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Zannad F, Sanyal AJ, Butler J, Ferreira JP, Girerd N, Miller V, Pandey A, Parikh CR, Ratziu V, Younossi ZM, Harrison SA. MASLD and MASH at the crossroads of hepatology trials and cardiorenal metabolic trials. J Intern Med 2024; 296:24-38. [PMID: 38738988 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is a worldwide public health problem, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Patients with SLD are at increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. Conversely, patients with cardiometabolic conditions have a high prevalence of SLD. In addition to epidemiological evidence linking many of these conditions, there is evidence of shared pathophysiological processes. In December 2022, a unique multi-stakeholder, multi-specialty meeting, called MOSAIC (Metabolic multi Organ Science Accelerating Innovation in Clinical Trials) was convened to foster collaboration across metabolic, hepatology, nephrology and CV disorders. One of the goals of the meeting was to consider approaches to drug development that would speed regulatory approval of treatments for multiple disorders by combining liver and cardiorenal endpoints within a single study. Non-invasive tests, including biomarkers and imaging, are needed in hepatic and cardiorenal trials. They can be used as trial endpoints, to enrich trial populations, to diagnose and risk stratify patients and to assess treatment efficacy and safety. Although they are used in proof of concept and phase 2 trials, they are often not acceptable for regulatory approval of therapies. The challenge is defining the optimal combination of biomarkers, imaging and morbidity/mortality outcomes and ensuring that they are included in future trials while minimizing the burden on patients, trialists and trial sponsors. This paper provides an overview of some of the wide array of CV, liver and kidney measurements that were discussed at the MOSAIC meeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiez Zannad
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm Clinical Investigation Center at Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Arun J Sanyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Javed Butler
- Baylor Scott and White Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
- University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - João Pedro Ferreira
- UnIC@RISE, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Department Surgery Physiology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, INSERM, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
- F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), INSERM U1116, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy, Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Girerd
- Université de Lorraine, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Plurithématique, CHRU Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Veronica Miller
- Forum for Collaborative Research, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- University of California Berkeley School of Public Health, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Chirag R Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Vlad Ratziu
- Sorbonne Université, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, INSERM UMRS, Paris, France
| | | | - Stephen A Harrison
- Visiting Professor of Hepatology Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Chen X, Fu L, Zhu Z, Wang Y. Exploring the link: magnesium intake and hepatic steatosis in Americans. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1367174. [PMID: 38846544 PMCID: PMC11153825 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1367174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The connection between magnesium and hepatic steatosis has not been well-studied. This study aimed to explore the link between magnesium intake and hepatic steatosis, utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020. Materials and methods The analysis included 5,935 participants, excluding individuals with hepatitis infection or substantial alcohol consumption. Magnesium intake assessment was based on 24-h dietary recalls. Hepatic steatosis evaluation employed the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), measured via transient elastography. Multivariate regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to scrutinize the relationship between magnesium intake and CAP values. Results A higher magnesium intake was associated with lower CAP values, after adjusting for potential confounders. Subgroup analyses indicated an inverted U-shaped correlation between magnesium intake and CAP in women, White people, and non-hypertensive individuals, with respective inflection points at 126, 124.5, and 125 mg/day, respectively. Below these thresholds, a higher magnesium intake correlated with increased CAP values, while above these points, it was associated with decreased CAP. Conclusion This extensive population-based study indicates an inverse relationship between magnesium intake and hepatic steatosis in Americans. This relationship displays an inverted U-curve, varying before and after specified inflection points in women, White people, and non-hypertensive individuals. These findings offer insights into tailored magnesium supplementation strategies for preventing and treating liver steatosis, based on gender and ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liying Fu
- Voluntary Blood Donation Service Center of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- Clinical Research Center, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunchao Wang
- Department of General Practice, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Chen X, Fu L, Zhu Z, Wang Y. Exploring the association between dietary fiber intake and hepatic steatosis: insights from NHANES. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:160. [PMID: 38730369 PMCID: PMC11088015 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-024-03256-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The link between dietary fiber intake and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is under exploration, yielding inconsistent findings. Considering the limitations of previous research and the significance of dietary fiber in hepatic steatosis, this study investigates the association between dietary fiber intake and Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP) among 5935 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). MATERIALS AND METHODS Multivariable regression was used to evaluate the association between dietary fiber intake and CAP. Smoothed curve fitting and threshold effect analysis techniques were applied to illustrate non-linear relationships. RESULTS After adjusting for other variables, a negative correlation emerged between dietary fiber intake and CAP. Subgroup analysis by gender and race/ethnicity revealed a sustained negative association between dietary fiber intake and CAP among females and Whites. Additionally, an inverted U-shaped relationship was observed between dietary fiber intake and CAP among women and other race, with inflection points at 13.80 g/day and 33.45 g/day, respectively. CONCLUSION Our research indicates that in the majority of Americans, there is an inverse relationship between dietary fiber intake and hepatic steatosis. This relationship exhibits an inverted U-shaped curve in women and other race, with a threshold effect. The findings of this study hold potential significance for clinical nutrition interventions, personalized dietary guidance, and advancing research into the diet-disease mechanism relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, P.R. China
| | - Liying Fu
- Voluntary Blood Donation Service Center of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, P.R. China
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- Clinical Research Center, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, P.R. China
| | - Yunchao Wang
- Department of General Practice, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, No. 199 South Shixin Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, P.R. China.
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Condon S, Hu H, Kong M, Cave MC, McClain CJ. ALT poorly predicts Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and liver fibrosis as determined by vibration-controlled transient elastography in adult National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018. Am J Med Sci 2024; 367:310-322. [PMID: 38307172 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a growing problem in the United States, contributing to a range of liver disease as well as cardiovascular disease. ALT is the most widely used liver chemistry for NAFLD evaluation. We hypothesized that the normal range many laboratories use was too high, missing many patients with clinically important steatosis and/or fibrosis. METHODS This study utilized 2017-2018 NHANES data including 9254 participants. We compared four different upper limits of normal for ALT with specific measurements of steatosis and liver stiffness as determined by liver elastography with FibroScan®. Liver stiffness was further characterized as showing any fibrosis or advanced fibrosis. After exclusions, our final pool was 4184 for liver stiffness measurement and 4183 for steatosis grade as measured by Controlled Attenuation Parameter (CAP). Using these variables, we performed logistic regression between ALT and CAP, and ALT and fibrosis/advanced fibrosis, and did a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve. RESULTS Based on three of the most widely used cut off values for ALT, we found that ALT does not reliably rule out NAFLD in over 50% of cases. It also missed 45.9-64.2% of patients with liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed that ALT is an inaccurate marker for NAFLD as measured by FibroScan® with CAP greater than or equal to 300 dB/m. Accuracy improved specific risk factors were considered. These data also showed that ALT was a poor marker for liver fibrosis. We conclude that there is no single ALT level that accurately predicts hepatic steatosis or fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Condon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; The Liver Transplant Program at UofL Health - Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Huirong Hu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Maiying Kong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; The Liver Transplant Program at UofL Health - Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, KY, USA; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Craig J McClain
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA; The Liver Transplant Program at UofL Health - Jewish Hospital Trager Transplant Center, Louisville, KY, USA; University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Hepatobiology & Toxicology Center, Louisville, KY, USA; Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Wang Y, Bian X, Wan M, Dong W, Gao W, Yao Z, Guo C. Effects of riboflavin deficiency and high dietary fat on hepatic lipid accumulation: a synergetic action in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:1. [PMID: 38169398 PMCID: PMC10763341 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00775-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by excessive lipid accumulation in the liver. Riboflavin, one of water soluble vitamins, plays a role in lipid metabolism and antioxidant function. However, the effects of riboflavin deficiency on NAFLD development have not yet to be fully explored. METHODS In the present study, an animal model of NAFLD was induced by high fat diet feeding in mice and a cellular model of NAFLD was developed in HepG2 cells by palmitic acid (PA) exposure. The effects of riboflavin deficiency on lipid metabolism and antioxidant function were investigated both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the possible role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was studied in HepG2 cells using gene silencing technique. RESULTS The results showed that riboflavin deficiency led to hepatic lipid accumulation in mice fed high fat diet. The expressions of fatty acid synthase (FAS) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) were up-regulated, whereas that of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) down-regulated. Similar changes in response to riboflavin deficiency were demonstrated in HepG2 cells treated with PA. Factorial analysis revealed a significant interaction between riboflavin deficiency and high dietary fat or PA load in the development of NAFLD. Hepatic PPARγ expression was significantly upregulated in mice fed riboflavin deficient and high fat diet or in HepG2 cells treated with riboflavin deficiency and PA load. Knockdown of PPARγ gene resulted in a significant reduction of lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells exposed to riboflavin deficiency and PA load. CONCLUSIONS There is a synergetic action between riboflavin deficiency and high dietary fat on the development of NAFLD, in which PPARγ may play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxian Wang
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Bian
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Wan
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiyun Dong
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Weina Gao
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanxin Yao
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China
| | - Changjiang Guo
- Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, 300050, People's Republic of China.
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Sartorio A, Burrei G, Cristin L, Zoncapè M, Carlin M, Tadiello E, Minuz P, Dalbeni A, Romano S. QTc Prolongation to Predict Mortality in Patients Admitted with COVID-19 Infection: An Observational Study. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2024; 22:106-121. [PMID: 38073101 DOI: 10.2174/0115701611250248231114114557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), characterized by pulmonary infection ranging from asymptomatic forms to respiratory insufficiency and death. Evidence of cardiac involvement in COVID-19 is increasing, and systemic inflammation or direct heart damage by SARS-CoV-2 can prolong the corrected QT interval (QTc). METHODS In this observational study, a total of 333 consecutive patients admitted to the Covid Center of Verona University Hospital from November 2020 to April 2021 were included. Patients with bundle branch block, pacemaker-controlled heart rhythm and heart rate >120 beats/min were excluded. A complete electrocardiogram (ECG) was performed at admission, and QTc values of ≥440 ms for males and ≥460 ms for females were considered prolonged. RESULTS Overall, 153 patients had prolonged QTc (45.5%). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, male sex (odds ratio (OR)=6.612, p=0.046), troponin (OR=1.04, p=0.015) and lymphocyte count (OR=3.047, p=0.019) were independently associated with QTc prolongation. Multivariate logistic regression showed that QTc was independently associated with mortality (OR=4.598, p=0.036). Age, sex, the ratio between the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) (P/F), and fibrosis-4 index for liver fibrosis (FIB-4) were also independently associated with mortality. CONCLUSION QTc interval prolongation appears to be a frequent finding in patients with COVID-19. Moreover, prolonged QTc may be predictive of more severe forms of COVID-19 and worse outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sartorio
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Burrei
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Cristin
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Mirko Zoncapè
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Michele Carlin
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Enrico Tadiello
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Pietro Minuz
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Andrea Dalbeni
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Romano
- Division of Internal Medicine C, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Italy
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Huang G, Wallace DF, Powell EE, Rahman T, Clark PJ, Subramaniam VN. Gene Variants Implicated in Steatotic Liver Disease: Opportunities for Diagnostics and Therapeutics. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2809. [PMID: 37893185 PMCID: PMC10604560 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes a steatotic (or fatty) liver occurring as a consequence of a combination of metabolic, environmental, and genetic factors, in the absence of significant alcohol consumption and other liver diseases. NAFLD is a spectrum of conditions. Steatosis in the absence of inflammation is relatively benign, but the disease can progress into more severe forms like non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD onset and progression are complex, as it is affected by many risk factors. The interaction between genetic predisposition and other factors partially explains the large variability of NAFLD phenotype and natural history. Numerous genes and variants have been identified through large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that are associated with NAFLD and one or more subtypes of the disease. Among them, the largest effect size and most consistent association have been patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3), transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2), and membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 7 (MBOAT7) genes. Extensive in vitro and in vivo studies have been conducted on these variants to validate these associations. The focus of this review is to highlight the genetics underpinning the molecular mechanisms driving the onset and progression of NAFLD and how they could potentially be used to improve genetic-based diagnostic testing of the disease and develop personalized, targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Huang
- Hepatogenomics Research Group, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Daniel F. Wallace
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- Metallogenomics Laboratory, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E. Powell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia;
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
- Centre for Liver Disease Research, Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Tony Rahman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD 4032, Australia;
| | - Paul J. Clark
- Mater Adult Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia;
| | - V. Nathan Subramaniam
- Hepatogenomics Research Group, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
- Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia;
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Ren Z, Yan D, Li G. The role of TRIM family in metabolic associated fatty liver disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1210330. [PMID: 37867509 PMCID: PMC10585262 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1210330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) ranks among the most prevalent chronic liver conditions globally. At present, the mechanism of MAFLD has not been fully elucidated. Tripartite motif (TRIM) protein is a kind of protein with E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, which participates in highly diversified cell activities and processes. It not only plays an important role in innate immunity, but also participates in liver steatosis, insulin resistance and other processes. In this review, we focused on the role of TRIM family in metabolic associated fatty liver disease. We also introduced the structure and functions of TRIM proteins. We summarized the TRIM family's regulation involved in the occurrence and development of metabolic associated fatty liver disease, as well as insulin resistance. We deeply discussed the potential of TRIM proteins as targets for the treatment of metabolic associated fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ze Ren
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Rashid M, Kondoh K, Palfalvi G, Nakajima KI, Minokoshi Y. Inhibition of high-fat diet-induced inflammatory responses in adipose tissue by SF1-expressing neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamus. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112627. [PMID: 37339627 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation and thermogenesis in white adipose tissue (WAT) at different sites influence the overall effects of obesity on metabolic health. In mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), inflammatory responses are less pronounced in inguinal WAT (ingWAT) than in epididymal WAT (epiWAT). Here we show that ablation and activation of steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1)-expressing neurons in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) oppositely affect the expression of inflammation-related genes and the formation of crown-like structures by infiltrating macrophages in ingWAT, but not in epiWAT, of HFD-fed mice, with these effects being mediated by sympathetic nerves innervating ingWAT. In contrast, SF1 neurons of the VMH preferentially regulated the expression of thermogenesis-related genes in interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) of HFD-fed mice. These results suggest that SF1 neurons of the VMH differentially regulate inflammatory responses and thermogenesis among various adipose tissue depots and restrain inflammation associated with diet-induced obesity specifically in ingWAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misbah Rashid
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Homeostatic Regulation, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Kunio Kondoh
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Homeostatic Regulation, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Gergo Palfalvi
- Division of Evolutionary Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichiro Nakajima
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Homeostatic Regulation, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Minokoshi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Homeostatic Regulation, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan; Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies, SOKENDAI, Okazaki, Aichi 444-8585, Japan.
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Mitra S, Halder AK, Ghosh N, Mandal SC, Cordeiro MNDS. Multi-model in silico characterization of 3-benzamidobenzoic acid derivatives as partial agonists of Farnesoid X receptor in the management of NAFLD. Comput Biol Med 2023; 157:106789. [PMID: 36963353 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological condition which is strongly correlated with fat accumulation in the liver that has become a major health hazard globally. So far, limited treatment options are available for the management of NAFLD and partial agonism of Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) has proven to be one of the most promising strategies for treatment of NAFLD. In present work, a range of validated predictive cheminformatics and molecular modeling studies were performed with a series of 3-benzamidobenzoic acid derivatives in order to recognize their structural requirements for possessing higher potency towards FXR. 2D-QSAR models were able to extract the most significant structural attributes determining the higher activity towards the receptor. Ligand-based pharmacophore model was created with a novel and less-explored open access tool named QPhAR to acquire information regarding important 3D-pharmacophoric features that lead to higher agonistic potential towards the FXR. The alignment of the dataset compounds based on pharmacophore mapping led to 3D-QSAR models that pointed out the most crucial steric and electrostatic influence. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation performed with the most potent and the least potent derivatives of the current dataset helped us to understand how to link the structural interpretations obtained from 2D-QSAR, 3D-QSAR and pharmacophore models with the involvement of specific amino acid residues in the FXR protein. The current study revealed that hydrogen bond interactions with carboxylate group of the ligands play an important role in the ligand receptor binding but higher stabilization of different helices close to the binding site of FXR (e.g., H5, H6 and H8) through aromatic scaffolds of the ligands should lead to higher activity for these ligands. The present work affords important guidelines towards designing novel FXR partial agonists for new therapeutic options in the management of NAFLD. Moreover, we relied mainly on open-access tools to develop the in-silico models in order to ensure their reproducibility as well as utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mitra
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, 713206, India
| | - Amit Kumar Halder
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy & Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, 713206, India; LAQV@REQUIMTE/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nilanjan Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Subhash C Mandal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - M Natália D S Cordeiro
- LAQV@REQUIMTE/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007, Porto, Portugal.
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Ardekani A, Tabrizi R, Maleki E, Bagheri Lankarani K, Heydari ST, Moradinazar M, Akbari M. Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on lipid profiles and liver enzymes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food Sci Nutr 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ardekani
- Health Policy Research Center Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Reza Tabrizi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Valiasr Hospital Fasa University of Medical Sciences Fasa Iran
| | - Elham Maleki
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences Kerman University of Medical Sciences Kerman Iran
| | - Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- Health Policy Research Center Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Seyed Taghi Heydari
- Health Policy Research Center Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
| | - Mehdi Moradinazar
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH) Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Maryam Akbari
- Health Policy Research Center Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz Iran
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12
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Ramatchandirin B, Pearah A, He L. Regulation of Liver Glucose and Lipid Metabolism by Transcriptional Factors and Coactivators. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020515. [PMID: 36836874 PMCID: PMC9962321 DOI: 10.3390/life13020515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) worldwide is on the rise and NAFLD is becoming the most common cause of chronic liver disease. In the USA, NAFLD affects over 30% of the population, with similar occurrence rates reported from Europe and Asia. This is due to the global increase in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) because patients with obesity and T2DM commonly have NAFLD, and patients with NAFLD are often obese and have T2DM with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia as well as hypertriglyceridemia. Excessive accumulation of triglycerides is a hallmark of NAFLD and NAFLD is now recognized as the liver disease component of metabolic syndrome. Liver glucose and lipid metabolisms are intertwined and carbon flux can be used to generate glucose or lipids; therefore, in this review we discuss the important transcription factors and coactivators that regulate glucose and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexia Pearah
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Ling He
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N. Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-410-502-5765; Fax: +1-410-502-5779
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13
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Concise review of lipidomics in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2023; 49:101432. [PMID: 36781065 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2023.101432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses simple liver steatosis, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and liver fibrosis that can progress to cirrhosis. NAFLD has become the principal cause of chronic liver disease in many parts of the world. Lipidomic studies, by allowing to determine concentrations of lipid classes and fatty acid composition of different lipid species, have been of great interest to help understand NAFLD pathophysiology and potentially identify novel biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. Indeed, lipidomic data give information on qualitative lipid abnormalities associated with NAFLD. The aim of our article was to create a comprehensive and more synthetic review of main results from lipidomic studies in NAFLD. Literature was searched for all human lipidomic studies evaluating plasma samples of individuals with NAFLD. Results were regrouped by the degree of liver damage, either simple steatosis, NASH or liver fibrosis, and presented by lipid categories. Overall, we summarized the main lipidomic abnormalities associated with NAFLD as follows: modification of free fatty acid distribution, increase in ceramides, reduced phosphatidylcholine / phosphatidylethanolamine ratio, and increase in eicosanoids. These lipid abnormalities are likely to promote NASH and liver fibrosis by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis, inflammation, oxidation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Although these lipidomic abnormalities are consistently reported in many studies, further research is needed to clarify whether they may be predictive for liver steatosis, NASH or liver fibrosis.
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14
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Combinatorial therapy with BAR502 and UDCA resets FXR and GPBAR1 signaling and reverses liver histopathology in a model of NASH. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1602. [PMID: 36709356 PMCID: PMC9884292 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatosis (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis (NASH) are two highly prevalent human disorders for which therapy remains suboptimal. Bile acids are signaling molecules acting on two main receptors the Farnesoid-x-receptor (FXR) and G protein coupled receptor GPB AR1. Clinical trials have shown that FXR agonism might result in side effects along with lack of efficacy in restoring liver histopathology. For these reasons a multi-targets therapy combined FXR agonists with agent targeting additional molecular mechanisms might have improved efficacy over selective FXR agonists. In the present study we have compared the effects of BAR502, a dual FXR/GPBAR1 ligand) alone or in combination with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in a model of NAFLD/NASH induced by feeding mice with a Western diet for 10 weeks. The results demonstrated that while BAR502 and UDCA partially protected against liver damage caused by Western diet, the combination of the two, reversed the pro-atherogenic lipid profile and completely reversed the histopathology damage, attenuating liver steatosis, ballooning, inflammation and fibrosis. Additionally, while both agents increased insulin sensitivity and bile acid signaling, the combination of the two, modulated up top 85 genes in comparison of mice feed a Western diet, strongly reducing expression of inflammatory markers such as chemokines and cytokines. Additionally, the combination of the two agents redirected the bile acid metabolism toward bile acid species that are GPBAR1 agonist while reduced liver bile acid content and increased fecal excretion. Together, these data, highlight the potential role for a combinatorial therapy based on BAR502 and UDCA in treating of NAFLD.
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15
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Kim HJ, Baek EB, Hwang JH, Lim M, Jung WH, Bae MA, Son HY, Cho JW. Application of convolutional neural network for analyzing hepatic fibrosis in mice. J Toxicol Pathol 2023; 36:21-30. [PMID: 36683726 PMCID: PMC9837472 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2022-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, with the development of computer vision using artificial intelligence (AI), clinical research on diagnosis and prediction using medical image data has increased. In this study, we applied AI methods to analyze hepatic fibrosis in mice to determine whether an AI algorithm can be used to analyze lesions. Whole slide image (WSI) Sirius Red staining was used to examine hepatic fibrosis. The Xception network, an AI algorithm, was used to train normal and fibrotic lesion identification. We compared the results from two analyses, that is, pathologists' grades and researchers' annotations, to observe whether the automated algorithm can support toxicological pathologists efficiently as a new apparatus. The accuracies of the trained model computed from the training and validation datasets were greater than 99%, and that obtained by testing the model was 100%. In the comparison between analyses, all analyses showed significant differences in the results for each group. Furthermore, both normalized fibrosis grades inferred from the trained model annotated the fibrosis area, and the grades assigned by the pathologists showed significant correlations. Notably, the deep learning algorithm derived the highest correlation with the pathologists' average grade. Owing to the correlation outcomes, we conclude that the trained model might produce results comparable to those of the pathologists' grading of the Sirius Red-stained WSI fibrosis. This study illustrates that the deep learning algorithm can potentially be used for analyzing fibrotic lesions in combination with Sirius Red-stained WSIs as a second opinion tool in non-clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Ji Kim
- Toxicological Pathology Research Group, Department of
Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea,College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National
University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea,†These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Eun Bok Baek
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National
University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hee Hwang
- Toxicological Pathology Research Group, Department of
Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Minyoung Lim
- Toxicological Pathology Research Group, Department of
Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Hoon Jung
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of
Korea
| | - Myung Ae Bae
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research
Institute of Chemical Technology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34114, Republic of
Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Son
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National
University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea,*Corresponding authors: JW Cho (e-mail: ); HY Son (e-mail: )
| | - Jae-Woo Cho
- Toxicological Pathology Research Group, Department of
Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea,*Corresponding authors: JW Cho (e-mail: ); HY Son (e-mail: )
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16
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Ribeiro B, Malespin M, De Melo S, Schey R, Ghali P. Association Between Helicobacter pylori and Steatosis Severity on Transient Elastography. Cureus 2023; 15:e34042. [PMID: 36699110 PMCID: PMC9870596 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A possible association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and liver diseases including steatosis is suspected. There is a lack of studies evaluating the association of HP and liver steatosis severity using transient elastography. Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and risk factors for liver steatosis measured by transient elastography in patients with or without HP. Methods A total of 484 patients tested for liver steatosis and fibrosis using transient elastography from January 2017 to June 2018 were evaluated. Ninety-one patients who were also tested for H. pylori infection were included in the study. Transient elastography findings were compared between HP-positive patients and HP-negative patients. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables and the presence and severity of liver fibrosis and steatosis were analyzed. Results Patients with HP had a higher frequency of steatosis on transient elastography (86.8% vs. 60.7%, p =0.009). Patients with HP had increased steatosis severity compared to HP-negative patients (mild steatosis 15.8% vs. 7.1%, p=0.037; moderate to severe steatosis 71.1% vs. 53.6%, p=0.015, respectively). In the stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis, HP infection remained an independent risk factor for steatosis (odds ratio: 4.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.09-14.78; p=0.037). Conclusion Patients with HP had an increased steatosis frequency, and patients with liver steatosis may warrant HP evaluation and treatment.
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17
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Hayat U, Siddiqui AA, Farhan ML, Haris A, Hameed N. Genome Editing and Fatty Liver. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1396:191-206. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-5642-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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18
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Heintz MM, Eccles JA, Olack EM, Maner-Smith KM, Ortlund EA, Baldwin WS. Human CYP2B6 produces oxylipins from polyunsaturated fatty acids and reduces diet-induced obesity. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0277053. [PMID: 36520866 PMCID: PMC9754190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple factors in addition to over consumption lead to obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the United States and worldwide. CYP2B6 is the only human detoxification CYP whose loss is associated with obesity, and Cyp2b-null mice show greater diet-induced obesity with increased steatosis than wildtype mice. However, a putative mechanism has not been determined. LC-MS/MS revealed that CYP2B6 metabolizes PUFAs, with a preference for metabolism of ALA to 9-HOTrE and to a lesser extent 13-HOTrE with a preference for metabolism of PUFAs at the 9- and 13-positions. To further study the role of CYP2B6 in vivo, humanized-CYP2B6-transgenic (hCYP2B6-Tg) and Cyp2b-null mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Compared to Cyp2b-null mice, hCYP2B6-Tg mice showed reduced weight gain and metabolic disease as measured by glucose tolerance tests, however hCYP2B6-Tg male mice showed increased liver triglycerides. Serum and liver oxylipin metabolite concentrations increased in male hCYP2B6-Tg mice, while only serum oxylipins increased in female hCYP2B6-Tg mice with the greatest increases in LA oxylipins metabolized at the 9 and 13-positions. Several of these oxylipins, specifically 9-HODE, 9-HOTrE, and 13-oxoODE, are PPAR agonists. RNA-seq data also demonstrated sexually dimorphic changes in gene expression related to nuclear receptor signaling, especially CAR > PPAR with qPCR suggesting PPARγ signaling is more likely than PPARα signaling in male mice. Overall, our data indicates that CYP2B6 is an anti-obesity enzyme, but probably to a lesser extent than murine Cyp2b's. Therefore, the inhibition of CYP2B6 by xenobiotics or dietary fats can exacerbate obesity and metabolic disease potentially through disrupted PUFA metabolism and the production of key lipid metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M. Heintz
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jazmine A. Eccles
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Emily M. Olack
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
| | - Kristal M. Maner-Smith
- Emory Integrated Metabolomics and Lipodomics Core, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Eric A. Ortlund
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - William S. Baldwin
- Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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19
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Chen P, Yang Z, Guo L, Huang Y, Li J, Chen X. Effects of homocysteine on nonalcoholic fatty liver related disease: A mendelian randomization study. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1083855. [PMID: 36561351 PMCID: PMC9763576 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1083855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Since the association of homocysteine and clinical results of observational studies are controversial on non-alcoholic fatty liver related disease, we compute the two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study. Objective: To evaluate whether the plasma level of homocysteine has an effect on the risk of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and Cirrhosis after its progress, we investigated the causal relationships between plasma homocysteine and the three non-alcoholic fatty liver related diseases mentioned above. Design and methods: Summary estimates were elicited from the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method through 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which related to the plasma homocysteine, the SNPs were obtained from a large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of 44,147 European participants. And the summary statistics for the latest and largest GWAS datasets for NAFLD (307576 in total and 1,578 cases), NASH (309055 in total and 99 cases) and Cirrhosis (306145 in total and 826 cases) were collected from Ristey FinnGen website where the association of genetic variations with blood metabolite levels was conducted using comprehensive metabolite profiling. The study was performed through two-sample MR method. Results: The result indicated that the plasma homocysteine is not significantly associated with NAFLD, and its progression, NASH and Cirrhosis. Conclusion: The evidence in this study is quite deficient to support the causal association of the individual plasma homocysteine with NAFLD, NASH and Cirrhosis, the putative of associations is not exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Institute of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Ze Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingyun Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yingfei Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjia Li
- Human Phenome Institute, Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Institute of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taizhou University, Taizhou, China,School of Medicine, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,Joint Institute for Genetics and Genome Medicine, Zhejiang University and University of Toronto, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xin Chen,
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20
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Xie CH, Chen LW, Lin CL, Hu CC, Chien CH. Serum Uric Acid but Not Ferritin Level Is Associated with Hepatic Fibrosis in Lean Subjects with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: A Community-Based Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12122009. [PMID: 36556230 PMCID: PMC9782820 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12122009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated serum ferritin and uric acid levels are common in patients with fatty liver disease. This study assessed the association between serum ferritin and uric acid levels and liver fibrosis in subjects with lean metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). This cross-sectional study used data from a community screening examination for metabolic syndrome from December 2018 to September 2019 at Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital. Subjects with lean MAFLD were defined as those with a body mass index (BMI) < 23 kg/m2 and hepatic steatosis according to the MAFLD criteria. A total of 182 lean subjects were included and were divided into lean MAFLD and lean healthy groups. Serum ferritin and uric acid concentrations were positively correlated with liver fibrosis, regardless of whether FIB-4, APRI, or NFS were used as references. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age and uric acid were associated with advanced liver fibrosis. After adjusting for potential confounders, only uric acid level was statistically significant in predicting the advanced liver fibrosis (OR = 6.907 (1.111−42.94), p = 0.038) in the lean MAFLD group. We found that an elevated serum uric acid level is an independent factor associated with advanced liver fibrosis in lean MAFLD subjects by noninvasive fibrosis scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Han Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-24313131 (ext. 6203); Fax: +886-2-24335342
| | - Chih-Lang Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chih Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Chien
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung 204, Taiwan
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung 204, Taiwan
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21
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Marchianò S, Biagioli M, Roselli R, Zampella A, Di Giorgio C, Bordoni M, Bellini R, Urbani G, Morretta E, Monti MC, Distrutti E, Fiorucci S. Beneficial effects of UDCA and norUDCA in a rodent model of steatosis are linked to modulation of GPBAR1/FXR signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159218. [PMID: 35985473 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatosis (NAFLD) and steatohepatitis (NASH) are two highly prevalent human disorders for which therapy remains suboptimal. Bile acids play an essential role in regulating liver metabolism, and several bile acids-based therapy are currently investigated for their potential therapeutic efficacy in NAFLD/NASH. Bile acids exert their functions, at least in part, by modulating two main receptors the Farnesoid-x-receptor (FXR) and the G protein-coupled receptor, GPBAR1. In the present study we have compared the pharmacological effects of two bile acids, the ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and its derivative norUDCA, in a model of NAFLD/NASH induced by feeding mice with a Western diet for 12 weeks. The results of these studies demonstrated that both UDCA and norUDCA protected against development of steatosis and fibrosis, but did not reduce the hepatocytes ballooning nor the development of a pro-atherogenic lipid profile. Both agents reduced liver lipogenesis and ameliorated insulin sensitivity and adipocytes signaling as shown by increased expression of adiponectin. Mechanistically, UDCA acts as weak GPBAR1 agonist, while norUDCA exerted no effect on both GPBAR1 and FXR. In vivo administration of UDCA resets bile acid synthesis and promotes a shift toward bile acids species that are GPBAR1 agonists, UDCA, TUDCA and hyodeoxycholic acid, and increases GLP1 expression in the ileum. In contrast norUDCA is poorly metabolized exerting a minimal impact on GPBAR1 signaling. Together, these data, highlight the potential role of UDCA and norUDCA in treating of NAFLD, though these beneficial effects are supported by different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Marchianò
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Biagioli
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Roselli
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Zampella
- University of Naples Federico II, Department of Pharmacy, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Martina Bordoni
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rachele Bellini
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ginevra Urbani
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia, Italy
| | - Elva Morretta
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Fiorucci
- University of Perugia, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Perugia, Italy.
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22
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The role of protein kinases as key drivers of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease progression: New insights and future directions. Life Sci 2022; 305:120732. [PMID: 35760093 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), proposed in 2020 is a novel term for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which was coined for the first time in 1980. It is a leading cause of the most chronic liver disease and hepatic failure all over the world, and unfortunately, with no licensed drugs for treatment yet. The progress of the disease is driven by the triggered inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance in many pathways, starting with simple hepatic steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Protein kinases (PKs), such as MAPK, ErbB, PKC, PI3K/Akt, and mTOR, govern most of the pathological pathways by acting on various downstream key points in MAFLD and regulating both hepatic gluco- lipo-neogenesis and inflammation. Therefore, modulating the function of those potential protein kinases that are effectively involved in MAFLD might be a promising therapeutic approach for tackling this disease. In the current review, we have discussed the key role of protein kinases in the pathogenesis of MAFLD and performed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network among the main proteins of each kinase pathway with MAFLD-related proteins to predict the most likely targets of the PKs in MAFLD. Moreover, we have reported the experimental, pre-clinical, and clinical data for the most recent investigated molecules that are activating p38-MAPK and AMPK proteins and inhibiting the other PKs to improve MAFLD condition by regulating oxidation and inflammation signalling.
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23
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Cianci N, Subhani M, Hill T, Khanna A, Zheng D, Sheth A, Crooks C, Aithal GP. Prognostic non-invasive biomarkers for all-cause mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1025-1037. [PMID: 35721296 PMCID: PMC9157703 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i5.1025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a growing public health concern, with patients having higher risk of morbidity and mortality. It has a considerably high prevalence in the general population, estimated 20%-40% in Europe, and is asymptomatic until late in the disease course. It is therefore important to identify and validate tools that predict hard outcomes such as mortality for use in clinical practice in risk-stratifying NAFLD patients.
AIM To evaluate available evidence on the use of non-invasive test(s) as prognostic factors for mortality in NAFLD.
METHODS We performed electronic searches of Medline and EMBASE (Ovid) until 7th January 2021 of studies in NAFLD populations. Prognostic markers included serum biomarkers, non-invasive scoring systems, and non-invasive imaging. The population included all spectrums of disease severity, including NAFLD and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Outcomes included all-cause, and cardiovascular mortality. All non-invasive tests were synthesised in a narrative systematic review. Finally, we conducted a meta-analysis of non-invasive scoring systems for predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, calculating pooled hazard ratios and 95% confidence (STATA 16.1).
RESULTS Database searches identified 2850 studies – 24 were included. 16 studies reported non-invasive scoring systems, 10 studies reported individual biomarkers, and 1 study reported imaging modalities. 4 studies on non-invasive scoring systems (6324 participants) had data available for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The non-invasive scoring system that performed best at predicting all-cause mortality was NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) [pHR 3.07 (1.62-5.83)], followed by fibrosis-4 index [pHR 3.06 (1.54-6.07)], BARD [pHR 2.87 (1.27-6.46)], and AST to platelet ratio index [pHR 1.90 (1.32-2.73)]. NFS was also prognostic of cardiovascular-related mortality [pHR 3.09 (1.78-5.34)].
CONCLUSION This study reaffirms that non-invasive scoring systems, especially NFS, are reliable prognostic markers of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in NAFLD patients. These findings can inform clinical practice in risk stratifying NAFLD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Cianci
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, United Kingdom
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Mohsan Subhani
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Trevor Hill
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Amardeep Khanna
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
- King’s Liver Transplant Unit, King's College Hospital, London SE5 9RS, United Kingdom
- NIHR Biomedical Research Center, Freeman Hospital and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, United Kingdom
- Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2GW, United Kingdom
| | - Dong Zheng
- School of Medicine, Queen Mary University London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Sheth
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Crooks
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
| | - Guruprasad P Aithal
- Nottingham Digestive Diseases NIHR Biomedical Research Centre and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, United Kingdom
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24
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Prognostic non-invasive biomarkers for all-cause mortality in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Hepatol 2022. [DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i5.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
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25
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Xu L, Lu Y, Wang N, Feng Y. The Role and Mechanisms of Selenium Supplementation on Fatty Liver-Associated Disorder. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050922. [PMID: 35624786 PMCID: PMC9137657 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent chronic liver disease without effective therapy. Selenium, as an essential trace element for humans, is notable for its antioxidant properties. The previous study shows that selenium levels in NAFLD patients are lower than normal ones. Selenium supplementation can effectively alleviate metabolic disorders by relieving anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory regulation. However, the correlation between selenium and NAFLD has not been fully clarified. Herein, we review the current studies on selenium in regulating the different stages of NAFLD and summarize relevant clinical trials to highlight the potential roles of selenium in NAFLD treatment.
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26
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Hong C, Wu C, Ma P, Cui H, Chen L, Li R, Li Q, Zeng L, Liao S, Xiao L, Liu L, Li W. Positive association of nap duration with risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in an occupational population in Guangdong Province, China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:185. [PMID: 35413791 PMCID: PMC9004137 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02246-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A lack of sleep or disorder in sleep-wake cycles has been associated with metabolic impairments. However, few studies have investigated the association between daytime napping duration and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This study aimed to investigate the association of daytime napping duration with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a Chinese population. METHODS This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Health Management Center of Nanfang Hospital, Guangdong Province. A total of 3363 participants aged 20-79 years were recruited and admitted from January 20, 2018, to October 16, 2020. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was diagnosed using abdominal ultrasonography. The outcome was the association between daytime sleep duration and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. RESULTS Compared with non-nappers, long daytime nappers (≥ 60 min) were associated with a higher risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the crude model (odds ratio 2.138; 95% confidence interval 1.88-2.61, P < 0.05) and in the multivariable adjustment model (odds ratio 2.211; 95% confidence interval 1.042-4.690, P < 0.05) after adjusting for demographic, educational, and metabolic risk factors. The association was moderately enhanced with additional adjustments for night sleep duration and socioeconomic or other factors (odds ratio 2.253; 95% confidence interval 1.061-4.786, P = 0.035). CONCLUSION In this cross-sectional study, daytime napping duration of ≥ 60 min was positively associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in an occupational population of Guangdong Province after multivariable adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hong
- Big Data Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chengkai Wu
- Big Data Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Pengcheng Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hao Cui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Liya Chen
- Department of Medical Quality Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ruining Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qimei Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lin Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Shengwu Liao
- Big Data Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lushan Xiao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Big Data Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Hospital Office, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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Xu JJ, Boesen MR, Hansen SL, Ulriksen PS, Holm S, Lönn L, Hansen KL. Assessment of Liver Fat: Dual-Energy CT versus Conventional CT with and without Contrast. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12030708. [PMID: 35328261 PMCID: PMC8946969 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the correlation between liver fat percentage using dual-energy CT (DECT) and Hounsfield unit (HU) measurements in contrast and non-contrast CT. This study included 177 patients in two patient groups: Group A (n = 125) underwent whole body non-contrast DECT and group B (n = 52) had a multiphasic DECT including a conventional non-contrast CT. Three regions of interest were placed on each image series, one in the left liver lobe and two in the right to measure Hounsfield Units (HU) as well as liver fat percentage. Linear regression analysis was performed for each group as well as combined. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated to establish the optimal fat percentage threshold value in DECT for predicting a non-contrast threshold of 40 HU correlating to moderate-severe liver steatosis. We found a strong correlation between fat percentage found with DECT and HU measured in non-contrast CT in group A and B individually (R2 = 0.81 and 0.86, respectively) as well as combined (R2 = 0.85). No significant difference was found when comparing venous and arterial phase DECT fat percentage measurements in group B (p = 0.67). A threshold of 10% liver fat found with DECT had 95% sensitivity and 95% specificity for the prediction of a 40 HU threshold using non-contrast CT. In conclusion, liver fat quantification using DECT shows high correlation with HU measurements independent of scan phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Junchi Xu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (P.S.U.); (L.L.); (K.L.H.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
| | - Mikkel Ranum Boesen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.R.B.); (S.L.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Sofie Lindskov Hansen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.R.B.); (S.L.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Peter Sommer Ulriksen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (P.S.U.); (L.L.); (K.L.H.)
| | - Søren Holm
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (M.R.B.); (S.L.H.); (S.H.)
| | - Lars Lönn
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (P.S.U.); (L.L.); (K.L.H.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristoffer Lindskov Hansen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (P.S.U.); (L.L.); (K.L.H.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhou J, Yan F, Xu J, Lu Q, Zhu X, Gao B, Zhang H, Yang R, Luo Y. Diagnosis of steatohepatitis and fibrosis in biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases: including two-dimension real-time shear wave elastography and noninvasive fibrotic biomarker scores. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2022; 12:1800-1814. [PMID: 35284290 PMCID: PMC8899947 DOI: 10.21037/qims-21-700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the accuracy of two-dimension real-time shear wave elastography (2D-SWE) for the diagnosis of steatohepatitis and fibrosis in a cohort patients confirmed nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) by liver biopsy, and compare with four noninvasive fibrotic biomarker scores (NFS, FIB-4, BARD and APRI). METHODS 116 NAFLD patients and 23 normal control group were enrolled. The diagnostic performance of 2D-SWE and four noninvasive fibrotic biomarker scores was evaluated based on histopathological inflammation grades and fibrosis stages (F) according to Kleiner/Brunt et al.'s criteria classification. 5-fold cross validation and receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analyses were used to obtain an assessment of 2D-SWE and four noninvasive fibrotic biomarker scores; then cross validated area under the curves (AUCs) were compared using the test of Delong. Meanwhile, influence of steatosis on liver stiffness measurement (LSM) of 2D-SWE was also studied. RESULTS Liver stiffness measured by 2D-SWE proved to be an excellent diagnostic indicator for detecting steatohepatitis (AUROC =0.88), and fibrosis: ≥F2 stage (AUROC =0.86), ≥F3 stage (AUROC =0.89) and =F4 stage (AUROC =0.90) with the cutoff values were 7.3, 10.0, 11.6 and 12.6 kPa, respectively. Compared with fibrotic scores, 2D-SWE had the highest AUROC for predicting ≥F2, ≥F3, =F4 by Delong test (all P<0.05). No statistic differences of LSM were found among different steatosis levels (P=0.97). CONCLUSIONS The stiffness measured by 2D-SWE could be used to noninvasively identify steatohepatitis and stage fibrosis in NAFLD patients. Moreover, the diagnosis efficiency of the stiffness measured by 2D-SWE could not be influenced by steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Ultrasound Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Ultrasound Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinshun Xu
- Ultrasound Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Ultrasound Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianglan Zhu
- Pathology Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binyang Gao
- Ultrasound Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Ultrasound Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Ultrasound Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Ultrasound Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Ultrasound Imaging of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Meneses D, Olveira A, Corripio R, Méndez MDC, Romero M, Calvo-Viñuelas I, Herranz L, Vicent D, de-Cos-Blanco AI. Prevalence and predictors of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with morbid obesity. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2022; 69:178-188. [PMID: 35396116 DOI: 10.1016/j.endien.2022.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in morbid obesity (MO). A considerable proportion of patients with MO have non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Liver biopsy (LB) is the only procedure that reliably differentiates NASH from other stages of NAFLD, but its invasive nature prevents it from being generalisable. Hence, non-invasive assessment is critical in this group of patients. OBJECTIVES To report NAFLD/NASH prevalence in a cohort of patients with MO and to identify predictors of NASH. METHODS Fifty-two consecutive patients subjected to bariatric surgery in a University hospital in Spain underwent LB. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical variables were registered. According of the results of the LB, individuals were classified by whether they had NASH or not. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors associated with NASH. RESULTS NAFLD was reported in 94.2% of the patients, simple steatosis was present in 51.92% and NASH in 42.31%. Meanwhile, 17.3% of patients exhibited significant fibrosis (≥F2). HIGHT score for NASH risk was established using five independent predictors: systemic Hypertension, Insulin resistance, Gamma-glutamyl transferase, High density lipoprotein cholesterol and alanine Transaminase. This score ranges from 0 to 7 and was used to predict NASH in our cohort (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve 0.846). A score of 4 or greater implied high risk (sensitivity 77.3%, specificity 73.3%, positive predictive value 68%, negative predictive value 81.5%, accuracy 75%). CONCLUSIONS NAFLD is practically a constant in MO with a considerable proportion of patients presenting NASH. The combination of five independent predictors in a scoring system may help the clinician optimise the selection of patients with MO for LB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Meneses
- Obesity Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio Olveira
- Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Corripio
- Metabolic Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Méndez
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Míriam Romero
- Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Calvo-Viñuelas
- Obesity Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucrecia Herranz
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Vicent
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria [Health Research Institute] of Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel de-Cos-Blanco
- Obesity Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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30
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Ge X, Zhang A, Li L, Sun Q, He J, Wu Y, Tan R, Pan Y, Zhao J, Xu Y, Tang H, Gao Y. Application of machine learning tools: Potential and useful approach for the prediction of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on the gut microbiome profile. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:305. [PMID: 35340868 PMCID: PMC8931625 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays an important role in the regulation of the immune system and the metabolism of the host. The aim of the present study was to characterize the gut microbiota of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 118 participants with newly diagnosed T2DM and 89 control subjects were recruited in the present study; six clinical parameters were collected and the quantity of 10 different types of bacteria was assessed in the fecal samples using quantitative PCR. Taking into consideration the six clinical variables and the quantity of the 10 different bacteria, 3 predictive models were established in the training set and test set, and evaluated using a confusion matrix, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values, sensitivity (recall), specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value (npv). The abundance of Bacteroides, Eubacterium rectale and Roseburia inulinivorans was significantly lower in the T2DM group compared with the control group. However, the abundance of Enterococcus was significantly higher in the T2DM group compared with the control group. In addition, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Enterococcus and Roseburia inulinivorans were significantly associated with sex status while Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Enterococcus and Roseburia inulinivorans were significantly associated with older age. In the training set, among the three models, support vector machine (SVM) and XGboost models obtained AUC values of 0.72 and 0.70, respectively. In the test set, only SVM obtained an AUC value of 0.77, and the precision and specificity were both above 0.77, whereas the accuracy, recall and npv were above 0.60. Furthermore, Bifidobacterium, age and Roseburia inulinivorans played pivotal roles in the model. In conclusion, the SVM model exhibited the highest overall predictive power, thus the combined use of machine learning tools with gut microbiome profiling may be a promising approach for improving early prediction of T2DM in the near feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Ge
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Qitian Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiu He
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wu
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Rundong Tan
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Yingxia Pan
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Jiangman Zhao
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Yue Xu
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Hui Tang
- Shanghai Biotecan Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201204, P.R. China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
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The Symbiotic Effect of a New Nutraceutical with Yeast β-Glucan, Prebiotics, Minerals, and Silybum marianum (Silymarin) for Recovering Metabolic Homeostasis via Pgc-1α, Il-6, and Il-10 Gene Expression in a Type-2 Diabetes Obesity Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030447. [PMID: 35326098 PMCID: PMC8944780 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of natural products and derivatives for the prevention and control of non-communicable chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and hepatic steatosis is a way to achieve homeostasis through different metabolic pathways. Thus, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into the following groups: high-fat diet (HFD) vehicle, HFD + Supplemented, HFD + Supplemented_S, and isolated compounds. The vehicle and experimental formulations were administered orally by gavage once a day over the four weeks of the diet (28 consecutive days). We evaluated the energy homeostasis, cytokines, and mitochondrial gene expression in these groups of mice. After four weeks of supplementation, only the new nutraceutical group (HFD + Supplemented) experienced reduced fasting glycemia, insulin, HOMA index, HOMA-β, dyslipidemia, ectopic fat deposition, and hepatic fibrosis levels. Additionally, the PPARγ coactivator 1 α (Pgc-1α), interleukin-6 (Il-6), and interleukin-10 (Il-10) gene expression were augmented, while hepatic steatosis decreased and liver parenchyma was recovered. The glutathione-S-transferase activity status was found to be modulated by the supplement. We discovered that the new nutraceutical was able to improve insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis mainly by regulating IL-6, IL-10, and Pgc-1α gene expression.
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Parameswaran M, Hasan HA, Sadeque J, Jhaveri S, Avanthika C, Arisoyin AE, Dhanani MB, Rath SM. Factors That Predict the Progression of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Cureus 2021; 13:e20776. [PMID: 35111461 PMCID: PMC8794413 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to a spectrum of diseases involving the deposition of fat in the hepatocytes of people with little to no alcohol consumption. NAFLD is associated with hypertension, diabetes, obesity, etc. As their prevalence increases, the propensity and severity of NAFLD might increase. As per the recently developed multi-hit hypothesis, factors like oxidative stress, genetic predisposition, lipotoxicity, and insulin resistance have been found to play a key role in the development of NAFLD and its associated complications. This article focuses on NAFLD, its pathophysiology, risk factors, and the various genetic and epigenetic factors involved in its development along with possible treatment modalities. We conducted an all-language literature search on Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar until October 2021. The following search strings and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms were used: “NAFLD,” “NASH,” “Fibrosis,” and “Insulin Resistance.” We explored the literature on NAFLD for its epidemiology, pathophysiology, the role of various genes, and how they influence the disease and associated complications about the disease and its hepatic and extrahepatic complications. With its rapidly increasing prevalence rates across the world and serious complications like NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma, NAFLD is becoming a major public health issue and more research is needed to formulate better screening tools and treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jafor Sadeque
- Internal Medicine, Al Mostaqbal Hospital, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Sharan Jhaveri
- Internal Medicine, Smt. Nathiba Hargovandas Lakhmichand Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad, IND
| | | | | | - Maulik B Dhanani
- Internal Medicine, Southwestern University School of Medicine, Cebu City, PHL
| | - Swaroopa M Rath
- Medicine, Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, IND
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Liu WY, Zhang X, Li G, Tang LJ, Zhu PW, Rios RS, Zheng KI, Ma HL, Wang XD, Pan Q, de Knegt RJ, Valenti L, Ghanbari M, Zheng MH. Protective association of Klotho rs495392 gene polymorphism against hepatic steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients. Clin Mol Hepatol 2021; 28:183-195. [PMID: 34839623 PMCID: PMC9013609 DOI: 10.3350/cmh.2021.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is closely associated with metabolic dysfunction. Among the multiple factors, genetic variation acts as important modifiers. Klotho, an enzyme encoded by the klotho (KL) gene in human, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunctions. However, the impact of variants in KL on NAFLD risk remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of KL rs495392 C>A polymorphism on the histological severity of NAFLD. Methods We evaluated the impact of the KL rs495392 polymorphism on liver histology in 531 Chinese with NAFLD and replicated that in the population-based Rotterdam Study cohort. The interactions between the rs495392, vitamin D, and patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 (PNPLA3) rs738409 polymorphism were also analyzed. Results Carriage of the rs495392 A allele had a protective effect on steatosis severity (odds ratio [OR], 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.42–0.89; P=0.010) in Chinese patients. After adjustment for potential confounders, the A allele remained significant with a protective effect (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.45–0.98; P=0.040). The effect on hepatic steatosis was confirmed in the Rotterdam Study cohort. Additional analysis showed the association between serum vitamin D levels and NAFLD specifically in rs495392 A allele carriers, but not in non-carriers. Moreover, we found that the rs495392 A allele attenuated the detrimental impact of PNPLA3 rs738409 G allele on the risk of severe hepatic steatosis. Conclusions The KL rs495392 polymorphism has a protective effect against hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yue Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gang Li
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liang-Jie Tang
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Pei-Wu Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Rafael S Rios
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kenneth I Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hong-Lei Ma
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiuwei Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J de Knegt
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luca Valenti
- Translational Medicine, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Namkhah Z, Naeini F, Mahdi Rezayat S, Mansouri S, Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar M. Does naringenin supplementation improve lipid profile, severity of hepatic steatosis and probability of liver fibrosis in overweight/obese patients with NAFLD? A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e14852. [PMID: 34516703 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.14852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Naringenin has been reported to have some promising pharmacological effects on the management of obesity and related metabolic complications including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, the present clinical trial study was done to assess the effects of naringenin supplementation on lipid profile, aminotransferase levels, severity of steatosis, as well as probability of fibrosis in overweight/obese patients with NAFLD. MATERIALS AND METHODS This placebo-controlled, parallel randomised, double-blind clinical trial study was conducted on 44 eligible overweight/obese patients with NAFLD (naringenin-treated group (n = 22), control group (n = 22)) referred to the national Iranian oil company (NIOC) Central Hospital, Tehran City, Tehran Province, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to receive naringenin capsules (100 mg) and identical placebo capsules twice a day, before lunch and dinner, for 4 weeks. The primary outcomes were improvement of liver steatosis and NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), and secondary outcomes included changes in levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lipid profile. RESULTS Naringenin consumption significantly reduced percentages of NAFLD grades (P < .001), as well as, serum levels of triglyceride (TG) (P < .001), total cholesterol (TC) (P = .01), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P = .02) and increased serum level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (P = .02) compared with the control group. Even after adjusting for the confounders, the results were significant. However, there were no significant changes in AST, ALT and NFS. CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that daily intake of 200 mg of naringenin for 4 weeks had beneficial effects on lipid profile and percentages of NAFLD grades as an indicator for the severity of hepatic steatosis. Although, NFS values and serum levels of aminotransferase enzymes including AST and ALT did not remarkably change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Namkhah
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Rezayat
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Mansouri
- National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) Health and Family Research Center, Tehran, Iran
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The associations between coronary artery disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by computed tomography. Egypt Heart J 2021; 73:96. [PMID: 34718898 PMCID: PMC8557221 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-021-00222-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing in recognition as a hepatic condition that is unrelated to significant alcoholic consumption, but has rather, been suggested to constitute cardiovascular risk (irrespective of traditional risk factors and high-risk plaque features). Both coronary artery disease and NAFLD share the same pathophysiology and metabolic profile. NAFLD can theoretically be a source/initiator for coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to study the association between NAFLD, CAD, the presence of high-risk plaque features, and the severity of stenosis. RESULTS We recruited 800 patients with suspected obstructive CAD and planned for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), Exclusion criteria: heavy alcohol consumption; contraindications to contrast media; unevaluated coronary-artery segments; other known liver disease; and use of oral corticosteroids and/or amiodarone. Non-enhanced Computed Tomography abdomen was performed before the CCTA to detect NAFLD. To study the association between NAFLD and the presence of CAD, patients were classified as to either have, or not have CAD. The CAD group were then further studied for the presence of high-risk plaque features: napkin ring sign, Positive remodelling, Low Hounsfield unit (HU), and Spotty calcium; and their association with NAFLD. Thirty-two per cent of patients had NAFLD and 45% had CAD. A significant association between NAFLD and CAD was found (OR 4.21, 95% CI (confidence interval) (2.83-6.25), p = 0.000). In CAD patients, significant associations were present between NAFLD and high-risk plaque features: Napkin ring sign, Positive remodelling, Low HU, and Spotty calcium (OR 7.88, 95% CI (4.39-14.12), p < 0.001, OR 5.84, 95% (3.85-8.85), p < 0.001, OR 7.25, 95% CI (3.31-15.90), p < 0.001 and OR 6.66, 95% CI (3.75-11.82), p < 0.001), respectively. NAFLD was present in 39.30%, 50.00%, 20.00%, 54.50% and 100.00% of patients with CAD; and 1-24%; 25-49%; 50-69%; 7 = 0-99%, LMD (Left Main Disease) > 50% stenosis or 3V disease, and Total occlusion, respectively, p < 0.001. CONCLUSIONS NAFLD is strongly associated with CAD, high-risk plaque features and higher grade of stenosis.
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Pasta A, Borro P, Cremonini AL, Formisano E, Tozzi G, Cecchi S, Fresa R, Labanca S, Djahandideh A, Sukkar SG, Picciotto A, Pisciotta L. Effect of a common missense variant in LIPA gene on fatty liver disease and lipid phenotype: New perspectives from a single-center observational study. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00820. [PMID: 34476902 PMCID: PMC8413903 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LAL-D) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by hypoalphalipoproteinemia, mixed hyperlipemia, and fatty liver (FL) due to mutations in LIPAse A, lysosomal acid type (LIPA) gene. The rs1051338 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in LIPA gene, in vitro, could adversely affect the LAL activity (LAL-A). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is often associated with metabolic syndrome, and the diagnosis requires the exclusion of excess of alcohol intake and other causes of hepatic disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of rs1051338 rare allele on lipid phenotype, severity of FL, and LAL-A in patients suffering from dyslipidemia associated with NAFLD. We selected 74 subjects with hypoalphalipoproteinemia or mixed hyperlipemia and evaluated transaminases, liver assessment with controlled attenuation parameter (CAP), LAL-A, rs1051338 SNP genotype. The presence of rare allele caused higher levels of triglycerides and hepatic transaminase and lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Multivariate analysis highlighted independent association between rare allele and FL severity in subjects with NAFLD. The rs1051338 SNP may modulate FL severity and atherogenic dyslipidemia in patients suffering from NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pasta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Borro
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Laura Cremonini
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elena Formisano
- Nutritional Unit ASL-1 Imperiese, Giovanni Borea Civil Hospital, Sanremo, Italy
| | - Giulia Tozzi
- Division of Metabolism and Research Unit of Metabolic Biochemistry, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Cecchi
- Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Fresa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Labanca
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Afscin Djahandideh
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Samir Giuseppe Sukkar
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonino Picciotto
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Livia Pisciotta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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NAFLD-Related Hepatocarcinoma: The Malignant Side of Metabolic Syndrome. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082034. [PMID: 34440803 PMCID: PMC8391372 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the seventh most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. HCC typically arises within a cirrhotic liver, but in about 20% of cases occurs in absence of cirrhosis. Among non-cirrhotic risk factors, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) currently represents the most important emerging cause of HCC in developed countries. It has been estimated that annual incidence of HCC among patients with non-cirrhotic NAFLD is approximately 0.1-1.3 per 1000 patients/year and ranges from 0.5% to 2.6% among patients with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis. However, only a few clinical trials enrolling HCC patients actually distinguished NAFLD/NASH-related cases from other non-cirrhotic causes and therefore evidence is still lacking in this subset of patients. This review aims to describe the biology underpinning NAFLD development, to investigate the main molecular pathways involved in its progression to NASH and HCC and to describe how different pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the onset of HCC can have an impact in clinical practice. We hereby also provide an overview of current HCC treatment options, with a particular focus on the available data on NAFLD-related cases in practice-changing clinical trials.
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Meneses D, Olveira A, Corripio R, Méndez MDC, Romero M, Calvo-Viñuelas I, Herranz L, Vicent D, de-Cos-Blanco AI. Prevalence and predictors of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with morbid obesity. ENDOCRINOL DIAB NUTR 2021; 69:S2530-0164(21)00180-4. [PMID: 34340957 DOI: 10.1016/j.endinu.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in morbid obesity (MO). A considerable proportion of patients with MO have non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Liver biopsy (LB) is the only procedure that reliably differentiates NASH from other stages of NAFLD, but its invasive nature prevents it from being generalisable. Hence, non-invasive assessment is critical in this group of patients. OBJECTIVES To report NAFLD/NASH prevalence in a cohort of patients with MO and to identify predictors of NASH. METHODS Fifty-two consecutive patients subjected to bariatric surgery in a University hospital in Spain underwent LB. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical variables were registered. According of the results of the LB, individuals were classified by whether they had NASH or not. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors associated with NASH. RESULTS NAFLD was reported in 94.2% of the patients, simple steatosis was present in 51.92% and NASH in 42.31%. Meanwhile, 17.3% of patients exhibited significant fibrosis (≥F2). HIGHT score for NASH risk was established using five independent predictors: systemic Hypertension, Insulin resistance, Gamma-glutamyl transferase, High density lipoprotein cholesterol and alanine Transaminase. This score ranges from 0 to 7 and was used to predict NASH in our cohort (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve 0.846). A score of 4 or greater implied high risk (sensitivity 77.3%, specificity 73.3%, positive predictive value 68%, negative predictive value 81.5%, accuracy 75%). CONCLUSIONS NAFLD is practically a constant in MO with a considerable proportion of patients presenting NASH. The combination of five independent predictors in a scoring system may help the clinician optimise the selection of patients with MO for LB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Meneses
- Obesity Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antonio Olveira
- Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Corripio
- Metabolic Surgery Unit, Department of General Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Méndez
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Míriam Romero
- Liver Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Calvo-Viñuelas
- Obesity Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucrecia Herranz
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Vicent
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria [Health Research Institute] of Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel de-Cos-Blanco
- Obesity Unit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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Zeng F, Luo J, Han H, Xie W, Wang L, Han R, Chen H, Cai Y, Huang H, Xia Z. Allopurinol ameliorates liver injury in type 1 diabetic rats through activating Nrf2. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211031417. [PMID: 34240649 PMCID: PMC8274082 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211031417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress plays important roles in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a common complication in diabetic patients. The Nrf2-Keap1 pathway is important for cell antioxidant protection, while its role in exogenous antioxidant mediated protection against NAFLD is unclear. We thus, postulated that antioxidant treatment with allopurinol (ALP) may attenuate diabetic liver injury and explored the underlying mechanisms. Control (C) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes rats (D) were untreated or treated with ALP for 4 weeks starting at 1 week after diabetes induction. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), production of lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), and serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected. Liver protein expressions of cleaved-caspase 3, IL-1β, nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), P62, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), and LC3 were analyzed. In vitro, cultured rat normal hepatocytes BRL-3A were grouped to normal glucose (5.5 mM, NG) or high glucose (25 mM, HG) and treated with or without allopurinol (100 µM) for 48 h. Rats in the D group demonstrated liver injury evidenced as increased serum levels of ALT and AST. Diabetes increased apoptotic cell death, enhanced liver protein expressions of cleaved-caspase 3 and IL-1β with concomitantly increased production of MDA while serum SOD content was significantly reduced (all P < 0.05 vs C). In the meantime, protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and P62 were reduced while Keap1 and LC3 were increased in the untreated D group as compared to control (P < 0.05 vs C). And all the above alterations were significantly attenuated by ALP. Similar to our findings obtained from in vivo study, we got the same results in in vitro experiments. It is concluded that ALP activates the Nrf2/p62 pathway to ameliorate oxidative stress and liver injury in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zeng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jierong Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hong Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjie Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ronghui Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yin Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huansen Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengyuan Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, HuiZhou First Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Huizhou, China
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Juanola O, Martínez-López S, Francés R, Gómez-Hurtado I. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Metabolic, Genetic, Epigenetic and Environmental Risk Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105227. [PMID: 34069012 PMCID: PMC8155932 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most frequent causes of chronic liver disease in the Western world, probably due to the growing prevalence of obesity, metabolic diseases, and exposure to some environmental agents. In certain patients, simple hepatic steatosis can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can sometimes lead to liver cirrhosis and its complications including hepatocellular carcinoma. Understanding the mechanisms that cause the progression of NAFLD to NASH is crucial to be able to control the advancement of the disease. The main hypothesis considers that it is due to multiple factors that act together on genetically predisposed subjects to suffer from NAFLD including insulin resistance, nutritional factors, gut microbiota, and genetic and epigenetic factors. In this article, we will discuss the epidemiology of NAFLD, and we overview several topics that influence the development of the disease from simple steatosis to liver cirrhosis and its possible complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oriol Juanola
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Translational Research Laboratory, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Università della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Sebastián Martínez-López
- Clinical Medicine Department, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Rubén Francés
- Clinical Medicine Department, Miguel Hernández University, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Center for Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Gómez-Hurtado
- Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, 03010 Alicante, Spain
- Networked Biomedical Research Center for Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Liu B, Yi W, Mao X, Yang L, Rao C. Enoyl coenzyme A hydratase 1 alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice by suppressing hepatic ferroptosis. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2021; 320:E925-E937. [PMID: 33813878 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00614.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a common metabolic disorder that is a major contributor to health care expenditures worldwide. Enoyl coenzyme A hydratase 1 (ECH1) is initially recognized as a key component in mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, and subsequent studies have demonstrated that it regulates multiple pathophysiological processes. However, the relationship between ECH1 and NASH has remained largely unknown. Herein, we investigated the role of ECH1 in NASH progression. Adeno-associated virus-mediated genetic engineering was used to investigate the role of ECH1. Alterations in hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrogenesis, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and liver injury were monitored using liver or serum samples from mice. ECH1 expression was significantly higher in human NASH biopsy specimens and in methionine choline-deficient (MCD) diet-fed mice. ECH1 overexpression significantly alleviated hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrogenesis, apoptosis, and oxidative stress in livers of mice. In addition, ECH1 overexpression also reduced alanine aminotransferase and proinflammatory cytokine levels in serum and triglyceride levels in livers. Consistently, ECH1 knockdown suppressed this beneficial phenotype. Mechanistically, ECH1-knockdown mice treated with ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) showed an alleviated NASH phenotype compared with the untreated knockdown mice. Meanwhile, we detected changes in Erk signaling pathway when ECH1 was overexpressed or knocked down, which may partially explain the potential mechanism of ECH1 regulation of ferroptosis.In summary, ECH1 may ameliorate steatohepatitis by inhibiting ferroptosis. Pharmacological or genetic ECH1 activation may have potential as a future therapy for NASH.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Enoyl coenzyme A hydratase 1 (ECH1) is a key component in mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation and is also a well-known enzyme for lipid metabolism. However, the biological role of ECH1 in the development of NASH is still unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that ECH1 inhibits NASH by inhibiting ferroptosis, thus providing a novel target for therapeutic intervention for future treatment of NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiang Mao
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Caijun Rao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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Liu WY, Eslam M, Zheng KI, Ma HL, Rios RS, Lv MZ, Li G, Tang LJ, Zhu PW, Wang XD, Byrne CD, Targher G, George J, Zheng MH. Associations of Hydroxysteroid 17-beta Dehydrogenase 13 Variants with Liver Histology in Chinese Patients with Metabolic-associated Fatty Liver Disease. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2021; 9:194-202. [PMID: 34007801 PMCID: PMC8111109 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2020.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS In Europeans, variants in the hydroxysteroid 17-beta dehydrogenase 13 (HSD17B13) gene impact liver histology in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The impact of these variants in ethnic Chinese is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential associations in Chinese patients. METHODS In total, 427 Han Chinese with biopsy-confirmed MAFLD were enrolled. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in HSD17B13 were genotyped: rs72613567 and rs6531975. Logistic regression was used to test the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms and liver histology. RESULTS In our cohort, the minor allele TA of the rs72613567 variant was related to an increased risk of fibrosis [odds ratio (OR): 2.93 (1.20-7.17), p=0.019 for the additive model; OR: 3.32 (1.39-7.91), p=0.007 for the recessive model], representing an inverse association as compared to the results from European cohorts. In contrast, we observed a protective effect on fibrosis for the minor A allele carriers of the HSD17B13 rs6531975 variant [OR: 0.48 (0.24-0.98), p=0.043 for the additive model; OR: 0.62 (0.40-0.94), p=0.025 for the dominant model]. HSD17B13 variants were only associated with fibrosis but no other histological features. Furthermore, HSD17B13 rs6531975 modulated the effect of PNPLA3 rs738409 on hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSIONS HSD17B13 rs72613567 is a risk variant for fibrosis in a Han Chinese MAFLD population but with a different direction for allelic association to that seen in Europeans. These data exemplify the need for studying diverse populations in genetic studies in order to fine map genome-wide association studies signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yue Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mohammed Eslam
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kenneth I. Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Lei Ma
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rafael S. Rios
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min-Zhi Lv
- Department of Biostatistics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Li
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang-Jie Tang
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pei-Wu Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Christopher D. Byrne
- Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Giovanni Targher
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney, Australia
- Correspondence to: Ming-Hua Zheng, NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000, China. ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4984-2631. Tel: +86-577-55579611, Fax: +86-577-55578522, E-mail: ; Jacob George, Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia. Tel: +61-2-88907705, Fax: +61-2-96357582, E-mail:
| | - Ming-Hua Zheng
- NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Hepatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment for The Development of Chronic Liver Disease in Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Correspondence to: Ming-Hua Zheng, NAFLD Research Center, Department of Hepatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; No. 2 Fuxue Lane, Wenzhou Zhejiang 325000, China. ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4984-2631. Tel: +86-577-55579611, Fax: +86-577-55578522, E-mail: ; Jacob George, Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Westmead, Sydney 2145, Australia. Tel: +61-2-88907705, Fax: +61-2-96357582, E-mail:
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Sampson CM, Dimet AL, Neelakantan H, Ogunseye KO, Stevenson HL, Hommel JD, Watowich SJ. Combined nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibition and reduced-calorie diet normalizes body composition and enhances metabolic benefits in obese mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5637. [PMID: 33707534 PMCID: PMC7952898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a large and growing global health problem with few effective therapies. The present study investigated metabolic and physiological benefits of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase inhibitor (NNMTi) treatment combined with a lean diet substitution in diet-induced obese mice. NNMTi treatment combined with lean diet substitution accelerated and improved body weight and fat loss, increased whole-body lean mass to body weight ratio, reduced liver and epididymal white adipose tissue weights, decreased liver adiposity, and improved hepatic steatosis, relative to a lean diet substitution alone. Importantly, combined lean diet and NNMTi treatment normalized body composition and liver adiposity parameters to levels observed in age-matched lean diet control mice. NNMTi treatment produced a unique metabolomic signature in adipose tissue, with predominant increases in ketogenic amino acid abundance and alterations to metabolites linked to energy metabolic pathways. Taken together, NNMTi treatment's modulation of body weight, adiposity, liver physiology, and the adipose tissue metabolome strongly support it as a promising therapeutic for obesity and obesity-driven comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Sampson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch At Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Andrea L Dimet
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | | | - Kehinde O Ogunseye
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
- Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Heather L Stevenson
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan D Hommel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch At Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
- Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Stanley J Watowich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA.
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Mori Y, Kawakami Y, Kanzaki K, Otsuki A, Kimura Y, Kanji H, Tanaka R, Tsukayama I, Hojo N, Suzuki-Yamamoto T, Kawakami T, Takahashi Y. Arachidonate 12S-lipoxygenase of platelet-type in hepatic stellate cells of methionine and choline-deficient diet-fed mice. J Biochem 2021; 168:455-463. [PMID: 32492133 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvaa062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A role of 12-lipoxygenase in the progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is suggested, although the underlying mechanism is not entirely understood. The catalytic activity of 12S-lipoxygenase that was hardly observed in liver cytosol of normal chow-fed mice was clearly detectable in that of NASH model mice prepared by feeding a methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet. The product profile, substrate specificity and immunogenicity indicated that the enzyme was the platelet-type isoform. The expression levels of mRNA and protein of platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase in the liver of MCD diet-fed mice were significantly increased compared with those of normal chow-fed mice. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase colocalized with α-smooth muscle actin as well as vitamin A in the cells distributing along liver sinusoids. These results indicate that the expression level of platelet-type 12S-lipoxygenase in hepatic stellate cells was increased during the cell activation in MCD diet-fed mice, suggesting a possible role of the enzyme in pathophysiology of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Mori
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawakami
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Keita Kanzaki
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Health Science and Technology, Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare, 288 Matsushima, Kurashiki, Okayama 701-0193, Japan
| | - Akemi Otsuki
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Yuka Kimura
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Hibiki Kanji
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Ryoma Tanaka
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Izumi Tsukayama
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Nana Hojo
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Toshiko Suzuki-Yamamoto
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Takayo Kawakami
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, 111 Kuboki, Soja, Okayama 719-1197, Japan
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Evaluating the Efficacy of Carum Copticum Seeds on the Treatment of Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Multi-Center, Randomized, Triple–Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Study. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.110488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Background: The increased prevalence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) has caused several concerns. Besides, there are concerns about the side effects of the drugs used to treat this condition. Since the current treatments are not effective in treating NAFLD, developing a novel therapeutic option based on some medicinal plants is necessary. Few studies have investigated the natural drugs and their effects (e.g., extracts of Carum Copticum Seeds (CCS)) on these patients. Objectives: The current study intended to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CCS extracts on liver enzymes, serum lipids, as well as the grade of fatty liver, and anthropometric measurements in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: In this multi-center, randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial study, 90 patients with grades of 1 to 3 of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease referred to two medical centers located in Tehran (Iran) in 2019 are examined. Diet and exercise were recommended for patients three times a day in eight weeks, in addition to taking 500 mg capsules (aqueous extracts of Ajwain seeds and placebo for treatment and placebo groups). Results: Medical records of 68 patients were reviewed, 48 (71%) male and 20 (29%) female. Both groups were similar concerning demographic and baseline characteristics. The total score of the Leeds questionnaire [-14.03 vs. -7.49, P = 0.048], Triglyceride (TG) [-4.45 vs. 10.03, P = 0.017], and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) [-14.71 vs. -4.79, P = 0.012] were significantly changed in the treatment group compared to the control group. Nevertheless, a different situation was observed for Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) [-7.08 vs. -4.84, P = 0.314], Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) [-2.88 vs. -2.81, P = 0.207], and Body Mass Index (BMI) [-0.59 vs. -0.39, P = 0.095]. Although a significant change was found in both groups, the amount of decline was similar for both groups. In both groups, the cholesterol, High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), and Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) did not change significantly. The sonographic findings indicated significantly higher improvements in the intervention group than the placebo group (RR = 2.43, 95% CI (1.15-5.65), and P value = 0.034). Conclusions: The result of this study supports the efficacy of Carum copticum seeds in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients. It was found that CCS with a significant reduction in ALT, TG, and relative reduction of BMI can help physicians to manage other metabolic disorders associated with NAFLD, such as obesity and hyperlipidemia.
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Onishi M, Yamano K, Sato M, Matsuda N, Okamoto K. Molecular mechanisms and physiological functions of mitophagy. EMBO J 2021; 40:e104705. [PMID: 33438778 PMCID: PMC7849173 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2020104705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 535] [Impact Index Per Article: 178.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of mitochondria via a selective form of autophagy, named mitophagy, is a fundamental mechanism conserved from yeast to humans that regulates mitochondrial quality and quantity control. Mitophagy is promoted via specific mitochondrial outer membrane receptors, or ubiquitin molecules conjugated to proteins on the mitochondrial surface leading to the formation of autophagosomes surrounding mitochondria. Mitophagy-mediated elimination of mitochondria plays an important role in many processes including early embryonic development, cell differentiation, inflammation, and apoptosis. Recent advances in analyzing mitophagy in vivo also reveal high rates of steady-state mitochondrial turnover in diverse cell types, highlighting the intracellular housekeeping role of mitophagy. Defects in mitophagy are associated with various pathological conditions such as neurodegeneration, heart failure, cancer, and aging, further underscoring the biological relevance. Here, we review our current molecular understanding of mitophagy, and its physiological implications, and discuss how multiple mitophagy pathways coordinately modulate mitochondrial fitness and populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashun Onishi
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial DynamicsGraduate School of Frontier BiosciencesOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
| | - Koji Yamano
- The Ubiquitin ProjectTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Miyuki Sato
- Laboratory of Molecular Membrane BiologyInstitute for Molecular and Cellular RegulationGunma UniversityMaebashiJapan
| | - Noriyuki Matsuda
- The Ubiquitin ProjectTokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical ScienceTokyoJapan
| | - Koji Okamoto
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial DynamicsGraduate School of Frontier BiosciencesOsaka UniversitySuitaJapan
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Vahid F, Rahmani D, Hekmatdoost A. The association between dietary antioxidant index (DAI) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) onset; new findings from an incident case-control study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2021; 41:360-364. [PMID: 33487290 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests an increasing global trend in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence. Researchers have noted the importance of the role of dietary antioxidants in reducing the incidence of NAFLD. The dietary antioxidant index (DAI) is a valid indicator that considers the -diet's total antioxidant properties. The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the relationship between DAI and NAFLD. We hypothesized that there is a link between the DAI and the NAFLD. METHODS This case-control study included 295 patients with NAFLD and 704 controls. The patients' dietary intake was assessed through a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We standardized each of vitamin A, C, E, and selenium, manganese, and zinc by subtracting the global mean and dividing by the global SD to calculate the DAI. RESULTS Subjects with DAI score -0.46 < were at higher odds of having NAFLD compared to subjects with DAI -0.46 ≥ (ORDAI<-0.46/≥-0.46 = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.41-0.73). After adjustment for age, gender, and total energy intake (model B) a reverse and significant association was seen (ORDAI<-0.46/≥-0.46 = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.39-0.82). CONCLUSION The role of antioxidants in reducing the odds of NAFLD is fundamental. Taking antioxidants such as vitamins A, E, C, zinc, selenium, and manganese through food can effectively reduce NAFLD odds. On the other hand, studies should examine DAI's sensitivity and specificity in various settings and outcomes to use it in clinical work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Vahid
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran.
| | - Diana Rahmani
- Department of Nutritional Science, School of Health, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Departments of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Transcriptome analysis reveals the efficacy of ginsenoside-Rg1 in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Life Sci 2020; 267:118986. [PMID: 33385408 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic liver disease and lacks for safe and effective drug to therapy completely. Ginsenoside-Rg1 is one of the main components of ginseng and has been proved to counteract a variety of diseases. However, there is currently a lack of sufficient evidence to support the efficacy of ginsenoside-Rg1 in the treatment of NAFLD. Our aim was to investigate whether Ginsenoside-Rg1 is a potential drug for NAFLD. MAIN METHODS NAFLD model in rats was established by giving a high-fat diet (HFD), ginsenoside-Rg1 was intragastrically administered 100 mg/kg/d for 8 weeks in NAFLD rat. Serum biochemical indices were measured. Liver tissues were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and oil red O. Total RNA was extracted from liver and was used for high throughput sequencing to identify the changes of transcriptome. The relevant hub genes were verified by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. KEY FINDINGS Serum biochemical analysis indicated that ginsenoside-Rg1 improved liver function. Additionally, the staining of HE and oil red O indicated ginsenoside-Rg1 could remit pathology process of NAFLD. The transcriptome changes also support this result and reveals Atf3 and Acox2 were key genes. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together, these results suggest that the efficiency of ginsenoside-Rg1 against NAFLD and confirmed that ginsenoside-Rg1 is a potential effective drug in treatment of NAFLD.
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49
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Li X, Wang H. Multiple organs involved in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:140. [PMID: 33372630 PMCID: PMC7720519 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00507-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide and the anticipated health burden is huge. There are limited therapeutic approaches for NAFLD now. It’s imperative to get a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis if new treatments are to be discovered. As the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, this disease involves complex interactions between different organs and regulatory pathways. It’s increasingly clear that brain, gut and adipose tissue all contribute to NAFLD pathogenesis and development, in view of their roles in energy homeostasis. In the present review, we try to summarize currently available data regarding NAFLD pathogenesis and to lay a particular emphasis on the inter-organ crosstalk evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China. .,Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China.
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50
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Tutunchi H, Naeini F, Saghafi-Asl M, Farrin N, Monshikarimi A, Ostadrahimi A. Effects of oleoylethanolamide supplementation on atherogenic indices and hematological parameters in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A clinical trial. Health Promot Perspect 2020; 10:373-382. [PMID: 33312933 PMCID: PMC7722997 DOI: 10.34172/hpp.2020.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most frequent cause of chronic liver disease in the world. The current interventional trial aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with oleoylethanolamide (OEA) in combination with weight loss intervention on some atherogenic indices as well as hematological parameters in patients newly diagnosed with NAFLD. Methods: In this triple-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 76 obese patients with NAFLD confirmed by ultra-sonographic findings were randomly assigned to receive a weight reduction diet plus either 250 mg OEA (n=38) or placebo (n=38) for 12 weeks. Atherogenic factors including total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)/HDL-C, triglyceride (TG)/HDL-C, non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios and non-HDL-C level, as well as hematological parameters were assessed before and after intervention. Results : After adjustment for potential confounding factors, between group analyses demonstrated a significantly lower LDL-C/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios in the OEA group compared to the placebo, post-intervention (95% confidence interval [CI]:0.06 to 0.85, P = 0.024; 95% CI: -2.06 to -0.05, P = 0.039; 95% CI: -1.05 to -0.02, P = 0.042,respectively). Additionally, OEA supplementation could significantly decrease the levels of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) compared to the placebo at the endpoint after considering potential confounding variables (95% CI: -0.56 to -0.003, P = 0.041). No significant differences were found between the two study groups in terms of other hematological parameters. Conclusion: The results of the current study indicated that OEA supplementation had beneficial effects on LDL-C/HDL-C, TG/HDL-C, and non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios as well as RDW in obese patients with NAFLD. Trial Registration: IRCT20110530006652N2; https://www.irct.ir/trial/37228.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helda Tutunchi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Naeini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Saghafi-Asl
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Farrin
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Monshikarimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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