1
|
Abrar M, Zhu Y, Maqsood Ur Rehman M, Batool A, Duan HX, Ashraf U, Aqeel M, Gong XF, Peng YN, Khan W, Wang ZY, Xiong YC. Functionality of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi varies across different growth stages of maize under drought conditions. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108839. [PMID: 38879986 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Physio-biochemical regulations governing crop growth period are pivotal for drought adaptation. Yet, the extent to which functionality of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM fungi) varies across different stages of maize growth under drought conditions remains uncertain. Therefore, periodic functionality of two different AM fungi i.e., Rhizophagus irregularis SUN16 and Glomus monosporum WUM11 were assessed at jointing, silking, and pre-harvest stages of maize subjected to different soil moisture gradients i.e., well-watered (80% SMC (soil moisture contents)), moderate drought (60% SMC), and severe drought (40% SMC). The study found that AM fungi significantly (p < 0.05) affected various morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters at different growth stages of maize under drought. As the plants matured, AM fungi enhanced root colonization, glomalin contents, and microbial biomass, leading to increased nutrient uptake and antioxidant activity. This boosted AM fungal activity ultimately improved photosynthetic efficiency, evident in increased photosynthetic pigments and photosynthesis. Notably, R. irregularis and G. monosporum improved water use efficiency and mycorrhizal dependency at critical growth stages like silking and pre-harvest, indicating their potential for drought resilience to stabilize yield. The principal component analysis highlighted distinct plant responses to drought across growth stages and AM fungi, emphasizing the importance of early-stage sensitivity. These findings underscore the potential of incorporating AM fungi into agricultural management practices to enhance physiological and biochemical responses, ultimately improving drought tolerance and yield in dryland maize cultivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abrar
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| | - Muhammad Maqsood Ur Rehman
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Asfa Batool
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Hai-Xia Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aqeel
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yi-Nan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Wasim Khan
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Zhi-Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - You-Cai Xiong
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lambais ÉO, de Souza TAF, Késsia P, Nascimento GDS, Macedo R, de Bakker AP, Lambais GR, Dias BO, da Silva Fraga V. Seasonality and Activity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Endemic Tree Species. J Basic Microbiol 2024:e2400354. [PMID: 39034503 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study analyzed arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) activity and soil chemical properties in Aspidosperma pyrifolium, Bauhinia ungulata, Caesalpinia pyramidalis, and Caesalpinia ferrea. AMF spores, root colonization, total glomalin-related soil protein (T-GRSP), easily extracted GRSP (EE-GRSP), and soil chemical properties were measured four times (July 2019, 2020 and December 2019, 2020). Significant differences were observed in AMF spores, root colonization, T-GRSP, and EE-GRSP among the plant species and across seasons. For soil chemical properties, we observed differences among plant species. During the dry season, B. ungulata and C. pyramidalis had the highest AMF spores and root colonization (57.3 ± 0.27 spores 50 g soil-1 and 48.8 ± 1.05, respectively), whereas during the rainy season, C. pyramidalis and C. ferrea showed the highest AMF spores and root colonization (36.6 ± 0.13 spores 50 g soil-1 and 62.2 ± 1.17, respectively). A. pyrifolium showed the highest T-GRSP in both seasons. On the basis of the soil chemical properties, we found that (i) A. pyrifolium, B. ungulata, and C. ferrea showed the highest soil organic carbon (1.32 ± 0.03 g kg-1), phosphorus (7.01 ± 0.26 mg kg-1), and soil pH (5.85 ± 0.23) and (ii) C. pyramidalis showed the highest Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, H+ + Al3+, K+, and soil total nitrogen (1.36 ± 0.04, 0.73 ± 0.01, 3.72 ± 0.85, 4.56 ± 0.12 cmolc kg-1, 15.43 ± 1.53 mg kg-1, and 0.16 ± 0.01 g kg-1, respectively). Our results highlight the advantage of AMF spores as perennating structures over other AM fungal propagules in seasonal vegetation like Caatinga.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Érica Olandini Lambais
- Department of Soils, Semiarid National Institute (Instituto Nacional do Semiárido-INSA), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Tancredo Augusto Feitosa de Souza
- Department of Soils and Rural Engineering, Postgraduate Program in Soil Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Bananeiras, Paraíba, Brazil
- Department of Life Sciences, Centre for Functional Ecology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Paloma Késsia
- Department of Soils and Rural Engineering, Postgraduate Program in Soil Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Bananeiras, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Dos Santos Nascimento
- Department of Soils and Rural Engineering, Postgraduate Program in Soil Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Bananeiras, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Macedo
- Department of Soils, Semiarid National Institute (Instituto Nacional do Semiárido-INSA), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Pereira de Bakker
- Department of Soils, Semiarid National Institute (Instituto Nacional do Semiárido-INSA), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - George Rodrigues Lambais
- Department of Soils, Semiarid National Institute (Instituto Nacional do Semiárido-INSA), Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Bruno Oliveira Dias
- Department of Soils and Rural Engineering, Postgraduate Program in Soil Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Bananeiras, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Vânia da Silva Fraga
- Department of Soils and Rural Engineering, Postgraduate Program in Soil Science, Federal University of Paraiba, Bananeiras, Paraíba, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bonetto M, Cofré N, Calvo F, Silvente S. Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of two olive ( Olea europaea) varieties Arbequina and Barnea under water deficit conditions. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:FP24108. [PMID: 39008621 DOI: 10.1071/fp24108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
One strategy to improve olive (Olea europaea ) tree drought tolerance is through the symbiosis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which helps alleviate water deficit through a combination of morphophysiological effects. Cuttings of olive varieties Arbequina (A) and Barnea (B) were grown with (+AMF) or without (-AMF) inoculum in the olive grove rhizosphere soil. One year after establishment, pots were exposed to four different water regimes: (1) control (100% of crop evapotranspiration); (2) short-period drought (20days); (3) long-period drought (25days); and (4) rewatering (R). To evaluate the influence of AMF on tolerance to water stress, stem water potential, stomatal conductance and the biomarkers for water deficit malondialdehyde, proline, soluble sugars, phenols, and flavonoids were evaluated at the end of the irrigation regimes. Stem water potential showed higher values in A(+) and B(+) in all water conditions, and the opposite was true for stomatal conductance. For proline and soluble sugars, the stem water potential trend is repeated with some exceptions. AMF inoculum spore communities from A(+ and -) and B(+ and -) were characterised at the morphospecies level in terms of richness and abundance. Certain morphospecies were identified as potential drought indicators. These results highlight that the benefits of symbiotic relationships between olive and native AMF can help to mitigate the effects of abiotic stress in soils affected by drought.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Bonetto
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible en el Oasis (IASO), Universidad Nacional de Chilecito (UNdeC), La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Noelia Cofré
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Franco Calvo
- Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible en el Oasis (IASO), Universidad Nacional de Chilecito (UNdeC), La Rioja, Argentina
| | - Sonia Silvente
- Instituto de Ambiente de Montaña y Regiones Áridas (IAMRA), Universidad Nacional de Chilecito (UNdeC), La Rioja, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tang B, Man J, Romero F, Bergmann J, Lehmann A, Rillig MC. Mycorrhization enhances plant growth and stabilizes biomass allocation under drought. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17438. [PMID: 39054882 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Plants and their symbionts, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, are increasingly subjected to various environmental stressors due to climate change, including drought. As a response to drought, plants generally allocate more biomass to roots over shoots, thereby facilitating water uptake. However, whether this biomass allocation shift is modulated by AM fungi remains unknown. Based on 5691 paired observations from 154 plant species, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate how AM fungi modulate the responses of plant growth and biomass allocation (e.g., root-to-shoot ratio, R/S) to drought. We found that AM fungi attenuate the negative impact of drought on plant growth, including biomass production, photosynthetic performance and resource (e.g. nutrient and water) uptake. Accordingly, drought significantly increased R/S in non-inoculated plants, but not in plants symbiotic with established AM fungal symbioses. These results suggest that AM fungi promote plant growth and stabilize their R/S through facilitating nutrient and water uptake in plants under drought. Our findings highlight the crucial role of AM fungi in enhancing plant resilience to drought by optimizing resource allocation. This knowledge opens avenues for sustainable agricultural practices that leverage symbiotic relationships for climate adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tang
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jing Man
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Ferran Romero
- Plant-Soil Interactions Group, Agroscope, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joana Bergmann
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Anika Lehmann
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Carvalho Neta SJ, Araújo VLVP, Fracetto FJC, da Silva CCG, de Souza ER, Silva WR, Lumini E, Fracetto GGM. Growth-promoting bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus enhance maize tolerance to saline stress. Microbiol Res 2024; 284:127708. [PMID: 38599021 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Climate change intensifies soil salinization and jeopardizes the development of crops worldwide. The accumulation of salts in plant tissue activates the defense system and triggers ethylene production thus restricting cell division. We hypothesize that the inoculation of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) producing ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) deaminase favors the development of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), promoting the growth of maize plants under saline stress. We investigated the efficacy of individual inoculation of PGPB, which produce ACC deaminase, as well as the co-inoculation of PGPB with Rhizophagus clarus on maize plant growth subjected to saline stress. The isolates were acquired from the bulk and rhizospheric soil of Mimosa bimucronata (DC.) Kuntze in a temporary pond located in Pernambuco State, Brazil. In the first greenhouse experiment, 10 halophilic PGPB were inoculated into maize at 0, 40 and 80 mM of NaCl, and in the second experiment, the PGPB that showed the best performance were co-inoculated with R. clarus in maize under the same conditions as in the first experiment. Individual PGPB inoculation benefited the number of leaves, stem diameter, root and shoot dry mass, and the photosynthetic pigments. Inoculation with PGPB 28-10 Pseudarthrobacter enclensis, 24-1 P. enclensis and 52 P. chlorophenolicus increased the chlorophyll a content by 138%, 171%, and 324% at 0, 40 and 80 mM NaCl, respectively, comparing to the non-inoculated control. We also highlight that the inoculation of PGPB 28-10, 28-7 Arthrobacter sp. and 52 increased the content of chlorophyll b by 72%, 98%, and 280% and carotenoids by 82%, 98%, and 290% at 0, 40 and 80 mM of NaCl, respectively. Co-inoculation with PGPB 28-7, 46-1 Leclercia tamurae, 70 Artrobacter sp., and 79-1 Micrococcus endophyticus significantly increased the rate of mycorrhizal colonization by roughly 50%. Furthermore, co-inoculation promoted a decrease in the accumulation of Na and K extracted from plant tissue, with an increase in salt concentration, from 40 mM to 80 mM, also favoring the establishment and development of R. clarus. In addition, co-inoculation of these PGPB with R. clarus promoted maize growth and increased plant biomass through osmoregulation and protection of the photosynthetic apparatus. The tripartite symbiosis (plant-fungus-bacterium) is likely to reprogram metabolic pathways that improve maize growth and crop yield, suggesting that the AMF-PGPB consortium can minimize damages caused by saline stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Lucas Vieira Prudêncio Araújo
- "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of Sao Paulo, Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - William Ramos Silva
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Department of Agronomy, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Erica Lumini
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection - Turin UOS, National Research Council, Torino, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Caccia M, Marro N, Novák V, Ráez JAL, Castillo P, Janoušková M. Divergent colonization traits, convergent benefits: different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate Meloidogyne incognita damage in tomato. MYCORRHIZA 2024; 34:145-158. [PMID: 38441668 PMCID: PMC10998783 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-024-01139-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can increase plant tolerance and/or resistance to pests such as the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. However, the ameliorative effects may depend on AMF species. The aim of this work was therefore to evaluate whether four AMF species differentially affect plant performance in response to M. incognita infection. Tomato plants grown in greenhouse conditions were inoculated with four different AMF isolates (Claroideoglomus claroideum, Funneliformis mosseae, Gigaspora margarita, and Rhizophagus intraradices) and infected with 100 second stage juveniles of M. incognita at two different times: simultaneously or 2 weeks after the inoculation with AMF. After 60 days, the number of galls, egg masses, and reproduction factor of the nematodes were assessed along with plant biomass, phosphorus (P), and nitrogen concentrations in roots and shoots and root colonization by AMF. Only the simultaneous nematode inoculation without AMF caused a large reduction in plant shoot biomass, while all AMF species were able to ameliorate this effect and improve plant P uptake. The AMF isolates responded differently to the interaction with nematodes, either increasing the frequency of vesicles (C. claroideum) or reducing the number of arbuscules (F. mosseae and Gi. margarita). AMF inoculation did not decrease galls; however, it reduced the number of egg masses per gall in nematode simultaneous inoculation, except for C. claroideum. This work shows the importance of biotic stress alleviation associated with an improvement in P uptake and mediated by four different AMF species, irrespective of their fungal root colonization levels and specific interactions with the parasite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Caccia
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, Průhonice, 252 43, Czech Republic.
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina.
| | - Nicolás Marro
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, Průhonice, 252 43, Czech Republic
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC, 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Václav Novák
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, Průhonice, 252 43, Czech Republic
| | - Juan Antonio López Ráez
- Department of Soil and Plant Microbiology, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (EEZ-CSIC), C/ Profesor Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Castillo
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture (IAS), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Martina Janoušková
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Zámek 1, Průhonice, 252 43, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hyjazie BF, Sargent RD. Manipulation of soil mycorrhizal fungi influences floral traits. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:675-686. [PMID: 38403925 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Most plants form root hyphal relationships with mycorrhizal fungi, especially arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). These associations are known to positively impact plant biomass and competitive ability. However, less is known about how mycorrhizas impact other ecological interactions, such as those mediated by pollinators. We performed a meta-regression of studies that manipulated AMF and measured traits related to pollination, including floral display size, rewards, visitation, and reproduction, extracting 63 studies with 423 effects. On average, the presence of mycorrhizas was associated with positive effects on floral traits. Specifically, we found impacts of AMF on floral display size, pollinator visitation and reproduction, and a positive but nonsignificant impact on rewards. Studies manipulating mycorrhizas with fungicide tended to report contrasting results, possibly because fungicide destroys both beneficial and pathogenic microbes. Our study highlights the potential for relationships with mycorrhizal fungi to play an important, yet underrecognized role in plant-pollinator interactions. With heightened awareness of the need for a more sustainable agricultural industry, mycorrhizal fungi may offer the opportunity to reduce reliance on inorganic fertilizers. At the same time, fungicides are now ubiquitous in agricultural systems. Our study demonstrates indirect ways in which plant-belowground fungal partnerships could manifest in plant-pollinator interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batoule F Hyjazie
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Risa D Sargent
- Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zobel M, Koorem K, Moora M, Semchenko M, Davison J. Symbiont plasticity as a driver of plant success. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2340-2352. [PMID: 38308116 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
We discuss which plant species are likely to become winners, that is achieve the highest global abundance, in changing landscapes, and whether plant-associated microbes play a determining role. Reduction and fragmentation of natural habitats in historic landscapes have led to the emergence of patchy, hybrid landscapes, and novel landscapes where anthropogenic ecosystems prevail. In patchy landscapes, species with broad niches are favoured. Plasticity in the degree of association with symbiotic microbes may contribute to broader plant niches and optimization of symbiosis costs and benefits, by downregulating symbiosis when it is unnecessary and upregulating it when it is beneficial. Plasticity can also be expressed as the switch from one type of mutualism to another, for example from nutritive to defensive mutualism with increasing soil fertility and the associated increase in parasite load. Upon dispersal, wide mutualistic partner receptivity is another facet of symbiont plasticity that becomes beneficial, because plants are not limited by the availability of specialist partners when arriving at new locations. Thus, under conditions of global change, symbiont plasticity allows plants to optimize the activity of mutualistic relationships, potentially allowing them to become winners by maximizing geographic occupancy and local abundance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zobel
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - Kadri Koorem
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - Mari Moora
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - Marina Semchenko
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| | - John Davison
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, J. Liivi 2, Tartu, 50409, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhou J, Su Y, Li X, Kuzyakov Y, Wang P, Gong J, Li X, Liu L, Zhang X, Ma C, Ma X, Huang T, Bai Y, Sun F. Arbuscular mycorrhizae mitigate negative impacts of soil biodiversity loss on grassland productivity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119509. [PMID: 37940487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Grassland degradation decreases ecosystem productivity and diminishes soil biodiversity, leading to the loss of beneficial microorganisms. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a critical role in ecosystem functioning, being a key link between plant and microbial communities, soil, and vegetation. Here, we evaluated the potential of increasing the productivity of degraded grassland by AMF inoculation. A gradient of soil biodiversity: complete sterilization, low, moderate, and high biodiversity was established using the dilution-to-extinction approach. Grassland microcosms under greenhouse conditions were inoculated with three AMF taxa in an increasing diversity: no AMF, single AMF taxa, and all three AMF taxa together. The loss of soil biodiversity decreased plant community productivity, primarily due to reduced biomass of legumes and non-N2-fixing forbs. AMF inoculation raised plant community productivity by 190%, mainly attributed to the greater biomass of legumes and non-N2-fixing forbs. This positive effect of AMF inoculation was particularly pronounced on soils with low biodiversity, where soil mutualists were absent. The biomass of grasses remained independent of AMF inoculation. This differential responsiveness to mycorrhiza was mainly due to the distinctive plant traits of each plant functional group. Inoculating with a single AMF was more beneficial for plant biomass production than inoculation with multiple AMF under lower levels of soil biodiversity, probably due to high functional redundancy among AMF taxa. In conclusion, AMF inoculation reduced the adverse impact of soil degradation and biodiversity loss on plant biomass and vegetation development, highlighting the key roles and importance of AMF for grassland restoration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiong Zhou
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yingying Su
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, 37077, Göttingen, Germany; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pengsen Wang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinchao Gong
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuxu Li
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinquan Zhang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Congyu Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Huang
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanfu Bai
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Feida Sun
- Department of Grassland Science, College of Grassland Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No.211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khan SR, Ahmad Z, Khan Z, Khan U, Asad M, Shah T. Synergistic effect of silicon and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduces cadmium accumulation by regulating hormonal transduction and lignin accumulation in maize. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 346:140507. [PMID: 38303379 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) stress causes serious damage to plants, inducing various physiological and biochemical disruptions that lead to reduced plant biomass and compromised growth. The study investigated the combined effects of silicon (Si) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on mitigating Cd stress in plants, revealing promising results in enhancing plant tolerance to Cd toxicity. Under Cd stress, plant biomass was significantly reduced (-33% and -30% shoot and root dry weights) as compared to control. However, Si and AMF application ameliorated this effect, leading to increased shoot and root dry weights (+47% and +39%). Furthermore, Si and AMF demonstrated their potential in reducing the relative Cd content (-43% and -36% in shoot and root) in plants and positively influencing plant colonization (+648%), providing eco-friendly and sustainable strategies to combat Cd toxicity in contaminated soils. Additionally, the combined treatment in the Cd-stressed conditions resulted in notable increases in saccharide compounds and hormone levels in both leaf and root tissues, further enhancing the plant's resilience to Cd-induced stress. Si and AMF also played a vital role in positively regulating key lignin biosynthesis genes and altering lignin-related metabolites, shedding light on their potential to fortify plants against Cd stress. These findings underscore the significance of Si and AMF as promising tools in addressing Cd toxicity and enhancing plant performance in Cd-contaminated environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shah Rukh Khan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Applied College, Mahala Campus, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia; Center of Bee Research and Its Products, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zeeshan Khan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Umair Khan
- School of Interdisciplinary Engineering & Science (SINES), National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Shah
- Plant Science Research Unit United States Department for Agriculture -Agricultural Research Service, Raleigh, NC, USA; Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tang B, Man J, Lehmann A, Rillig MC. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi benefit plants in response to major global change factors. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:2087-2097. [PMID: 37794719 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Land plants play a key role in global carbon cycling, but the potential role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the responses of a wide range of plant species to global change factors (GCFs) remains limited. Based on 1100 paired observations from 181 plant species, we conducted a meta-analysis to test the role of AMF in plant responses to four GCFs: drought, warming, nitrogen (N) addition and elevated CO2 . We show that AMF significantly ameliorate the negative effects of drought on plant performance. The GCFs N addition and elevated CO2 significantly enhance the performance of AM plants but not of non-inoculated plants. AM plants show better performance than their non-inoculated counterparts under warming, although neither of them showed a significant response to this GCF. These results suggest that AMF benefit plants in response to GCFs. Our study highlights the importance of AMF in enhancing plant performance under ongoing global change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tang
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jing Man
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Anika Lehmann
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang H, Du X, Zhang Z, Feng F, Zhang J. Rhizosphere interface microbiome reassembly by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi weakens cadmium migration dynamics. IMETA 2023; 2:e133. [PMID: 38868220 PMCID: PMC10989832 DOI: 10.1002/imt2.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of cadmium (Cd)-polluted agricultural soils is increasing globally, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can reduce the absorption of heavy metals by plants and improve mineral nutrition. However, the immobilization of the rhizosphere on cadmium is often overlooked. In this study, Glomus mosseae and Medicago sativa were established as symbiotes, and Cd migration and environmental properties in the rhizosphere were analyzed. AMF reduced Cd migration, and Cd2+ changed to an organic-bound state. AMF symbiosis treatment and Cd exposure resulted in microbial community variation, exhibiting a distinct deterministic process (|βNTI| > 2), which ultimately resulted in a core microbiome function of heavy metal resistance and nutrient cycling. AMF increased available N and P, extracellular enzyme activity (LaC, LiP, and CAT), organic matter content (TOC, EOC, and GRSP), and Eh of the rhizosphere soil, significantly correlating with decreased Cd migration (p < 0.05). Furthermore, AMF significantly affected root metabolism by upregulating 739 metabolites, with flavonoids being the main factor causing microbiome variation. The structural equation model and variance partial analysis revealed that the superposition of the root metabolites, microbial, and soil exhibited the maximum explanation rate for Cd migration reduction (42.4%), and the microbial model had the highest single explanation rate (15.5%). Thus, the AMF in the rhizosphere microenvironment can regulate metabolite-soil-microbial interactions, reducing Cd migration. In summary, the study provides a new scientific explanation for how AMF improves plant Cd tolerance and offers a sustainable solution that could benefit both the environment and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Rui Wang
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Xin‐Ran Du
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Zhuo‐Yun Zhang
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Fu‐Juan Feng
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| | - Jia‐Ming Zhang
- College of Life ScienceNortheast Forestry UniversityHarbinChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Fang K, Yang AL, Li YX, Zeng ZY, Wang RF, Li T, Zhao ZW, Zhang HB. Native plants change the endophyte assembly and growth of an invasive plant in response to climatic factors. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0109323. [PMID: 37815356 PMCID: PMC10617555 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01093-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change, microbial endophytes, and local plants can affect the establishment and expansion of invasive species, yet no study has been performed to assess these interactions. Using a growth chamber, we integrated the belowground (rhizosphere soils) and aboveground (mixture of mature leaf and leaf litter) microbiota into an experimental framework to evaluate the impacts of four native plants acting as microbial inoculation sources on endophyte assembly and growth of the invasive plant Ageratina adenophora in response to drought stress and temperature change. We found that fungal and bacterial enrichment in the leaves and roots of A. adenophora exhibited distinct patterns in response to climatic factors. Many fungi were enriched in roots in response to high temperature and drought stress; in contrast, many bacteria were enriched in leaves in response to low temperature and drought stress. Inoculation of microbiota from phylogenetically close native plant species (i.e., Asteraceae Artemisia atrovirens) causes the recipient plant A. adenophora (Asteraceae) to enrich dominant microbial species from inoculation sources, which commonly results in a lower dissimilar endophytic microbiota and thus produces more negative growth effects when compared to non-Asteraceae inoculations. Drought, microbial inoculation source, and temperature directly impacted the growth of A. adenophora. Both drought and inoculation also indirectly impacted the growth of A. adenophora by changing the root endophytic fungal assembly. Our data indicate that native plant identity can greatly impact the endophyte assembly and host growth of invasive plants, which is regulated by drought and temperature.IMPORTANCEThere has been increasing interest in the interactions between global changes and plant invasions; however, it remains to quantify the role of microbial endophytes in plant invasion with a consideration of their variation in the root vs leaf of hosts, as well as the linkages between microbial inoculations, such as native plant species, and climatic factors, such as temperature and drought. Our study found that local plants acting as microbial inoculants can impact fungal and bacterial enrichment in the leaves and roots of the invasive plant Ageratina adenophora and thus produce distinct growth effects in response to climatic factors; endophyte-mediated invasion of A. adenophora is expected to operate more effectively under favorable moisture. Our study is important for understanding the interactions between climate change, microbial endophytes, and local plant identity in the establishment and expansion of invasive species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ai-Ling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao-Ying Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Rui-Fang Wang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Puer University, Puer, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Han-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bioresources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huangfu C, Wang B, Hu W. Mycorrhizal colonization had little effect on growth of Carex thunbergii but inhibited its nitrogen uptake under deficit water supply. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2023; 132:217-227. [PMID: 37464876 PMCID: PMC10583201 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plant nitrogen (N) acquisition via arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) serves as a dominant pathway in the N nutrition of many plants, but the functional impact of AMF in acquisition of N by wetland plants has not been well quantified. Subtropical lake-wetland ecosystems are characterized by seasonal changes in the water table and low N availability in soil. Yet, it is unclear whether and how AMF alters the N acquisition pattern of plants for various forms of N and how this process is influenced by soil water conditions. METHODS We performed a pot study with Carex thunbergii that were either colonized by AMF or not colonized and also subjected to different water conditions. We used 15N labelling to track plant N uptake. KEY RESULTS Colonization by AMF had little effect on the biomass components of C. thunbergii but did significantly affect the plant functional traits and N acquisition in ways that were dependent on the soil water conditions. The N uptake rate of AMF-colonized plants was significantly lower than that of the non-colonized plants in conditions of low soil water. A decreased NO3- uptake rate in AMF-colonized plants reduced the N:P ratio of the plants. Although C. thunbergii predominantly took up N in the form of NO3-, higher water availability increased the proportion of N taken up as NH4+, irrespective of the inoculation status. CONCLUSIONS These results emphasize the importance of AMF colonization in controlling the N uptake strategies of plants and can improve predictions of N budget under the changing water table conditions in this subtropical wetland ecosystem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaohe Huangfu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Wuqiong Hu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Becklin KM, Viele BM, Coleman HD. Nutrient conditions mediate mycorrhizal effects on biomass production and cell wall chemistry in poplar. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:1571-1583. [PMID: 37166359 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale biofuel production from lignocellulosic feedstock is limited by the financial and environmental costs associated with growing and processing lignocellulosic material and the resilience of these plants to environmental stress. Symbiotic associations with arbuscular (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi represent a potential strategy for expanding feedstock production while reducing nutrient inputs. Comparing AM and EM effects on wood production and chemical composition is a necessary step in developing biofuel feedstocks. Here, we assessed the productivity, biomass allocation and secondary cell wall (SCW) composition of greenhouse-grown Populus tremuloidesMichx. inoculated with either AM or EM fungi. Given the long-term goal of reducing nutrient inputs for biofuel production, we further tested the effects of nutrient availability and nitrogen:phosphorus stoichiometry on mycorrhizal responses. Associations with both AM and EM fungi increased plant biomass by 14-74% depending on the nutrient conditions but had minimal effects on SCW composition. Mycorrhizal plants, especially those inoculated with EM fungi, also allocated a greater portion of their biomass to roots, which could be beneficial in the field where plants are likely to experience both water and nutrient stress. Leaf nutrient content was weakly but positively correlated with wood production in mycorrhizal plants. Surprisingly, phosphorus played a larger role in EM plants compared with AM plants. Relative nitrogen and phosphorus availability were correlated with shifts in SCW composition. For AM associations, the benefit of increased wood biomass may be partially offset by increased lignin content, a trait that affects downstream processing of lignocellulosic tissue for biofuels. By comparing AM and EM effects on the productivity and chemical composition of lignocellulosic tissue, this work links broad functional diversity in mycorrhizal associations to key biofuel traits and highlights the importance of considering both biotic and abiotic factors when developing strategies for sustainable biofuel production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie M Becklin
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Bethanie M Viele
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Heather D Coleman
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Johnson NC, Marín C. Microbial villages in the geography of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:461-463. [PMID: 36853427 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Collins Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, 617 S Beaver St., Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
- School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, 624 S Knoles Dr., Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA
| | - César Marín
- Centro de Investigación e Innovación para el Cambio Climatico (CiiCC), Universidad Santo Tomás, Ave Ramón Picarte 1130, Valdivia, 5090000, Chile
- Department of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1085, Amsterdam, 1081 HV, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Grilli G, Cofré N, Marro N, Videla M, Urcelay C. Shifts from conventional horticulture to agroecology impacts soil fungal diversity in Central Argentina. Mycol Prog 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-023-01872-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
|
18
|
Duarte AG, Maherali H. Plant response to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi at CO2 and temperature levels of the past and present. Symbiosis 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-023-00906-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
19
|
Liu Y, Lu J, Cui L, Tang Z, Ci D, Zou X, Zhang X, Yu X, Wang Y, Si T. The multifaceted roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in peanut responses to salt, drought, and cold stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:36. [PMID: 36642709 PMCID: PMC9841720 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04053-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are beneficial microorganisms in soil-plant interactions; however, the underlying mechanisms regarding their roles in legumes environmental stress remain elusive. Present trials were undertaken to study the effect of AMF on the ameliorating of salt, drought, and cold stress in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) plants. A new product of AMF combined with Rhizophagus irregularis SA, Rhizophagus clarus BEG142, Glomus lamellosum ON393, and Funneliformis mosseae BEG95 (1: 1: 1: 1, w/w/w/w) was inoculated with peanut and the physiological and metabolomic responses of the AMF-inoculated and non-inoculated peanut plants to salt, drought, and cold stress were comprehensively characterized, respectively. RESULTS AMF-inoculated plants exhibited higher plant growth, leaf relative water content (RWC), net photosynthetic rate, maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) (Fv/Fm), activities of antioxidant enzymes, and K+: Na+ ratio while lower leaf relative electrolyte conductivity (REC), concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under stressful conditions. Moreover, the structures of chloroplast thylakoids and mitochondria in AMF-inoculated plants were less damaged by these stresses. Non-targeted metabolomics indicated that AMF altered numerous pathways associated with organic acids and amino acid metabolisms in peanut roots under both normal-growth and stressful conditions, which were further improved by the osmolytes accumulation data. CONCLUSION This study provides a promising AMF product and demonstrates that this AMF combination could enhance peanut salt, drought, and cold stress tolerance through improving plant growth, protecting photosystem, enhancing antioxidant system, and regulating osmotic adjustment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuexu Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology,College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jinhao Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology,College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Li Cui
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Zhaohui Tang
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SAAS), Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Dunwei Ci
- Shandong Peanut Research Institute, Qingdao, 266199, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology,College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology,College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xiaona Yu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology,College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yuefu Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology,College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Tong Si
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Farming Technology,College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tan Q, Guo Q, Wei R, Zhu G, Du C, Hu H. Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on bioaccumulation and bioavailability of As and Cd: A meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 316:120619. [PMID: 36403873 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasing industrial activity has led to a growing risk of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) accumulations and biomagnifications in plants and humans. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have been extensively studied as a soil amendment owing to their capability to reduce the accumulation of As and Cd in plant tissues. However, a quantitative and data-based consensus has yet to be reached on the effect of AMF on As and Cd bioaccumulation and bioavailability. Here, a meta-analysis was conducted to quantitatively evaluate the impact of AMF using 1430 individual observations from 194 articles. The results showed that AMF inoculation caused a decrease in shoot and root As and Cd accumulation compared to control, and the reduction rates were affected by experimental duration, P fertilizer, AMF species, plant family, plant lifecycle, and soil properties. Intermediate experimental duration (lasting 56-112 days) and no P fertilizer favored AMF to reduce the shoot As and root Cd accumulation. Compared to other plant families, the reduction in As and Cd accumulation in legumes was the greatest, following AMF inoculation. The soils with alkaline, high organic carbon (OC), and low available phosphorus (AP) appeared to be more favorable for AMF to reduce As accumulation in plant tissues, while soils with low AP were more conducive to reducing the Cd accumulation in plant tissues. In addition, AMF inoculation increased pH (1.92%), OC (6.27%), easily-extractable glomalin-related soil protein (EE-GRSP) (29.36%), and total glomalin-related soil protein (T-GRSP) (29.99%), and reduced bioavailable As (0.52%) and Cd (2.35%) in soils compared to control. Overall, the meta-analysis provides valuable guidelines for the optimal use of AMF in different plant-soil systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Tan
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Qingjun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Rongfei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Guangxu Zhu
- College of Biology and Environment Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang 550005, China.
| | - Chenjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Huiying Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Qiao X, Sun T, Lei J, Xiao L, Xue L, Zhang H, Jia J, Bei S. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi contribute to wheat yield in an agroforestry system with different tree ages. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1024128. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1024128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intercropping achieved through agroforestry is increasingly being recognized as a sustainable form of land use. In agroforestry, the roots of trees and crops are intermingled, and their interactions and the production of exudates alter the soil environment and soil microbial community. Although tree–crop interactions vary depending on the stand age of the trees, how stand age affects beneficial microorganisms, including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and whether changes in soil microorganisms feed back on crop growth in agroforestry systems are unknown. We therefore conducted a long-term field study to compare changes in the soil microbial and AMF communities in a jujube/wheat agroforestry system containing trees of different stand ages: 3-year-old jujube, 8-year-old jujube, and 13-year-old jujube. Our results showed that by changing soil moisture and available phosphorus content, the stand age of the trees had a significant effect on the soil microbial and AMF communities. Soil moisture altered the composition of soil bacteria, in particular the proportions of Gram-positive and Gram-negative species, and available phosphorus had significant effects on the AMF community. A network analysis showed that older stands of trees reduced both AMF diversity and network complexity. An ordinary least squares regression analysis indicated that AMF diversity, network complexity, and stability contributed to wheat yield. Finally, structural equation modeling showed that changes in edaphic factors induced by tree age brought about significant variation in the soil microbial and AMF communities, in turn, affecting crop growth. Our study highlights the crucial roles of soil microorganisms, in particular AMF, in supporting plant growth in agroforestry systems as well as the need to consider stand age in the establishment of these systems.
Collapse
|
22
|
Qin M, Li L, Miranda J, Tang Y, Song B, Oosthuizen MK, Wei W. Experimental duration determines the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on plant biomass in pot experiments: A meta-analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1024874. [PMID: 36407631 PMCID: PMC9671359 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1024874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play various important roles in promoting plant growth. Numerous environmental and evolutionary factors influence the response of plants to AMF. However, the importance of the individual factors on the effects of AMF on plant biomass is not clearly understood. In this study, a meta-analysis using 1,640 observations from 639 published articles related to the influence of AMF on the plant shoot, root, and total biomass was performed; 13 different experimental setting factors that had an impact on the influence of AMF and their importance were quantitatively synthesized. The meta-analysis showed that AMF had positive effects on the plant shoot, root, and total biomass; moreover, the experimental duration, plant root-to-shoot ratio (R/S), AMF root length colonization, plant family, pot size, soil texture, and the soil pH all influenced the effects of AMF on the shoot, root, and total biomass. In addition, the plant root system and plant functional type had impacts on the effect of AMF on shoot biomass; AMF guild also impacted the effect of AMF on root biomass. Of these factors, the experimental duration, plant R/S, and pot size were the three most important predicting the effects of AMF on the plant shoot, root, and total biomass. This study comprehensively assessed the importance of the different factors that influenced the response of plants to AMF, highlighting that the experimental duration, plant R/S, and pot size should be taken into consideration in pot experiments in studies of the functions of AMF. Multiple unfavorable factors that may obscure or confound the observed functions of AMF should be excluded.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingsen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | | | - Yun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Bo Song
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | | | - Wangrong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Branco S, Schauster A, Liao HL, Ruytinx J. Mechanisms of stress tolerance and their effects on the ecology and evolution of mycorrhizal fungi. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 235:2158-2175. [PMID: 35713988 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Stress is ubiquitous and disrupts homeostasis, leading to damage, decreased fitness, and even death. Like other organisms, mycorrhizal fungi evolved mechanisms for stress tolerance that allow them to persist or even thrive under environmental stress. Such mechanisms can also protect their obligate plant partners, contributing to their health and survival under hostile conditions. Here we review the effects of stress and mechanisms of stress response in mycorrhizal fungi. We cover molecular and cellular aspects of stress and how stress impacts individual fitness, physiology, growth, reproduction, and interactions with plant partners, along with how some fungi evolved to tolerate hostile environmental conditions. We also address how stress and stress tolerance can lead to adaptation and have cascading effects on population- and community-level diversity. We argue that mycorrhizal fungal stress tolerance can strongly shape not only fungal and plant physiology, but also their ecology and evolution. We conclude by pointing out knowledge gaps and important future research directions required for both fully understanding stress tolerance in the mycorrhizal context and addressing ongoing environmental change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Branco
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Annie Schauster
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, 80204, USA
| | - Hui-Ling Liao
- North Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Quincy, FL, 32351, USA
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Joske Ruytinx
- Research Groups Microbiology and Plant Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Cofré N, Marro N, Grilli G, Soteras F. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Agroecosystems of East-Central Argentina: Two Agricultural Practices Effects on Taxonomic Groups. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12994-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
25
|
Marín C, Godoy R, Rubio J. Gaps in South American Mycorrhizal Biodiversity and Ecosystem Function Research. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12994-0_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
26
|
Guo X, Wang P, Wang X, Li Y, Ji B. Specific Plant Mycorrhizal Responses Are Linked to Mycorrhizal Fungal Species Interactions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:930069. [PMID: 35755699 PMCID: PMC9226604 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.930069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plants span the continuum from mutualism to parasitism due to the plant-AMF specificity, which obscures the utilization of AMF in the restoration of degraded lands. Caragana korshinskii, Hedysarum laeve, Caragana microphylla, and Poa annua are the most frequently used plants for revegetation in Kubuqi Desert, China, and the influence of AMF on their re-establishment remains to be explored further. Herein, using a greenhouse experiment, we tested the plant-AMF feedbacks between the four plant species and their conspecific or heterospecific AMF, retrieved from their rhizosphere in the Kubuqi Desert. AMF showed beneficial effects on plant growth for all these plant-AMF pairs. Generally, AMF increased the biomass of C. korshinskii, H. laeve, C. microphylla, and P. annua by 97.6, 50.6, 46.5, and 381.1%, respectively, relative to control. In addition, the AMF-plant specificity was detected. P. annua grew best, but C. microphylla grew worst with conspecific AMF communities. AMF community from P. annua showed the largest beneficial effect on all the plants (with biomass increased by 63.9-734.4%), while the AMF community from C. microphylla showed the least beneficial effect on all the plants (with biomass increased by 9.9-59.1%), except for P. annua (a 292.4% increase in biomass). The magnitude of AMF effects on plant growth was negatively correlated with the complexity of the corresponding AMF co-occurrence networks. Overall, this study suggests that AMF effects on plant growth vary due to plant-AMF specificity. We also observed the broad-spectrum benefits of the native AMF from P. annua, which indicates its potential utilization in the restoration of the desert vegetation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Command Center for Integrated Natural Resource Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjie Wang
- College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xinjie Wang,
| | - Yaoming Li
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- Yaoming Li,
| | - Baoming Ji
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|