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Lin C, Cousins SJ, Zhu Y, Clingan SE, Mooney LJ, Kan E, Wu F, Hser YI. A scoping review of social determinants of health's impact on substance use disorders over the life course. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2024; 166:209484. [PMID: 39153733 PMCID: PMC11418584 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2024.209484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use is a public crisis in the U.S. Substance use can be understood as a series of events in the life course, from initiation to mortality. Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) have increasingly been recognized as essential contributors to individuals' health. This scoping review aims to examine available evidence of SDoH impact on the life course of substance use disorder (SUD). METHODS This study identified peer-reviewed articles that reported longitudinal studies with SDoH factors as independent variables and substance use and disorders as dependent variables from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The reported associations between SDoH and substance use stages over the life course were narratively and graphically summarized. RESULTS Among the 50 studies identified, ten revealed parental monitoring/support and early childhood education as protective factors, while negative peer influences and neighborhood instability were risk factors of substance use initiation. Nineteen articles reported factors associated with escalation in substance use, including unemployment, neighborhood vulnerability, negative peer influence, violence/trauma, and criminal justice system (CJS) involvement. Ten articles suggested that employment, social support, urban living, and low-barrier medication treatment facilitated treatment participation, while stigma and CJS involvement had negative impact on treatment trajectory. Social support and employment could foster progress in recovery and CJS involvement and unstable housing deterred recovery. Four studies suggested that unemployment, unstable housing, CJS involvement, and lack of social support were associated with overdose and mortality. CONCLUSIONS This review underscores the influence of social networks and early life experiences on the life course of SUD. Future SDoH research should investigate overdose and mortality and the impact of broader upstream SDoH on SUD. Interventions addressing these social factors are needed to mitigate their detrimental effects on the trajectories of SUD over the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States of America
| | - Sarah J Cousins
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States of America
| | - Yuhui Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States of America
| | - Sarah E Clingan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States of America
| | - Larissa J Mooney
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States of America; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, United States of America
| | - Emily Kan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States of America
| | - Fei Wu
- Los Angeles County Chief Executive Office, Los Angeles, CA 90012, United States of America
| | - Yih-Ing Hser
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, United States of America.
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Shaikh A, Sarin A. Inhalant abuse among street-involved children and adolescents in India: Case for epistemic recognition and reorientation. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2024; 34:366-379. [PMID: 38695149 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Contextualizing the void of research on inhalant abuse among adolescents as epistemic neglect, in this study, we use mixed-methods action research to understand inhalant abuse in a specific context in the Global South. Focusing on a large metropolitan city in Western India, we surveyed 158 street-involved children and adolescents (110 boys and 48 girls, age range from 5 to 17 years) in a group setting along with follow-up group interviews. Despite finding a high prevalence rate of inhalant abuse, our work suggests an absence of supporting structures and emphasizes the need to revisit our understanding and interpretation of substance-using behavior of street-involved youth. Instead of explaining inhalant-abusing behavior as emerging from pathological deficiencies in individuals or households, we stress the need to critically examine the exploitative environment they are embedded in. In doing so, we join efforts to decolonize conventional ways of understanding "deviant" behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ankur Sarin
- Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad, Ahmedabad, India
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Green R, Wolf BJ, Chen A, Kirkland AE, Ferguson PL, Browning BD, Bryant BE, Tomko RL, Gray KM, Mewton L, Squeglia LM. Predictors of Substance Use Initiation by Early Adolescence. Am J Psychiatry 2024; 181:423-433. [PMID: 38706327 PMCID: PMC11411615 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Substance use initiation during early adolescence is associated with later development of substance use and mental health disorders. This study used various domains to predict substance use initiation, defined as trying any nonprescribed substance (e.g., alcohol, tobacco, cannabis), by age 12, using a large longitudinal data set. METHODS Substance-naive youths from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ages 9-10; N=6,829) were followed for 3 years. A total of 420 variables were examined as predictors of substance use initiation, using a penalized logistic regression with elastic net; domains spanned demographic characteristics, self and peer involvement with substance use, parenting behaviors, mental and physical health, culture and environment, hormones, neurocognitive functioning, and structural neuroimaging. RESULTS By age 12, 982 (14.4%) children reported substance initiation, with alcohol being the most common. Models with only self-report predictors had similar prediction performance to models adding hormones, neurocognitive factors, and neuroimaging predictors (AUCtest=0.66). Sociodemographic factors were the most robust predictors, followed by cultural and environmental factors, physical health factors, and parenting behaviors. The top predictor was a religious preference of Mormon (coefficient=-0.87), followed by a religious preference for Jewish (coefficient=0.32), and by Black youths (coefficient=-0.32). CONCLUSIONS Sociodemographic variables were the most robust predictors of substance use initiation. Adding resource-intensive measures, including hormones, neurocognitive assessment, and structural neuroimaging, did not improve prediction of substance use initiation. The application of these large-scale findings in clinical settings could help to streamline and tailor prevention and early intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- ReJoyce Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Bethany J Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Andrew Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Anna E Kirkland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Pamela L Ferguson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Brittney D Browning
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Brittany E Bryant
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Rachel L Tomko
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Kevin M Gray
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Louise Mewton
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
| | - Lindsay M Squeglia
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (Green, Kirkland, Browning, Bryant, Tomko, Gray, Squeglia) and Department of Public Health Sciences (Wolf, Chen, Ferguson), Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston; Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (Mewton)
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Waldron KA, Wolfe E, Plisiewicz A, Turrisi RJ, Romano E. Long-term impact of familismo and ethnic identity on latinx college student drinking and high-risk consequences. J Ethn Subst Abuse 2024; 23:201-221. [PMID: 38768079 PMCID: PMC11106522 DOI: 10.1080/15332640.2022.2082618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Familismo, ethnic pride, and ethnic shame were examined as longitudinal predictors of Latinx college student alcohol use and high-risk alcohol-related consequences. Latinx students completed measures during the fall of their first (T1), second (T2), and fourth (T4) year of college. T1 familismo was positively associated with T2 ethnic pride and negatively associated with T2 ethnic shame. T2 ethnic pride was negatively associated with T4 drinking, while T2 ethnic shame was positively associated with T4 drinking. T4 drinking was positively associated with T4 consequences. Results suggest that Latinx ethnic pride and ethnic shame during the second-year of college act as mediators between first-year familismo and fourth-year drinking and consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin Wolfe
- Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Eduardo Romano
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, Maryland
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Latt NNN, Putdivarnichapong W, Phetrasuwan S, Vongsirimas N. Factors predicting the intention of drug abuse avoidance among adolescents in Pinlaung Township, Myanmar: predictive correlational design. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:8. [PMID: 38166869 PMCID: PMC10759472 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17419-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical transition period and is at high risk for drug/substance abuse. In Myanmar, drug use is common among adolescents and is a public health concern. There are no studies of drug abuse prevention among Myanmar adolescents. Intentions to avoid drug abuse can be a protective factor for preventing drug abuse among adolescents. This study investigated the effects of sex, parental history of drug/alcohol abuse, self-efficacy, parental marital status, and family functioning on the intention of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents. METHODS This is a predictive correlational study. The Biopsychosocial model was used as the theoretical framework of this study. A convenient sampling method was used to collect data from 157 students aged 13-18 years in a government school, middle school level and high school level, Pinlaung Town, Southern Shan State, Myanmar during the COVID-19 pandemic and political protests. G* power software was used to calculate the sample size. Data was collected by four self-administered questionnaires: a socio-demographic questionnaire, Thai Family Functioning Scale (TFFS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), and Intention of Drug Avoidance Scale (IDAS). Multiple linear regression was employed to analyze the data. RESULTS Five predictors, including biological sex, parental history without drug/alcohol abuse, self-efficacy, parental marital status, and family functioning, explained 24.4% of the variance in the intention of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents (R 2 = .244, F (5,151) = 9.738, p = .000). In addition, only three factors, family functioning (β = .31, p < .001), biological sex (β = -.25, p < .01), and self-efficacy (β = .16, p < .05) statistically and significantly predicted the intention of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Family functioning, female gender, and self-efficacy predicted the intention of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents in Pinlaung Township, Southern Shan State, Myanmar. IMPLICATIONS OF THIS STUDY The results of this study have implications for all stakeholders through research, education, practice, and policymaking leading to improve the intentions of drug abuse avoidance among Myanmar adolescents. Furthermore, the results of this study specifically contribute to create psychoeducational intervention programs for increasing intention to avoid substance use by promoting family functioning and self-efficacy of adolescents. This is especially proper for male adolescents who have less intention to avoid substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nang Nwe Nwe Latt
- Student of Master of Nursing Science Program (International Program), Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wimolnun Putdivarnichapong
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Supapak Phetrasuwan
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Nopporn Vongsirimas
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
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6
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Wellman RJ, O'Loughlin EK, Sylvestre MP, Dugas EN, O'Loughlin JL. Factors associated with cannabis use in early adolescence. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2023; 43:14-26. [PMID: 36651884 PMCID: PMC9894293 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.43.1.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined whether factors identified as associated with cannabis use at age 14 to 16 years are also associated with ever use at age 12. METHODS Participants in the AdoQuest study (n = 1852) were recruited in 2005 from among Grade 5 students in 29 French-language elementary schools in Montréal, Canada. Self-report data were collected from participants in Grade 5 (spring 2005) and 6 (fall 2005 and spring 2006) and from parents/guardians in 2006/07. Inclusion in the analytic sample (n = 1076; mean age [SD] = 10.7 [0.5]) required data from participant and parental questionnaires and data on cannabis use in Grade 6 (mean age [SD] = 11.7 [0.4]). We estimated associations between ever use at age 12 with 33 potential correlates, separately in unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models. RESULTS Fifty-three participants (4.9%) reported ever use at age 12. Factors associated with higher odds of ever use included older age, identifying as male, lower household income, more weekly spending money, ever tried cigarettes or other tobacco products, ever drank alcohol or binge drank, ever gambled, friends or siblings smoke cigarettes, greater nicotine dependence, higher depressive symptoms and greater impulsivity. Protective factors included higher levels of parental/guardian monitoring and greater self-esteem and school connectedness. CONCLUSION Factors associated with cannabis use at later ages are also associated with ever use at age 12. Our findings suggest that surveillance for and interventions to prevent cannabis use are warranted before age 12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Wellman
- Department of Population and Health Sciences, Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, UMass Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Erin K O'Loughlin
- Centre de Recherche CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Sylvestre
- Centre de Recherche CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Social & Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Erika N Dugas
- Centre de Recherche CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Vitalité Health Network, Dr. Georges-L.-Dumont University Hospital Centre, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Jennifer L O'Loughlin
- Centre de Recherche CRCHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Correa KA, Delfel EL, Wallace AL, III WEP, Jacobus J. Hispanic/Latinx ethnic differences in the relationships between behavioral inhibition, anxiety, and substance use in youth from the ABCD cohort. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1251032. [PMID: 37867762 PMCID: PMC10587569 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1251032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Elevated levels of behavioral inhibition (BI) may connote risk for both anxiety and substance use disorders. BI has consistently been shown to be associated with increased levels of anxiety, while the association between BI and substance use has been mixed. It is possible that the relationship between BI and substance use varies by individual difference factors. Hispanic/Latinx (H/L) youth in particular may have stronger relationships between BI, anxiety, and substance use. Methods The present study therefore evaluated (1) the prospective relationships between BI [assessed via self-reported behavioral inhibition system (BIS) scale scores], anxiety, and substance use in youth (n = 11,876) across baseline, 1-, and 2-year follow-ups of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (ages 9-12) and (2) whether these relationships differed by H/L ethnicity while covarying for average behavioral approach system scores, race, sex, age, highest parental income, highest parental education, and past-year substance use (for analyses involving substance use outcomes). Results Baseline levels of BIS scores predicted increased anxiety symptoms at both 1- and 2-year follow-ups and did not differ by H/L ethnicity. Baseline levels of BIS scores also prospectively predicted increased likelihood of substance use at 2-year follow-up, but only for H/L youth and not at 1-year follow-up. Discussion High scores on the BIS scale contribute risk to anxiety across ethnicities and may uniquely contribute to risk for substance use in H/L youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A. Correa
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Everett L. Delfel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
- San Diego State University/University of California (SDSU/UC) San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Alexander L. Wallace
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - William E. Pelham III
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Joanna Jacobus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, United States
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Wen W, Ip K, Lee S, Lopez BG, Kamata A, Lui P, Kim SY. Acculturation and daily cigarette use among Mexican-origin youth: The moderating role of executive functions. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2023; 153:208948. [PMID: 37654009 PMCID: PMC10474322 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2022.208948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acculturation and enculturation have been conceptualized, respectively, as risk and protective factors for cigarette use. Although acculturation/enculturation orientations are often studied as stable characteristics, they represent a dynamic process influenced by individuals' social environments and can fluctuate across time. Therefore, investigating how youth actively navigate their acculturation and enculturation beliefs and behaviors on a day-to-day basis can advance scientific understanding of factors related to cigarette use. Executive functions, including inhibitory control, shifting, and working memory, are robust predictors of smoking (e.g., cigarette use). However, we know little about the protective role of executive functions on the daily level associations between acculturation/enculturation and cigarette use among Mexican-origin youth. OBJECTIVES In a low-income Mexican-origin youth sample (M = 16.94, SD = 1.01; 52 % female), this study examined within-person associations between daily acculturation/enculturation and daily cigarette use and the moderating role of individual-level executive functions. METHOD We captured the daily fluctuations of acculturation/enculturation and smoking by utilizing data from a 4-day daily diary. The study assessed inhibitory control, shifting, and working memory using behavioral paradigms. RESULTS A multilevel logistic moderation model revealed statistically significant interactions between acculturation (but not enculturation) and all executive function skills predicting cigarette use. Higher daily acculturation levels were related to greater odds of daily cigarette use only for youth with lower levels of executive function skills. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that interventions aimed at improving executive functions may protect Mexican-origin youth from the possible adverse effect of acculturation on cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wen
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, United States of America.
| | - Ka Ip
- University of Minnesota Institute of Child Development, United States of America
| | - Sujin Lee
- University of Michigan, United States of America
| | - Belem G Lopez
- National Institutes of Health, United States of America
| | | | - Priscilla Lui
- Southern Methodist University, United States of America; University of Washington, United States of America
| | - Su Yeong Kim
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, United States of America
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Huff AJ, Luzingu JK, Valdez-Salerno E, Brady B, Bell M. Does high family support protect against substance use in adolescents who perceive high disordered neighborhood stress, border community and immigration stress or normalization of drug trafficking at the US-Mexico border? Analysis of the BASUS survey. J Migr Health 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmh.2023.100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Beard SJ, Yoon L, Venticinque JS, Shepherd NE, Guyer AE. The brain in social context: A systematic review of substance use and social processing from adolescence to young adulthood. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 57:101147. [PMID: 36030675 PMCID: PMC9434028 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Substance use escalates between adolescence and young adulthood, and most experimentation occurs among peers. To understand underlying mechanisms, research has focused on neural response during relevant psychological processes. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research provides a wealth of information about brain activity when processing monetary rewards; however, most studies have used tasks devoid of social stimuli. Given that adolescent neurodevelopment is sculpted by the push-and-pull of peers and emotions, identifying neural substrates is important for intervention. We systematically reviewed 28 fMRI studies examining substance use and neural responses to stimuli including social reward, emotional faces, social influence, and social stressors. We found substance use was positively associated with social-reward activity (e.g., in the ventral striatum), and negatively with social-stress activity (e.g., in the amygdala). For emotion, findings were mixed with more use linked to heightened response (e.g., in amygdala), but also with decreased response (e.g., in insula). For social influence, evidence supported both positive (e.g., cannabis and nucleus accumbens during conformity) and negative (e.g., polydrug and ventromedial PFC during peers' choices) relations between activity and use. Based on the literature, we offer recommendations for future research on the neural processing of social information to better identify risks for substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J Beard
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, 267 Cousteau Pl, Davis, CA 95618, USA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, 301 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Leehyun Yoon
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, 267 Cousteau Pl, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
| | - Joseph S Venticinque
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, 267 Cousteau Pl, Davis, CA 95618, USA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, 301 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Nathan E Shepherd
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, 267 Cousteau Pl, Davis, CA 95618, USA.
| | - Amanda E Guyer
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, 267 Cousteau Pl, Davis, CA 95618, USA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, 301 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Layman HM, Thorisdottir IE, Halldorsdottir T, Sigfusdottir ID, Allegrante JP, Kristjansson AL. Substance Use Among Youth During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Systematic Review. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2022; 24:307-324. [PMID: 35476186 PMCID: PMC9043089 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-022-01338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the literature on the trends in substance use among youth during the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic. RECENT FINDINGS The pandemic has given rise to concerns about the mental health and social well-being of youth, including its potential to increase or exacerbate substance use behaviors. This systematic review identified and included 49 studies of use across alcohol, cannabis, tobacco, e-cigarettes/vaping, and other drugs, and unspecified substances. The majority of studies across all categories of youth substance use reported reductions in prevalence, except in the case of other drugs and unspecified drug and substance use, which included three studies that reported an increase in use and three studies that reported decrease in use. Overall, the results of this review suggest that the prevalence of youth substance use has largely declined during the pandemic. Youth substance use in the post-pandemic years will require monitoring and continued surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah M Layman
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Ingibjorg Eva Thorisdottir
- Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Centre for Social Research and Analysis, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Inga Dora Sigfusdottir
- Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Icelandic Centre for Social Research and Analysis, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John P Allegrante
- Department of Health and Behavior Studies, Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alfgeir Logi Kristjansson
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- Department of Psychology, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.
- Icelandic Centre for Social Research and Analysis, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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Beneito P, Muñoz M. Preventing tobacco use from the start: Short- and medium-term impacts on the youth. Health Policy 2022; 126:831-836. [PMID: 35660113 DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent substance use is a persistent global problem and a challenge for society and the public health authorities. In this paper we investigate the impact of a prevention-oriented policy implemented in Icelandic secondary schools from 1997 to 2002 (the "Drug-free Iceland" programme) on country-level smoking rates on the youth. Using a panel data source spanning from 1985 to 2010 and composed both by Iceland and a set of countries where such a type of policy was absent, we apply the Synthetic Control Method to construct the counterfactual of Iceland. Comparing Iceland with this counterfactual, we estimate the effect of the intervention on those aged 15 to 19 -who were the main target of the policy-, during the years of implementation of the programme, and follow their smoking prevalence rates overtime until 2010, when they became adults (25 to 29-years old). Our results show that the intervention reduced youth smoking prevalence on the targeted groups that lasted at least until they became adults. We also find evidence of externalities in the age groups adjacent to those directly targeted by the policy. The results differ by gender, with the impact on females being more marked.
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Beard SJ, Hastings PD, Ferrer E, Robins RW, Guyer AE. Neural Response to Social Exclusion Moderates the Link Between Adolescent Anxiety Symptoms and Substance Use. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY. COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2022; 7:180-191. [PMID: 34147709 PMCID: PMC9121759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use (SU) typically increases from middle to late adolescence. Anxiety is one factor associated with greater SU, although variability in who uses substances remains. Some models suggest that brain-based susceptibility markers could reveal which adolescents are at a higher risk for psychopathology, but it is unknown whether these individual differences attenuate or accentuate the association between anxiety and elevated SU even if normative. This study addressed this gap by testing whether neural response to social exclusion moderates the association between anxiety symptoms and increased SU from middle to late adolescence. METHODS Participants were 181 Mexican-origin adolescents (48% female; 16-17 years old) who completed a social exclusion task during a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan and filled out questionnaires about their SU and anxiety symptoms. Analyses focused on neural response to social exclusion versus inclusion within 3 regions of interest and change in SU across 2 years. RESULTS Dorsal anterior cingulate cortex response to social exclusion, but not subgenual anterior cingulate cortex or anterior insula, moderated the relation between anxiety symptoms and SU, such that higher anxiety symptoms predicted a greater relative increase in SU only for those youth with a lower dorsal anterior cingulate cortex response to exclusion. CONCLUSIONS Blunted dorsal anterior cingulate cortex response to social exclusion may serve as a neural susceptibility marker of altered conflict monitoring or emotion regulation in middle adolescence that, in combination with high levels of anxious feelings, elevates the risk for onset of and/or increased SU by late adolescence. These findings have implications for designing targeted interventions to mitigate SU among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Beard
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis,Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis
| | - Paul D. Hastings
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis,Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis
| | - Emilio Ferrer
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis
| | | | - Amanda E. Guyer
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis,Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis
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Azmitia M. Latinx Adolescents' Assets, Risks, and Developmental Pathways: A Decade in Review and Looking Ahead. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:989-1005. [PMID: 34820953 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
I selectively review the last decade of theory and research on Latinx adolescents and emerging adults' development. After briefly reviewing the changing demographics of US Latinx families, I address: (1) asset-based theories of Latinx youth's development; (2) the literature on the educational pathways of US Latinx youth; (3) how close relationships, ethnic/racial (ERI) identity, and family, school, and community context promote or constrain Latinx youth's educational and positive development and provide examples of successful interventions to promote ERI and academic adjustment. I conclude with suggestions for scholarship in the next decade, including applying intersectional, interdisciplinary, biopsychosocial, and international lenses to studying Latinx youth, researching father involvement, and addressing between- and within-country of origin variations in Latinx youth's education and development.
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Cooper DK, Erolin KS, Wieling E, Durtschi J, Aguilar E, Higuera MOD, Garcia-Huidobro D. Family Violence, PTSD, and Parent-Child Interactions: Dyadic Data Analysis with Mexican Families. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2021; 49:915-940. [PMID: 33746465 DOI: 10.1007/s10566-020-09564-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Family violence has been shown to have a dramatic impact on individual and family life in the United States and other countries. Numerous studies have assessed the influence that exposure to violence can have on family dynamics and parent-child relationships. However, less is known about the association between family violence and parent-child relationships with Mexican families. OBJECTIVE Guided by social interaction learning theory, the purpose of this study was to explore the role of exposure to family violence on PTSD and mother-child interaction patterns. METHODS Eighty-seven mother-child dyads from Mexico completed assessments for exposure to family violence, PTSD, and observational tasks were analyzed to assess prosocial parent-child interactions (i.e., positive communication and problem solving). We conducted an actor-partner independence model (APIM) to examine the association between exposure to family violence, PTSD and mother-child relationship dynamics. RESULTS As expected, higher exposure to family violence was linked to higher PTSD symptoms for mothers. Unexpectedly, higher maternal PTSD symptoms were associated with better communication during dyadic interaction tasks with their children. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests that individuals from certain cultures (i.e., Mexico) may respond differently to experiencing family violence. The use of multiple measurement methods to assess the relational effects of trauma on family dynamics can advance the scientific understanding of trauma affected families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K Cooper
- Methodology Center and Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, the Pennsylvania State University
| | - Kara S Erolin
- Department of Family Therapy, Nova Southeastern University
| | - Elizabeth Wieling
- Marriage and Family Therapy, Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia
| | - Jared Durtschi
- Department of Family Studies and Human Services, Kansas State University
| | | | | | - Diego Garcia-Huidobro
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
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Zapolski TCB, Yu T, Brody GH, Banks DE, Barton AW. Why now? Examining antecedents for substance use initiation among African American adolescents. Dev Psychopathol 2020; 32:719-734. [PMID: 31452473 PMCID: PMC7044022 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579419000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Current adolescent substance use risk models have inadequately predicted use for African Americans, offering limited knowledge about differential predictability as a function of developmental period. Among a sample of 500 African American youth (ages 11-21), four risk indices (i.e., social risk, attitudinal risk, intrapersonal risk, and racial discrimination risk) were examined in the prediction of alcohol, marijuana, and cigarette initiation during early (ages 11-13), mid (ages 16-18), and late (ages 19-21) adolescence. Results showed that when developmental periods were combined, racial discrimination was the only index that predicted initiation for all three substances. However, when risk models were stratified based on developmental period, variation was found within and across substance types. Results highlight the importance of racial discrimination in understanding substance use initiation among African American youth and the need for tailored interventions based on developmental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamika C. B. Zapolski
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 420 University Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, 1095 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Gene H. Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, 1095 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Devin E. Banks
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, 420 University Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Allen W. Barton
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, 1095 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Moser L, Oman RF, Lensch T, Clements-Nolle K. Prospective Associations Among Youth Assets and Alcohol, Tobacco, and Other Drug Use in a Hispanic Youth Population. HISPANIC JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0739986320915171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study’s purpose was to determine whether specific youth assets (conceptualized as influencing health behavior at the individual, family, or community level) were prospectively associated with reduced alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use (ATD) in a sample of Hispanic youth. A longitudinal community-based study was conducted with five waves of data collected annually over 4 years. Participants were Hispanic youth (14.1 years old; 53% female) and their parents ( N = 306 youth/parent pairs). Generalized linear mixed models were used to determine the prospective influence of 17 youth assets on ATD over five waves of data. Results indicated that Hispanic youth with three of seven individual-level assets (e.g., educational aspirations), any of four family-level assets (e.g., family communication), or with one of six community-level assets (e.g., positive peer role models) were significantly less likely to engage in ATD. The results suggest that assets protect Hispanic youth from ATD and that family-level assets may be particularly important.
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Swartz JR, Weissman DG, Ferrer E, Beard SJ, Fassbender C, Robins RW, Hastings PD, Guyer AE. Reward-Related Brain Activity Prospectively Predicts Increases in Alcohol Use in Adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020; 59:391-400. [PMID: 31173884 PMCID: PMC6891148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Altered activity within reward-related neural regions, including the ventral striatum (VS) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), is associated with concurrent problematic substance use. The aims of the present study were (a) to identify patterns of reward-related neural activity that prospectively predicted changes in alcohol use 2 years after magnetic resonance imaging in a sample of adolescents, and (b) to examine whether these patterns differed by sex. We also tested whether depression symptoms or impulsivity mediated associations between neural activity and future alcohol use. METHOD Participants were 262 adolescents (129 male and 133 female) of Mexican origin who completed the Monetary Incentive Delay task during a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan at age 16. Participants reported on their alcohol use at ages 16 and 18. RESULTS Results indicated that different patterns of reward-related neural activity predicted future increases in alcohol use for male and female adolescents. In boys, higher VS activity during reward anticipation and average ventral mPFC activity during reward feedback predicted increases in alcohol use from age 16 to 18 years; in girls, higher dorsal mPFC activity and blunted VS activity during reward anticipation predicted increases in alcohol use from age 16 to 18 years. Depression symptoms or impulsivity did not mediate these associations. CONCLUSION The results suggest that different pathways of risk may lead to problematic alcohol use for adolescent boys and girls. These sex differences in neural risk pathways have important implications for prevention and intervention approaches targeting Mexican-origin youth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David G Weissman
- University of California, Davis; Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis
| | | | - Sarah J Beard
- University of California, Davis; Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis
| | | | | | - Paul D Hastings
- University of California, Davis; Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis
| | - Amanda E Guyer
- University of California, Davis; Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis
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Kristjansson AL, Mann MJ, Sigfusson J, Thorisdottir IE, Allegrante JP, Sigfusdottir ID. Principios Directrices y Desarrollo del Modelo Islandés para la Prevención del Uso de Sustancias en Adolescentes. Health Promot Pract 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1524839919899078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Resumen El uso de sustancias por los adolescentes (i.e. el consumo de alcohol, tabaco, y otras drogas), persiste como un problema global, y se mantiene como un desafío para nuestras sociedades y autoridades de salud pública. Como respuesta a las altas tasas de uso de sustancias en adolescentes en los años ‘90, en Islandia han sido pioneros en el desarrollo del Modelo Islandés Para la Prevención Primaria del Uso de Substancias – un método basado en la teoría y evidencia científica que ha demostrado su efectividad en bajar los niveles de consumo en Islandia en los últimos 20 años. Para documentar este método e informar sobre los procesos basados-en-la-práctica que puedan ayudar en establecer este modelo en otros países, describimos esquemáticamente en esta serie de dos partes la teoría, antecedentes, principios directrices del método, y los pasos centrales en la implementación exitosa del modelo. En este artículo describimos los antecedentes y contexto necesarios, la orientación teórica, el desarrollo del método, y brevemente revisamos los hallazgos y datos publicados. Adicionalmente, presentamos los cinco principios guía en los que se basa el método del Modelo de Prevención Islandés para la prevención del uso de sustancias en adolescentes, y discutimos la evidencia acumulada que apoya la efectividad del modelo. En el siguiente artículo, parte 2, identificamos y describimos procesos clave en el modelo y los diez pasos centrales de la implementación efectiva y basada en la práctica de este modelo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
- School of Public Health, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Damian RI, Atherton OE, Lawson KM, Robins RW. The co-development of chores and effortful control among Mexican-origin youth and prospective work outcomes. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2019.103883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Atherton OE, Lawson KM, Robins RW. The development of effortful control from late childhood to young adulthood. J Pers Soc Psychol 2020; 119:417-456. [PMID: 31999153 DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the developmental precursors of effortful control, a temperament trait that involves the propensity to regulate one's impulses and behaviors, to motivate the self toward a goal when there are conflicting desires, and to focus and shift attention easily. Data came from the California Families Project, a multimethod longitudinal study of 674 Mexican-origin youth (and their parents), who were assessed at ages 10, 12, 14, 16, and 19. Effortful control (measured via self- and parent-reports) was moderately stable over time (r = .47 from age 10 to 19), and its developmental trajectory followed a u-shaped pattern (decreasing from age 10 to 14, before increasing from age 14 to 19). Findings from latent growth curve models showed that youth who experience more hostility from their parents, associate more with deviant peers, attend more violent schools, live in more violent neighborhoods, and experience more ethnic discrimination tend to exhibit an exacerbated dip in effortful control. In contrast, youth with parents who closely monitor their behavior and whereabouts exhibited a shallower dip in effortful control. Analyses of the facets of effortful control revealed important disparities in their trajectories; specifically inhibitory control showed linear increases, attention control showed linear decreases, and activation control showed the same u-shaped trajectory as overall effortful control. Moreover, most of the precursors of effortful control replicated for inhibitory control and attention control, but not for activation control. We discuss the broader implications of the findings for adolescent personality development and self-regulation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Bacio GA, Garcia TA, Anderson KG, Brown SA, Myers MG. Facilitating Change in Drinking Cognitions and Behaviors Among Three Immigrant Generations of Latinx Youth Through a School-Based Intervention: Findings From a Multi-Site Clinical Trial. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:574487. [PMID: 33304281 PMCID: PMC7701089 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.574487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Latinx youth experience disparities in the availability of and participation in evidence-based interventions to reduce hazardous alcohol use. The aim of this secondary data analysis was to examine whether Project Options, a brief, evidence-based alcohol use intervention was beneficial for Latinx participants. A total of 331 first-, second-, and third-generation immigrant Latina and Latino youth who participated in a multi-site, hybrid effectiveness/efficacy clinical trial of the intervention were selected for analyses. Mixed-effects growth models tested changes in drinking cognitions (i.e., perception of peer drinking, intention to drink next month, alcohol use and cessation expectancies) and behaviors (i.e., number of past-month drinking days, average number of drinks per occasion, and maximum number of drinks per occasion) across three time points (i.e., baseline, 4-weeks, and 12-weeks). Consistent with prior Project Options studies, participants with more drinking experience reported greater decreases in perception of peer drinking, intentions to drink next month, and all drinking behaviors than those with less experience. While no changes were observed in expectancies, first-generation participants endorsed lower positive use expectancies than second- and third-generation youth as well as more favorable cessation expectancies than third-generation teens. In concert with prior studies demonstrating the intervention's success in recruitment and retention of Latinx participants, results suggest that Project Options might be a promising school-based intervention for Latinx youth. This intervention has the potential to reach adolescents who might otherwise not participate in traditional programming and help decrease disparities in availability of evidence-based practices for Latinx youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe A Bacio
- Departments of Psychological Science and Intercollegiate Chicana/o-Latina/o Studies, Pomona College, Claremont, CA, United States
| | - Tracey A Garcia
- Department of Psychology, Murray State University, Murray, KY, United States
| | - Kristen G Anderson
- Adolescent Health Research Program, Department of Psychology, Reed College, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Sandra A Brown
- Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Mark G Myers
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System and Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
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Trujillo CA, Obando D, Trujillo A. An examination of the association between early initiation of substance use and interrelated multilevel risk and protective factors among adolescents. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225384. [PMID: 31825955 PMCID: PMC6905657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major goals of drug use prevention programs is to delay the age of onset of substance use. What is called early initiation, usually occurring in adolescents under the age of 15, is a salient predictor of Substance Use Disorders later in adulthood. The causes of early initiation are complex and multifaceted and this has led to the identification of a rich set of risk and protective factors that influence age of onset. Nonetheless, there is little knowledge about the interdependence of these factors in their impact on early initiation. This paper addresses this question by applying Multiple Correspondence Analysis to data on family, community and social risk and protective factors from over 1200 adolescents. We find that community and to a lesser extent social factors are the most clearly associated to early initiation and we compare our results to those obtained from linear regression analyses of the same data that do not incorporate interdependence and find opposite results. We discuss the differences between linear regressions and MCA to evaluate the interplay of risk and protective factors and the implications of our findings for health policy and the design of prevention interventions aimed at delaying age of onset.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Diana Obando
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
| | - Angela Trujillo
- Department of Psychology, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia
- * E-mail:
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Vázquez AL, Domenech Rodríguez MM, Amador Buenabad NG, Bustos Gamiño MN, Gutierrez López MDL, Villatoro Velázquez JA. The influence of perceived parenting on substance initiation among Mexican children. Addict Behav 2019; 97:97-103. [PMID: 31174169 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Parents shape their children's behaviors and impact their developmental trajectories. Despite this, few studies have examined the potential relationship between child reported parenting factors and lifetime substance use and use intentions. The current study examined the potential impact of parenting factors (i.e., positive parenting, supervision, parental illicit substance use, substance-specific communication) on early substance use and intentions among Latinx children. Data for the present study utilized a representative sample of Mexican children (n = 52,171; 5th and 6th grades) who participated in a national survey on substance use. Children reported their demographics, lifetime substance use/intentions, and perceived parenting characteristic and practices. Child reported parental (i.e., individual or both parents) illicit substance use was associated with the largest increases in risk for reporting lifetime use of all substances examined. Higher levels of positive parenting were consistently associated with reductions in risk for reporting intentions for and use of all substances examined. Parent-child substance specific communication was not significantly related to child reported lifetime use or use intentions, with the exception of a minor decrease in the odds of reporting lifetime inhalant use. Supervision was associated with small to modest increase in risk. Substance use prevention efforts targeting Latinx populations may benefit from promoting positive parenting and direct supervision during childhood. Targeted prevention efforts may be needed for Latinx children exposed to parental illicit substance use, as they may be especially at risk for early substance initiation.
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Yang FJ. Is childhood migration a mental health risk? Exploring health behaviors and psychosocial resources as pathways using the cross-sectional Canadian Community Health Survey. SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 2019; 83:102303. [PMID: 31422841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Drawing on the Stress Process Model, this study investigates the effect of early migration on health behaviors and psychosocial resources. Further, I consider whether health behaviors and psychosocial processes lead to higher psychological distress for childhood immigrants in adulthood. Cross-sectional data from the Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health 2012 (N = 4282) reveal that compared to adult immigrants, childhood immigrants are not only four times more likely to use drugs, but also experience greater interpersonal strain. However, health behaviors such as these contribute less to psychological distress than do psychosocial resources. Additionally, longer duration of migration is found to reduce psychological distress when controlling for age at migration, thus suggesting the migrant health literature should examine age-salient life challenges at the time of migration, instead of continuing to use duration of migration as a proxy for negative acculturation.
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Jackson KM, Janssen T. Developmental considerations in survival models as applied to substance use research. Addict Behav 2019; 94:36-41. [PMID: 30538054 PMCID: PMC6527490 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Survival analysis is a class of models that are ideal for evaluating questions of timing of events, which makes them well-suited for modeling the development of a process such as initiation of substance use, development of addiction, or post-treatment recovery. The focus of this review paper is to demonstrate how survival models operate in a broader developmental framework and to offer guidance on selecting the appropriate model on the basis of the research question at hand. We provide a basic overview of survival models and then identify several key issues, explain how they pertain to research in the addiction field, and describe studies that utilize survival models to address questions about timing. We discuss the importance of carefully selecting the metric and origin of the time scale that corresponds to developmental process under investigation and we describe types of censoring/truncation. We describe the value of modeling covariates as time-invariant versus time-varying, and make the distinction between time-varying covariates and time-varying effects of covariates. We also explain how to test for substantive differences due to the timing of the assessment of the predictor. We finish the paper with a presentation of relatively novel extensions of survival models, including models that integrate standard statistical mediational analysis with discrete-time survival analysis, models that simultaneously consider order and timing of multiple events, and models that involve joint modeling of longitudinal and survival data. We also present our own substantive examples of various models in an Appendix containing annotated syntax and output.
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Kristjansson AL, Mann MJ, Sigfusson J, Thorisdottir IE, Allegrante JP, Sigfusdottir ID. Development and Guiding Principles of the Icelandic Model for Preventing Adolescent Substance Use. Health Promot Pract 2019; 21:62-69. [PMID: 31162978 PMCID: PMC6918020 DOI: 10.1177/1524839919849032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent substance use—the consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and other harmful
drugs—remains a persistent global problem and has presented ongoing challenges
for public health authorities and society. In response to the high rates of
adolescent substance use during the 1990s, Iceland has pioneered in the
development of the Icelandic Model for Primary Prevention of Substance Use—a
theory-based approach that has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing substance
use in Iceland over the past 20 years. In an effort to document our approach and
inform potentially replicable practice-based processes for implementation in
other country settings, we outline in a two-part series of articles the
background and theory, guiding principles of the approach, and the core steps
used in the successful implementation of the model. In this article, we describe
the background context, theoretical orientation, and development of the approach
and briefly review published evaluation findings. In addition, we present the
five guiding principles that underlie the Icelandic Prevention Model’s approach
to adolescent substance use prevention and discuss the accumulated evidence that
supports effectiveness of the model. In a subsequent Part 2 article, we will
identify and describe key processes and the 10 core steps of effective
practice-based implementation of the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfgeir L Kristjansson
- West Virginia University School of Public Health, Morgantown, WV, USA.,Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Fairchild AJ, Cai C, McDaniel H, Shi D, Gottschall A, Masyn KE. Evaluating a Method to Estimate Mediation Effects With Discrete-Time Survival Outcomes. Front Psychol 2019; 10:740. [PMID: 31024391 PMCID: PMC6460901 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The utility of evaluating mediation effects spans across research domains. The model facilitates investigation of underlying mechanisms of event timing and, as such, has the potential to help strengthen etiological research and inform intervention work that incorporates the evaluation of mediating variables. In order for the analyses to be maximally useful however, it is critical to employ methodology appropriate for the data under investigation. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a regression-based approach to estimating mediation effects with discrete-time survival outcomes. We empirically evaluate the performance of the discrete-time survival mediation model in a statistical simulation study, and demonstrate that results are functionally equivalent to estimates garnered from a potential-outcomes framework. Simulation results indicate that parameter estimates of mediation in the model were statistically accurate and precise across the range of examined conditions. Type 1 error rates were also tolerable in the conditions studied. Adequate power to detect effects in the model, with binary X and continuous M variables, required effect sizes of the mediation paths to be medium or large. Possible extensions of the model are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chao Cai
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Heather McDaniel
- Curry School of Education, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
| | - Dexin Shi
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Amanda Gottschall
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States
| | - Katherine E. Masyn
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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29
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Thompson WK, Barch DM, Bjork JM, Gonzalez R, Nagel BJ, Nixon SJ, Luciana M. The structure of cognition in 9 and 10 year-old children and associations with problem behaviors: Findings from the ABCD study's baseline neurocognitive battery. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 36:100606. [PMID: 30595399 PMCID: PMC6676481 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study is poised to be the largest single-cohort long-term longitudinal study of neurodevelopment and child health in the United States. Baseline data on N= 4521 children aged 9-10 were released for public access on November 2, 2018. In this paper we performed principal component analyses of the neurocognitive assessments administered to the baseline sample. The neurocognitive battery included seven measures from the NIH Toolbox as well as five other tasks. We implemented a Bayesian Probabilistic Principal Components Analysis (BPPCA) model that incorporated nesting of subjects within families and within data collection sites. We extracted varimax-rotated component scores from a three-component model and associated these scores with parent-rated Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) internalizing, externalizing, and stress reactivity. We found evidence for three broad components that encompass general cognitive ability, executive function, and learning/memory. These were significantly associated with CBCL scores in a differential manner but with small effect sizes. These findings set the stage for longitudinal analysis of neurocognitive and psychopathological data from the ABCD cohort as they age into the period of maximal adolescent risk-taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley K Thompson
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Deanna M Barch
- Departments of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Psychiatry and Radiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States
| | - James M Bjork
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219, United States
| | - Raul Gonzalez
- Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, United States
| | - Bonnie J Nagel
- Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | - Sara Jo Nixon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States
| | - Monica Luciana
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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30
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Atherton OE, Lawson KM, Ferrer E, Robins RW. The role of effortful control in the development of ADHD, ODD, and CD symptoms. J Pers Soc Psychol 2019; 118:1226-1246. [PMID: 30920279 DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Many adolescents have difficulty regulating their impulses and become prone to externalizing problems (e.g., attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], oppositional defiant disorder [ODD], and conduct disorder [CD]) and other adverse consequences. Using multimethod data from a longitudinal study of Mexican-origin youth (N = 674), assessed annually from age 10 to 16, we examined the relations between effortful control and ADHD, ODD, and CD symptoms over time. Bivariate latent growth curve models showed negative correlations between the trajectories of effortful control and ADHD, ODD, and CD, indicating that steeper decreases in effortful control were related to steeper increases in ADHD, ODD, and CD symptoms. Using a novel statistical technique, the factor of curves model (FOCUS), we found that ADHD, ODD, and CD share a common "externalizing" trajectory during adolescence. Although effortful control was strongly associated with this common trajectory, it had few unique associations with the individual disorder trajectories, above and beyond their shared trajectory. When we extended the FOCUS model to include the effortful control trajectory as an indicator, we found that ADHD and ODD had strong loadings, whereas effortful control and CD had comparatively weak loadings on the shared developmental trajectory. Follow-up analyses showed that a two-factor solution, with externalizing symptom trajectories on one factor and the effortful control facet trajectories on a separate factor, was a better fit to the data than a one-factor solution. Finally, parent ASPD symptoms were related to increases in CD, but had no significant influence on effortful control, ADHD, or ODD. We discuss the implications for personality and externalizing problem development. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emilio Ferrer
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis
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31
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O'Gara JL, Calzada EJ, Kim SY. The father's role in risk and resilience among Mexican-American adolescents. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPSYCHIATRY 2019; 90:70-77. [PMID: 30628806 PMCID: PMC7842255 DOI: 10.1037/ort0000394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests fathers are important to adolescent well-being, yet there is limited information regarding how fathering is associated with adolescent risk and resilience in Mexican American families. This cross-sectional study utilized a structural equation model to examine whether parent-child alienation mediated the relations between parental displays of warmth and hostility and the outcomes of adolescent resilience and delinquency in Mexican American families (N = 272). Results indicated that adolescent-perceived alienation from parents was a significant predictor of both resilience and delinquency. Additionally, alienation mediated the relations between father warmth and resilience and father warmth and delinquency, as well as the relations between mother hostility and adolescent outcomes. Implications for theory and practice are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie L O'Gara
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Esther J Calzada
- Steve Hicks School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin
| | - Su Yeong Kim
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin
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32
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Atherton OE, Zheng LR, Bleidorn W, Robins RW. The codevelopment of effortful control and school behavioral problems. J Pers Soc Psychol 2018; 117:659-673. [PMID: 30035568 DOI: 10.1037/pspp0000201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Effortful control refers to the propensity to regulate one's impulses and behaviors, to focus and shift attention easily, and to motivate the self toward a goal when there are competing desires. Although it seems likely that these capacities are relevant to successful functioning in the school context, there has been surprisingly little longitudinal research examining whether youth with poor effortful control are more likely to act out in the classroom, get suspended, and skip school. Conversely, there is even less research on whether youth who exhibit these school behavioral problems are more likely to decline over time in effortful control. We used multimethod data from a longitudinal study of Mexican-origin youth (N = 674), assessed biennially from 5th to 11th grade, to examine the codevelopment of effortful control and school behavioral problems. Bivariate latent growth curve models revealed a negative association between the trajectories of effortful control and school behavioral problems, indicating that steeper decreases in effortful control were related to steeper increases in school behavioral problems. Furthermore, this codevelopmental pattern was bidirectional; cross-lagged regression analyses showed that low effortful control was associated with relative increases in school behavioral problems, and school behavioral problems were associated with relative decreases in effortful control. Gender, nativity status, Mexican cultural values, and school-level antisocial behavior had concurrent associations with effortful control and school behavioral problems, but they did not moderate the codevelopmental pathways. We discuss the theoretical implications for personality development, as well as the practical implications for reducing school behavioral problems during adolescence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Weissman DG, Conger RD, Robins RW, Hastings PD, Guyer AE. Income change alters default mode network connectivity for adolescents in poverty. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2018; 30:93-99. [PMID: 29413534 PMCID: PMC5963705 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiencing poverty during childhood and adolescence may affect brain function. However, income is dynamic, and studies have not addressed whether income change relates to brain function. In the present study, we investigated whether intrinsic functional connectivity of default mode network (DMN) regions was influenced by mean family income and family income change. Parents of 68 Mexican-origin adolescents (35 females) reported family income annually when adolescents were 10-16 years old. Intercept and slope of income at each of these ages were calculated for each participant. At age 16 years, adolescents completed a resting state functional neuroimaging scan. Adolescents from high and low income families did not differ in their functional connectivity, but for adolescents in families with lower incomes, their connectivity patterns depended on their income slope. Low-income adolescents whose income increased demonstrated greater connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), both DMN regions, and between the PCC and the right inferior frontal gyrus. Increases in income were associated with greater connectivity of the mPFC with the right inferior frontal gyrus and the left superior parietal lobule regardless of mean income. Increases in income, especially among adolescents in poverty, may alleviate stressors, influencing the development of brain networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Weissman
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
| | - Rand D Conger
- Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Richard W Robins
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Paul D Hastings
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Amanda E Guyer
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, United States; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, United States
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34
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Adolescent Social Anxiety and Substance Use: The Role of Susceptibility to Peer Pressure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/9468972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to further our understanding of the link between social anxiety and substance use in adolescents, in particular the role susceptibility to peer pressure plays in this link. The relation between social anxiety and susceptibility to peer pressure was studied in two community samples (n=534 and n=117) each consisting of two age groups (12-13 and 15–17 years). The relation of these two variables with substance use was evaluated in the second sample using regression analysis. Social anxiety was related to susceptibility to peer pressure in both groups and not related to substance use in the younger group and negatively related to substance use in the older group. Susceptibility to peer pressure acted as a suppressor in the relation between social anxiety and substance use. Results suggest that socially anxious adolescents basically avoid substance use but, if susceptible, may yield to peer pressure and start using substances. Parents, teachers, and therapists should be aware of this susceptibility to possibly negative peer pressure of socially anxious adolescents.
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