, Gulati M, Michos ED. A Heart-Healthy Diet for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: Where Are We Now? Vasc Health Risk Manag 2023; 19:237-253. [PMID: 37113563 PMCID: PMC10128075 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s379874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose of Review The relationship between cardiovascular health and diet is evolving. Lifestyle modifications including diet changes are the primary approach in managing cardiometabolic risk factors. Thus, understanding different diets and their impact on cardiovascular health is important in guiding primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Yet, there are many barriers and limitations to adopting a heart healthy diet. Recent Findings Diets rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and lean protein sources, with minimization/avoidance of processed foods, trans-fats, and sugar sweetened beverages, are recommended by prevention guidelines. The Mediterranean, DASH, and plant-based diets have all proven cardioprotective in varying degrees and are endorsed by professional healthcare societies, while other emerging diets such as the ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting require more long-term study. The effects of diet on the gut microbiome and on cardiovascular health have opened a new path for precision medicine to improve cardiometabolic risk factors. The effects of certain dietary metabolites, such as trimethylamine N-oxide, on cardiometabolic risk factors, along with the changes in the gut microbiome diversity and gene pathways in relation to CVD management, are being explored. Summary In this review, we provide a comprehensive up-to-date overview on established and emerging diets in cardiovascular health. We discuss the effectiveness of various diets and most importantly the approaches to nutritional counseling where traditional and non-traditional approaches are being practiced, helping patients adopt heart healthy diets. We address the limitations to adopting a heart healthy diet regarding food insecurity, poor access, and socioeconomic burden. Lastly, we discuss the need for a multidisciplinary team-based approach, including the role of a nutrition specialist, in implementing culturally-tailored dietary recommendations. Understanding the limitations and finding ways to overcome the barriers in implementing heart-healthy diets will take us miles in the path to CVD prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Diab
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Medicine, Greater Baltimore Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - L Nedda Dastmalchi
- Division of Cardiology, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Martha Gulati
- Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, LA, USA
| | - Erin D Michos
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Correspondence: Erin D Michos, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Blalock 524-B, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA, Tel +410-502-6813, Email
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Mah E, Liska DJ, Goltz S, Chu Y. The effect of extracted and isolated fibers on appetite and energy intake: A comprehensive review of human intervention studies. Appetite 2023; 180:106340. [PMID: 36216214 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In light of the increasing prevalence of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, the underconsumption of fiber is concerning due to its various associated health benefits such as weight management. Adding extracted or isolated dietary fibers into various consumer products is a practical strategy for addressing the fiber gap. This comprehensive review identified evidence on the efficacy of different types of extracted and isolated fibers in reducing appetite and energy intake. Published reports of randomized controlled trials assessing appetite or energy intake in healthy adults were systematically searched, and those investigating extracted and isolated fibers following acute or chronic intake were selected. A total of 136 studies, consisting of 107 acute studies and 29 chronic studies, were included in the review. Overall, most fiber types did not show significant effects on appetite ratings and energy intakes. Acute intakes of two viscous fibers, alginate or guar gum, as well as oat fiber, were observed to most frequently result in reductions in appetite ratings. Additionally, chronic, but not acute, intakes of resistant maltodextrin/dextrin were also beneficial for appetite ratings. Viscous fibers were more likely to improve appetite ratings compared to non-viscous fibers, and fermentability did not appear to affect appetite ratings. Unfortunately, the current evidence base is highly varied due to the many differences in methodology and limited research on many of the fibers. While the possible benefits of extracted and isolated fibers on appetite sensations, food intake, and ultimately body weight regulation should not be completely dismissed, our review highlights the complexity of this research area and the gaps that need to be addressed to improve the robustness of the evidence.
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Wang W, Sun M, Yu J, Ma X, Han C. Relationship between Components, Intestinal Microbiota, and Mechanism of Hypoglycemic Effect of the Saggy Ink Cap Medicinal Mushroom (Coprinus Comatus, Agaricomycetes): A Review. Int J Med Mushrooms 2023; 25:81-90. [PMID: 37947066 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2023050474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Coprinus comatus is rich in a variety of nutrients, which has been reported to display a good hypoglycemic effect. However, there is no consensus on the hypoglycemic mechanism of this mushroom. Intestinal microbiota, a complex and intrinsic system, is closely related to metabolism. In this review, we discussed the potential relationship between certain components of C. comatus and intestinal microbiota to illustrate the possible hypoglycemic mechanism of C. comatus through intestinal microbiota. It will provide a new perspective for the study of hypoglycemic mechanism of C. comatus and promote the development and utilization of this mushroom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P.R. China
| | - Min Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P.R. China
| | - Xumin Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, P.R. China
| | - Chunchao Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, People's Republic of China; Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Control and Construction of the Whole Industrial Chain of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People's Republic of China
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42
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Bai Y, Gilbert RG. Mechanistic Understanding of the Effects of Pectin on In Vivo Starch Digestion: A Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235107. [PMID: 36501138 PMCID: PMC9740804 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type II diabetes are closely related to the rapid digestion of starch. Starch is the major food-energy source for most humans, and thus knowledge about the regulation of starch digestion can contribute to prevention and improved treatment of carbohydrate metabolic disorders such as diabetes. Pectins are plant polysaccharides with complex molecular structures and ubiquitous presence in food, and have diverse effects on starch digestion. Pectins can favorably regulate in vivo starch digestion and blood glucose level responses, and these effects are attributed to several reasons: increasing the viscosity of digesta, inhibiting amylase activity, and regulating some in vivo physiological responses. Pectins can influence starch digestion via multiple mechanisms simultaneously, in ways that are highly structure-dependent. Utilizing the multi-functionalities of pectin could provide more ways to design low glycemic-response food and while avoiding the unpalatable high viscosity in food by which is commonly caused by many other dietary fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeming Bai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert G. Gilbert
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-4-1221-5144
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43
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Di Rosa C, Altomare A, Imperia E, Spiezia C, Khazrai YM, Guarino MPL. The Role of Dietary Fibers in the Management of IBD Symptoms. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224775. [PMID: 36432460 PMCID: PMC9696206 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic, progressive, immune-mediated diseases of the intestinal tract. The main subtypes of IBDs are Chron's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The etiology is still unclear, but there are genetic, environmental and host-related factors that contribute to the development of these diseases. Recent literature has shown that dietary therapy is the cornerstone of IBD treatment in terms of management of symptoms, relapse and care of the pathology. IBD patients show that microbiota dysbiosis and diet, especially dietary fiber, can modulate its composition. These patients are more at risk of energy protein malnutrition than the general population and are deficient in micronutrients. So far, no dietary component is considered responsible for IBD and there is not a specific therapeutic diet for it. The aim of this review is to evaluate the role of dietary fibers in CD and UC and help health professionals in the nutritional management of these pathologies. Further studies are necessary to determine the appropriate amount and type of fiber to suggest in the case of IBD to ameliorate psychosocial conditions and patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Di Rosa
- Research Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Altomare
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Imperia
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Spiezia
- Research Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Yeganeh Manon Khazrai
- Research Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Nutrition and Prevention, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Michele Pier Luca Guarino
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
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Ji Y, Mao K, Gao J, Chitrakar B, Sadiq FA, Wang Z, Wu J, Xu C, Sang Y. Pear pomace soluble dietary fiber ameliorates the negative effects of high-fat diet in mice by regulating the gut microbiota and associated metabolites. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1025511. [PMID: 36337664 PMCID: PMC9633104 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1025511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and related metabolites are positively regulated by soluble dietary fiber (SDF). In this study, we explored the effects of SDF from pear pomace (PP) on the regulation of gut microbiota and metabolism in high-fat-diet-fed (HFD-fed) C57BL/6J male mice. The results showed that PP-SDF was able to maintain the HFD disrupted gut microbiota diversity with a significant increase in Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, Akkermansia, and Bifidobacterium spp. The negative effects of high-fat diet were ameliorated by PP-SDF by regulating lipid metabolisms with a significant increase in metabolites like isobutyryl carnitine and dioscoretine. Correlation analysis revealed that gut microbiota, such as Akkermansia and Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006 in the PP-SDF intervention groups had strong positive correlations with isobutyryl carnitine and dioscoretin. These findings demonstrated that PP-SDF interfered with the host's gut microbiota and related metabolites to reduce the negative effects caused by a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Ji
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Kemin Mao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jie Gao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Bimal Chitrakar
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Faizan Ahmed Sadiq
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology and Food Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium
| | - Zhongxuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jiangna Wu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yaxin Sang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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45
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The Beneficial Effect of a Healthy Dietary Pattern on Androgen Deprivation Therapy-Related Metabolic Abnormalities in Patients with Prostate Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Based on Randomized Controlled Trials and Systematic Review. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100969. [PMID: 36295871 PMCID: PMC9611951 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic abnormalities as side effects of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) can accelerate progression of prostate cancer (PCa) and increase risks of cardiovascular diseases. A healthy dietary pattern (DP) plays an important role in regulating glycolipid metabolism, while evidence about DP on ADT-related metabolic abnormalities is still controversial. To explore the effect of DP on metabolic outcomes in PCa patients with ADT, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and CINAHL were searched from inception to 10 September 2022. Risk of biases was evaluated through Cochrane Collaboration’s Tool. If heterogeneity was low, the fixed-effects model was carried out; otherwise, the random-effects model was used. Data were determined by calculating mean difference (MD) or standardized MD (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Nine studies involving 421 patients were included. The results showed that healthy DP significantly improved glycated hemoglobin (MD: −0.13; 95% CI: −0.24, −0.02; p = 0.020), body mass index (MD: −1.02; 95% CI: −1.29, −0.75; p < 0.001), body fat mass (MD: −1.78; 95% CI: −2.58, −0.97; p < 0.001), triglyceride (MD: −0.28; 95% CI: −0.51, −0.04; p = 0.020), systolic blood pressure (MD: −6.30; 95% CI: −11.15, −1.44; p = 0.010), and diastolic blood pressure (MD: −2.94; 95% CI: −5.63, −0.25; p = 0.030), although its beneficial effects on other glycolipid metabolic indicators were not found. Additionally, a healthy DP also lowered the level of PSA (MD: −1.79; 95% CI: −2.25, −1.33; p < 0.001). The meta-analysis demonstrated that a healthy DP could improve ADT-related metabolic abnormalities and be worthy of being recommended for PCa patients with ADT.
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46
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Akhlaghi M. The role of dietary fibers in regulating appetite, an overview of mechanisms and weight consequences. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3139-3150. [PMID: 36193993 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2130160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fibers prevent obesity through reduction of hunger and prolongation of satiety. A number of mechanical and endocrine signals from gastrointestinal tract are stimulated by fibers and their fermentation products, reach regions of brain involved in the regulation of appetite, and ultimately reduce food intake. Gastric distention, delayed gastric emptying, prevention of hypoglycemic, increased amounts of unabsorbed nutrients reaching to the ileum, and stimulation of enteroendocrine cells for secretion of cholecystokinin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and peptide YY are among mechanisms of fibers in decreasing hunger and prolongation of satiety. Fermentation of fibers produces short-chain fatty acids that also stimulates enteroendocrine cells to secrete GLP-1 and PYY. Randomized controlled trials have shown reductions in energy intake and body weight along with increased satiation and reduced hunger following consumption of fibers. Prospective cohort studies have confirmed these results but the extent of weight loss in some studies has been small. Controversies exist between studies particularly for the effect of fibers on the gastrointestinal hormones, subsequent food intake, and the resultant weight loss. More studies are needed before a clear conclusion can be drawn especially for the effect of fibers on appetite-related hormones and weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Akhlaghi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Boby N, Abbas MA, Lee EB, Im ZE, Lee SJ, Park SC. Microbiota modulation and anti-obesity effects of fermented Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim extract against high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113629. [PMID: 36058150 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim (Korean pear) has been used for hundreds of years as a traditional herbal medicine due to its strong phytochemical profile and pharmacological efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the anti-obesity potential of Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim extracts (PUE) and investigated the underlying mechanisms using a combination of in vitro, in vivo, and microbiota regulation approaches. In an adipogenesis assay, the fermented (F)PUE and non-fermented (NF)PUE significantly reduced the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 85.33 and 96.67 µg/mL, respectively. In a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rat model (n = 8 animals/group), oral administration of FPUE additionally reduced the total body weight gain significantly. No difference in food intake was observed, however, between the control-chow diet, FPUE, and NFPUE-treated HFD rats. Adipose tissue mass and systemic insulin resistance were markedly reduced in FPUE-treated HFD rats, in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with FPUE also greatly improved obesity-related biomarkers, including total cholesterol, leptin, active ghrelin, Total GIP, adiponectin, and proinflammatory cytokines. Moreover, FPUE significantly suppressed HFD-induced adipogenic genes expression, while increasing fatty acid oxidation-related genes expression. Additionally, FPUE treatment attenuated the HFD-induced Firmicutes proportion within the intestinal microbiota by regulating key metabolic pathways, thus enhancing microbial population diversity (e.g., increasing Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Eubacterium, and Clostridium). Together, these results reveal a strong anti-obesity potential of FPUE through adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, weight reduction, and microbiota regulation, raising the possibility of developing FPUE as a novel therapeutic agent to control obesity and obesity-associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Boby
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, the Republic of Korea; Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177 Hyeksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, the Republic of Korea; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Gukchabosang-ro 680, Jung-Gu, Daegu 41944, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Muhammad Aleem Abbas
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Eon-Bee Lee
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Zi-Eum Im
- Institute of Forest Resources Development, Andong-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 36605, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Jin Lee
- Developmental and Reproductive Toxicology Research Group, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon 34114, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Chun Park
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, the Republic of Korea; Cardiovascular Research Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Gukchabosang-ro 680, Jung-Gu, Daegu 41944, the Republic of Korea.
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48
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Nguyen TT, Chidgey K, Wester T, Morel P. Provision of lucerne in the diet or as a manipulable enrichment material enhances feed efficiency and welfare status for growing-finishing pigs. Livest Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2022.105065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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49
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Smith MM, Melrose J. Xylan Prebiotics and the Gut Microbiome Promote Health and Wellbeing: Potential Novel Roles for Pentosan Polysulfate. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091151. [PMID: 36145372 PMCID: PMC9503530 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This narrative review highlights the complexities of the gut microbiome and health-promoting properties of prebiotic xylans metabolized by the gut microbiome. In animal husbandry, prebiotic xylans aid in the maintenance of a healthy gut microbiome. This prevents the colonization of the gut by pathogenic organisms obviating the need for dietary antibiotic supplementation, a practice which has been used to maintain animal productivity but which has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria that are passed up the food chain to humans. Seaweed xylan-based animal foodstuffs have been developed to eliminate ruminant green-house gas emissions by gut methanogens in ruminant animals, contributing to atmospheric pollution. Biotransformation of pentosan polysulfate by the gut microbiome converts this semi-synthetic sulfated disease-modifying anti-osteoarthritic heparinoid drug to a prebiotic metabolite that promotes gut health, further extending the therapeutic profile and utility of this therapeutic molecule. Xylans are prominent dietary cereal components of the human diet which travel through the gastrointestinal tract as non-digested dietary fibre since the human genome does not contain xylanolytic enzymes. The gut microbiota however digest xylans as a food source. Xylo-oligosaccharides generated in this digestive process have prebiotic health-promoting properties. Engineered commensal probiotic bacteria also have been developed which have been engineered to produce growth factors and other bioactive factors. A xylan protein induction system controls the secretion of these compounds by the commensal bacteria which can promote gut health or, if these prebiotic compounds are transported by the vagal nervous system, may also regulate the health of linked organ systems via the gut–brain, gut–lung and gut–stomach axes. Dietary xylans are thus emerging therapeutic compounds warranting further study in novel disease prevention protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M. Smith
- Raymond Purves Laboratory of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Campus, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Correspondence:
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50
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Liu FH, Du ZD, Li XY, Wei YF, Wen ZY, Yan S, Sun ML, Qin X, Gao S, Gong TT, Wu QJ. Pre-diagnosis fiber : carbohydrate intake ratio and mortality of ovarian cancer: results from a prospective cohort study. Food Funct 2022; 13:10046-10054. [PMID: 36093635 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01379g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The association between the ratio of fiber to carbohydrate (F : C-R) and cancer mortality is not currently well-known. We prospectively evaluated for the first time the aforementioned topic among ovarian cancer (OC) patients. Methods: A total of 703 newly diagnosed OC patients aged 18-79 years were included. Pre-diagnosis diet intake details were collected with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Deaths were ascertained until March 31, 2021, based on medical records and the cancer registry. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between pre-diagnostic fiber, carbohydrate, and F : C-R intake and OC mortality. Restricted cubic splines were used to analyze the potential nonlinear relationship between F : C-R and OC mortality. Results: During the follow-up period (median: 37.2 months; interquartile: 24.7-50.2 months), we observed 130 (18.49%) OC patients died. The pre-diagnosis higher fiber intake (comparing the highest with the lowest tertile of intake: HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.35-0.92; HR per 1 SD increment: 0.78, 95% CI = 0.64-0.96; P trend < 0.05) and higher F : C-R intake (comparing the highest with the lowest tertile of intake: HR = 0.51, 95% CI = 0.31-0.85; HR per 1-SD increment: 0.73; 95% CI = 0.59-0.91; P trend < 0.05) were significantly associated with lower mortality for OC patients, but no evidence of the association between pre-diagnosis carbohydrate intake and OC mortality was observed. We found no evidence of a nonlinear relationship between F : C-R and OC mortality. Significant inverse associations were also observed for subgroup analyses stratified by age at diagnosis, menopausal status, residual lesions, histological type, FIGO stage, and body mass index, although not all associations showed statistical significance. Conclusion: Pre-diagnosis high fiber intake and high F : C-R diet intake were associated with a decreased risk of OC mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Hua Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zong-Da Du
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin-Yu Li
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Wen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shi Yan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ming-Li Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Xue Qin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Ting-Ting Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China.
| | - Qi-Jun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China. .,Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, San Hao Street, Shenyang, Liaoning 110004, China. .,Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Liaoning Province, China
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