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Witkam WCAM, Dal Belo SE, Pourhamidi S, Raynaud E, Moreau M, Aguilar L, Jansen PW, Nijsten TEC, Pardo LM. The epidemiology of acne vulgaris in a multiethnic adolescent population from Rotterdam, the Netherlands: A cross-sectional study. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:552-560. [PMID: 37967670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although acne is a prevalent multifactorial inflammatory skin condition, few studies were performed in multiethnic populations. OBJECTIVES To study the prevalence and determinants of acne in a multiethnic study at the start of puberty. METHODS This cross-sectional study is embedded in Generation R, a population-based prospective study from Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Three-dimensional facial photos at the center visit in 2016-2019 (of ∼13-year-olds) were used to grade acne severity using the Global Evaluation of the Acne Severity (GEA). Analyses were stratified by biological sex and explored through chi-square tests and multivariable ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 4561 children (51% girls) with a median age of 13.5 (IQR 13.3-13.6) were included. The visible acne prevalence (GEA 2-5) for girls vs boys was 62% vs 45% and moderate-to-severe acne (GEA 3-5) 14% vs 9%. Higher puberty stages (adjusted odds ratios: 1.38 [1.20-1.59] and 2.16 [1.86-2.51] for girls and boys, respectively) and darker skin colors V and VI (adjusted odds ratios: 1.90 [1.17-3.08] and 2.43 [1.67-3.56]) were associated with more severe acne in both sexes, and being overweight in boys (adjusted odds ratio: 1.58 [1.15-2.17]). LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional design. CONCLUSIONS Acne prevalence was high at the age of 13 years and was associated with advanced puberty, darker skin color, and weight status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willemijn C A M Witkam
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. https://twitter.com/WitkamWillemijn
| | | | | | | | - Magali Moreau
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Luc Aguilar
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - Pauline W Jansen
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tamar E C Nijsten
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luba M Pardo
- Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Dermatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Bungau AF, Tit DM, Bungau SG, Vesa CM, Radu AF, Marin RC, Endres LM, Moleriu LC. Exploring the Metabolic and Endocrine Preconditioning Associated with Thyroid Disorders: Risk Assessment and Association with Acne Severity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:721. [PMID: 38255795 PMCID: PMC10815585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic preconditioning, characterized by conditions like obesity and insulin resistance syndrome, disrupts hormonal balance. Elevated androgen levels stimulate excessive sebum production and follicular cell proliferation, leading to acne lesions. Similarly, thyroid hormone imbalances affect sebaceous gland activity, epidermal lipid composition, and skin cell turnover, impacting acne occurrence and severity. This study aimed to assess the potential contribution of metabolic and endocrine preconditions to acne development. A total of 389 patients diagnosed with acne were included and divided into three groups: the metabolic precondition group (MPG, N = 163, 41.9%), the endocrine precondition group (EPG, N = 162, 41.65%), and the control group (CG, N = 89, 22.88%). Data related to the degree of acne severity and comorbidities of interest were collected from the patients' medical records. In the groups with concomitant diseases, moderate and severe acne were significantly more prevalent (56.44% and 41.10% in MPG, and 35.80% and 61.11% in EPG) compared to the control group (5.61% and 4.89%). The most prevalent preconditions observed were insulin resistance syndrome in MPG (63.8%) and autoimmune thyroiditis in EPG (95.06%). Significant age-related differences in acne severity were found across all study groups (p < 0.05). In MPG, the age variable was significantly higher in the presence of mild acne, while in EPG, the age variable was significantly lower for the mild acne group. A positive association was observed between the severity of acne and insulin resistance syndrome, obesity, autoimmune thyroiditis, and hypothyroidism (p < 0.05). Risk analysis indicated a significantly higher risk (RR > 1, 95% CI RR > 1, p < 0.001) of developing moderate and severe acne in the presence of these preconditions. The presence of both metabolic and endocrine preconditions significantly increased the likelihood of developing severe acne, leading to the hypothesis that both conditions may be contributing factors to the development of acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa Florina Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.-F.R.)
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Delia Mirela Tit
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.-F.R.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Simona Gabriela Bungau
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.-F.R.)
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Cosmin Mihai Vesa
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.-F.R.)
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | - Andrei-Flavius Radu
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania; (A.F.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.-F.R.)
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania
| | | | - Laura Maria Endres
- Department of Psycho-Neurosciences and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410073 Oradea, Romania;
| | - Lavinia-Cristina Moleriu
- Department III of Functional Sciences, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
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Liu L, Chen J. Advances in Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and Skin Diseases. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:3785-3791. [PMID: 38169933 PMCID: PMC10759914 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s443128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Throughout history, alcohol consumption has been an integral part of human culture. Alcohol consumption, alcoholism in particular, influences the onset and progression of liver diseases, neurological disorders, and multiple types of cancer. However, the role of alcohol consumption in influencing skin diseases has often been overlooked. In this review, we present the progress of research investigating the effects and potential mechanisms of action of alcohol consumption on acne, rosacea, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, melanoma, and non-melanoma skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Rodriguez Baisi KE, Weaver AL, Shakshouk H, Tollefson MM. Acne incidence in preadolescents and association with increased body mass index: A population-based retrospective cohort study of 643 cases with age- and sex-matched community controls. Pediatr Dermatol 2023; 40:428-433. [PMID: 36597586 PMCID: PMC10202835 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Little is known about acne incidence in preadolescents and its potential association with body mass index (BMI). Our study aims to determine acne incidence in preadolescents and its association with BMI. METHODS A population-based retrospective cohort study identified 7- to ≤12 year-olds with an initial acne diagnosis during 2010-2018, and incidence was calculated. Two age- and sex-matched controls without acne were randomly selected per case, and BMI was recorded. RESULTS A total of 643 acne patients were identified. Annual age- and sex-adjusted incidence rate was 58.0 per 10,000 person-years, higher in females vs. males (89.2 vs. 28.2 per 10,000 person-years, p < .001), and increased with age (4.3, 24.4, and 144.3 per 10,000 person-years among 7-8, 9-10, and 11-12 year-olds, respectively, p < .001). Systemic medication use was associated with increasing BMI (odds ratio = 1.43 per 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI, 95% CI 1.07-1.92, p = .015). Median BMI percentile was higher among acne cases vs. controls (75.0 vs. 65.0, p < .001), as was the proportion with BMI ≥95th percentile (16.7% vs. 12.2%, p = .01). CONCLUSION Acne incidence is higher in preadolescent girls than boys and increases with age. Preadolescents with acne are more likely to be obese than those without acne. Those with higher BMIs are more likely to be given systemic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy L. Weaver
- Division of Clinical Trials and Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Megha M. Tollefson
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
- Department of Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Ningombam JD, Sundaram SP, Medhi GK, Lyngdoh M. Unpacking the mysteries of puberty among school going adolescents in district of East Khasi Hills, Meghalaya. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2022; 35:179-188. [PMID: 36525648 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2022-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Pubertal age carries the risk of different challenges and experiences. However, lack of data on the subject made it necessary to estimate the magnitude of pubertal problems and its determinants.
Methods
A mixed methods study was conducted among the school students aged 10–17 years during May 2022 in three selected schools of Shillong. The cross-sectional quantitative component (pre-designed semi-structured questionnaire) included 418 students and eight students were selected purposively for the qualitative component (in-depth interviews).
Results
The mean age of the students was 13.5 years with 52.9% boys. At least one of the pubertal problems was present among 57.2% (95%CI: 52.3–69.2%). With regards to physical, hormonal/behavioural and mental problems, the prevalence was reported to be 34.2, 31.8 and 12.0% respectively. Premenstrual symptoms were present among 89.4% girls. Mental problems were significantly higher among the girls [PR: 1.83 (95%CI: 1.06–3.13; p=0.02)] and the hormonal problems were significantly lesser among the girls [PR: 0.41 (95%CI: 0.29–0.57; p<0.001)]. With regards to age, the mental and hormonal problems was significantly higher among the late adolescents. About 55.2% sought help for their problems of which 56.9% primarily sought help from parents. In-depth interviews yielded five themes for the problems of puberty which included individuals related (hormonal, impulse control etc.), school related (safety, relationship with teachers), family related (behavioural regulations, literacy etc.), friends/peers related (networks/relationships) and coping behaviours.
Conclusions and recommendations
Pubertal problems were reported among a considerable proportion of students which provides policy implications for addressing behavioural problems, interpersonal relationships and cordial school environment.
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Alowairdhi Y, Alrasheed F, Alghubaywi F, Alqirnas MQ, Alajroush WA. Association Between Acne Vulgaris and Body Mass Index in Adult Population: A Tertiary Hospital-Based Retrospective Study in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e32867. [PMID: 36699779 PMCID: PMC9870603 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Acne vulgaris (AV) is the common form of acne, characterized by a polymorphic eruption of inflammatory non-papules, pustules, nodules, blackheads, and whiteheads. Acne was eighth among the top 10 disorders in terms of prevalence in 2010. The objective of this study was to see if there was any association between acne vulgaris and BMI in the young adult population. METHODS This is a single-center retrospective study conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Adult patients diagnosed with acne vulgaris from January 2017 to June 2022 were enrolled. The estimated sample size was reached using consecutive, non-probability sampling. RESULTS A total of 596 participants were selected as a match to the criteria of the research objectives. Of the participants, slightly more than half were males (52.5%) and the rest were females (47.5%). There was a nearly equal number of cases and controls, around 48.7% of the patients had acne while the rest did not. The majority were of the age group 18 to 19 years followed by 22 to 23 years (25.2%). A majority had a normal BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 (40.4%). A significant difference was found between the means of the BMI of the participants who had acne and those who did not (p<0.05). Conclusion: No significant association was found between age group, gender, BMI, and acne. To fully comprehend how dietary factors affect the severity of acne, more studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazeed Alowairdhi
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Faisal Alrasheed
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Faisal Alghubaywi
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Muhannad Q Alqirnas
- Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Waleed A Alajroush
- Pediatric Dermatology, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, Riyadh, SAU
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Keri J, Cook-Bolden FE, Green L, Kircik LH, Baldwin H, Werschler WP, Guenin E, Pillai R, Bhatt V. Efficacy and tolerability of three topical acne treatments by body mass index: post hoc analysis including overweight and obese patients. J DERMATOL TREAT 2022; 33:2790-2799. [PMID: 35833564 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2022.2071823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne prevalence may be higher in overweight/obese individuals, potentially due to hormonal, inflammatory, and/or dietary factors. However, the effects of body mass index (BMI) on topical acne treatments are largely unknown. METHODS Post hoc analyses of changes in inflammatory/noninflammatory lesions and treatment success were conducted using phase 3 data: clindamycin phosphate/benzoyl peroxide (CP/BPO) 1.2%/3.75% gel (NCT01701024); tretinoin 0.05% lotion (NCT02965456 and NCT02932306; pooled); and tazarotene 0.045% lotion (NCT03168321 and NCT03168334; pooled). Data were analyzed by BMI subgroups: <25kg/m2 (underweight-to-normal), 25-<30kg/m2 (overweight), and ≥30kg/m2 (obese). RESULTS Among participants analyzed (CP/BPO = 495; tretinoin = 1,636; tazarotene = 1,612), ∼20-25% were overweight and 15-20% were obese. At week 12, mean percent changes from baseline in inflammatory lesions were: CP/BPO (overweight: -63.2%, obese: -56.0%); tretinoin (-57.6%, -53.1%); tazarotene (-59.9%, -56.8%). Mean changes in noninflammatory lesions were: CP/BPO (-54.2%, -50.8%); tretinoin (-51.6%, -44.9%); tazarotene (-56.7%, -54.6%). Treatment success rates with active treatment ranged from 16.2% to 33.5% across BMI groups. CONCLUSIONS CP/BPO 1.2%/3.75% gel, tretinoin 0.05% lotion, and tazarotene 0.045% lotion were all effective in reducing acne lesions by ≥45% in overweight/obese patients with moderate-to-severe acne, comparable to the underweight-to-normal group. Efficacy of these topical acne treatments is not greatly impacted by BMI and may be affected more by the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonette Keri
- University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Fran E Cook-Bolden
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Fran E. Cook-Bolden, MD, PLLC, New York, NY
| | - Lawrence Green
- Department of Dermatology, George Washington University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Leon H Kircik
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Physicians Skin Care, DermResearch, PLLC, and Skin Sciences, PLLC, Louisville, KY, USA.,Indiana University Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Hilary Baldwin
- The Acne Treatment and Research Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.,Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Auffret N, Ngyen JM, Leccia MT, Claudel JP, Dréno B. TRASS: a global approach to assess the severity of truncal acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:897-904. [PMID: 35170810 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Only a small amount of published data regarding truncal acne is available and no proper tool to assess its severity exists. AIM to provide dermatologists with an easy-to-use tool to assess truncal acne (TRASS, truncal acne severity scale) using a global approach. METHODS A scoring tool that assesses the severity of acne (based on GEA and ECLA scales) on the trunk using a global approach was built, including three subscores: family history, clinical signs and quality of life (QoL). In order to test TRASS, the experts used photos of 47 patients attending their clinics with truncal acne. The ROP (Regression OPtimized) model was applied to assess the diagnosis performance of TRASS and to identify items contributing to the classification of the patients. Internal testing was made to demonstrate the robustness of the model. Correlation analyses between the different items were performed to evaluate the interaction between the different items and their impact on the severity grading of truncal acne. RESULTS Patients with the most severe acne were identified by TRASS. The error level was 6.6% after internal validation and 10.4% when using the median value or the centile 75th (6.6% and 10.4%). Correlation was significant between systemic treatment and scars (p=0.0025) and nodules (p=0.01988) and between location and QoL (p=0.0095). CONCLUSION TRASS is the first global, patient-centred approach to evaluate truncal acne by scoring the importance of each factor independently from its clinical severity. TRASS may allow the practitioner to choose and validate the most suitable therapy together with the patient in order to treat his or her truncal acne successfully and to limit treatment failure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J M Ngyen
- Biostatistic and Epidemiology, Inserm U1232, Nantes, France
| | - Marie-Thérèse Leccia
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Photobiology, CHU A Michallon, Grenoble, France
| | | | - B Dréno
- UF dermato-cancérologie, CHU Nantes-Hôtel-Dieu, CIC Biothérapie Inserm 05031, Inserm, U1232, Nantes, France
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Alenezy DA, Alshammari MRM, Alanazi ANF, Alshammari NNZ, Alrawaili SDK. Acne Vulgaris among Adolescent Females in Arar City, Northern Saudi Arabia. PHARMACOPHORE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/w3h5yx3kdq] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Baroud S, Wu J, Zouboulis CC. Acne Syndromes and Mosaicism. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111735. [PMID: 34829964 PMCID: PMC8615598 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal mosaicism is the coexistence of cells with at least two genotypes, by the time of birth, in an individual derived from a single zygote, which leads to a disease phenotype. Somatic mosaicism can be further categorized into segmental mosaicism and nonsegmental somatic mosaicism. Acne is a chronic illness characterized by inflammatory changes around and in the pilosebaceous units, commonly due to hormone- and inflammatory signaling-mediated factors. Several systemic disorders, such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and seborrhoea-acne-hirsutism-androgenetic alopecia syndrome have classically been associated with acne. Autoinflammatory syndromes, including PAPA, PASH, PAPASH, PsAPASH, PsaPSASH, PASS, and SAPHO syndromes include acneiform lesions as a key manifestation. Mosaic germline mutations in the FGFR2 gene have been associated with Apert syndrome and nevus comedonicus, two illnesses that are accompanied by acneiform lesions. In this review, we summarize the concept of cutaneous mosaicism and elaborate on acne syndromes, as well as acneiform mosaicism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumer Baroud
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology, and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau, Germany; (S.B.); (J.W.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah P.O. Box 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jim Wu
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology, and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau, Germany; (S.B.); (J.W.)
| | - Christos C. Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology, and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, 06847 Dessau, Germany; (S.B.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-340-501-4000
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[Acne]. Hautarzt 2021; 72:815-827. [PMID: 34374820 DOI: 10.1007/s00105-021-04856-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is one of the most frequent dermatological diseases with a lifetime prevalence of about 85%. The clinical spectrum shows a great variety. Key factors of pathogenesis are increased sebum production, hyperkeratinization of the follicular infundibulum, inflammatory processes, and a dysbiosis of the skin microbiome. In addition to endogenous factors (e.g., disturbances of the androgen metabolism) or other hormonal changes, exogenous factors (e.g., diet, mechanical irritation or the use of inappropriate cosmetics) can also play an important role. The clinical spectrum is broad, extending from neonatal Acne (A.) to adult A., from comedonal A. to fulminant A., from cosmetic A. to A. excoriée (skin picking disorder). The psychological effects of acne can be profound and can cause a severe reduction in quality of life. Therefore, in addition to an effective therapy with regular medical check-ups and good adherence, it is always necessary to consider psychological aspects.
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Adolescents' beliefs and perceptions of acne vulgaris: A cross-sectional study in Montenegrin schoolchildren. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253421. [PMID: 34133464 PMCID: PMC8208562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acne is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a high prevalence in adolescent and early adult years. The aim of this study was to assess the self-perceived beliefs of Montenegrin secondary school pupils regarding the acne aggravating and ameliorating factors. Methods This cross-sectional survey of the pupils was conducted during October and November 2020 in four randomly selected public secondary schools in Podgorica, Montenegro. All 500 pupils were asked to fill in a questionnaire that included questions on age, sex, presence of acne, perceived acne aggravating and ameliorating factors, and sources of their information about acne. Results A total of 500 pupils, 234 (46.8%) boys, and 266 (53.2%) girls, aged 14−17 years, participated in the study. Acne was self-reported in 249 (49.8%) pupils, whereas 251 (50.2%) did not report acne. Factors most often believed to aggravate acne were inadequate face washing (85.0%), hormones (84.0%), sweets (82.0%), greasy food (72.6%), makeup (71.2%), and stress (67.8%). Overall the most prevalent acne ameliorating factors were cosmetic treatment (80.4%), increased water consumption (77.6%), a diet change to a healthier food choice (77.4%), and being on school holidays (62.2%). Girls reported more frequently that genetics, stress, sweets consumption, inadequate face wash, and makeup are acne exacerbating factors, whilst cosmetic treatment, increased water consumption, smoking, and being on school holidays are acne ameliorating factors. Boys more frequently considered the benefit of losing weight. There was no statistically significant difference between pupils with and without acne in perceived factors, except for cosmetic treatment. Those with acne more frequently believed in the benefits of cosmetic treatment. Conclusions Many adolescents’ self-perceived beliefs about factors that aggravate and ameliorate acne are myths and misconceptions without evidence-based justification. More efforts are needed to educate pupils about the acne aggravating and ameliorating factors, its health-related consequences, and the treatment possibilities.
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Sachar M, Xiong M, Lee KC. Consumer preferences of top-rated over-the-counter acne treatment products: a cohort study. Arch Dermatol Res 2021; 314:815-821. [PMID: 33866436 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-021-02230-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Over 70% of patients with acne vulgaris wait at least 1 year before seeing a dermatologist and instead use over-the-counter (OTC) acne treatments. This study determined the association between product characteristics (ingredients, vehicles, and marketing claims) and consumer-reported positive and negative features of top-rated acne OTCs. This cohort study evaluated the top 1% of acne OTCs across the five largest online retailers. Products were analyzed for product characteristics and consumer-reported features. Artificial intelligence data scraper software was utilized to collect reviews, and a natural language processing algorithm was used to tag key phrases within reviews and categorize them based on characteristics and sentiment (positive or negative). An inter-rater reliability test compared reliability of results between a human rater and the software. In this cohort of 149 products, the most frequent ingredients were salicylic acid (33.6%) and benzoyl peroxide (19.5%). Over one-third of top-selling products contained solely "natural" ingredients. Product ingredients, over product vehicle, price, marketing claims, or packaging, were most associated with consumer-reported product effects. Products with active ingredients were reported more frequently as effective in treating acne (p < 0.001) and with side effects, such as erythema (p = 0.054) and hypersensitivity reactions (p = 0.0016). Products with "natural" ingredients were associated with improving skin texture (p = 0.008) and application ease (p = 0.04). Product ingredients, over vehicle, price, marketing claims, and packaging were the greatest indicator of a consumer's experience with acne OTCs. Given the wide array of and heavy reliance on OTCs to treat acne, information on product experience inform dermatologists on consumer preferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moniyka Sachar
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Michelle Xiong
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kachiu C Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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14
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Russo A, Mellergaard M, Pellacani G, Nisticò S, Nielsen MCE. Fluorescent light energy combined with systemic isotretinoin: A 52-week follow-up evaluating efficacy and safety in treatment of moderate-severe acne. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:2057-2068. [PMID: 33936640 PMCID: PMC8077247 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent light energy therapy combined with low-dose isotretinoin or tetracycline show remarkable clinical effect on 12 cases of moderate-to-severe acne. Treatment was considered safe, well-tolerated, and highly efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Russo
- Department of MedicalSurgical and Neuro SciencesDermatological SectionUniversity of SienaSienaItaly
| | - Maiken Mellergaard
- ImmunologyFaculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksberg CDenmark
- Klox Technologies EuropeDublinIreland
| | - Giovanni Pellacani
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModenaItaly
| | - Steven Nisticò
- Department of Health Sciences, Unit of DermatologyMagna Graecia UniversityCatanzaroItaly
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15
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Say YH, Heng AHS, Reginald K, Wong YR, Teh KF, Rawanan Shah SM, Sio YY, Ng YT, Matta SA, Pang SL, Chew FT. Modifiable and non-modifiable epidemiological risk factors for acne, acne severity and acne scarring among Malaysian Chinese: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:601. [PMID: 33773591 PMCID: PMC8005239 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acne vulgaris, a highly prevalent multifactorial inflammatory skin disease, can be categorised into different severity and scarring grades based on the type, number, and severity of lesions. While many epidemiology studies have investigated the risk factors for acne presentation, fewer studies have specifically studied the risk factors for acne severity and scarring. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence of acne, acne severity and scarring grades, and their associated non-modifiable and modifiable epidemiological risk factors among Malaysian Chinese. Methods A total of 1840 subjects (1117 cases/723 controls) completed an investigator-administered questionnaire as part of a cross-sectional study, which include socio-demographics, familial history, lifestyle factors, dietary habits, and acne history. Acne cases were further evaluated for their severity (n = 1051) and scarring (n = 1052) grades by a trained personnel. Results Majority of the acne cases (up to 69%) had mild acne or Grade 1/2 scarring, while 21.6% had moderate/severe acne and 5.5% had Grade 3/4 scarring. Males had significantly higher risk of presenting with higher grades of acne scarring. Those who had acne, regardless of severity and scarring grades, had strong positive familial history (either in parents and/or sibling). Frequent consumption (most or all days) of foods that are commonly consumed during breakfast (butter, probiotic drinks, cereals and milk) decreased the risk for acne presentation and higher acne scarring, while periodic consumption (once/twice per week) of nuts and burgers/fast food decreased the risk for higher acne severity. Alcohol drinking was significantly associated with increased risk for acne presentation, while paternal, parental and household smoking were associated with reduced risk of more severe acne. Conclusions In conclusion, positive familial history is a strong predisposing factor in influencing acne presentation, severity and scarring. Frequent consumption of foods that are commonly consumed during breakfast is protective against acne presentation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10681-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yee-How Say
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Anna Hwee Sing Heng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Kavita Reginald
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yi Ru Wong
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Keng Foo Teh
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Smyrna Moti Rawanan Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Yang Yie Sio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Yu Ting Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Sri Anusha Matta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Sze Lei Pang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Allergy and Molecular Immunology Laboratory, Lee Hiok Kwee Functional Genomics Laboratories, Block S2, Level 5, 14 Science Drive 4, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.
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16
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Dall'Oglio F, Nasca MR, Fiorentini F, Micali G. Diet and acne: review of the evidence from 2009 to 2020. Int J Dermatol 2021; 60:672-685. [PMID: 33462816 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary habits may play a non-negligible role in the development, duration, and severity of acne, as shown in past critical review articles on such association. METHODS The aim of this systematic review is to supplement data available on scientific literature spanning the last 10 years by inserting the keywords "acne" or "acne vulgaris" and "diet", "nutrition", "food", "chocolate", "dairy", "whey protein", "fatty acid", or "drink" in the timeframe "January 2009-April 2020" within the PubMed database. RESULTS Fifty-three reviewed articles met eligibility criteria. They included 11 interventional clinical trials (seven randomized controlled trials and four uncontrolled open label studies) and 42 observational studies (17 case-control and 22 cross-sectional studies, and three descriptive studies). CONCLUSIONS This review reinforces the notion of a rapidly growing exponential trend of interest in this subject by the scientific community. Acne-promoting factors include high GI/GL food, dairy products, fat food, and chocolate, whereas acne-protective factors include fatty acids, fruit, and vegetable intake. The role played by specific dietary components pertaining to different foods, as done for milk (full-fat/whole, reduced-fat, low-fat/skim milk), dairy products (milk cream, ice cream, yogurt, cheese, etc.), or chocolate (cocoa, dark/milk chocolate), remains an unsolved issue and objective of future research.
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17
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Tayel K, Attia M, Agamia N, Fadl N. Acne vulgaris: prevalence, severity, and impact on quality of life and self-esteem among Egyptian adolescents. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2020; 95:30. [PMID: 33165744 PMCID: PMC7642029 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-020-00056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Acne vulgaris is the most common dermatoses affecting adolescents with significant impact on their quality of life (QoL). The current study aimed to estimate the prevalence of acne, severity, and its impact on QoL and self-esteem among Egyptian adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 787 students were selected using multistage stratified random sampling from 12 secondary schools in Alexandria, Egypt. Data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire, and clinical examination was performed. Severity of acne and its impact on QoL and self-esteem were assessed using the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS), Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), and Coopersmith self-esteem scale, respectively. Results Prevalence of self-reported acne was 34.7%. Females significantly reported acne more frequently than males (39.1% vs. 30.3%, p = 0.009). Prevalence of clinically confirmed acne was 24.4%, with higher rates among females (28.6%) than males (20.2%, p = 0.006). The majority of students had mild acne (75.5%). CADI showed that 11.4% had severe disability. A significant medium positive correlation between GAGS and CADI was found (r = 0.338, p < 0.01). Among acne group, low self-esteem was more prevalent among females (67.0%) than males (45.0%, p = 0.004). Conclusions Acne is a common problem among Egyptian school-aged adolescents with higher prevalence and impact in females. Our findings should alert health professionals and school authorities to timely identify, manage, and educate adolescents with acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kholoud Tayel
- Adolescent and School Health, Department of Family Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horrya Avenue, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Medhat Attia
- Mental Health, Department of Family Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horrya Avenue, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Naglaa Agamia
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Champollion Street, El-Khartoum Square, Azarita Medical Campus, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Noha Fadl
- Adolescent and School Health, Department of Family Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, 165 El-Horrya Avenue, Alexandria, Egypt.
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18
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Yang J, Yang H, Xu A, He L. A Review of Advancement on Influencing Factors of Acne: An Emphasis on Environment Characteristics. Front Public Health 2020; 8:450. [PMID: 33042936 PMCID: PMC7527424 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Acne vulgaris is known as a commonly-seen skin disease with a considerable impact on the quality of life. At present, there have been a growing number of epidemiological, medical, demographic and sociological researches focusing on various influencing factors in the occurrence of acne. Nevertheless, the correlation between environmental factors and acne has yet to be fully investigated. Objective: To assess the impacts of individual, natural and social environmental factors on acne and to construct a framework for the potential impact of built environment on acne. Methods: A thorough review was conducted into the published social demographical, epidemiological, and environmental studies on acne through PubMed, Google Scholar and Web of Science, with reference made to the relevant literature. Results: The influencing factors in acne are classed into four major categories. The first one includes individual socio-economic and biological factors, for example, gender, age, economic level, heredity, obesity, skin type, menstrual cycle (for females), diet, smoking, cosmetics products, electronic products, sleep quality and psychological factors. The second one includes such natural environmental factors as temperature, humidity, sun exposure, air pollution and chloracne. The third one relates to social environment, including social network and social media. The last one includes built environmental factors, for example, population density, food stores, green spaces, as well as other built environment characteristics for transport. Acne can be affected negatively by family history, overweight, obesity, oily or mixed skin, irregular menstrual cycles, sugary food, greasy food, dairy products, smoking, the improper use of cosmetics, the long-term use of electronics, the poor quality of sleep, stress, high temperature, sun exposure, air pollution, mineral oils and halogenated hydrocarbons. Apart from that, there are also potential links between built environment and acne. Conclusions: It is necessary to determine the correlation between the built environment and acne based on the understanding of the impact of traditional factors (sociology of population and environment) on acne gained by multidisciplinary research teams. Moreover, more empirical studies are required to reveal the specific relationship between built environment and acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Yang
- The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haoran Yang
- The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,School of Urban and Regional Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aie Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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19
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Savo I, Jorgaqi E, Vasili E, Mishtaku S, Demaj D, Jafferany M. Treatment‐seeking behavior, knowledge and beliefs about acne vulgaris among adolescents: A cross‐sectional study in high school students in Tirana, Albania. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13500. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irena Savo
- Dermatology Unit American Hospital Tirana Albania
| | - Ekleva Jorgaqi
- Dermatology Service University Hospital Center “Mother Theresa” Tirana Albania
| | - Ermira Vasili
- Dermatology Service University Hospital Center “Mother Theresa” Tirana Albania
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20
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Savo I, Jorgaqi E, Fida M, Vasili E, Kuci M, Doci X, Toci E, Jafferany M. Therapeutic considerations and clinical characteristics of a sample of adolescent patients with acne vulgaris in Tirana, Albania: A cross‐sectional study. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13384. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irena Savo
- Dermatology Unit American Hospital Tirana Albania
| | - Ekleva Jorgaqi
- Dermatology Service University Hospital Center “Mother Theressa” Tirana Albania
| | - Monika Fida
- Dermatology Service University Hospital Center “Mother Theressa” Tirana Albania
| | - Ermira Vasili
- Dermatology Service University Hospital Center “Mother Theressa” Tirana Albania
| | - Maurizia Kuci
- Dermatology Service University Hospital Center “Mother Theressa” Tirana Albania
| | - Xhiliola Doci
- Dermatology Unit Regional Hospital of Durres Durres Albania
| | - Ervin Toci
- Institute of Public Health Tirana Albania
| | - Mohammad Jafferany
- Division of Psychodermatolog Central Michigan University Saginaw Michigan USA
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21
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Heng AHS, Chew FT. Systematic review of the epidemiology of acne vulgaris. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5754. [PMID: 32238884 PMCID: PMC7113252 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62715-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A systematic review was conducted on epidemiology studies on acne obtained from a Web of Science search to study risk factors associated with acne presentation and severity. A strong association was observed between several risk factors – family history, age, BMI and skin type – and acne presentation or severity in multiple studies. The pooled odds ratio of 2.36 (95% CI 1.97–2.83) for overweight/obese BMI with reference to normal/underweight BMI and the pooled odds ratio of 2.91 (95% CI 2.58–3.28) for family history in parents with reference to no family history in parents demonstrate this strong association. In addition, a pooled odds ratio of 1.07 (95% CI 0.42–2.71) was obtained for sex (males with reference to females). However, the association between other factors, such as dietary factors and smoking, and acne presentation or severity was less clear, with inconsistent results between studies. Thus, further research is required to understand how these factors may influence the development and severity of acne. This study summarizes the potential factors that may affect the risk of acne presentation or severe acne and can help researchers and clinicians to understand the epidemiology of acne and severe acne. Furthermore, the findings can direct future acne research, with the hope of gaining insight into the pathophysiology of acne so as to develop effective acne treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hwee Sing Heng
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fook Tim Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
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22
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Sobhan M, Seif Rabiei MA, Amerifar M. Correlation Between Lipid Profile and Acne Vulgaris. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2020; 13:67-71. [PMID: 32021370 PMCID: PMC6982527 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s230617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and Aim Acne is a common skin disease resulting from a complex interaction of various pathogenetic factors. The aim of this study was to find out lipid profile abnormalities in acne vulgaris patients. Material and Methods This descriptive analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 45 acne patients and 45 age- and sex-matched healthy controls to assess plasma total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) levels. Results We showed a higher cholesterol level in acne patients (P=0.025), particularly in men (P=0.04). Other plasma lipids including TG, LDL, and HDL in male and female patients were higher compared to controls, but this is not statistically significant. Discussion and Conclusion In conclusion, lipid profile was altered in our patients, with high cholesterol level as the commonest derangement, particularly in men. Therefore, screening for lipid profile abnormalities could be considered in the treatment of acne patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Sobhan
- Psoriasis Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Sina Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Amerifar
- Psoriasis Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Sina Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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23
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Anaba E, Ogunbiyi A, George A. Community based study of the influence of social class on the prevalence and clinical profile of adolescent facial acne vulgaris. NIGERIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/njm.njm_108_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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24
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Robinson S, Kwan Z, Tang MM. Metformin as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris: A randomized open‐labeled study. Dermatol Ther 2019; 32:e12953. [DOI: 10.1111/dth.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suganthy Robinson
- Department of DermatologyHospital Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Zhenli Kwan
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Malaya Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
| | - Min Moon Tang
- Department of DermatologyHospital Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
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25
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Eun DH, Kim JY, Jang YH, Lee SJ, Lee WJ. Clinical Investigation on Preadolescent Acne. Ann Dermatol 2019; 31:249-251. [PMID: 33911585 PMCID: PMC7992672 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2019.31.2.249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyuk Eun
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jun Young Kim
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Yong Hyun Jang
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seok-Jong Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Weon Ju Lee
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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26
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Degitz K, Ochsendorf F. Akne. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2018; 15:709-722. [PMID: 28677193 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.30_13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Akne ist eine chronische Erkrankung mit hoher Prävalenz unter Jugendlichen. Pathogenetische Hauptfaktoren (und ihre klinischen Korrelate) sind gesteigerte Talgproduktion (Seborrhoe), follikuläre Hyperkeratose (Komedonen) und perifollikuläre Entzündungsvorgänge (Papulopusteln). Die Krankheit wird von endogenen (Androgene, IGF-1, neuroendokrine Faktoren) und exogenen (Propionibacterium acnes, Diät, mechanische Irritation, Inhaltsstoffe medizinischer oder kosmetischer Externa) Einflüssen moduliert. Akne geht mit zum Teil hoher Morbidität einher und kann bereits bei leichter Ausprägung eine erhebliche Verschlechterung der Lebensqualität bewirken. Zu Therapie stehen wirksame topische und systemische Behandlungsverfahren zur Verfügung. Eine optimale Behandlung erfordert eine stadiengerechtes Management und kontinuierliche ärztliche Begleitung der Patienten über den erforderlichen Behandlungszeitraum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Degitz
- Dermatologische Gemeinschaftspraxis, München, Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
| | - Falk Ochsendorf
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinikum, Frankfurt am Main
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27
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Napolitano M, Ruggiero G, Monfrecola G, Megna M. Acne prevalence in 9 to 14-year-old old patients attending pediatric ambulatory clinics in Italy. Int J Dermatol 2018; 57:1320-1323. [PMID: 29974945 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory skin disease of the pilosebaceous follicles that affects patients of all ages with a younger onset being more common than in the past. OBJECTIVES To investigate on the prevalence, clinical features and treatments of acne in 9 to 14-year-old patients. METHODS A prospective observational study was conducted between April 2016 and May 2016. The study population consisted of patients attending 32 different pediatric ambulatory clinics located in Italy (North: 56.25%, Center: 18.75%, South: 25%). For each patient, a specific questionnaire was registered: i) demographic data; ii) past personal history of acne; iii) auxologic parameters. Further data were gathered for patients suffering from acne at study enrollment: i) body areas involved by the disease; ii) acne severity evaluated through a 0-5 scale (Global Evaluation Acne scale); iii) acne treatments. RESULTS A total of 683 children (49.2% male; mean age 11.05 ± 1.4 years) were enrolled. Acne was present in 234/683 (34.3%) of the patients, and its prevalence increased with age being higher after 13 years of age (85/234; 36.3%) and lowest at 9 years of age (14/234; 6%). The majority of the patients suffering from acne showed a mild or almost clear disease state severity (GEA scale 1 or 2) (207/234, 88.5%), whereas severe or very severe forms (GEA scale 4 or 5) represented only 4/234, 1.7% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS Acne is not a rare disease in pre-adolescent age. Adequate and prompt treatment is also needed in this class of patient to minimize disease burden and potential future disease worsening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddalena Napolitano
- Department of Medicine and Health Science "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ruggiero
- Family Pediatrician, National Coordinator, Dermatology Network, Italian Federation of Pediatricians (FIMP), Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Monfrecola
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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28
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Szepietowski J, Wolkenstein P, Veraldi S, Tennstedt D, Machovcová A, Delarue A. Acne across Europe: an online survey on perceptions and management of acne. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:463-466. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.C. Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology; Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
| | - P. Wolkenstein
- Department of Dermatology; Hôpital Henri Mondor; APHP, UPEC; Créteil France
| | - S. Veraldi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - D. Tennstedt
- Department of Dermatology; UCL, Cliniques Universitaires St-Luc; Brussels Belgium
| | - A. Machovcová
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; Motol Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
| | - A. Delarue
- Pierre Fabre Dermatologie; Les Cauquillous; Lavaur France
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29
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Wolkenstein P, Machovcová A, Szepietowski J, Tennstedt D, Veraldi S, Delarue A. Acne prevalence and associations with lifestyle: a cross-sectional online survey of adolescents/young adults in 7 European countries. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 32:298-306. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.14475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. Wolkenstein
- Department of Dermatology; Hôpital Henri Mondor; APHP; UPEC; Créteil France
| | - A. Machovcová
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology; Motol Hospital; Prague Czech Republic
| | - J.C. Szepietowski
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology; Medical University; Wroclaw Poland
| | - D. Tennstedt
- Department of Dermatology; UCL; Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc; Brussels Belgium
| | - S. Veraldi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation; University of Milan; Milan Italy
| | - A. Delarue
- Pierre Fabre Dermatologie; Les Cauquillous; Lavaur France
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30
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Gold MH, Goldberg DJ, Nestor MS. Current treatments of acne: Medications, lights, lasers, and a novel 650-μs 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser. J Cosmet Dermatol 2017; 16:303-318. [PMID: 28703382 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of acne, especially severe acne, remains a challenge to dermatologists. Therapies include retinoids, antibiotics, hormones, lights, lasers, and various combinations of these modalities. Acne is currently considered a chronic rather than an adolescent condition. The appropriate treatment depends on the patient and the severity of disease. The purpose of this study was to review current therapies for acne of all severities and to introduce the 650-μs 1064-nm laser for the treatment of acne.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David J Goldberg
- Skin Laser and Surgery Specialists of NY and NJ, Hackensack, NJ, USA
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31
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Degitz K, Ochsendorf F. Acne. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2017; 15:709-722. [DOI: 10.1111/ddg.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Degitz
- Dermatology Practice, Munich; Department of Dermatology and Allergology; Ludwig-Maximilians University; Munich Germany
| | - Falk Ochsendorf
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology; Goethe University; Frankfurt am Main Germany
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32
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33
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Blume-Peytavi U, Tan J, Tennstedt D, Boralevi F, Fabbrocini G, Torrelo A, Soares-Oliveira R, Haftek M, Rossi AB, Thouvenin MD, Mangold J, Galliano MF, Hernandez-Pigeon H, Aries MF, Rouvrais C, Bessou-Touya S, Duplan H, Castex-Rizzi N, Mengeaud V, Ferret PJ, Clouet E, Saint Aroman M, Carrasco C, Coutanceau C, Guiraud B, Boyal S, Herman A, Delga H, Biniek K, Dauskardt R. Fragility of epidermis in newborns, children and adolescents. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 30 Suppl 4:3-56. [PMID: 27062556 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Within their first days of life, newborns' skin undergoes various adaptation processes needed to accommodate the transition from the wet uterine environment to the dry atmosphere. The skin of newborns and infants is considered as a physiological fragile skin, a skin with lower resistance to aggressions. Fragile skin is divided into four categories up to its origin: physiological fragile skin (age, location), pathological fragile skin (acute and chronic), circumstantial fragile skin (due to environmental extrinsic factors or intrinsic factors such as stress) and iatrogenic fragile skin. Extensive research of the past 10 years have proven evidence that at birth albeit showing a nearly perfect appearance, newborn skin is structurally and functionally immature compared to adult skin undergoing a physiological maturation process after birth at least throughout the first year of life. This article is an overview of all known data about fragility of epidermis in 'fragile populations': newborns, children and adolescents. It includes the recent pathological, pathophysiological and clinical data about fragility of epidermis in various dermatological diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, acne, rosacea, contact dermatitis, irritative dermatitis and focus on UV protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Blume-Peytavi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin Science, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - J Tan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, Windsor campus, Windsor, ON, Canada.,Windsor Clinical Research Inc., Windsor campus, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - D Tennstedt
- Department of Dermatology, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Boralevi
- Pediatric Dermatology, Pellegrin Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - G Fabbrocini
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - A Torrelo
- Pediatric Dermatology, Hospital del Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - M Haftek
- University Lyon 1, Lyon, France.,University Lyon 1, EA4169, "Fundamental, clinical and therapeutic aspects of the skin barrier function", Lyon, France
| | - A B Rossi
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France.,Department of Dermatology, Toulouse University hospital, France
| | - M D Thouvenin
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France
| | - J Mangold
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France
| | - M F Galliano
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Pierre Fabre Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - H Hernandez-Pigeon
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Pierre Fabre Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - M F Aries
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Pierre Fabre Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - C Rouvrais
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France
| | - S Bessou-Touya
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France.,Medical Department, Pierre Fabre Research and Laboratoires Dermatologiques A-Derma, Lavaur, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Pierre Fabre Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - H Duplan
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Pierre Fabre Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - N Castex-Rizzi
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Pierre Fabre Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - V Mengeaud
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - P J Ferret
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Toxicology Division, Vigoulet-Auzil, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Developement Center, Toxicology division, Vigoulet, France
| | - E Clouet
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Toxicology Division, Vigoulet-Auzil, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Developement Center, Toxicology division, Vigoulet, France
| | | | - C Carrasco
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France.,Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Pierre Fabre Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - C Coutanceau
- Medical Department, Pierre Fabre Research and Laboratoires Dermatologiques A-Derma, Lavaur, France
| | - B Guiraud
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique Research & Development, Clinical Division, Toulouse, France
| | - S Boyal
- Windsor Clinical Research Inc., Windsor campus, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - A Herman
- Department of Dermatology, Saint-Luc University Clinics, Brussels, Belgium
| | - H Delga
- Pierre Fabre Dermo-Cosmétique, Pierre Fabre Research and Development Center, Pharmacology Division, Toulouse, France
| | - K Biniek
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - R Dauskardt
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University hospital, Stanford, CA, USA
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Park MY, Kim KH, Kang H, Kye YC, Kwon HH, Kim KJ, Kim NI, Kim MN, Ro YS, Min S, Park KY, Song M, Ahn KJ, Ahn HH, Lee MW, Lee WJ, Lee JB, Choi YS, Suh DH. Analysis of Korean acne patients according to age groups based on two multicenter studies. J Dermatol 2016; 44:186-188. [PMID: 27790755 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Along with increasing public concerns on acne and its complications, increasing treatment options seem to lead more acne patients to clinics globally, including Korea. The aim of the present study was to investigate the number and distribution of acne patients according to age group by analyzing number and age of outpatients from several general hospitals in Korea. Two retrospective multicenter studies including 14 general hospitals for a maximum of 10 years were conducted by medical chart review of acne patients. During the last 10 years, total acne patients have increased by 60% in number and patients under the age of 19 years have doubled. Adult acne patients (aged >18 years) accounted for the biggest portion in total acne patients at over 80%. Although upper grade of elementary school patients (aged 10-12 years) accounted for the biggest portion among the childhood acne patients, children under 10 years have also increased rapidly by 73% during the last 10 years. Childhood acne patients (aged <13 years) accounted for 11% of total acne patients. We found that acne patients were increasing consistently and the portion of those aged under 19 years is getting bigger. Additionally, childhood acne patients have increased remarkably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Youn Park
- Department of Dermatology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Kang
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Chul Kye
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyuck Hoon Kwon
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Acne and Rosacea Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Joong Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Nack In Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kyunghee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myeung Nam Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Suck Ro
- Department of Dermatology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonguk Min
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Acne and Rosacea Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Margaret Song
- Department of Dermatology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyu Joong Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyo Hyun Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi Woo Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Weon Ju Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jee Bum Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yu Sung Choi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Dae Hun Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Acne and Rosacea Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
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35
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Monfrecola G, Cacciapuoti S, Capasso C, Delfino M, Fabbrocini G. Tolerability and camouflaging effect of corrective makeup for acne: results of a clinical study of a novel face compact cream. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2016; 9:307-313. [PMID: 27785082 PMCID: PMC5066693 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s115192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background A novel face compact cream (FCC) containing a new patented formulation was recently developed to provide acne patients with cosmetic camouflage for their lesions and to have beneficial effects on the multifactorial components of the disease. This pilot investigation aimed to evaluate the real-life tolerability, potential for comedogenicity and covering effect provided by this FCC. Methods This single-center study evaluated the FCC applied once daily for 28 days in 20 females with facial acne. Tolerability was assessed by rating skin reactions on a scale from 1 =absent to 4 =evident. Comedogenicity potential was evaluated by determining the number of facial acne lesions before and after use of the FCC. The covering effect was rated in ten patients 30 minutes after application on a scale from 1 =none to 5 =excellent. Patients rated their opinions on the FCC on day 28 using a questionnaire. Results Assessment of tolerability on days 0, 14, and 28 showed that skin reactions, including erythema, edema, dryness, desquamation, tight feeling, itching, and burning, were absent in all patients. The FCC was noncomedogenic and provided a significant 15.8% reduction in facial acne lesions after 28 days (P<0.001). The FCC provided a good covering effect 30 minutes after application in 80% of patients. All patients (100%) were satisfied with the FCC, with 90% agreeing that the FCC was effective and 80% stating that the FCC improved their skin. Conclusion The FCC was positively perceived, well tolerated, noncomedogenic, and provided an effective covering of acne in this small group of female patients with 1 month of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Monfrecola
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Cacciapuoti
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Capasso
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Delfino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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36
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Gollnick HPM. From new findings in acne pathogenesis to new approaches in treatment. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2016; 29 Suppl 5:1-7. [PMID: 26059819 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Acne is a chronic disease of the pilosebaceous unit which is most common during adolescence. Four factors are believed to play a key role in the development of acne lesions: excess sebum production, disturbed keratinization within the follicle, colonization of the pilosebaceous duct by Propionibacterium acnes, and the release of inflammatory mediators into the skin. Consequently, in order to effectively and rapidly reduce acne lesions, treatments need to address as many of these underlying factors as possible. Currently, about half of patients have poor adherence to acne treatments. To overcome this limitation, treatments need to be developed which are well tolerated by patients, and easy for them to use, handle and apply. Topical monotherapies for acne such as retinoids and antimicrobials by themselves have a restricted range of actions against the pathogenic factors of acne. Instead, the Global Alliance to Improve Outcomes in Acne Group recommends combination therapy with a topical retinoid and an antimicrobial agent as the preferred approach for almost all acne patients. The principal advantage of such combinations is that they target more of the underlying pathogenic factors of acne than individual monotherapies and this results in faster and more complete clearing of acne lesions. Fixed-dose combinations are also more convenient than applying two medications separately, which leads to improved adherence with the regimen. By normalizing desquamation, the retinoid component of these combinations allows entry of the antimicrobial agent into the pilosebaceous unit resulting in faster clearance of P. acnes. In conclusion, topical retinoid/antimicrobial fixed-dose combinations represent a rational approach for the treatment of acne. They should be considered as the cornerstone of acne management and should be used much more in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P M Gollnick
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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37
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Walsh TR, Efthimiou J, Dréno B. Systematic review of antibiotic resistance in acne: an increasing topical and oral threat. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2016; 16:e23-33. [PMID: 26852728 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(15)00527-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Topical and oral antibiotics are routinely used to treat acne. However, antibiotic resistance is increasing, with many countries reporting that more than 50% of Propionibacterium acnes strains are resistant to topical macrolides, making them less effective. We reviewed the current scientific literature to enable proposal of recommendations for antibiotic use in acne treatment. References were identified through PubMed searches for articles published from January, 1954, to March 7, 2015, using four multiword searches. Ideally, benzoyl peroxide in combination with a topical retinoid should be used instead of a topical antibiotic to minimise the impact of resistance. Oral antibiotics still have a role in the treatment of moderate-to-severe acne, but only with a topical retinoid, benzoyl peroxide, or their combination, and ideally for no longer than 3 months. To limit resistance, it is recommended that benzoyl peroxide should always be added when long-term oral antibiotic use is deemed necessary. The benefit-to-risk ratio of long-term antibiotic use should be carefully considered and, in particular, use alone avoided where possible. There is a need to treat acne with effective alternatives to antibiotics to reduce the likelihood of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R Walsh
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Heath Hospital, Cardiff, UK.
| | | | - Brigitte Dréno
- Department of Dermatology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
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38
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Mirdamadi Y, Thielitz A, Wiede A, Goihl A, Papakonstantinou E, Hartig R, Zouboulis CC, Reinhold D, Simeoni L, Bommhardt U, Quist S, Gollnick H. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 can modulate the phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt/FoxO1 pathway in SZ95 sebocytes in vitro. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 415:32-44. [PMID: 26257240 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A recent hypothesis suggests that a high glycaemic load diet-associated increase of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin may promote acne by reducing nuclear localization of the forkhead box-O1 (FoxO1) transcription factor via activation of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. Using SZ95 sebocytes as a model, we investigated the effect of the most important insulinotropic western dietary factors, IGF-1 and insulin on acne. SZ95 sebocytes were stimulated with different concentrations of IGF-1 and insulin (0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 μM) for 15 to 120 min ± PI3K inhibitor LY294002 (50 μM). Cytoplasmic and nuclear protein expression of p-Akt and p-FoxO1 as well as FoxO transcriptional activity was analysed. In addition, the proliferation and differentiation of sebocytes and their TLR2/4 expression were determined. We found that high concentrations of IGF-1 and insulin differentially stimulate the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 pathway by an early up-regulation of cytoplasmic p-Akt and delayed up-regulation of p-FoxO1 resulting in FoxO1 shift to the cytoplasm and the reduction of FoxO transcriptional activity, physiological serum concentration had no effect. IGF-1 at concentrations of 0.1 and 1 μM significantly reduced proliferation but increased differentiation of sebocytes to a greater extent than insulin (0.1 and 1 μM), but up-regulated TLR2/4 expression to comparable extent. These data provide the first in vitro evidence that FoxO1 principally might be involved in the regulation of growth-factor-stimulatory effects on sebaceous lipogenesis and inflammation in the pathological condition of acne. However, the in vivo significance under physiological conditions remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Mirdamadi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Anja Thielitz
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Antje Wiede
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Goihl
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eleni Papakonstantinou
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roland Hartig
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christos C Zouboulis
- Departments of Dermatology, Venereology, Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical Center, Dessau, Germany
| | - Dirk Reinhold
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Luca Simeoni
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ursula Bommhardt
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Immunology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sven Quist
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Harald Gollnick
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
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39
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Park SY, Kwon HH, Min S, Yoon JY, Suh DH. Epidemiology and risk factors of childhood acne in Korea: a cross-sectional community based study. Clin Exp Dermatol 2015; 40:844-50. [PMID: 26011595 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epidemiology of acne vulgaris appears to be evolving, with an increasingly earlier onset seen in childhood. Relevant studies have been rarely performed in Asia. AIM We sought to estimate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of acne among schoolchildren, and its association with treatment-seeking behaviour, body mass index (BMI), nutritional habits and other lifestyle elements. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with elementary schoolchildren aged 7-12 years. Children were interviewed by self-administered questionnaires, and were subsequently evaluated by dermatologists. RESULTS Of 693 children enrolled, 36.2% were diagnosed with acne, and the prevalence increased with age. Additionally, clinical characteristics including severity, duration of disease and lesion distribution were significantly different between the lower (aged 7-9 years) and the higher (aged 10-12 years) grades. Subjective features including recognition about acne and treatment-seeking behaviours were also different between the two groups. Overweight or obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m(2) at 18 years of age; OR = 2.7) and consumption of chocolates/sweets (OR = 1.6) were significant risk factors for acne. CONCLUSIONS In the current study, the prevalence of acne among elementary schoolchildren was high, but only a few children had received treatment. Physicians should be attentive to childhood acne, and educate patients and their parents about the need to treat it.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Park
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Acne and Rosacea Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H H Kwon
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Acne and Rosacea Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S Min
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Acne and Rosacea Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J Y Yoon
- Acne and Rosacea Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D H Suh
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.,Acne and Rosacea Research Laboratory, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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Karciauskiene J, Valiukeviciene S, Stang A, Gollnick H. Beliefs, perceptions, and treatment modalities of acne among schoolchildren in Lithuania: A cross-sectional study. Int J Dermatol 2015; 54:e70-8. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jurgita Karciauskiene
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Skaidra Valiukeviciene
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Andreas Stang
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology; Martin-Luther-University; Halle Germany
| | - Harald Gollnick
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; Otto-von-Guericke-University; Magdeburg Germany
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Kontautiene S, Stang A, Gollnick H, Valiukeviciene S. The role of phenotype, body mass index, parental and sun exposure factors in the prevalence of melanocytic nevi among schoolchildren in Lithuania. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2014; 29:1506-16. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Kontautiene
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
| | - A. Stang
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry, and Epidemiology; University Hospital of Essen; University Duisburg-Essen; Essen Germany
| | - H. Gollnick
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; Otto-von-Guericke-University; Magdeburg Germany
| | - S. Valiukeviciene
- Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; Kaunas Lithuania
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Wolkenstein P, Misery L, Amici JM, Maghia R, Branchoux S, Cazeau C, Voisard JJ, Taïeb C. Smoking and dietary factors associated with moderate-to-severe acne in French adolescents and young adults: results of a survey using a representative sample. Dermatology 2014; 230:34-9. [PMID: 25413494 DOI: 10.1159/000366195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary factors and smoking play a role in acne. METHODS CSA Santé conducted a survey in France in 2012. Each individual answered a questionnaire to report acne, with associated epidemiological variables. Data on subjects between 15 and 24 years of age were extracted. The characteristics of subjects reporting acne were compared to subjects reporting no acne, using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS The daily consumption of chocolate and sweets was independently and highly associated with acne, with an odds ratio of 2.38 (95% CI: 1.31-4.31). Smoking more than 10 cigarettes a day was highly associated with no acne, with an odds ratio of 0.44 (95% CI: 0.30-0.66). The regular use of cannabis was associated with acne, with an odds ratio of 2.88 (95% CI: 1.55-5.37). CONCLUSION Chocolate, sweets and cannabis smoking are associated with acne. We found tobacco to be protective. We failed to investigate the respective roles of sugar, lipids and milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Wolkenstein
- Department of Dermatology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val de Marne (UPEC), Créteil, France
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