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Pedi-R-MAPP: The development of a nutritional awareness tool for use in remote paediatric consultations using a modified Delphi consensus. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:661-672. [PMID: 35149245 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The Remote Malnutrition Application (R-MAPP) was developed during the COVID-19 pandemic to provide support for health care professionals (HCPs) working in the community to complete remote nutritional assessments, and provide practical guidance for nutritional care. The aim of this study was to modify the R-MAPP into a version suitable for children, Pediatric Remote Malnutrition Application (Pedi-R-MAPP), and provide a structured approach to completing a nutrition focused assessment as part of a technology enabled care service (TECS) consultation. METHODS A ten-step process was completed: 1) permission to modify adult R-MAPP, 2) literature search to inform the Pedi-R-MAPP content, 3) Pedi-R-MAPP draft, 4) international survey of HCP practice using TECS, 5) nutrition experts invited to participate in a modified Delphi process, 6) first stakeholder meeting to agree purpose/draft of the tool, 7) round-one online survey, 8) statements with consensus removed from survey, 9) round-two online survey for statements with no consensus and 10) second stakeholder meeting with finalisation of the Pedi-R-MAPP nutrition awareness tool. RESULTS The international survey completed by 463 HCPs, 55% paediatricians, 38% dietitians, 7% nurses/others. When HCPs were asked to look back over the last 12 months, dietitians (n = 110) reported that 5.7 ± 10.6 out of every 10 appointments were completed in person; compared to paediatricians (n = 182) who reported 7.5 ± 7.0 out of every 10 appointments to be in person (p < 0.0001), with the remainder completed as TECS consultations. Overall, 74 articles were identified and used to develop the Pedi-R-MAPP which included colour-coded advice using a traffic light system; green, amber, red and purple. Eighteen participants agreed to participate in the Delphi consensus and completed both rounds of the modified Delphi survey. Agreement was reached at the first meeting on the purpose and draft sections of the proposed tool. In round-one of the online survey, 86% (n = 89/104) of statements reached consensus, whereas in round-two 12.5% (n = 13/104) of statements reached no consensus. At the second expert meeting, contested statements were discussed until agreement was reached and the Pedi-R-MAPP could be finalised. CONCLUSION The Pedi-R-MAPP nutrition awareness tool was developed using a modified Delphi consensus. This tool aims to support the technological transformation fast-tracked by the COVID-19 pandemic by providing a structured approach to completing a remote nutrition focused assessment, as well as identifying the frequency of follow up along with those children who may require in-person assessment.
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Soares GM, Zangerolamo L, Rosa LRO, Branco RCS, Carneiro EM, Barbosa-Sampaio HC. Impact of a playful booklet about diabetes and obesity on high school students in Campinas, Brazil. ADVANCES IN PHYSIOLOGY EDUCATION 2019; 43:266-269. [PMID: 31166122 DOI: 10.1152/advan.00160.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and diabetes are two of the biggest public health problems in the modern world. One possible way to combat the rising prevalence of these diseases is through the spread of awareness about its consequences and how to prevent them. Therefore, educational interventions focused on teaching the physiological basis of these conditions might be valuable tools. However, most scholar curriculums lack high-quality material devoted to this topic. Thus we developed an educational booklet, composed of playful elements, targeted toward high school students and destined for application in classrooms. The efficacy of the developed material was validated through a pretest-posttest design, in which the students had to answer a 10-question test. After booklet completion, students had better outcomes, with an increase in the percentage of correct answers in 7 out of 10 questions contained in the test (P < 0.05). Thus we developed an effective material for usage in the high school classroom to spread the awareness of the risks of metabolic diseases and how to prevent them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela M Soares
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Lucas Zangerolamo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Lucas R O Rosa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Renato C S Branco
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Everardo M Carneiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil
| | - Helena C Barbosa-Sampaio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas , Campinas, São Paulo , Brazil
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Burton W, Twiddy M, Sahota P, Brown J, Bryant M. Participant engagement with a UK community-based preschool childhood obesity prevention programme: a focused ethnography study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1074. [PMID: 31395041 PMCID: PMC6688247 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children’s centres in the UK provide a setting for public health programmes; offering support to families living in the most disadvantaged areas where obesity prevalence is at its highest. Health, Exercise and Nutrition in the Really Young (HENRY) is an eight-week obesity prevention programme currently delivered in children’s centres across the UK. However, low participant engagement in some local authorities threatens its potential reach and impact. This study aimed to explore the factors influencing participant engagement with HENRY to describe where local intervention may support engagement efforts. Method A focused ethnography study was undertaken in five children’s centres delivering HENRY across the UK. One hundred and ninety hours of field observations, 22 interviews with staff (commissioners, HENRY co-ordinators, managers and facilitators) and six focus groups (36 parents), took place over five consecutive days in each centre. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was used to guide the observations and analysis of the data. Results Three overarching themes described the factors influencing participant engagement with HENRY: local authority decision making around children’s centre programmes; children’s centre implementation of HENRY; and the participant experience of HENRY. The results indicate that factors influencing participant engagement with public health programmes begin at the commissioning body level, influencing children’s centre implementation and subsequently the experience of participants. Local authority funding priorities and constraints influence availability of places and who these places are offered to, with funding often targeted towards those deemed most at need. This was perceived to have a detrimental effect on participant experience of the programme. Conclusion In summary, participant engagement is affected by multiple factors, working at different levels of the children’s centre and local authority hierarchy, most of which are at play even before participants decide whether or not they choose to enrol and maintain attendance. For programmes to achieve their optimal reach and impact, factors at the commissioning and local implementation level need to be addressed prior to addressing participant facing issues. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-019-7410-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Burton
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.
| | - Maureen Twiddy
- Institute of Clinical and Applied Health Research, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Cottingham Rd, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Pinki Sahota
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, City Campus, Leeds, LS1 3HE, UK
| | - Julia Brown
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Maria Bryant
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
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Wang X, Li X, Xu D, Zhu Y, Cao Y, Li X, Sun B. Modulation of stability, rheological properties, and microstructure of heteroaggregated emulsion: Influence of oil content. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Dietary patterns modify the association between fat mass and obesity-associated genetic variants and changes in obesity phenotypes. Br J Nutr 2019; 121:1247-1254. [PMID: 30929646 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114519000643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated whether dietary patterns could interact with fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) polymorphisms in relation to changes in BMI and waist circumference (WC) over 3⋅6 years of follow-up. Subjects were selected from participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (n 4292, 43⋅2 % male). Dietary data were collected using a valid and reliable FFQ. Dietary patterns were determined using factor analysis. The genotypes of polymorphisms (rs1421085, rs1121980, rs17817449, rs8050136, rs9939973 and rs3751812) were determined. Genetic risk score (GRS) was calculated using the weighted method. Mean ages of men and women were 42·6 (sd 14) and 40⋅4 (sd 13) years, respectively. The healthy (e.g. vegetables and fruits) and the Western dietary patterns (WDP; e.g. soft drinks and fast foods) were extracted. In carriers of the risk alleles rs1121980, rs1421085, rs8050136, rs1781799 and rs3751812, BMI was approximately 2-fold higher in individuals in the higher quartile of WDP score, compared with the first quartile (P < 0⋅05). WC increased with increasing WDP score in carriers of the risk alleles rs1121980 and rs3751812, but not in individuals who did not carry any risk alleles. BMI and WC increased to a greater extent in the high GRS group while increasing quartiles of the WDP score, compared with the low GRS group (BMI change; Q1: 1⋅04 (se 0⋅34) v. Q4: 2⋅26 (se 0⋅36)) (WC change; Q1: 0⋅47 (se 0⋅32) v. Q4: 0⋅95 (se 0⋅34)) (P interaction < 0⋅05). These results suggest that adults with higher genetic predisposition to obesity are more susceptible to the harmful effects of adherence to the WDP, which emphasised the need to reduce the consumption of unhealthy foods for the prevention of obesity.
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You W, Henneberg M. Relaxed natural selection contributes to global obesity increase more in males than in females due to more environmental modifications in female body mass. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199594. [PMID: 30021019 PMCID: PMC6051589 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Relaxed natural selection, measured by Biological State Index (Ibs), results in unfavourable genes/mutations accumulation in population. Obesity is partly heritable. We aim to examine and compare the effects of relaxed natural selection on male and female obesity prevalence. METHODS Data for 191 countries of the world were captured for this ecological study. Curvilinear regressions, bivariate and partial correlations, linear mixed models and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between Ibs and sex-specific obesity prevalence. Per capita GDP, urbanization and caloric intake were controlled for as the confounding factors. Fisher r-to-z transformation, R2 increment in multivariate regression and F-test were used to compare the correlations. RESULTS Curvilinear regressions, bivariate and partial correlations (controlled for GDP, urbanization and calories) revealed that Ibs was significantly correlated to obesity prevalence of both sexes, but significantly stronger to male than to female obesity prevalence. Curvilinear regression models also showed strong correlations. Mixed linear models, with effects of GDP, urbanisation and caloric intake controlled for, showed that male and female average obesity prevalence rates were significantly higher in countries with greater Ibs value than their equivalents in countries with lower Ibs. Between higher and lower Ibs countries, the gap of male obesity prevalence is 60% greater than the gap of female obesity prevalence. Stepwise multiple regression identified that Ibs was a significant predictor of obesity prevalence of both sexes. Multivariate regression showed that, adding Ibs as an obesity predictor, R2 increment in male model was significantly greater than in female model. CONCLUSIONS Relaxed natural selection may drive males and females to accumulate metabolic faulty genes equally. Probably due to greater environmental, personal intervention in regulating female body mass, relaxed natural selection shows less contributing effects to female obesity prevalence than to male obesity prevalence. Gene therapy to prevent obesity may need to be also taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng You
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Maciej Henneberg
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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A New mHealth App for Monitoring and Awareness of Healthy Eating: Development and User Evaluation by Spanish Users. J Med Syst 2017; 41:109. [PMID: 28555352 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-017-0753-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Modern-day society has moved towards a more sedentary lifestyle. Advances in technology and changes in habits in our daily lives have led a large part of the population towards a spiralling sedentary lifestyle and obesity. The main objective of this work is to develop and subsequently assess a mobile app, named DietApp, that provides advice about obtaining a healthy diet according to age, clinical history and physical condition. DietApp has been developed for iOS and Android systems, and a survey comprising 7 simple questions enabled the app to be evaluated on a user level by taking into account aspects such as its usefulness and ease of use. DietApp was assessed by 150 Spanish individuals between 18 and 69 years of age, and 84% of them thought it was easy to use. 80% of users also considered the dietary suggestions provided by the app to be very useful while 62% were of the opinion that it is very useful in general. All of them would recommend the app to other users. During the six months when the app was used, any dietary excess or shortcomings were corrected in 72% of those interviewed. A mobile app has been created that is easy to use and attractive, providing personalised suggestions according to illness that are useful for the individual.
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Oliveira A, Monteiro Â, Jácome C, Afreixo V, Marques A. Effects of group sports on health-related physical fitness of overweight youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:604-611. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Oliveira
- Faculty of Sports; University of Porto; Porto Portugal
- Lab 3R - Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory; School of Health Sciences (ESSUA); University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (iBiMED); University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Ângela Monteiro
- Lab 3R - Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory; School of Health Sciences (ESSUA); University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Cristina Jácome
- Lab 3R - Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory; School of Health Sciences (ESSUA); University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Vera Afreixo
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (iBiMED); University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
- Department of Mathematics; University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
| | - Alda Marques
- Lab 3R - Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory; School of Health Sciences (ESSUA); University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (iBiMED); University of Aveiro; Aveiro Portugal
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Maier C, Reichert CL, Weiss J. Characterization of Chemically and Thermally Treated Oil-in-Water Heteroaggregates and Comparison to Conventional Emulsions. J Food Sci 2016; 81:E2484-E2491. [PMID: 27636707 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Heteroaggregated oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions formed by targeted combination of oppositely charged emulsion droplets were proposed to be used for the modulation of physical properties of food systems, ideally achieving the formation of a particulate 3-dimensional network at comparably low-fat content. In this study, rheological properties of Quillaja saponins (QS), sugar beet pectin (SBP), and whey protein isolate (WPI) stabilized conventional and heteroaggregated O/W emulsions at oil contents of 10% to 60% (w/w) were investigated. Selected systems having an oil content of 30% (w/w) and different particle sizes (d43 ≤ 1.1 or ≥16.7 μm) were additionally subjected to chemical (genipin or glutaraldehyde) and thermal treatments, aiming to increase network stability. Subsequently, their rheological properties and stability were assessed. Yield stresses (τ0 ) of both conventional and heteroaggregated O/W emulsions were found to depend on emulsifier type, oil content, and initial droplet size. For conventional emulsions, high yield stresses were only observed for SBP-based emulsions (τ0 ,SBP approximately 157 Pa). Highest yield stresses of heteroaggregates were observed when using small droplets stabilized by SBP/WPI (approximately 15.4 Pa), being higher than those of QS/WPI (approximately 1.6 Pa). Subsequent treatments led to significant alterations in rheological properties for SBP/WPI systems, with yield stresses increasing 29-fold (glutaraldehyde) and 2-fold (thermal treatment) compared to untreated heteroaggregates, thereby surpassing yield stresses of similarly treated conventional SBP emulsions. Genipin-driven treatments proved to be ineffective. Results should be of interest to food manufacturers wishing to design viscoelastic food emulsion based systems at lower oil droplet contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Maier
- Dept. of Food Physics and Meat Science, Univ. of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 21/25, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Corina L Reichert
- Dept. of Food Physics and Meat Science, Univ. of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 21/25, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jochen Weiss
- Dept. of Food Physics and Meat Science, Univ. of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 21/25, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Maier C, Ensenberger S, Irmscher SB, Weiss J. Glutaraldehyde induced cross-linking of oppositely charged oil-in-water emulsions. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Labree W, van de Mheen D, Rutten F, Rodenburg G, Koopmans G, Foets M. Differences in Overweight and Obesity among Children from Migrant and Native Origin: The Role of Physical Activity, Dietary Intake, and Sleep Duration. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0123672. [PMID: 26030064 PMCID: PMC4452331 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A cross-sectional survey was performed to examine to what degree differences in overweight and obesity between native Dutch and migrant primary school children could be explained by differences in physical activity, dietary intake, and sleep duration among these children. Subjects (n=1943) were primary school children around the age of 8-9 years old and their primary caregivers: native Dutch children (n=1546), Turkish children (n=93), Moroccan children (n=66), other non-western children (n=105), and other western children (n=133). Multivariate regressions and logistic regressions were used to examine the relationship between migrant status, child's behavior, and BMI or prevalence of overweight, including obesity (logistic). Main explanatory variables were physical activity, dietary intake, and sleep duration. We controlled for age, sex, parental educational level, and parental BMI. Although sleep duration, dietary intake of fruit, and dietary intake of energy-dense snacks were associated with BMI, ethnic differences in sleep duration and dietary intake did not have a large impact on ethnic differences in overweight and obesity among children from migrant and native origin. It is suggested that future preventive strategies to reduce overweight and obesity, in general, consider the role of sleep duration. Also, cross-cultural variation in preparation of food among specific migrant groups, focusing on fat, sugar, and salt, deserves more attention. In order to examine which other variables may clarify ethnic differences in overweight and obesity, future research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Labree
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dike van de Mheen
- IVO Addiction Research Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frans Rutten
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerda Rodenburg
- IVO Addiction Research Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Koopmans
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Foets
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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McClements DJ. Reduced-fat foods: the complex science of developing diet-based strategies for tackling overweight and obesity. Adv Nutr 2015; 6:338S-52S. [PMID: 25979507 PMCID: PMC4424772 DOI: 10.3945/an.114.006999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat plays multiple roles in determining the desirable physicochemical properties, sensory attributes, nutritional profile, and biologic response of food products. Overconsumption of fats is linked to chronic diseases, such as obesity, coronary heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. There is therefore a need to develop reduced-fat products with physicochemical properties and sensory profiles that match those of their full-fat counterparts. In addition, foods may be redesigned to increase the feelings of satiety and satiation, and thereby reduce overall food intake. The successful design of these types of functional foods requires a good understanding of the numerous roles that fat plays in determining food attributes and the development of effective strategies to replace these attributes. This article provides an overview of the current understanding of the influence of fat on the physicochemical and physiologic attributes of emulsion-based food products and highlights approaches to create high-quality foods with reduced-fat contents.
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Labree LJWW, van de Mheen HD, Rutten FFHF, Rodenburg GG, Koopmans GTG, Foets MM. Sleep duration differences between children of migrant and native origins. JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH-HEIDELBERG 2015; 23:149-156. [PMID: 26000233 PMCID: PMC4434853 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-015-0665-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aim To explore whether primary school children of migrant and native Dutch origins differ regarding their sleep duration per night, a risk for overweight and obesity, and to determine to what degree differences in parenting styles contribute to these differences. Subjects and methods A cross-sectional survey, including 1,943 children aged 8-9 years old and their primary caregivers, was performed. Data were collected from primary schools in cities and adjacent municipalities in The Netherlands: Eindhoven and Rotterdam. The outcome measure was mean sleep duration per night. The main independent variable was migrant background, based on the country of birth of the parents. A possible mediating variable was parenting style (rejecting, neglecting, permissive, authoritarian, authoritative). Age and sex of the child as well as parental socioeconomic status, as indicated by educational level, were added as confounders. Results Dutch children have the highest sleep duration: more than 11 h (mean = 670.1; SD = 27.7). All migrant children show less than 11 h of sleep per night. Migrant children of non-Western origin, especially Turkish and Moroccan children, show the lowest sleep duration per night. Parenting styles do not contribute to these differences. Conclusion Migrant background is associated with sleep duration. As children of migrant origin are, in general, at higher risk for overweight and obesity and sleep duration is regarded as a risk factor for overweight and obesity, further investigation of this association is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J W Wim Labree
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H Dike van de Mheen
- IVO Addiction Research Institute, Heemraadssingel 194, 3021 DM Rotterdam, The Netherlands ; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands ; Department of Health Promotion, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - F F H Frans Rutten
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Gerda Rodenburg
- IVO Addiction Research Institute, Heemraadssingel 194, 3021 DM Rotterdam, The Netherlands ; Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G T Gerrit Koopmans
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Marleen Foets
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus University, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Chung C, Smith G, Degner B, McClements DJ. Reduced Fat Food Emulsions: Physicochemical, Sensory, and Biological Aspects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2015; 56:650-85. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2013.792236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Chung
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gordon Smith
- ConAgra Foods, Six ConAgra Drive, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Brian Degner
- ConAgra Foods, Six ConAgra Drive, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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Labree LJW, van de Mheen H, Rutten FFH, Rodenburg G, Koopmans GT, Foets M. Overweight and obesity in primary school: native children versus migrant children. J Public Health (Oxf) 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10389-014-0637-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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Müller-Nordhorn J, Muckelbauer R, Englert H, Grittner U, Berger H, Sonntag F, Völler H, Prugger C, Wegscheider K, Katus HA, Willich SN. Longitudinal association between body mass index and health-related quality of life. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93071. [PMID: 24671104 PMCID: PMC3966840 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important outcome in individuals with a high risk for cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the association of HRQoL and body mass index (BMI) as an indicator for obesity. Design Secondary longitudinal analysis of the ORBITAL study, an intervention study which included high-risk cardiovascular primary care patients with hypercholesterolemia and an indication for statin therapy. Methods HRQoL was determined with the generic Short Form (SF)-12 health status instrument. Body weight and height were assessed at baseline and at months 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36. We used a linear and a linear mixed-effects regression model to investigate the association between BMI and SF-12 summary scores at baseline as well as between change in BMI and SF-12 summary scores over 3 years. We adjusted for age, sex, smoking status, and in the longitudinal analysis also for the study arm and its interaction term with time. Results Of the 7640 participants who completed the baseline questionnaire, 6726 participants (mean age: 61 years) were analyzed. The baseline BMI was inversely associated with physical and mental SF-12 summary scores (β [95% CI] per 1 kg/m2: −0.36 [−0.41; −0.30] and −0.05 [−0.11; −0.00], respectively). A significant association between the change in BMI and physical SF-12 summary scores over time was only present in women (−0.18 [−0.27; −0.09]) and only in obese participants (−0.19 [−0.29; −0.10]). A change in BMI was directly associated with mental SF-12 summary scores (0.12 [0.06; 0.19]) in the total population. Conclusion Increases in BMI were associated with decreases in physical HRQoL, particularly in obese individuals and in women. In contrast, the mental HRQoL seemed to increase with increasing BMI over time. Thus, body weight management with respect to the HRQoL should be evaluated differentially by sex and body weight status. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00379249
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Müller-Nordhorn
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin School of Public Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Rebecca Muckelbauer
- Berlin School of Public Health, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Grittner
- Department of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Heinz Völler
- Centre of Rehabilitation Research, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christof Prugger
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, University Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR-S970, Paris, France
| | - Karl Wegscheider
- Department of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hugo A. Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Pneumology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan N. Willich
- Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Vera-Villarroel P, Piqueras JA, Kuhne W, Cuijpers P, van Straten A. Differences between men and women in self-reported body mass index and its relation to drug use. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY 2014; 9:1. [PMID: 24383608 PMCID: PMC3880835 DOI: 10.1186/1747-597x-9-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Obesity is a public health problem of alarming proportions, including among the university population in Latin America. The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between the self-reported body mass index and the associated drug use and health-risk behaviors. Methods We performed a cross-sectional, descriptive study of 3,311 Chilean university students (17–24 years). The variables weight, height, frequency of physical activity, diet quality index, and drug use were evaluated by way of a self-report questionnaire. Results 16.7% of students were overweight and 2.1% were obese. Higher rates of overweight and obesity were observed in the men compared to women. There was a significant but moderate association between self-perceived obesity and being men and higher age, and just low with greater use of analgesics and tranquilizers with or without a prescription. Conclusions The punctual prevalence rates of self-reported obesity, in this sample, are consistent with other Latin American studies. The risk behaviors associated with perceived obesity in terms of gender, particularly the different pattern of drug use, highlight the importance of considering gender when designing strategies to promote health in a university setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Vera-Villarroel
- School of Psychology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Avenida Ecuador 3650, tercer Piso, Estación Central, Santiago de Chile, Chile.
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18
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Maniadakis N, Kapaki V, Damianidi L, Kourlaba G. A systematic review of the effectiveness of taxes on nonalcoholic beverages and high-in-fat foods as a means to prevent obesity trends. CLINICOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2013; 5:519-43. [PMID: 24187507 PMCID: PMC3810203 DOI: 10.2147/ceor.s49659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As part of the efforts to curb obesity, a new focus seems to be put on taxing foods that are perceived as being associated with obesity (eg, sugar-sweetened beverages and foods high in fat, sugar, and salt content) as a policy instrument to promote healthier diets. OBJECTIVE To assess the possible effects of such taxation policies by identifying and analyzing all studies which investigate the impact of price increases on consumption, caloric intake, or weight outcomes. METHODS Electronic data bases were searched with appropriate terms and their combinations. Thereafter, abstracts were reviewed and studies were selected based on predefined criteria. The characteristics of the selected studies and the results were extracted in a special form and consequently were reviewed and synthesized. RESULTS Price increase may lead to a reduction in consumption of the targeted products, but the subsequent effect on caloric intake may be much smaller. Only a limited number of the identified studies reported weight outcomes, most of which are either insignificant or very small in magnitude to make any improvement in public health. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of a taxation policy to curb obesity is doubtful and available evidence in most studies is not very straightforward due to the multiple complexities in consumer behavior and the underling substitution effects. There is need to investigate in-depth the potential underlying mechanisms and the relationship between price-increase policies, obesity, and public health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Maniadakis
- Department of Health Services Organization and Management, National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Kapaki
- Department of Health Services Organization and Management, National School of Public Health, Athens, Greece
- University of Peloponnese, Peloponnese, Greece
| | - Louiza Damianidi
- Department of Allergy, Second Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kourlaba
- The Stavros Niarchos Foundation – Collaborative Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Outcomes Research (CLEO), First and Second Departments of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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19
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Middleton G, Henderson H, Evans D. Implementing a community-based obesity prevention programme: experiences of stakeholders in the north east of England. Health Promot Int 2013; 29:201-11. [PMID: 23297339 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/das072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent literature indicates the potential of community-based obesity prevention programmes in the endeavour to reduce the prevalence of obesity in developed nations. Considerable suggestion and advocacy come from theoretical standpoints and little is known on actual practical application of this type of multi-component health promotion programme. This article explores the experiences of 'implementation' by stakeholders of a large community-based obesity prevention programme, facilitated by a National Health Service Care Trust in the north-east of England, UK. Three stakeholder groups (senior health officials, public health workers and community members) who had administrated and experienced the programme since its conception in 2006 provide perspectives on the aspects of local delivery and receipt. Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were conducted with stakeholders (28 participants in total). The participants felt there were three broad aspects which shaped and constrained the delivery and receipt of the programme, namely partnership working, integration of services and quality issues. Data indicated that it had taken time to establish working partnerships between the multi-agencies involved in the community-based obesity programme. Strategic management would aid the processes of communication and collaboration between agencies and also the local community involved in the administration, delivery and participation of interventions in the programme. Secondly, the way in which the programme is justified and sustained will have to be reviewed, with the intention of using a suitable evaluative framework or tool for monitoring purposes.
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20
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Chung C, Degner B, McClements DJ. Physicochemical characteristics of mixed colloidal dispersions: Models for foods containing fat and starch. Food Hydrocoll 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2012.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Abstract
Obesity is a significant long-term health problem that is common among children and adolescents in Western countries. Being overweight or obese (extremely overweight) can contribute to type 2 diabetes in childhood and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Primary prevention of obesity prevents the development of serious secondary complications in adulthood. Nurses can help parents and children by providing nutritional advice and, through weight management programmes, offer strategies for decreasing caloric intake and increasing physical activity. Nurses' actions should always take a whole-family approach because it is challenging for obese children to alter their dietary or physical habits if not supported by their families. Nurses should work with all members of the multidisciplinary team in addressing childhood obesity as it is a major health issue with long-term mobidities.
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22
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Fabrication of viscous and paste-like materials by controlled heteroaggregation of oppositely charged lipid droplets. Food Chem 2012; 134:872-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.02.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Revised: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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23
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Middleton G, Keegan R, Henderson H. A qualitative exploration of stakeholder perspectives on a school-based multi-component health promotion nutrition programme. J Hum Nutr Diet 2012; 25:547-56. [PMID: 22748036 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-277x.2012.01266.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food for Fitness is an on-going multi-component health promotion programme, delivered in primary and secondary schools by community nutrition assistants. The programme uses nutritional interventions aimed at promoting healthier eating practices for children. This service evaluation investigated the receipt and delivery of the programme, as perceived by local stakeholders who had experienced and administered the service. METHODS Semi-structured interviews and focus groups were carried out with three key stakeholder groups: health professionals (n = 9), school teachers (n = 10) and senior health officials (n = 3). Qualitative data were transcribed verbatim and received thematic analysis with deductive and inductive processes. RESULTS Stakeholders reported that the programme contributed to the development of food education and healthy-eating practices of children in the local area. Stakeholders considered that the main concern was the limited capacity and size of the service. They described problems with long-term sustainability in supporting schools with maintaining nutritional interventions, highlighting issues regarding contact, planning and organisation of several interventions. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the service evaluation inform service management, organisation and ground-level delivery. The use of stakeholder opinion provided contextualised information on the factors that impact on the implementation of the programme. The richness of the qualitative results can guide future planning and provision for similar health promotion nutrition programmes delivered in the school environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Middleton
- School of Sport, Coaching & Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, Life and Social Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, UK.
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24
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Mao Y, Julian McClements D. Fabrication of Reduced Fat Products by Controlled Heteroaggregation of Oppositely Charged Lipid Droplets. J Food Sci 2012; 77:E144-52. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02680.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chacón F, Mora F, Gervás-Ríos A, Gilaberte I. Efficacy of lifestyle interventions in physical health management of patients with severe mental illness. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2011; 10:22. [PMID: 21929761 PMCID: PMC3189180 DOI: 10.1186/1744-859x-10-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2010] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Awareness of the importance of maintaining physical health for patients with severe mental illnesses has recently been on the increase. Although there are several elements contributing to poor physical health among these patients as compared with the general population, risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and obesity are of particular significance due to their relationship with mortality and morbidity. These patients present higher vulnerability to cardiovascular risk factors based on several issues, such as genetic predisposition to certain pathologies, poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyles, high proportions of smokers and drug abusers, less access to regular health care services, and potential adverse events during pharmacological treatment. Nevertheless, there is ample scientific evidence supporting the benefits of lifestyle interventions based on diet and exercise designed to minimize and reduce the negative impact of these risk factors on the physical health of patients with severe mental illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Mora
- Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Rao G, Burke LE, Spring BJ, Ewing LJ, Turk M, Lichtenstein AH, Cornier MA, Spence JD, Coons M. New and emerging weight management strategies for busy ambulatory settings: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association endorsed by the Society of Behavioral Medicine. Circulation 2011; 124:1182-203. [PMID: 21824925 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0b013e31822b9543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Vasiljevic N, Ralevic S, Kolotkin RL, Marinkovic J, Jorga J. The Relationship Between Weight Loss and Health-related Quality of Life in a Serbian Population. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2011; 20:162-8. [DOI: 10.1002/erv.1114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Vasiljevic
- Department of Nutrition; Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade; 11000; Republic of Serbia
| | - Sonja Ralevic
- Department of Nutrition; Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade; 11000; Republic of Serbia
| | | | - Jelena Marinkovic
- Institute of Medical Statistics and Informatics; Faculty of Medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade; 11000; Republic of Serbia
| | - Jagoda Jorga
- Department of Nutrition; Institute of Hygiene and Medical Ecology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Belgrade; Belgrade; 11000; Republic of Serbia
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28
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Song D, Bandsma RHJ, Xiao C, Xi L, Shao W, Jin T, Lewis GF. Acute cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) modulation influences insulin sensitivity by an effect outside the central nervous system in mice. Diabetologia 2011; 54:1181-9. [PMID: 21340622 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Modulation of central nervous system (CNS) and extra-CNS cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) affects metabolic conditions, independently of weight loss. Here we examined the relative contributions of acute CNS and extra-CNS CB1R modulation on insulin sensitivity using pharmacological gain- and loss-of-function of CB1R in mice. METHODS We assessed the effects of acute modulation of CB1R on insulin sensitivity and tissue glucose uptake by administering a CB1R agonist (HU210) and antagonist (AM251) (vs vehicle) i.v. in wild-type mice. In addition, we administered a CB1R agonist (vs vehicle) systemically (i.v.) to Cb1r (also known as Cnr1) knockout (Cb1r (-/-)) mice or intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) in wild-type mice to elucidate the peripheral vs CNS-mediated regulatory effect of CB1R on insulin sensitivity. RESULTS HU210 induced significant insulin resistance in wild-type mice with a reduction of whole-body glucose disappearance rate and muscle Akt phosphorylation, as well as of glucose uptake by skeletal muscle, but not by adipose tissue, changes that were prevented by pretreatment with AM251. HU210 did not affect insulin sensitivity in Cb1r (-/-) mice, suggesting that the observed effects were mediated through CB1R. HU210 administered i.c.v. did not induce insulin resistance, suggesting that acute stimulation of CNS CB1R was not required for this effect. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity is affected by acute CB1R modulation. These changes are mediated by extra-CNS CB1R, probably by the receptors in skeletal muscle tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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29
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Tomofuji T, Furuta M, Ekuni D, Irie K, Azuma T, Iwasaki Y, Morita M. Relationships between eating habits and periodontal condition in university students. J Periodontol 2011; 82:1642-9. [PMID: 21513478 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.110061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Being overweight is a risk factor for periodontitis. Unhealthy eating habits, which can induce overweight, may be involved in the development of periodontitis in young people. The present study aims to examine the relationships among overweight, eating habits, and the periodontal condition in Japanese university students. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 801 university students (413 males and 388 females; age range: 18 to 25 years). Patients were classified as underweight (body mass index [BMI] <18.5 kg/m(2)), normal weight (BMI of 18.5 to 22.9 kg/m²), and overweight (BMI ≥ 23 kg/m²). Students completed a questionnaire including items related to eating habits and underwent oral health examinations. Patients with a community periodontal index (CPI) of 0 to 2 were considered controls, and patients with a CPI >2 were considered to have periodontitis. RESULTS The prevalence of underweight, normal weight, and overweight patients was 21%, 62%, and 17%, respectively. In overweight patients, the periodontitis risk was increased by the frequent consumption of fatty foods (adjusted odds ratio: 2.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.1 to 5.2; P <0.05) and reduced by the frequent consumption of vegetables (adjusted odds ratio: 0.2; 95% confidence interval: 0.1 to 0.7; P <0.01). In underweight and normal-weight groups, eating habits did not differ significantly according to the presence of periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS In overweight students, the frequent consumption of fatty foods and infrequent consumption of vegetables were associated with an increased risk of periodontitis. In underweight and normal-weight students, eating habits had little effect on the periodontal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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CARRILLO E, VARELA P, SALVADOR A, FISZMAN S. MAIN FACTORS UNDERLYING CONSUMERS' FOOD CHOICE: A FIRST STEP FOR THE UNDERSTANDING OF ATTITUDES TOWARD “HEALTHY EATING”. J SENS STUD 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-459x.2010.00325.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Prevention of overweight and obesity: how effective is the current public health approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2010. [PMID: 20617002 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph7030765.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a public health problem that has become epidemic worldwide. Substantial literature has emerged to show that overweight and obesity are major causes of co-morbidities, including type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, various cancers and other health problems, which can lead to further morbidity and mortality. The related health care costs are also substantial. Therefore, a public health approach to develop population-based strategies for the prevention of excess weight gain is of great importance. However, public health intervention programs have had limited success in tackling the rising prevalence of obesity. This paper reviews the definition of overweight and obesity and the variations with age and ethnicity; health consequences and factors contributing to the development of obesity; and critically reviews the effectiveness of current public health strategies for risk factor reduction and obesity prevention.
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Chan RS, Woo J. Prevention of overweight and obesity: how effective is the current public health approach. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2010; 7:765-83. [PMID: 20617002 PMCID: PMC2872299 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph7030765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a public health problem that has become epidemic worldwide. Substantial literature has emerged to show that overweight and obesity are major causes of co-morbidities, including type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, various cancers and other health problems, which can lead to further morbidity and mortality. The related health care costs are also substantial. Therefore, a public health approach to develop population-based strategies for the prevention of excess weight gain is of great importance. However, public health intervention programs have had limited success in tackling the rising prevalence of obesity. This paper reviews the definition of overweight and obesity and the variations with age and ethnicity; health consequences and factors contributing to the development of obesity; and critically reviews the effectiveness of current public health strategies for risk factor reduction and obesity prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth S.M Chan
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; E-Mail:
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; E-Mail:
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