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Zhang Y, Li B, Cai H, Fu Y, Zheng Y. Associations of iron metabolism and inflammation with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a large NHANES community sample: Moderating and mediating effects. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1854-1863. [PMID: 38658228 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS This study aimed to assess the associations between serum iron concentration, C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in the general population and to explore potential mediating and moderating effects. METHODS AND RESULTS This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning the years 1999-2010, encompassing 23,634 participants. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to investigate the independent associations of serum iron and CRP with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Moderation and mediation analyses explored the moderating effect of CRP on the association between the serum iron concentration and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and the mediating role of the serum iron concentration in the association between the CRP concentration and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. After multivariate adjustments in the Cox model, serum iron and CRP levels were independently correlated with both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk. Moderation analyses revealed a more pronounced correlation between the serum iron concentration and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in participants with higher CRP levels. Mediation analysis indicated that the serum iron concentration partly mediated the impact of CRP on the risk of all-cause mortality (13.79%) and cardiovascular mortality (24.12%). CONCLUSION Serum iron and CRP are independently associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Moreover, the associations between serum iron concentrations and both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality are more pronounced in individuals with elevated CRP. Serum iron partially mediates the effect of CRP on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaoting Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - He Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Marino Cerrato L, Schiano E, Iannuzzo F, Tenore GC, Summa V, Daglia M, Novellino E, Stornaiuolo M. A Rapid and Reliable Spectrofluorimetric Method to Measure the Urinary Lactulose/Mannitol Ratio for Dysbiosis Assessment. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1557. [PMID: 39062130 PMCID: PMC11274872 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in human health homeostasis, and the result of its alteration, known as dysbiosis, leads to several pathologies (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic syndrome, and Crohn's disease). Traditional methods used to assess dysbiosis include the dual sugar absorption test and the urinary lactulose/mannitol ratio (LMR) measurement using mass spectrometry. Despite its precision, this approach is costly and requires specialized equipment. Hence, we developed a rapid and reliable spectrofluorimetric method for measuring LMR in urine, offering a more accessible alternative. This spectrofluorimetric assay quantifies the fluorescence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) produced during the enzymatic oxidation of mannitol and lactulose, respectively. The assay requires 100 µL of urine samples and detects LMR values lower (eubiosis) and higher (dysbiosis) than 0.05, ultimately being amenable to high-throughput screening and automatization, making it practical for clinical and research settings. A validation of the method demonstrated its high precision, accuracy, and robustness. Additionally, this study confirmed analyte stability under various storage conditions, ensuring reliable results even with delayed analysis. Overall, this spectrofluorimetric technique reduces costs, time, and the environmental impact associated with traditional mass spectrometry methods, making it a viable option for widespread use in the assessment of dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Marino Cerrato
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (L.M.C.); (G.C.T.); (V.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Elisabetta Schiano
- Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center s.r.l., Strada Statale Sannitica KM 20.700, 81020 Caserta, Italy; (E.S.); (E.N.)
| | - Fortuna Iannuzzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti-Pescara G. D’Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Gian Carlo Tenore
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (L.M.C.); (G.C.T.); (V.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Vincenzo Summa
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (L.M.C.); (G.C.T.); (V.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (L.M.C.); (G.C.T.); (V.S.); (M.D.)
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Inventia Biotech-Healthcare Food Research Center s.r.l., Strada Statale Sannitica KM 20.700, 81020 Caserta, Italy; (E.S.); (E.N.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Mariano Stornaiuolo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (L.M.C.); (G.C.T.); (V.S.); (M.D.)
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3
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Vieira de Sousa JP, Santos-Sousa H, Vieira S, Nunes R, Nogueiro J, Pereira A, Resende F, Costa-Pinho A, Preto J, Sousa-Pinto B, Carneiro S, Lima-da-Costa E. Assessing Nutritional Deficiencies in Bariatric Surgery Patients: A Comparative Study of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass versus Sleeve Gastrectomy. J Pers Med 2024; 14:650. [PMID: 38929871 PMCID: PMC11204764 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14060650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic, and bariatric surgery is considered the primary treatment for long-term weight loss and managing obesity-related health issues. Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) are the most performed procedures. Nutritional deficiencies are a significant concern following bariatric surgery and can have serious consequences. This study aims to compare the incidence of nutritional deficiencies in patients undergoing RYGB and SG. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the nutritional status of 505 consecutive patients who underwent either RYGB or SG between January and December 2019. Data were collected regarding vitamin B12, folic acid, vitamin D, calcium, PTH, magnesium, hemoglobin, iron, ferritin, and transferrin at preoperative, 6-month, and 12-month intervals post-surgery. The RYGB group showed significantly higher excess weight loss. Vitamin B12, hemoglobin, and ferritin levels were consistently higher in the SG group throughout the study. Vitamin D deficiency was prevalent, with no significant difference between the groups. Vitamin B12 deficiency was significantly more common in the RYGB group (6 months: 17.46% vs. 4.69%, p < 0.001; 12 months: 16.74% vs. 0.93%, p < 0.001). Despite differences in their mechanisms, bariatric surgeries were associated with nutritional deficiencies. It is crucial to efficiently assess, prevent, and manage these deficiencies tailored to each surgical procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- José P. Vieira de Sousa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
- Surgery Department, São João University Medical Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Santos-Sousa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João University Medical Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Sofia Vieira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
| | - Rita Nunes
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
| | - Jorge Nogueiro
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
- Surgery Department, São João University Medical Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - André Pereira
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
- Surgery Department, São João University Medical Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Resende
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João University Medical Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - André Costa-Pinho
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João University Medical Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - John Preto
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João University Medical Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Bernardo Sousa-Pinto
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
- MEDCIDS—Department of Community Medicine, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS—Center for Health Technology and Services Research, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Silvestre Carneiro
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
- Surgery Department, São João University Medical Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Lima-da-Costa
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; (J.P.V.d.S.); (S.V.); (R.N.); (J.N.); (A.P.); (F.R.); (A.C.-P.); (B.S.-P.); (S.C.); (E.L.-d.-C.)
- Obesity Integrated Responsibility Unit (CRI-O), São João University Medical Center, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
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Okunade KS, Olowoselu FO, Oyedeji OA, Oshodi YA, Ugwu AO, Olumodeji AM, Adejimi AA, Adenekan MA, Ojo T, Ademuyiwa IY, Adaramoye V, Okoro AC, Olowe A, Adelabu H, Akinmola OO, Yusuf-Awesu S, Oluwole AA. Prevalence and determinants of moderate-to-severe anaemia in the third trimester of pregnancy: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Lagos, Nigeria. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11411. [PMID: 38762586 PMCID: PMC11102504 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The high burden of anaemia during pregnancy underscores the urgent need to gain a comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to its widespread occurrence. Our study assessed the prevalence and the trends of moderate-to-severe anaemia (MSA) in late pregnancy (28 to 36 weeks) and then investigated the key determinants driving this prevalence among women in Lagos, Nigeria. We conducted a secondary data analysis involving 1216 women enrolled in the Predict-PPH study between January and March 2023. We employed a multivariate binary logistic regression model with a backward stepwise selection approach to identify significant predictors of MSA. The study revealed a 14.5% prevalence of MSA during pregnancy. Independent predictors of MSA included having given birth to two or more children (adjusted odds ratio = 1.46, 95% confidence interval: 1.03-2.07), having a maternal body mass index (BMI) of 28 kg/m2 or higher (adjusted odds ratio = 1.84, 95% confidence interval: 1.29-2.61), having less than tertiary education (adjusted odds ratio = 1.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.08-2.11), and being unemployed (adjusted odds ratio = 1.97, 95% confidence interval: 1.19-3.26). It is crucial for pregnant women, particularly those with higher parities and elevated BMI, to be monitored regularly for anaemia and its consequences during their antenatal care. Additionally, addressing the link between low education, unemployment, and anaemia necessitates comprehensive strategies that empower women in terms of education and economic status to enhance the overall well-being of individuals and communities, ultimately reducing the prevalence of anaemia and associated health issues in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehinde S Okunade
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital, PMB 12003, Lagos, Nigeria.
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.
- Center for Clinical Trials, Research and Implementation Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria.
| | - Festus O Olowoselu
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olufemi A Oyedeji
- Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Yusuf A Oshodi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Aloy O Ugwu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 68 Nigerian Army Reference Hospital, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ayokunle M Olumodeji
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Adebola A Adejimi
- Department of Community Health & Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Muisi A Adenekan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos Island Maternity Hospital, Lagos Island, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Temitope Ojo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Federal Medical Center, Ebute-Meta, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Iyabo Y Ademuyiwa
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Victoria Adaramoye
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Austin C Okoro
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Atinuke Olowe
- Department of Nursing Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Hameed Adelabu
- Center for Clinical Trials, Research and Implementation Science, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Olukayode O Akinmola
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Surulere, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Salimat Yusuf-Awesu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji A Oluwole
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital, PMB 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
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Newson L, Abayomi J. Reframing interventions for optimal child nutrition and childhood obesity: the importance of considering psychological factors. Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38205619 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124000028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This review aims to emphasise the impact of poor nutrition on children's health and psychological well-being, urging those involved in childhood obesity or nutrition services to broaden their intervention approach. Poor nutrition and childhood obesity affect physical and psychological health. The stress of living with obesity further impacts quality of life, well-being and self-esteem. Children living with obesity may experience adverse childhood events and stress, and young people are able to recall the impact of psychosocial issues such as experiencing stigma and discrimination. Food is often a coping mechanism for managing negative emotions, perpetuating cycles of emotional coping and unhealthy eating behaviours. UK guidelines recommend family-based, multi-component weight management interventions for children living with obesity. Interventions mainly target health behaviours and utilise behaviour change techniques attempting to directly improve diet and physical activity as behavioural outcomes. Whilst these interventions may show some improvements in psychological well-being, there is limited consideration or understanding of the underlying mechanisms of action which indirectly influence engagement and the sustainability of the behaviour change. Lack of attention and inclusion of psychosocial variables in intervention implementation may help explain the variable effectiveness reported across childhood obesity interventions. In conclusion, enhancing the effectiveness of childhood obesity interventions requires a broader approach that fully incorporates psychosocial factors. Those responsible for commissioning, designing and implementing these interventions should adopt a holistic approach that addresses psychological and emotional needs while incorporating underlying mechanisms of action. This shift in focus could result in more sustainable and comprehensive treatment for childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Newson
- School of Psychology, Research Centre for Brain and Behaviour, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK
| | - Julie Abayomi
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edgehill University, Liverpool, UK
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Jorgenson MC, Aguree S, Schalinske KL, Reddy MB. Effects of green tea polyphenols on inflammation and iron status. J Nutr Sci 2023; 12:e119. [PMID: 38155809 PMCID: PMC10753450 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2023.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is an underlying problem for many disease states and has been implicated in iron deficiency (ID). This study aimed to determine whether iron status is improved by epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) through reducing inflammation. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an iron-deficient diet for 2 weeks and then randomly divided into four groups (n 8 each): positive controls, negative controls, lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0⋅5 mg/kg body weight), and LPS + EGCG (LPS plus 600 mg EGCG/kg diet) for 3 additional weeks. The study involved testing two control groups, both treated with saline. One group (positive control) was fed a regular diet containing standard iron, while the negative control was fed an iron-deficient diet. Additionally, two treatment groups were tested. The first group was given LPS, while the second group was administered LPS and fed an EGCG diet. Iron status, hepcidin, C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured. There were no differences in treatment groups compared with control in CRP, hepcidin, and liver iron concentrations. Serum iron concentrations were significantly lower in the LPS (P = 0⋅02) and the LPS + EGCG (P = 0⋅01) than in the positive control group. Compared to the positive control group, spleen iron concentrations were significantly lower in the negative control (P < 0⋅001) but not with both LPS groups. SAA concentrations were significantly lower in the LPS + EGCG group compared to LPS alone group. EGCG reduced SAA concentrations but did not affect hepcidin or improve serum iron concentration or other iron markers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sixtus Aguree
- Department of Applied Health Science, Indiana University School of Public Health—Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Kevin L. Schalinske
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Manju B. Reddy
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
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Al-Akabi DF, Hafth HA. Physiological effect of iron status on patients with polycystic ovary syndrome in Basrah city. J Med Biochem 2023; 42:530-535. [PMID: 37790203 PMCID: PMC10542276 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-39091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common gynecological diseases that affect the fertility in women in Basra governorate. The current study was designed in order to assess iron aberrations in PCOS patients by measuring the related parameters and their relationship with sex hormones in patients with PCOS. Serum samples were collected from 45 PCOS patients and 45 controls from a private women's clinic and were measured by ELISA in a private medical laboratory. The results showed a significant decrease in the level of hepcidin, transferrin and estradiol versus a significant increase in iron, ferritin, progesterone and testosterone. The current study showed a clear imbalance in the level of iron and its serum regulating parameters in in PCOS women, and there is an effective correlation between iron status and sex hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalal F. Al-Akabi
- Al-Kunooze University College, Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Basrah, Iraq
| | - Hanadi A. Hafth
- Al-Kunooze University College, Dental Department, Basrah, Iraq
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Arcot A, Xing X, Gao X, Font SA, Murray-Kolb LE. Iron status, development, and behavior in young children in the Pennsylvania foster care system. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289951. [PMID: 37590213 PMCID: PMC10434919 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children in foster care are classified as a highly vulnerable population and struggle with both physical and mental health problems. Medical conditions, like poor nutritional status, remain understudied in children in foster care. To our knowledge, few studies in children in U.S. foster care have quantified the prevalence of anemia, and no studies have examined the association between anemia status and relevant developmental and behavioral outcomes. OBJECTIVE/AIMS (1) To determine the prevalence of anemia among children in or adopted from Pennsylvania foster care, between the ages of six months to ten years and (2) To examine if a child's anemia status is associated with greater odds of relevant developmental and behavioral diagnoses. METHODS We conducted a secondary data analysis utilizing the Medicaid Analytic eXtract database between 2010-2015. Children six months-ten years were included in the analysis if they were in or had been adopted from Pennsylvania foster care. Logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals for the association between iron status and health outcomes. RESULTS A total of 50,311 children were included in our sample, of which 1,365 children (2.7%) were diagnosed with anemia. Children diagnosed with anemia had greater odds of delayed milestones (AOR: 2.38 [1.64-3.45]), specific delays in development (AOR: 1.59 [1.23-2.07]), adjustment disorder (AOR: 1.59 [1.06-2.39]), and irritability (AOR: 10.57 [3.36-33.25]), than children not diagnosed with anemia. CONCLUSION The prevalence of anemia among children between six months-ten years in or adopted from the Pennsylvania foster care system is within the national rate of U.S. childhood anemia. Odds of several relevant developmental and behavioral diagnoses were greater among children diagnosed with anemia than children who were not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Arcot
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Xueyi Xing
- Evidence-to-Impact Collaborative, Social Science Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sarah A. Font
- Department of Sociology and Criminology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States of America
| | - Laura E. Murray-Kolb
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States of America
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9
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Wu Q, Li S, Zhang X, Dong N. Type II Transmembrane Serine Proteases as Modulators in Adipose Tissue Phenotype and Function. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1794. [PMID: 37509434 PMCID: PMC10376093 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is a crucial organ in energy metabolism and thermoregulation. Adipose tissue phenotype is controlled by various signaling mechanisms under pathophysiological conditions. Type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs) are a group of trypsin-like enzymes anchoring on the cell surface. These proteases act in diverse tissues to regulate physiological processes, such as food digestion, salt-water balance, iron metabolism, epithelial integrity, and auditory nerve development. More recently, several members of the TTSP family, namely, hepsin, matriptase-2, and corin, have been shown to play a role in regulating lipid metabolism, adipose tissue phenotype, and thermogenesis, via direct growth factor activation or indirect hormonal mechanisms. In mice, hepsin deficiency increases adipose browning and protects from high-fat diet-induced hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. Similarly, matriptase-2 deficiency increases fat lipolysis and reduces obesity and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-fed mice. In contrast, corin deficiency increases white adipose weights and cell sizes, suppresses adipocyte browning and thermogenic responses, and causes cold intolerance in mice. These findings highlight an important role of TTSPs in modifying cellular phenotype and function in adipose tissue. In this review, we provide a brief description about TTSPs and discuss recent findings regarding the role of hepsin, matriptase-2, and corin in regulating adipose tissue phenotype, energy metabolism, and thermogenic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Wu
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Xianrui Zhang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Ningzheng Dong
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Prevention, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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10
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Park JJ, Yoon M, Cho HW, Lee SE, Choi JO, Yoo BS, Kang SM, Choi DJ. Iron Deficiency in Korean Patients With Heart Failure. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e177. [PMID: 37309696 PMCID: PMC10261703 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although iron deficiency (ID) is an important and treatable risk factor for heart failure (HF), data on ID are scarce in Asian patients with HF. Therefore, we sought to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of ID in hospitalized Korean patients with HF. METHODS In this prospective, multicenter cohort study, 461 patients with acute HF seen at five tertiary centers from January to November 2019 in Korea were enrolled. ID was defined as serum ferritin < 100 μg/L or ferritin 100-299 μg/L in combination with transferrin saturation < 20%. RESULTS The patients' mean age was 67.6 ± 14.9 years, and 61.8% were male. Among total 461 patients, ID was present in 248 patients (53.8%). The prevalence of ID was significantly higher in women than in men (65.3% vs. 47.3%, P < 0.001). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, the independent predictors of ID were female sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.47-3.30), valvular heart disease (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.10-4.17), higher heart rate (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.21), anemia (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.07-2.40), and the use of clopidogrel (OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.00-2.45). Among women, the prevalence of ID did not significantly differ between younger and older women (< 65 years: 73.7% vs. ≥ 65 years: 63.0%, P = 0.222), those with low and high body mass index (BMI < 25 kg/m²: 66.2% vs. BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²: 69.6%, P = 0.703), or those with low and high natriuretic peptide (NP) levels (NP < median: 69.8% vs. NP ≥ median: 61.1%, P = 0.295). Only 0.2% patients with acute HF received intravenous iron supplementation in Korea. CONCLUSION The prevalence of ID is high in hospitalized Korean patients with HF. Because ID cannot be diagnosed by clinical parameters, routine laboratory examinations are necessary to identify patients with ID. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04812873.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Joo Park
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Minjae Yoon
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Won Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sang-Eun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin-Oh Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byung-Su Yoo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Seok-Min Kang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Ju Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.
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11
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Aguree S, Owora A, Hawkins M, Reddy MB. Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Women with and without Obesity: NHANES 2001-2006. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102272. [PMID: 37242155 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been linked to numerous health and nutritional problems, including impaired iron metabolism, a common cause of anemia. We aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia, iron deficiency (ID), and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among women aged 20-49 years based on body mass index (BMI) status. We used measures of iron status and body mass index from the 2001-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Mean serum ferritin, erythrocyte protoporphyrin, and soluble transferrin receptor were higher, while those of serum iron, percent transferrin saturation, and mean cell volume (MCV) were lower in women with obesity than those with normal weight (all p < 0.016). ID based on the ferritin model was 12.5 ± 1.0% vs. 22.9 ± 1.6% (p < 0.001); 9.0 ± 0.9% vs. 20.0 ± 1.3% (p < 0.001) based on the MCV model; and 8.1 ± 1.0% vs. 10.5 ± 1.2% (p > 0.05) based on the BII model for women with normal weight and women with obesity, respectively. Anemia prevalence was 5.5 ± 0.8% (normal) vs. 9.3 ± 1.0% (obese) (p = 0.005). The IDA estimates based on the ferritin and MCV models were similar but higher than that from the BII model (p < 0.001). Generally, the prevalence rates of ID and anemia (and IDA) were higher for women with obesity, but the method used to define deficiency mattered. The choice of iron indices is important for estimating ID and IDA in populations with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixtus Aguree
- Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Arthur Owora
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 47405, USA
| | - Misty Hawkins
- Department of Health and Wellness Design, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Manju B Reddy
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
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12
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Xia C, Xiao T, Hu S, Luo H, Lu Q, Fu H, Liang D. Long-Term Outcomes of Iron Deficiency Before and After Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Obes Surg 2023; 33:897-910. [PMID: 36701012 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-06465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study reviews the prevalence of iron deficiency (ID) in bariatric surgery candidates and the long-term outcomes of the prevalence of ID after bariatric surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed in PubMed for articles published by August 31, 2022, including these search terms: bariatric surgery, metabolic surgery, weight loss surgery, obesity surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric banding, gastric bypass, duodenal switch, duodenojejunal bypass, iron, iron deficiency, sideropenia, and hypoferritinemia. Fifty-seven studies examining a total of 26,328 patients with morbidly obese were included in this meta-analysis finally. RESULTS The results showed a prevalence of 17% of ID in bariatric surgery candidates and a prevalence of 14%, 17%, 26%, 34%, 23%, 38%, and 23% of ID at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 8-, and 10-year follow-up after bariatric surgery, respectively. Additionally, the results showed a prevalence of 15%, 19%, 35%, 38%, 29%, 30%, and 23% of ID at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 8-, and 10-year follow-up after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, respectively; a prevalence of 12%, 12%, 15%, 31%, and 17% of ID at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year follow-up after sleeve gastrectomy, respectively; and a prevalence of 19% of ID at 1-year follow-up after anastomosis gastric bypass. CONCLUSION As a result, preoperative evaluation and correction of ID may lead to better outcomes for bariatric surgery candidates. ID is also common in patients after bariatric procedures, especially RYGB. Long-term, even lifelong, medical and nutritional monitoring and tailored interventions are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuqi Xia
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Taifu Xiao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Sheng Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Haibo Luo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Qiyu Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Hongrui Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China
| | - Daoming Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650101, China.
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13
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Zhou Z, Zhang H, Chen K, Liu C. Iron status and obesity-related traits: A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:985338. [PMID: 36864839 PMCID: PMC9971727 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.985338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between iron status and obesity-related traits is well established by observational studies, but the causality is uncertain. In this study, we performed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal link between iron status and obesity-related traits. METHODS The genetic instruments strongly associated with body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), serum ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation (TSAT), and total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) were obtained through a series of screening processes from summary data of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of European individuals. We used numerous MR analytical methods, such as inverse-variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, and maximum likelihood to make the conclusions more robust and credible, and alternate methods, including the MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran's Q test, and leave-one-out analysis to evaluate the horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneities. In addition, the MR-PRESSO and RadialMR methods were utilized to identify and remove outliers, eventually achieving reduced heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. RESULTS The results of IVW analysis indicated that genetically predicted BMI was associated with increased levels of serum ferritin (β: 0.077, 95% CI: 0.038, 0.116, P=1.18E-04) and decreased levels of serum iron (β: -0.066, 95% CI: -0.106, -0.026, P=0.001) and TSAT (β: -0.080, 95% CI: -0.124, -0.037, P=3.08E-04), but not associated with the levels of TIBC. However, the genetically predicted WHR was not associated with iron status. Genetically predicted iron status were not associated with BMI and WHR. CONCLUSIONS In European individuals, BMI may be the causative factor of serum ferritin, serum iron, and TSAT, but the iron status does not cause changes in BMI or WHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengyuan Zhou
- Department of Nutrition, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zengyuan Zhou,
| | - Hanyu Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Clinical Medical College & Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Nutrition, Chengdu Women’s and Children’s Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Changqi Liu
- School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, ;United States
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14
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Anemia Burden among Hospital Attendees in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Anemia 2022; 2022:4709119. [PMID: 35495413 PMCID: PMC9054465 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4709119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anemia is a major health problem in Saudi Arabia and has multiple etiologies. Many studies have been conducted in Saudi Arabia in specific population groups like school children, adolescents, university students, and females in the reproductive age group, and most have reported high prevalence of anemia. This study was conducted in a specialist hospital in Makkah city and includes all outpatients aged 15 years and above. Objective To study the burden of anemia among hospital attendees, its stratification based on gender and age, and its severity along with the morphological types of anemia. Methods This is a study conducted at a specialist hospital in Makkah city and one-month data were collected retrospectively from the laboratory database and include demographic and routine hematological results of complete blood count (CBC). Results A total of 21,524 patients were included, out of which 9444 (43.9%) were males and 12020 (56.1%) were females. The overall prevalence of anemia was 38.7% (8339). Prevalence was very high in females, accounting for 68.2% (5689), whereas it was 31.8% (2650) in males. There were 39.6% (3301), 43.9% (3657), and 16.6% (1381) cases of mild, moderate, and severe anemia, respectively. In females, anemia was more prevalent in the age group of 15 to 49, which is considered as the reproductive age group. Microcytic anemia was the most prevalent type observed in this age group, accounting for 40.7% of all anemia cases. Normocytic anemia was more prevalent in the males, accounting for 52%. Conclusion Our study showed high prevalence of anemia among the patients attending outpatient departments in a specialist hospital. Females have high prevalence of anemia when compared to male population. Microcytic anemia was the most common anemia type among females and was seen in the 15–49 age group. There is an increase in prevalence of anemia with age for males, whereas, in females, increased prevalence is observed in the reproductive age groups and the anemia prevalence maintained a steady decrease towards the 5th to the 9th decades. Normocytic anemia was more prevalent in the 5th to the 9th decades, indicating that there are more etiologies other than iron deficiency in the causation of anemia. Macrocytic anemia was the least reported anemia type. Anemia of mild and moderate severity was predominant in both genders, although severe anemia showed higher prevalence in females as compared to males. Conclusion Our study showed high prevalence of anemia among the patients attending outpatient departments in a specialist hospital. Females have high prevalence of anemia when compared to male population. Microcytic anemia was the most common anemia type among females and was seen in the 15–49 age group. There is an increase in prevalence of anemia with age for males, whereas, in females, increased prevalence is observed in the reproductive age groups and the anemia prevalence maintained a steady decrease towards the 5th to the 9th decades. Normocytic anemia was more prevalent in the 5th to the 9th decades, indicating that there are more etiologies other than iron deficiency in the causation of anemia. Macrocytic anemia was the least reported anemia type. Anemia of mild and moderate severity was predominant in both genders, although severe anemia showed higher prevalence in females as compared to males. Conclusion. Anemia is highly prevalent in adolescents, adults, and the elderly in Makkah region. The most common cause is thought to be iron deficiency, although other causes are not uncommon. The authorities need to address the problem of prevention and reduction in anemia prevalence by taking effective measures and interventions.
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15
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Zhai Y, Pang Y. Systemic and Ovarian Inflammation in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 151:103628. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Dashti HS, Miranda N, Cade BE, Huang T, Redline S, Karlson EW, Saxena R. Interaction of obesity polygenic score with lifestyle risk factors in an electronic health record biobank. BMC Med 2022; 20:5. [PMID: 35016652 PMCID: PMC8753909 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic and lifestyle factors have considerable effects on obesity and related diseases, yet their effects in a clinical cohort are unknown. This study in a patient biobank examined associations of a BMI polygenic risk score (PRS), and its interactions with lifestyle risk factors, with clinically measured BMI and clinical phenotypes. METHODS The Mass General Brigham (MGB) Biobank is a hospital-based cohort with electronic health record, genetic, and lifestyle data. A PRS for obesity was generated using 97 genetic variants for BMI. An obesity lifestyle risk index using survey responses to obesogenic lifestyle risk factors (alcohol, education, exercise, sleep, smoking, and shift work) was used to dichotomize the cohort into high and low obesogenic index based on the population median. Height and weight were measured at a clinical visit. Multivariable linear cross-sectional associations of the PRS with BMI and interactions with the obesity lifestyle risk index were conducted. In phenome-wide association analyses (PheWAS), similar logistic models were conducted for 675 disease outcomes derived from billing codes. RESULTS Thirty-three thousand five hundred eleven patients were analyzed (53.1% female; age 60.0 years; BMI 28.3 kg/m2), of which 17,040 completed the lifestyle survey (57.5% female; age: 60.2; BMI: 28.1 (6.2) kg/m2). Each standard deviation increment in the PRS was associated with 0.83 kg/m2 unit increase in BMI (95% confidence interval (CI) =0.76, 0.90). There was an interaction between the obesity PRS and obesity lifestyle risk index on BMI. The difference in BMI between those with a high and low obesogenic index was 3.18 kg/m2 in patients in the highest decile of PRS, whereas that difference was only 1.55 kg/m2 in patients in the lowest decile of PRS. In PheWAS, the obesity PRS was associated with 40 diseases spanning endocrine/metabolic, circulatory, and 8 other disease groups. No interactions were evident between the PRS and the index on disease outcomes. CONCLUSIONS In this hospital-based clinical biobank, obesity risk conferred by common genetic variants was associated with elevated BMI and this risk was attenuated by a healthier patient lifestyle. Continued consideration of the role of lifestyle in the context of genetic predisposition in healthcare settings is necessary to quantify the extent to which modifiable lifestyle risk factors may moderate genetic predisposition and inform clinical action to achieve personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan S Dashti
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA. .,Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Nicole Miranda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian E Cade
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth W Karlson
- Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine, Mass General Brigham HealthCare, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicines, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richa Saxena
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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17
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Auerbach M, Achebe MM, Thomsen LL, Derman RJ. Efficacy and safety of ferric derisomaltose (FDI) compared with iron sucrose (IS) in patients with iron deficiency anemia after bariatric surgery. Obes Surg 2022; 32:810-818. [PMID: 35000068 PMCID: PMC8866325 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Iron deficiency is common following bariatric surgery, and treatment with intravenous iron is often required. This post hoc analysis of data from two randomized, open-label, multicenter trials evaluated the efficacy and safety of ferric derisomaltose (FDI; formerly iron isomaltoside 1000) versus iron sucrose (IS) over 4 weeks in adults with iron deficiency anemia (IDA) resulting from prior bariatric surgery. Materials and methods Data were pooled for participants who received FDI or IS in the PROVIDE or FERWON-IDA trials for the treatment of IDA post bariatric surgery. Efficacy outcomes included changes in hemoglobin (Hb) and iron parameters; safety outcomes included the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), serious or severe hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs), and hypophosphatemia. Results The analysis included 159 patients. Mean (standard deviation) cumulative iron doses were 1199 (± 347) mg for FDI and 937 (± 209) mg for IS. Compared with IS, FDI resulted in a faster and more pronounced Hb response, and a higher proportion of responders (Hb level increase ≥ 2 g/dL from baseline) at all time points. The incidence of ADRs was similar with FDI and IS (15.1% and 18.2%, respectively), with no serious ADRs or serious or severe HSRs reported. The incidence of hypophosphatemia was low and similar in both treatment groups, with no cases of severe hypophosphatemia observed. Conclusions In patients with IDA resulting from bariatric surgery, FDI produced a faster and more pronounced Hb response than IS. Both FDI and IS were well tolerated. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Auerbach
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Maureen M Achebe
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lars L Thomsen
- Department of Clinical and Non-Clinical Research, Pharmacosmos A/S, Holbæk, Denmark
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El-Helou N, El-Mallah C, Wehbe N, Bissani N, Stoffel N, Herter-Aeberli I, Zimmermann M, Obeid O. A test to measure oral iron absorption and glucose tolerance simultaneously in 18 to 55 year old premenopausal women. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 46:325-329. [PMID: 34857214 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Several methods are available to measure iron absorption (IA). The oral iron absorption test (OIAT) measures IA based on a change in serum iron (ΔSeFe) concentration after an oral iron dose. The objective of this study was to validate the OIAT by comparing it to the reference method of fractional iron absorption (FIA) using red blood cell incorporation of stable iron isotopes from a labeled iron dose. A second objective was to assess whether the OIAT could be done simultaneously with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), since iron deficiency and glucose intolerance may coexist, especially among overweight individuals with low-grade inflammation. METHODS In this prospective experimental study, 116 women were enrolled and IA was measured using two different approaches 1) FIA from a labeled test meal containing 6 mg of 57Fe and 2) the OIAT assessing ΔSeFe at 2 h after the intake of 100 mg oral iron, done simultaneously with an OGTT. Markers of iron status, glycaemia and inflammation, and serum hepcidin, were measured. RESULTS Prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency (defined as low serum ferritin) were 21% and 14%, respectively. ΔSeFe during the OIAT-OGTT was positively associated with FIA (r = 0.578, p < 0.001). ΔSeFe was not significantly correlated with markers of glucose and insulin metabolism during the OIAT-OGTT. CONCLUSIONS The combined OIAT and OGTT method described here correlates well with FIA measured by stable iron isotopes, and could provide information on both IA and glucose tolerance in a single 2-h test, decreasing the burden on patients. clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03642223).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehmat El-Helou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carla El-Mallah
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour Wehbe
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nour Bissani
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nicole Stoffel
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabelle Herter-Aeberli
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Zimmermann
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Laboratory of Human Nutrition, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Omar Obeid
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age. Although its essential clinical manifestation includes a plethora of symptoms and signs, which largely reflects the underlying hyperandrogenism, oligo/anovulation, and polycystic ovarian morphology, PCOS may also be associated with many metabolic derangements. These metabolic derangements happen to overlap with many of the core constituents of the metabolic syndrome (MBS)—increased insulin resistance, central obesity, and dyslipidemia. The two disorders also display similarly increased risks for certain metabolic and vascular diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Due to the many similarities between metabolic syndrome and PCOS, this review aims to examine the evidence concerning the overlapping features, the risks for comorbidities, possible shared mechanisms, and treatment strategies in patients with coexisting PCOS and MBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Chiao Hsieh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Kai Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Jou Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Livia ShangYu Wan Chair Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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20
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Kamruzzaman M. Is BMI associated with anemia and hemoglobin level of women and children in Bangladesh: A study with multiple statistical approaches. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259116. [PMID: 34710186 PMCID: PMC8553127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The coexistence of undernutrition and obesity is an emerging problem for developing countries like Bangladesh. Anemia is another critical public health threat, prevalent predominantly among women and children. Undernutrition is linked with a higher risk of anemia, and lower dietary iron intake might be the possible reason. However, the risk of anemia among obese/overweight individuals is controversial. The study explores the relation of BMI with anemia and blood hemoglobin level among women and children in Bangladesh. Methods Multiple statistical approaches were employed to nationally representative secondary data (BDHS 2011) on women (n = 5680) age 15–49 years and children (n = 2373) age 6–59 months to illuminate the relation between BMI and anemia. BMI was categorized according to the WHO recommended BMI category for Asian people. Descriptive statistics were used to measure mean hemoglobin level. Chi-square test, Pearson correlation, Two-way ANOVA, binary, ordinal, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) regression were used to study the association of BMI with anemia and hemoglobin level. Results Chi-square test reveals significant association, though not intense, among BMI and anemia categories of women (15–49 years) (χ2 ≥99, p<2.2e-16 and Cramér’s V = 0.0799–0.1357). From ANOVA analysis, a significant difference in blood hemoglobin level was found among women (total sample and nonpregnant) with different BMI categories (p≤0.05). Binary (Severely Underweight: OR 1.2680, 95% CI 0.755–2.161; Obese: OR 0.4038, 95% CI 0.120–1.177), Ordinal logistic regression (Severely Underweight: OR 1.337, 95% CI 0.842–2.115; Obese: OR 0.504, 95% CI 0.153–1.411) and restricted cubic spline regression (Severely Underweight: OR >1.5; Obese: OR ~0.5) reveal that the risk of anemia was higher among underweight and lower among obese/overweight women compared to normal women. Lower anemia risk among richest women indicates probable higher dietary iron intake among obese/overweight women. Conclusion In the current study, women with overweight/obesity from Bangladesh were shown to have lower likelihood of being anemic, while underweight women more likely to be anemic. However, no relation between BMI and anemia was found among children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamruzzaman
- Dept. of Applied Nutrition and Food Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
- * E-mail: ,
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The role of iron homeostasis in remodeling immune function and regulating inflammatory disease. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1806-1816. [PMID: 36654387 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The essential trace element iron regulates a wide range of biological processes in virtually all living organisms. Because both iron deficiency and iron overload can lead to various pathological conditions, iron homeostasis is tightly regulated, and understanding this complex process will help pave the way to developing new therapeutic strategies for inflammatory disease. In recent years, significant progress has been made with respect to elucidating the roles of iron and iron-related genes in the development and maintenance of the immune system. Here, we review the timing and mechanisms by which systemic and cellular iron metabolism are regulated during the inflammatory response and during infectious disease, processes in which both the host and the pathogen compete for iron. We also discuss the evidence and implications that immune cells such as macrophages, T cells, and B cells require sufficient amounts of iron for their proliferation and for mediating their effector functions, in which iron serves as a co-factor in toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling, mitochondrial respiration, posttranslational regulation, and epigenetic modification. In addition, we discuss the therapeutic implications of targeting ferroptosis, iron homeostasis and/or iron metabolism with respect to conferring protection against pathogen infection, controlling inflammation, and improving the efficacy of immunotherapy.
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The Association between Hepcidin and Iron Status in Children and Adolescents with Obesity. J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021:9944035. [PMID: 34258058 PMCID: PMC8257374 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9944035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Iron deficiency (ID) is the most common nutritional deficiency found in pediatric practice. A higher prevalence of ID may be found in children with obesity. Obesity is a chronic low-grade inflammatory condition. It is postulated that inflammation increases hepcidin, a regulator of iron homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations between iron status, hepcidin, and BMI-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) in children with and without obesity. Methods A cross-sectional study of Thai children with obesity (5 to 15 years old) versus age- and sex-matched, nonobese controls was conducted. A total of 63 children with obesity and 27 controls were enrolled. Complete blood count, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin saturation, and total iron binding capacity were analyzed. Serum hepcidin-25 was assayed using a hepcidin ELISA Kit (Human Hepc25). Results There were 63 children with obesity, the median age (IQR) being 10 (9–13) years, and 27 controls. The median (IQR) BMI-SDS of the obese group was 2.3 (2.0–2.6) vs. −0.5 ((−1.3)−0.4) of the control group. ID was diagnosed in 27 children in the obese group (42.9%); 4 of the children with obesity and ID had anemia. Serum hepcidin-25 levels of the children with ID vs. without ID in the obese group were not significantly different (median (IQR) 25 (12.9–49.2) and 26.4 (12.6–43.6), respectively) but both of them were significantly higher than controls (19.7 (8.3–25.5) ng/ml, p = 0.04). BMI-SDS was positively correlated with hepcidin-25 (r = 0.28, p = 0.001). Conclusion Prevalence of iron deficiency in Thai children with obesity and serum hepcidin-25 was higher than controls. Further study in a larger population, preferably with interventions such as weight loss program, is warranted to clarify this association.
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Bjørklund G, Peana M, Pivina L, Dosa A, Aaseth J, Semenova Y, Chirumbolo S, Medici S, Dadar M, Costea DO. Iron Deficiency in Obesity and after Bariatric Surgery. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11050613. [PMID: 33918997 PMCID: PMC8142987 DOI: 10.3390/biom11050613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency (ID) is particularly frequent in obese patients due to increased circulating levels of acute-phase reactant hepcidin and adiposity-associated inflammation. Inflammation in obese subjects is closely related to ID. It induces reduced iron absorption correlated to the inhibition of duodenal ferroportin expression, parallel to the increased concentrations of hepcidin. Obese subjects often get decreased inflammatory response after bariatric surgery, accompanied by decreased serum hepcidin and therefore improved iron absorption. Bariatric surgery can induce the mitigation or resolution of obesity-associated complications, such as hypertension, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia, adjusting many parameters in the metabolism. However, gastric bypass surgery and sleeve gastrectomy can induce malabsorption and may accentuate ID. The present review explores the burden and characteristics of ID and anemia in obese patients after bariatric surgery, accounting for gastric bypass technique (Roux-en-Y gastric bypass-RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG). After bariatric surgery, obese subjects' iron status should be monitored, and they should be motivated to use adequate and recommended iron supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Toften 24, 8610 Mo i Rana, Norway
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (M.P.)
| | - Lyudmila Pivina
- Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan; (L.P.); (Y.S.)
- CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Alexandru Dosa
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (A.D.); (D.-O.C.)
| | - Jan Aaseth
- Research Department, Innlandet Hospital Trust, 2380 Brumunddal, Norway;
| | - Yuliya Semenova
- Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan; (L.P.); (Y.S.)
- CONEM Kazakhstan Environmental Health and Safety Research Group, Semey Medical University, 071400 Semey, Kazakhstan
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy;
- CONEM Scientific Secretary, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Serenella Medici
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 31975/148, Iran;
| | - Daniel-Ovidiu Costea
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania; (A.D.); (D.-O.C.)
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Anthropometric Markers and Iron Status of 6-12-Year-Old Thai Children: Associations and Predictors. J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021:9629718. [PMID: 33953979 PMCID: PMC8057914 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9629718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity may be associated with poor iron status. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between different indices of iron status and anthropometric measurements in Thai children. Materials and Methods Anthropometry (weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and body composition assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis) and iron indices were measured in 336 Thai children aged 6-12 years. Iron deficiency (ID) was defined using two or more of the following: (1) %transferrin saturation (%Tsat) < 16%; (2) serum ferritin (SF) < 15 μg/mL; and (3) soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) > 5 mg/L. Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) was defined as haemoglobin < WHO age cutoff combined with ID. Overweight and obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS) ≥ +1 SDS or +2 SDS, respectively (WHO growth reference). Results BMI SDS was significantly positively correlated with sTfR and SF (sTfR, r: 0.209, p < 0.001; SF, r: 0.214, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with %Tsat (r: -0.132, p = 0.013). Correlations between WC SDS and %fat mass and each iron marker were similar. The percentage with low SF was significantly lower than that using other individual markers. ID prevalence was not significantly different between normal-weight and overweight/obesity groups although a significantly higher proportion of overweight/obese children had sTfR >5 mg/L. Puberty and menarche were significant predictors of ID (puberty adjusted OR: 2.20, 95% CI: 0.43, 11.25; menarche adjusted OR: 6.11, 95% CI: 1.21, 30.94). Conclusion Greater adiposity was associated with poorer iron status. However, SF may not be a good indicator of iron status in Thai children, particularly in those who are overweight/obese, whereas sTfR merits further investigation.
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Rudnicka E, Suchta K, Grymowicz M, Calik-Ksepka A, Smolarczyk K, Duszewska AM, Smolarczyk R, Meczekalski B. Chronic Low Grade Inflammation in Pathogenesis of PCOS. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073789. [PMID: 33917519 PMCID: PMC8038770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a one of the most common endocrine disorders, with a prevalence rate of 5–10% in reproductive aged women. It’s characterized by (1) chronic anovulation, (2) biochemical and/or clinical hyperandrogenism, and (3) polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS has significant clinical implications and can lead to health problems related to the accumulation of adipose tissue, such as obesity, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. There is also evidence that PCOS patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, and high blood pressure. Several studies have reported the association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and low-grade chronic inflammation. According to known data, inflammatory markers or their gene markers are higher in PCOS patients. Correlations have been found between increased levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 18 (IL-18), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), white blood cell count (WBC), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) in the PCOS women compared with age- and BMI-matched controls. Women with PCOS present also elevated levels of AGEs and increased RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) expression. This chronic inflammatory state is aggravating by obesity and hyperinsulinemia. There are studies describing mutual impact of hyperinsulinemia and obesity, hyperandrogenism, and inflammatory state. Endothelial cell dysfunction may be also triggered by inflammatory cytokines. Many factors involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and thrombosis were proposed as cardiovascular risk markers showing the endothelial cell damage in PCOS. Those markers include asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine, plasminogen activator inhibitor-I (PAI-I), PAI-I activity, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) etc. It was also proposed that the uterine hyperinflammatory state in polycystic ovary syndrome may be responsible for significant pregnancy complications ranging from miscarriage to placental insufficiency. In this review, we discuss the most importance evidence concerning the role of the process of chronic inflammation in pathogenesis of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Rudnicka
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.C.-K.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-604167450
| | - Katarzyna Suchta
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.C.-K.); (R.S.)
| | - Monika Grymowicz
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.C.-K.); (R.S.)
| | - Anna Calik-Ksepka
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.C.-K.); (R.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Smolarczyk
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Anna M. Duszewska
- Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Roman Smolarczyk
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, 00-315 Warsaw, Poland; (K.S.); (M.G.); (A.C.-K.); (R.S.)
| | - Blazej Meczekalski
- Department of Gynaecological Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland;
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Man Y, Xu T, Adhikari B, Zhou C, Wang Y, Wang B. Iron supplementation and iron-fortified foods: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:4504-4525. [PMID: 33506686 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1876623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
About one-third of the world population is suffering from iron deficiency. Delivery of iron through diet is a practical, economical, and sustainable approach. Clinical studies have shown that the consumption of iron-fortified foods is one of the most effective methods for the prevention of iron deficiency. However, supplementing iron through diet can cause undesirable side-effects. Thus, it is essential to develop new iron-rich ingredients, iron-fortified products with high bioavailability, better stability, and lower cost. It is also essential to develop newer processing technologies for more effective fortification. This review compared the iron supplementation strategies used to treat the highly iron-deficient population and the general public. We also reviewed the efficacy of functional (iron-rich) ingredients that can be incorporated into food materials to produce iron-fortified foods. The most commonly available foods, such as cereals, bakery products, dairy products, beverages, and condiments are still the best vehicles for iron fortification and delivery.Scope of reviewThe manuscript aims at providing a comprehensive review of the latest publications that cover three aspects: administration routes for iron supplementation, iron-rich ingredients used for iron supplementation, and iron-fortified foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxing Man
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Tiantian Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Benu Adhikari
- School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cunshan Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Yuchuan Wang
- School of Food Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, PR China
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Inflammatory Markers and Hepcidin are Elevated but Serum Iron is Lower in Obese Women of Reproductive Age. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010217. [PMID: 33466578 PMCID: PMC7828682 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited evidence suggests that serum iron and hepcidin concentrations are dysregulated in obesity and inflammation. The objective of the present study was to compare C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, circulating levels of hepcidin, serum lipids, and iron status in obese vs. normal-weight women of childbearing age. Healthy women aged 18–30 years were recruited for the study (n = 47: 25 obese and 22 normal weight). Fasting blood samples were obtained to measure serum lipids (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, non-HDL cholesterol), complete blood count, serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, hepcidin, C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6. Obese women had significantly higher mean serum C-reactive protein (p < 0.001), interleukin-6 (p < 0.001), hepcidin (p = 0.024), triglycerides (p < 0.001) and total cholesterol/HDL ratio (p < 0.001) but lower HDL (p = 0.001) and serum iron/hepcidin ratio (p = 0.011) compared with normal-weight women. BMI correlated positively with inflammatory markers, triglycerides, LDL and total cholesterol/HDL ratio, and negatively with HDL and serum iron/hepcidin ratio. Serum iron correlated negatively with ferritin in the obese group (p = 0.030) but positively in normal weight women (p = 0.002). BMI and ferritin were the only predictors of serum iron/hepcidin ratio accounting for 23% of the variation among subjects. Studies are needed to examine anti-inflammatory dietary approaches that can improve iron biomarkers in obese women.
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Bojková B, Kurhaluk N, Winklewski PJ. The interconnection of high-fat diets, oxidative stress, the heart, and carcinogenesis. Cancer 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819547-5.00011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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29
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Arkin FS, Aras G, Dogu E. Comparison of Artificial Neural Networks and Logistic Regression for 30-days Survival Prediction of Cancer Patients. Acta Inform Med 2020; 28:108-113. [PMID: 32742062 PMCID: PMC7382770 DOI: 10.5455/aim.2020.28.108-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction A machine learning technique that imitates neural system and brain can provide better than traditional methods like logistic regression for survival prediction and create an algorithm by determining influential factors. Aim To determine the influential factors on survival time of palliative care cancer patients and to compare two statistical methods for better prediction of survival. Methods One-year data is gathered from the patients that we followed in the palliative care clinic of our hospital (2017-2018) (n = 189). All data were retrospectively evaluated. After descriptive statistics, we used Pearson and Spearman correlations for parametric and non-parametric variables. The Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and logistic regression model were applied to parameters which have a significant correlation with short survival. Results Significantly correlated variables with short survival were Palliative Performance Scale (PPS), Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS), brain, liver, and distant metastasis, hemogram parameters, cero-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin (ALB). ANN model showed 89.3% prediction accuracy while the logistic regression model showed 73.0%. ANN model achieved a better AUC value of 0.86 than logistic regression model (0.76). Discussion There are several prognostic evaluation tools such as PPS, KPS, CRP, albumin, leukocytes, neutrophil were reported several studies as survival-related parameters in logistic regression models, also. Many studies compare ANN with logistic regression. When we evaluated these parameters totally, we observed the same relations with survival then we used the same parameters in the ANN model. The effectivity of the survival prediction models can be improved with the use of ANN. Conclusion ANN provides a more accurate estimation than logistic regression. ANN model is an important statistical method for survival prediction of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Funda Secik Arkin
- Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Palliative Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gulfidan Aras
- Yedikule Chest Diseases and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Palliative Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Dogu
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Galatasaray University, Istanbul, Turkey
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[Iron status, weight changes and body composition during anemia recovery in an experimental model: the effect of fermented goat or cow milk]. NUTR HOSP 2020; 34:568-576. [PMID: 31973543 DOI: 10.20960/nh.02817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Objective: to provide detailed information on iron status, body changes, food intake, hepatosomatic index, and body composition during recovery from severe iron deficiency anemia with fermented cow or goat milk. Material and methods: sixty male Wistar albino rats were divided into two experimental groups (control and anemic) and fed ad libitum an AIN-93G diet for 40 days, receiving a normal Fe diet (45 mg/kg of diet) or a low-Fe diet (5 mg/kg of diet), respectively. After induction of anemia, both the control and anemic groups were additionally fed for 30 days either a fermented cow milk-based or fermented goat milk-based diet with normal Fe content. Hematological and iron-related biochemical parameters, weight changes, food intake, hepatosomatic index, and body composition were assessed. Results: The hepatosomatic index was higher in the anemic group versus the control group. In both groups fed a fermented goat milk-based diet the hepatosomatic index was higher due to lower body weight and a higher liver weight. Food intake, weight gain, and total body fat were lower, whereas lean mass and free and total water were higher in the anemic group as compared to the control group. In both animal groups fed a fermented goat milk-based diet body weight and body fat were lower and the percentages of lean mass and free water and total water were higher. Conclusion: Iron deficiency decreased weight gain, lean mass, and body fat, indicating lower energy stores. Fermented goat milk-based diet recovers more efficiently iron status, decreased adiposity, and increased energy expenditure.
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Jiang C, Zhang S, Li D, Chen L, Zhao Y, Mei G, Liu J, Tang Y, Gao C, Yao P. Impaired ferritinophagy flux induced by high fat diet mediates hepatic insulin resistance via endoplasmic reticulum stress. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 140:111329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Naghipour Hamzekolaei M, Jafarisani M, Farajzadeh A, Aghayan SS, Atashi A, Yarmohammadi M, Sadeghi I, Tashakori M. Changes in mean platelet volume and hematologic indices in patients with panic disorder due to oxidative stress. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01569. [PMID: 32097543 PMCID: PMC7177570 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cardiovascular disorders are common in patients with panic disorder (PD), usually mediated by platelets. The present study was conducted to evaluate oxidative stress conditions and complete analysis of blood cells in patients with PD. SETTING AND SAMPLE POPULATION Sixty healthy individuals and 60 patients were included in the study. Whole blood and serum samples were obtained from patients and controls. MATERIALS & METHOD Hematological studies, including blood cells count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit, were carried out on whole blood samples. In addition, oxidative stress indices including total antioxidant capacity, free oxygen species, and malondialdehyde concentration were measured in serum samples. RESULTS Results showed that patients with PD had a significant increase in mean platelet volume index (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) compared with healthy subjects (p < .05). Also, oxidative stress indices were significantly elevated in patients with PD compared with control group (p < .05). CONCLUSION Elevated MPV is a hematologic indicator for patients with PD. This disorder may be caused by impaired serotonin metabolism, resulting in increased oxidative stress, as well as in platelet serotonin transporters. Regarding elevated oxidative stress, the risk of cardiovascular complications is high in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Moslem Jafarisani
- Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Asghar Farajzadeh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Ardabil Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Amir Atashi
- Department of Hematology, School of Allied Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Iman Sadeghi
- Genetic, Ceinge Biotechnologia Avanzate, Napl, Italy
| | - Mersedeh Tashakori
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Can ME, Kızıltoprak H, Buluş AD, Özkoyuncu D, Koç M, Özdemir Yıldız Z. Corneal Biomechanical Properties in Childhood Obesity. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2020; 57:103-107. [PMID: 32203594 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20200131-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate corneal biomechanical properties in patients with childhood obesity. METHODS The study included 47 patients with childhood obesity (study group) and 39 healthy patients (control group). Corneal hysteresis, corneal resistance factor, corneal compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc), and Goldmann-correlated IOP (IOPg) were measured with the Ocular Response Analyzer (Reichert, Ophthalmic Instruments, Buffalo, NY) in each eye. Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber angle (ACA), anterior chamber volume (ACV), and anterior chamber depth (ACD) measurements were obtained by the Pentacam rotating Scheimpflug camera (Oculus Optikgeräte GmBh, Wetzlar, Germany). RESULTS The mean corneal hysteresis was 10.56 ± 1.52 mm Hg in the study group and 11.16 ± 1.92 mm Hg in the control group (P = .022). The mean IOP was 14.9 ± 2.0 mm Hg in the study group and 14.1 ± 1.3 mm Hg in the control group (P = .003). Corneal hysteresis showed a significant, positive correlation with corneal resistance factor (P < .001, r = 0.851), IOPg (P = .044, r = 0.213), CCT (P < .001, r = 0.477), and IOP (P = .005, r = 0.295). Corneal hysteresis showed a significant, negative correlation with IOPcc (P = .001, r = -0.355), ACA (P = .005, r = -0.294), ACV (P = .019, r = -0.246), and ACD (P = .046, r = -0.211). CONCLUSIONS Patients with childhood obesity have lower corneal hysteresis and higher IOPcc measurements when compared with healthy patients. Corneal tissue changes may occur in early life in childhood obesity, which could lead to ocular disease in the future. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 2020;57(2):103-107.].
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Memic-Serdarevic A, Burnazovic-Ristic L, Sulejmanpasic G, Tahirovic A, Valjevac A, Lazovic E. Review of Standard Laboratory Blood Parameters in Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder. Med Arch 2020; 74:374-380. [PMID: 33424093 PMCID: PMC7780782 DOI: 10.5455/medarh.2020.74.374-380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Symptomatic and etiopathologic heterogeneity of schizophrenia (SCH) and bipolar disorder (BD) can be adequately addressed using a dimensional approach to psychopathology, as well as interpreting physiological properties and markers as predictors of disease onset and relapse. Risk factors, genetic and environmental, are likely to modify the neurobiological processes characteristic of certain physiological processes that manifest to a greater degree of overlapping symptoms. One of the most common laboratory tests in psychiatric patients is a standard laboratory blood test. It gives us an insight into the general somatic condition of the patient. It assesses the ability to transport oxygen to tissues and carbon dioxide back to the lungs via erythrocytes (RBC) and hemoglobin (HGB) as their most important constituents, and is also an indicator of iron status and blood oxygenation. Aim Schizophrenia (SCH) and bipolar disorder (BD) are psychiatric disorders whose complex etiology and pathogenesis are still far from known. A correlation between red blood cell abnormalities and these diseases has been recognized in some studies. One of the most common laboratory tests in psychiatric patients is a standard laboratory blood test. However, so far there is a small number of published papers that relate to the relationship between laboratory parameters of blood and the aim of this paper is to reveal more light in this subject. Methods The research was done as an observational prospective clinical study that has evaluated different physiological and pathological parameters in patients with BD and SCH over a two-year period. A total of 159 patients with schizophrenia, 61 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder and 82 healthy subjects participated in this study. Results At baseline, BD compared to SCH patients had higher mean lymphocyte count (2,6±0,7 vs. 2,0±0,6x109; p=0,006) and haemoglobin concentration (146,8±12,2 vs. 140,2±14,7 g/L; p=0,03), and significantly lower red cell distribution width (13,6±2,2 vs. 14,7±1,8%; p=0,008). In both BD and SCH patients there was a significant number of patients with low red blood cells count and low haemoglobin concentration, and high MCH and MCHC at baseline and at 3 and 6 months of follow up. Conclusions The finding that SCH as well as BD differed from controls with respect to red blood cells, hemoglobin, lymphocytes, and average platelet count was consistent with previous findings and could be understood as a qualitative measure in the evaluation of this sample. The fact that no association with other parameters was found, as well as an association with the diagnosis, does not exclude that these associations can be found in larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amra Memic-Serdarevic
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Lejla Burnazovic-Ristic
- Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Gorana Sulejmanpasic
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amir Tahirovic
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amina Valjevac
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Edina Lazovic
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Young JL, Yan X, Xu J, Yin X, Zhang X, Arteel GE, Barnes GN, States JC, Watson WH, Kong M, Cai L, Freedman JH. Cadmium and High-Fat Diet Disrupt Renal, Cardiac and Hepatic Essential Metals. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14675. [PMID: 31604971 PMCID: PMC6789035 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50771-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to the environmental toxicant cadmium (Cd) contributes to the development of obesity-associated diseases. Obesity is a risk factor for a spectrum of unhealthy conditions including systemic metabolic dyshomeostasis. In the present study, the effects of whole-life exposure to environmentally-relevant concentrations of Cd on systemic essential metal distribution in adult mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were examined. For these studies, male and female mice were exposed to Cd-containing drinking water for >2 weeks before breeding. Pregnant mice and dams with offspring were exposed to Cd-containing drinking water. After weaning, offspring were continuously exposed to the same Cd concentration as their parents, and divided into HFD and normal (low) fat diet (LFD) groups. At 10 and 24 weeks, mice were sacrificed and blood, liver, kidney and heart harvested for metal analyses. There were significant concentration dependent increases in Cd levels in offspring with kidney > liver > heart. Sex significantly affected Cd levels in kidney and liver, with female animals accumulating more metal than males. Mice fed the HFD showed > 2-fold increase in Cd levels in the three organs compared to similarly treated LFD mice. Cadmium significantly affected essential metals levels in blood, kidney and liver. Additionally, HFD affected essential metal levels in these three organs. These findings suggest that Cd interacts with HFD to affect essential metal homeostasis, a phenomenon that may contribute to the underlying mechanism responsible for the development of obesity-associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie L Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xiaofang Yan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jianxiang Xu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xinmin Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Gavin E Arteel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gregory N Barnes
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - J Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Walter H Watson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Maiying Kong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Jonathan H Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Ransing RS, Patil B, Grigo O. Mean Platelet Volume and Platelet Distribution Width Level in Patients with Panic Disorder. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019; 8:174-178. [PMID: 28479788 PMCID: PMC5402480 DOI: 10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_445_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Changes in platelet indices have been reported in patients with panic disorder (PD). However, previous study findings are contradictory and inconclusive. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the platelet indices in patients with PD. Materials and Methods: Patients with PD (n = 123) and healthy controls (n = 133) were enrolled in this case control study. The platelet indices (mean platelet volume [MPV] and platelet distribution width [PDW]) along with red blood cell (RBC) indices (RBC count and red cell distribution width [RDW]) were compared between the two groups using the unpaired t-test. Results: Patients with PD had lower MPV (7.53 ± 0.93 fL vs. 8.91 ± 1.24 fL, P < 0.0001), higher PDW (16.96 ± 0.85 fL vs. 14.71 ± 2.07 fL, P < 0.0001), and higher platelet count (274.2 ± 80.66 × 109 L−1 vs. 243.1 ± 93.89 × 109 L−1, P < 0.005) than the healthy controls. Furthermore, there were significant differences between patients with PD and healthy controls in terms of their RBC count (4.32 ± 0.56 × 1012 L−1 vs. 4.08 ± 0.80 × 1012 L−1, P = 0.007) and RDW (16.48 ± 2.26 fL vs. 15.01 ± 2.25 fL, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Patients with PD have increased PDW and RDW. The platelet and RBC indices may prove to be useful etiological and prognostic markers in patients with PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramdas Sarjerao Ransing
- Department of Psychiatry, B K L Walawalkar Rural Medical College, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bharat Patil
- Department of Psychiatry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Medical College and Hospital, Kumarhatti-Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Omityah Grigo
- Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
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Karl JP, Armstrong NJ, McClung HL, Player RA, Rood JC, Racicot K, Soares JW, Montain SJ. A diet of U.S. military food rations alters gut microbiota composition and does not increase intestinal permeability. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 72:108217. [PMID: 31473505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.108217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between gut microbes and dietary components modulate intestinal permeability (IP) and inflammation. Recent studies have reported altered fecal microbiota composition together with increased IP and inflammation in individuals consuming military food rations in austere environments, but could not isolate effects of the diet from environmental factors. To determine how the U.S. Meal, Ready-to-Eat food ration affects fecal microbiota composition, IP and inflammation, 60 adults (95% male,18-61 years) were randomized to consume their usual ad libitum diet for 31 days (CON) or a strictly controlled Meal, Ready-to-Eat-only diet for 21 days followed by their usual diet for 10 days (MRE). In both groups, fecal microbiota composition was measured before, during (INT, days 1-21) and after the intervention period. IP and inflammation [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)] were measured on days 0, 10, 21 and 31. Longitudinal changes in fecal microbiota composition differed between groups (P=.005), and fecal samples collected from MRE during INT were identified with 88% accuracy using random forest models. The genera making the strongest contribution to that prediction accuracy included multiple lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Leuconostoc), which demonstrated lower relative abundance in MRE, and several genera known to dominate the ileal microbiota (Streptococcus, Veillonella, Clostridium), the latter two demonstrating higher relative abundance in MRE. IP and hsCRP were both lower (34% and 41%, respectively) in MRE relative to CON on day 21 (P<.05) but did not differ otherwise. Findings demonstrate that a Meal, Ready-to-Eat ration diet alters fecal microbiota composition and does not increase IP or inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Philip Karl
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760, USA.
| | - Nicholes J Armstrong
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760, USA.
| | - Holly L McClung
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760, USA.
| | - Robert A Player
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723, USA.
| | - Jennifer C Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
| | - Kenneth Racicot
- Combat Feeding Directorate, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command-Soldier Center, 15 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760, USA.
| | - Jason W Soares
- Soldier Performance Optimization Directorate, U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command-Soldier Center, 15 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760, USA.
| | - Scott J Montain
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, 10 General Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760, USA.
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Abstract
Bariatric surgeries are considered the only effective way of weight loss therapy in morbidly obese patients, i.e. body mass index ≥ 35. However, micronutrient deficiencies and malnutrition are common after most bariatric procedures and thus, pre- and postoperative nutritional assessment and corrections are advised. The present review is presented in an effort to describe in some detail about prevalence, and mechanisms of macro- and micronutrient deficiencies in obese and post-bariatric surgery individuals. We also aimed to summarize the data on screening and supplementation of macro- and micronutrients before and after bariatric surgeries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonmoon Mohapatra
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Peter's University Hospital - Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Keerthana Gangadharan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Peter's University Hospital - Rutgers Robert Wood, Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Capecomorin S Pitchumoni
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Nutrition, Saint Peter's University Hospital - Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.
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Mohammed A H, Adel Amin K. Alteration of Serum and Hepatic Trace Element Level in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-induced by High-fat Sucrose Diet. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.3923/ajsr.2019.323.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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40
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Kelishadi R, Heidari-Beni M, Esmaeil-Motlagh M, Pourmasoumi M, Malekshah AFT, Qorbani M. Association of nutrient patterns with anthropometric indices in children and adolescents: The weight disorders survey of the CASPIAN-IV study. MEDITERRANEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2019. [DOI: 10.3233/mnm-180278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Motahar Heidari-Beni
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Makan Pourmasoumi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abo Zeid AA, El Saka MH, Abdalfattah AA, Zineldeen DH. Potential factors contributing to poor iron status with obesity. ALEXANDRIA JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A. Abo Zeid
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Mervat H. El Saka
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
| | | | - Doaa H. Zineldeen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Egypt
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Korlesky C, Kling PJ, Pham DQD, Ovasapyan AA, Leyns CA, Weber MB, Coe CL. Cord Blood Erythropoietin and Hepcidin Reflect Lower Newborn Iron Stores due to Maternal Obesity during Pregnancy. Am J Perinatol 2019; 36:511-516. [PMID: 30193381 PMCID: PMC6431561 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1669444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity during pregnancy impedes fetal iron endowment. In adults, both iron depletion and hypoxia stimulate erythropoietin (Epo) production, while hepcidin, the primary iron regulator, is inhibited by Epo and stimulated by obesity. To understand this relationship in fetuses, we investigated obesity, inflammation, and fetal iron status on fetal Epo and hepcidin levels. STUDY DESIGN Epo, hepcidin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin levels were measured in 201 newborns of 35 to 40 weeks' gestation with historical risk factors for a low fetal iron endowment, including half with maternal obesity. RESULTS Epo was unrelated to fetal size, but Epo was directly related to maternal body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) (p < 0.03) and CRP (p < 0.0005) at delivery. Epo levels were twice as likely to be elevated (≥50 IU/L) while comparing the lowest quartile of ferritin with the upper three quartiles (p < 0.01). Hepcidin was directly related to ferritin (p < 0.001) and indirectly related to maternal BMI (p < 0.015), but BMI became nonsignificant when undergoing multivariate analysis. Hepcidin was unrelated to Epo. CONCLUSION Although some of the fetal responses involving Epo were similar to adults, we did not find a hepcidin-Epo relationship like that of adults, where fetal liver is the site of both hepcidin and Epo production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Korlesky
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Pamela J. Kling
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
| | - Daphne Q.-D. Pham
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI
| | - Albina A. Ovasapyan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI,,North Central Health Care, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Cheryl A. Leyns
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Parkside, Kenosha, WI,,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis
| | - Morgan B. Weber
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI,Department of Orthopedics, Case Western Reserve, Cleveland, OH
| | - Christopher L. Coe
- Department of Psychology, Harlow Center for Biological Psychology and University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI
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Kanagasabai T, Alkhalaqi K, Churilla JR, Ardern CI. The Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Serum Concentrations of Micronutrients, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress Outside of the Clinical Reference Ranges: A Cross-Sectional Study. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018; 17:29-36. [PMID: 30372368 DOI: 10.1089/met.2018.0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical reference ranges are often used to assess nutritional status, but whether having lower or higher than the current clinical reference range for micronutrients, inflammation, and oxidative stress is related to metabolic syndrome (MetS) is not known. Our objectives are to estimate the odds of having MetS outside of established clinical references, and to identify any effect modifications by sex have for these relationships. METHODS Data from the 2005 to 2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used (≥20 years; N = 2049) with MetS defined utilizing the harmonized criteria from the Joint Interim Statement. The odds of having MetS in individuals with lower or higher than the clinical reference range for the serum concentrations of micronutrient antioxidants, inflammation, and oxidative stress were estimated following adjustments for age, sex, ethnicity, education, income, smoking, alcohol intake, recreational physical activity, and BMI. RESULTS Having lower than the clinical reference range for carotenoids and vitamin C [odds ratios (95% confidence interval): 1.37 (1.05-1.78) and 1.39 (1.01-1.90), respectively] was associated with significantly greater odds of MetS. By contrast, having higher than the clinical reference range for vitamins A and E, uric acid, and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) [2.10 (1.50-2.92), 2.36 (1.78-3.13), 2.65 (1.54-4.57), and 2.08 (1.61-2.69), respectively] was associated with higher odds of MetS, whereas higher levels of vitamins B12 were protective [0.64 (0.42-0.98]. Sex moderated these relationships for carotenoids, vitamin A, C, E, uric acid, C-reactive protein, and GGT. CONCLUSIONS Lower carotenoids and vitamin C and higher vitamins A and E, uric acid, and oxidative stress were associated with a greater likelihood of MetS, whereas higher vitamin B12 was protective. Further research is necessary to replicate these findings in a prospective setting to confirm the importance of the overall and sex-specific findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - James R Churilla
- 3 Brooks College of Health, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Chris I Ardern
- 1 School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Yalçın SS, Fırat MÇ, Tosun E, Yalçın S. A possible etiological factor in obesity: element status in blood and tooth of overweight versus normal-weight children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2018; 29:1-13. [PMID: 30318909 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2018.1531115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to assess element status in whole blood and tooth dentin and identify their correlations in overweight or obese children without additional metabolic risk factors. In a case-control study, 40 overweight and 80 normal weight children aged 6-10 years were enrolled. Samples of blood and tooth were collected. While all studied elements were similar in groups in univariate analysis, after adjustment for confounding factors, tooth Mn levels were lower and blood Zn levels were higher in the overweight/obese group (p = 0.049 and p = 0.032, respectively). A significant correlation in blood and tooth dentin levels of Sr and Zn was detected in both groups. In both biological substances, the concentrations of elements did not differ significantly in overweight children without metabolic comorbidities compared to healthy children of normal weight. Presence of low Mn levels in tooth dentin and high Zn levels in blood samples should be explored in further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sıddıka Songül Yalçın
- a Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Merve Çiçek Fırat
- a Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Emre Tosun
- b Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Suzan Yalçın
- c Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Selçuk University , Konya , Turkey
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45
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Yıldırım Ö, Demircan T, Tüfekçi Ö, Kızılca Ö, Kuyum P, Kır M, Abacı A, Ünal N, Arslan N, Böber E, Yılmaz Ş, Ören H. Anemia and Its Effect on Cardiovascular Findings in Obese Adolescents. Turk J Haematol 2018; 35:192-196. [PMID: 29666035 PMCID: PMC6110443 DOI: 10.4274/tjh.2018.0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We assessed the effect of anemia on cardiovascular findings in obese adolescents. Materials and Methods We studied 29 anemic and 33 nonanemic obese adolescents, and 33 nonobese healthy adolescents. These three groups were investigated for clinical and laboratory features of anemia and obesity. Echocardiography was used to examine cardiac functions. Results The anemia was mild (mean hemoglobin: 11.67±0.79g/dL), ferritin level was significantly low, and C-reactive protein and fibrinogen levels were significantly high in anemic obese patients. Increased cardiac pulse and echocardiographic findings, which may be indicative of early left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, were present in these patients. Conclusion Anemia may develop due to iron deficiency and chronic inflammation in obese adolescents. Even mild anemia may cause increased heart rate and affect left ventricular diastolic functions. Diet programs for obese children should be carefully planned to avoid iron deficiency anemia, which may worsen the cardiac events in long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Öner Yıldırım
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Tülay Demircan
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Özlem Tüfekçi
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Özgür Kızılca
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Pınar Kuyum
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolism, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kır
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Abacı
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nurettin Ünal
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nur Arslan
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolism, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ece Böber
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Şebnem Yılmaz
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Hale Ören
- Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology, İzmir, Turkey
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Literacy's Role in Health Disparities. TOP CLIN NUTR 2018. [DOI: 10.1097/tin.0000000000000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lee AMH, Ng CG, Koh OH, Gill JS, Aziz SA. Metabolic Syndrome in First Episode Schizophrenia, Based on the National Mental Health Registry of Schizophrenia (NMHR) in a General Hospital in Malaysia: A 10-Year Retrospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E933. [PMID: 29735938 PMCID: PMC5981972 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia has been linked with various medical comorbidities, particularly metabolic syndrome. The number of studies on this aspect is lacking in Malaysia. (1) Objective: To investigate metabolic syndrome rates and its associated factors. (2) Method: This is the first 10-year retrospective-outcome study of patients with first episode schizophrenia in Malaysia. Out of 394 patients diagnosed with first episode schizophrenia and registered with the National Mental Health Registry of Schizophrenia (NMHR) in the General Hospital Kuala Lumpur (GHKL) in 2004⁻2005, 174 patients consented to participate in the study. They were interviewed using a Schizophrenia outcome questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome was made using the National Cholesterol Education Program—Third Adult Treatment Panel (NCEP ATP III). (3) Results: All patients’ weight, body mass index, fasting blood sugar, and blood pressure are significantly increased. Sixty-three subjects (36.2%) developed metabolic syndrome while 36 (23.2%) were hypertensive, and 41 (28.1%) were diabetic. Use of fluphenthixol depot (CI = 1.05⁻5.09, OR: 0.84, p = 0.039), reduced physical activity (CI = 0.13⁻1.00, OR: −1.04, p = 0.049), and substance use disorder (CI = 1.40, 13.89, OR: 1.48, p = 0.012) were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome based on univariate analysis. In further multivariate analysis, comorbid substance abuse was the only significant factor associated with metabolic syndrome after adjusting for physical activity and intramuscular depot. (4) Conclusion: Patients with schizophrenia are at high risk of metabolic syndrome. It is important to address substance use problems as an important risk factor of this comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Muh Haur Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, 50586 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chong Guan Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ong Hui Koh
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Jesjeet Singh Gill
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya,50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Salina Abdul Aziz
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Kuala Lumpur, 50586 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Akca SO, Bostanci MÖ. The impact of anemia and body mass index (BMI) on neuromotor development of preschool children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 63:779-786. [PMID: 29239467 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.63.09.779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), anemia is a prevalent health problem that leads to increased morbidity and mortality, especially in preschool children. Anemia is recognized as a major health problem due to its negative effects on the mental and physical development during childhood. The aim of our study was to determine the levels of anemia of children in a kindergarten affiliated to the Directorate of National Education using a non-invasive method, and to investigate the effects of anemia on the physical, mental and neuromotor development of children. METHOD The levels of anemia was evaluated by using a non-invasive measurement device. Data collection was performed by means of a questionnaire to evaluate the children's physical development and set Denver Developmental Screening Test II scores. RESULTS Our findings show that 21% of non-anemic and 15% of anemic children are in the suspected abnormal group according to their DDST II total score. Furthermore, it has been identified that mild anemia has a positive effect on neuromotor development, while overweight and obesity affect neuromotor development in a negative way. CONCLUSION According to the results obtained from the study, mild anemia may have a positive effect on the children's neuromotor development, while malnutrition could have a negative impact.
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Lupoli R, Lembo E, Saldalamacchia G, Avola CK, Angrisani L, Capaldo B. Bariatric surgery and long-term nutritional issues. World J Diabetes 2017; 8:464-474. [PMID: 29204255 PMCID: PMC5700383 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v8.i11.464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bariatric surgery is recognized as a highly effective therapy for obesity since it accomplishes sustained weight loss, reduction of obesity-related comorbidities and mortality, and improvement of quality of life. Overall, bariatric surgery is associated with a 42% reduction of the cardiovascular risk and 30% reduction of all-cause mortality. This review focuses on some nutritional consequences that can occur in bariatric patients that could potentially hinder the clinical benefits of this therapeutic option. All bariatric procedures, to variable degrees, alter the anatomy and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract; this alteration makes these patients more susceptible to developing nutritional complications, namely, deficiencies of macro- and micro-nutrients, which could lead to disabling diseases such as anemia, osteoporosis, protein malnutrition. Of note is the evidence that most obese patients present a number of nutritional deficits already prior to surgery, the most important being vitamin D and iron deficiencies. This finding prompts the need for a complete nutritional assessment and, eventually, an adequate correction of pre-existing deficits before surgery. Another critical issue that follows bariatric surgery is post-operative weight regain, which is commonly associated with the relapse of obesity-related co-morbidities. Nu-tritional complications associated with bariatric surgery can be prevented by life-long nutritional monitoring with the administration of multi-vitamins and mineral supplements according to the patient's needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Lupoli
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Erminia Lembo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gennaro Saldalamacchia
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Kesia Avola
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Angrisani
- Department of Public Health, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Brunella Capaldo
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Pujalte GGA, Ahanogbe I, Thurston MJ, White RO, Roche-Green A. Addressing Pediatric Obesity in Clinic. Glob Pediatr Health 2017; 4:2333794X17736971. [PMID: 29119130 PMCID: PMC5665102 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x17736971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an epidemic of pediatric obesity in the United States. In most cases, there is an excess in the amount of calories consumed, compared with the amount of calories expended. Numerous body systems are affected by pediatric obesity, with complications varying between boys and girls. Behavioral, genetic, and environmental factors affect the ability of children to avoid becoming obese. Primary care physicians should screen for obesity in children as much as possible. Associated risk factors for obesity should be uncovered. Methods of preventing obesity should be discussed routinely with children and their families. Healthy dietary habits are key, and so are family-oriented interventions, such as eating together at dinnertime. One hour of moderate to vigorous activity daily is recommended for children and adolescents. While pediatric bariatric surgery is an option, there are also numerous nonpharmacological and pharmacological measures available as management for pediatric obesity. Family-based approaches, such as reducing screen time, have been very successful. Non-weight-bearing exercises also help children and adolescents expend calories without causing injury to themselves. Family availability, activity preference, and developmental levels should all be considerations when managing pediatric obesity. Motivational interviewing may also be helpful, especially when customized for each specific patient and family. Clinicians will play an increasing role in terms of identifying, treating, and preventing pediatric obesity; measures that can be done in the clinic should be considered more and more.
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